A linkage type multi-row switchable seed metering device

Abstract

The application discloses a linkage type multi-row switchable seed arranging device and belongs to the technical field of seeding machines. The device comprises a frame, a walking module, a telescopic slide, an angle adjusting assembly and a mounting rod. Multiple groups of seed arranging units are evenly arranged on the mounting rod along the length direction of the mounting rod. The seed arranging unit comprises a first rear suspension, a hole-eye seed sowing device and a fertilizing and soil covering module. The fertilizing and soil covering module comprises a second rear suspension, a soil covering mechanism, a soil pressing mechanism and a synchronous fertilizing mechanism. In the foregoing manner, the hole-eye seed sowing device of each group of seed arranging units can be independently opened and closed through a mechanical blocking structure. According to the width and narrowness of the field plot and the agronomic demand, two groups of seed arranging units can be selectively closed, so that the defects of the fixed row number of the traditional seeding machine and the incapability of adapting to irregular hilly plots are solved. After seeding, the mixture of soil and fertilizer is covered on the surface of the seeds through the soil covering mechanism, and the soil is simultaneously pressed through the soil pressing mechanism, so that the surface soil has no obvious large gap and is beneficial to the seed germination and root growth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seeder technology, and specifically to a linkage-type multi-row switchable seed metering device. Background Technology

[0002] The hilly and mountainous areas of Southwest China are characterized by small, irregularly shaped plots, significant terrain undulations, and inconsistent row spacing. Currently available small remote-controlled seeders with their pit-type seeding structures suffer from the following inherent technical defects, which have long been a pain point for the industry: 1. Fixed number of rows, extremely poor adaptability: Traditional seeding mechanisms are mostly fixed with 2 or 4 rows, which cannot quickly switch the number of rows according to the width of small plots in hilly areas and the agronomic requirements of planting. Narrow plots are prone to seedling smothering, and wide plots have low operating efficiency. They are poorly adapted to the complex terrain of Southwest China.

[0003] 2. Disconnect between seeding speed and walking speed: Most existing small seeders use fixed-speed seeding, and the walking speed does not affect the seeding speed at all. This leads to problems such as inconsistent plant spacing, double seeding, missed seeding, and broken rows when walking on undulating terrain and manually adjusting the speed. The uniformity of seeding cannot be guaranteed.

[0004] 3. Uneven soil covering after sowing: Existing seeders typically use only tilted impellers to spread soil onto the seeds after planting. Since the soil on the ridges is prone to hardening and clumping, the soil covering on the seeds will be unevenly distributed, affecting the seed growth effect.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention designs a linkage-type multi-row switchable seeding device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a linkage-type multi-row switchable seeding device.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A linkage-type multi-row switchable seeding device includes a frame, a walking module, and a mounting rod; The walking module is fixedly installed at the lower end of the vehicle frame; A telescopic slide is fixedly installed on the upper end of the vehicle frame, and the end of the telescopic slide away from the vehicle frame is inclined to the ground. The movable end of the telescopic slide is evenly equipped with multiple sets of angle adjustment components along the width direction of the frame, and the mounting rod is connected to the output end of all angle adjustment components; Multiple sets of seeding units are evenly installed on the mounting rod along its length. The seeding unit includes a first rear suspension, a seeding device, and a fertilizer and soil covering module. The mounting rod is fixedly connected to one end of the first rear suspension, and the seeding device is rotatably mounted on the other end of the first rear suspension. The fertilizer and soil covering module is connected to the mounting rod and located on the side of the seeding device away from the frame. The fertilization and soil covering module includes a second rear suspension, a soil covering mechanism, a soil pressing mechanism, and a synchronous fertilization mechanism. The second rear suspension is fixedly connected to the mounting rod. The soil covering mechanism, the soil pressing mechanism, and the synchronous fertilization mechanism are all installed on the second rear suspension. The soil covering mechanism is located between the seeding device and the soil pressing mechanism. The discharge end of the synchronous fertilization mechanism is connected to the soil covering mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the soil covering mechanism includes a first connecting rod, a soil-pushing disc, a soil-covering wheel, a soil outlet, and a first wheel frame. The first wheel frame is fixedly installed inside the soil-covering wheel. The upper end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the second rear suspension, and the lower end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the first wheel frame. A torsion spring is sleeved on the hinge shaft between the first connecting rod and the second rear suspension. The two elastic legs of the torsion spring are fixedly connected to the first connecting rod and the second rear suspension, respectively, so that the first connecting rod can drive the soil-covering wheel to press against the ground. A support arm is provided on the side of the second rear suspension. The side of the hanging device is connected to the upper end of the support arm via a floating component. The soil-dispensing disc is rotatably installed at the lower end of the support arm and is located on the side of the covering wheel. Multiple soil outlets are evenly distributed in the middle of the covering wheel along its circumference. As the walking module drives the frame forward, the covering wheel pushes the soil on the ridges towards the inside of the covering wheel. As the covering wheel rotates on the ground, the soil on the ridges flows along the axial direction of the covering wheel and is spilled onto the ground when passing through the soil outlets, covering the surface of the planted seeds with a layer of soil to facilitate seed germination and growth.

[0009] Furthermore, an automatic crushing and mixing component is also installed inside the covering wheel. The automatic crushing and mixing component includes fixed crushing teeth, movable crushing teeth, and a first connecting frame. Multiple movable crushing teeth are arranged in a circumferential array and fixedly installed on the inner wall of the covering wheel. The first connecting frame is fixedly installed on the end of the first connecting rod away from the second rear suspension. The fixed crushing teeth are located on the inner side of the covering wheel and are fixedly connected to the first connecting frame. The tooth-like structures of the fixed crushing teeth and the movable crushing teeth are staggered.

[0010] Furthermore, a soil sieve is installed at the soil outlet, ensuring that only soil particles with a preset size can leak out from the covering wheel.

[0011] Furthermore, the portion of the fixed breaking teeth located inside the cover wheel is inclined downwards to guide the soil inside the cover wheel to flow axially along the cover wheel.

[0012] Furthermore, the synchronous fertilization mechanism includes a hopper, a rotary feeder, and a guide pipe. The hopper is fixedly installed on the second rear suspension, the rotary feeder is fixedly installed on the discharge end of the hopper, the inlet end of the guide pipe is fixedly connected to the discharge end of the rotary feeder, and the discharge end of the guide pipe extends into the inside of the covering wheel.

[0013] Furthermore, the soil compaction mechanism includes a second connecting rod, a soil compaction wheel, a second wheel frame, and a percussion compaction assembly. The second wheel frame is fixedly installed inside the soil compaction wheel. The upper end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the second rear suspension, and the lower end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the second wheel frame. A torsion spring is sleeved on the hinge shaft between the second connecting rod and the second rear suspension. The two elastic legs of the torsion spring are fixedly connected to the second connecting rod and the second rear suspension, respectively, so that the second connecting rod can drive the soil compaction wheel to press firmly against the ground. The outer side of the second wheel frame is covered with a nylon cloth sleeve to prevent soil from sticking to the outer surface of the second wheel frame. A percussion compaction assembly is installed inside the soil compaction wheel.

[0014] Furthermore, the impact-type compaction assembly includes sliding rods, hammer balls, and a power storage component. Multiple rows of sliding rods are fixedly installed in a circumferential array inside the compaction wheel. Each row of sliding rods consists of multiple sliding rods evenly distributed along the axial direction of the compaction wheel, and each sliding rod is slidably connected to a hammer ball. A power storage component is also provided inside the compaction wheel.

[0015] Furthermore, the energy storage assembly includes an adjustable elastic energy storage structure, a crossbar, rollers, an energy storage track, and a second connecting frame. Each sliding rod has an adjustable elastic energy storage structure installed at its extended end. The hammers in the same row are all fixedly connected to the same crossbar. The second connecting frame is fixedly installed at the end of the second connecting rod away from the second rear suspension. The energy storage track is fixedly installed on the second connecting frame. The rollers are rotatably installed at the end of the crossbar and are connected to the inner side of the energy storage track. Furthermore, the adjustable elastic energy storage structure includes a baffle, an adjusting nut, and an elastic element. Each sliding rod has a baffle inserted into its extended end, and an adjusting nut is rotatably connected to the baffle. The adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the sliding rod. An elastic element is also fixedly installed at the end of the baffle near the hammer ball.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The seeding unit is arranged in four groups side by side, with an overall working width of 1400mm. The seeders of each group of seeding units can be opened and closed independently through a mechanical sealing structure. Depending on the width of the field plot and agronomic needs, two groups of seeding units can be selectively closed, quickly achieving free switching between 4-row full-width operation, 2-row, and 3-row narrow-width operation. This solves the defects of traditional seeders with fixed row numbers and inability to adapt to irregular hilly plots. After sowing, a mixture of soil and fertilizer is covered on the seed surface by a soil covering mechanism, and the soil covering mechanism is simultaneously compacted to make the surface soil free of large gaps, reducing the loss of soil moisture to the air and promoting seed germination and root growth.

[0017] 2. Each seeding unit is equipped with a detachable multi-size seeding roller, which corresponds to the seed size of soybeans, corn, wheat and sorghum. The seeding roller can be quickly changed to adapt to the seeding needs of different crops. It is a multi-purpose machine with strong versatility.

[0018] 3. Each seeding unit is equipped with a speed sensor for its seeding holes, forming a closed-loop linkage with the overall machine's walking control system. The main control chip dynamically adjusts the speed of the seeding holes based on the real-time feedback of the walking module's walking speed. When the walking speed in the field increases, the seeding speed of the seeding holes automatically increases synchronously. When the walking speed decreases, idles, or stops, the seeding speed decreases or stops synchronously, thus ensuring that the walking speed of the walking module and the seeding speed of the seeding holes always maintain a preset linear relationship. This achieves dynamic speed matching and constant plant spacing throughout the process, solving the problems of missed sowing, double sowing, and uneven plant spacing caused by bumpy terrain and speed-adjusting walking.

[0019] 4. The telescopic slide adopts a screw-type servo slide, which can adjust the height of the entire seed metering unit off the ground and accurately lock the seeding depth in the range of 150-200mm. It can automatically make fine adjustments according to the soil moisture and soil hardness, replacing the traditional manual coarse adjustment structure, and the depth consistency is extremely high.

[0020] 5. As the walking module drives the frame forward, the covering wheel pushes the soil on the ridges towards the inside of the covering wheel. As the covering wheel rotates on the ground, the soil on the ridges flows along the axis of the covering wheel on the inside of the covering wheel. With the cooperation of the fixed breaking teeth and the movable breaking teeth, the soil inside the covering wheel is broken. The broken soil is spilled onto the ground when it passes through the soil outlet, covering the surface of the planted seeds with a layer of soil to facilitate seed germination and growth. Excess soil will be discharged from the other side of the covering wheel.

[0021] 6. The soil covering mechanism covers the seed surface with a mixture of soil and fertilizer, and the soil compaction mechanism simultaneously compacts the soil, making the surface soil free of large gaps, reducing the loss of soil moisture to the air, and promoting seed germination and root growth. At the same time, by changing the force storage effect of the hammer ball, the compaction effect of the soil compaction wheel can be easily adjusted, making it highly applicable. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This invention provides a three-dimensional linkage multi-row switchable seeding device. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a front view of a linkage-type multi-row switchable seeding device according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial perspective view of a linkage-type multi-row switchable seeding device according to the present invention; Figure 4 The structural three-dimensional representation of the fertilization and soil covering module of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 5 The structural three-dimensional representation of the fertilization and soil covering module of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 6 The structural three-dimensional representation of the fertilization and soil covering module of the present invention Figure 3 ; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the soil covering mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the soil compaction mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0024] The labels in the diagram represent: 10. Frame; 11. Walking module; 12. Telescopic slide; 13. Electric push rod; 14. Triangular connecting seat; 15. Mounting rod; 2. First rear suspension; 3. Hole seeder; 4. Second rear suspension; 5. Soil covering mechanism; 51. First connecting rod; 52. Soil-dispensing disc; 53. Soil-covering wheel; 54. Soil outlet; 55. First wheel frame; 56. Fixed crushing tooth; 57. Movable crushing tooth; 58. First connecting frame; 59. Soil screen; 6. Soil pressing mechanism; 61. Second connecting rod; 62. Soil pressing wheel; 63. Second wheel frame; 64. Sliding rod; 65. Hammer ball; 66. Baffle; 67. Adjusting nut; 68. Elastic element; 69. Crossbar; 610. Roller; 611. Power storage rail; 612. Second connecting frame; 7. Synchronous fertilization mechanism; 71. Hopper; 72. Rotary feeder; 73. Guide pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The terms "left," "right," "front," "back," "up," and "down" used in the following description refer to the orientation from the perspective of the front view.

[0027] In some embodiments, please refer to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-3 A linkage-type multi-row switchable seeding device includes a frame 10, a walking module 11, and a mounting rod 15; The walking module 11 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the frame 10. In this embodiment, the walking module 11 adopts a tracked walking structure, which enables the device to be used in complex terrain.

[0028] A telescopic slide 12 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the frame 10, and the end of the telescopic slide 12 away from the frame 10 is inclined to the ground. The movable end of the telescopic slide 12 is evenly equipped with multiple sets of angle adjustment components along the width direction of the frame 10, and the mounting rod 15 is connected to the output end of all angle adjustment components. Multiple sets of seeding units are evenly installed on the mounting rod 15 along its length. The seeding unit includes a first rear suspension 2 and a seeding device 3. The mounting rod 15 is fixedly connected to one end of the first rear suspension 2, and the seeding device 3 is rotatably mounted on the other end of the first rear suspension 2. In some embodiments, please refer to the accompanying drawings. Figures 4-9 The seeding unit also includes a fertilization and soil covering module, which is connected to the mounting rod 15 and is located on the side of the seeder 3 away from the frame 10. The fertilization and soil covering module includes a second rear suspension 4, a soil covering mechanism 5, a soil pressing mechanism 6, and a synchronous fertilization mechanism 7. The second rear suspension 4 is fixedly connected to the mounting rod 15. The soil covering mechanism 5, the soil pressing mechanism 6, and the synchronous fertilization mechanism 7 are all installed on the second rear suspension 4. The soil covering mechanism 5 is located between the seeding device 3 and the soil pressing mechanism 6. The discharge end of the synchronous fertilization mechanism 7 is connected to the soil covering mechanism 5.

[0029] In this embodiment, four sets of seeding units are arranged side by side, with an overall operating width of 1400mm. The seeders 3 of each seeding unit can be independently opened and closed through a mechanical sealing structure. Depending on the width of the field plot and agronomic needs, two sets of seeding units can be selectively closed, quickly achieving free switching between 4-row full-width operation, 2-row, and 3-row narrow-width operation. This solves the defects of traditional seeders with fixed row numbers and inability to adapt to irregular hilly plots. After sowing, a mixture of soil and fertilizer is covered on the seed surface by the soil covering mechanism 5, and the soil covering is simultaneously compacted by the soil pressing mechanism 6, so that there are no obvious large gaps in the surface soil, reducing the loss of soil moisture to the air and promoting seed germination and root growth.

[0030] In this embodiment, each seeding unit's seeder 3 is equipped with detachable multi-specification seeding wheels, corresponding to the seed particle sizes of soybeans, corn, wheat, and sorghum, respectively. By quickly changing the seeding wheels, it can adapt to the sowing needs of different crops, making it a versatile and multi-functional machine.

[0031] In this invention, each seeding unit's seeder 3 is equipped with a speed sensor, forming a closed-loop linkage with the overall machine's walking control system. Through real-time feedback of the walking speed signal from the walking module 11, the main control chip dynamically adjusts the speed of the seeder 3. When the walking speed in the field increases, the seeding speed of the seeder 3 is automatically and synchronously increased. When the walking speed decreases, idles, or stops, the seeding speed decreases and stops synchronously, so that the walking speed of the walking module 11 and the seeding speed of the seeder 3 always maintain a preset linear relationship, achieving dynamic speed matching and constant plant spacing throughout the process, solving the problems of missed sowing, double sowing, and uneven plant spacing caused by bumpy hilly terrain and speed-adjusting walking.

[0032] In this invention, the telescopic slide 12 adopts a screw-type servo slide. The telescopic slide 12 can adjust the ground clearance of the overall seeding unit and accurately lock the seeding depth in the range of 150-200mm. It can automatically make fine adjustments according to the soil moisture and soil hardness, replacing the traditional manual coarse adjustment structure, and the depth consistency is extremely high.

[0033] In some embodiments, the angle adjustment assembly includes an electric push rod 13 and a triangular connecting seat 14. One extension end of the lower side of the triangular connecting seat 14 is hinged to the moving end of the telescopic slide 12, and the other extension end of the lower side of the triangular connecting seat 14 is fixedly connected to the mounting rod 15. The housing of the electric push rod 13 is hinged to the moving end of the telescopic slide 12, and the output end of the electric push rod 13 is hinged to the extension end of the upper side of the triangular connecting seat 14. By controlling the cooperation between the electric push rod 13 and the triangular connecting seat 14, all seeding units can be synchronously flipped through the mounting rod 15 to retract or lower the seeding units, thereby switching the working state.

[0034] The soil covering mechanism 5 includes a first connecting rod 51, a soil-dispensing disc 52, a soil-covering wheel 53, a soil outlet 54, and a first wheel frame 55. The first wheel frame 55 is fixedly installed inside the soil-covering wheel 53. The upper end of the first connecting rod 51 is hinged to the second rear suspension 4, and the lower end of the first connecting rod 51 is rotatably connected to the first wheel frame 55. A torsion spring is sleeved on the hinge shaft between the first connecting rod 51 and the second rear suspension 4. The two elastic legs of the torsion spring are fixedly connected to the first connecting rod 51 and the second rear suspension 4, respectively, so that the first connecting rod 51 can drive the soil-covering wheel 53 to press against the ground. A support arm is provided on the side of the second rear suspension 4. The side of the hanging 4 is connected to the upper end of the support arm through a floating component. The soil-dispensing disc 52 is rotatably installed at the lower end of the support arm and is located on the side of the covering wheel 53. Multiple soil outlets 54 are evenly opened in the middle of the covering wheel 53 along its circumference. When the walking module 11 drives the frame 10 to move, the covering wheel 53 pushes the soil on the ridge to the inside of the covering wheel 53. When the covering wheel 53 rotates on the ground, the soil on the ridge flows along the axial direction of the covering wheel 53 on the inside of the covering wheel 53 and is spilled onto the ground when passing through the soil outlets 54, covering the surface of the planted seeds with a layer of soil to facilitate seed germination and growth.

[0035] An automatic crushing and mixing component is also installed inside the covering wheel 53. The automatic crushing and mixing component includes fixed crushing teeth 56, movable crushing teeth 57, and a first connecting frame 58. Multiple movable crushing teeth 57 are arranged in a circumferential array and fixedly installed on the inner wall of the covering wheel 53. The first connecting frame 58 is fixedly installed on the end of the first connecting rod 51 away from the second rear suspension 4. The fixed crushing teeth 56 are located inside the covering wheel 53 and are fixedly connected to the first connecting frame 58. The tooth-like structures of the fixed crushing teeth 56 and the movable crushing teeth 57 are staggered. When the soil is pushed into the covering wheel 53, the rotation of the covering wheel 53 causes the fixed crushing teeth 56 and the movable crushing teeth 57 to move relative to each other. Thus, the soil inside the covering wheel 53 is crushed by the cooperation of the fixed crushing teeth 56 and the movable crushing teeth 57, making the soil covering the seeds of higher quality and more conducive to seed growth.

[0036] In this embodiment, a soil screen 59 is also installed on the soil outlet 54, so that only soil particles with a preset size can leak out from the covering wheel 53, while soil particles that do not meet the preset size will be discharged from the opening on the side of the covering wheel 53 away from the soil-removing plate 52, thereby achieving further sorting of the soil covering the seeds.

[0037] In this embodiment, the portion of the fixed breaking tooth 56 located inside the covering wheel 53 is inclined downwards to guide the soil inside the covering wheel 53 to flow axially along the covering wheel 53, so that excess soil can be discharged from the other side of the covering wheel 53.

[0038] The synchronous fertilization mechanism 7 includes a hopper 71, a rotary feeder 72, and a guide pipe 73. The hopper 71 is fixedly installed on the second rear suspension 4, the rotary feeder 72 is fixedly installed on the discharge end of the hopper 71, and the inlet end of the guide pipe 73 is fixedly connected to the discharge end of the rotary feeder 72. The discharge end of the guide pipe 73 extends into the inner side of the covering wheel 53. During the movement of the vehicle frame 10 driven by the walking module 11, the hopper 71 continuously discharges fertilizer through the rotary feeder 72 and transports the fertilizer to the inner side of the covering wheel 53 through the guide pipe 73. The fertilizer mixes with the soil in the covering wheel 53 and then evenly covers the seeds through the soil outlet 54, providing precise and easily absorbed nutrients for seed germination and early seedling growth, thereby cultivating strong seedlings and laying the foundation for high yield.

[0039] The soil compaction mechanism 6 includes a second connecting rod 61, a soil compaction wheel 62, a second wheel frame 63, and a percussion compaction assembly. The second wheel frame 63 is fixedly installed inside the soil compaction wheel 62. The upper end of the second connecting rod 61 is hinged to the second rear suspension 4, and the lower end of the second connecting rod 61 is rotatably connected to the second wheel frame 63. A torsion spring is sleeved on the hinge shaft between the second connecting rod 61 and the second rear suspension 4. The two elastic legs of the torsion spring are fixedly connected to the second connecting rod 61 and the second rear suspension 4, respectively, so that the second connecting rod 61 can drive the soil compaction wheel 62 to press against the ground. The outer side of the second wheel frame 63 is covered with a nylon cloth sleeve to prevent soil from sticking to the outer surface of the second wheel frame 63. A percussion compaction assembly is installed inside the soil compaction wheel 62. The percussion compaction assembly includes sliding rods 64, hammer balls 65, and a power storage assembly. Multiple rows of sliding rods 64 are fixedly installed in a circumferential array inside the compaction wheel 62. Each row of sliding rods 64 consists of multiple sliding rods 64 evenly distributed along the axial direction of the compaction wheel 62. A hammer ball 65 is slidably connected to each sliding rod 64. A power storage assembly is also provided inside the compaction wheel 62. The power storage assembly includes a baffle 66, an adjusting nut 67, an elastic element 68, a crossbar 69, a roller 610, a power storage track 611, and a second connecting frame 612. Each slide rod 64 has a baffle 66 inserted into its extended end. An adjusting nut 67 is rotatably connected to the baffle 66 and threadedly connected to the slide rod 64. An elastic element 68 is also fixedly installed at the end of the baffle 66 near the ball 65. All balls 65 in the same row are fixedly connected to the same crossbar 69. The second connecting frame 612 is fixedly installed at the end of the second connecting rod 61 away from the second rear suspension 4. The power storage track 611 is fixedly installed on the second connecting frame 612. The roller 610 is rotatably installed at the end of the crossbar 69 and is connected to the inner side of the power storage track 611. In some embodiments, the elastic element 68 is a compression spring.

[0040] In this embodiment, the energy storage track 611 is spiral-shaped. After the hammer ball 65 falls and strikes the inner wall of the compaction wheel 62, the roller 610 rolls along the inner side of the energy storage track 611, causing the hammer ball 65 to gradually slide along the slide rod 64 towards the rotation axis of the compaction wheel 62. The energy storage function of the hammer ball 65 is realized through the elastic element 68. After the hammer ball 65 leaves the energy storage track 611, it can slide freely along the slide rod 64. When the pressure of the compaction wheel 62 on the soil is small, the compaction effect of the soil is achieved by the hammer ball 65 alone. Furthermore, the distance between the baffle 66 and the inner wall of the compaction wheel 62 can be changed by rotating the adjusting nut 67, thereby changing the energy storage effect of the elastic element 68. This makes the compaction effect of the compaction wheel 62 easy to adjust and highly applicable.

[0041] In this embodiment, both the first rear suspension 2 and the second rear suspension 4 are spring suspensions. By adjusting the spring stiffness, this device can be used to operate on ground with different hardness.

[0042] In this embodiment, the floating component adopts a spring-slider floating structure.

[0043] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A linkage-type multi-row switchable seeding device, comprising a frame (10), a walking module (11), and a mounting rod (15), characterized in that: The walking module (11) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the frame (10); A telescopic slide (12) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the frame (10), and the end of the telescopic slide (12) away from the frame (10) is inclined to the ground; The movable end of the telescopic slide (12) is evenly equipped with multiple sets of angle adjustment components along the width direction of the frame (10), and the mounting rod (15) is connected to the output end of all angle adjustment components; Multiple seeding units are evenly installed on the mounting rod (15) along its length. The seeding unit includes a first rear suspension (2), a seeding device (3), and a fertilization and soil covering module. The mounting rod (15) is fixedly connected to one end of the first rear suspension (2), and the seeding device (3) is rotatably mounted on the other end of the first rear suspension (2). The fertilization and soil covering module is connected to the mounting rod (15) and located on the side of the seeding device (3) away from the frame (10). The fertilization and soil covering module includes a second rear suspension (4), a soil covering mechanism (5), a soil pressing mechanism (6), and a synchronous fertilization mechanism (7). The second rear suspension (4) is fixedly connected to the mounting rod (15). The soil covering mechanism (5), the soil pressing mechanism (6), and the synchronous fertilization mechanism (7) are all installed on the second rear suspension (4). The soil covering mechanism (5) is located between the seeding device (3) and the soil pressing mechanism (6). The discharge end of the synchronous fertilization mechanism (7) is connected to the soil covering mechanism (5).

2. The linkage-type multi-row switchable seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil covering mechanism (5) includes a first connecting rod (51), a soil-dispensing disc (52), a soil covering wheel (53), a soil outlet (54), and a first wheel frame (55). The first wheel frame (55) is fixedly installed inside the soil covering wheel (53). The upper end of the first connecting rod (51) is hinged to the second rear suspension (4), and the lower end of the first connecting rod (51) is rotatably connected to the first wheel frame (55). A torsion spring is sleeved on the hinge shaft between the first connecting rod (51) and the second rear suspension (4). The two elastic legs of the torsion spring are fixedly connected to the first connecting rod (51) and the second rear suspension (4) respectively, so that the first connecting rod (51) can drive the soil covering wheel (53) to press against the ground. A support arm is provided on the side of the second rear suspension (4). The side of the second rear suspension (4) is connected to the upper end of the support arm through a floating component. The soil-pulling disc (52) is rotatably installed at the lower end of the support arm and is located on the side of the covering wheel (53). Multiple soil outlets (54) are evenly opened in the middle of the covering wheel (53) along its circumference. When the walking module (11) drives the frame (10) to move, the covering wheel (53) pushes the soil to the inside of the covering wheel (53). When the covering wheel (53) rotates on the ground, the soil flows along the axial direction of the covering wheel (53) inside the covering wheel (53) and is spilled onto the ground when passing through the soil outlet (54), covering the surface of the planted seeds with soil to facilitate the germination and growth of the seeds.

3. The linkage-type multi-row switchable seeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The soil-covering wheel (53) is also equipped with an automatic crushing and mixing component. The automatic crushing and mixing component includes a fixed crushing tooth (56), a movable crushing tooth (57), and a first connecting frame (58). Multiple movable crushing teeth (57) are arranged in a circumferential array and fixedly installed on the inner wall of the soil-covering wheel (53). The first connecting frame (58) is fixedly installed on the end of the first connecting rod (51) away from the second rear suspension (4). The fixed crushing tooth (56) is located on the inner side of the soil-covering wheel (53) and is fixedly connected to the first connecting frame (58). The tooth-like structures of the fixed crushing tooth (56) and the movable crushing tooth (57) are staggered.

4. The linkage-type multi-row switchable seeding device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A soil screen (59) is also installed on the soil outlet (54) so ​​that only soil particles with a preset size can leak out from the covering wheel (53).

5. The linkage-type multi-row switchable seeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The portion of the fixed breaking tooth (56) located inside the covering wheel (53) is inclined downwards to guide the soil inside the covering wheel (53) to flow axially along the covering wheel (53).

6. The linkage-type multi-row switchable seeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The synchronous fertilization mechanism (7) includes a hopper (71), a rotary feeder (72), and a guide pipe (73). The hopper (71) is fixedly installed on the second rear suspension (4). The rotary feeder (72) is fixedly installed at the discharge end of the hopper (71). The feed end of the guide pipe (73) is fixedly connected to the discharge end of the rotary feeder (72). The discharge end of the guide pipe (73) extends into the inside of the covering wheel (53).

7. The linkage-type multi-row switchable seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil compaction mechanism (6) includes a second connecting rod (61), a soil compaction wheel (62), a second wheel frame (63), and a percussion compaction assembly. The second wheel frame (63) is fixedly installed inside the soil compaction wheel (62). The upper end of the second connecting rod (61) is hinged to the second rear suspension (4), and the lower end of the second connecting rod (61) is rotatably connected to the second wheel frame (63). A torsion spring is sleeved on the hinge shaft between the second connecting rod (61) and the second rear suspension (4). The two elastic legs of the torsion spring are fixedly connected to the second connecting rod (61) and the second rear suspension (4) respectively, so that the second connecting rod (61) can drive the soil compaction wheel (62) to press against the ground. The outer side of the second wheel frame (63) is covered with a nylon cloth sleeve to prevent soil from sticking to the outer surface of the second wheel frame (63). A percussion compaction assembly is installed inside the soil compaction wheel (62).

8. The linkage-type multi-row switchable seeding device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The impact-type compaction assembly includes sliding rods (64), hammer balls (65), and a power storage assembly. Multiple rows of sliding rods (64) are fixedly installed in a circumferential array inside the compaction wheel (62). Each row of sliding rods (64) consists of multiple sliding rods (64) evenly distributed along the axial direction of the compaction wheel (62). Each sliding rod (64) is slidably connected to a hammer ball (65). A power storage assembly is also provided inside the compaction wheel (62).

9. The linkage-type multi-row switchable seeding device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The power storage assembly includes an adjustable elastic power storage structure, a crossbar (69), a roller (610), a power storage track (611), and a second connecting frame (612). Each slide bar (64) has an adjustable elastic power storage structure installed at its extended end. The hammers (65) in the same row are fixedly connected to the same crossbar (69). The second connecting frame (612) is fixedly installed at the end of the second connecting rod (61) away from the second rear suspension (4). The power storage track (611) is fixedly installed on the second connecting frame (612). The roller (610) is rotatably installed at the end of the crossbar (69), and the roller (610) is connected to the inside of the power storage track (611).

10. The linkage-type multi-row switchable seeding device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The adjustable elastic energy storage structure includes a baffle (66), an adjusting nut (67), and an elastic element (68). Each slide rod (64) has a baffle (66) inserted into its extended end. An adjusting nut (67) is rotatably connected to the baffle (66), and the adjusting nut (67) is threadedly connected to the slide rod (64). An elastic element (68) is also fixedly installed at the end of the baffle (66) near the hammer ball (65).

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