A reply table land force promotion method and a package type improvement material

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration and land reclamation, and discloses a method for improving land force of returned topsoil and a set-type improvement material. 2 The method comprises the following steps: performing ploughing and soil preparation work with a depth of not less than 30 cm on the returned topsoil, and then performing harrowing after the soil is loosened; uniformly applying the premixed basic improvement agent to the surface of the loosened soil at a dosage of 1.5-3.0 kg / m 2 , and fully mixing the basic improvement agent with the soil in the surface layer of 10-15 cm through ploughing; locally applying the premixed and uniformly mixed biological activation package in the planting hole or sowing ditch of the plants, and then performing vegetation sowing or seedling planting, and finally covering the surface of the planted land with a cover of 2-3 cm in thickness. The application realizes systematic improvement from soil structure to soil nutrients to microbial community through the three processes of "physics-chemistry-biology", the process is simple, and the effect of improving the land force is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ecological restoration and land reclamation technology, specifically relating to a method for restoring and improving the fertility of topsoil and a package of improvement materials. Background Technology

[0002] In infrastructure projects such as power transmission and transformation projects, it is essential to improve the fertility of the backfilled topsoil and rebuild vegetation in order to restore the ecological environment of the construction area. However, in the practical application of topsoil fertility restoration in power transmission and transformation projects, a dilemma is often encountered: On the one hand, existing high-standard academic-grade restoration technologies face difficulties in implementation. Many efficient ecological restoration technologies often rely on complex construction equipment (such as specialized deep tillage machines) or expensive intelligent hardware facilities (such as intelligent irrigation sensor networks). At the same time, these technologies often require the use of specific, costly materials (such as specific slow-release fertilizers, imported microbial agents, etc.), making it difficult for construction companies to promote and apply them on a large scale.

[0003] On the other hand, traditional extensive soil improvement methods are not very effective. In order to control costs and meet deadlines, construction companies often use the traditional method of simply spreading chemical fertilizers and sowing grass seeds. Although this method is inexpensive and easy to operate, the improvement effect is often superficial and is easily washed away by rainwater. It cannot fundamentally break up deep soil compaction, nor can it effectively restore the self-regulating function of the soil micro-ecosystem, and the improvement effect is not lasting.

[0004] In conclusion, there is currently a lack of solutions for ecological restoration projects that can achieve a good balance between improvement effects, economic costs, and construction feasibility. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for improving soil fertility and a package of improvement materials. Through three processes—physical, chemical, and biological—it achieves systematic improvement from soil structure to soil nutrients to microbial communities. The process is simple and the soil fertility improvement effect is good.

[0006] This invention provides the following technical solution: The first objective of this invention is to provide a method for improving surface soil fertility, comprising: The topsoil is tilled to a depth of no less than 30 cm and then harrowed to loosen it. Apply the premixed base modifier at a rate of 1.5–3.0 kg / m³. 2 The amount of fertilizer should be evenly spread on the loosened soil surface and then tilled to mix it thoroughly with the top 10-15 cm of soil. Apply the pre-mixed bioactivation packet into the planting hole or sowing furrow of the plant, then sow the vegetation or plant the seedlings. Finally, cover the planted surface with a 2-3 cm thick mulch.

[0007] Through a three-step process—physical, chemical, and biological—systematic improvement is achieved, encompassing soil structure, nutrients, and microbial communities. The process is simple and clear, requiring minimal worker skills and eliminating the need for complex equipment, thus efficiently enhancing soil fertility and significantly lowering the construction threshold. The preferred application rate of the base conditioner is 2.0–2.5 kg / m³. 2 More preferably 2.5 kg / m 2 .

[0008] Preferably, the basic soil conditioner comprises the following components in the indicated weight ratios: 50-60 parts organic matter carrier, 20-30 parts soil conditioner, 20-30 parts slow-release compound nutrients, and 2-5 parts water-retaining factor. This provides a comprehensive and balanced foundation for improving the topsoil. This formulation balances rapid improvement (water retention and conditioning) with long-term maintenance (slow-release nutrients and organic matter), ensuring the stability of the material components and the durability of the improvement effect.

[0009] Preferably, the organic carrier is selected from one or more of well-rotted cow and sheep manure, bacterial residue, or commercial organic fertilizer; the slow-release compound nutrient is resin-coated compound fertilizer or blended fertilizer; and the water-retaining factor is sodium polyacrylate. The main body of the amendment uses bulk agricultural inputs (well-rotted manure, commercial organic fertilizer, coated compound fertilizer, etc.) as raw materials, eliminating expensive special materials, making the cost controllable, and providing medium- and long-term nutrient supply.

[0010] Preferably, the soil conditioner is selected according to the soil properties of the project, including lime, oyster shell powder, sand, or perlite. The soil conditioner is selected specifically according to the soil properties of the project. For example, for acidic red and yellow soil areas, lime or oyster shell powder can be used to adjust the soil pH; for heavy clay soil areas, an appropriate amount of sand or perlite can be added to improve soil aeration.

[0011] Preferably, the bioactivation package comprises: a microbial agent, a root-promoting substance, and a mineral carrier for carrying and uniformly dispersing the microbial agent.

[0012] Preferably, the microbial agent is a solid microbial agent selected from one or both of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis. When Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis are used in combination, the ratio of the two based on the number of effective live bacteria is (1:5) to (5:1), preferably 1:1.

[0013] Preferably, the bio-activation package comprises, by weight percentage, 2%–10% microbial inoculant, 5%–15% root-promoting substance, and the remainder being a mineral carrier. The root-promoting substance is humic acid or seaweed extract powder, and the mineral carrier is zeolite powder that has been dried, pulverized, and sieved. More preferably, the bio-activation package comprises 5% microbial inoculant, 10% root-promoting substance, and 85% zeolite powder. The actual amount of microbial inoculant added is adjusted according to the effective viable count of the inoculant raw material, ensuring that the effective viable count of the resulting bio-activation package is not less than 200 million CFU / g.

[0014] Preferably, the local application dosage of the bio-activation package is configured as follows: 50-100 grams per shrub, or 100-150 grams per linear meter of sowing furrow.

[0015] Preferably, the mulch is made of chopped straw, bamboo shavings, or non-woven fabric. This helps maintain soil temperature and humidity and prevents water and nutrient loss due to rainfall.

[0016] Preferably, the method further includes: regularly monitoring soil indicators and vegetation growth using portable rapid testing equipment and visual methods after construction, and maintaining the soil based on the monitoring results. Soil pH is measured using a pH meter, soil conductivity is measured using a soil EC meter, and soil compaction and vegetation growth are observed. The combination of portable equipment testing and visual methods forms a simple, practical diagnostic mechanism, achieving a low-cost "monitoring-fine-tuning" closed loop to ensure the effectiveness of improving surface soil fertility. If the pH is lower than expected, lime is applied for adjustment; if plant growth is lower than expected, a small amount of water-soluble fertilizer is applied.

[0017] The second objective of this invention is to provide a package-type improvement material for the above-mentioned method of improving topsoil fertility, comprising pre-prepared and separately packaged Package A and Package B; Package A is a basic improvement agent premix containing organic matter, conditioner, slow-release nutrients and water-retaining factors, for large-area topsoil application; Package B is a bio-activation package premix containing microbial agents, root-promoting substances and zeolite powder, for local application to the plant rhizosphere microenvironment.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Through a three-step process of physical, chemical, and biological methods, the soil structure, nutrients, and microbial community are systematically improved. The process is simple and clear, requires low technical skills from workers, and can efficiently improve soil fertility without the need for complex equipment. This effectively lowers the construction threshold and significantly improves soil fertility compared to single-measure restoration.

[0019] Abandoning expensive smart hardware, a combination of portable equipment and visual inspection is used to monitor soil indicators and vegetation growth in the topsoil, achieving a low-cost monitoring-fine-tuning closed loop based on the monitoring results. The main soil amendments are bulk agricultural inputs (organic fertilizer, ordinary conditioner, and coated fertilizer), ensuring controllable costs.

[0020] The types and dosages of conditioning agents in Package A, as well as the types, compounding ratios, and application rates of microbial agents in Package B, can be adjusted based on soil testing results and target vegetation types at the project site to achieve "standardized procedures and personalized formulas". Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for improving surface soil fertility provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the physical structure reshaping process; Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the material composition and application process of the basic modifier; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the material composition and rhizosphere microenvironment construction of the bio-activation package. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: This embodiment provides a specific application of a method for improving the soil fertility of a backfilled surface in the backfilled area of ​​a transmission line tower foundation in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province.

[0024] Project background and challenges: The backfill soil is compacted red soil, which is infertile with a pH of 4.8 and poor physical and chemical properties. It is difficult for vegetation planted directly on the backfill soil to recover naturally.

[0025] according to Figure 1 The process involves modular treatment of the backfill topsoil: Module 1: Rent a local agricultural mini-tiller to till and harrow to a depth of 35 cm to reshape the soil's physical structure. Specific process illustrations are shown below. Figure 2 As shown.

[0026] Module Two: Application of Package A (i.e., basic fertilizer). The formula for Package A is: 55 parts well-rotted cow manure, 25 parts oyster shell powder, 20 parts resin-coated compound fertilizer, and 2 parts water-retaining agent. Mix the thoroughly combined Package A at a rate of 2.5 kg / m³. 2 Apply the dosage evenly to the loosened and leveled soil surface, then use a mini-tiller to lightly rotate the soil again to thoroughly mix Package A with the topsoil. The composition and application procedure of the soil conditioner are as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0027] Module 3: Application of Package B per Plant (i.e., Bio-activation Pack). Package B's formula is: 5% microbial inoculant, 10% humic acid, and 85% zeolite powder. The microbial inoculant is a 1:1 mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, resulting in a finished Package B product with an effective viable count of no less than 200 million CFU / g. Preparation involves drying, pulverizing, and sieving the zeolite powder. Humic acid and zeolite powder are then premixed evenly. Finally, the microbial inoculant is added and mixed at a low speed to obtain Package B, which is then sealed and packaged in a moisture-proof container. Apply Package B at 50-100 grams per plant hole at the planting location, followed by planting local shrubs and sowing grass seeds. Alternatively, apply Package B per plant hole at the planting location, followed by planting local shrubs (oleander) and sowing bermudagrass seeds around them. After planting, cover the soil surface with a layer of bamboo shavings for moisture retention and physical protection. The material composition of the bio-activation pack and the construction of the rhizosphere microenvironment are as follows... Figure 4 As shown.

[0028] Comparison of control experiment and implementation results (simple monitoring and feedback): 180 days after construction was completed, simple monitoring and comparison were conducted using portable rapid testing equipment and visual methods. The results are as follows: 1. Control area (using traditional methods, simply tilling and applying chemical fertilizer): The soil is still compacted, the soil pH has risen slightly to 5.0, the turf is sparse, and the vegetation coverage is about 50%.

[0029] 2. Experimental area (treated using the method provided by this invention): The soil felt loose to the touch, the soil pH rose to 5.8, the bermudagrass turf was dense, the shrubs grew vigorously, and the overall vegetation coverage was >90%. Meanwhile, the construction team reported that the procedures were simple and the materials were readily available.

[0030] The above comparative experiments show that the method provided by the present invention is highly operable, cost-controllable, and has a good effect on improving soil fertility.

[0031] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for restoring and improving surface soil fertility, characterized in that, include: The topsoil is tilled to a depth of no less than 30 cm and then harrowed to loosen it. Apply the premixed base modifier at a rate of 1.5–3.0 kg / m³. 2 The amount of fertilizer should be evenly spread on the loosened soil surface and then tilled to mix it thoroughly with the top 10-15 cm of soil. Apply the pre-mixed bioactivation packet into the planting hole or sowing furrow of the plant, then sow the vegetation or plant the seedlings. Finally, cover the planted surface with a 2-3 cm thick mulch.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basic soil conditioner is composed of the following components in the indicated mass ratios: 50-60 parts organic matter carrier, 20-30 parts soil conditioner, 20-30 parts slow-release compound nutrients, and 2-5 parts water-retaining factor.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The organic carrier is selected from one or more of well-rotted cow and sheep manure, bacterial residue, or commercial organic fertilizer; the slow-release compound nutrient is resin-coated compound fertilizer or blended fertilizer containing slow-release components; the water-retaining factor is sodium polyacrylate.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The soil conditioner is selected based on the soil properties of the project, including lime, oyster shell powder, sand, or perlite.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bioactivation package includes microbial agents, root-promoting substances, and a mineral carrier for carrying and uniformly dispersing the microbial agents.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The microbial agent is a solid microbial agent, selected from one or two of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis; when Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis are used in combination, the ratio of the two based on the effective viable count is (1:5) to (5:1); the bio-activation package includes 2% to 10% microbial agent, 5% to 15% root-promoting substance, and the remainder is a mineral carrier by mass percentage; the root-promoting substance is humic acid or seaweed extract powder, the mineral carrier is zeolite powder that has been dried, pulverized and sieved, and the effective viable count of the finished bio-activation package is not less than 200 million CFU / g.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The local application dosage of the bio-activation package is configured as follows: 50-100 grams per shrub, or 100-150 grams per linear meter of sowing furrow.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface covering is made of chopped straw, bamboo shavings, or non-woven fabric.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method also includes: regularly monitoring soil indicators and vegetation growth using portable rapid testing equipment and visual methods after construction, and maintaining the soil based on the monitoring results.

10. A package-type improved material for use in the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It includes two pre-prepared and individually packaged packages, Package A and Package B. Package A is a basic improver premix containing organic matter, conditioner, slow-release nutrients and water-retaining factors, for large-area topsoil application. Package B is a bio-activation package premix containing microbial agents, root-promoting substances and zeolite powder, for local improvement of the rhizosphere microenvironment in plant planting holes or sowing furrows.

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