A ratoon cane handling machine

Abstract

The application discloses a ratoon sugarcane pipe protection machine and belongs to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, aiming to solve the problems of the existing sugarcane ratoon pipe protection process, such as dispersion, multiple times of entering the ground and repeatedly compacting soil, and poor cutting height adaptability and low accuracy of ditching and fertilizing alignment of integrated equipment. The machine comprises a rack, a walking device and a hopper, and a connecting rod cutting assembly, a fertilizing assembly and a film covering assembly are sequentially arranged below the rack along the advancing direction; the connecting rod cutting assembly realizes stepless adjustment of the cutting height of a cutter head through a hinged connecting rod and a hydraulic push rod; a bidirectional rotating auger is arranged in the hopper to realize uniform distribution of materials; the fertilizing assembly is designed with a ditching plough, a fertilizing pipe and a rotary tiller shaft operating center line being collinear, and is matched with an elastic parallel four-bar linkage profiling mechanism to ensure accurate alignment of ditching and fertilizing; and the film covering assembly is matched with an elastically deformed walking compression wheel arranged in alignment to realize smooth laying of the mulching film.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment technology, specifically to a perennial sugarcane tube protector. Background Technology

[0002] Sugarcane is an important sugar crop in my country, widely cultivated in many southern regions. Ratoon cultivation is a common practice in sugarcane planting, where the rhizomes left in the soil after harvest are allowed to sprout new saplings. This method saves on sugarcane seeds, reduces planting costs, and advances the sugarcane's maturity, significantly improving the economic benefits of sugarcane cultivation. However, after harvest, a series of management procedures are required for the ratoons, including cutting off the old sugarcane tops, trenching and fertilizing, and covering with soil for insulation, to ensure normal germination and achieve a high yield.

[0003] Currently, most of these ratoon management operations rely on manual, step-by-step processes. This is not only labor-intensive and inefficient, but also results in high labor costs. Furthermore, the quality of the work is highly dependent on the operator's skill level, leading to inconsistent results. With the development of agricultural mechanization, mechanical equipment specifically designed for ratoon management has gradually emerged. However, most of this equipment can only complete a single step, requiring multiple field visits to complete the entire management process. This not only repeatedly compacts the soil, hindering ratoon growth, but also prolongs the overall operation cycle, failing to meet the demands of high-efficiency production. Even some ratoon management equipment that integrates multiple processes suffers from problems such as the cutting blade height not being flexibly adaptable to different sugarcane field terrains, poor alignment accuracy during ditching and fertilization, and easy misalignment and loosening of the mulch. Overall, the operational results are unsatisfactory and cannot meet the production needs of large-scale sugarcane cultivation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above shortcomings, this invention provides a ratoon sugarcane management machine to solve the problems of existing ratoon management equipment, which either can only complete a single process, requiring multiple field visits to compact the soil, affecting ratoon germination and lengthening the operation cycle, or have poor adaptability and poor operation results after integrating processes, failing to meet the needs of large-scale sugarcane planting and production.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A ratoon sugarcane management machine includes a frame, a walking device arranged around the frame, and a hopper arranged on the frame. Specifically, a connecting rod cutting assembly, a fertilization assembly, and a film covering assembly for heat preservation and moisture retention of sugarcane are arranged sequentially below the frame. The connecting rod cutting assembly includes two sets of slave rods and main rods that are sequentially hinged to the frame from top to bottom. The end of each slave rod and main rod away from the frame is hinged to the side wall of a gearbox. The input end of the gearbox is equipped with a drive motor, and the output end is connected to a cutter head. The middle part of the main rod is hinged to the output end of a hydraulic push rod, and the cylinder of the hydraulic push rod is hinged to the frame. The bottom of the inner wall of the hopper is rotatably connected to an auger, and the outer wall of the hopper is provided with a drive motor that is connected to one end of the auger. The fertilization assembly includes a furrowing plow, fertilizer tubes, and a rotary tiller shaft. One end of each of the two fertilizer tubes is connected to both ends of the bottom of the hopper, and the other end points to the ground. A rotary tiller gearbox is provided in the middle of the frame. The middle section of the rotary tiller shaft is connected to the output end of the rotary tiller gearbox. An elastic parallel four-bar linkage is slidably connected to both sides of the middle of the frame. The furrowing plow is connected to the frame through the elastic parallel four-bar linkage. The furrowing plow, the fertilizer pipe and the blades on the rotary tiller shaft are arranged in sequence along the forward direction of the machine frame, and the working center lines of the three are collinear.

[0006] Preferably, the two sets of slave rods and master rods are arranged side by side and the distance between their hinge centers is greater than the distance between the centers of the two cutterheads by 1 to 2 cm.

[0007] Preferably, the auger inside the hopper has its spiral blades rotating in opposite directions on both sides, with the middle section as the boundary. The fertilizer application pipe is any one of a PVC flexible hose with embedded steel wire, a fiber-reinforced tendon tube, or a rubber tube with a spiral steel ring.

[0008] Preferably, the front end of the frame is provided with a speed reducer, which has a first input end, a second input end and an output end. The first input end is connected to the tractor via a universal joint, the second input end is connected to a three-phase asynchronous motor, and the output end of the speed reducer is connected to the input end of the rotary tiller gearbox.

[0009] Preferably, the output end of the reducer is connected to the input end of the rotary tiller gearbox via a synchronous belt.

[0010] Preferably, the elastic parallel four-bar linkage includes a first U-bolt, a mounting rod, a first horizontal bar, a second horizontal bar, a vertical bar, and an elastic element. The first and second horizontal bars are sequentially hinged to the middle and lower part of one side of the outer wall of the mounting rod. The upper and lower ends of the vertical rod are respectively hinged to the ends of the first and second horizontal bars away from the mounting rod. The mounting rod is in the shape of an inverted L. The top of the mounting rod is provided with an elastic element that is hinged to the upper end face of the first horizontal bar. The ditching plow is connected to the lower end of the vertical rod. The outer wall of the other side of the mounting rod has through holes corresponding to the screw ends of the first U-bolt. Rectangular frames are provided on both sides of the middle part of the frame. The inner arc surface of the first U-bolt is slidably connected to the lower part of the rectangular frame. The screw end of the first U-bolt passes through the through hole of the mounting rod. A nut is connected to the screw end of the first U-bolt.

[0011] Preferably, the rotary tiller shaft has only one set of tillers fixed at each of its two ends, which are mounted circumferentially along the rotary tiller shaft. The tillers are L-shaped right-angle curved blades.

[0012] Preferably, the film covering assembly includes a film covering shaft, a mounting frame, a mounting frame, a tensioning shaft, and a soil covering disc. Two mounting frames are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rear end of the frame. Each mounting frame has an upward-facing U-shaped groove. The two ends of the film covering shaft are slidably engaged in the U-shaped grooves on both sides. The mounting frame is fixed between the two mounting frames and is located in front of the film covering shaft in the forward direction. The tensioning shaft is rotatably mounted on the lower part of the mounting frame. The two soil covering discs are symmetrically hinged on both sides of the lower rear end of the frame.

[0013] Preferably, the walking device includes walking wheels and walking pressure rollers; four walking wheels are respectively installed around the frame; two walking pressure rollers are arranged at the rear end of the frame corresponding to the ditching plows on both sides, and the wheel surfaces of the walking pressure rollers abut against the upper surface of the film laid on the ground; the rolling trajectory of each walking pressure roller is collinear with the working center line of the corresponding side ditching plow, and the rolling direction is consistent with the forward direction of the frame; each walking pressure roller is provided with a clamping element connected to the frame.

[0014] Preferably, the clamping component includes a second U-bolt, a clamping rod, a pressure plate, a clamping moving rod, and an elastic element. The pressure plate is fixedly installed in the middle of the outer wall of one side of the pressure rod, and one end of the pressure rod is hinged to the lower end of the outer wall of the same side of the pressure rod; the upper end of the second elastic element is connected to the lower end face of the pressure plate, and the lower end is connected to the rod body of the pressure rod away from the pressure rod. The end of the clamping rod away from the clamping rod is rotatably connected to the center of the traveling pressure roller; the outer wall of the other side of the clamping rod has through holes corresponding one-to-one with the screw end of the second U-bolt; the rear end of the frame is provided with a crossbeam; the inner arc surface of the second U-bolt is slidably connected to the lower surface of the crossbeam; the screw end of the second U-bolt passes through the through hole of the clamping rod; and a locking nut is fitted onto the screw end of the second U-bolt.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention integrates multiple ratoon management processes, such as cutting old sugarcane tops, trenching and fertilizing, and covering with soil and film, into a single piece of equipment. All management operations can be completed in a single visit to the field, eliminating the need for repeated soil compaction. This avoids soil compaction that could hinder ratoon germination, significantly shortens the operation cycle, greatly improves the efficiency of sugarcane ratoon management, reduces labor intensity and production costs, and is suitable for the production needs of large-scale sugarcane planting.

[0016] 2. In this invention, the connecting rod cutting assembly, through the hinged slave rod and main rod in conjunction with the hydraulic push rod, can flexibly adjust the cutting height of the cutter head according to the sugarcane field terrain and the height of the ratoon sugarcane stubble, making it more adaptable and ensuring that the old sugarcane heads are cut neatly and consistently, avoiding missed cuts and improper cutting depth that may affect the ratoon stalks, and making the cutting operation quality more stable.

[0017] 3. This invention sets the working center lines of the furrowing plow, fertilizer opening, and rotary tillage blades to be collinear, and uses an elastic parallel four-bar linkage mechanism to drive the furrowing plow to adapt to the terrain, ensuring higher positioning accuracy for furrowing, fertilization, and soil covering. At the same time, the reverse-rotating auger in the hopper can evenly deliver fertilizer to the fertilizer pipes on both sides, resulting in uniform and stable fertilizer application and improving the effectiveness of fertilization operations.

[0018] 4. The mulching component of this invention, together with the aligned walking pressure roller and pressing structure, can ensure that the mulch film is always aligned with the planting row, laid flat and with appropriate tension. It is used in conjunction with the soil covering plate to complete the soil covering and fixing, effectively avoiding the problems of mulch film misalignment and loosening, ensuring the heat preservation and moisture retention effect after mulching, and further improving the overall operation quality of perennial root management. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ratoon sugarcane pipe protection machine of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the perennial sugarcane pipe protector of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a top view of the ratoon sugarcane pipe protector of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the ratoon sugarcane pipe protector of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a left view of the ratoon sugarcane pipe protector of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a front view of the ratoon sugarcane pipe protector of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 11. Hopper; 12. Screw; 13. Drive motor; 2. Linkage cutting assembly; 21. Follower rod; 22. Main rod; 23. Gearbox; 231. Drive motor; 232. Cutter head; 24. Hydraulic push rod; 251. First hinge shaft; 252. Second hinge shaft; 253. Third hinge shaft; 254. Fourth hinge shaft; 255. Fifth hinge shaft; 3. Fertilizer application assembly; 31. Fertilizer plow; 32. Fertilizer pipe; 33. Rotary tiller shaft; 331. Tiller blade; 34. Rotary tiller gearbox; 35. Gearbox; 351. Three-phase asynchronous motor; 352. Synchronous belt; 353. Universal joint; 36. Flexible parallel four-bar linkage; 361. First U 362. U-bolt; 363. Mounting rod; 364. Horizontal bar one; 365. Horizontal bar two; 366. Vertical bar; 367. Elastic element one; 388. Rectangular frame; 389. Sixth hinge shaft; 380. Seventh hinge shaft; 381. Eighth hinge shaft; 382. Ninth hinge shaft; 383. Film covering assembly; 484. Film covering shaft; 49. Mounting bracket; 400. U-groove; 41. Mounting frame; 420. Tensioning shaft; 43. Soil covering plate; 50. Walking device; 51. Walking wheel; 52. Walking pressure wheel; 53. Pressing element; 531. Second U-bolt; 532. Pressing rod; 533. Pressure plate; 534. Pressing moving rod; 535. Elastic element two; 536. Tenth hinge shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a perennial sugarcane management machine, mainly comprising a frame 1, a walking device 5, a hopper 11, a connecting rod cutting assembly 2, a fertilization assembly 3, and a mulching assembly 4. The frame 1, as the main load-bearing structure of the machine, adopts a frame structure welded from rectangular steel pipes, possessing sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand the working loads of each operating component. The overall length of the frame 1 is approximately 3500mm, the width is approximately 1800mm, and the height is approximately 1600mm, and the dimensions can be adjusted according to actual operational needs. A three-point suspension mechanism is provided along the forward direction of the frame 1 for connection and transmission with an external agricultural tractor. Powered by the tractor, the entire perennial sugarcane management process, including cutting, fertilizing, and mulching, can be completed.

[0026] The walking device 5 includes four walking wheels 51, which are respectively installed at the four corners of the bottom of the frame 1. Each walking wheel 51 has a diameter of 400mm and a width of 150mm, and is made of rubber tires, providing good grip and shock absorption. The walking wheels 51 are mounted to the lower part of the frame 1 via axles and bearing seats, with the front wheels being steering wheels to improve the overall turning flexibility of the machine in the field. The wheel track of the walking wheels 51 is designed to be 1400mm, matching the conventional row spacing for sugarcane planting, ensuring that the frame 1 can cross rows during operation and avoid crushing the sugarcane stubble.

[0027] The hopper 11 is installed at the upper center of the frame 1. It is a funnel-shaped structure welded from steel plates, with an upper opening size of approximately 1200mm × 800mm and a narrowing at the bottom. The effective volume of the hopper 11 is approximately 0.6 cubic meters, which can hold about 300 kg of granular fertilizer, meeting the fertilizer loading requirements for large-area operations. The inner wall of the hopper 11 is lined with smooth stainless steel plates to reduce frictional resistance between the fertilizer and the wall surface, ensuring smooth fertilizer flow.

[0028] Below frame 1, along the overall forward direction of the machine (i.e. Figure 1From right to left, the following components are arranged in sequence: a connecting rod cutting assembly 2, a fertilization assembly 3, and a mulching assembly 4. The connecting rod cutting assembly 2 is located at the front end and is responsible for cutting the old sugarcane tops; the fertilization assembly 3 is located in the middle and is responsible for completing the trenching, fertilization, and soil covering operations; the mulching assembly 4 is located at the rear end and is responsible for laying the mulch film to achieve heat preservation and moisture retention.

[0029] Referring to the figure, the connecting rod cutting assembly 2 is used to cut the old sugarcane tops remaining after sugarcane harvest to promote the germination of new shoots. This assembly includes two sets of identical cutting units, symmetrically arranged on the lower front end of the frame 1.

[0030] Each cutting unit includes a driven rod 21, a main rod 22, a reduction gearbox 23, a drive motor 231, a cutter head 232, and a hydraulic push rod 24. Both the driven rod 21 and the main rod 22 are made of high-strength alloy steel, possessing excellent bending and fatigue resistance. One end of the driven rod 21 is hinged to the upper front crossbeam of the frame 1 via a first hinge shaft 251, and one end of the main rod 22 is hinged to the lower front crossbeam of the frame 1 via a second hinge shaft 252. The ends of the driven rod 21 and the main rod 22 furthest from the frame 1 are sequentially hinged to the side wall of the reduction gearbox 23 via a third hinge shaft 253 and a fourth hinge shaft 254, respectively. Thus, the driven rod 21, the main rod 22, the corresponding parts of the frame 1, and the reduction gearbox 23 together constitute a parallelogram linkage mechanism.

[0031] The gearbox 23 adopts a worm gear reduction structure, which has a large transmission ratio and good self-locking performance. The input end (high-speed end) of the gearbox 23 is connected to a drive motor 231, which is a DC brushless motor with a rated power of 2.2kW and a rated speed of 3000rpm. The output shaft of the drive motor 231 is connected to the input shaft of the gearbox 23 via a coupling, inputting power to the gearbox 23. The output end (low-speed end) of the gearbox 23 is connected to a cutter head 232. The transmission ratio of the gearbox 23 is 15:1, therefore the rated speed of the cutter head 232 is approximately 200rpm. This speed ensures cutting quality while avoiding excessive wear on the cutter head 232 due to excessively high speeds.

[0032] The cutter head 232 adopts a disc-shaped structure with a diameter of 350mm and a thickness of 8mm. It is made of 65Mn spring steel and has undergone quenching treatment, giving it high hardness and wear resistance. Six cutting teeth are evenly distributed around the circumference of the cutter head 232, each with a cutting edge angle of 30 degrees and a cutting tooth height of 30mm. The cutter head 232 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the reduction gearbox 23 using a flat key and a locking nut, facilitating disassembly and replacement.

[0033] To adjust the cutting height of the cutter head 232, the middle position of the main rod 22 is hinged to the output end of the hydraulic push rod 24. The cylinder end of the hydraulic push rod 24 is hinged to the middle crossbeam of the frame 1 via the fifth hinge shaft 255. The hydraulic push rod 24 is a single-acting hydraulic cylinder with a stroke of 150mm and a maximum thrust of 5000N. When the hydraulic push rod 24 extends, it pushes the main rod 22 to swing downward around the second hinge shaft 252. Through the transmission of the elastic parallelogram linkage mechanism, it drives the reduction gearbox 23 and the cutter head 232 to move downward as a whole, increasing the cutting depth. Conversely, when the hydraulic push rod 24 retracts, the cutter head 232 moves upward, reducing the cutting depth. By controlling the extension and retraction of the hydraulic push rod 24, the cutting height of the cutter head 232 can be continuously and steplessly adjusted within the range of 0 to 120mm to adapt to the operational needs of different terrains and different root heights.

[0034] The two sets of cutting units, consisting of the slave rods 21 and the main rods 22, are arranged side-by-side along the transverse direction of the frame 1, with a precisely designed spacing between them. Specifically, the transverse spacing between the hinge centers of the two sets of slave rods 21 and main rods 22 is greater than the 2cm distance between the centers of the two cutter discs 232. In this embodiment, the diameter of both cutter discs 232 is 350mm, the center-to-center distance between the two cutter discs 232 is 340mm, and the transverse spacing between the hinge centers of the two sets of slave rods 21 and main rods 22 is 355mm, which is 15mm (1.5cm) larger than the center-to-center distance of the cutter discs 232. This spacing design has the following advantages: firstly, it ensures that the two cutter discs 232 will not interfere with each other during high-speed rotation, guaranteeing safe operation of the equipment; secondly, the cutting range of the two cutter discs 232 covers double ridges.

[0035] In addition, a limiting baffle (not shown in the figure) is provided at the front end of the frame 1 to limit the maximum downward swing angle of the linkage cutting assembly 2, preventing the cutter head 232 from cutting too deeply and damaging the buds of the rootstock. A rubber buffer pad is installed on the limiting baffle to absorb impact loads and reduce damage to the linkage mechanism.

[0036] The hopper 11 not only stores fertilizer, but also integrates a fertilizer conveying mechanism to evenly and stably deliver the fertilizer to the fertilization assembly 3. Please refer to... Figure 3 A screw conveyor 12 is horizontally rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the hopper 11. The screw conveyor 12 is arranged horizontally, and its axis is consistent with the transverse direction of the frame 1 (i.e., perpendicular to the forward direction).

[0037] The auger 12 mainly consists of a main shaft and spiral blades. The main shaft is made of 40mm diameter round steel and is mounted on the side walls of the hopper 11 at both ends via bearings with mounting seats, ensuring flexible rotation. The spiral blades are rolled from 4mm thick steel plates with a pitch of 80mm and an outer diameter of 150mm. Notably, the spiral blades on both sides of the auger 12 rotate in opposite directions, with the middle section as the dividing line. Specifically, viewed from the front end of the hopper 11, the spiral blades on the left rotate left-hand, and the spiral blades on the right rotate right-hand. This bidirectional rotation design allows the auger 12 to simultaneously convey fertilizer from the middle area of ​​the hopper 11 to both ends when rotating, ultimately collecting it at the discharge ports located at both ends of the bottom of the hopper 11.

[0038] To drive the auger 12 to rotate, a drive motor 13 is installed on the outer wall of the hopper 11. The drive motor 13 is a low-speed, high-torque hydraulic motor with a rated speed of 120 rpm and a rated torque of 200 N·m. The output shaft of the drive motor 13 is connected to one end of the main shaft of the auger 12 via a coupling, with a transmission ratio of 1:1. By adjusting the flow rate of the drive motor 13, the speed of the auger 12 can be steplessly adjusted, thereby controlling the amount of fertilizer applied and adapting to the fertilization needs of different crop varieties and soil fertility conditions.

[0039] The hopper 11 has a discharge port at each end of its bottom, and a fertilizer application pipe 32 is connected to the bottom of each discharge port. The upper end of the fertilizer application pipe 32 is sealed to the discharge port via a flange, and the lower end hangs freely and points towards the ground. The fertilizer application pipe 32 is made of flexible tubing to adapt to the positional changes of the furrowing plow 31 as the terrain undulates. In this embodiment, the fertilizer application pipe 32 is specifically a PVC flexible hose with embedded steel wire. The hose has an inner diameter of 50 mm, a wall thickness of 5 mm, and the embedded spiral steel wire has a diameter of 2 mm and a pitch of 10 mm. This type of fertilizer applicator 32 has the following advantages: the PVC material itself has good corrosion resistance, resisting the chemical corrosion of fertilizers; the embedded steel wire skeleton gives the hose excellent pressure and bending resistance, ensuring that the hose will not collapse or become blocked even under external pressure or large-angle bending, guaranteeing smooth fertilizer delivery; at the same time, the hose's inherent plasticity allows it to adjust its shape and output position according to the installation position of the furrowing plow 31, always ensuring that the fertilizer falls accurately into the planting furrow created by the furrowing plow 31, preventing spillage and fertilizer waste. The flexible adjustment of its bending angle and position ensures that the fertilizer always falls accurately into the furrow.

[0040] As an optional implementation, the fertilizer applicator 32 can also be made of fiber-reinforced tendon tubing or rubber tubing with a spiral steel ring. Fiber-reinforced tendon tubing uses tendon material as the matrix, with a layer of polyester fiber braided reinforcement sandwiched in the middle, providing better tensile strength and wear resistance; rubber tubing with a spiral steel ring uses rubber as the main body, with spiral steel wire skeletons embedded inside and out, offering better aging resistance and a longer service life. Those skilled in the art can select the appropriate material for the fertilizer applicator 32 based on actual working conditions and cost requirements.

[0041] In addition, a flow regulating baffle (not shown in the figure) is provided at the lower outlet of the fertilizer pipe 32. By manually adjusting the opening of the baffle, the amount of fertilizer applied by a single fertilizer pipe 32 can be further fine-tuned to ensure that the amount of fertilizer applied on the left and right sides is consistent and to avoid fertilizer deviation caused by uneven delivery by the auger 12.

[0042] The fertilization component 3 is a key part for achieving precision fertilization, mainly including the furrowing plow 31, the fertilizer tube 32, the rotary tiller shaft 33, and the rotary tiller gearbox 34. Please refer to... Figure 3 These components work together to complete the three processes of trenching, fertilizing, and covering with soil in sequence.

[0043] The furrowing plow 31 is used to create furrows of a certain depth and width on the ground, providing space for fertilizer application. The furrowing plow 31 consists of two parts: a plowshare and a plowshare. The plowshare is made of rectangular cross-section steel, and the plowshare is made of cast steel and heat-treated, giving it high hardness and wear resistance. The plowshare has a 25-degree entry angle and an arc-shaped working surface, which can turn the soil to both sides, forming furrows approximately 80 mm wide and 100 mm deep. The furrowing plow 31 is connected to the frame 1 via a flexible parallel four-bar linkage 36, the specific structure of which will be described in detail below.

[0044] The rotary tiller shaft 33 is horizontally arranged, with its axis aligned with the transverse direction of the frame 1. The middle section of the rotary tiller shaft 33 is connected to the output end of the rotary tiller gearbox 34, which provides the rotational power. The rotary tiller shaft 33 is made of seamless steel tubing with a diameter of 60mm, providing sufficient strength and rigidity. Specifically, the rotary tiller shaft 33 does not have tillers 331 installed along its entire length; instead, only one set of tillers 331 is fixedly installed at each of the two ends. Each set of tillers 331 includes four L-shaped right-angled blades, evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotary tiller shaft 33, with an included angle of 90 degrees between adjacent blades. The tillers 331 are bolted to the blade holders at the ends of the rotary tiller shaft 33 for easy replacement after wear.

[0045] The tillage blade 331 adopts an L-shaped right-angle curved blade structure, specifically consisting of a handle and a blade body, which form a 90-degree angle. The handle connects to the blade holder, while the blade body is the main cutting part, with its cutting edge located at the curved end. This L-shaped right-angle curved blade has excellent cutting and turning performance: when the rotary tillage shaft 33 rotates, the horizontal cutting edge of the curved blade first cuts into the soil, and then the vertical cutting edge throws the soil upwards and sideways, achieving soil breaking and turning. Each tillage blade 331 has a cutting width of approximately 60mm, and two sets of tillage blades 331 correspond to the fertilization areas of the two sugarcane planting rows on the left and right, respectively.

[0046] The design of setting tillage blades 331 only at both ends of the rotary tiller shaft 33 is of significant technical importance. Since the taproot system of sugarcane ratoons is located in the center of the planting row, and fertilization operations only need to be carried out in the fertilization furrows on both sides of the planting row, limiting the rotary tillage operation to the fertilization areas at both ends effectively avoids unnecessary disturbance and damage to the taproot system caused by the rotary tiller blades 331, which is beneficial to the recovery of the ratoons and the sprouting of new shoots. At the same time, this localized rotary tillage method also reduces unnecessary soil disturbance, lowers operational energy consumption and mechanical resistance, improves operational efficiency, and makes ratoon management operations more refined and precise.

[0047] The rotary tiller gearbox 34 is mounted on the central crossbeam of the frame 1. It employs a gear transmission structure with three-stage reduction and a total transmission ratio of 25:1. The input end of the rotary tiller gearbox 34 receives power from the front-end reducer 35, while the output end drives the rotary tiller shaft 33 to rotate. The gearbox housing is made of cast iron, and the internal gears are made of alloy steel that has undergone carburizing and quenching treatment, resulting in high load-bearing capacity and long service life. The rotary tiller gearbox 34 also features a shifting mechanism, providing both high and low speeds to adapt to different soil conditions: the high speed can be used to improve efficiency in loose soil, while the low speed is used to increase torque and ensure tillage quality in heavy, clayey soil.

[0048] In this embodiment, the furrowing plow 31, the opening end of the fertilizer pipe 32 pointing towards the ground, and the tillage blades 331 on the rotary tiller shaft 33 are arranged sequentially along the forward direction of the frame 1, and the working center lines of the three are strictly collinear. Here, the "working center line" refers to the longitudinal symmetrical center line of the working trajectory of each component on the ground. Specifically, the plow tip of the furrowing plow 31 is located at the foremost position, and the center line of the furrow it creates is the working center line; the outlet center of the fertilizer pipe 32 is located behind the furrowing plow 31 and falls exactly on the working center line, ensuring that the fertilizer is accurately applied to the bottom of the furrow; the tillage blades 331 at the end of the rotary tiller shaft 33 are located behind the fertilizer pipe 32, and the center of their rotating cutting trajectory also coincides with the working center line, ensuring that the rotary tillage and covering soil can completely cover the fertilizer. This three-point collinear design is one of the core technical features of this application. It fundamentally solves the problem of inaccurate alignment of the three processes of trenching, fertilization and soil covering in the prior art, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer, and avoids fertilizer waste and root burn caused by excessive local fertilizer concentration.

[0049] To improve the operational flexibility and environmental adaptability of the ratoon sugarcane management machine, this embodiment adopts a dual-power input transmission system design. Please refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 3 A reducer 35 is installed at the front end of the frame 1. The reducer 35 has two input ends and one output end, which can realize the input of multiple power sources and unified output.

[0050] The reducer 35 adopts a planetary gear transmission structure, which has the advantages of compact structure, large transmission ratio, and strong load-bearing capacity. The first input end of the reducer 35 is connected to the tractor's power output shaft via a universal joint 353. The universal joint 353 is a cross-shaft type universal joint 353, which allows a maximum angle of 15 degrees and a certain axial displacement between the two shafts. It can effectively compensate for the relative position changes between the tractor and the perennial sugarcane management machine caused by terrain undulations, ensuring the smoothness of power transmission. When the perennial sugarcane management machine is pulled by the tractor for large-area field operations, the power output from the tractor's power output shaft is transmitted to the first input end of the reducer 35 through the universal joint 353. After being reduced and amplified by the reducer 35, it is transmitted from the output end to the rotary tiller gearbox 34, providing strong power for rotary tillage operations. This power input method is suitable for large-area, high-intensity conventional operation scenarios and can make full use of the tractor's power resources.

[0051] The second input terminal of the reducer 35 is connected to the three-phase asynchronous motor 351. The three-phase asynchronous motor 351 has a rated power of 5.5kW, a rated speed of 1440rpm, and a rated voltage of 380V. The three-phase asynchronous motor 351 is fixedly mounted on the front side of the frame 1 via a motor bracket, and its output shaft is connected to the second input terminal of the reducer 35 via a coupling. As an independent electric drive source, the three-phase asynchronous motor 351 can provide stable power for the sugarcane management machine, and is especially suitable for the following scenarios: first, in situations requiring delicate operations, such as working in greenhouses or small experimental fields where tractors are inconvenient to enter; second, in situations where tractor power output is inconvenient to use, such as during equipment debugging, maintenance, or short-distance relocation; and third, in fixed operating areas with power supply, using electric drive is more economical and environmentally friendly.

[0052] The reducer 35 is equipped with a clutch switching mechanism (not shown in the figure), which allows selection of either the first or second input terminal as the power source and prevents interference caused by simultaneous input of two power sources. Operators can easily switch the power source using a joystick; the switching process does not require stopping the machine, making operation simple and quick.

[0053] The output end of the reducer 35 is connected to the input end of the rotary tillage gearbox 34 via a synchronous belt 352. The synchronous belt 352 uses a toothed belt drive, with evenly distributed trapezoidal teeth on its inner side that precisely mesh with the tooth grooves on the synchronous belt 352 pulley. The synchronous belt 352 is type H, with a width of 50mm, and its length is determined based on the actual center distance. The synchronous belt 352 pulley is made of 45# steel, and its tooth surface has undergone high-frequency quenching treatment, resulting in high hardness and wear resistance.

[0054] The use of synchronous belt 352 transmission has the following significant advantages: First, synchronous belt 352 transmission is a meshing transmission with no relative slippage during transmission, which can ensure a precise transmission ratio, thereby ensuring the stable rotational speed of the rotary tiller shaft 33 and facilitating uniform and precise rotary tillage. Second, synchronous belt 352 itself has a certain degree of elasticity, which can effectively absorb and buffer the impact load and torque fluctuations generated during rotary tillage, reducing the impact on the reducer 35 and rotary tillage gearbox 34, and reducing the vibration and noise of the transmission system. Third, synchronous belt 352 transmission has high efficiency, reaching over 98%, which can effectively reduce power loss. Fourth, synchronous belt 352 transmission requires no lubrication, is easy to maintain, and is particularly suitable for use in harsh environments such as dusty and humid farmland.

[0055] To enable the furrowing plow 31 to adapt to the undulating terrain of the field and maintain a stable depth of penetration and working posture, this embodiment incorporates an elastic parallel four-bar linkage 367 between the furrowing plow 31 and the frame 1. Please refer to... Figure 3The mechanism mainly includes a first U-bolt 361, a mounting rod 362, a first horizontal bar 363, a second horizontal bar 364, a vertical bar 365, and an elastic element.

[0056] Mounting rod 362 is the main support component of the flexible parallel four-bar linkage 36. It is generally inverted L-shaped and is formed by bending and welding 8mm thick steel plate. The vertical part of mounting rod 362 is approximately 300mm high, and the horizontal part is approximately 150mm long. One outer wall of mounting rod 362 (i.e., the side facing the outside of frame 1) is used to mount the members of the parallel four-bar linkage, and the other outer wall (i.e., the side facing the inside of frame 1) is used to connect with frame 1.

[0057] Both horizontal bars 363 and 364 are made of rectangular cross-section steel and are arranged parallel to each other vertically. One end of horizontal bar 363 is hinged to the middle of the outer wall of the vertical part of the mounting rod 362 via the sixth hinge shaft 381, and one end of horizontal bar 364 is hinged to the lower part of the outer wall of the vertical part of the mounting rod 362 via the seventh hinge shaft 382. Both horizontal bars 363 and 364 are 200mm long. Vertical bar 365 is also made of rectangular cross-section steel. Its upper end is hinged to the free end of horizontal bar 363 via the eighth hinge shaft 383, and its lower end is hinged to the free end of horizontal bar 364 via the ninth hinge shaft 384. Thus, the vertical part of the mounting rod 362, horizontal bars 363, 364, and vertical bar 365 together constitute a parallelogram linkage mechanism. Based on the kinematic characteristics of the parallelogram mechanism, when the vertical rod 365 swings up and down with the horizontal rod, its own posture remains vertical, thus ensuring that the working angle (entry angle) of the ditching plow 31 installed at the lower end of the vertical rod 365 remains constant during the lifting and lowering process, and will not change due to terrain undulations, thus ensuring the stability of ditching quality.

[0058] The upper end of the plowshare of the furrowing plow 31 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the vertical rod 365 by bolts. The connection method is detachable, which facilitates the replacement of different specifications of the furrowing plow 31 according to different operation requirements. The weight of the furrowing plow 31, plus part of the weight of the vertical rod 365 and the crossbar, provides the necessary positive pressure for the furrowing plow 31 to enter the soil.

[0059] To further improve the contour-following ability and buffering performance of the furrowing plow 31, an elastic element 366 is provided between the top of the mounting rod 362 (i.e., the lower end face of the horizontal portion) and the upper end face of the crossbar 363. In this embodiment, the elastic element 366 is specifically a cylindrical helical compression spring. The upper end of the spring is hinged to the horizontal portion of the mounting rod 362 through a spring seat, and the lower end is hinged to the upper end face of the crossbar 363 through a spring seat. The pre-compression of the spring can be adjusted by the adjusting bolt provided on the spring seat to change the magnitude of the preload applied to the furrowing plow 31. The function of the elastic element 366 is mainly reflected in two aspects: First, it provides additional downward pressure to the furrowing plow 31, ensuring that the furrowing plow 31 can smoothly enter the soil even in hard soil; second, it plays a role in buffering and shock absorption. When the furrowing plow 31 encounters rocks or hard obstacles, the elastic element 366 can absorb the impact energy, protecting the furrowing plow 31 and the linkage mechanism from damage, while also making the movement of the furrowing plow 31 more stable.

[0060] The elastic parallel four-bar linkage 36 is slidably connected to the frame 1 to facilitate the adjustment of the lateral position of the furrowing plow 31. Specifically, two vertically arranged through holes are formed on the outer wall of the mounting rod 362 facing the inner side of the frame 1. The diameter of the through holes is slightly larger than the diameter of the screw of the first U-bolt 361. Correspondingly, a rectangular frame 37 is welded and fixed on each side of the middle part of the frame 1. The rectangular frame 37 is made of rectangular steel tube and is arranged horizontally, with its length direction consistent with the lateral direction of the frame 1. The inner arc surface of the first U-bolt 361 (i.e., the bottom arc surface of the U-shape) slides in engagement with the lower surface of the rectangular frame 37. The two screw ends of the first U-bolt 361 pass through the through holes on the mounting rod 362 from below the rectangular frame 37, and nuts are screwed onto the screw ends. When the nut is loosened, the first U-bolt 361 can drive the mounting rod 362 to slide along the length (i.e., laterally) of the rectangular frame 37, thereby adjusting the lateral position of the furrowing plow 31 to adapt to sugarcane planting patterns with different ridge spacings. When the nut is tightened, sufficient friction is generated between the first U-bolt 361 and the rectangular frame 37, firmly fixing the mounting rod 362 in the set position. This sliding connection structure is simple, reliable, and easy to adjust, and can meet the furrowing position adjustment needs under different operating conditions.

[0061] In addition, scale lines are engraved on the upper surface of the rectangular frame 37 to indicate the lateral position of the furrowing plow 31, so that the operator can make precise adjustments and records to ensure that the positions of the two furrowing plows 31 on the left and right are symmetrical.

[0062] The mulching component 4 is a crucial part for maintaining the warmth and moisture of the sugarcane rhizomes. Its main function is to evenly and smoothly lay the mulch film on the sugarcane rows after fertilization and soil covering. Please refer to... Figure 3 The film covering component 4 mainly includes a film covering shaft 41, a mounting bracket 42, a mounting frame 43, a tensioning shaft 44, and a soil covering disc 45.

[0063] There are two mounting brackets 42, symmetrically fixed on both sides of the rear end of the frame 1. Each mounting bracket 42 is a vertical structure welded from steel plate, with a height of approximately 400mm. A U-shaped groove 421 is provided on the upper part of each mounting bracket 42, with the opening of the U-shaped groove 421 facing upwards. The width of the groove is slightly larger than the shaft diameter at both ends of the film-covering shaft 41, and the depth of the groove is sufficient to accommodate the shaft ends of the film-covering shaft 41. The design of the U-shaped groove 421 allows both ends of the film-covering shaft 41 to be easily inserted into the groove from above and easily removed from the groove, thus enabling rapid replacement of the film roll and greatly improving work efficiency. When the film-covering shaft 41 is inserted into the U-shaped groove 421, during operation, the tension of the film will press the film-covering shaft 41 firmly against the bottom of the U-shaped groove 421, preventing it from coming out on its own.

[0064] The mulching shaft 41 is a component used to support the mulch film roll. It is made of seamless steel pipe with a diameter of 50mm and a length of approximately 1600mm. The mulching shaft 41 has shaft ends at both ends, the diameter of which is smaller than the pipe body diameter, so that it can be inserted into the U-shaped grooves 421 of the mounting frame 42. The mulch film roll is mounted on the mulching shaft 41 in a cylindrical form. The width of the mulch film roll is typically 1200mm, enough to cover the entire sugarcane planting row. Limiting sleeves 411 are also provided at both ends of the mulching shaft 41 to abut against the mulch film roll, limiting the axial position of the mulch film roll and ensuring that the mulch film is always laid in the center and does not shift axially.

[0065] A mounting frame 43 is fixedly installed on the front side of the mounting bracket 42 in the forward direction of the film-coating shaft 41 (i.e., the side closest to the fertilizer application component 3). The mounting frame 43 is a rectangular frame structure welded from rectangular steel pipes, with its upper end fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 42 and its lower end extending downwards. The main function of the mounting frame 43 is to provide mounting support for the tensioning shaft 44 and to determine the position of the tensioning shaft 44 relative to the film-coating shaft 41.

[0066] Tensioning shaft 44 is rotatably mounted on the lower part of the mounting frame 43, with its axis parallel to the mulching shaft 41. Tensioning shaft 44 is made of smooth stainless steel tubing with a diameter of 30mm to reduce frictional resistance with the mulch film and prevent scratching. Both ends of tensioning shaft 446 are mounted on the side columns of the mounting frame 43 via seated bearings to ensure flexible rotation. During operation, the mulch film unfolded from the mulching shaft 41 passes down over tensioning shaft 44 before being laid on the ground. Tensioning shaft 44 serves two main functions: first, it changes the orientation of the mulch film, allowing it to adhere to the ground at a suitable angle; second, it applies tension to the mulch film using its own weight, ensuring the film remains taut throughout the laying process, preventing wrinkles or loosening, and ensuring the flatness and tightness of the mulch film. The installation position of tensioning shaft 44 is optimized so that the wrap angle of the mulch film is approximately 90 degrees, providing sufficient tension without causing breakage due to excessive tension.

[0067] There are two covering discs 45, symmetrically hinged to each other on both sides of the lower rear end of the frame 1. Each covering disc 45 is disc-shaped, with a diameter of 250mm, and is made of stamped steel plate with a slightly curved surface. The covering disc 45 is mounted on the lower end of the covering arm via a disc shaft and bearings, while the upper end of the covering arm is hinged to the longitudinal beam of the frame 1 via a hinge shaft. The installation angle of the covering disc 45 is adjustable; typically, its surface forms an angle of 30 to 45 degrees with the forward direction, and its lower end is tilted outwards.

[0068] During operation, the covering disc 45 moves forward with the machine, its inclined surface turning the soil on the outside of the mulch film inward, covering the edge of the mulch film with soil to form a soil-pressing strip. This firmly presses the edge of the mulch film into the soil, effectively preventing the mulch film from being blown away by the wind, while also enhancing the seal between the mulch film and the ground, reducing heat and moisture loss, and further improving the heat preservation and moisture retention effect. Because the covering disc 45 adopts a hinged installation method, it can float up and down with the undulations of the terrain, adaptively adjusting the soil penetration depth to ensure a stable soil covering effect under different terrain conditions. In addition, a tension spring is installed between the covering arm and the frame 1 to provide downward pressure for the covering disc 45, ensuring that it can stably cut into the soil.

[0069] To further improve the quality of the mulch film and ensure a tight fit between the mulch film and the soil surface, the walking device 5 in this embodiment also includes a dedicated walking pressure roller 52 for compacting the mulch film. Please refer to... Figure 3 The traveling pressure roller 52 is installed at the rear end of the frame 1, located behind the film coating assembly 4.

[0070] The traveling roller 52 adopts a solid rubber wheel structure with a diameter of 200mm and a width of 80mm. The solid rubber wheel has a certain degree of elasticity, preventing damage to the mulch film during compaction while providing sufficient pressure. The wheel surface of the traveling roller 52 abuts against the mulch film surface laid by the mulching shaft 41, applying vertical pressure to the mulch film through its own weight and additional compaction force, ensuring a tight fit between the mulch film and the soil surface. Specifically, the rolling trajectory of the traveling roller 52 is strictly collinear with the working centerline of the front furrowing plow 31; that is, the traveling roller 52 rolls precisely along the centerline of the sugarcane planting row, compacting the central portion of the mulch film. This design ensures that the most critical central area of ​​the mulch film (corresponding to the location of sugarcane root sprouting) is tightly bonded to the soil, guaranteeing heat and moisture retention. The rolling direction of the traveling roller 52 is consistent with the forward direction of the frame 1. As the machine moves forward, the traveling roller 52 rolls along the ground, achieving continuous compaction.

[0071] In order to enable the traveling pressure roller 52 to adapt to the undulations of the terrain and provide a stable and controllable clamping force, a clamping component 53 is provided between the traveling pressure roller 52 and the frame 1. The clamping component 53 mainly includes a second U-bolt 531, a clamping rod 532, a pressure plate 533, a clamping moving rod 534, and an elastic element 535.

[0072] The clamping rod 532 is the main support component of the clamping member 53, made of rectangular cross-section steel, and arranged vertically. A pressure plate 533 is fixedly installed at the middle of the outer wall of the clamping rod 532 (i.e., the side facing the inside of the frame 1). The pressure plate 533 is a horizontally arranged steel plate, one end of which is welded to the clamping rod 532, and the other end extends outward. The upper end of the clamping moving rod 534 is hinged to the lower end of the outer wall of the clamping rod 532 via the tenth hinge shaft 536. The clamping moving rod 534 extends downward at an angle, and its lower end (i.e., the end away from the clamping rod 532) is rotatably connected to the center of the traveling pressure roller 52. In other words, the traveling pressure roller 52 can rotate freely around its own axis, and simultaneously swings around the tenth hinge shaft 536 together with the clamping moving rod 534.

[0073] An elastic element 535 is provided between the lower end of the pressing rod 534 and the lower end face of the pressure plate 533. In this embodiment, the elastic element 535 is a cylindrical helical compression spring. The upper end of the spring abuts against the lower end face of the pressure plate 533, and the lower end abuts against the spring seat on the pressing rod 534. When the elastic element 535 is in a compressed state, its elastic force is transmitted to the traveling pressure roller 52 through the pressing rod 534, causing the traveling pressure roller 52 to tend to move downward, thereby generating a pressing force on the mulch film. When the sugarcane pipe protector encounters a raised area during operation, the ground will push the traveling pressure roller 52 upward, causing the pressing rod 534 to swing upward, further compressing the elastic element 535, increasing the elastic force, and ensuring that the traveling pressure roller 52 always adheres to the surface of the mulch film; conversely, when encountering a depressed area, the elastic element 535 extends, pushing the pressing rod 534 to swing downward, so that the traveling pressure roller 52 always maintains contact with the mulch film. Therefore, the presence of the elastic element 535 ensures that the traveling roller 52 can always press against the film surface with a relatively constant pressure when the terrain is uneven, thus avoiding problems such as uneven compaction or roller suspension caused by uneven ground.

[0074] The clamping member 53 is also connected to the frame 1 by a sliding connection to facilitate lateral position adjustment. Specifically, two vertically arranged through holes are provided on the outer wall of the clamping rod 532 facing the inner side of the frame 1. Correspondingly, a crossbeam is provided at the rear end of the frame 1. The crossbeam is made of rectangular steel tubing and is arranged horizontally. The inner arc surface of the second U-bolt 531 slides into the lower surface of the crossbeam. The two screw ends of the second U-bolt 531 pass through the through holes on the clamping rod 532 from below the crossbeam, and nuts are screwed onto the screw ends. When the nuts are loosened, the overall position of the clamping member 53 can be adjusted laterally along the crossbeam, thereby adjusting the lateral position of the traveling pressure roller 52 to ensure that its rolling trajectory is aligned with the center line of the planting row; when the nuts are tightened, the clamping member 53 is firmly fixed. This structure is similar to the connection method of the aforementioned elastic parallel four-bar linkage 36, and has the advantages of convenient adjustment and reliable fixation.

[0075] Furthermore, by adjusting the tightness of the nut on the second U-bolt 531, the height of the clamping rod 532 relative to the crossbeam can be changed, thereby adjusting the initial height of the traveling pressure roller 52 and the pre-compression of the elastic element, and thus adjusting the initial compaction strength of the traveling pressure roller 52 on the mulch film. Operators can flexibly adjust the compaction force according to the thickness and material of the mulch film and the looseness of the soil to achieve the best compaction effect.

[0076] Working principle: The following describes in detail the complete working process of the ratoon sugarcane management machine provided in this embodiment, taking into account specific operational scenarios.

[0077] Before carrying out the perennial sugarcane management operation, the following preparations must be made: connect the perennial sugarcane management machine to the tractor via a three-point suspension and connect the universal joint 353 to the tractor's power take-off shaft; load sufficient granular fertilizer into the hopper 11; install the mulch film roll onto the mulching shaft 41, pull out one end of the mulch film, pass it over the tension shaft 44, and temporarily fix the end to the ground with soil clods; adjust the lateral position of the two furrowing plows 31 and the lateral position of the traveling pressure roller 52 according to the row spacing of the sugarcane planting to ensure that their working center lines are aligned with the planting rows; preset the cutting height of the cutter head 232 through the hydraulic push rod 24 according to the soil conditions and agronomic requirements, preset the fertilizer application amount by adjusting the speed of the drive motor 13, and preset the soil entry pressure of the furrowing plow 31 and the pressing force of the traveling pressure roller 52 by adjusting the preload of the elastic element 366.

[0078] After preparation, start the tractor and pull the perennial sugarcane pipe protector forward at a constant speed of approximately 3 km / h, while simultaneously engaging the tractor's power take-off shaft. The tractor's power is input to the reducer 35 via the universal joint 353. After reduction and torque amplification, the power is transmitted to the rotary tiller gearbox 34 via the synchronous belt 352, which then drives the rotary tiller shaft 33 to rotate. At the same time, the drive motor 231 is energized and starts, driving the cutter head 232 to rotate at high speed through the reduction gearbox 23; the drive motor 13 starts, driving the auger 12 to rotate.

[0079] After the operation begins, the foremost linkage cutting assembly 2 is the first to enter working mode. The high-speed rotating cutter head 232 neatly cuts off the old sugarcane stalks that are above the ground, with the cutting height controlled by the hydraulic push rod 24. During the operation, if the terrain is uneven, the operator can adjust the height of the cutter head 232 in real time by controlling the extension and retraction of the hydraulic push rod 24 to ensure that the cutting depth is always kept within a suitable range. This prevents the old sugarcane stalks from being left behind due to shallow cutting, and also prevents the buds of the ratoon from being damaged due to deep cutting. The two sets of cutter heads 232 arranged side by side can complete the cutting of double-row sugarcane ratoons in one go, resulting in high work efficiency. Furthermore, the gap between the cutting trajectories of the two cutter heads 232 is small enough to prevent missed cuts.

[0080] After the cutting operation is completed, the fertilization component 3 immediately follows with the trenching and fertilization operation. Under the action of the elastic parallel four-bar linkage 36, the trenching plow 31 adaptively adjusts its height according to the terrain undulations, maintaining a stable soil penetration depth, and digs two even fertilization trenches on both sides of the planting row. Simultaneously, the auger 12 inside the hopper 11 continuously rotates, conveying fertilizer from the middle of the hopper 11 to both ends. The fertilizer continuously and evenly falls through the fertilizer application pipe 32 into the bottom of the fertilization trenches just dug by the trenching plow 31. Because the outlet center of the fertilizer application pipe 32 is strictly collinear with the working center line of the trenching plow 31, the fertilizer can be accurately applied to the bottom of the trench without spilling outside.

[0081] Next, the L-shaped right-angled blades at both ends of the rotary tiller shaft 33 rotate through the fertilization furrow area, breaking up the soil on the sides of the furrow and turning it into the furrow, completely covering the fertilizer. Since the working trajectory of the tiller blades 331 is also collinear with the working centerline of the furrowing plow 31, the soil covering position is accurate, and the fertilizer can be evenly and fully covered, ensuring fertilizer efficiency and avoiding waste caused by fertilizer exposure and volatilization. At the same time, because the tiller blades 331 are only set at both ends, and the middle area is not rotary tilled, the main root system of the sugarcane ratoon remains undisturbed, which is beneficial for the recovery and growth of the ratoon.

[0082] Finally, the mulching assembly 4 completes the mulching operation. The mulch film is unrolled from the mulching shaft 41, tensioned by the tensioning shaft 44, and then laid flat on the planting row. The traveling roller 52 follows closely behind, compacting the central portion of the mulch film along the center line of the planting row, ensuring a tight fit between the mulch film and the soil surface. The elastic element in the pressing component 53 ensures that the traveling roller 52 maintains a stable pressing force regardless of terrain undulations, preventing the roller from being suspended or experiencing excessive pressure. Subsequently, the soil covering discs 45 on both sides turn over the soil, covering the left and right edges of the mulch film to form a soil-pressing strip, firmly fixing the mulch film to the ground and preventing it from being blown away by the wind.

[0083] Through the coordinated operation of the aforementioned components, the ratoon sugarcane management machine in this embodiment achieves the continuous completion of all five processes—cutting old sugarcane tops, ditching, fertilizing, covering with soil, and mulching—in a single entry into the field. By avoiding repeated compaction of the soil during multiple entries, it effectively protects the soil aggregate structure, improves soil aeration and water retention, and creates a favorable soil environment for ratoon germination.

[0084] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A perennial sugarcane pipe-protecting machine, comprising a frame (1), a traveling device (5) disposed around the frame (1), and a hopper (11) disposed on the frame (1), characterized in that, The frame (1) is provided with a connecting rod cutting assembly (2), a fertilization assembly (3) and a film covering assembly (4) for keeping sugarcane warm and moist. The connecting rod cutting assembly (2) includes two sets of slave rods (21) and main rods (22) that are sequentially hinged to the frame (1) from top to bottom. The end of each slave rod (21) and main rod (22) away from the frame (1) is hinged to the side wall of a gearbox (23). The input end of the gearbox (23) is equipped with a drive motor (231), and the output end is connected to a cutter head (232). The middle part of the main rod (22) is hinged to the output end of a hydraulic push rod (24), and the cylinder of the hydraulic push rod (24) is hinged to the frame (1). The bottom of the inner wall of the hopper (11) is rotatably connected to an auger (12), and the outer wall of the hopper (11) is provided with a drive motor (13) that is connected to one end of the auger (12). The fertilization assembly (3) includes a furrowing plow (31), a fertilizer pipe (32), and a rotary tiller shaft (33). One end of each of the two fertilizer pipes (32) is connected to the two ends of the bottom of the hopper (11), and the other end points to the ground. A rotary tiller gearbox (34) is provided in the middle of the frame (1). The middle section of the rotary tiller shaft (33) is connected to the output end of the rotary tiller gearbox (34). An elastic parallel four-bar linkage (36) is slidably connected to both sides of the middle of the frame (1). The furrowing plow (31) is connected to the frame (1) through the elastic parallel four-bar linkage (36). The opening ends of the furrowing plow (31) and fertilizer pipe (32) pointing to the ground are arranged in sequence with the tillage blades (331) on the rotary tillage shaft (33) along the forward direction of the frame (1), and the working center lines of the three are collinear.

2. The perennial sugarcane management machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two sets of slave rods (21) and master rods (22) are arranged side by side and the distance between their hinge centers is 1 to 2 cm greater than the distance between the centers of the two cutter heads (232).

3. The perennial sugarcane management machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auger (12) inside the hopper (11) has its spiral blades rotating in opposite directions on both sides, with the middle section as the boundary. The fertilizer pipe (32) is any one of the following: a PVC hose with embedded steel wire, a fiber-reinforced tendon pipe, or a rubber pipe with a spiral steel ring.

4. A perennial sugarcane management machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the frame (1) is provided with a reducer (35). The reducer (35) is provided with a first input end, a second input end and an output end. The first input end is connected to the tractor through a universal joint (353). The second input end is connected to a three-phase asynchronous motor (351). The output end of the reducer (35) is connected to the input end of the rotary tiller gearbox (34).

5. A perennial sugarcane management machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The output end of the reducer (35) is connected to the input end of the rotary tillage gearbox (34) via a synchronous belt (352).

6. A perennial sugarcane management machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic parallel four-bar linkage (36) includes a first U-bolt (361), a mounting rod (362), a first horizontal bar (363), a second horizontal bar (364), a vertical bar (365), and an elastic element (366). The first horizontal bar (363) and the second horizontal bar (364) are sequentially hinged to the middle and lower part of one side outer wall of the mounting rod (362). The upper and lower ends of the vertical rod (365) are respectively hinged to the ends of the first horizontal bar (363) and the second horizontal bar (364) away from the mounting rod (362). The mounting rod (362) is in the shape of an inverted L. The top of the mounting rod (362) is provided with an elastic element (366) that is hinged to the upper end face of the first horizontal bar (363). The ditching plow (31) is connected to the lower end of the vertical rod (365). The outer wall of the mounting rod (362) is provided with through holes corresponding to the screw ends of the first U-bolt (361). Rectangular frames (37) are provided on both sides of the middle part of the frame (1). The inner arc surface of the first U-bolt (361) is slidably connected to the lower part of the rectangular frame (37). The screw end of the first U-bolt (361) passes through the through hole of the mounting rod (362). A nut is connected to the screw end of the first U-bolt (361).

7. A perennial sugarcane management machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary tiller shaft (33) has a set of tiller blades (331) fixed at each end, which are mounted circumferentially along the rotary tiller shaft (33). The tiller blades (331) are L-shaped right-angle curved blades.

8. A perennial sugarcane management machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The film covering assembly (4) includes a film covering shaft (41), a mounting bracket (42), a mounting frame (43), a tensioning shaft (44), and a soil covering disc (45). The two mounting brackets (42) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rear end of the frame (1). Each mounting bracket (42) has an upward-facing U-shaped groove (421). The two ends of the film covering shaft (41) are slidably engaged in the U-shaped grooves (421) on both sides. The mounting frame (43) is fixed between the two mounting brackets (42) and is located in front of the film covering shaft (41) in the forward direction. The tensioning shaft (44) is rotatably mounted on the lower part of the mounting frame (43). The two soil covering discs (45) are symmetrically hinged on both sides of the lower rear end of the frame (1).

9. A perennial sugarcane management machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The walking device (5) includes walking wheels (51) and walking pressure wheels (52); the four walking wheels (51) are respectively installed around the frame (1); the two walking pressure wheels (52) are located at the rear end of the frame (1) corresponding to the ditching plows (31) on both sides, and the wheel surface of the walking pressure wheel (52) abuts against the upper surface of the film laid on the ground; the rolling trajectory of each walking pressure wheel (52) is collinear with the working center line of the corresponding ditching plow (31), and the rolling direction is consistent with the forward direction of the frame (1); each walking pressure wheel (52) is provided with a clamping part (53) connected to the frame (1).

10. A perennial sugarcane management machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The clamping component (53) includes a second U-bolt (531), a clamping rod (532), a pressure plate (533), a clamping moving rod (534), and an elastic component two (535). The pressure plate (533) is fixedly installed in the middle of the outer wall of one side of the pressure rod (532), and one end of the pressure rod (534) is hinged to the lower end of the outer wall of the same side of the pressure rod (532); the upper end of the elastic element (535) is connected to the lower end face of the pressure plate (533), and the lower end is connected to the rod body of the pressure rod (534) away from the pressure rod (532); The end of the clamping rod (534) away from the clamping rod (532) is rotatably connected to the center of the traveling pressure wheel (52); the outer wall of the other side of the clamping rod (532) is provided with through holes corresponding one-to-one with the screw end of the second U-bolt (531); the rear end of the frame (1) is provided with a crossbeam; the inner arc surface of the second U-bolt (531) is slidably connected to the lower surface of the crossbeam; the screw end of the second U-bolt (531) passes through the through hole of the clamping rod (532); and a locking nut is fitted on the screw end of the second U-bolt (531).

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