Communication method, ambient internet of things system, internet of things device, access network device

Abstract

This application provides a communication method, an environmental IoT system, an IoT device, and an access network device, relating to the field of IoT technology. In this method, the access network device sends a first message to the IoT device; the IoT device, in response to the first message, determines a target access timing and a first frequency domain resource, and sends a second message to the access network device based on the target access timing and the first frequency domain resource; the access network device generates a third message based on the second message and sends it to the IoT device; the IoT device determines a second frequency resource and / or a target power based on the third message, and sends a fourth message to the access network device based on the second frequency resource and / or the target power. In this solution, the access network device can avoid potential conflicts or interference during the uplink transmission of various IoT devices during the configuration phase, improving the connection success rate between the IoT device and the access network device.

Description

Communication methods, environmental IoT systems, IoT devices, access network equipment

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on May 10, 2024, with application number 202410578175.4 and entitled "Communication Method, Environmental Internet of Things System, Internet of Things Device, Access Network Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, and in particular to a communication method, an environmental IoT system, an IoT device, an access network device, and a program product. Background Technology

[0003] In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has received widespread attention in the field of wireless communication. By interconnecting more IoT devices, productivity can be improved.

[0004] Typically, IoT devices communicate via wireless communication networks, and their peak power consumption is generally greater than 10mW (milliwatts). Due to this high power consumption, most IoT devices are battery-powered. Therefore, maintaining IoT devices requires manually replacing the battery or charging the device, resulting in high maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method, an environmental IoT system, an IoT device, and an access network device, which can improve the connection success rate between IoT devices and access network devices.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, the method being applied to an IoT device, the method comprising: receiving a first message, the first message being for resources used by the IoT device when sending a second message; sending a second message in response to the first message, wherein the second message includes a first identifier, or includes the first identifier and first information, the first information including the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device; receiving a third message, the third message being for determining frequency resources and power used by the IoT device when sending a fourth message; the third message being determined by an access network device based on the second message; determining a second frequency resource and / or a target power based on the third message; and sending a fourth message based on the second frequency resource and / or the target power.

[0008] In this application, the access network device sends a first message to the IoT device; the IoT device responds to the first message by determining the target access timing and the first frequency domain resources, and sends a second message to the access network device based on the target access timing and the first frequency domain resources. The access network device generates a third message based on the second message and sends it to the IoT device. The IoT device determines the second frequency resources and / or the target power based on the third message, and sends a fourth message to the access network device based on the second frequency resources and / or the target power. In this solution, the access network device can avoid potential conflicts or interference during the uplink transmission of various IoT devices during the configuration phase, thereby improving the connection success rate between the IoT device and the access network device.

[0009] In one embodiment, the step of sending a second message in response to the first message includes: determining a set of candidate timings consisting of multiple candidate timings based on the first message, the device type of the IoT device, and / or the maximum transmit power; determining the target access timing from the set of candidate timings; and sending the second message based on the target access timing.

[0010] In this embodiment, the process of determining the target access timing is related to the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device. Therefore, the reporting timing of IoT devices can be categorized based on device type and / or maximum transmit power, avoiding disorderly access by all IoT devices. This improves the connection success rate between IoT devices and access network devices.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first message includes time-domain resource indication information, which indicates one or more candidate timing sets. Sending the second message in response to the first message includes: determining a target candidate timing set from the one or more candidate timing sets based on the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device; determining the target access timing from the target candidate timing set; and sending the second message based on the target access timing.

[0012] In this embodiment, the first message includes time-domain resource indication information, which indicates one or more candidate access timing sets. The access network device manages the target access timing used by the IoT device when reporting the second message through the first message, avoiding disordered access by all IoT devices. This improves the connection success rate between the IoT device and the access network device.

[0013] In one embodiment, the candidate timing set is a set of multiple candidate timings that are consecutive in the time domain.

[0014] In one embodiment, the time-domain resource indication information includes multiple time-domain indication parameters, which are used to determine one or more candidate timing sets. The step of determining a target candidate timing set from the one or more candidate timing sets based on the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device includes: determining a target time-domain indication parameter from the multiple time-domain indication parameters based on the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device; determining a time-domain range based on the target time-domain indication parameter; and determining the target candidate timing set based on the time-domain range.

[0015] In this embodiment, a candidate access timing set is calculated using a time-domain indication parameter. This parameter occupies only a small number of bits in the first message, thus saving overhead. Furthermore, the time-domain indication parameter manages the target access timing used by IoT devices when reporting the second message, preventing out-of-order access by all IoT devices. This improves the connection success rate between IoT devices and access network devices.

[0016] In one embodiment, the step of sending a second message in response to the first message includes: determining a set of frequency domain resources consisting of multiple candidate frequency domain resources based on the first message, the device type of the IoT device, and / or the maximum transmit power; determining the first frequency domain resource from the set of frequency domain resources; and sending the second message based on the first frequency domain resource.

[0017] In this embodiment, the determination process of the first frequency domain resource is related to the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device. Therefore, the frequency domain resources used by the IoT device to report the second message can be classified according to the device type and / or maximum transmit power, avoiding disordered access by all IoT devices. This improves the connection success rate between IoT devices and access network devices.

[0018] In one embodiment, the first message includes frequency domain resource indication information, which indicates one or more frequency domain resource sets. The step of sending a second message in response to the first message includes: determining a target frequency domain resource set from the one or more frequency domain resource sets based on the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device; determining the first frequency domain resource from the target frequency domain resource set; and sending the second message based on the first frequency domain resource.

[0019] In one embodiment, the frequency domain resource set is a collection of multiple frequency domain resources that are consecutive in the frequency domain.

[0020] In one embodiment, the frequency domain resource indication information includes multiple frequency domain indication parameters, which are used to determine one or more frequency domain resource sets. The step of determining a target frequency domain resource set from the one or more frequency domain resource sets based on the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device includes: determining a target frequency domain indication parameter from the multiple frequency domain indication parameters based on the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device; determining a frequency domain range based on the target frequency domain indication parameter; and determining the target frequency domain resource set based on the frequency domain range.

[0021] In one embodiment, the third message includes at least one of proximity indication information, frequency domain resource information, and power control information; the proximity indication is used to characterize the communication distance between the IoT device and the access network device; and determining the second frequency resource and / or target power based on the third message includes: determining the target power based on the proximity indication information and / or the power control information; and / or determining the second frequency resource based on the frequency domain resource information.

[0022] In one embodiment, the frequency domain resource information includes any one of frequency range, frequency value, and frequency offset.

[0023] In one embodiment, the power control information further includes any one of power range, power value, and power change.

[0024] In one embodiment, before the second message is sent in response to the first message, the method further includes: receiving a paging-like message from the access network device, the paging-like message including an identifier of the access network device; and determining whether to respond to the first message based on the identifier of the access network device.

[0025] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided, the method being applied to an access network device, the method comprising: sending a first message, the first message being used for resources used by an IoT device when sending a second message; receiving a second message, the second message being sent by the IoT device in response to the first message, the second message including a first identifier, or including the first identifier and first information, the first information including the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device; sending a third message in response to the second message, the third message being used by the IoT device to determine frequency resources and power used when sending a fourth message to the access network device; and receiving a fourth message, the fourth message being sent by the IoT device based on a second frequency resource and / or a target power, the second frequency resource and / or the target power being determined by the IoT device based on the third message.

[0026] In one embodiment, the target access timing is determined by the IoT device from a set of candidate timings, which is determined by the IoT device based on the first message, the device type of the IoT device, and / or the maximum transmit power, and the set of candidate timings includes multiple candidate timings.

[0027] In one embodiment, the first message includes time-domain resource indication information, which indicates one or more candidate timing sets, wherein the target access timing is determined by the IoT device from the target candidate timing set, and the target candidate timing set is determined by the IoT device from the one or more candidate timing sets based on the IoT device's device type and / or maximum transmit power.

[0028] In one embodiment, the candidate timing set is a set of multiple candidate timings that are consecutive in the time domain.

[0029] In one embodiment, the time-domain resource indication information includes multiple time-domain indication parameters, which are used to determine one or more candidate timing sets. The target candidate timing set is determined by the IoT device based on a time-domain range determined by the target time-domain indication parameter. The target time-domain indication parameter is determined by the IoT device from the multiple time-domain indication parameters according to the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device.

[0030] In one embodiment, the first frequency domain resource is determined by the IoT device from a set of frequency domain resources, which is determined by the IoT device based on the first message, the device type of the IoT device, and / or the maximum transmit power, and the set of frequency domain resources includes multiple candidate frequency domain resources.

[0031] In one embodiment, the first message includes frequency domain resource indication information, which indicates one or more frequency domain resource sets. The first frequency domain resource is determined by the IoT device from a target frequency domain resource set, which is determined by the IoT device from the one or more frequency domain resource sets based on the IoT device's device type and / or maximum transmit power.

[0032] In one embodiment, the frequency domain resource set is a collection of multiple frequency domain resources that are consecutive in the frequency domain.

[0033] In one embodiment, the frequency domain resource indication information includes multiple frequency domain indication parameters, which are used to determine one or more frequency domain resource sets. The target frequency domain resource set is determined by the IoT device based on the target frequency domain indication parameters, which are determined by the IoT device from the multiple frequency domain indication parameters based on the IoT device's device type and / or maximum transmit power.

[0034] In one embodiment, the step of sending a third message in response to the second message includes: if the second message includes the first identifier, during the process of receiving the second message, obtaining at least one of the access timing, transmission power, and transmission frequency used by the IoT device when sending the second message; determining the device type and / or maximum transmission power of the IoT device based on at least one of the access timing, transmission power, and transmission frequency; generating the third message based on the device type and / or maximum transmission power of the IoT device; and if the second message includes the first identifier and first information, generating the third message based on the first information.

[0035] In one embodiment, the third message includes at least one of proximity indication information, frequency domain resource information, and power control information; the proximity indication is used to characterize the communication distance between the IoT device and the access network device.

[0036] In one embodiment, the frequency domain resource information includes any one of frequency range, frequency value, and frequency offset.

[0037] In one embodiment, the power control information further includes any one of power range, power value, and power change.

[0038] In one embodiment, before sending the first message to the IoT device, the method further includes: sending a paging-like message, the paging-like message including the identifier of the access network device, the identifier of the access network device being used to trigger the IoT device to determine whether to respond to the first message.

[0039] Thirdly, an environmental Internet of Things (IoT) system is provided, including an IoT device and an access network device, wherein the IoT device performs the communication method described in any one of the first aspects above, and the access network device performs the communication method described in any one of the second aspects above.

[0040] Fourthly, an environmental Internet of Things (IoT) device is provided, including a module for performing the communication method as described in any one of the first aspects above.

[0041] Fifthly, an access network device is provided, including a module for performing the communication method as described in any one of the second aspects above.

[0042] In a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein a computer program or instructions are stored therein, which, when executed by a communication device, implement the communication method as described in any one of the first aspects above, or implement the communication method as described in any one of the second aspects above.

[0043] In a seventh aspect, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the communication method described in any one of the first aspects, or to perform the communication method described in any one of the second aspects. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of an environmental Internet of Things (IoT) system;

[0045] Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of another environmental Internet of Things system;

[0046] Figure 3 shows a schematic interaction diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 4 shows a signaling interaction diagram of a communication method;

[0048] Figure 5 shows a signaling interaction diagram of a communication method;

[0049] Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of an access process;

[0050] Figure 7 shows a signaling interaction diagram of a communication method;

[0051] Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of an access process;

[0052] Figure 9 shows a signaling interaction diagram of a communication method;

[0053] Figure 10 shows a schematic block diagram of an IoT device provided in this application;

[0054] Figure 11 shows a schematic block diagram of another access network device provided in this application;

[0055] Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of the information transmission scenario provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] To facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of this application to distinguish identical or similar items with essentially the same function and purpose. For example, "first chip" and "second chip" are used only to distinguish different chips and do not limit their order. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the terms "first" and "second" do not necessarily imply that they are different.

[0058] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0059] In this application embodiment, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0060] In this application, "instruction" can include both direct and indirect instruction. For example, when describing information to instruct information I, the information can directly instruct I or indirectly instruct I, but does not necessarily instruct the information to carry I.

[0061] In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has received widespread attention in the field of wireless communication. By interconnecting more IoT devices, productivity can be improved.

[0062] Typically, IoT devices communicate via wireless communication networks, and their peak power consumption is generally greater than 10mW (milliwatts). Due to their high power consumption, most IoT devices are battery-powered. Therefore, when maintaining IoT devices, it is necessary to manually replace the battery or charge the device.

[0063] However, on the one hand, manually replacing batteries or charging IoT devices is cumbersome and prone to omissions. On the other hand, it is expected that hundreds of thousands or even millions of IoT devices will be interconnected in the future to meet various application needs. This will cause the workload of manually replacing batteries or charging IoT devices to surge, resulting in high maintenance costs.

[0064] Furthermore, if the IoT device is used in specific working conditions such as the power or petroleum industries, the battery in the IoT device may also pose a safety hazard.

[0065] Therefore, a new IoT technology is needed to support battery-free IoT devices, or IoT devices that do not require manual battery replacement or charging.

[0066] Currently, a solution for interconnecting things using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has been proposed.

[0067] In the Internet of Things (IoT), the RFID technology operates as follows: A reader transmits a specific frequency radio frequency signal, such as a carrier signal, to a tag attached to a target object. Upon receiving this signal, the tag generates an induced current, enters a working state, and modulates its information (such as its identity document ID), then transmits the modulated information. The reader receives this modulated information and sends it to its signal processing module. The module processes the signal (e.g., demodulation and decoding) and transmits the processed information to the host computer connected to the reader. The host computer identifies the tag's information and performs corresponding processing and control based on this information. It's important to note that the tag's information is linked to the information of the target object on which it is attached; therefore, the tag's information represents the information of the target object.

[0068] In this solution, the tag device stores energy by collecting it and wirelessly connects to the reader based on carrier signals. This achieves the goal of interconnecting things while avoiding the battery-related problems mentioned above.

[0069] However, in the aforementioned RFID technologies, the reader can typically only acquire information from one tag device at a time and send that information to the host. In other words, each execution of this process can only identify one tag device. When information from multiple tag devices needs to be acquired, the reader must perform this process multiple times, resulting in low efficiency.

[0070] For example, in warehouse management applications, warehouses store a large number of materials, each tagged with a device that reports its information to the host computer. Furthermore, the materials in the warehouse are constantly changing, with large quantities of items entering or leaving the warehouse. If RFID technology is used, only one tag can be identified at a time, resulting in extremely low efficiency in material handling.

[0071] In addition, in RFID technology, the signal transmission distance between the reader and the tag device is within the range of 0-1 meter, which is relatively short and limits the signal coverage between the reader and the tag device.

[0072] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides an environmental IoT system, comprising IoT devices and access network devices. The access network device sends a first message to the IoT device. In response to the first message, the IoT device determines a target access timing and a first frequency domain resource, and sends a second message to the access network device based on the target access timing and the first frequency domain resource. The access network device generates a third message based on the second message and sends it to the IoT device. The IoT device determines a second frequency resource and / or a target power based on the third message, and sends a fourth message to the access network device based on the second frequency resource and / or the target power. The fourth message carries an IoT device identifier. In this solution, the access network device can configure transmission resources for different IoT devices. Therefore, during the configuration phase, potential conflicts or interference during the uplink transmission of various IoT devices can be avoided. This reduces the likelihood of conflicts or interference between the IoT device and other IoT devices when the second or fourth message is sent, improving the connection success rate between the IoT device and the access network device.

[0073] The following section explains the IoT system for this environment and the relevant knowledge involved in this solution:

[0074] Figure 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an environmental IoT system. This system includes IoT terminal devices (hereinafter referred to as IoT devices) and access network devices. The IoT devices and access network devices can communicate with each other using radio frequency (RF) signals. In this embodiment, the IoT devices are passive devices, and the access network devices include a reader. The access network devices and IoT devices communicate with each other using RF signals; essentially, the reader in the access network device communicates with the device using RF signals. Hereinafter, "reader" will be used to refer to the access network device.

[0075] In this embodiment of the application, the reader can send radio frequency signals. A passive device located near the reader can detect the radio frequency signals sent by the reader and return a response radio frequency signal to the reader. The response radio frequency signal can carry relevant information about the device. The reader can detect and parse the response radio frequency signal.

[0076] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a reader and a device. In this environmental IoT system, a reader can communicate with multiple devices, and the environmental IoT system can include multiple readers.

[0077] In this embodiment, the environmental IoT system shown in Figure 1 can be applied to various communication systems, such as 5G mobile communication systems or new radio access technologies (NR), as well as future communication systems. 5G mobile communication systems may include non-standalone (NSA) communication systems and / or standalone (SA) communication systems.

[0078] In this embodiment of the application, the reader can be a base station, a micro base station, a mobile terminal, a wearable device, a router that can communicate with the base station, a repeater, etc.

[0079] In this context, IoT devices refer to Ambient IoT (A-IoT) devices, including passive devices such as smart tags, passive tags, active tags, small controllers, microcontrollers, and microsensors. IoT devices can also refer to various products equipped with A-IoT devices, such as personal wearable devices, automobiles, scooters, industrial control components, smart home devices, and cordless phones. In one possible implementation, the IoT device in this application can be a low-power device, a low-computing-power device, or a device without a battery or with limited energy storage capacity.

[0080] In this embodiment, from a power consumption perspective, Ambient IoT currently offers two modes: microwatts and hundreds of microwatts. The microwatt mode primarily relies on pure reflection and backscattering. That is, the base station sends a signal, and the device reflects the energy back, characterized by low energy consumption, typically around 1 microwatt. Although the amount of energy received and reflected is small, this mode is sufficient for transmitting low-bandwidth data and is suitable for electronic tag scenarios.

[0081] The transmission range of the microwatt-level mode can be further expanded, reaching up to 100 microwatts, where energy is harvested and used to drive amplifiers, allowing signals to travel further. This mode harvests and stores energy through capacitors. For example, when a certain amount of voltage is harvested, it can drive a small power amplifier, thereby amplifying the signal and transmitting it further, reaching the 100 microwatt level. Applications such as logistics tracking and environmental monitoring can be realized in this mode.

[0082] Based on their power consumption levels and signal generation capabilities, A-IoT devices can be categorized into the following three types:

[0083] Device 1 (First Device Type): Peak power consumption is around 1 μW (microwatts), with energy storage, initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) as high as 10X ppm, and neither DL nor UL in the device has amplification function. The device's UL transmission is backscattered on an externally provided carrier, with no independent signal generation.

[0084] Device2a (Second Device Type): Peak power consumption ≤ several hundred μW, with energy storage, initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) up to 10Xppm, and in-device DL and / or UL amplification. The device's UL transmission is backscattered on an externally provided carrier. There is no independent signal generation; it has a power amplifier (PA), and the stored energy can be used to amplify the reflected signal.

[0085] Device2b (Third Device Type): Peak power consumption ≤ several hundred μW, with energy storage, initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) up to 10Xppm, and in-device DL and / or UL amplification. The device's UL transmission is generated internally. It features a power amplifier (PA) with independent signal generation.

[0086] It can be seen that different types of IoT devices have different peak power consumption, which means their signal coverage ranges differ. In this embodiment, types 2a and 2b have longer signal coverage ranges. Furthermore, both types 2a and 2b include power amplifiers, thus enabling frequency adjustment. Further, it can be seen that type 2b does not require an external carrier signal, therefore it has better frequency adjustment capability and a wider frequency adjustment range.

[0087] In this embodiment, the IoT device and the access network device can communicate via a direct connection, as shown in Figure 1. In this case, the distance between the IoT device and the access network device is generally short, for example, both are installed indoors in a small space.

[0088] In another implementation, IoT devices can connect to access network devices through an intermediate node. This intermediate node is an electronic device with reader functionality that can communicate with the base station via the network. Figure 2 illustrates another environmental IoT system, which includes an outdoor base station, an intermediate node, and a device (the reader). The reader communicates with the device via radio frequency signals, and with the outdoor base station via a network. This approach is suitable when the distance between the IoT device and the access network device is far, exceeding the signal coverage range of the IoT device. Adding an intermediate node forms a relay.

[0089] In this embodiment, the intermediate node can be a device that supports 5G NR, such as a mobile phone.

[0090] It should be understood that the architecture of the environmental IoT system shown in Figures 1 and 2 can be implemented in other ways, and Figures 1 and 2 above are only illustrative examples.

[0091] The following describes the information transmission scenarios for the three types of devices based on whether the excitation source CW is located inside the base station, as shown in Figure 12. Here, R represents the Reader, which can be a base station or an intermediate node (mobile phone); D represents the Ambient IoT device; and CW represents the node that provides an external carrier to the device for backscattering. The CW can be external or the Reader itself. R2D represents downlink (Reader to Device), D2R represents uplink (Device to Reader), and CW2D represents external carrier to Device.

[0092] In this embodiment of the application, the excitation source of IoT devices of device1 and device2a is CW, which can be set up together with the reader, as shown in Figure 12(a) and (b). CW and reader1 (referred to as R) are integrated in the access network device. When an external carrier is provided, the access network device undertakes the function of CW. When communicating with device (referred to as D), the access network device undertakes the function of R.

[0093] As shown in Figure 12(a), when the access network device performs the CW function, its downlink is indicated by the arrow corresponding to CW2D in Figure 12(a); when the access network device performs the communication function, its downlink is indicated by the arrow corresponding to R2D in Figure 12(a). When D performs uplink transmission, its uplink is indicated by the arrow corresponding to D2R in Figure 12(a).

[0094] As shown in Figure 12(b), it includes one device and two readers, denoted as R1 and R2 respectively. The device can communicate with both R1 and R2. That is to say, in this scheme, not only can one reader be connected to multiple devices, but one device can also be connected to more than one reader.

[0095] When R1 performs the CW function, its downlink is shown by the arrow corresponding to CW2D in Figure 12(b); when R1 performs the communication function, its downlink is shown by the arrow corresponding to R2D in Figure 12(b). As can be seen from Figure 12(b), the device selected R2 for uplink transmission, and its uplink is shown by the arrow corresponding to D2R in Figure 12(b).

[0096] In this embodiment, the device can choose to connect to a reader that is closer to it, and the implementation process can be referred to the description below. Figure 12(b) shows that the device selects R2, which is closer to it, for connection.

[0097] In this embodiment, the excitation source CW can be set separately from the reader, as shown in Figure 12(c). CW sends an external carrier signal to D, and its downlink is shown as CW2D in Figure 12(c). Then, D transmits an uplink signal to R via backscattering, and its uplink is shown as the arrow corresponding to D2R in Figure 12(c). When R sends a downlink signal to D, its downlink is shown as the arrow corresponding to R2D in Figure 12(c).

[0098] In this embodiment, for IoT devices of the device2b type, no external excitation source (CW) is required. In this case, the interaction process between the device and the reader can be shown as in Figure 12(d). When the access network device performs the communication function, its downlink is shown by the arrow corresponding to R2D in Figure 12(d). When the device sends an uplink signal to the reader, the uplink is shown by the arrow corresponding to D2R in Figure 12(d).

[0099] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the uplink power of device1 and device2a to the reader is also related to the distance from the CW node to the device.

[0100] In cases where the CW and the reader are not nodes, neither the reader nor the device knows the exact location of the CW. When the CW is far from the device, the carrier signal sent by the CW to the device may be weak, and the power of the device's backscattering, i.e., the D2R power, may also be weak. In this case, even if the device is actually very close to the reader, it may still be judged as far away.

[0101] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a proximity determination processing scheme, wherein proximity determination is used to determine whether the device is close to the reader, and the reader performs this determination process. In this scheme, the access network device can perform proximity determination, obtain a proximity indication, and notify the device of the proximity indication. On the one hand, the device can adjust its own transmission power according to the proximity indication. For example, when the proximity indication indicates that the distance is relatively short, the device can appropriately reduce the transmission power to reduce power consumption. When the proximity indication indicates that the distance is relatively far, the device can increase the transmission power to increase the probability that the reader receives the signal.

[0102] Additionally, the device can perform access selection based on proximity indication. Access selection means that the device decides which reader to connect to. Once the device has determined which reader to connect to, it no longer needs to respond to signals sent by other readers. Therefore, proximity determination can avoid the device responding too much to different readers' disk storage and command commands, saving device power consumption and avoiding interference with readers, similar to the concept of a cell.

[0103] It should be understood that the embodiments in this application are only illustrative of several information transmission scenarios, and there are other information transmission scenarios not shown.

[0104] The solutions proposed in this application can be applied to the following scenarios:

[0105] Indoor & outdoor inventory management, indoor & outdoor sensor data acquisition, indoor & outdoor positioning, indoor & outdoor command control, etc.

[0106] The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0107] Please refer to Figure 3, which shows a schematic interaction diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. Each step of the method will now be described in detail.

[0108] In this embodiment, the communication method is described using the IoT device and access network device described above as examples. As an example and not a limitation, the execution entity for this communication method can also be the chip of the corresponding IoT device and the chip of the corresponding access network device.

[0109] In S302, the access network device sends the first message to the IoT device.

[0110] The first message is used by the IoT device to determine the resources to use when sending the second message to the access network device.

[0111] In this embodiment, the access network device sends a first message in the form of a radio frequency signal when a response from an IoT device is required. Scenarios requiring a response from an IoT device include, for example, inventorying, locating, and controlling IoT devices or materials equipped with IoT devices, and obtaining temperature and humidity information.

[0112] The resources used by the IoT device when sending the second message include frequency domain resources and time domain resources. Based on this, the first message may contain configured frequency domain resources and / or time domain resources, or the first message may contain parameters for indicating frequency domain resources and / or time domain resources, or the first message may contain a set of frequency domain resources and / or a set of time domain resources for the IoT device to select.

[0113] In one implementation, the first message can indicate one or more candidate timing sets.

[0114] In one implementation, the first message includes time-domain resource indication information, which may be, for example, time-domain indication parameters, and there may be one or more time-domain indication parameters.

[0115] Optionally, the time-domain resource indication information may indicate a set of candidate timings, where the set of candidate timings refers to a set of multiple consecutive candidate timings in the time domain.

[0116] Optionally, the time-domain resource indication information can indicate one or more candidate timing sets.

[0117] Optionally, the multiple candidate timing sets can be divided by the access network device based on grouping multiple IoT devices with which it has established connections, or based on other division rules. Optionally, the multiple candidate timing sets can be divided based on the device type of the IoT devices. Optionally, the multiple candidate timing sets can be divided based on the transmit power range of the IoT devices. Optionally, the multiple candidate timing sets can be divided based on both the device type of the IoT devices and the transmit power range of the IoT devices.

[0118] In another implementation, the first message includes time-domain resource indication information and frequency-domain resource indication information. The explanation of the time-domain resource indication information can be found in the above description. The frequency-domain resource indication information can be, for example, frequency-domain indication parameters, and there can be one or more frequency-domain indication parameters.

[0119] In one implementation, the first message may also indicate one or more frequency domain resource sets.

[0120] Optionally, the frequency domain resource indication information can indicate a set of frequency domain resources, where a set of frequency domain resources refers to a frequency band containing multiple consecutive frequency domain resources.

[0121] Optionally, the frequency domain resource indication information can indicate one or more frequency domain resource sets.

[0122] Optionally, the multiple frequency domain resource sets can be partitioned by the access network device based on groups of multiple IoT devices connected to it, or based on other partitioning rules. Optionally, the multiple frequency domain resource sets can be partitioned based on the device type of the IoT devices. Optionally, the multiple frequency domain resource sets can be partitioned based on the transmit power range of the IoT devices. Optionally, the multiple frequency domain resource sets can be partitioned based on both the device type and the transmit power range of the IoT devices. Optionally, isolation bands can be set between the multiple frequency domain resource sets.

[0123] In this embodiment of the application, the time-domain resource indication information and frequency-domain resource indication information included in the first message can be freely set according to requirements.

[0124] For example, the first message includes time-domain resource indication information indicating a time-domain indication parameter, and frequency-domain resource indication information indicating multiple frequency-domain indication parameters. The set of frequency-domain resources indicated by these multiple frequency-domain indication parameters can be classified based on the device type of the IoT device.

[0125] For example, the first message includes time-domain resource indication information indicating multiple candidate timing sets, and frequency-domain resource indication information indicating multiple frequency-domain resource sets. These multiple candidate timing sets can be divided based on the device type of the IoT device, and these multiple frequency-domain resource sets can be divided based on the transmit power range of the IoT device.

[0126] In this embodiment of the application, the specific implementations of the time-domain resource indication information and the frequency-domain resource indication information in the first message are not exhaustively listed, and any combination of implementations falls within the protection scope of this solution.

[0127] In one implementation, the access network device may establish a connection with the IoT device before sending the first message to the IoT device. This embodiment may also include step S301.

[0128] In S301, the access network device sends a paging-like message.

[0129] Among them, the paging message includes the identifier of the access network device, which is used to trigger the IoT device to determine whether to respond to the first message mentioned above.

[0130] In this embodiment of the application, the access network device can send paging-like messages in the form of radio frequency signals.

[0131] In one implementation, the access network device can first send a paging-like message, and then send the first message after receiving a response message from the IoT device to the paging-like message.

[0132] In another implementation, the access network device can first send a paging-like message, but does not need to pay attention to whether it receives a response message from the IoT device, and can directly send the first message.

[0133] In another implementation, the access network device can simultaneously send paging-like messages and the first message.

[0134] In S303, the IoT device responds to the first message sent by the access network device to determine the target access timing and the first frequency domain resources, and sends a second message to the access network device based on the target access timing and the first frequency domain resources.

[0135] In this embodiment of the application, after receiving the first message, the IoT device can first determine whether to respond to the first message.

[0136] In one implementation, IoT devices can respond indiscriminately to any first message received, without needing to consider whether a connection has been established with an access network device.

[0137] In another implementation, the IoT device can respond to the first message if a connection is established with the access network device, and not respond to the first message if a connection is not established.

[0138] The methods for establishing connections between IoT devices and access network devices may include:

[0139] An IoT device receives a paging-like message from an access network device. Based on the access network device's identifier carried in the paging-like message, it determines whether the access network device matches the IoT device. If they match, the IoT device can send a response message to the access network device to establish a connection. Alternatively, if they match, the IoT device will automatically determine whether to establish a connection without responding. If they do not match, no connection will be established, and the IoT device will not respond to the first message.

[0140] The process by which an IoT device determines whether it matches an access network device based on the identifier of the access network device carried in a paging message can be as follows: The IoT device may store a string that matches itself. By comparing the identifier of the access network device with this string, it is determined whether the two are consistent or related. If they are consistent or related, it means that the access network device matches the IoT device. If they are inconsistent or not related, it means that they do not match.

[0141] In this embodiment of the application, when the IoT device determines that it is responding to the first message, the IoT device can parse the first message to determine the target access timing and the first frequency domain resources.

[0142] In one implementation, the first message may include configured frequency domain resources and / or time domain resources. In this case, the IoT device can determine the configured time domain resource as the target access timing, and / or determine the configured frequency domain resource as the first frequency domain resource. The access timing can refer to a time slot.

[0143] In another implementation, the IoT device can determine a set of candidate access opportunities based on the first message, and then determine the target access opportunity from the set of candidate access opportunities. At the same time, the IoT device can select any available frequency domain resource as the first frequency domain resource based on its own operating frequency band.

[0144] For example, if the first message indicates a set of candidate access times, which can be represented as [slot0~slot3], then the IoT device can select slot2 as the target access time from [slot0~slot3].

[0145] In another implementation, the first message indicates multiple timing sets. The access network device can manage IoT devices in groups, with different timing sets corresponding to IoT devices within different groups. An IoT device can determine a candidate timing set from these multiple timing sets based on its own group.

[0146] In another implementation, the IoT device can determine a set of candidate access opportunities based on a first message, the device type of the IoT device, and / or its maximum transmit power, and then determine the target access opportunity from this set of candidate access opportunities. Simultaneously, the IoT device can select any available frequency domain resource as its first frequency domain resource based on its own operating frequency band.

[0147] For example, if the first message indicates multiple timing sets, which are divided based on device type and / or transmit power range, then the IoT device can determine the candidate timing set from the first message based on its own device type and / or maximum transmit power.

[0148] In another implementation, the first message includes time-domain resource indication information, which indicates one or more candidate timing sets. These candidate timing sets can be divided based on device type and / or transmit power range.

[0149] IoT devices can determine a target candidate timing set from one or more candidate timing sets based on their own device type and / or maximum transmit power; then, they can determine the target access timing from the target candidate timing set. Simultaneously, IoT devices can select any available frequency domain resource as their first frequency domain resource based on their own operating frequency band.

[0150] Optionally, the time-domain resource indication information can be a parameter value. The IoT device can calculate the parameter value based on pre-set rules to determine one or more candidate timing sets indicated by the time-domain resource indication information.

[0151] For example, if the parameter value corresponding to the time domain resource indication information is 2, two candidate timing sets can be determined by calculating this time domain indication parameter according to pre-set rules. These two candidate timing sets are, for example, [slot0~slot3][slot4~slot8]. Then, the IoT device can select one of these two candidate timing sets as the target candidate timing set based on its own device type and / or maximum transmit power.

[0152] For example, if the parameter value corresponding to the time domain resource indication information is 2A, two candidate timing sets can be determined by calculating this time domain indication parameter through pre-set rules. These two candidate timing sets are, for example, [slot0~slot3][slot4~slot8]. A indicates that these two candidate timing sets are based on device type. Therefore, IoT devices can select one of the two candidate timing sets as the target candidate timing set based on their own device type.

[0153] Optionally, the time-domain resource indication information may include multiple time-domain indication parameters, which are used to determine one or more candidate timing sets.

[0154] The IoT device determines a target time domain indication parameter from multiple time domain indication parameters based on the IoT device type and / or maximum transmit power. The target time domain indication parameter includes two adjacent time domain indication parameters. The time domain range is determined based on the target time domain indication parameter, and the target candidate timing set is determined based on the time domain range.

[0155] For example, multiple time-domain indication parameters are represented by Q1, Q2, and Q3, where each time-domain indication parameter is divided based on the device type and / or transmit power range. For example, Q1 corresponds to the first device type, Q2 corresponds to the second device type, and Q3 corresponds to the third device type.

[0156] When the IoT device is of device type 1, the IoT device can select the target time domain indication parameter (Q1) from the three time domain indication parameters, and then calculate based on Q1, for example, [0, 2]. Q1 ), of which 2 Q1 Indicates the candidate timing number, based on 0 to 2 within this time domain interval. Q1 The candidate timings are composed of several candidate timings to form the target candidate timing set.

[0157] When the IoT device is of device type 2, the IoT device can select the target time domain indication parameter (Q1, Q2) from the three time domain indication parameters. In this case, the target time domain indication parameter includes two adjacent time domain indication parameters. Then, the time domain interval is calculated for the target time domain indication parameter, for example [2]. Q1 ,2 Q2 Based on the 2 in this time domain interval Q1 to 2 Q2 The candidate timings are composed of several candidate timings to form the target candidate timing set.

[0158] Based on the above embodiments, in this application embodiment, the IoT device can also determine a candidate timing set and a frequency domain resource set according to the first message, then determine the target access timing from the candidate timing set, and determine the first frequency domain resource from the frequency domain resource set.

[0159] The content of the IoT device determining the candidate timing set based on the first message can be referred to the description above, and will not be repeated here.

[0160] In this embodiment of the application, the process by which the IoT device determines the frequency domain resource set based on the first message may include the following implementation methods:

[0161] In one implementation, the IoT device can determine a set of frequency domain resources based on a first message, and then determine a first frequency domain resource from that set. Simultaneously, the IoT device can determine the target access timing using any of the implementations disclosed above.

[0162] The first message can directly indicate a set of frequency domain resources, which can be represented as [f1-f8], where f1 and f8 refer to 8 frequency domain resources. The IoT device can then select one of [f1-f8] as the first frequency domain resource.

[0163] In another implementation, the first message indicates multiple frequency domain sets. The access network device can manage IoT devices in groups, with different frequency domain sets corresponding to IoT devices within different groups. An IoT device can determine its frequency domain resource set from these multiple sets based on its own group.

[0164] In another implementation, the IoT device can determine a set of frequency domain resources based on a first message, the IoT device's device type, and / or maximum transmit power, and then determine a first frequency domain resource from that set of frequency domain resources.

[0165] For example, if the first message indicates multiple frequency domain sets, which are divided based on device type and / or transmit power range, then the IoT device can determine the frequency domain resource set from the first message based on its own device type and / or maximum transmit power.

[0166] In another implementation, the first message includes frequency domain resource indication information, which indicates one or more frequency domain resource sets. These multiple frequency domain resource sets can be divided based on device type and / or transmit power range.

[0167] IoT devices can determine the target frequency domain resource set from one or more frequency domain resource sets based on their own device type and / or maximum transmit power; and then determine the first frequency domain resource from the target frequency domain resource set.

[0168] Optionally, the frequency domain resource indication information can be a parameter value. The IoT device can calculate the parameter value based on pre-set rules to determine one or more sets of frequency domain resources indicated by the frequency domain resource indication information.

[0169] For example, if the parameter value corresponding to the frequency domain resource indication information is 4, four frequency domain resource sets can be determined by calculating this frequency domain indication parameter according to pre-set rules. These four frequency domain resource sets are, for example, [f1-f8], [f9-f16], [f17-f24], and [f25-f32]. Then, the IoT device can select one of these four frequency domain resource sets as the target frequency domain resource set based on its own device type and / or maximum transmit power.

[0170] For example, if the parameter value corresponding to the frequency domain resource indication information is 3B, three frequency domain resource sets can be determined by calculating this frequency domain indication parameter through pre-set rules. These three frequency domain resource sets are, for example, [f1-f8], [f9-f16], and [f17-f24]. B indicates that these three frequency domain resource sets are divided based on the transmission power range. Therefore, IoT devices can select one of the three frequency domain resource sets as the target frequency domain resource set based on the transmission power range in which their maximum transmission power is located.

[0171] Optionally, the frequency domain resource indication information may include multiple frequency domain indication parameters, which are used to determine one or more frequency domain resource sets.

[0172] The IoT device determines the target frequency domain indication parameter from multiple frequency domain indication parameters based on the IoT device type and / or maximum transmit power. The target frequency domain indication parameter includes two adjacent frequency domain indication parameters. The frequency domain range is determined based on the target frequency domain indication parameter, and the target frequency domain resource set is determined based on the frequency domain range.

[0173] For example, multiple frequency domain indication parameters are represented by f1, f2, and f3, where each frequency domain indication parameter is divided based on the device type and / or transmit power range. For example, the transmit power range corresponding to f1 is represented as class1, the transmit power range corresponding to f2 is represented as class2, and the transmit power range corresponding to f3 is represented as class3.

[0174] When the maximum transmit power of the IoT device is in the class 3 transmit power range, the IoT device can select the target frequency domain indicator parameter (f2, f3) from the three frequency domain indicator parameters, and then calculate the frequency resource range based on (f2, f3), for example, [rb1, rb2). Based on this frequency resource range, which is the target frequency domain resource set, the IoT device can determine the first frequency resource from the target frequency domain resource set [rb1, rb2).

[0175] In this embodiment of the application, after the IoT device determines the target access timing and the first frequency resource, it can send a second message to the access network device with its maximum transmission power based on the target access timing and the first frequency resource.

[0176] In this embodiment of the application, the content carried in the second message is different under different circumstances.

[0177] In one implementation, the second message includes the first identifier.

[0178] In another implementation, the second message includes a first identifier and first information, wherein the first information includes the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device, and the maximum transmit power may also refer to the power range in which the maximum transmit power is located.

[0179] In other words, the first piece of information can also include the device type of the IoT device and / or the power range in which its maximum transmit power falls. Reporting the power range, in particular, requires fewer bits and can save on the resource overhead of the second message.

[0180] The first identifier is related to the identifier of the IoT device, and the first identifier can be determined based on the identifier of the IoT device.

[0181] If the first message indicates multiple candidate timing sets and / or multiple frequency domain resource sets, or the time domain resource indication information included in the first message indicates multiple candidate timing sets and / or the frequency domain resource indication information included in the first message indicates multiple frequency domain resource sets, or the time domain indication parameters included in the time domain resource indication information indicate multiple candidate timing sets and / or the frequency domain indication parameters included in the frequency domain resource indication information indicate multiple frequency domain resource sets, then the second message may contain only the first identifier.

[0182] This is because, in these cases, the access network device has already pre-configured the corresponding device type and / or transmit power range for each candidate timing set. Therefore, when the IoT device sends the second message based on the target access timing and / or the first frequency resource, it implicitly indicates its own device type and / or the transmit power range where its maximum transmit power is located. Thus, the IoT device does not need to carry this first information in the second message.

[0183] In another implementation, if the first message only indicates a candidate timing set and / or a frequency domain resource set, or the time domain resource indication information included in the first message indicates a candidate timing set and / or a frequency domain resource set, or the time domain indication parameters included in the time domain resource indication information indicate a candidate timing set and / or the frequency domain indication parameters included in the frequency domain resource indication information indicate a frequency domain resource set, then the second message needs to report the first information and the first identifier to the access network device.

[0184] In S304, the access network device sends a third message to the IoT device based on the second message.

[0185] The third message is used by the IoT device to determine the frequency resources and power to use when sending the fourth message to the access network device.

[0186] In this embodiment, after receiving the second message, the access network device needs to parse it. In practical applications, one access network device can correspond to multiple IoT devices, and these multiple IoT devices may send the second message using the same time-domain and frequency-domain resources. In this case, the access network device may fail to parse the message.

[0187] When the access network device fails to resolve the message, it cannot identify the IoT device that sent the second message, resulting in the IoT device failing to connect. Consequently, the access network device does not need to send the third message.

[0188] In this embodiment of the application, the access network device parses the second message. When the parsing is successful, the access network device can obtain the first identifier. The first identifier is used to identify the identity of the IoT device. When the access network device sends the fourth message, it will attach the first identifier to the fourth message so that the IoT device can identify the resources configured by the access network device for the IoT device in the fourth message.

[0189] In this embodiment of the application, when the second message includes the first identifier, the access network device can obtain at least one of the access timing, transmission power and transmission frequency used by the IoT device when sending the second message during the process of receiving the second message. Then, the access network device can determine the device type and / or maximum transmission power of the IoT device according to at least one of the access timing, transmission power and transmission frequency, and then generate the third message according to the device type and / or maximum transmission power of the IoT device.

[0190] Optionally, the access network device may determine the device type and / or maximum transmission power of the IoT device by combining the first message with at least one of the obtained access timing, transmission power, and transmission frequency.

[0191] In this embodiment of the application, when the second message includes a first identifier and first information, the access network device can generate a third message based on the device type and / or maximum transmit power contained in the first information.

[0192] Optionally, the third message includes at least one of proximity indication information, frequency domain resource information, and power control information; the proximity indication is used to characterize the communication distance between the IoT device and the access network device. The frequency domain resource information includes any one of frequency range, frequency value, and frequency offset. The power control information also includes any one of power range, power value, and power change.

[0193] In this embodiment, the process by which the access network device generates a third message based on the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device may include: the access network device determining a proximity indication based on the maximum transmit power of the IoT device or the transmit power range in which the maximum transmit power of the IoT device falls; and / or the access network device determining frequency domain resource information based on the transmit power corresponding to the second messages received based on adjacent frequency domain resources within the same access time; and / or the access network device determining power control information based on the actual transmit power corresponding to the second messages received based on adjacent frequency domain resources within the same access time. Then, the access network device generates a third message based on at least one of the proximity indication information, frequency domain resource information, and power control information.

[0194] It should be noted that the access network device can receive second messages from multiple IoT devices. For example, there are three IoT devices, denoted as IoT1, IoT2, and IoT3. IoT1 is a second-type device with a maximum transmit power of 5 dBm and a transmit frequency of rb2; IoT2 is a second-type device with a maximum transmit power of 10 dBm and a transmit frequency of rb1; and IoT3 is a third-type device with a maximum transmit power of 20 dBm and a transmit frequency of rb3. rb1, rb2, and rb3 are consecutive and adjacent frequency points.

[0195] In this scenario, because IoT3 has a higher maximum transmit power, and the difference between its maximum transmit power and that of IoT1 is significant, and their transmit frequencies are adjacent, the second message sent by IoT1, and potentially the fourth message in the future, are easily interfered with by the second message sent by IoT3. In this situation, the access network device can manage the power of IoT3 and / or IoT1 through power control information to reduce the likelihood of interference. The access network device can adjust the power of IoT3 and IoT1 when sending the fourth message using power control information and / or proximity indication in the third message. This solution ensures that IoT devices using adjacent frequency resources have similar power levels during the access process through power control, avoiding interference and improving the access success rate.

[0196] Optionally, the third message can be a single message that includes the resource configurations required by multiple IoT devices.

[0197] Optionally, the third message may include multiple messages, each corresponding independently to the resource configuration required by an IoT device.

[0198] In this embodiment, the access network device needs to reply with a third message to multiple IoT devices. The corresponding information for each IoT device includes a proximity indication, frequency domain resource information used in subsequent messages (e.g., a fourth message), and power control information.

[0199] 1. Proximity indication can be near, far, or no further response required. When no response is required, frequency domain resource information and power control information are not needed.

[0200] 2. Frequency domain resource information is used to indicate the frequency domain resources used by subsequent messages (e.g., the fourth message).

[0201] 3. Power control information can be a power range indication or delta power (bound to device type), where delta power can be bound to device type. Alternatively, power control information can be omitted, allowing the IoT device to adjust the transmission power of subsequent messages based on proximity indication.

[0202] In S305, the IoT device determines the second frequency resource and target power based on the third message sent by the access network device, and sends a fourth message to the access network device based on the second frequency resource and target power.

[0203] The fourth message includes a second identifier, which can be the identity identifier of the IoT device.

[0204] In this embodiment, if the access network device correctly parses the second message sent by the IoT device, it will send a third message to the IoT device. In this case, the IoT device can receive the third message.

[0205] If the access network device cannot parse the second message sent by the IoT device, it will not send the third message to the IoT device. In this case, the IoT device needs to wait for the access network device to send the next first message, that is, to re-enter the next access process, as shown in Figure 5(b), and repeat the above S302 and S303 until it receives the third message.

[0206] In this embodiment of the application, the process by which an IoT device determines that it has received a third message includes: the IoT device parses the received third message; if the first identifier corresponding to the IoT device is found in the parsing result, it is determined that the third message has been received. If the first identifier corresponding to the IoT device is not found in the parsing result, it indicates that the third message has not been received.

[0207] In this embodiment of the application, the IoT device can determine the target power based on proximity indication information and / or power control information; and / or, the IoT device can determine the second frequency resource based on frequency domain resource information.

[0208] In this embodiment of the application, the IoT device can adjust the IoT transmission power to the target power on the second frequency domain resource (specified frequency resource) when the target access time is reached, thereby sending the fourth message.

[0209] In another implementation, the proximity indicator can be "near," "far," or "no further response." If no response is received, no frequency resources or power control indication are needed. The IoT device can determine this based on the proximity indicator. If it determines there are other, more nearby access network devices, the IoT device can report a request to the more distant access network device to no longer connect (similar to registering). Upon receiving the request, the more distant access network device can confirm it. In this way, the IoT device can then stop connecting to the more distant access network device.

[0210] In this implementation scheme, IoT devices select appropriate access network devices to connect, saving power consumption, achieving a cell-like effect, and improving system capacity.

[0211] In this embodiment, the access network device sends a first message to the IoT device. The IoT device, in response to the first message, determines a target access timing and a first frequency domain resource, and sends a second message to the access network device based on the target access timing and the first frequency domain resource. The access network device generates a third message based on the second message and sends it to the IoT device. The IoT device determines a second frequency resource and / or a target power based on the third message, and sends a fourth message to the access network device based on the second frequency resource and / or the target power. The fourth message carries an IoT device identifier. In this solution, the access network device can configure transmission resources for different IoT devices. Therefore, during the configuration phase, potential conflicts or interference during the uplink transmission of various IoT devices can be avoided. This makes it less likely for the IoT device to conflict with or be infected by other IoT devices when sending the second or fourth message, thus improving the connection success rate between the IoT device and the access network device.

[0212] The embodiments of this application will be described below in conjunction with application scenarios.

[0213] Implementation Plan 1

[0214] Please refer to Figure 4, which shows a signaling interaction diagram of a communication method, which includes:

[0215] Step 401: The access network device sends a paging-like message.

[0216] Among them, the paging-like message carries the identifier of the access network device.

[0217] Step 402: The IoT device receives a paging message and confirms that it matches the access network device.

[0218] Step 403: The access network device sends the first message.

[0219] The first message is used by the IoT device to determine the resources to use when sending the second message to the access network device.

[0220] The first message includes a time-domain indicator parameter, which is one parameter.

[0221] Step 404: The IoT device receives the first message, determines the target access timing and the first frequency domain resources based on the first message, and sends the second message to the access network device based on the target access timing and the first frequency domain resources.

[0222] The second message includes a first identifier and first information. The first information includes the device type and / or maximum transmission power of the IoT device. The first information may also include the transmission power range in which the device type and / or maximum transmission power of the IoT device are located.

[0223] Step 405: The access network device receives the second message and determines the third message based on the second message.

[0224] The third message includes at least one of proximity indication information, frequency domain resource information, and power control information.

[0225] Step 406: The IoT device determines the second frequency resource and target power based on the third message, and sends the fourth message based on the second frequency resource and target power.

[0226] In this embodiment, the IoT device carries first information in the second message, enabling the access network device to allocate frequency resources and perform power control for the IoT device in the third message. In subsequent message transmissions, the IoT device adjusts its power on the specified frequency resources and reports a fourth message in the target access time slot, thus completing its access to the access network device.

[0227] Implementation Plan Two

[0228] Please refer to Figures 5 and 6. Figure 5 shows a signaling interaction diagram of a communication method, and Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of an access process.

[0229] As shown in Figure 5(a), in an access process, the communication method includes the following steps.

[0230] Step 501: The access network device sends a paging-like message.

[0231] Among them, the paging-like message carries the identifier of the access network device.

[0232] Step 502: The IoT device receives a paging message and confirms that it matches the access network device.

[0233] Step 503: The access network device sends the first message.

[0234] The first message is used by the IoT device to determine the resources to use when sending the second message to the access network device.

[0235] The first message indicates multiple candidate timing sets, which are divided based on the device type and / or transmit power range of the IoT device.

[0236] Step 504: The IoT device receives the first message, determines the target access timing and the first frequency domain resources based on the first message, and sends the second message to the access network device based on the target access timing and the first frequency domain resources.

[0237] The second message includes the first identifier.

[0238] IoT devices determine the target access opportunity and / or first frequency domain resources from a set of multiple candidate opportunities based on device type and / or maximum transmit power.

[0239] Step 505: The access network device receives the second message and determines the third message based on the second message.

[0240] The third message includes at least one of proximity indication information, frequency domain resource information, and power control information.

[0241] During the process of receiving the second message, the access network device detects the access timing, frequency domain resources, and transmit power used by the second message. Based on the obtained access timing, frequency domain resources, and transmit power used by the second message, the third message is determined.

[0242] Step 506: The IoT device determines the second frequency resource and target power based on the third message, and sends the fourth message based on the second frequency resource and target power.

[0243] It should be noted that in this embodiment of the application, there are multiple access processes, as shown in Figure 5(b). There will be multiple access processes for IoT devices that failed to access in the previous access process to access again.

[0244] In this embodiment, after receiving the fourth message, the access network device exhibits the result shown in Figure 6. Specifically, slot 1 contains four IoT devices of type 1, or IoT devices with a high maximum transmit power, such as those exceeding a preset first power threshold. Slot X contains four IoT devices of type 2, or IoT devices with a low maximum transmit power, such as those below a preset second power threshold. The second power threshold is lower than the first power threshold.

[0245] In this scheme, a round includes multiple occasions (slots). The access network device can indicate multiple Q values ​​(Q1, Q2, Q3) based on the device type and maximum transmit power range of the IoT device. The IoT device can randomly select a slot to transmit within the time domain interval based on the device type and / or maximum transmit power (or maximum transmit power range), for example [2]. Q1 ,2 Q2 Randomly select a slot to send.

[0246] This solution achieves an effect similar to the following: different IoT devices access the access network device in different time-domain resources (slots) based on their device type and maximum transmission power.

[0247] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, this scheme can be extended to use different rounds for transmission.

[0248] For example, different round configurations can be configured with specific device types and / or specific transmit power ranges. After receiving the first message, the IoT device determines whether to respond to the first message based on its own device type and / or maximum transmit power (or range).

[0249] If the IoT device's device type and / or maximum transmit power (or range) match the specific device type and / or specific transmit power range corresponding to "round" in the first message, then the device responds to the first message. If they do not match, the device continues to wait for the next first message.

[0250] Implementation Plan 3

[0251] Please refer to Figures 7 and 8. Figure 7 shows a signaling interaction diagram of a communication method, and Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of an access process.

[0252] Step 701: The access network device sends a paging-like message.

[0253] Among them, the paging-like message carries the identifier of the access network device.

[0254] Step 702: The IoT device receives a paging message and confirms that it matches the access network device.

[0255] Step 703: The access network device sends the first message.

[0256] The first message is used by the IoT device to determine the resources to use when sending the second message to the access network device.

[0257] The first message indicates multiple frequency domain resource sets. These multiple frequency domain resource sets are divided based on the device type and / or transmit power range of the IoT device.

[0258] Step 704: The IoT device receives the first message, determines the target access timing and the first frequency domain resources based on the first message, and sends the second message to the access network device based on the target access timing and the first frequency domain resources.

[0259] The second message includes the first identifier.

[0260] IoT devices determine the target access timing and / or the first frequency domain resource from multiple frequency domain resource sets based on device type and / or maximum transmit power.

[0261] Step 705: The access network device receives the second message and determines the third message based on the second message.

[0262] The third message includes at least one of proximity indication information, frequency domain resource information, and power control information.

[0263] During the process of receiving the second message, the access network device detects the access timing, frequency domain resources, and transmit power used by the second message. Based on the obtained access timing, frequency domain resources, and transmit power used by the second message, the third message is determined.

[0264] Step 706: The IoT device determines the second frequency resource and target power based on the third message, and sends the fourth message based on the second frequency resource and target power.

[0265] In this embodiment of the application, a round includes multiple occasions (slots), and each occasion includes multiple frequency resources. The access network device can indicate multiple frequency resource intervals (rb1, rb2, rb3) according to the device type and maximum transmit power interval of the IoT device. The IoT device can randomly select frequency resources within the frequency resource interval to transmit according to the device type and / or maximum transmit power (or maximum transmit power interval), for example, randomly selecting rb1 to transmit from [rb1, rb2).

[0266] In this embodiment of the application, after receiving the fourth message, the access network device exhibits the result shown in Figure 8. This scheme achieves an effect similar to the following: different IoT devices access different frequency domain resources (rb) according to their device type and maximum transmission power. Specifically, the device types and maximum transmission powers of the four IoT devices accessing in slot 1 are also different, as are the device types and maximum transmission powers of the four IoT devices accessing in slot X.

[0267] Implementation Plan 4

[0268] Please refer to Figure 9, which shows a signaling interaction diagram of a communication method.

[0269] Step 901: The access network device sends a paging-like message.

[0270] Among them, the paging-like message carries the identifier of the access network device.

[0271] Step 902: The IoT device receives a paging message and confirms that it matches the access network device.

[0272] Step 903: The access network device sends the first message.

[0273] The first message is used by the IoT device to determine the resources to use when sending the second message to the access network device.

[0274] The first message indicates multiple candidate timing sets and multiple frequency domain resource sets. The multiple frequency domain resource sets are divided based on the device type and / or transmit power range of the IoT devices, and the multiple candidate timing sets are also divided based on the device type and / or transmit power range of the IoT devices.

[0275] Step 904: The IoT device receives the first message, determines the target access timing and the first frequency domain resources based on the first message, and sends the second message to the access network device based on the target access timing and the first frequency domain resources.

[0276] The second message includes the first identifier.

[0277] IoT devices determine the target access opportunity and / or first frequency domain resource from multiple candidate opportunity sets and multiple frequency domain resource sets based on device type and / or maximum transmit power.

[0278] Step 905: The access network device receives the second message and determines the third message based on the second message.

[0279] The third message includes at least one of proximity indication information, frequency domain resource information, and power control information.

[0280] During the process of receiving the second message, the access network device detects the access timing, frequency domain resources, and transmit power used by the second message. Based on the obtained access timing, frequency domain resources, and transmit power used by the second message, the third message is determined.

[0281] Step 906: The IoT device determines the second frequency resource and target power based on the third message, and sends the fourth message based on the second frequency resource and target power.

[0282] In this embodiment of the application, a round includes multiple occasions (slots), and each occasion includes multiple frequency resources. The access network device can indicate multiple Q values ​​(Q1, Q2, Q3) based on the device type of the IoT device, and the access network device can indicate multiple frequency resource intervals (rb1, rb2, rb3) based on the maximum transmit power interval of the IoT device.

[0283] Among them, IoT devices can randomly select a slot to transmit within a time domain interval based on device type and / or maximum transmit power (or maximum transmit power range), for example [2] Q1 ,2 Q2 The device can randomly select a slot to transmit from. Furthermore, it can randomly select a frequency resource within the frequency resource range based on the device type and / or maximum transmit power (or maximum transmit power range), for example, [rb1, rb2) can randomly select rb1 to transmit from.

[0284] It is understood that, in order to achieve the functions in the above embodiments, the IoT device and access network device include hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to perform each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, based on the units and method steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this application, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application scenario and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0285] Figures 10 and 11 are schematic diagrams of possible communication devices provided in the embodiments of this application. These communication devices can be used to implement the functions of IoT devices or access network devices in the above method embodiments, and thus can also achieve the beneficial effects of the above method embodiments.

[0286] As shown in Figure 10, the IoT device 1000 includes a processing unit 1001 and a transceiver unit 1002. The IoT device 1000 is used to implement the functions of the IoT device in the above embodiments.

[0287] When the IoT device 1000 performs the functions in the above communication method: it receives a first message from an access network device, the first message being used by the IoT device to determine the resources to be used when sending a second message to the access network device; in response to the first message sent by the access network device, it determines a target access timing and a first frequency domain resource, and sends a second message to the access network device based on the target access timing and the first frequency domain resource, wherein the second message includes a first identifier, or includes the first identifier and first information, the first information including the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device; it receives a third message sent by the access network device, the third message being used by the IoT device to determine the frequency resources and power to be used when sending a fourth message to the access network device; the third message is determined by the access network device based on the second message; it determines a second frequency resource and / or a target power based on the third message sent by the access network device, and sends a fourth message to the access network device based on the second frequency resource and / or the target power.

[0288] For a more detailed description of the above-mentioned processing unit 1001 and transceiver unit 1002, please refer directly to the method shown in Figure 3, which will not be elaborated here.

[0289] As shown in Figure 11, the access network device 1100 includes a processing unit 1101 and a transceiver unit 1102. The access network device 1100 is used to implement the method shown in Figure 3 above.

[0290] When the access network device 1100 is used to implement the functions in the method embodiment shown in FIG3: it sends a first message to the IoT device, the first message being used by the IoT device to determine the resources used when sending a second message to the access network device; it receives a second message sent by the IoT device in response to the first message, wherein the second message includes a first identifier, or includes the first identifier and first information, the first information including the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device; it sends a third message to the IoT device based on the second message, the third message being used by the IoT device to determine the frequency resources and power used when sending a fourth message to the access network device; and it receives a fourth message sent by the IoT device based on the second frequency resources and target power determined by the third message.

[0291] A more detailed description of the above-mentioned processing unit 1101 and transceiver unit 1102 can be obtained directly from the relevant description in the method embodiment shown in Figure 3, and will not be repeated here.

[0292] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program including program instructions, which, when executed, implement the above-described communication method.

[0293] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer program code that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the above-described communication method.

[0294] It is understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0295] The method steps in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or by a processor executing software instructions. The software instructions can consist of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), registers, hard disks, portable hard disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. Alternatively, the ASIC can reside in a network device or terminal. Of course, the processor and storage medium can also exist as discrete components in a network device or terminal.

[0296] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are performed entirely or partially. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer program or instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted through the computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a DVD; or it can be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state disk (SSD).

[0297] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0298] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In the textual description of this application, the character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following related objects; in the formulas of this application, the character " / " indicates a "division" relationship between the preceding and following related objects.

[0299] It is understood that the various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the process numbers described above does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, The method is applied to IoT devices, and the method includes: Receive a first message, the first message being the resources used by the IoT device when sending a second message; In response to the first message, a second message is sent, wherein the second message includes a first identifier, or includes the first identifier and first information, wherein the first information includes the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device; A third message is received, which is used to determine the frequency resources and power used by the IoT device when sending the fourth message; the third message is determined by the access network device based on the second message. Based on the third message, a second frequency resource and / or target power are determined, and a fourth message is sent based on the second frequency resource and / or the target power.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The response to the first message to send the second message includes: Based on the first message, the device type of the IoT device, and / or the maximum transmit power, a candidate timing set consisting of multiple candidate timings is determined. The target access timing is determined from the candidate timing set, and the second message is sent based on the target access timing.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first message includes time-domain resource indication information, which indicates one or more candidate timing sets. The step of sending a second message in response to the first message includes: The target candidate timing set is determined from the one or more candidate timing sets based on the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device; The target access timing is determined from the target candidate timing set, and the second message is sent based on the target access timing.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The candidate timing set is a set of multiple candidate timings that are consecutive in the time domain.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The time-domain resource indication information includes multiple time-domain indication parameters, which are used to determine one or more candidate timing sets. The step of determining the target candidate timing set from the one or more candidate timing sets based on the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device includes: The target time domain indication parameter is determined from a plurality of time domain indication parameters based on the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device; The time domain range is determined based on the target time domain indication parameters, and the target candidate timing set is determined based on the time domain range.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The response to the first message to send the second message includes: Based on the first message, the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device, a set of frequency domain resources consisting of multiple candidate frequency domain resources is determined. The first frequency domain resource is determined from the set of frequency domain resources, and the second message is sent based on the first frequency domain resource.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first message includes frequency domain resource indication information, which indicates one or more frequency domain resource sets. The step of sending a second message in response to the first message includes: The target frequency domain resource set is determined from the one or more frequency domain resource sets based on the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device; The first frequency domain resource is determined from the target frequency domain resource set, and the second message is sent based on the first frequency domain resource.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The frequency domain resource set is a collection of multiple frequency domain resources that are consecutive in the frequency domain.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The frequency domain resource indication information includes multiple frequency domain indication parameters, which are used to determine one or more frequency domain resource sets. Determining the target frequency domain resource set from the one or more frequency domain resource sets based on the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device includes: The target frequency domain indication parameter is determined from a plurality of frequency domain indication parameters based on the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device; The frequency domain range is determined based on the target frequency domain indication parameters, and the target frequency domain resource set is determined based on the frequency domain range.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third message includes at least one of proximity indication information, frequency domain resource information, and power control information; the proximity indication is used to characterize the communication distance between the IoT device and the access network device; determining the second frequency resource and / or target power based on the third message includes: The target power is determined based on the proximity indication information and / or the power control information; and / or The second frequency resource is determined based on the frequency domain resource information.

11. The method according to any one of claims 10, characterized in that, The frequency domain resource information includes any one of frequency range, frequency value, and frequency offset.

12. The method according to any one of claims 10-11, characterized in that, The power control information also includes any one of the following: power range, power value, and power change.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, The method further includes responding before the second message is sent from the first message: Receive a paging-like message from the access network device, the paging-like message including the identifier of the access network device; Whether to respond to the first message is determined based on the identifier of the access network device.

14. A communication method, characterized in that, The method is applied to an access network device, and the method includes: Send a first message, which is used by the IoT device to send a second message; Receive a second message, which is sent by the IoT device in response to the first message. The second message includes a first identifier, or includes the first identifier and first information, whereby the first information includes the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device. In response to the second message, a third message is sent, the third message being used by the IoT device to determine the frequency resources and power to use when sending a fourth message to the access network device; A fourth message is received, which is sent by the IoT device based on a second frequency resource and / or a target power, wherein the second frequency resource and / or the target power is determined by the IoT device based on the third message.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The target access timing is determined by the IoT device from a candidate timing set, which is determined by the IoT device based on the first message, the device type of the IoT device, and / or the maximum transmit power. The candidate timing set includes multiple candidate timings.

16. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first message includes time-domain resource indication information, which indicates one or more candidate timing sets. The target access timing is determined by the IoT device from the target candidate timing set, which is determined by the IoT device from the one or more candidate timing sets based on the IoT device's device type and / or maximum transmit power.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that, The candidate timing set is a set of multiple candidate timings that are consecutive in the time domain.

18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that, The time-domain resource indication information includes multiple time-domain indication parameters, which are used to determine one or more candidate timing sets. The target candidate timing set is determined by the IoT device based on the time-domain range determined by the target time-domain indication parameter. The target time-domain indication parameter is determined by the IoT device from multiple time-domain indication parameters according to the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device.

19. The method according to any one of claims 14-18, characterized in that, The first frequency domain resource is determined by the IoT device from a set of frequency domain resources. The set of frequency domain resources is determined by the IoT device based on the first message, the device type of the IoT device, and / or the maximum transmit power. The set of frequency domain resources includes multiple candidate frequency domain resources.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that, The first message includes frequency domain resource indication information, which indicates one or more frequency domain resource sets. The first frequency domain resource is determined by the IoT device from the target frequency domain resource set, which is determined by the IoT device from the one or more frequency domain resource sets based on the IoT device's device type and / or maximum transmit power.

21. The method according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that, The frequency domain resource set is a collection of multiple frequency domain resources that are consecutive in the frequency domain.

22. The method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that, The frequency domain resource indication information includes multiple frequency domain indication parameters, which are used to determine one or more frequency domain resource sets. The target frequency domain resource set is determined by the IoT device based on the target frequency domain indication parameters, which are determined by the IoT device from multiple frequency domain indication parameters based on the IoT device's device type and / or maximum transmit power.

23. The method according to any one of claims 14-22, characterized in that, The response to the second message to send a third message includes: If the second message includes the first identifier, during the process of receiving the second message, at least one of the following is obtained: the access timing, transmission power, and transmission frequency used by the IoT device when sending the second message. The device type and / or maximum transmission power of the IoT device are determined based on at least one of the access timing, transmission power, and transmission frequency. The third message is generated based on the device type and / or maximum transmit power of the IoT device; If the second message includes the first identifier and the first information, the third message is generated based on the first information.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that, The third message includes at least one of proximity indication information, frequency domain resource information, and power control information; the proximity indication is used to characterize the communication distance between the IoT device and the access network device.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that, The frequency domain resource information includes any one of frequency range, frequency value, and frequency offset.

26. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that, The power control information also includes any one of the following: power range, power value, and power change.

27. The method according to any one of claims 14-26, characterized in that, Before sending the first message to the IoT device, the method further includes: Send a paging message, the paging message including the identifier of the access network device, the identifier of the access network device being used to trigger the IoT device to determine whether to respond to the first message.

28. An environmental Internet of Things (IoT) system, characterized in that, The device includes an IoT device and an access network device, wherein the IoT device performs the communication method according to any one of claims 1-13, and the access network device performs the communication method according to any one of claims 14-27.

29. An Internet of Things (IoT) device, characterized in that, Includes a module for performing the communication method as described in any one of claims 1-13.

30. An access network device, characterized in that, Includes a module for performing the communication method as described in any one of claims 14-27.

31. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program or instructions, which, when executed by a communication device, implement the communication method as described in any one of claims 1-13, or the communication method as described in any one of claims 14-27.

32. A computer program product containing instructions, characterized in that, When it is run on a computer, it causes the computer to perform the communication method of any one of claims 1-13, or the communication method of any one of claims 14-27.

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