Multi-element disaster prevention method based on global thermal gradient regulation and cloud charge absorption

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-element disaster prevention method based on global thermal gradient regulation and cloud charge absorption, and through construction of a global stereoscopic monitoring network and a digital twin, a difference of a stratosphere spreading instruction is generated by real-time diagnosis of a thermal-dynamic imbalance state; long-time solar unmanned aerial vehicle groups are adopted to spread short-wave absorption type stratosphere aerosol preparation for mild warming at the bottom of the polar stratosphere, to spread high albedo stratosphere aerosol preparation for mild cooling at the South Pole, the equator and inland arid areas, and to mildly reduce the thermal gradient on a global scale, so as to inhibit the generation power of a strong convective weather system; a graphene composite material floatation device array based on the field ionization principle is arranged in a mature strong convective cloud cluster; and an independent root layer heating drip irrigation system is used to implement active anti-freezing on the ground. Through cooperation of the above multi-level means, the application provides a comprehensive disaster prevention scheme aiming at regulating a weather system generation background and directly intervening in an internal process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of meteorological engineering and disaster prevention technology, specifically to a multi-dimensional disaster prevention method based on global thermal gradient regulation and cloud charge absorption. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, extreme weather events have occurred frequently around the world. One of the important large-scale dynamic backgrounds for these events is the anomalous change in the thermal gradient between the equator and the poles, and the coupled enhancement of the pressure gradient. The evolution of this large-scale circulation background has provided more favorable conditions for the formation and intensification of severe weather systems such as strong storms and persistent torrential rains.

[0003] Traditional meteorological disaster intervention methods, such as artificial rain enhancement and hail suppression, mainly target individual hazardous weather systems that have already formed or are about to form, providing localized and emergency interventions. While these methods are effective under certain conditions, they have two limitations: First, they cannot exert a forward-looking and mitigating influence on the large-scale circulation background that generates hazardous weather systems, meaning they "treat the symptoms but not the root cause." Second, these localized intervention methods, such as hail suppression and frost prevention operations, are usually designed and operated independently, lacking a comprehensive technical framework that organically links and coordinates them with the control of the broader meteorological background.

[0004] Furthermore, there are still technical bottlenecks in direct intervention for localized severe convective disasters. For example, there is currently a lack of safe and controllable charge discharge and neutralization technologies that can be engineered to address the large amount of electrostatic energy accumulated within thunderstorm clouds; in agricultural production, there is also a lack of efficient, energy-saving, and proactive anti-freezing solutions that can be linked with macro-meteorological control strategies at the data and decision-making level to cope with low-temperature freezing damage in the root zone caused by cold waves or late spring frosts.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multi-faceted disaster prevention strategy that starts with the moderate regulation of large-scale circulation background and can organically coordinate various local refined intervention methods, so as to form a technical solution for multi-level linkage intervention of disaster occurrence background and local system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a multi-hazard prevention method based on global thermal gradient regulation and cloud charge absorption to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A multi-hazard prevention method based on global thermal gradient regulation and cloud charge absorption includes the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Construct a global real-time monitoring network for meteorological disaster risks. Collect data on atmospheric temperature profiles, pressure fields, cloud development status, cloud electric field intensity, and near-surface soil temperature through a three-dimensional monitoring network, and establish a digital twin.

[0010] Step 2: The global intelligent control center performs the following diagnostic process based on the digital twin: calculates the equatorial-Arctic temperature difference, the equatorial-Antarctic temperature difference, the horizontal temperature gradient and pressure gradient between the equator and the continental interior. When any indicator exceeds a preset multiple of the corresponding seasonal climate benchmark value, a Level 1 alarm is triggered. At the same time, combined with satellite cloud images, if the development of an organized strong convective cloud system in the mid-to-high latitudes is identified, a Level 2 alarm is triggered. Only when both Level 1 and Level 2 alarms are triggered simultaneously will the system determine that large-scale circulation intervention needs to be initiated and generate differentiated stratospheric seeding instructions.

[0011] The differentiated stratospheric seeding command is calculated based on the inverse operation of the climate model, and is derived from the specific target calculation of reducing the diagnosed thermal gradient to below the safety threshold. It includes the latitude and longitude grid coordinates of the seeding area, the target aerosol optical thickness (AOD) increment to be achieved, and the formulation seeding dosage and operation duration converted according to the predetermined diffusion model.

[0012] Step 3 involves implementing differentiated seeding at the stratosphere's lower stratospheric level to gently adjust large-scale circulation. A long-endurance solar-powered drone swarm will operate in two parallel groups according to the instructions: the first group will fly to the stratosphere's lower stratospheric level north of 75°N to seed shortwave-absorbing stratospheric aerosols, aiming to absorb solar shortwave radiation to heat the local stratosphere; the second group will fly to the stratosphere's lower stratospheric level south of 60°S Antarctica, between 15° north and south of the equator, and in arid inland regions of continents to seed high-albedo stratospheric aerosols, aiming to reflect solar shortwave radiation to reduce local net stratospheric radiation intake. Through several weeks of gentle, differentiated seeding, the goal is to gradually and gently compress the global thermal gradient, maintaining it near a climate state unfavorable to the formation of extreme weather systems.

[0013] Step 4: Within a fully developed tropospheric convective cloud, when a dual-polarization weather radar and an intra-cloud electric field meter detect preset conditions indicating strong echoes and high electric field strength, a graphene composite aerostat array based on the field ionization principle is released from a ground or airborne platform to form a distributed interception array. The aerostat utilizes its graphene composite micro-tip array, which, under the influence of the background electric field, generates an extremely strong local enhanced electric field at its micrometer-level tips. Its working principle is that when the intensity of this local enhanced electric field exceeds the breakdown threshold of the surrounding air, it triggers corona discharge, forming localized plasma, thereby constructing a discontinuous charge dissipation channel network within the cloud. This network aims to passively dissipate the accumulated charge in the cloud, suppressing the intra-cloud electric field strength below the critical value for ground lightning leader formation, thus reducing the probability of lightning strikes. Simultaneously, numerical simulations show... The physical barrier formed by the airship array and its trailing wake is expected to effectively disturb the core updraft and reduce its vertical velocity, thereby interfering with the path of hail embryos into the supercooled water accumulation zone in the dynamic process, in order to inhibit the growth of large hail.

[0014] Step 5: In the farmland, the pre-buried intelligent one-way water and air drip irrigation system automatically heats the circulating water using a small air source heat pump when a cold wave or late spring cold warning is received and the soil temperature drops to the preset low temperature. It also provides gentle and continuous heating to the root soil through a shallowly buried capillary network to raise and maintain the temperature of the crop root soil.

[0015] Step 6, as a long-term, indirect effect of this method, involves the sustained and mild adjustment of global large-scale circulation caused by the differential seeding at the bottom of the stratosphere described in Step 3. Climate model simulations show that this may indirectly affect the long-term mean state of water vapor transport paths, causing them to revert towards historical climate mean values, thereby mitigating regional precipitation anomalies on medium- and long-term scales. It should be emphasized that this effect is a desired climate trend within the framework of this method, rather than a deterministic engineering control result.

[0016] Step 7: Summarize the real-time feedback data from Steps 1 to 6 and continuously compare it with the preset control target. Based on the adaptive control algorithm, adjust at least one of the following: spraying dosage, airship array deployment parameters, or drip irrigation operation parameters to form a closed-loop control of the entire process of multi-disaster collaborative prevention, in order to maintain the effectiveness of each intervention measure in the long term and enable the climate system to operate stably in a relatively mild state with a low frequency of disasters.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 2, the differentiated stratospheric spraying command specifies the grid coordinates, formulation dosage, and spraying duration for the Arctic warming zone, Antarctic cooling zone, equatorial cooling zone, and continental inland cooling zone.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 3, the shortwave-absorbing stratospheric aerosol formulation uses submicron-sized industrial carbon black that has been purified and treated to remove harmful substances such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as the base material, and is doped with a small amount of harmless fly ash particles to adjust the settling rate; the mass median particle size (MMAD) of the formulation is controlled between 0.1 and 1.0 μm, and it has a strong mass absorption cross section in the solar shortwave radiation band. After being sprayed, it forms an absorbent aerosol layer at the bottom of the Arctic stratosphere, heating the local stratospheric atmosphere and gently affecting the stability and morphology of the polar vortex.

[0019] Furthermore, in step 3, the high-albedo stratospheric aerosol formulation uses purified dry ice microcrystals as condensation nuclei, and forms an inorganic coating layer on the surface through physical adsorption that is resistant to ultraviolet radiation and has high scattering efficiency in the visible light band; the particle size of the formulation is controlled between 1 and 5 μm, aiming to enhance Mie scattering of solar radiation in the 0.3 to 0.7 μm band, improve regional albedo, and reduce net stratospheric radiation income in low latitudes and inland overheated areas.

[0020] Furthermore, in step 3, the control process for differentiated stratospheric seeding at the bottom of the stratosphere includes:

[0021] When triggered, the global intelligent control center generates a gridded spraying table, which includes the target optical thickness increment and the allowed spraying window for each grid.

[0022] During the rehearsal, a swarm of drones flew downwind of the target area to release tracer agents, and the diffusion model was verified by a spaceborne lidar and the spraying height and rate were fine-tuned.

[0023] During execution, the drone sprays at a constant speed parallel to the grid latitude lines. The airborne radar measures the optical thickness of the lower layer aerosol in real time. If the deviation exceeds ±15%, the duty cycle of the sprayer is adjusted to compensate.

[0024] Once completed, transition to level flight cruise and maintain the aerosol layer with minimal replenishment until the command ends.

[0025] Furthermore, in step 3, the drone swarms used to spray shortwave-absorbing stratospheric aerosol agents are strictly separated from the drone swarms used to spray high-albedo stratospheric aerosol agents, each taking off from high-latitude and low-latitude bases to avoid overlapping routes; and the spraying is strictly separated between the Arctic warming zone and the Antarctic and equatorial cooling zones, without overlap.

[0026] Furthermore, in step 4, the physical barrier formed by the distributed interception array and its trailing wake, in numerical simulation, for typical multi-cell storms with a mesocyclone diameter of less than 5 km, is constructed using a grid-like array of aerostats with a spacing of 2 km in the latitude and longitude directions. Simulation results show that the average vertical velocity in the core updraft region can be reduced by more than 30%, thus demonstrating the potential to cut off the path of hail embryos into the supercooled water accumulation zone. Moreover, through charge neutralization, simulation results also show that it can weaken the intra-cloud electric coalescence effect, indicating that the array has the potential to suppress hail growth and lightning leader formation through a dual physical mechanism.

[0027] Furthermore, in step 5, the intelligent one-way water-air drip irrigation system operates independently and does not generate signal or physical interference with the upper-level stratospheric spraying in step 3 and the airship array operation in step 4.

[0028] Furthermore, the near-surface soil temperature data collected in step 1 refers to the soil temperature data within 10cm of the surface; in step 5, the pipeline of the intelligent one-way water-air drip irrigation system is shallowly buried 10cm below the surface of the farmland. When the temperature of the 10cm soil layer drops to 3℃, the system automatically starts heating and circulating injection.

[0029] This invention has the following advantages: Compared with existing single and local disaster intervention methods, this invention constructs a global digital twin and diagnoses the thermodynamic imbalance in real time. It proposes to use differentiated stratospheric aerosol seeding as a mild means to reduce the thermal gradient between the polar regions and the equator and inland areas, thereby weakening the large-scale circulation background that generates severe convective weather systems. On this basis, it coordinates local cloud charge neutralization based on the field ionization principle and physical intervention methods to construct a multi-level collaborative framework from regulating the large-scale circulation background to directly intervening in local weather systems, providing a more comprehensive disaster prevention solution.

[0030] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more intuitively illustrate the prior art and this application, exemplary drawings are provided below. It should be understood that the specific shapes and structures shown in the drawings should not generally be regarded as limiting conditions for implementing this application; for example, based on the technical concept disclosed in this application and the exemplary drawings, those skilled in the art are able to easily make conventional adjustments or further optimizations to the addition / reduction / classification, specific shapes, positional relationships, connection methods, size ratios, etc. of certain units (components).

[0032] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a multi-hazard prevention method based on global thermal gradient regulation and cloud charge absorption, provided for embodiments of this application.

[0033] Figure 2 The flowchart illustrates the implementation of differentiated stratospheric seeding in the multi-hazard prevention method based on global thermal gradient regulation and cloud charge absorption provided in this application embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only for further illustration of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present invention based on the above-described content.

[0035] Please see Figures 1-2 A multi-hazard prevention method based on global thermal gradient regulation and cloud charge absorption includes the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: Construct a global real-time monitoring network for meteorological disaster risks, collect multi-dimensional meteorological data, and establish a digital twin of the atmosphere, ocean, and land.

[0037] A three-dimensional monitoring network consisting of polar-orbiting meteorological satellites, geostationary meteorological satellites, a global radiosonde network, ground-based automatic weather stations, farmland soil temperature and humidity sensors, and cloud electric field meters will be deployed. Atmospheric temperature profiles, pressure fields, cloud development status, cloud electric field intensity, and soil temperature data within 10 cm of the Earth's surface will be continuously collected at various latitudes. All data will be integrated into the global intelligent control center in real time to construct a dynamically updated global atmosphere-ocean-land digital twin, providing a data foundation for subsequent diagnosis and decision-making.

[0038] Step 2: Based on the data collected in Step 1, perform a thermodynamic-dynamic imbalance diagnosis to determine whether differentiated stratospheric seeding has been triggered.

[0039] The control center calculates the equatorial-Arctic temperature difference, the equatorial-Antarctic temperature difference, the horizontal temperature gradient between the equator and the inland areas of the continent, and the corresponding air pressure gradient every 30 minutes.

[0040] In this embodiment, the above indicators are compared with the climatological baseline values ​​of the corresponding season. When any indicator exceeds 1.5 times the baseline value, and the multi-model ensemble forecast system confirms that the expected benefits of active intervention are greater than the potential regional climate risks, and satellite cloud images show that strong convective cloud clusters are developing and exhibiting an organized trend, it is determined that the risk of extreme weather disasters is significantly increased, and a differentiated stratospheric seeding instruction is generated.

[0041] The differentiated stratospheric seeding instructions clearly specify the grid coordinates, formulation dosage, and seeding duration for the Arctic warming zone, Antarctic cooling zone, equatorial cooling zone, and continental inland cooling zone.

[0042] Step 3: Implement differentiated stratospheric seeding at the bottom of the stratosphere to compress the global thermal gradient.

[0043] A long-endurance solar-powered drone swarm was used to conduct parallel operations in two groups according to the differentiated stratospheric spraying instructions generated in step 2.

[0044] In this embodiment, the drone swarm uses long-endurance solar-powered drones with a wingspan of over 30m, a service ceiling of 22km, and a cruising speed of 80-120km / h. Each drone is equipped with a Doppler wind profiler radar, a forward-looking aerosol lidar, and a differential GPS, which can automatically correct drift at the center of a set grid. The drone's belly sprayer is a multi-hole array type, which can precisely control the spraying rate by changing the hole spacing and vibration frequency. Every 20 drones form a work group, with the Arctic warming group and the cooling group operating strictly separately, each taking off from high-latitude and low-latitude bases to avoid flight path overlap.

[0045] The first group flew to the bottom of the stratosphere north of 75°N and sprayed shortwave-absorbing stratospheric aerosols at a dose of 20 to 40 kg / h / grid in an airspace at an altitude of about 15 to 22 km, according to a 10 km × 10 km grid.

[0046] The shortwave-absorbing stratospheric aerosol formulation uses submicron-sized industrial carbon black, purified and free of harmful substances such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, as the base material. A small amount of harmlessly treated fly ash particles are added to adjust the settling rate. The median particle size is controlled between 0.1 and 1.0 μm, exhibiting strong absorption characteristics in the solar shortwave radiation band. After spraying, it forms an absorbing aerosol layer at the bottom of the Arctic stratosphere, heating the local stratospheric atmosphere and gradually and gently influencing the stability and morphology of the polar vortex, thus inhibiting the large-scale southward intrusion of polar cold air into the mid-latitudes.

[0047] In this embodiment, the raw materials for the formulation are obtained from fly ash from coal-fired power plants and carbon black from natural gas pyrolysis. The particles are separated into 0.1-1.0 μm particles by multi-stage cyclone separation and then purified at high temperature to remove adsorbed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other organic matter, ultimately forming a hydrophobic, high-purity black powder. Before filling, it is mixed with a small amount of anhydrous ethanol to form a slurry, which is then poured into an ultrasonic atomizing spray canister carried by an unmanned aerial vehicle. The ethanol flashes in the low-pressure environment of the stratosphere at the moment of spraying, ensuring that it is released in the form of monodisperse dry powder particles. A single filling can maintain continuous spraying for 8 hours.

[0048] The second group flew to the bottom of the stratosphere south of Antarctica, between 15° north and south of the equator, and in the arid inland areas of continents around the world, and sprayed high-albedo stratospheric aerosol preparations at a dose of 30 to 50 kg / h / grid.

[0049] High-albedo stratospheric aerosol formulations use purified dry ice microcrystals as condensation nuclei. The surface forms an inorganic coating layer that is resistant to ultraviolet radiation and has high scattering efficiency in the visible light band through physical adsorption. The particle size is controlled between 1 and 5 μm. The aim is to enhance Mie scattering of solar radiation in the 0.3 to 0.7 μm band, increase regional albedo, and reduce the net stratospheric radiation income in low latitudes and inland overheated areas. This is intended to reduce local net stratospheric radiation income and thus have a medium- to long-term impact on the temperature of the lower troposphere.

[0050] In this embodiment, the formulation is prepared by rapidly cooling food-grade liquid CO2 through a microporous nozzle in a nitrogen atmosphere at -70°C into dry ice microspheres of 1-5 μm. Simultaneously, an inorganic slurry containing submicron-sized titanium dioxide or barium sulfate is sprayed in, resulting in flash freezing and the formation of core-shell structured microparticles. The particles are then fluidized bed dried and screened, maintaining a loose state. They are then loaded into an onboard powder spraying device with a cooling jacket to prevent agglomeration and ensure rapid formation of a high-reflectivity microparticle layer after spraying.

[0051] The warming zone in the Arctic and the cooling zones in Antarctica and the equator will be strictly separated and will not overlap. The control measures will be implemented for several days to two weeks to suppress the major global thermal gradients below the critical dynamic threshold for strong convection, in order to weaken the favorable circulation background required for the formation and intensification of extreme weather systems such as typhoons, heavy rainstorms, and cold waves.

[0052] See Figure 2 The control process for differentiated stratospheric seeding at the bottom of the stratosphere is as follows:

[0053] (1) Trigger: The digital twin platform detects that the extreme red temperature difference exceeds the threshold and generates a gridded spraying table, which includes the target optical thickness increment and the allowed spraying window for each grid.

[0054] (2) Digital twin platform rehearsal: One hour before the operation, the drone swarm flies to 15km downwind of the target area and releases a small amount of tracer agent. The diffusion model is verified by the spaceborne CALIOP type lidar, and the spraying height and rate are finely adjusted.

[0055] (3) Execution: The UAV flies parallel to the grid latitude line and sprays synchronously at the same speed; the airborne radar measures the optical thickness of the lower layer aerosol in real time. If the deviation exceeds ±15%, the duty cycle of the sprayer is changed to compensate.

[0056] (4) Completion and maintenance: When the optical thickness of the target area reaches the design value, the flight will switch to level flight and cruise, maintaining the aerosol layer with only the minimum replenishment amount until the command ends and the flight returns.

[0057] Step 4: In the region where strong convective clouds develop in the troposphere, deploy an array of graphene composite airships based on the principle of field ionization to implement hail and lightning prevention and cloud charge neutralization.

[0058] When the dual-polarization weather radar detects that the top height of the 50dBZ echo of a strong convective cloud exceeds the -20℃ layer, and the reading of the electric field meter inside the cloud exceeds 50kV / m, the control center issues a command for the airship to take off.

[0059] From the ground launch station upstream and in the development zone of the storm, a batch of graphene composite aerostats based on the principle of field ionization are released. The aerostats automatically deploy their skins during ascent, forming a distributed interception array with a horizontal spacing of 3 to 8 km at an altitude of 5 to 12 km above the ground.

[0060] The aerostat utilizes a micro-spike array fabricated from a multi-layered graphene composite material with a spherical skin. When the background electric field within the cloud exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., 30 kV / m), the extremely strong local electric field (radius of curvature effect) at the micro-spike tip forms a local plasma channel when the surrounding air undergoes field ionization. This channel is designed to provide a low-impedance path to facilitate directional charge discharge current between the cloud and the aerostat. Through array-based deployment, a distributed charge neutralization network can be formed, continuously and controllably discharging the electrostatic energy accumulated in the cloud. This maintains the electric field strength within the cloud below the critical value for a ground lightning leader (e.g., 100 kV / m), thereby reducing the probability of lightning formation.

[0061] Meanwhile, the aerostat itself and its trailing wake constitute a distributed physical barrier, which can effectively disturb the updraft structure. In numerical simulation, for typical multi-cell storms with a mesocyclone diameter of less than 5 km, a grid-like array of aerostats was deployed with a spacing of 2 km in the latitude and longitude directions. This reduced the average vertical velocity of the core updraft region by more than 30%, demonstrating the potential to physically interfere with the path of hail embryos into the supercooled water accumulation zone, thereby inhibiting the growth of large hailstones.

[0062] Step 5: Implement proactive frost protection operations for cold waves and late spring frosts in farmland.

[0063] In major agricultural areas, a multi-year shallow-buried intelligent one-way water and air drip irrigation system is pre-laid. The system includes a microporous pipe network buried 10cm below the surface of farmland, a pipe-accompanying temperature sensor, a small air source heat pump circulating heating device, and a weather early warning receiving terminal.

[0064] When the weather warning terminal receives a cold wave or late spring frost warning signal indicating that the temperature will drop below 2°C within the next 6 hours, and the field temperature sensor detects that the soil temperature at a depth of 10cm has dropped to 3°C, the system automatically starts the heat pump and circulating liquid pump. The heated circulating water is then used to gently and continuously heat the root zone soil through a shallowly buried capillary network. Within 30 minutes, the temperature of the root zone soil within a 5-10cm radius of the network can be raised and maintained at 5-8°C, effectively combating short-term low-temperature stress and maintaining this temperature until the cold air process ends. This intelligent one-way water-air drip irrigation system operates independently and does not generate signal or physical interference with the upper-level stratospheric seeding in step 3 or the aerostat array operation in step 4.

[0065] Step 6: Relying on large-scale circulation adjustments, mitigate regional precipitation anomalies on medium- to long-term scales.

[0066] By utilizing the continuous and mild adjustment of global large-scale circulation caused by the absorptive and albedo aerosol seeding in step 3, the long-term average state of water vapor transport paths is indirectly changed, guiding water vapor to converge from flood-sensitive areas to arid areas.

[0067] Equatorial cooling seeding suppresses abnormally strong uplift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and reduces localized excessive rainfall; inland cooling seeding reduces sensible heat flux, lowers atmospheric column instability energy, and suppresses sudden rainstorms; Arctic warming seeding slows the amplitude of the mid-latitude westerly winds and blocks the occurrence of persistent flooding ahead of long-wave ridges; by fine-tuning the seeding density and range, precipitation in each region is gradually pulled towards the climatic mean, achieving medium- to long-term mitigation of regional precipitation anomalies (such as persistent droughts or floods).

[0068] Step 7: Implement intelligent dynamic closed-loop regulation across the entire region to maintain a mild and balanced climate in the long term.

[0069] The control center summarizes the feedback data from steps 1 to 6 every 30 minutes. The feedback data includes the aerosol optical thickness inversion results after stratospheric seeding, the charge discharge power of the airship array and the change curve of the electric field in the cloud, the soil temperature maintenance of the ground drip irrigation system and the precipitation changes in each region, and compares the measured results with the preset control targets.

[0070] When the thermal gradient in a certain area has not returned to a safe range, the stratospheric seeding grid and dosage are adjusted; when the cloud electric field decreases at a rate lower than expected, the number of aerostats is increased or the array spacing is adjusted; when the soil temperature fluctuates beyond the set range, the circulating water heating temperature and injection rate are finely adjusted.

[0071] Through a continuous closed loop of perception-diagnosis-intervention-assessment, the aim is to continuously optimize intervention strategies to help the climate system remain in a relatively mild state with a low frequency of disasters in the long term.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-hazard prevention method based on global thermal gradient regulation and cloud charge absorption, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct a global three-dimensional monitoring network for meteorological disaster risks. Collect multi-dimensional meteorological data through the three-dimensional monitoring network. The multi-dimensional meteorological data includes at least atmospheric temperature profile, pressure field, cloud development status, electric field intensity within clouds, and near-surface soil temperature. Use this data to establish a digital twin. Step 2: Based on the digital twin, the global intelligent control center diagnoses the thermodynamic-dynamic imbalance in real time. The diagnosis includes at least calculating the equatorial-Arctic temperature difference, the equatorial-Antarctic temperature difference, the horizontal temperature gradient between the equator and the inland areas of the continent, and the corresponding pressure gradient. When any diagnostic indicator exceeds the preset threshold of the corresponding seasonal climate benchmark value and meets the preset risk conditions for the formation of severe convective weather systems, a differentiated stratospheric seeding instruction is generated. The differentiated stratospheric seeding instruction includes the latitude and longitude grid coordinates of the seeding area, the target aerosol optical thickness increment, and the converted formulation seeding dosage and operation duration, calculated to compress the thermodynamic gradient of the diagnostic area. Step 3 involves implementing differentiated seeding at the bottom of the stratosphere to gently adjust the large-scale circulation background. A swarm of long-endurance solar-powered drones is used, operating in two parallel groups according to the differentiated stratospheric seeding instructions: the first group flies to the bottom of the stratosphere north of 75°N North Pole to seed shortwave-absorbing stratospheric aerosols, aiming to increase local shortwave radiation absorption in the stratosphere; the second group flies to the bottom of the stratosphere south of 60°S Antarctica, between 15° north and south of the equator, and in arid inland areas of continents to seed high-albedo stratospheric aerosols, aiming to increase local stratospheric albedo. Through this differentiated seeding, the polar-equatorial thermal gradient is gently reduced on a global scale, with the aim of weakening the background for the formation of severe convective weather systems. Step 4: Local intervention is implemented within the tropospheric strong convective cloud cluster. When the dual-polarization weather radar and the cloud electric field meter detect preset echoes and electric field conditions indicating that the strong convective cloud cluster is mature and charged, a graphene composite material aerostat array based on the field ionization principle is released into the cloud cluster to form a distributed interception array. The aerostat utilizes the graphene composite material micro-tip array on its skin to locally enhance the electric field strength at the tip of the micro-tip under the action of the background electric field within the cloud. The aim is to induce corona discharge or field ionization when the local electric field strength exceeds the air ionization threshold, forming a charge discharge channel to neutralize the cloud cluster charge and suppress lightning formation conditions. At the same time, the aerostat array and its trailing wake are used to form a physical barrier to disturb the updraft and reduce its vertical velocity, thereby interfering with the dynamic conditions required for hail growth. Step 5: Implement active frost protection in farmland. Utilize the pre-buried intelligent drip irrigation system. When a cold wave or late spring cold snap warning is received and the near-surface soil temperature drops to a preset low temperature, the system automatically uses a heat pump to heat the circulating medium and gently heats the root zone soil through a shallowly buried capillary network to maintain the crop root zone soil temperature above the safe threshold. Step 6: Through the differential seeding at the bottom of the stratosphere described in Step 3, the global large-scale circulation is continuously and mildly adjusted, thereby indirectly affecting the long-term average state of water vapor transport paths and causing them to revert to the historical climate average, thus mitigating regional precipitation anomalies on a medium- to long-term scale. Step 7: Summarize the feedback data from Steps 1 to 6, compare it with the preset control target, and adjust at least one of the following based on the comparison results: spraying dose, airship array deployment parameters, or drip irrigation operation parameters to form a closed-loop control in order to maintain the effectiveness of the intervention measures.

2. The multi-hazard prevention method based on global thermal gradient regulation and cloud charge absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the differentiated stratospheric seeding command specifies the grid coordinates, formulation dosage, and seeding duration for the Arctic warming zone, Antarctic cooling zone, equatorial cooling zone, and continental inland cooling zone.

3. The multi-hazard prevention method based on global thermal gradient regulation and cloud charge absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the shortwave-absorbing stratospheric aerosol formulation uses submicron-sized industrial carbon black, purified and free of harmful substances such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, as the base material, and is doped with a small amount of harmless fly ash particles to adjust the settling rate. The median particle size of the formulation is controlled between 0.1 and 1.0 μm, and it has a strong mass absorption cross section in the solar shortwave radiation band. After being sprayed, it forms an absorbent aerosol layer at the bottom of the Arctic stratosphere, heating the local stratospheric atmosphere and gently influencing the stability and morphology of the polar vortex.

4. The multi-hazard prevention method based on global thermal gradient regulation and cloud charge absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the high-albedo stratospheric aerosol formulation uses purified dry ice microcrystals as condensation nuclei, and forms an inorganic coating layer on the surface through physical adsorption that is resistant to ultraviolet radiation and has high scattering efficiency in the visible light band. The particle size of the formulation is controlled between 1 and 5 μm to enhance Mie scattering of solar radiation in the 0.3 to 0.7 μm band, improve regional albedo, and reduce net stratospheric radiation income in low latitudes and inland overheated areas.

5. The multi-hazard prevention method based on global thermal gradient regulation and cloud charge absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the control process for differential stratospheric seeding at the bottom of the stratosphere includes: When triggered, the global intelligent control center generates a gridded spraying table, which includes the target optical thickness increment and the allowed spraying window for each grid. During the rehearsal, a swarm of drones flew downwind of the target area to release tracer agents, and the diffusion model was verified by a spaceborne lidar and the spraying height and rate were fine-tuned. During execution, the drone sprays at a constant speed parallel to the grid latitude lines. The airborne radar measures the optical thickness of the lower layer aerosol in real time. If the deviation exceeds ±15%, the duty cycle of the sprayer is adjusted to compensate. Once completed, transition to level flight cruise and maintain the aerosol layer with minimal replenishment until the command ends.

6. The multi-hazard prevention method based on global thermal gradient regulation and cloud charge absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the drone swarms used to spray shortwave-absorbing stratospheric aerosol agents are strictly separated from the drone swarms used to spray high-albedo stratospheric aerosol agents, each taking off from high-latitude and low-latitude bases to avoid overlapping routes; and the spraying is strictly separated between the Arctic warming zone and the Antarctic and equatorial cooling zones, without overlap.

7. The multi-hazard prevention method based on global thermal gradient regulation and cloud charge absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4, the physical barrier formed by the distributed interception array and its trailing wake is, in numerical simulation, for typical multi-cell storms with a mesocyclone diameter of less than 5km, a grid-like array of airships is deployed, with the airship arrays spaced 2km apart in the latitude and longitude directions.

8. The multi-hazard prevention method based on global thermal gradient regulation and cloud charge absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 5, the intelligent one-way water-air drip irrigation system operates independently and does not generate signal or physical interference with the high-altitude stratosphere spraying in step 3 and the airship array operation in step 4.

9. The multi-hazard prevention method based on global thermal gradient regulation and cloud charge absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, The near-surface soil temperature data collected in step 1 refers to the soil temperature data at a depth of 10cm from the surface. In step 5, the pipeline of the intelligent one-way water-air drip irrigation system is shallowly buried 10cm below the surface of the farmland. When the temperature of the 10cm soil layer drops to 3℃, the system automatically starts heating and circulating injection.

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