A method for cultivating and managing a beech cutting nursery

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of forest cultivation, and specifically discloses a young cultivation management method for beech cutting stock nursery, which significantly improves the rooting rate of cutting stock from 50% to more than 75% through systematic young regulation and control measures such as trunk cutting rejuvenation, pinching and pruning renewal. Through the selection of excellent mother plants and asexual young cultivation, the problem of trait separation of seed propagation offspring and degradation of good varieties is effectively solved, and reliable technical support is provided for asexual systematization and industrialized seedling raising of beech good varieties. Through scientific water and fertilizer management, pruning rejuvenation and other measures, the yield of cutting stock can be significantly improved, which is 2-3 times higher than that of conventional cutting stock nursery, and the quality of the cutting stock is excellent, so that multiple cutting can be realized in one year.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of forest tree cultivation technology, specifically relating to a method for the juvenile cultivation and management of Zelkova serrata scion orchards. Background Technology

[0002] Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino is a precious native broad-leaved tree species in my country, possessing value in timber, landscaping, and ecological protection. Its straight trunk, beautiful crown, and striking autumn foliage make it an excellent choice for high-quality timber and urban greening. However, Zelkova exhibits a significant physiological aging effect. As the mother tree ages, the lignification of branches increases, cell differentiation intensifies, and meristematic and rooting abilities decline sharply. The content of endogenous rooting hormones decreases, and rooting inhibitors such as tannins accumulate in large quantities. This results in extremely low rooting rates for cuttings taken directly from mature, superior mother trees, typically less than 20%, or even complete failure to root and eventual rotting and death. This severely restricts the asexual propagation and large-scale application of superior Zelkova germplasm. Therefore, to breed superior varieties, it is necessary to establish a Zelkova serrata scion orchard and adopt juvenile cultivation and management methods to maintain the juvenile physiological state of the mother plants in the long term, continuously produce high-quality scions with strong vitality and easy rooting, and fundamentally solve the technical bottleneck of the difficulty of asexual reproduction of Zelkova serrata.

[0003] Currently, Zelkova serrata scion orchards mostly employ conventional management methods, lacking systematic juvenile regulation measures. This leads to rapid aging of the mother plants, short scion harvesting cycles, low scion yield, inconsistent scion quality, and the inability to stably transmit the genetic traits of superior mother plants to cuttings. Seed propagation, on the other hand, suffers from severe segregation of traits in offspring and degeneration of superior traits. While existing technologies contain limited research on Zelkova serrata cutting propagation, they primarily focus on scion treatment and environmental control, failing to establish a complete juvenile cultivation management system for scion orchards. This system cannot fundamentally address the core bottlenecks of mother plant aging, poor scion quality, and difficulty in rooting.

[0004] Furthermore, the modern seedling industry has an increasing demand for high-quality Zelkova seedlings, requiring seedlings to be uniform in size, highly resistant to adverse conditions, and stable in growth. However, the existing management model of scion orchards is difficult to meet the needs of large-scale, standardized, and intensive production. There is an urgent need for a juvenile cultivation and management method that can maintain the physiological state of young scion mother plants for a long time, stably produce high-quality scions, and extend the service life of scion orchards, so as to provide technical support for the industrialized breeding of high-quality Zelkova seedlings and the protection of germplasm resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems in the existing technology of Zelkova serrata scion orchard management, such as lack of systematic juvenile cultivation measures, easy aging of mother plants, weak rooting ability of scions, and unstable yield and quality, this invention provides a method for juvenile cultivation and management of Zelkova serrata scion orchards.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for the juvenile cultivation and management of Zelkova serrata scion orchards includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Nursery Site Selection and Preparation

[0009] When preparing the nursery, first remove weeds, stones, and debris from the plot, then plow to a depth of 30-40cm and let it dry in the sun for 7-10 days to break up soil clods. Next, apply base fertilizer at a rate of 2000-3000 kg / mu, spreading it evenly and then shallowly plowing to a depth of 15-20cm to ensure the fertilizer is thoroughly mixed with the soil. Finally, make raised beds, 1.5-1.8m wide, 20-30cm high, and 30-40cm apart. Dig drainage ditches, 20-25cm wide and 15-20cm deep, to ensure unobstructed drainage and prevent waterlogging that could cause root rot in the mother plants.

[0010] Step 2: Selection and Planting of Superior Mother Plants

[0011] Select healthy, disease-free, straight-trunked, and plump buds, 1-2 year old, vigorous, and fertile Zelkova serrata clonal container seedlings as mother plants for scion collection. The mother plants should be ≥1.2m in height, ≥1.0cm in diameter at ground level, have well-developed root systems, and be free from mechanical damage.

[0012] The planting time should be in early spring, from early February to late March before budding. The planting density should be (70-80cm) × (110-120cm) between plants, with 690-860 plants per acre. One month before planting, the soil should be deeply tilled to a depth of 1.0-1.5m to remove debris. Before planting, remove the container bags from the mother plants, cut off the bottom rootstock, spray the root ball with a 500mg / L carbendazim solution, and let it dry before planting. When planting, dig planting holes with a diameter of 50-60cm and a depth of 25-30cm, backfill with soil and compact it in layers, and water thoroughly. After planting, build a watering embankment, lower in the middle and higher on both sides, and seal the edges of the embankment with garden soil. Cover the base with 3-5cm of weeds to retain moisture.

[0013] Step 3: Fine-grained regulation treatment

[0014] Premature regrowth regulation is divided into early post-planting premature regrowth and continuous premature regrowth during the growing season, as detailed below:

[0015] 3.1 Initial pruning: After the mother plant survives the transplanting, when the new shoots sprout in length ≥8cm, perform the first trunk pruning treatment. The cut should be 20-30cm away from the base of the seedling trunk, with a smooth cut, and apply wound healing agent. In the early spring of the second year, remove the weak and diseased buds that sprout, and retain 2-3 strong basal suckers to promote the growth of suckers. In winter, shorten 1 / 3-1 / 4 of the upright vigorous branches to cultivate the upright trunk, hereinafter referred to as the upright trunk.

[0016] 3.2 Continuous juvenile growth during the growing season: In the third year after planting, in early spring, collect 10-15cm of one-year-old new shoots from the tips of the primary lateral branches at the base as scions; when budding, retain 2-3 buds at different positions 15-25cm from the top of the upright trunk, and appropriately retain 3-5 buds on the primary lateral branches at the base according to their growth position and direction; in May-June, pinch or prune the primary lateral branches, cutting off the top of the shoots sprouting from the uppermost part of the upright trunk, and apply wound healing agent to the cut; after leaf fall and before budding, prune diseased, weak, crossing, and competing branches. In the fourth- to fifth years after planting, from winter to early spring, suppress apical growth by shortening the primary lateral branches, retaining 2-3 primary lateral branches at the upper part and base of the upright trunk; when budding in spring, retain 3-4 strong buds on the primary lateral branches to promote the growth of secondary lateral branches, and prune old and weak secondary lateral branches, always retaining 2-3 one- to two-year-old secondary lateral branches as scions.

[0017] Step 4: Pruning and Rejuvenation

[0018] In the 6th to 8th year after planting, after leaf fall each autumn, perform a comprehensive pruning of the mother plant, removing diseased, weak, overly dense, crossing, and aging branches, while retaining healthy young branches and basal suckers to maintain a reasonable crown shape and good ventilation and light penetration. For some mother plants with poor shoot sprouting ability, before budding each spring, cut the trunk and apply a wound healing agent, making the cut 15-20cm from the base of the trunk, retaining 3-5 basal suckers. During the growing season, when the upright new shoots grow to 20-25cm, pinch off the terminal bud to remove the growing point. Each time scions are harvested, collect healthy scions, and prune the mother plant promptly after harvesting, removing the remaining branches and retaining 1-2 weak branches.

[0019] Step 5: Water and Fertilizer Management

[0020] Water and fertilizer management follows the principle of "frequent application of light fertilizer and supply as needed," and is carried out in stages in combination with the growth cycle of the mother plant and the needs of juvenile development;

[0021] Step 6: Long-term management of the scion orchard

[0022] Regularly inspect the scion nursery, promptly remove weeds and replant missing plants to ensure uniform growth of mother plants; every 2-3 years, deeply cultivate and loosen the soil in the nursery to improve soil aeration and promote root growth; re-plan the planting density based on the growth status of the mother plants.

[0023] Furthermore, in step 1, the base fertilizer is composed of well-rotted organic fertilizer, superphosphate, and well-rotted cake fertilizer mixed in a mass ratio of 5:2:1.

[0024] Furthermore, the specific steps of step 5 are as follows:

[0025] 5.1 Water Management: Water once a week for the first month after transplanting; during the growing season, water according to soil moisture, replenish water in time when dry, and drain water in time during the rainy season; water thoroughly once 10-15 days before harvesting; after leaf fall in winter, water once to protect the root system and ensure safe overwintering.

[0026] 5.2 Fertilizer management: Fertilize 3-5 times a year, namely bud-promoting fertilizer, shoot-promoting fertilizer, post-harvest fertilizer and overwintering fertilizer.

[0027] As a further improvement to step 5, the application time and method of the fertilization management steps for bud-promoting fertilizer, shoot-promoting fertilizer, post-harvest fertilizer, and overwintering fertilizer are as follows:

[0028] Apply nitrogen fertilizer before spring budding at a rate of 0.3-0.6 kg / plant to promote new shoot growth and bud development. Apply NPK compound fertilizer during the vigorous growth period of new shoots at a rate of 0.4-0.8 kg / plant. Apply post-harvest fertilizer 7-10 days after each harvest, primarily using phosphorus and potassium fertilizer with a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer in a 7:3 ratio, at a rate of 0.3-0.8 kg / plant, to promote the recovery of the mother plant's growth and enhance the tree's resistance. Apply winter fertilizer after leaf fall every 1-2 years, primarily using well-rotted sheep manure and oilseed cake, supplemented with... Add a small amount of compound fertilizer at a ratio of 8:2, using 1500-2500 kg / mu, to reserve nutrients for next year's growth. When fertilizing, use trench or hole application, with a trench depth of 10-20 cm. After application, cover with soil and compact to avoid fertilizer burning the root system. For some mother plants that are 6-8 years old, after coppicing, spray the base with a 3000-5000 times diluted solution of benzylaminopurine and a 5000-10000 times diluted solution of brassinolide in early spring. During the growing season, rotate the spraying of foliar fertilizer on all mother plants in the scion nursery every year, including potassium fertilizer, boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, calcium fertilizer, etc.

[0029] The advantages of this invention are:

[0030] 1. This invention significantly improves the rooting rate of cuttings from 50% to over 75% through systematic rejuvenation control measures (stem cutting and rejuvenation, pinching, pruning and renewal, etc.).

[0031] 2. This invention effectively solves the problems of trait segregation and seed degeneration in offspring propagated by seed propagation through the selection of superior mother plants and asexual juvenile cultivation, providing reliable technical support for the asexual propagation and industrialized seedling production of superior Zelkova serrata varieties.

[0032] 3. This invention, through scientific water and fertilizer management, pruning and rejuvenation measures, can significantly increase the yield of panicles, increasing it by 2-3 times compared to conventional panicle orchards, and the quality of the panicles is excellent, allowing for multiple harvests per year. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0034] Example: A method for the juvenile cultivation and management of Zelkova serrata scion orchards

[0035] This embodiment was conducted at the Maoshan Experimental Base of Jiangsu Nongjing Ecological Construction Co., Ltd. in Jurong City. The experimental plot was yellow-brown soil with an annual sunshine duration of 1400 hours.

[0036] Step 1: Nursery Site Selection and Preparation

[0037] Remove weeds, stones, and debris from the plot, plow to a depth of 35cm, let it dry for 8 days, and break up soil clods; apply base fertilizer at a rate of 2500kg / mu, which is a mixture of well-rotted organic fertilizer, superphosphate, and well-rotted cake fertilizer in a mass ratio of 5:2:1, spread evenly, and then plow to a depth of 18cm to mix the fertilizer with the soil; make beds with a width of 1.7m, a height of 25cm, and a spacing of 35cm between beds; dig drainage ditches with a width of 22cm and a depth of 18cm.

[0038] Step 2: Selection and Planting of Superior Mother Plants

[0039] Select healthy, disease-free, straight-trunked, and plump Zelkova serrata seedlings as mother plants for scion collection. The mother plants should be 1.3m tall, 1.2cm in diameter at ground level, have well-developed root systems, and be free from mechanical damage.

[0040] Transplanting should be done in early spring, from early February to late March before bud break. The planting density is 80cm x 110cm, which ensures good ventilation and light penetration, prevents root rot due to overcrowding, and extends the plant's lifespan. Plant 750 plants per acre. One month before transplanting, deeply till the soil to a depth of 1.0-1.5m and remove debris. Before transplanting, remove the container bags from the mother plants, trim the bottom rootstock, and spray the root ball with a 500mg / L carbendazim solution. Allow it to dry before transplanting. Dig planting holes 50cm in diameter and 28cm deep, backfill with soil, compact in layers, and water thoroughly. After transplanting, construct a watering embankment, lower in the center and higher at the sides. Seal the edges of the embankment with garden soil and cover the base with a 4cm layer of weeds to retain moisture.

[0041] Step 3: Fine-grained regulation treatment

[0042] Premature regrowth regulation is divided into early post-planting premature regrowth and continuous premature regrowth during the growing season, as detailed below:

[0043] 3.1 Initial pruning: After the mother plant has survived transplanting, when the new shoots sprout to a length of 10cm, the first trunk pruning is performed. The cut should be 25cm away from the base of the trunk, retaining 2 plump buds at the base. Apply wound healing agent to the cut. In early spring of the second year, remove weak and diseased buds that sprout, and retain 2-3 strong basal suckers to promote the growth of suckers. In winter, shorten 1 / 3-1 / 4 of the upright vigorous branches to cultivate the upright trunk, hereinafter referred to as the upright trunk.

[0044] 3.2 Continuous juvenile growth during the growing season: In the third year after planting, in early spring, collect 10-15cm of one-year-old new shoots from the top of the primary lateral branches at the base as scions; when budding, retain 2-3 buds at different positions 15-25cm from the top of the upright trunk, and appropriately retain 3-5 buds on the primary lateral branches at the base according to their growth position and direction; in May-June, pinch or prune the primary lateral branches, cut off the top of the branch sprouting from the uppermost part of the upright trunk, and apply wound healing agent to the cut; after leaf fall and before budding, prune diseased, weak, crossing, and competing branches; in the fourth- to fifth year after planting, from winter to early spring, suppress apical growth and shorten the primary lateral branches, retaining 2-3 primary lateral branches at the upper part and base of the upright trunk; when budding in spring, retain 3-4 strong buds on the primary lateral branches to promote the growth of secondary lateral branches, and prune old and weak secondary lateral branches, always retaining 2-3 one- to two-year-old secondary lateral branches as scions.

[0045] Step 4: Pruning and Rejuvenation

[0046] In the 6th to 8th year after planting, after leaf fall each autumn, perform a comprehensive pruning of the mother plant, removing diseased, weak, overly dense, crossing, and aging branches, while retaining healthy young branches and basal suckers to maintain a reasonable crown shape and good ventilation and light penetration. For some mother plants with poor shoot sprouting ability, before budding each spring, cut the trunk and apply a wound healing agent, making the cut 15-20cm from the base of the trunk, retaining 3-5 basal suckers. During the growing season, when the upright new shoots grow to 20-25cm, pinch off the terminal bud to remove the growing point. Each time scions are harvested, collect healthy scions, and prune the mother plant promptly after harvesting, removing the remaining branches and retaining 1-2 weak branches.

[0047] Step 5: Water and Fertilizer Management

[0048] Water and fertilizer management follows the principle of "frequent application of light fertilizer and supply as needed," and is carried out in stages in combination with the growth cycle of the mother plant and the needs of juvenile development;

[0049] 5.1 Water Management: Water once a week for the first month after transplanting; during the growing season, water according to soil moisture, replenish water in time when dry, and drain water in time during the rainy season; water thoroughly once 10-15 days before harvesting; after leaf fall in winter, water once to protect the root system and ensure safe overwintering.

[0050] 5.2 Fertilization Management: Fertilize 3-5 times annually, namely, bud-promoting fertilizer, shoot-promoting fertilizer, post-harvest fertilizer, and winter fertilizer. Bud-promoting fertilizer is applied in spring before bud break, using nitrogen fertilizer at a rate of 0.3-0.6 kg / plant to promote new shoot growth and bud development. Shoot-promoting fertilizer is applied during the vigorous growth period of new shoots, using a compound NPK fertilizer at a rate of 0.4-0.8 kg / plant. Post-harvest fertilizer is applied 7-10 days after each harvest, mainly using phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, supplemented with a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer in a 7:3 ratio, at a rate of 0.3-0.8 kg / plant, to promote the recovery of the mother plant's growth and enhance the tree's resistance. Winter fertilizer is applied after leaf fall in winter, every 1-2 years, mainly using well-rotted sheep manure and oilseed cake, supplemented with... Add a small amount of compound fertilizer at a ratio of 8:2, using 1500-2500 kg / mu, to reserve nutrients for next year's growth. When fertilizing, use trench or hole application, with a trench depth of 10-20 cm. After application, cover with soil and compact to avoid fertilizer burning the root system. For some mother plants that are 6-8 years old, after coppicing, spray the base with a concentration of 3000-5000 times diluted benzyl aminopurine and 5000-10000 times diluted brassinolide in early spring. During the growing season, rotate the spraying of foliar fertilizer on all mother plants in the scion nursery every year, including potassium fertilizer, boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, calcium fertilizer, etc.

[0051] Step 6: Long-term management of the scion orchard

[0052] Regularly inspect the scion nursery, promptly remove weeds and replant missing plants to ensure uniform growth of mother plants; every 2-3 years, deeply cultivate and loosen the soil in the nursery to improve soil aeration and promote root growth; re-plan the planting density based on the growth status of the mother plants.

[0053] In this embodiment, the scion mother plants are kept in a young physiological state, the scion yield is increased by 3 times compared with conventional scion orchards, the rooting rate of scion cuttings reaches 82%, the service life of the scion orchard is extended to 10 years, the cuttings grow vigorously, have uniform characteristics, and are free from obvious diseases and pests, resulting in significant economic and ecological benefits.

[0054] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for the cultivation and management of young Zelkova serrata scion orchards, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Nursery Site Selection and Preparation When preparing the nursery site, first remove weeds, stones, and debris from the plot, then plow to a depth of 30-40cm and let it dry in the sun for 7-10 days to break up soil clods. Next, apply base fertilizer at a rate of 2000-3000 kg / mu, spreading it evenly and then shallowly plowing to a depth of 15-20cm to ensure the fertilizer is thoroughly mixed with the soil. Finally, make raised beds, 1.5-1.8m wide, 20-30cm high, and 30-40cm apart. Dig drainage ditches, 20-25cm wide and 15-20cm deep, to ensure unobstructed drainage and prevent waterlogging that could cause root rot in the mother plants. Step 2: Selection and Planting of Superior Mother Plants Select healthy, disease-free, straight-trunked, and plump Zelkova serrata clonal container seedlings that are 1-2 years old, vigorous, and free from pests and diseases as mother plants for scion collection. The mother plants should be ≥1.2m in height, ≥1.0cm in diameter at ground level, have well-developed root systems, and be free from mechanical damage. The planting time should be in early spring, from early February to late March before budding. The planting density should be (70-80cm) × (110-120cm) between plants, with 690-860 plants per acre. One month before planting, the soil should be deeply tilled to a depth of 1.0-1.5m and debris removed. Before planting, remove the container bags from the mother plants, cut off the bottom rootstock, spray the root ball with a 500mg / L carbendazim solution, and let it dry before planting. When planting, dig planting holes with a diameter of 50-60cm and a depth of 25-30cm, backfill with soil and compact it in layers, and water thoroughly. After planting, build a watering embankment, lower in the middle and higher on both sides, and seal the edges of the embankment with garden soil. Cover the base with 3-5cm of weeds to retain moisture. Step 3: Fine-grained regulation treatment Premature regrowth regulation is divided into early post-planting premature regrowth and continuous premature regrowth during the growing season, as detailed below: 3.1 Initial pruning: After the mother plant has survived transplanting, when the new shoots sprout in length ≥8cm, perform the first trunk pruning treatment. The cut should be 20-30cm away from the base of the stem, with a smooth cut, and apply a wound healing agent. In early spring of the second year, remove weak and diseased buds, retaining 2-3 healthy basal suckers to promote the growth of suckers. In winter, shorten the upright vigorous branches by 1 / 3-1 / 4 to cultivate the upright trunk, hereinafter referred to as the upright trunk. 3.2 Continuous juvenile growth during the growing season: In the third year after planting, in early spring, collect 10-15cm of one-year-old new shoots from the top of the primary lateral branches at the base as scions; when budding, retain 2-3 buds at different positions 15-25cm from the top of the upright trunk, and retain 3-5 buds on the primary lateral branches at the base according to their growth position and direction; in May-June, pinch or prune the primary lateral branches, cut off the top of the branches sprouting from the uppermost part of the upright trunk, and apply wound healing agent to the cut; after leaf fall and before budding, prune diseased, weak, crossing, and competing branches; in the fourth- to fifth year after planting, from winter to early spring, prune the primary lateral branches by inhibiting apical growth, retaining 2-3 primary lateral branches at the top and base of the upright trunk; when budding in spring, retain 3-4 strong buds on the primary lateral branches to promote the growth of secondary lateral branches, and prune old and weak secondary lateral branches, always retaining 2-3 one- to two-year-old secondary lateral branches as scions; Step 4: Pruning and Rejuvenation In the 6th to 8th year after planting, after leaf fall each autumn, perform a comprehensive pruning of the mother plant, removing diseased, weak, overly dense, crossing, and aging branches, while retaining healthy young branches and basal suckers to maintain a reasonable crown shape and good ventilation and light penetration. For some mother plants with poor shoot sprouting ability, before budding each spring, cut the trunk and apply a wound healing agent, making the cut 15-20cm from the base of the trunk, retaining 3-5 basal suckers. During the growing season, when the upright new shoots grow to 20-25cm, pinch off the terminal buds. Each time shoots are harvested, collect healthy shoots, and prune the mother plant promptly after harvesting, removing the remaining branches and retaining 1-2 weak branches. Step 5: Water and Fertilizer Management Water and fertilizer management follows the principle of "frequent application of diluted fertilizer and supply as needed," and is carried out in stages in combination with the growth cycle of the mother plant and the needs of juvenile development. Step 6: Long-term management of the scion orchard Regularly inspect the scion nursery, promptly remove weeds and replant missing plants to ensure uniform growth of mother plants; every 2-3 years, deeply cultivate and loosen the soil in the nursery to improve soil aeration and promote root growth; re-plan the planting density based on the growth status of the mother plants.

2. The method for cultivating and managing young Zelkova serrata scion orchards according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base fertilizer is composed of well-rotted organic fertilizer, superphosphate, and well-rotted cake fertilizer in a mass ratio of 5:2:

1.

3. The method for cultivating and managing young Zelkova serrata scion orchards according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for step 5 are as follows: 5.1 Water Management: Water once a week for the first month after transplanting; during the growing season, water according to soil moisture, replenish water in time when dry, and drain water in time during the rainy season; water thoroughly once 10-15 days before harvesting; after leaf fall in winter, water once to protect the root system and ensure safe overwintering. 5.2 Fertilizer management: Fertilize 3-5 times a year, namely bud-promoting fertilizer, shoot-promoting fertilizer, post-harvest fertilizer and overwintering fertilizer.

4. The method for cultivating and managing young Zelkova serrata scion orchards according to claim 3, characterized in that, The application time and method of the fertilization management steps for bud-promoting fertilizer, shoot-promoting fertilizer, post-harvest fertilizer, and overwintering fertilizer are as follows: Apply nitrogen fertilizer before spring budding at a rate of 0.3-0.6 kg / plant to promote new shoot growth and bud development. Apply NPK compound fertilizer during the vigorous growth period of new shoots at a rate of 0.4-0.8 kg / plant. Apply post-harvest fertilizer 7-10 days after each harvest, primarily using phosphorus and potassium fertilizer with a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer in a 7:3 ratio, at a rate of 0.3-0.8 kg / plant, to promote the recovery of the mother plant's growth and enhance the tree's resistance. Apply winter fertilizer after leaf fall every 1-2 years, primarily using well-rotted sheep manure and oilseed cake, supplemented with... Add a small amount of compound fertilizer at a ratio of 8:2, using 1500-2500 kg / mu, to reserve nutrients for next year's growth. When fertilizing, use trench or hole application, with a trench depth of 10-20 cm. After application, cover with soil and compact to avoid fertilizer burning the root system. For some mother plants that are 6-8 years old, after coppicing, spray the base with a 3000-5000 times diluted solution of benzylaminopurine and a 5000-10000 times diluted solution of brassinolide in early spring. During the growing season, rotate the spraying of foliar fertilizer on all mother plants in the scion nursery every year, including potassium fertilizer, boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, calcium fertilizer, etc.