A general seed physiological programming activation method based on physical-chemical signal cooperation and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides a general seed physiological programming activation method based on physical-chemical signal cooperation and application thereof, and the method comprises the following steps: selecting a cold-activated code mode (0-4 DEG C, the activation solution contains salicylic acid and / or spice plant extract) for winter crops; selecting a warm-activated code mode (35-40 DEG C, the activation solution contains lactate and / or polysaccharide) for tropical / subtropical warm crops; after mechanical vibration, the seeds are put into the matching activation solution for impregnation, and then dried by low-temperature airflow to a dry loose state; the activation solution is prepared by fermenting waste liquid of milk, beans, potatoes, stems and rods by lactic acid bacteria and adding minerals and in-situ acidolysis, is rich in lactate and endogenous hormones such as natural gibberellins and brassinolide, and has a higher osmotic pressure than intracellular fluid; the application realizes the seed pre-programming activation of "code according to species", can break dormancy within 12-24 hours, and the treated seeds can be automatically sowed on the sowing line, support the year-round non-seasonal production of vertical factories, and are suitable for various crops and Chinese herbal medicines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the fields of modern seed technology, biotechnology and controlled environment agriculture technology, and more specifically, to a general seed physiological programming activation method based on the synergy of physical-chemical signals and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Seed dormancy is a survival strategy developed by plants over a long period of evolution, designed to pause seed germination under unfavorable environmental conditions and resume growth when conditions become suitable. However, for modern agriculture, especially industrialized and year-round production, seed dormancy has become a key factor restricting production efficiency.

[0003] Many high-value crops and medicinal herbs, such as winter rapeseed, ginseng, Panax notoginseng, and Isatis indigotica, possess deep physiological dormancy characteristics. Winter crops typically require weeks or even months of vernalization to complete the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. Some hard seeds, such as soybeans and sesame seeds, have dense, poorly permeable seed coats, resulting in slow and uneven germination under natural conditions. Furthermore, some medicinal herb seeds, such as ginseng and American ginseng, exhibit post-embryo maturation, requiring a complete winter of stratification for germination under natural conditions, a process that can take months or even a year.

[0004] Currently, traditional methods for breaking seed dormancy mainly fall into two categories: The first is physical stratification or low-temperature vernalization, which simulates natural conditions by placing seeds in a low-temperature, humid environment for weeks to months to gradually break dormancy. While this method is effective, it is extremely time-consuming, requires a large amount of space, and cannot meet the demands of rapid, continuous, and automated production in smart vertical factories. Especially in modern controlled environment agriculture (CEA) systems, the limitations of natural seasons are completely broken, making traditional vernalization methods a bottleneck for increasing production capacity. The second method is chemical reagent-based dormancy breaking, which commonly uses chemicals such as gibberellin (GA), potassium nitrate, and thiourea to soak seeds in order to quickly break dormancy. However, this method has significant drawbacks. Synthetic exogenous hormones such as gibberellin can easily lead to excessive seedling growth and decreased stress resistance, and are extremely sensitive to application concentrations, easily causing phytotoxicity if not applied carefully. Furthermore, chemical reagent residues may pose environmental and food safety risks. In addition, existing chemical dormancy breaking technologies are mostly specific formulations for single crops, lacking versatility and transferability. When crop types change, the formulation needs to be redeveloped, resulting in high research and development costs and long development cycles.

[0005] In recent years, physical methods such as mechanical friction, ultrasound, and electrostatic fields have also been explored for seed treatment. For example, mechanical vibration or friction can break down the hard seed coat, improving the seed's water and air permeability. However, single physical treatments often have limited effects and cannot simulate the low-temperature or heat shock signals required for vernalization. Current technologies often involve simple superposition of physical and chemical treatments, lacking synergistic design based on crop physiological characteristics and failing to form a universal, digitally programmable technical framework. Furthermore, existing seed treatment methods generally neglect integration with industrial seed production lines. Seeds treated with soaking often have high moisture content and sticky surfaces, making them unsuitable for direct use in pneumatic or mechanical precision seeders. They require further drying or manual processing, increasing procedures and costs.

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a universal seed physiological programming activation method based on the synergy of physical and chemical signals. Through digital regulation strategies for different species, seed dormancy can be rapidly broken within 12 to 24 hours, and the treated seeds are dry and loose, making them directly compatible with automated seeding lines in intelligent vertical factories. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a universal seed physiological programming activation method based on the synergy of physical and chemical signals. The core of this method lies in selecting either a "cold shock code" or a "warm shock code" activation mode according to the crop's winter-loving or tropical-warm-loving characteristics: In the cold shock code mode, the seeds are mechanically vibrated and then immersed in an activation solution at 0-4°C for 12-24 hours. This activation solution contains plant-derived salicylic acid substances and / or fermented extracts of pungent / spicy plants. In the warm shock code mode, the seeds are vibrated and then immersed in an activation solution at 35-40°C for 2-6 hours. This activation solution contains lactates and / or polysaccharide extracts of succulent plants. The activation solution is prepared by fermenting waste liquid from milk, soybean, potato, stem, and stalk processing with lactic acid bacteria to a pH of 3.5-4.5. During fermentation, minerals such as bluestone, dolomite, maifanite, and shell powder are added. In-situ acidification of lactic acid releases lactate salts, and by adjusting the lactate concentration, the osmotic pressure of the activation solution is made 5%-15% higher than the osmotic pressure of the seed cell fluid, forming a micro-hypertonic gradient that drives passive pre-loading of nutrients to the embryo. Simultaneously, the activation solution is enriched with endogenous hormones such as gibberellin, brassinolide, triacontanol, and salicylic acid at reduction sites. After soaking, the seeds are dried at a low temperature of 2-10°C for 10-60 minutes, restoring the moisture content to 97%-103% of its original value. The seeds are in a dry, loose, and non-sticky pre-activated state, directly adaptable to automated seeding lines. This invention achieves universal and rapid dormancy breaking for winter-season and warm-season crops, supporting year-round, non-seasonal continuous production in vertical factories.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a universal seed physiological programming activation method based on the synergy of physical and chemical signals, comprising the following steps: S1: Select the activation mode according to the physiological characteristics of the target seed: select the cold shock code mode for winter-loving cold crops, and select the warm shock code mode for tropical or subtropical warm crops. S2: Mechanical vibration treatment of seeds; S3: Immerse the vibrated seeds in a matching activation solution; S4: Dry the soaked seeds with low-temperature airflow to make them dry, loose, and non-sticky pre-activated state; The cold-stimulation code mode is: at 0~4°C, the activation solution contains plant-derived salicylic acid substances and / or fermented extracts of pungent / spicy plants; The temperature-activated code mode is as follows: at 35~40°C, the activation solution contains lactates and / or polysaccharide extracts from succulent plants.

[0009] This invention breaks through the traditional empirical model of single-crop single-formula seed treatment. Its core concept is to regard the breaking of seed dormancy and the initiation of germination as a physiological process that can be programmed by artificial signals. Based on the inherent physiological characteristics of different crops (winter-loving vs. heat-loving), they are encoded into cold-stimulation codes and heat-stimulation codes respectively. Through the synergistic effect of mechanical vibration (physical signal) and specific component activation liquid (chemical signal), seed dormancy is forcibly broken within 12 to 24 hours, and the seeds are put into a "pre-activated and ready-to-grow" state, thereby adapting to the year-round, non-seasonal production of industrialized vertical agriculture.

[0010] Winter-loving crops (such as rapeseed, isatis root, and ginseng) require vernalization at low temperatures to transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. This invention uses a cold shock code of 0-4°C to precisely simulate the deep winter environment, allowing seeds to experience vernalization signals equivalent to weeks of low temperatures under natural conditions within hours.

[0011] Tropical / subtropical warm-climate crops (such as soybeans and sesame) are susceptible to low temperatures and require warm stimulation for germination. This invention uses a 35-40°C temperature shock code to induce seeds to produce heat shock proteins (HSPs), enhancing cell membrane stability and stress resistance, while simultaneously accelerating the activation of metabolic enzyme systems.

[0012] The activation solution is obtained by fermenting agricultural processing waste liquids such as milk, soybeans, potatoes, stems, and stalks with lactic acid bacteria. Its functions include: the lactic acid produced by fermentation (pH 3.5~4.5) performs in-situ acid hydrolysis on minerals such as bluestone (calcium carbonate), dolomite, maifanite, and shell powder added to the system, converting insoluble calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus into soluble lactates such as calcium lactate, potassium lactate, magnesium lactate, and phosphorus lactate. These lactates are characterized by small molecules, electrical neutrality, and high osmotic activity, and can enter the embryo through non-active transport at low temperatures.

[0013] This invention creates a microhypertonic environment by adjusting the lactate concentration to make the osmotic pressure of the activation solution 5% to 15% higher than that of the intracellular fluid in the seed. Under low-temperature conditions, active transport in the seed essentially stops, and this osmotic pressure gradient becomes the physical driving force for the unidirectional diffusion of lactate and small molecule active ingredients into the embryo, achieving nutrient preloading. This is equivalent to storing energy and minerals for the seed before germination, allowing for explosive growth once the seed is removed from storage and heated. Plant tissues (such as alfalfa, marigold, and willow bark) in the fermentation substrate are in situ acidified under the action of lactic acid, releasing and enriching natural gibberellins (GA), brassinolides (BRs), triacontanol, and salicylic acid (SA). Among them, gibberellins directly antagonize abscisic acid (ABA) to break dormancy; brassinolides promote cell elongation and division; triacontanol enhances photosynthetic efficiency and germination uniformity; and salicylic acid acts as an activator of systemic acquired resistance, enhancing seedling immunity. In the cold shock code, the activation solution contains plant-derived salicylic acid compounds (to enhance cold resistance signals) and fermented extracts of pungent / spicy plants (such as Polygonum hydropiper, Sichuan pepper, and ginger). These substances provide additional chemosensitivity, synergistically enhancing the dormancy-breaking effect in conjunction with the cold shock signal. In the warm shock code, the activation solution focuses on enhancing lactates (to provide rapid mineral nutrition and osmotic drive) and polysaccharides from succulent plants (such as cactus and aloe polysaccharides). The latter forms a protective film on the seed surface, preventing excessive moisture evaporation during high-temperature soaking and providing colloidal protection.

[0014] Traditional seed soaking results in high seed moisture content and a sticky surface, making them unsuitable for direct use in automated seeders. This invention employs a low-temperature airflow of 2-10°C for short-term drying for 10-60 minutes, restoring the seed moisture content to 97%-103% of its original value. This creates a dry, loose, and non-sticky surface with a static angle of repose ≤35°, allowing direct compatibility with pneumatic or mechanical precision seeding systems, achieving full automation from seed treatment to sowing.

[0015] Preferably, the frequency of the mechanical vibration in S2 is 20~100 Hz and the vibration time is 5~30 min.

[0016] Preferably, the immersion time for the cold-stimulated code mode in S3 is 12-24 h; the immersion time for the warm-stimulated code mode is 2-6 h.

[0017] Preferably, the temperature of the low-temperature airflow drying in S4 is 2~10°C, the drying time is 10~60 min, and the moisture content of the seeds after drying is 97%~103% of the original moisture content.

[0018] Preferably, the activating liquid is obtained by fermenting animal body fluids (milk, blood) and plant materials (beans, potatoes, fruits, stems, stalks) and their processing waste liquid with acid-producing microorganisms to a pH of 3.5-4.5, with mineral materials added during the fermentation process; the acid-producing microorganisms are selected from the genus *Lactobacillus* (…). Lactobacillus Streptococcus ( Streptococcus ), Yeast ( Saccharomyces One or more of the following: the complex organic acid produced by fermentation in situ acidifies the minerals and the organic acids naturally present in the fermentation substrate plant to generate corresponding low molecular weight organic acid salts; the complex organic acid includes at least one of lactic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, malic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid, preferably lactic acid, and the organic acid salt is preferably a lactate.

[0019] The preparation of the activation solution in this invention employs in-situ fermentation technology using lactic acid bacteria, which differs from existing technologies that simply mix plant extracts or directly add chemical reagents. During fermentation, lactic acid produced by the metabolism of lactic acid bacteria acts as a natural biosolvent, performing in-situ acid hydrolysis on the complex plant substrates within the system. This releases bound active ingredients (such as polygalactoaldehyde from Polygonum hydropiper, cinnamaldehyde from cinnamon, houttuynin from Houttuynia cordata, and salicin from willow bark) and partially converts them into forms more easily absorbed by seeds, significantly improving the bioavailability of the active components without the need for additional purification chemicals.

[0020] Lactic acid plays multiple physiological roles in the activation solution. It combines with proteins and polysaccharides in the fermentation broth to form an acidified biofilm at the site of seed coat damage. This biofilm physically isolates pathogens and coagulates leaked cell sap, reducing nutrient loss and achieving a sealing effect. The low pH environment itself constitutes a chemical stress signal, which, in conjunction with the stress generated by mechanical vibration, induces a stress response in the seed, accelerating the degradation of endogenous ABA or weakening its physiological activity, thus relieving inhibition of germination and resulting in a more thorough breakout from dormancy. As a small-molecule organic acid, lactic acid can be pre-absorbed and stored by the embryo cells, and upon release and warming, directly enters the TCA cycle, providing an immediate carbon source for germination. These three synergistic effects significantly enhance the seed's stress resistance and germination vigor.

[0021] Preferably, the activation solution contains at least one of plant endogenous gibberellin, brassinolide, triacontanol and salicylic acid, which are enriched in situ through fermentation.

[0022] Preferably, the total lactate concentration in the activation solution is 0.05~0.5 mol / L; by adjusting the lactate concentration, the osmotic pressure of the activation solution is made 5%~15% higher than the osmotic pressure of the intracellular fluid of the seed cells.

[0023] Preferably, the fermented extracts of the pungent / spicy plants are selected from one or more of the following: plants of the Liliaceae family, plants of the Apiaceae family, plants of the Capsicum genus of the Solanaceae family, plants of the Zanthoxylum genus of the Rutaceae family, and plants of the Zingiber genus of the Zingiberaceae family; preferably, they are selected from one or more of the following: leeks, scallions, celery, coriander, Polygonum hydropiper, chili peppers, Sichuan pepper, ginger, star anise, fennel, lemongrass, and rosemary, mixed in any proportion; the polysaccharide extracts of the succulent plants are selected from one or more of the following: cactus, aloe vera, dragon fruit stems, okra, and dendrobium, mixed in any proportion.

[0024] Preferably, the activation solution also includes one or more of the following: cinnamon, houttuynia cordata, artemisia argyi, alfalfa, marigold, willow bark, and seaweed, mixed in any proportion; the seaweed is selected from at least one of kelp, giant kelp, and seaweed, and is used to enrich natural auxins, cytokinins and seaweed polysaccharides in situ during fermentation.

[0025] Secondly, this invention provides a universal seed physiological programming activation method based on synergistic physical-chemical signals, which is applied in plant cultivation or breeding.

[0026] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This invention proposes for the first time a seed physiological programming algorithm based on crop physiological characteristics, which encodes winter-loving cold-loving crops and tropical / subtropical warm-loving crops into cold-stimulation codes and warm-stimulation codes respectively, and realizes universal seed activation across species and climate zones under the same technical framework.

[0027] 2. Traditional low-temperature vernalization or stratification treatments require weeks or even months, while this invention, through the synergy of physical and chemical signals, can forcibly break seed dormancy within 12-24 hours. After dehydration and activation, the seed moisture content is restored to 97%-103% of its original value, exhibiting a dry, loose, and non-sticky physical state. This allows for direct compatibility with pneumatic or mechanical precision seeders, achieving full automation from seed treatment to sowing.

[0028] 3. The activation solution used in this invention is entirely derived from agricultural processing waste liquids such as milk, soybeans, potatoes, stems, and stalks, as well as natural minerals. It requires no addition of synthetic gibberellins or other chemical pesticides or hormones, leaving no residue and causing no pollution. During fermentation, lactic acid in situ hydrolyzes minerals to generate highly bioactive lactates, while simultaneously enriching endogenous plant gibberellins, brassinolide, triacontanol, and salicylic acid, among other natural hormones. By controlling the osmotic pressure of the activation solution at a micro-hypertonic gradient 5%–15% higher than that of the seed cell intracellular fluid, nutrients are passively pre-loaded into the embryo at low temperatures, enabling immediate growth upon seed release. Simultaneously, it induces systemically acquired resistance in seedlings, significantly enhancing their cold and disease resistance.

[0029] 4. This invention, based on the "species-specific coding" algorithm framework, breaks through the bottleneck of traditional seed treatment methods that are limited to single crops or closely related species. For cruciferous crops (such as rapeseed, broccoli, cabbage, and isatis root), cold-stimulation code activation is used to precisely replace natural vernalization, significantly shortening the growth period and increasing the content of secondary metabolites. For Araliaceae medicinal herbs that are difficult to cultivate (such as Panax notoginseng, ginseng, and American ginseng), cold-stimulation code combined with high-concentration salicylic acid activation solution can forcibly break the post-embryonic dormancy that would normally take months or even a year under natural conditions within a few days, achieving artificially controllable factory-style seedling cultivation. For legumes and sesame crops (such as soybeans, peanuts, and sesame), mechanical vibration is used to slightly damage the hard seed coat, combined with lactate activation solution, to induce rooting 2-3 days earlier and rapidly form root nodules in a vertical factory. For Solanaceae crops (such as wolfberry), a variable-temperature activation mode is used to precisely induce seed germination. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, any product that is the same as or similar to the present invention, derived by anyone under the guidance of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior art, falls within the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] The core preparation method of the activation solution of this invention is a mineral, plant, and probiotic compound fermentation technology. Basic minerals, trace element sources, and compound plant substrates are mixed in a certain proportion in waste liquid from milk, soybean, potato, stem, or stalk processing. Lactic acid bacteria are then inoculated for anaerobic fermentation. During fermentation, the lactic acid produced by the lactic acid bacteria simultaneously performs three functions: in-situ acid hydrolysis of minerals to generate highly bioactive lactates; in-situ extraction of allelochemicals and endogenous hormone precursors from the plant substrate; and adjustment of the system pH to 3.5–4.5. The table below shows the recommended range and functional positioning of each component. Subsequent embodiments are based on this framework with specific parameter adjustments. The basic formulation range of the activation solution is shown in Table 1. Table 1. Basic Formula Range for Mineral-Plant-Probiotic Compound Fermentation

[0032] The activation solution of this invention is rich in low-molecular-weight complex organic acids (such as lactic acid and acetic acid) and allelopathic active ingredients extracted in situ from pungent / spicy plants, which together construct a highly efficient broad-spectrum antibacterial and preservative system. The synergistic effect of the low pH environment and natural antibacterial factors can effectively inhibit the growth of micro-pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Botrytis cinerea, and Fusarium during exogenous high-humidity impregnation.

[0033] Simultaneously, the organic acids complex with the natural macromolecular proteins and polysaccharides in the fermentation broth, rapidly forming a dense, acidified biological protective film on the seed surface or at the micro-invasive interface caused by mechanical vibration. This film achieves a physical sealing effect, not only preventing the reverse leakage of minerals and nutrients from the seed cell sap during the initial soaking stage, but also constructing a long-lasting biological barrier against pathogens, significantly reducing the disease infection rate of seeds during subsequent automated sowing and high-humidity germination stages.

[0034] The quantitative control model of this invention: To facilitate understanding of the parameter selection logic and predictability of the technical effects of this invention, the applicant has established the following mathematical model. This model is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention, but rather to reveal the intrinsic relationship between physical parameters (vibration), chemical parameters (activating solution concentration, pH), and the dormancy-breaking effect, and to provide a theoretical basis for parameter selection in the embodiments.

[0035] (1) Definition of mechanical vibration energy

[0036] in The vibration frequency (Hz) The amplitude is (mm). Vibration time (min). This indicator comprehensively reflects the total energy dose exerted on the seed by mechanical vibration.

[0037] (2) Total equivalent cooling capacity gain coefficient

[0038] For reference mechanical energy, The equivalent biochemical concentration of the activating solution (obtained by weighted summation of the spice group, succulent film-forming group, and induction group according to the modular formula). For reference concentration, ; , , This is a crop sensitivity coefficient, which needs to be calibrated experimentally. The logarithmic term and the Michaelis-Menten equation term simulate the saturation response characteristics of organisms to physical and chemical stimuli, respectively.

[0039] (3) Formula for compensating for the required equivalent cold storage time

[0040] in This is the standard time required for crops to complete vernalization or break dormancy under natural conditions. The formula indicates... The larger the size, the shorter the time required.

[0041] (4) Osmotic pressure model Total osmotic pressure of the activating solution:

[0042] The total osmotic pressure of the activating solution (osmol / m3 or mOsm / kg). The permeability coefficient is affected by the solution pH and ionic strength. In the fermentation broth of this invention (pH 3.5~4.5)... The value is typically taken as 0.85~0.95; This represents the number of ions produced by the dissociation of the solute. The molar concentration (mol / L) of lactate (calcium lactate, potassium lactate, magnesium lactate, phosphorus lactate, etc.). It is the ideal gas constant (8.314 J / (mol·K)). The absolute temperature is (K). Non-ionic osmotic pressure (osmol / m3 or mOsm / kg) contributed by macromolecular solutes such as plant polysaccharides and oligosaccharides.

[0043] This formula guides the present invention to precisely control the osmotic pressure of the activation solution within the required range by adjusting the lactate concentration and polysaccharide content.

[0044] The contribution of osmotic pressure to dormancy:

[0045] The equivalent cooling gain coefficient (dimensionless) is generated by osmotic pressure. The infiltration sensitivity coefficient of crops needs to be calibrated experimentally, and is usually taken as 0.2~0.6; The measured osmotic pressure of the activation solution; It is the osmotic pressure of the fluid inside the seed or root cells (which can be measured using a freezing point osmoremeter).

[0046] The specific application of the above model will be shown in the following embodiments.

[0047] Specific experimental steps or conditions are not specified in the examples; however, they can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps or conditions described in the prior art. Reagents and other instruments used, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available conventional reagent products.

[0048] Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of this specification.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0050] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0051] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this application, the following embodiments are provided to illustrate in detail a general seed physiological programming activation method based on physio-chemical signal synergy and its application.

[0052] Example Example 1: Cold shock code activation in rapeseed seeds (Brassicaceae) Preparation of activating solution: Using 10 L of whey waste liquid and potato starch waste liquid at a volume ratio of 1:1, add 100 g of bluestone powder (calcium carbonate ≥95%), 50 g of dolomite powder, 50 g of maifanite powder, and 50 g of shell powder, along with a compound plant substrate: 50 g of dried Polygonum hydropiper powder, 30 g of willow bark scraps, and 20 g of alfalfa powder. Inoculate with lactic acid bacteria starter (Lactobacillus plantarum, viable count ≥1×10⁻⁶). 8 100 g of lactate (CFU / g) was fermented in a sealed container at 30℃ for 36 hours until the pH dropped to 3.8. After fermentation, the solid residue was removed by filtration to obtain activated solution A. Analysis showed that activated solution A had a total lactate concentration of 0.12 mol / L (0.05 M calcium lactate, 0.04 M potassium lactate, and 0.03 M magnesium lactate), an osmotic pressure of 320 mOsm / kg, a pH of 3.8, and contained endogenous hormones such as natural salicylic acid, gibberellin, and triacontanol.

[0053] Cold code processing: Take 500 g of winter rapeseed seeds (variety: Zhongshuang 11) and place them in a vibrating device. Vibrate for 10 minutes at a frequency of 50 Hz and an amplitude of 2 mm. Then, immerse the seeds in activation solution A, which has been pre-cooled to 2℃, and soak for 18 hours, maintaining a constant temperature (0~4℃) during this period. After soaking, remove the seeds, drain off excess liquid, and place them in a low-temperature airflow dryer. Dry them for 30 minutes at 4℃ and a wind speed of 2 m / s, until the seed moisture content recovers to 99% of the original moisture content (original moisture content 8.2%). The treated seeds are dry, loose, and non-sticky, and can be directly used in a pneumatic seeder with a repose angle of 33°.

[0054] The pre-activated seeds were sown into the integrated substrate of the vertical planting factory and cultured at 20°C under 16 hours of light / 8 hours of darkness. Results showed that the germination rate reached 96% within 48 hours and 98.5% within 72 hours. The plants did not require natural vernalization, began budding 60 days after emergence, and were harvested as siliques after 80 days, shortening the single-season cycle by approximately 100 days compared to traditional autumn sowing (which requires overwintering). Compared to the untreated control group (which required 30 days of low-temperature stratification for natural vernalization and had a germination rate of only 72%), this embodiment showed a significant improvement in both germination rate and growth rate.

[0055] The process parameters of this embodiment are quantitatively calculated: Mechanical vibration energy +50 2 ×2×10=50000 Hz 2 ·mm·min; Biochemical concentration According to the modular formulation definition of this invention: =w1·[Spicy Group]+w2·[Succulent Film-Forming Group]+w3·[Induction Group]. In this embodiment, the spicy group (Polygonum hydropiper) and the induction group (willow bark, alfalfa) contribute significantly. / =0.8, =0.2.

[0056] Substitute into the total gain formula:

[0057] Sensitivity coefficient of rapeseed =0.3, =0.5, =0.2, =10000, calculated as follows =0.799.

[0058] Required equivalent cold storage time:

[0059] Standard time for natural vernalization of rapeseed =30 days =16.7 days. In this embodiment, the actual soaking time was only 18 hours to achieve the equivalent vernalization effect, which is far better than the theoretical lower limit, proving that the physical-chemical synergistic gain is significant.

[0060] Example 2: Temperature-induced code activation in soybean seeds (Leguminaceae) Preparation of activating solution: Take 10 L of waste liquid from processing milk, soybeans, potatoes, stems, and stalks (in this example, soybean product wastewater and sweet potato residue leachate were used in a volume ratio of 2:1), add 150 g of bluestone powder, 80 g of maifanite powder, and 70 g of shell powder, and add 100 g of cactus stem fragments, 50 g of aloe vera leaf fragments, 20 g of cinnamon powder, and 30 g of alfalfa powder. Inoculate with 120 g of lactic acid bacteria starter (same as in Example 1), and ferment at 32°C for 24 hours until the pH drops to 4.0. After filtration, activated liquid B is obtained. The test results show that the total lactate concentration is 0.18 mol / L (calcium lactate 0.08 M, potassium lactate 0.06 M, magnesium lactate 0.04 M), the osmotic pressure is 380 mOsm / kg, and the polysaccharide content is about 0.02 g / mL.

[0061] Temperature shock code handling: Take 500 g of soybean seeds (variety: Zhonghuang 13) and vibrate them at 40 Hz and 3 mm amplitude for 15 minutes. Then, immerse the seeds in activation solution B preheated to 38°C for 4 hours, maintaining a constant temperature of 35-40°C. After immersion, drain the seeds and dry them under a low-temperature airflow at 8°C for 20 minutes until the seed moisture content recovers to 98% of the original moisture content (original moisture content 7.5%). The treated seeds have a dry surface and good flowability.

[0062] Pre-activated seeds were sown into an integrated substrate and cultured at 25°C under 16 hours of light / 8 hours of darkness. Results showed that the radicle broke through the seed coat 24 hours after sowing, and the root length reached 2.5 cm after 48 hours (compared to only 0.8 cm in the control group after 48 hours), indicating a rooting speed increase of approximately 48 hours. Fifteen days after emergence, root dry weight increased by 35% compared to the control group, and the natural attachment rate of rhizobia increased by 42%. The final yield increased by approximately 18% compared to untreated seeds.

[0063] According to the osmotic pressure design of the present invention, the osmotic pressure of the activating solution B is... =380 mOsm / kg, intracellular osmotic pressure of soybean seeds The measured value was 320 mOsm / kg, and the ratio was... / =1.1875, which is within the range of 5% to 15% slightly hyperpermeable (18.75% in this embodiment, slightly higher than the preferred upper limit, but still within the effective range).

[0064] The contribution of osmotic pressure to cold accumulation:

[0065] from soybeans =0.4, therefore =0.0688. Although the value is small, it works in conjunction with physical vibration and temperature shock signals to accelerate the initiation of seed germination.

[0066] Example 3: Temperature-induced activation of sesame seed codes (Pedaliaceae family) Preparation of activating solution: Take 10 L of a mixture of soybean product wastewater and sweet potato residue leachate (volume ratio 2:1), and add 150 g of bluestone powder, 80 g of maifanite powder, and 70 g of shell powder. Add 100 g of cactus stem fragments, 50 g of aloe vera leaf fragments (succulent film-forming group), 20 g of cinnamon powder (spice group), and 30 g of alfalfa powder (induction group). Inoculate with 120 g of lactic acid bacteria starter culture and ferment at 32°C for 24 hours until the pH drops to 4.0. After filtration, obtain activated solution B. Tests showed a total lactate concentration of 0.18 mol / L, an osmotic pressure of 380 mOsm / kg (approximately 15% higher than the intracellular osmotic pressure of sesame seed cells), and a polysaccharide content of approximately 0.02 g / mL.

[0067] Temperature shock code handling: Take 500 g of sesame seeds (variety: Yuzhi 11) and vibrate them at 40 Hz and 3 mm amplitude for 15 minutes. Then, immerse the seeds in activation solution B preheated to 38°C for 4 hours, maintaining a constant temperature of 35-40°C. After immersion, drain the seeds and dry them under a low-temperature airflow at 8°C for 20 minutes until the seed moisture content recovers to 98% of the original moisture content (original moisture content 7.2%). The treated seeds have a dry surface, good fluidity, and a repose angle of 31°.

[0068] Pre-activated seeds were sown into an integrated substrate and cultured at 25°C under 16 hours of light / 8 hours of darkness. Results showed that the radicle broke through the seed coat 24 hours after sowing, and the root length reached 1.2 cm after 48 hours (compared to only 0.3 cm in the control group after 48 hours), indicating a rooting speed increase of approximately 48 hours. Fifteen days after emergence, root dry weight increased by 28% compared to the control group, plant height increased by 18%, and final yield increased by approximately 12% compared to untreated seeds. Sesame stems were robust, and the lodging rate decreased by 60%.

[0069] Example 4: Cold shock code activation of ginseng seeds (a high-difficulty Chinese medicinal herb of the Araliaceae family) Preparation of activating solution: Take 10 L of potato waste liquid and whey waste liquid (volume ratio 1:1), and add 80 g of bluestone powder, 80 g of shell powder, and 50 g of maifanite powder. Add a high proportion of the induction group: 50 g of willow bark powder (salicylic acid), 40 g of Polygonum hydropiper powder, 10 g of chili powder (strong chemical stress), 30 g of Houttuynia cordata powder (repair factor), and 20 g of alfalfa powder. Inoculate with 100 g of lactic acid bacteria starter culture and ferment at 28°C for 48 hours until the pH drops to 3.6. After filtration, obtain activated solution C. Tests show: total lactate concentration 0.15 mol / L, osmotic pressure 350 mOsm / kg (approximately 10% higher than the osmotic pressure of ginseng seed endosperm cells), salicylic acid content reaching 0.5 mg / L, and gibberellin content ≥0.3 mg / L.

[0070] Cold code processing: Take 200 g of ginseng seeds (requiring post-embryonic maturation, natural stratification takes 6 months) and vibrate them at 30 Hz and 2 mm amplitude for 20 minutes. Then, immerse the seeds in activation solution C at 0°C for 24 hours. After immersion, dry them in a low-temperature airflow at 2°C for 40 minutes until there is no free water on the seed surface and they can flow freely.

[0071] The treated seeds were sown in a seedling substrate containing peat moss and perlite and germinated at 18°C ​​under shade. Results showed that the germination rate reached 82% after 15 days, while the control group (untreated, directly stratified) had a germination rate of less than 30% within 90 days. This invention shortens the after-ripening period of ginseng seeds from 6 months to 15 days, while also ensuring uniform germination, well-developed seedling root systems, and a transplant survival rate exceeding 95%.

[0072] Example 5: Cold shock code activation of blueberry seeds (Ericaceae) Preparation of activating solution: To address the predisposition of blueberry seeds (or root treatments before transplanting) to gray mold and root dehydration under low-temperature, high-humidity conditions, a high-proportion spice group and a succulent film-forming group were used. 10 L of whey waste liquid was taken; due to blueberries' aversion to calcium solidification, quartz and dolomite were not added, but replaced with 30 g of sulfur powder and 40 g of maifanite powder. The following were added: spice group: 40 g of cinnamon powder, 30 g of Polygonum hydropiper powder, and 10 g of star anise powder; succulent film-forming group: 50 g of cactus pulp and 30 g of aloe vera pulp; induction group: 20 g of willow bark powder and 10 g of alfalfa powder. Fermentation conditions were the same as in Example 1, until pH 3.9 was reached. After filtration, activated liquid D was obtained. Osmotic pressure was 330 mOsm / kg, and polysaccharide content was 0.03 g / mL.

[0073] Cold code processing: Take an appropriate amount of blueberry seeds and vibrate them at 40 Hz and 2 mm amplitude for 8 minutes. Then immerse them in activation solution D at 0~2°C for 12 hours. Dry them in a low-temperature airflow (4°C, 30 minutes) until the surface is dry.

[0074] After sowing, the treated blueberry seeds showed an 80% reduction in mold infection rate and an increase in germination rate from 45% to 85%.

[0075] Example 6: Temperature-induced activation of Lycium barbarum seeds (Solanaceae) Preparation of activating solution: Take 10 L of a mixture of soybean product wastewater and whey wastewater (volume ratio 2:1), and add 120 g of bluestone powder, 80 g of maifanite powder, and 60 g of shell powder. Add a composite plant substrate: 80 g of cactus stem fragments, 40 g of aloe vera leaf fragments (succulent film-forming group, providing water retention and film-forming protection), 30 g of cinnamon powder (spice group, antibacterial), 40 g of alfalfa powder, and 20 g of willow bark powder (induction group, providing triacontanol and salicylic acid). Inoculate with 100 g of lactic acid bacteria starter culture and ferment at 30°C for 30 hours until the pH drops to 4.0. During fermentation, lactic acid in situ acidifies minerals to produce calcium lactate and potassium lactate, while releasing endogenous hormones from the plant substrate. After filtration, the activated liquid E is obtained. The test results showed that the total lactate concentration was 0.15 mol / L, the osmotic pressure was 360 mOsm / kg (about 12% higher than the intracellular osmotic pressure of wolfberry seeds), and the polysaccharide content was 0.025 g / mL.

[0076] Temperature shock code handling: Take 200 g of wolfberry seeds (variety: Ningqi 7) and place them in a vibration device. Vibrate at 45 Hz and 2 mm amplitude for 12 minutes. Use a variable temperature soaking program: first, immerse the seeds in activation solution E preheated to 38°C for 2 hours, then allow them to cool naturally to 25°C and continue soaking for 2 hours (simulating natural temperature change stimulation), for a total soaking time of 4 hours. After soaking, drain the seeds and dry them under a low-temperature airflow at 6°C for 25 minutes until the seed moisture content recovers to 98% of the original moisture content (original moisture content 8.5%), and the surface is dry and loose.

[0077] Pre-activated seeds were sown into an integrated seedling substrate and cultured at 25°C, 16 hours of light / 8 hours of darkness, and 70% relative humidity. Results showed that the germination rate reached 92% after 48 hours and 96% after 72 hours, while the control group (untreated, soaked at room temperature for 24 hours) had a germination rate of only 45% at the same time. The treated group produced uniform seedlings with robust stems; after 15 days, the plant height increased by 30% compared to the control group, and the root dry weight increased by 42%. After transplanting to the field, the flowering and fruiting rate of wolfberry in the same year increased by 25% compared to the control, and the content of wolfberry polysaccharides in the fruit increased by 15%.

[0078] Goji berry seeds are extremely sensitive to temperature changes. This embodiment employs a variable-temperature soaking procedure involving heat shock followed by temperature drop, simulating diurnal temperature variations or seasonal transitions in the natural environment. This, combined with weak trauma signals generated by physical vibration, induces the expression of endogenous gibberellins and heat shock proteins in the seeds. Calcium lactate and potassium lactate in the activation solution are passively pre-loaded into the embryo via a microhypertonic gradient (12%), providing energy and mineral reserves for rapid germination after storage. Succulent film-forming components (cactus and aloe polysaccharides) form a protective film on the seed coat surface, preventing excessive moisture evaporation during temperature fluctuations.

[0079] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0080] Although preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0081] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes said element.

[0082] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of a general seed physiological programming activation method based on physio-chemical signal synergy and its application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A universal seed physiological programming activation method based on synergistic physical-chemical signals, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Select the activation mode according to the physiological characteristics of the target seed: select the cold shock code mode for winter-loving cold crops, and select the warm shock code mode for tropical or subtropical warm crops. S2: Mechanical vibration treatment of seeds; S3: Immerse the vibrated seeds in a matching activation solution; S4: The soaked seeds are dried by low-temperature airflow to make them dry, loose and non-sticky pre-activated state, and the static angle of repose of the treated seeds is ≤35°.

2. The universal seed physiological programming activation method based on physio-chemical signal synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency of the mechanical vibration described in S2 is 20~100 Hz, and the vibration time is 5~30 min.

3. The universal seed physiological programming activation method based on physiochemical signal synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold shock code mode described in S3 is as follows: at 0~4°C, the activation solution contains plant-derived salicylic acid substances and / or fermented extracts of pungent / spicy plants, and the soaking time is 12~24 h; the warm shock code mode is as follows: at 35~40°C, the activation solution contains lactates and / or polysaccharide extracts of succulent plants, and the soaking time is 2~6 h.

4. The universal seed physiological programming activation method based on physiochemical signal synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-temperature airflow drying described in S4 has a temperature of 2~10°C and a drying time of 10~60 min. After drying, the seed moisture content is 97%~103% of the original moisture content.

5. The universal seed physiological programming activation method based on physiochemical signal synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The activation solution is obtained by fermenting animal body fluids (milk, blood) and plant materials (beans, potatoes, fruits, stems, stalks) and their processing waste liquids with acid-producing microorganisms to a pH of 3.5-4.5, with mineral materials added during the fermentation process; the acid-producing microorganisms are selected from the genus *Lactobacillus* (…). Lactobacillus Streptococcus ( Streptococcus ), Yeast ( Saccharomyces One or more of the following: the complex organic acid produced by fermentation in situ acidifies the minerals and the organic acids naturally present in the fermentation substrate plant to generate corresponding low molecular weight organic acid salts; the complex organic acid includes at least one of lactic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, malic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid, preferably lactic acid, and the organic acid salt is preferably a lactate.

6. The universal seed physiological programming activation method based on physiochemical signal synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The activated liquid contains at least one of plant endogenous gibberellin, brassinolide, triacontanol and salicylic acid, which are enriched in situ through fermentation.

7. The universal seed physiological programming activation method based on physiochemical signal synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total lactate concentration in the activation solution is 0.05~0.5 mol / L; by adjusting the lactate concentration, the osmotic pressure of the activation solution is made 5%~15% higher than the osmotic pressure of the intracellular fluid of the seed cells.

8. The universal seed physiological programming activation method based on physio-chemical signal synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fermented extracts of the pungent / spicy plants are selected from one or more of the following: plants of the Liliaceae family, plants of the Apiaceae family, plants of the Capsicum genus of the Solanaceae family, plants of the Zanthoxylum genus of the Rutaceae family, and plants of the Zingiber genus of the Zingiberaceae family; preferably, they are selected from one or more of the following: leeks, scallions, celery, coriander, Polygonum hydropiper, chili peppers, Zanthoxylum nitidum, ginger, star anise, fennel, lemongrass, and rosemary, mixed in any proportion; the polysaccharide extracts of the succulent plants are selected from one or more of the following: cactus, aloe vera, dragon fruit stems, okra, and dendrobium, mixed in any proportion.

9. The universal seed physiological programming activation method based on physiochemical signal synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The activation solution also includes one or more of the following: cinnamon, houttuynia cordata, artemisia argyi, alfalfa, marigold, willow bark, and seaweed, mixed in any proportion; the seaweed is selected from at least one of kelp, giant kelp, and seaweed, and is used to enrich natural auxins, cytokinins and seaweed polysaccharides in situ during fermentation.

10. The application of a general seed physiological programming activation method based on physical-chemical signal synergy as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 in plant cultivation or breeding.

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