Mountain self-profiling walking assembly and mountain self-profiling ridging and fertilizing film side seeding machine
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610617245.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-25
AI Technical Summary
[0004]本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种能够对丘陵山区坡耕地完成自仿形的播种机，以提高播种机在丘陵山区的播种质量，同时要解决坡耕地地膜的铺设质量较低的问题
[0015]本发明采用铺膜机构和施肥机构与中纵梁活动安装的方式实现播种机构和施肥机构对地表的自由仿形，中纵梁前部与牵引架活动安装，实现挂节点与机具的纵向相对自由仿形，中纵梁前安装的挂接板上设置的条形孔实现挂节点与机具相对的垂直仿形，铺膜机构压膜轮设置的凹形槽，可实现凹凸不平地表的可靠展膜。整机采用圆盘起垄、施肥、铺膜、播种的联合作业，针对丘陵山区起伏不平地表的播种作业提供了一种可靠的新型机型。
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Figure CN122804575A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery and seeding machinery, specifically a self-conforming walking component for mountainous terrain and a self-conforming ridging, fertilizing, and film-side seeding machine for mountainous terrain, suitable for seeding operations in hilly and mountainous areas. Background Technology
[0002] Dryland farming equipment integrates functions such as ridging, fertilization, mulching, sowing, and compaction into a single unit. Due to its high efficiency and multifunctionality, dryland farming equipment is increasingly used. However, it often encounters several problems when operating in hilly and mountainous areas: 1. The limited planting area and steep slopes in hilly and mountainous areas mean that existing dryland farming equipment often sinks deeply into the soil on one side while the other side remains raised, affecting the quality of operations and, in severe cases, causing the equipment to tip over and become unusable. 2. One side of the equipment sinking into the soil increases its operating resistance. Furthermore, the limited planting area in hilly and mountainous areas increases the number of times the tractor needs to change direction. Due to the operating resistance, existing equipment cannot operate smoothly in hilly and mountainous areas, often requiring manual assistance during changes of direction, significantly reducing the efficiency of mechanical operations.
[0003] Hilly and mountainous areas account for 76% of Gansu Province's arable land. The poor adaptability of agricultural machinery to sloping terrain hinders the development of mechanization in the sowing of crops such as wheat, miscellaneous grains, and rapeseed in these areas. Existing sowing techniques suffer from significant shape-following defects: general-purpose agricultural machinery uses a fixed frame structure, unable to dynamically adjust to the terrain, resulting in large deviations in furrow depth and ridge shape; while manual sowing can adapt to local terrain, its efficiency is low. When sowing on plastic film, traditional film-pressing rollers lack shape-following capabilities, resulting in less than 70% film coverage on uneven surfaces, and a missed sowing rate of over 8% for small seeds such as rapeseed. This lack of surface shape-following ability directly leads to unstable sowing quality, resulting in crop yields 20%-35% lower per mu than in plains areas, becoming a core bottleneck restricting the modernization of agriculture in hilly and mountainous areas. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a seeder that can automatically conform to the shape of sloping farmland in hilly and mountainous areas, so as to improve the seeding quality of the seeder in hilly and mountainous areas, and at the same time solve the problem of low quality of mulch film laying on sloping farmland.
[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the following technical solutions are proposed: The mountain self-conforming walking assembly includes a tow frame, a central longitudinal beam, a front swing frame, and a rear swing frame. The tow frame is connected to a tractor. The front end of the central longitudinal beam is connected to the tow frame. A front mounting plate and a rear mounting plate are fixedly connected to the central longitudinal beam. The front swing frame has a front pin plate, and the rear swing frame has a rear pin plate. Pin holes are formed on the front pin plate, rear pin plate, front mounting plate, and rear mounting plate. The front pin plate of the front swing frame is connected to the front mounting plate of the central longitudinal beam through a front swing pin. The rear pin plate of the rear swing frame is connected to the rear mounting plate of the central longitudinal beam through a rear swing pin. The axial direction of the pins is consistent with the axial direction of the central longitudinal beam. The front swing frame and the rear swing frame can swing along the pins to adjust their angle.
[0006] Furthermore, the front mounting plate or rear mounting plate is divided into a fixed support plate and a connecting shaft plate. The fixed support plate is provided with a snap-fit notch, and the fixed support plate is snap-fitted and fixedly connected to the middle longitudinal beam through the snap-fit notch. There are two fixed support plates and two connecting shaft plates. The two fixed support plates are arranged in parallel and are fixedly connected by the connecting shaft plates. The lower left and right sides of the two fixed support plates are respectively provided with connecting shaft plates. The two connecting shaft plates are provided with reserved insertion holes at intervals. The front pin shaft plate or the rear pin shaft plate is inserted along the insertion holes. The width of the insertion hole is greater than the width of the front pin shaft plate and the rear pin shaft plate.
[0007] Furthermore, the end of the longitudinal beam is provided with a front plate, and the traction frame is connected to the front plate of the longitudinal beam through a traction pin. The axial direction of the traction pin is consistent with the radial direction of the longitudinal beam, and the traction frame swings along the traction pin to adjust the angle.
[0008] Furthermore, the longitudinal beam is equipped with an upper tie rod, which has an arc-shaped hole. Both ends of the traction frame are equipped with mounting plates, each with multiple connection holes. This invention, through the aforementioned three-stage contour adjustment, solves the problems of slope operation fit, driving path adaptability, and longitudinal undulation following, achieving three-dimensional self-adaptation to complex terrain and ensuring continuous and effective grounding of all critical operating components.
[0009] The self-conforming hilling, fertilizing, and film-side-viewing machine for mountainous terrain includes a self-conforming walking component, functional components, a fertilizer box, and a seed box. The front and rear swing frames of the self-conforming walking component are respectively equipped with the fertilizer box, seed box, and at least one functional component. The functional components include a furrowing disc, a fertilizing wheel, a soil-covering disc, a seed-distributing wheel, a seedbed pressing wheel, and a seeding disc. Employing a modular swing frame design, it transforms the complex multi-component collaborative contouring into a simple, integrated swing mechanism. This design is simpler, lower in cost, and more reliable than a fully modular contouring machine.
[0010] Furthermore, the central longitudinal beam serves as the main frame of the machine. A traction frame is located at the front of the central longitudinal beam, with mounting plates at both ends. An upper pull rod is located at the upper front of the central longitudinal beam, and a front swing frame is located at the lower front of the central longitudinal beam. A trenching disc is located at the front of the front swing frame, and a fertilizer shovel is located at the rear of the front swing frame. A fertilizer box is installed on the upper part of the front swing frame, and an auger shaft is located below the fertilizer box. Fertilizer wheels and a fertilizer chain drive are installed on the side of the front swing frame. The fertilizer wheels are linked to the auger shaft via the fertilizer chain drive. The fertilizer wheels roll along the plot, driving the fertilizer chain drive to rotate. The fertilizer chain drive drives the auger shaft to agitate the fertilizer in the fertilizer box. The fertilizer falls onto the plot and is mixed into the soil by the fertilizer shovel. A film-hanging crossbeam is located in the lower middle part of the central longitudinal beam, and a film-hanging frame is installed on the film-hanging crossbeam. The film-hanging frame is equipped with a film roll, a film-spreading roller, and a concave film-pressing wheel. The film-spreading roller is located at the lower front of the film-hanging frame, the film roll is located at the upper front of the film-hanging frame, and the concave film-pressing wheel is located at the lower part of the film-hanging frame. The rear swing frame is located at the lower rear of the central longitudinal beam. The lower front of the rear swing frame is equipped with a soil-covering disc, the lower rear of the rear swing frame is equipped with a sowing disc, and the lower rear of the rear swing frame is equipped with a seed bed pressing wheel. The upper part of the rear swing frame is equipped with a seed box, and the lower part of the seed box is equipped with an auger shaft. The side of the rear swing frame is equipped with a seed-distributing wheel and a seed-distributing chain drive. The seed-distributing wheel is linked to the auger shaft through the seed-distributing chain drive. The seed-distributing wheel rolls along the plot, driving the seed-distributing chain drive to rotate. The fertilizer chain drive drives the auger shaft to stir the seeds in the seed box. The seeds fall to the plot and are pressed into the soil by the seed bed pressing wheel. Enhanced conformability ensures stable trenching depth and accurate fertilization location; the concave pressing wheel, combined with the increased overall effective bonding area, ensures tight adhesion between the mulch film and the ground surface, effectively improving coverage; and uniform sowing depth effectively reduces missed sowing rate.
[0011] Furthermore, the front swing frame has at least two ditching discs, fertilizer shovels, and fertilizer wheels, and the rear swing frame has at least two covering discs, sowing discs, and seedbed pressing wheels; the ditching discs, fertilizer shovels, fertilizer wheels, covering discs, sowing discs, and seedbed pressing wheels are symmetrically distributed along the central longitudinal beam.
[0012] Furthermore, the fertilizer box and seed box are funnel-shaped, with open tops and drainage holes at the bottom, and the auger shaft is close to the drainage holes but not in contact with them.
[0013] Furthermore, the front and rear swing frames are spaced apart on the central longitudinal beam. The front swing frame swings along the front swing pin to adjust its angle, and the rear swing frame swings along the rear swing pin to adjust its angle. The swing angle adjustment of the front and rear swing frames is 30~60°. The swing limit position is when the connecting shaft plates on the left and right sides of the front and rear swing frames are in contact. This system integrates multiple processes such as ridging, fertilization, mulching, film-side sowing, and compaction, and can complete the entire operation in one visit to the field. It is particularly suitable for hilly and mountainous areas with scattered plots and steep slopes, greatly improving work efficiency.
[0014] Furthermore, the film-hanging beam is located between the front and rear swing frames. A pin plate is mounted on the film-hanging beam, a fixed support plate is mounted on the central longitudinal beam, and a film-hanging frame is mounted on the film-hanging beam. Connecting shaft plates are located on the left and right sides of the lower part of the fixed support plate. The two connecting shaft plates have pre-drilled insertion holes spaced apart. Pin plates are inserted through these holes, with the insertion hole width greater than the pin plate width. The pin plates are connected to the fixed support plate via pins. The film-hanging beam and film-hanging frame swing along the pins to adjust their angle. The film-hanging frame is equipped with a film roll, a film-spreading roller, and a concave pressing roller. The film-spreading roller is located at the lower front of the film-hanging frame, the film roll is located at the upper front of the film-hanging frame, and the concave pressing roller is located at the lower part of the film-hanging frame. This allows the film-hanging beam to also perform contour-following operations, enabling the mountain self-contact walking component and functional components to flexibly conform to the ground.
[0015] This invention employs a method where the film-laying mechanism and fertilization mechanism are movably installed with the central longitudinal beam, enabling the sowing and fertilization mechanisms to freely conform to the terrain. The front part of the central longitudinal beam is movably installed with the traction frame, allowing for free longitudinal conformation between the hanging nodes and the implements. Strip-shaped holes on the hanging plate mounted in front of the central longitudinal beam enable vertical conformation between the hanging nodes and the implements. The concave grooves on the film-laying mechanism's pressing wheels ensure reliable film spreading on uneven terrain. The entire machine combines disc ridging, fertilization, film laying, and sowing, providing a reliable new type of machine for sowing operations on undulating hilly and mountainous terrain. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is an isometric drawing of the entire machine of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the entire machine of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the front and rear swing frames combined in this invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation and connection of the longitudinal beam and the front and rear swing frames in this invention; Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the rear swing frame of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the membrane laying mechanism and the installation structure of the longitudinal beam of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed support plate structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the swing and swing limit positions of the front and rear swing frames of the present invention.
[0017] The components in the diagram are labeled as follows: 1. Traction frame; 2. Central longitudinal beam; 3. Hanging plate; 4. Front swing frame; 5. Trenching disc; 6. Fertilizer wheel; 7. Fertilizer chain drive; 8. Film hanging frame; 9. Concave film pressing wheel; 10. Soil covering disc; 11. Seed metering wheel; 12. Seed metering chain drive; 13. Seed bed pressing wheel; 14. Rear swing frame; 15. Seed box; 16. Fertilizer box; 17. Upper pull rod; 18. Film spreading roller; 19. Mulch film roll; 20. Fertilizer shovel; 21. Seeding disc; 22. Traction pin; 23. Front plate of central longitudinal beam; 24. Front pin plate; 25. Rear swing pin; 26. Front swing pin; 27. Film hanging crossbeam; 28. Rear mounting plate; 29. Front mounting plate; 30. Fixed support plate; 31. Connecting shaft plate; 32. Insertion hole; 33. Snap-fit notch; 34. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0019] like Figures 1 to 8 The mountain self-conforming walking assembly shown includes a tow frame 1, a central longitudinal beam 2, a front swing frame 4, and a rear swing frame 14. The tow frame 1 is connected to the tractor. The front end of the central longitudinal beam 2 is connected to the tow frame 1. A front mounting plate 30 and a rear mounting plate 29 are fixedly connected to the central longitudinal beam 2. The front swing frame 4 is provided with a front pin plate 24, and the rear swing frame 14 is provided with a rear pin plate 25. Pin holes are provided on the front pin plate 24, the rear pin plate 25, the front mounting plate 30, and the rear mounting plate 29. The front pin plate 24 of the front swing frame 4 is connected to the front mounting plate 30 of the central longitudinal beam 2 through a front swing pin 27. The rear pin plate 25 of the rear swing frame 14 is connected to the rear mounting plate 29 of the central longitudinal beam 2 through a rear swing pin 26. The axial direction of the pins is consistent with the axial direction of the central longitudinal beam 2. The front swing frame 4 and the rear swing frame 14 swing along the pins to adjust the angle. By designing a self-conforming walking component for mountain terrain, mountain contouring operations can be achieved. The independent swing adjustment of the front swing frame 4 and the rear swing frame 14 ensures that the self-conforming walking component fits snugly against the working ground, effectively solving the technical problem in existing equipment where one side sinks deep into the soil while the other side lifts up. At the same time, the independent swing adjustment of the front swing frame 4 and the rear swing frame 14 can achieve multi-point contact and buffering, especially when the machine turns around, the machine makes contact with the ground at multiple points to achieve effective transmission of drag torque.
[0020] Furthermore, the front mounting plate 30 or the rear mounting plate 29 is divided into a fixed support plate 31 and a connecting shaft plate 32. The fixed support plate 31 is provided with a snap-fit notch 34. The fixed support plate 31 is snap-fitted and fixedly connected to the middle longitudinal beam 2 through the snap-fit notch 34. There are two fixed support plates 31 and two connecting shaft plates 32. The two fixed support plates 31 are arranged in parallel and fixedly connected by the connecting shaft plates 32. The lower left and right sides of the two fixed support plates 31 are respectively provided with connecting shaft plates 32. The two connecting shaft plates 32 are provided with reserved insertion holes 33 at intervals. The front pin plate 24 or the rear pin plate 25 is inserted along the insertion holes 33. The width of the insertion hole 33 is greater than the width of the front pin plate 24 and the rear pin plate 25. There are two fixed support plates 31 and two connecting shaft plates 32, and the two fixed support plates 31 are arranged in parallel. The fixed support plates 31 and the connecting shaft plates 32 are driven to rotate along the pin shaft to adjust the angle, that is, to swing up and down along the axis of the central longitudinal beam 2 to conform to the ground. This avoids unnecessary swinging in other directions, meets the requirements of conforming to the ground, and ensures the overall rigidity of the machine. It also ensures that the machine can automatically conform to slopes and potholes and avoid obstacles during smooth movement.
[0021] The longitudinal beam 2 has a front plate 23 at one end. The traction frame 1 is connected to the front plate 23 via a traction pin 22. The axial direction of the traction pin 22 is consistent with the radial direction of the longitudinal beam 2. The traction frame 1 can swing along the traction pin 22 to adjust the angle. This facilitates tractor towing and steering adjustments.
[0022] Furthermore, the longitudinal beam 2 is equipped with an upper tie rod 17, which has an arc-shaped hole. The traction frame 1 has mounting plates 3 at both ends, and the mounting plates 3 have multiple connection holes. The arc-shaped hole and the connection holes allow for effective contact and fit with the land.
[0023] The self-conforming hilling, fertilizing, and film-covered side-seeding machine for mountainous terrain includes a self-conforming walking component, functional components, a fertilizer box 16, and a seed box 15. The front swing frame 4 and rear swing frame 14 of the self-conforming walking component are respectively equipped with the fertilizer box 16, the seed box 15, and at least one functional component. The functional component includes a furrowing disc 5, a fertilizing wheel 6, a soil-covering disc 10, a seed-distributing wheel 11, a seedbed pressing wheel 13, and a seeding disc 21. The functional components can be flexibly selected. This example only illustrates how the functional components achieve contouring and ground contact, and cannot exhaustively describe all applicable cases. The functional components can be installed and combined with the self-conforming hilling, fertilizing, and film-covered side-seeding machine using conventional technical means to achieve the contouring movement operation function. The furrowing disc 5, covering disc 10, and sowing disc 21 are connected to the frame via U-shaped clips. A connecting pipe head is added to the U-shaped clip. The connecting part of the furrowing disc 5, covering disc 10, and sowing disc 21 is inserted into the connecting pipe head, and the angle is adjusted. The angle can be adjusted by rotating according to the sowing requirements. Screws are then screwed in to lock the connection and fix the height and angle of the furrowing disc 5, covering disc 10, and sowing disc 21. The structure and connection method of the U-shaped clip are conventional technology, serving only as a connection and locking mechanism between the agricultural machinery and functional components.
[0024] The longitudinal beam 2 serves as the main frame of the machine. A traction frame 1 is located at the front of the longitudinal beam 2, with mounting plates 3 at both ends. An upper pull rod 17 is located at the upper front of the longitudinal beam 2, and a front swing frame 4 is located at the lower front of the longitudinal beam 2. A trenching disc 5 is located at the front of the front swing frame 4, and a fertilizer shovel 20 is located at the rear of the front swing frame 4. A fertilizer box 16 is installed on the upper part of the front swing frame 4, and an auger shaft is located at the lower part of the fertilizer box 16. Fertilizer wheels 6 and a fertilizer chain drive 7 are installed on the side of the front swing frame 4. The fertilizer wheels 6 are linked to the auger shaft via the fertilizer chain drive 7. The fertilizer wheels 6 roll along the plot, driving the fertilizer chain drive 7 to rotate. The fertilizer chain drive 7 drives the auger shaft to agitate the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 16, causing the fertilizer to fall onto the plot and be mixed and buried in the soil by the fertilizer shovel 20. A film-hanging crossbeam 28 is located in the lower middle part of the longitudinal beam 2, with a film-hanging frame 8 on the crossbeam 28. The film-hanging frame 8 is equipped with various... Film roll 19, film spreading roller 18, and concave film pressing roller 9 are provided. The film spreading roller 18 is located at the lower front part of the film hanging frame 8, the film roll 19 is located at the upper front part of the film hanging frame 8, and the concave film pressing roller 9 is located at the lower part of the film hanging frame 8. The rear swing frame 14 is located at the lower rear part of the middle longitudinal beam 2. The lower front part of the rear swing frame 14 is provided with a soil covering disc 10, the lower rear part of the rear swing frame 14 is provided with a sowing disc 21, and the lower rear part of the rear swing frame 14 is provided with a seed bed pressing roller 13. 4. The upper part is equipped with a seed box 15, and the lower part of the seed box 15 is equipped with an auger shaft. The side of the rear swing frame 14 is equipped with a seed-dispensing wheel 11 and a seed-dispensing chain drive 12. The seed-dispensing wheel 11 is linked to the auger shaft through the seed-dispensing chain drive 12. The seed-dispensing wheel 11 rolls along the plot, driving the seed-dispensing chain drive 12 to rotate. The fertilizer chain drive 7 drives the auger shaft to stir the seeds in the seed box 15. The seeds fall to the plot and are compacted and buried in the soil by the seed bed press wheel 13. Under the tractor traction, the multi-stage composite contouring components work together. When encountering a slope, the rear swing frame achieves contouring to ensure that the working parts on both sides are at the same depth. When encountering large potholes or field ridges, the upper pull rod is adjusted to further compact and conform the implement to the ground, ensuring that the implement follows the undulations of the ground. When turning, the traction frame is hinged to achieve contouring, improving steering performance and reducing the turning radius. Based on this stable contouring, a series of processes, including ditching, fertilization, film spreading, concave wheel pressing, side covering with soil, precision sowing, and seedbed compaction, can be completed continuously and with high quality on complex terrain. Under the dual action of the concave pressing wheel and the overall contouring, the mulch film consistently maintains good lateral tension and longitudinal adhesion, solving the technical challenges of mulching on slopes.
[0025] At least two ditching discs 5, fertilizer shovels 20, and fertilizer wheels 6 are provided on the front swing frame 4, and at least two soil covering discs 10, seeding discs 21, and seedbed pressing wheels 13 are provided on the rear swing frame 14. The ditching discs 5, fertilizer shovels 20, fertilizer wheels 6, soil covering discs 10, seeding discs 21, and seedbed pressing wheels 13 are symmetrically distributed along the central longitudinal beam 2. This symmetrical distribution ensures a harmonious conformal fit, and the weight distribution on both sides is even after reversing direction, allowing the equipment to conform to the ground shape during both forward and reverse movement.
[0026] Furthermore, the fertilizer box 16 and seed box 15 are funnel-shaped, with open tops and drainage holes at the bottom. The auger shaft is close to but does not contact the drainage holes. During machine movement, the auger shaft rotates synchronously, applying fertilizer and seeds, thus avoiding uneven fertilization and seeding on slopes.
[0027] Furthermore, the front swing frame 4 and the rear swing frame 14 are spaced apart on the central longitudinal beam 2. The front swing frame 4 swings along the front swing pin 27 to adjust its angle, and the rear swing frame 14 swings along the rear swing pin 26 to adjust its angle. The swing adjustment angle of the front swing frame 4 and the rear swing frame 14 is 30~60°. The swing limit position is when the front swing frame 4 and the rear swing frame 14 swing to the point where the connecting shaft plates 32 on the left and right sides are in contact. The swing limit position ensures that the machine has a certain conforming ability while providing necessary limits to prevent accidental rollover during slope operation and improve safety.
[0028] Furthermore, the film-hanging beam 28 is located between the front swing frame 4 and the rear swing frame 14. The film-hanging beam 28 is provided with a pin plate, the middle longitudinal beam 2 is provided with a fixed support plate 31, and the film-hanging beam 28 is provided with a film-hanging frame 8. The lower left and right sides of the fixed support plate 31 are respectively provided with connecting shaft plates 32. The two connecting shaft plates 32 are provided with reserved insertion holes 33 at intervals. The pin plate is inserted along the insertion hole 33. The width of the insertion hole 33 is greater than the width of the pin plate. The pin plate is connected to the fixed support plate 31 through a pin. The film-hanging beam 28 and the film-hanging frame 8 swing along the pin to adjust the angle. The film-hanging frame 8 is provided with a ground film roll 19, a film spreading roller 18, and a concave film pressing wheel 9. The film spreading roller 18 is located at the lower front part of the film-hanging frame 8, the ground film roll 19 is located at the upper front part of the film-hanging frame 8, and the concave film pressing wheel 9 is located at the lower part of the film-hanging frame 8. The film-mounted crossbeam can also perform contour-following operations, enabling both the self-contact walking component and functional components to flexibly conform to the ground. The connection method between the pin plate and the fixed support plate 31 via pins can be referenced from the connection method of the front swing frame 4 and the rear swing frame 14, and will not be repeated here. The key design points of the implement are supplemented as follows: In the basic embodiment, the front swing frame 4 and the rear swing frame 14 follow the contour, while the film-mounted crossbeam 28 does not. Since the mulch film is a soft material, it can be effectively compacted by the subsequent compaction rollers 13. The contour-following of the front swing frame 4 and the rear swing frame 14 enables the implement to have contour-following passage capabilities at both the front and rear ends. Based on the basic embodiment, the film-mounted crossbeam 28 can be modified to follow the contour, forming an all-terrain contour-following passage capability at the front, middle, and rear ends through the front swing frame 4, the film-mounted crossbeam 28, and the rear swing frame 14, further improving the overall contour-following performance of the implement, while the mulch film also conforms to the ground.
[0029] Before operation, the tractor's three-point suspension is connected to the implement mounting plate 3 and the upper tie rod 17, respectively, to pull the implement forward. During operation, the ditching disc 5 opens up the soil, the fertilizer wheel 6 drives the fertilizer chain drive 7 to drive the fertilizer box 16, and the fertilizer falls into the soil through the fertilizer shovel 20. The film spreading roller 18 unfolds the mulch film 19 and lays it on the ground. The concave film pressing roller 9 rolls the mulch film to make it adhere tightly to the ground. The soil covering disc 10 turns the soil up and places it on the edge or surface of the film, achieving the effect of covering the edge or surface of the film with soil. The seed metering wheel 11 drives the seed metering chain drive 12 to drive the seed box 15, and the seeds are sown into the soil on both sides of the mulch film through the sowing disc 21. The seed bed pressing roller 13 compacts the soil after sowing. The traction frame 1 and the front end of the central longitudinal beam 2 are movably connected. When the tractor is not traveling in a straight line, the traction frame 1 rotates within a certain range around the traction pin 22, which can realize S-shaped route operation. To facilitate reversing, the upper tie rod 17 on the upper part of the longitudinal beam 2 is provided with arc-shaped slots. The machine uses the relative position of the three-point suspension components and the slots to achieve arched tillage and improve sowing quality. The front swing frame 4 of the fertilization mechanism and the rear swing frame 14 of the film laying mechanism are connected to the longitudinal beam 2 by the front swing pin 27 and the rear swing pin 26. When encountering uneven ground, the weight of the film laying mechanism and the fertilization mechanism will cause them to tilt to the lower side. This ensures that the ditching disc 5, fertilization wheel 6, fertilizer shovel 20, film spreading roller 18, concave film pressing wheel 9, soil covering disc 10, seed metering wheel 11, sowing disc 21 and seedbed pressing wheel 13 on the same side tilt together and contact the ground surface, thus better completing the ditching, fertilization, film laying, sowing and pressing operations.
Claims
1. A mountain self-conforming walking component, characterized in that... The system includes a traction frame (1), a central longitudinal beam (2), a front swing frame (4), and a rear swing frame (14). The traction frame (14) is connected to the tractor. The front end of the central longitudinal beam (2) is connected to the traction frame (1). A front mounting plate (30) and a rear mounting plate (29) are fixedly connected to the central longitudinal beam (2). A front pin plate (24) is provided on the front swing frame (4), and a rear pin plate (25) is provided on the rear swing frame (14). The front pin plate (24), the rear pin plate (25), and the front mounting plate (14) are all connected to the tractor. Pin holes are provided on the plate (30) and the rear mounting plate (29). The front pin plate (24) of the front swing frame (4) is connected to the front mounting plate (30) of the middle longitudinal beam (2) through the front swing pin (27). The rear pin plate (25) of the rear swing frame (14) is connected to the rear mounting plate (29) of the middle longitudinal beam (2) through the rear swing pin (26). The axial direction of the pin is consistent with the axial direction of the middle longitudinal beam (2). The front swing frame (4) and the rear swing frame (14) swing along the pin to adjust the angle.
2. The mountain self-conforming walking component according to claim 1, characterized in that... The front mounting plate (30) or rear mounting plate (29) is divided into a fixed support plate (31) and a connecting shaft plate (32). The fixed support plate (31) is provided with a snap-fit notch (34). The fixed support plate (31) is snap-fitted and fixedly connected to the middle longitudinal beam (2) through the snap-fit notch (34). There are two fixed support plates (31) and two connecting shaft plates (32). The two fixed support plates (31) are arranged in parallel. The two fixed support plates (31) are fixedly connected through the connecting shaft plates (32). The two fixed support plates (31) are provided with connecting shaft plates (32) on the left and right sides of the lower part. The two connecting shaft plates (32) are provided with reserved insertion holes (33) at intervals. The front pin plate (24) or the rear pin plate (25) is inserted along the insertion hole (33). The width of the insertion hole (33) is greater than the width of the front pin plate (24) and the rear pin plate (25).
3. The mountain self-conforming walking component according to claim 1, characterized in that... The end of the longitudinal beam (2) is provided with a front plate (23). The traction frame (1) is connected to the front plate (23) of the longitudinal beam through a traction pin (22). The axial direction of the traction pin (22) is consistent with the radial direction of the longitudinal beam (2). The traction frame (1) swings along the traction pin (22) to adjust the angle.
4. The mountain self-conforming walking component according to claim 1, characterized in that... The longitudinal beam (2) is provided with an upper tie rod (17), the upper tie rod (17) is provided with an arc-shaped hole, and the traction frame (1) is provided with a hanging plate (3) at both ends, and multiple connection holes are opened on the hanging plate (3).
5. A mountain self-conforming ridging, fertilizing, and film-side seeding machine, characterized in that... Includes the mountain self-conforming walking component, functional component, fertilizer box (16) and seed box (15) as described in any one of claims 1 to 4; the front swing frame (4) and rear swing frame (14) of the mountain self-conforming walking component are respectively provided with fertilizer box (16), seed box (15) and at least one functional component, the functional component including ditching disc (5), fertilizing wheel (6), soil covering disc (10), seeding wheel (11), seedbed pressing wheel (13) and sowing disc (21).
6. The mountain self-conforming ridging and fertilizing film-side seeder according to claim 5, characterized in that... The longitudinal beam (2) is the main frame of the whole machine. The front of the longitudinal beam (2) is equipped with a traction frame (1). The left and right ends of the traction frame (1) are equipped with hanging plates (3). The upper front of the longitudinal beam (2) is equipped with an upper pull rod (17). The lower front of the longitudinal beam (2) is equipped with a front swing frame (4). The front of the front swing frame (4) is equipped with a trenching disc (5). The rear of the front swing frame (4) is equipped with a fertilizer shovel (20). The upper part of the front swing frame (4) is equipped with a fertilizer box (16). The lower part of the fertilizer box (16) is equipped with an auger shaft. The side of the front swing frame (4) The system is equipped with a fertilizer roller (6) and a fertilizer chain drive (7). The fertilizer roller (6) is driven by the auger shaft through the fertilizer chain drive (7). The fertilizer roller (6) rolls along the plot, driving the fertilizer chain drive (7) to rotate. The fertilizer chain drive (7) drives the auger shaft to stir the fertilizer in the fertilizer box (16). The fertilizer falls onto the plot and is mixed into the soil by the fertilizer shovel (20). The lower part of the middle longitudinal beam (2) is provided with a film hanging beam (28). The film hanging beam (28) is provided with a film hanging frame (8). The film hanging frame (8) is provided with various... The film roll (19), the film spreading roller (18), and the concave film pressing wheel (9) are provided. The film spreading roller (18) is located at the lower front part of the film hanging frame (8), the film roll (19) is located at the upper front part of the film hanging frame (8), and the concave film pressing wheel (9) is located at the lower part of the film hanging frame (8). The rear swing frame (14) is located at the lower rear part of the middle longitudinal beam (2). The lower front part of the rear swing frame (14) is provided with a soil covering disc (10), the lower rear part of the rear swing frame (14) is provided with a sowing disc (21), and the lower rear part of the rear swing frame (14) is provided with a seed bed pressing wheel (13). The upper part of the rear swing frame (14) is provided with a seed box (15), the lower part of the seed box (15) is provided with an auger shaft, the side of the rear swing frame (14) is provided with a seed-distributing wheel (11) and a seed-distributing chain drive (12). The seed-distributing wheel (11) is driven by the seed-distributing chain drive (12) in conjunction with the auger shaft. The seed-distributing wheel (11) rolls along the plot and drives the seed-distributing chain drive (12) to rotate. The fertilizer chain drive (7) drives the auger shaft to stir the seeds in the seed box (15). The seeds fall to the plot and are pressed into the soil by the seed bed pressing wheel (13).
7. The mountain self-conforming ridging and fertilizing film-side seeder according to claim 6, characterized in that... At least two ditching discs (5), fertilizer shovels (20) and fertilizer wheels (6) are provided on the front swing frame (4), and at least two soil covering discs (10), seeding discs (21) and seedbed pressing wheels (13) are provided on the rear swing frame (14); the ditching discs (5), fertilizer shovels (20), fertilizer wheels (6), soil covering discs (10), seeding discs (21) and seedbed pressing wheels (13) are symmetrically distributed along the central longitudinal beam (2).
8. The mountain self-conforming ridging and fertilizing film-side seeder according to claim 7, characterized in that... The fertilizer box (16) and seed box (15) are funnel-shaped, with open tops and leak holes at the bottom. The auger shaft is close to the leak holes but does not contact them.
9. The mountain self-conforming ridging and fertilizing film-side seeder according to claim 7, characterized in that... The front swing frame (4) and the rear swing frame (14) are arranged at intervals on the longitudinal beam (2). The front swing frame (4) swings along the front swing pin (27) to adjust the angle, and the rear swing frame (14) swings along the rear swing pin (26) to adjust the angle. The swing adjustment angle of the front swing frame (4) and the rear swing frame (14) is 30~60°. The swing limit position is when the front swing frame (4) and the rear swing frame (14) swing to the left and right side connecting shaft plates (32) in contact.
10. The mountain self-conforming ridging and fertilizing film-side seeder according to claim 9, characterized in that... The film-hanging beam (28) is located between the front swing frame (4) and the rear swing frame (14). A pin plate is provided on the film-hanging beam (28), a fixed support plate (31) is provided on the middle longitudinal beam (2), and a film-hanging frame (8) is provided on the film-hanging beam (28). Connecting shaft plates (32) are provided on the left and right sides of the lower part of the fixed support plate (31). The two connecting shaft plates (32) are spaced apart with reserved insertion holes (33). The pin plate is inserted along the insertion holes (33). (33) The width is greater than the width of the pin plate. The pin plate is connected to the fixed support plate (31) by the pin. The hanging beam (28) and the hanging frame (8) swing along the pin to adjust the angle. The hanging frame (8) is provided with a ground film roll (19), a film spreading roller (18) and a concave film pressing wheel (9). The film spreading roller (18) is located at the lower front of the hanging frame (8), the ground film roll (19) is located at the upper front of the hanging frame (8), and the concave film pressing wheel (9) is located at the lower part of the hanging frame (8).