Corn straw crushing device with bionic structure

Abstract

The application discloses a corn straw crushing device with a bionic structure and relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, which comprises a forced feeding shaft assembly and a crushing main shaft assembly arranged in parallel, the crushing main shaft assembly comprises a crushing main shaft and a plurality of crushing cutter units, the crushing cutter unit comprises a cutter support, a blade pin shaft, a crushing blade, bionic teeth and a giant osteoglossid scale wear-resistant and viscosity-reducing structure, the crushing blade is installed on the cutter support through the blade pin shaft, four bionic teeth are integrally formed on both sides of the cutting edge of the crushing blade, and the two side surfaces of the crushing blade are provided with the giant osteoglossid scale wear-resistant and viscosity-reducing structure. The cutting profile of the foreleg tibial segment of the North China mole cricket is quantitatively copied to realize the piercing, layered shearing and crushing of the corn straw, and the probability of straw slipping is reduced; the giant osteoglossid scale micro-protruding structure is arranged on the side surface of the cutter to reduce the side wall friction loss, dredge the straw fibers, inhibit the fiber adhesion and accumulation, and improve the service life of the cutter and the operation stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a corn stalk crushing device with a biomimetic structure. Background Technology

[0002] Corn stalks are a major crop straw resource in my country. Returning straw to the field and silage are the core methods for efficient straw disposal. Straw crushing blades are the core working components of straw processing equipment, and their structural performance directly determines the straw crushing quality, power consumption, and equipment lifespan.

[0003] Currently, most straw crushing devices use ordinary straight teeth, circular arc teeth, or serrated blades, resulting in a limited design and poor targeting. Corn stalks are characterized by strong outer fiber toughness, a loose, lignified core, and significant differences in mechanical properties between dry and wet states. Traditional blades, when operating, produce a lack of gradient in cutting and crushing, easily leading to problems such as straw slippage, tearing, incomplete crushing, and insufficient fineness. Secondly, straw fibers easily adhere to and entangle at the blade root and blade body, causing blade jamming, a sudden increase in load, high power consumption, severely impacting work efficiency, and accelerating blade wear. Thirdly, traditional blades have smooth sides, resulting in continuous friction between the blade and straw fibers, leading to rapid sidewall wear and reduced blade life.

[0004] To improve cutting performance, various biomimetic straw crushing tools have been developed in existing technologies, with biological prototypes mainly focusing on locust mandibles, beaver incisors, and shark teeth. The forelegs of the North China mole cricket are specialized digging legs, with multiple gradient cutting teeth distributed on the tibiae, naturally suited for cutting the roots and stems of herbaceous plants, possessing advantages in piercing and step-by-step shearing. However, existing technologies have not parametrically modeled this tooth shape and applied it to straw crushing tools. Furthermore, existing biomimetic straw tools only optimize the macroscopic tooth shape; the cutting edge remains a smooth, continuous structure. When facing the tough epidermal fibers of corn stalks, problems such as high cutting resistance, blade slippage, and fiber fraying still exist, resulting in insufficient actual cutting sharpness.

[0005] As an ancient freshwater fish species, the Arapaima has long thrived in harsh aquatic environments mixed with mud, sand, and coarse aquatic fibers. Its naturally evolved imbricate scales, with their micro-protrusions and gradient layering, possess outstanding friction-reducing, wear-resistant, and fiber-adhesion-blocking capabilities, and are now being applied to the biomimetic development of wear-resistant parts. Current technology has not yet achieved a combined application of the Arapaima-inspired scale microstructure and the mole cricket-inspired cutting teeth, thus failing to simultaneously address multiple challenges in straw crushing operations, such as blade slippage, sidewall wear, and fiber accumulation and adhesion.

[0006] Therefore, a corn stalk crushing device with a biomimetic structure is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] (a) The technical problem to be solved: To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a corn stalk crushing device with a biomimetic structure, solving the following technical problems: Traditional straw crushing blades lack cutting gradients, resulting in poor adaptability to the layered structure of corn straw. They are prone to slipping, fiber formation, poor crushing quality, and high power consumption. Straw fibers easily adhere to and entangle the blade sidewalls, causing severe friction and wear, short blade life, and frequent blade entanglement failures. Existing bionic blades have smooth cutting edges, which result in high resistance when cutting into the straw surface, leading to slipping and fiber formation. Their actual cutting sharpness is insufficient, and they lack synergistic optimization between the microstructure and macroscopic tooth profile of the cutting edge.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a corn stalk crushing device with a biomimetic structure, comprising a forced feeding shaft assembly and a crushing main shaft assembly arranged in parallel. The forced feeding shaft assembly is used for continuous feeding. The crushing main shaft assembly includes a crushing main shaft and multiple sets of crushing cutter units. Each crushing cutter unit includes a cutter support, a blade pin, a crushing blade, biomimetic cutting teeth, and a wear-resistant and non-sticky structure resembling the scales of a giant arapaima. The cutter support is fixed to the outside of the crushing main shaft. The crushing blade is mounted on the cutter support through the blade pin. Both sides of the crushing blade have multiple biomimetic cutting teeth integrally formed. Both sides of the crushing blade are provided with a wear-resistant and non-sticky structure resembling the scales of a giant arapaima. The main cutting edge of the biomimetic cutting teeth has continuously arranged micro-serrations integrally formed.

[0009] Preferably, the crushing blade has a dual-sided usable structure; after the blade edge or bionic teeth on one side wear and become dull, the crushing blade can be flipped over and the blade edge on the other side can be used to continue the straw cutting operation, realizing bidirectional reuse of the blade, effectively extending the service life of the crushing blade and reducing the frequency of blade replacement.

[0010] Preferably, the outer edge contour of the biomimetic blade tooth is composed of a smooth, tangent front piercing surface and a rear shearing and fragmentation surface, and is modeled using a quadratic Bézier curve parametric model. Its basic function formula is as follows: ; in, , , As control points, For parameters; A local Cartesian coordinate system is established with the tip of a single biomimetic blade as the origin, the direction of straw approach as the positive X-axis, and the thickness direction of the blade as the positive Y-axis; control points for the front piercing surface. (0,0) (4,5.2) The value is (9, 3.8), and the parameter is... The tangential angle of the puncture section is maintained at 45°–50°; the control points of the shearing and fracturing surface in the subsequent section. (9, 3.8) (14, 2.4) The parameter is (18, 1.6). The tangent angle of the sheared section is maintained at 15° to 25°; The two-dimensional contour of the bionic blade tooth is enlarged proportionally by a scaling factor k = 3.5 to 6.0 and then stretched along the width direction of the blade.

[0011] Preferably, the height of the tips of the multiple bionic teeth on the same side of the crushing blade is arranged in an arithmetic progression, the distance between two adjacent bionic teeth is L=12~18mm, and the height of the tips of two adjacent bionic teeth decreases arithmetic progression Δh=1.8~3.0mm.

[0012] Preferably, the bionic cutting teeth have a transition radius of R=2.5~4mm at the root; the bionic cutting teeth adopt a wedge-shaped cross section, with a tooth tip thickness of 2~3mm to ensure sharpness and a tooth base thickness of 6~10mm to ensure structural strength.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the wear-resistant and non-sticky structure imitating the scales of the arapaima includes multiple staggered wear-resistant units of the arapaima scales. The wear-resistant units of the arapaima scales are thick at the root and thin at the outer edge. The arc-shaped protrusions of the wear-resistant units of the arapaima scales face the direction of rotation of the crushing blade, and adjacent wear-resistant units of the arapaima scales overlap each other.

[0014] Preferably, the wear-resistant unit of the imitation Arapaima scale has a length of 3-6 mm, a width of 2-4 mm, and a protrusion height of 0.4-1.0 mm; the overlap width of the imitation Arapaima scale wear-resistant units is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the length of the imitation Arapaima scale wear-resistant unit.

[0015] Preferably, the crushing blade is hinged to two blade pins fixed on the tool support through two mounting holes, and the assembly clearance between the blade pins and the mounting holes is controlled at 0.1 to 0.3 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the forced feeding shaft assembly includes a core tube and multiple segmented spiral blades fixed on the outside of the core tube, a feeding plate fixed on the core tube is provided between two adjacent segmented spiral blades, and a feeding shaft head fixed at both ends of the core tube. The crushing spindle assembly also includes crushing shaft heads fixed at both ends of the crushing spindle; the feeding shaft head and the crushing shaft head are used to connect to the external power system and the frame.

[0017] Preferably, the linear velocity ratio of the forced feed shaft assembly and the crushing main shaft assembly rotating in opposite directions is controlled at 1:2.5 to 1:4.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The forced feeding shaft assembly adopts a composite structure of segmented spiral blades and a material-pushing plate, which is different from the traditional integral spiral conveyor. The spiral blades push the material, and the material-pushing plate continuously disturbs the loose straw, breaking up the bridging and accumulation formed by the straw tangling together, ensuring that the straw is continuously and stably conveyed to the crushing area, effectively reducing the frequency of blockage and downtime, and increasing the continuous operation time of the whole machine.

[0019] Based on the cutting teeth of the mole cricket in North China, the two-segment biomimetic cutting teeth first pierce the tough outer layer of straw through a high-angle piercing curved surface, and then complete the layered sliding cut through a low-angle shearing curved surface. With the tooth height decreasing in a gradient arrangement, step-by-step cutting is achieved. The micro-serrations on the cutting edge cut the outer layer fibers at multiple points, reducing the cutting resistance, significantly reducing the probability of straw slippage and filamentation, improving the uniformity of crushed particle size, and reducing the cutting power consumption per unit output.

[0020] The crushing blades are arranged in an array on both sides with an interlocking, tile-like structure resembling the scales of an Arapaima, which reduces the actual contact area between the blade sidewall and the straw fibers, thus reducing sliding friction loss. The curved slope of the Arapaima scales guides the fine straw fibers to flow outward, preventing large-area fiber adhesion and accumulation on the blade surface, alleviating blade entanglement problems, and effectively extending the service life of the crushing blades.

[0021] The crushing blades in this design feature a hinged floating installation, which buffers impacts from hard objects and allows for easy individual disassembly and replacement, making maintenance convenient. The entire system is directly compatible with existing corn stalk returning machines and silage harvesting crushers, and is suitable for both dry and wet corn stalk crushing conditions, making it well-suited for industrialization. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing spindle assembly structure in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing tool unit structure in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the wear-resistant unit and micro-serration structure of the mimicking the scales of the giant arapaima in this invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the extraction of the outline of the excavation foot and biomimetic blade teeth of the foreleg of the mole cricket in North China; Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the coordinate system and control point annotations for the biomimetic blade-shaped Bezier curve. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing blade and bionic cutting teeth in this invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1, forced feeding shaft assembly; 101, core tube; 102, segmented spiral blade; 103, feed plate; 104, feeding shaft head; 2, crushing main shaft assembly; 201, crushing main shaft; 202, crushing cutter unit; 2021, crushing blade; 2022, wear-resistant and non-sticky structure mimicking Arapaima scales; 20221, wear-resistant unit mimicking Arapaima scales; 2023, blade pin; 2024, biomimetic blade teeth; 20241, micro-serrations; 2025, cutter support; 203, crushing shaft head. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Embodiments of the present invention: refer to Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment provides a corn stalk crushing device with a biomimetic structure, including a forced feeding shaft assembly 1 and a crushing main shaft assembly 2 arranged in parallel and facing each other. The linear velocity ratio of the forced feeding shaft assembly 1 and the crushing main shaft assembly 2 rotating in opposite directions is controlled at 1:2.5 to 1:4. The vertical gap between the outer rotational contour of the forced feeding shaft assembly 1 and the rotational contour of the crushing blade 2021 is 25 to 45 mm, which avoids motion interference and prevents stalk leakage. The forced feeding shaft assembly 1 includes a core tube 101 and a core tube fixed to the core tube. The outer side of the core tube 101 has multi-segmented spiral blades 102, and each pair of adjacent segmented spiral blades 102 is provided with a feeding plate 103 fixed on the core tube 101. The forced feeding shaft assembly 1 also includes feeding shaft heads 104 fixed at both ends of the core tube 101. The core tube 101 is made of seamless Q235 carbon steel pipe. The segmented spiral blades 102 and the feeding plate 103 are plasma-cut from Q355 low alloy steel plates with a thickness of 8-12mm. The feeding shaft heads 104 at both ends are machined from No. 45 steel.

[0027] The feeding shaft head 104 and the core tube 101 are butt-welded with bevels at both ends; the segmented spiral blades 102 are arranged in segments along the axial direction of the core tube 101, and the inner ring of the spiral blades and the outer wall of the core tube 101 are fully welded with continuous circumferential fillet welds to ensure welding strength; the material feeding plate 103 is welded and fixed in the middle of two adjacent segmented spiral blades 102. The segmented spiral blades 102 are responsible for the axial conveying of straw. The material feeding plate 103 continuously disturbs and loosens the straw during the rotation of the shaft. The plate surface of the material feeding plate 103 is arranged at an angle along the rotation tangent to improve the straw disturbance effect.

[0028] When the external power drives the forced feeding shaft assembly 1 to rotate, the segmented spiral blades 102 continuously grab the straw and convey it to the feeding plate 103. The feeding plate 103 simultaneously stirs the loose and entangled straw, breaks the material bridging and accumulation state, and continuously conveys the straw to the working area of ​​the crushing main shaft assembly 2 below.

[0029] The crushing spindle assembly 2 includes a crushing spindle 201 and multiple crushing cutter units 202. Each crushing cutter unit 202 includes a cutter support 2025, a blade pin 2023, crushing blades 2021, biomimetic cutting teeth 2024, and a wear-resistant and anti-adhesion structure 2022 mimicking the scales of a giant arapaima. The cutter support 2025 is fixed to the outside of the crushing spindle 201. The crushing blades 2021 are mounted on the cutter support 2025 via the blade pins 2023. Each side of the crushing blade 2021 has four integrally formed biomimetic cutting teeth 2024. The outer edges of the biomimetic cutting teeth 2024... The profile consists of a smooth, tangential front piercing surface and a rear shearing and crushing surface. Multiple bionic teeth 2024 on the same side of the blade are arranged with decreasing tip heights along the blade direction (the decreasing direction is consistent with the straw feeding direction). The gradient arrangement of the bionic teeth 2024 sequentially cuts into the straw, dispersing the cutting load and improving crushing uniformity. The front piercing surface (i.e., the high-angle piercing surface) preferentially pierces the tough outer layer of the straw, while the rear shearing and crushing surface (i.e., the low-angle shearing surface) subsequently completes layered sliding cuts. This gradient tooth height enables step-by-step cutting, reducing cutting power consumption and the probability of slippage. The crushing blade 2021 has a dual-sided usable structure; after one side of the blade or bionic teeth 2024 becomes worn and dull, the crushing blade 2021 can be flipped, and the other side can be used to continue straw cutting, achieving bidirectional blade reuse, effectively extending the service life of the crushing blade and reducing the frequency of blade replacement.

[0030] Both sides of the crushing blade 2021 are integrally formed with a wear-resistant and non-sticky structure 2022 mimicking the scales of a giant arapaima. The main cutting edge of the bionic blade 2024 is integrally formed with continuously arranged micro-serrations 20241. The micro-serrations 20241 and the gradient-arranged bionic blades 2024 form a two-stage cutting system. The micro-serrations 20241 penetrate the straw epidermis at multiple points, preferentially cutting the surface tough fibers, further reducing cutting resistance and slippage probability. The crushing spindle assembly 2 also includes crushing shaft heads 203 fixed at both ends of the crushing spindle 201. The gap between the outer rotation contour of the forced feeding shaft assembly 1 and the rotation contour of the crushing blade 2021 in the perpendicular direction is maintained at 25-45mm. Because if the gap is too small, interference and collision are likely to occur. If the gap is too large, straw leakage and insufficient feeding are likely to occur.

[0031] The main crushing shaft 201 is made of seamless steel pipe of No. 45 steel after quenching and tempering; the crushing shaft heads 203 at both ends of the main shaft are forged from No. 45 steel; the tool support 2025 is made of Q355 steel plate with a thickness of 10-14mm; the blade pin shaft 2023 is made of 40Cr quenched and tempered wear-resistant steel.

[0032] The crushing shaft head 203 is bevel-welded to both ends of the crushing main shaft 201; the cutter support 2025 is welded in a staggered arrangement along the outer wall of the crushing main shaft 201, and the axial lead of two adjacent sets of crushing cutter units 202 arranged axially is controlled between 180 and 260 mm to ensure full coverage of the crushing operation and avoid missed cuts. The crushing blade 2021 is hinged to two blade pins 2023 fixed on the cutter support 2025 through two mounting holes. The assembly clearance between the blade pins 2023 and the mounting holes is controlled between 0.1 and 0.3 mm, thus forming a hinged floating structure, which ensures that the crushing blade 2021 can swing slightly, which can buffer the impact of hard objects, and at the same time facilitates the disassembly and replacement of individual blades, reducing maintenance costs.

[0033] In this embodiment, the crushing blade 2021 uses 65Mn alloy powder with a particle size of 15-53μm and a sphericity of ≥98% atomized. The powder is spread and printed along the thickness direction of the blade, with a layer thickness of 30μm. The laser power is 200-250W and the scanning speed is 800-1000mm / s, directly forming a blade body with macroscopic biomimetic teeth (i.e., the crushing blade 2021) with a density of ≥99.5%. After printing, it undergoes stress-relief annealing (holding at 600℃ for 2 hours) + overall quenching and low-temperature tempering, achieving a hardness of HRC45-48. The substrate is removed by wire cutting, and the mounting holes are precision machined. Subsequently, femtosecond laser processing is used to machine the micro-serrations 20241 on the cutting edge. The micro-serrations 20241 have a tooth height of 120μm, a tooth pitch of 200μm, and a tooth tip angle of 35°, with the tooth tip pointing towards the cutting direction of the blade rotation. The femtosecond laser processing minimizes the heat-affected zone, preventing edge softening during annealing and ensuring the dimensional accuracy and edge hardness of the micro-serrations. The breaker blade 2021 has two mounting holes and is mounted on the tool support 2025 via a blade pin 2023. The blade pin 2023 is made of 40Cr tempered steel, and the assembly clearance between the blade pin 2023 and the mounting hole is 0.2mm, allowing the blade to swing slightly to buffer impacts without excessive radial wobble. For applications requiring higher wear resistance, a tungsten carbide wear-resistant coating can be sprayed onto the working surface of the blade.

[0034] The 2024 biomimetic cutting tooth prototype is derived from four functional cutting teeth on the outer side of the foreleg tibia of a mature mole cricket in North China. Non-cutting areas such as joint soft tissue are removed, leaving only the effective cutting outer edge contour. A local Cartesian coordinate system is established: with the tip of a single biomimetic cutting tooth 2024 as the origin (0,0), the straw approach direction as the positive X-axis, and the tooth thickness direction as the positive Y-axis.

[0035] The outer contour of a single biomimetic blade 2024 is composed of two smooth, tangent quadratic Bézier curves, and its basic function formula is as follows: ; in, , , As control points, For parameters; Control points of the anterior puncture surface (i.e., the high-angle puncture surface) (0,0) (4,5.2) The value is (9, 3.8), and the parameter is... The tangent angle of the puncture section is maintained at 45°–50°; the control points of the subsequent shear fracture surface (i.e., the low-angle shear surface) are... (9, 3.8) (14, 2.4) The parameter is (18, 1.6). The tangent angle of the shearing section is maintained at 15° to 25°. The two-dimensional contour of the bionic cutting tooth 2024 is enlarged proportionally by a scaling factor k=3.5 to 6.0 and then stretched along the width direction of the blade. During production and processing, a scaling factor k=3.5 to 6.0 is selected to enlarge the two-dimensional contour proportionally while keeping the curvature relationship of the curve unchanged.

[0036] In the four bionic teeth 2024 on the same side of the crushing blade 2021, the distance between two adjacent bionic teeth 2024 is L=12~18mm, and the tooth tip height of two adjacent bionic teeth 2024 decreases equally by Δh=1.8~3.0mm; the tooth root of the bionic teeth 2024 is set with a transition fillet R=2.5~4mm to avoid stress concentration and cracking; the bionic teeth 2024 adopt a wedge-shaped cross section, with a tooth tip thickness of 2~3mm to ensure sharpness and a tooth base thickness of 6~10mm to ensure structural strength; the two-dimensional bionic contour is stretched along the width direction of the cylindrical surface to obtain a three-dimensional bionic crushing surface.

[0037] The Arapaima-scale-inspired wear-resistant and anti-adhesion structure 2022 comprises multiple rows and columns of Arapaima-scale-inspired wear-resistant units 20221 arranged in an alternating pattern. Each individual Arapaima-scale-inspired wear-resistant unit 20221 has an arc-shaped, tile-like form, thick at the root and thin at the outer edge. The arc-shaped protrusions of the Arapaima-scale-inspired wear-resistant units 20221 face the direction of rotation of the crushing blade 2021. Adjacent Arapaima-scale-inspired wear-resistant units 20221 overlap each other. The Arapaima-scale-inspired wear-resistant unit 20221 has a length of 3–6 mm, a width of 2–4 mm, and a protrusion height of 0.4–1.0 mm. The overlap width of the overlapping Arapaima-scale-inspired wear-resistant units 20221 is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the length of the unit. This alternating structure forms a continuous guiding slope, improving the anti-adhesion and anti-friction effect. During operation, the tile-like micro-protrusions can reduce the contact area between the sidewall of the shredder blade 2021 and the straw, thus reducing friction and wear; the arc-shaped slope guides the fine straw fibers to slide outward, inhibiting the continuous adhesion and accumulation of fibers, and helping to alleviate blade entanglement problems.

[0038] The workflow of all content in the above embodiments is as follows: The power system drives the forced feeding shaft assembly 1 and the crushing main shaft assembly 2 to rotate in opposite directions. When the corn stalks are fed into the feeding area, the segmented spiral blades 102 grab the stalks and convey them forward. The material guide plate 103 continuously agitates to prevent the stalks from bridging and clogging. The stalks continue to enter the crushing area. The biomimetic blade teeth 2024 on the high-speed rotating crushing blades 2021 first pierce the corn stalks with a high-angle piercing section, breaking through the tough outer layer. Then, the straw is layered and crushed by relying on the low-angle shearing surface. During the crushing operation, the wear-resistant and non-sticky structure 2022 on both sides of the crushing blades 2021, which resembles the scales of a giant arapaima, continuously guides the straw fibers, reduces the frictional resistance of the side walls, and reduces the accumulation of fibers. The device can continuously complete the crushing operation of dry and wet corn stalks for a long time.

[0039] This invention achieves piercing and layered shearing and crushing of corn stalks by quantitatively replicating the cutting tooth contour of the foreleg tibia of the mole cricket in North China, thereby reducing the probability of stalk slippage. The side of the blade is equipped with a wear-resistant and non-sticky structure 2022 that mimics the scales of the giant arapaima, which reduces sidewall friction loss, guides stalk fibers, inhibits fiber adhesion and accumulation, and improves the service life and operational stability of the blade.

[0040] In summary, this invention uses the cutting teeth of the foreleg tibia of the North China mole cricket as a biomimetic prototype, accurately extracting its step-gradient wedge shape, steep front and gentle rear, and multi-tooth staggered gradient arrangement of biomimetic contour surface. The mathematical modeling and parameter quantification design of the blade shape are completed through quadratic Bézier curves, which fits the layered structure characteristics of the tough outer skin and loose core of corn stalks. It can achieve efficient piercing, step-by-step shearing and crushing of stalks, significantly reducing crushing power consumption. The side surface of the crushing blade is arranged with a wear-resistant and non-adhesive structure 2022 that imitates the scales of the giant arapaima, which also has the function of reducing side friction wear and reducing the adhesion of stalk fibers.

[0041] This invention solves the technical pain points of traditional straw crushing blades, such as low crushing efficiency, easy entanglement of straw, severe side wall wear, straw adhesion, and poor reliability, by using a quantitative biomimetic blade shape, a wear-resistant and non-sticky side structure inspired by the scales of the giant arapaima, and mechanical adaptive overload protection. It is suitable for various operating scenarios such as returning dry and wet corn straw to the field and crushing silage, and has extremely high engineering application and industrialization value.

[0042] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A corn stalk crushing device with a biomimetic structure, comprising a forced feeding shaft assembly (1) and a crushing main shaft assembly (2) arranged in parallel, wherein the forced feeding shaft assembly (1) is used for continuous feeding, characterized in that, The crushing spindle assembly (2) includes a crushing spindle (201) and multiple crushing cutter units (202). The crushing cutter unit (202) includes a cutter support (2025), a blade pin (2023), a crushing blade (2021), bionic cutting teeth (2024), and a wear-resistant and non-sticky structure (2022) that resembles the scales of a giant arapaima. The cutter support (2025) is fixed on the outside of the crushing spindle (201). The crushing blade (2021) is mounted on the cutter support (2025) through the blade pin (2023). Both sides of the crushing blade (2021) are integrally formed with multiple bionic cutting teeth (2024). Both sides of the crushing blade (2021) are provided with a wear-resistant and non-sticky structure (2022) that resembles the scales of a giant arapaima. The main cutting edge of the bionic cutting teeth (2024) is integrally formed with continuously arranged micro-serrations (20241).

2. The corn stalk crushing device with a biomimetic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer contour of the biomimetic blade (2024) consists of a smooth, tangent front piercing surface and a rear shearing and fragmentation surface. It is modeled using quadratic Bézier curves, and its basic function formula is as follows: ； in, , , As control points, For parameters; A local Cartesian coordinate system is established with the tip of a single biomimetic blade (2024) as the origin, the straw approach direction as the positive X-axis, and the tooth thickness direction as the positive Y-axis; control points of the front piercing surface. (0,0) (4,5.2) The value is (9, 3.8), and the parameter is... The tangential angle of the puncture section is maintained at 45°–50°; the control points of the shearing and fracturing surface in the subsequent section. (9, 3.8) (14, 2.4) The parameter is (18, 1.6). The tangent angle of the sheared section is maintained at 15° to 25°; The two-dimensional contour of the bionic blade tooth (2024) is enlarged proportionally by a scaling factor k = 3.5 to 6.0 and then stretched along the width direction of the blade.

3. The corn stalk crushing device with a biomimetic structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height of the tips of the multiple bionic teeth (2024) on the same side of the shredder blade (2021) decreases in an equal manner. The distance between two adjacent bionic teeth (2024) is L=12~18mm, and the height of the tips of two adjacent bionic teeth (2024) decreases in an equal manner Δh=1.8~3.0mm.

4. A corn stalk crushing device with a biomimetic structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The root of the bionic cutting tooth (2024) is set with a transition radius of R=2.5~4mm; the bionic cutting tooth (2024) adopts a wedge-shaped cross section, with a tooth tip thickness of 2~3mm to ensure sharpness and a tooth base thickness of 6~10mm to ensure structural strength.

5. A corn stalk crushing device with a biomimetic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Arapaima scale wear-resistant and non-sticky structure (2022) includes multiple staggered Arapaima scale wear-resistant units (20221). The Arapaima scale wear-resistant unit (20221) is thick at the root and thin at the outer edge. The arc-shaped protrusion of the Arapaima scale wear-resistant unit (20221) faces the direction of rotation of the crushing blade (2021). Adjacent Arapaima scale wear-resistant units (20221) overlap each other.

6. A corn stalk crushing device with a biomimetic structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wear-resistant unit (20221) with imitation Arapaima scales has a length of 3-6 mm, a width of 2-4 mm, and a protrusion height of 0.4-1.0 mm; the overlap width of the imitation Arapaima scales wear-resistant units (20221) is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the length of the imitation Arapaima scales wear-resistant unit (20221).

7. A corn stalk crushing device with a biomimetic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing blade (2021) is hinged to two blade pins (2023) fixed on the tool support (2025) through two mounting holes. The assembly clearance between the blade pins (2023) and the mounting holes is controlled at 0.1 to 0.3 mm.

8. A corn stalk crushing device with a biomimetic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forced feeding shaft assembly (1) includes a core tube (101) and a multi-segmented spiral blade (102) fixed on the outside of the core tube (101). A feeding plate (103) fixed on the core tube (101) is provided between two adjacent segments of the spiral blade (102). It also includes a feeding shaft head (104) fixed at both ends of the core tube (101). The crushing spindle assembly (2) also includes crushing shaft heads (203) fixed at both ends of the crushing spindle (201); the feeding shaft head (104) and the crushing shaft head (203) are used to connect to the external power system and the frame.

9. A corn stalk crushing device with a biomimetic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear velocity ratio of the forced feeding shaft assembly (1) and the crushing main shaft assembly (2) rotating in opposite directions is controlled at 1:2.5 to 1:4.

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