A disease-repairing, ploughing, grafting, crop-plant-source, organic-substrate, synergistic, quality-improving and yield-increasing cultivation method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of disease repair cultivated land grafting crop plant source organic matrix synergistic quality improvement and yield increasing cultivation method, belong to cultivated land ecological restoration and crop high-yield cultivation technical field.The present application completely abandons dolomite powder, humus and all mineral conditioning materials, uses tea dregs, sophora flavescens residue, wormwood, rhynchocoris, mint compound pure plant medicine system to replace mineral soil improvement, and full-plant-source organic matrix is prepared by fermentation with the cooperation of agricultural and forestry waste, can independently complete soil acid adjustment, granulation repair, bacteriostatic root protection, water and fertilizer conservation;Combined with grafting seedling pretreatment, nationwide five major agricultural regions twenty-four solar terms subzone precision management and protection, crop directional domestication and green manure crop rotation solid ground technology, activate crop root activity from the root, guarantee root system development, seedling stage is robust, flower and fruit stability, fruit seed is full, realize grain and oil crop yield increase 20%-30%, fruit and vegetable quality improvement and yield increase greatly.The raw material of the present application is locally available, low in price, affordable for farmers, easy to operate, green and pollution-free, solves the industry problems of high cost of traditional cultivation soil improvement, weak root system, poor fruit shape and unstable yield increase, and is suitable for large-scale green high-yield planting of various disease repair cultivated land in the country.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the interdisciplinary field of ecological restoration of damaged arable land, resource utilization of agricultural and forestry solid waste, and high-quality and high-yield cultivation technology for crops. Specifically, it involves a process for managing grafted seedlings in disease-damaged arable land using a completely plant-based medicine to replace mineral conditioning, with zero mineral addition, low cost, strong root promotion, and stable yield increase, as well as a 24-solar-season zoned cultivation technique. This invention completely abandons traditional mineral soil improvement materials, relying on a pure natural plant-based medicine system to achieve soil improvement, root activation, air regulation, fruit preservation, and yield increase. It can stably achieve well-developed crop root systems, strong stems, full and high-quality fruits, and stable yield increases of 20%–30% for grain and oil crops. It is suitable for standardized green planting of various grains, oils, fruits, vegetables, and fruit trees in open fields and greenhouses nationwide. Background Technology

[0002] In my country, cultivated land that has been continuously cropped or has undergone disease restoration generally suffers from problems such as soil acidification, fragmented soil aggregates, poor aeration, and microbial imbalance. These problems can easily lead to shallow root systems, fewer fibrous roots, weak root activity, stunted seedlings, premature aging in the middle and late stages, and consequently, flower and fruit drop, small fruit size, empty shells and shriveled grains, unstable yield, and poor quality.

[0003] Traditional improved cultivation techniques have significant drawbacks: 1. Traditional methods rely on mineral raw materials such as dolomite powder and humus to improve soil, which has high procurement costs, limited material availability, and a heavy burden on farmers. Moreover, mineral soil improvement has no root-promoting, antibacterial, or fruit-preserving functions, and the yield-increasing effect is weak and unstable. 2. Conventional organic fertilizers only provide simple fertilization and cannot improve acidified and compacted soils, nor can they continuously stimulate root growth. As a result, crop roots are sparse and weak, resulting in poor growth, weak resistance to adverse conditions, and limited yield improvement. 3. Existing technologies lack systematic rhizosphere air regulation and precise seasonal management, resulting in imbalances in soil moisture and air environment, recurring diseases, depletion of crop growth, and difficulty in achieving stable yield increases. 4. Most high-yield solutions on the market rely on chemical fertilizers, hormones, and expensive agricultural inputs, resulting in high planting costs, poor quality of agricultural products, and increased production without increased income, failing to achieve affordable and low-cost stable production increases for farmers.

[0004] In summary, the industry currently lacks a complete set of cultivation technology systems that are purely plant-based, free of minerals, ultra-low in cost, promote strong root growth, ensure full fruit production, and achieve stable yield increases of 20%–30%. This is the core technological weakness in the current green and high-yield agricultural planting industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as high soil improvement costs, weak root growth, unripe fruit, unstable yield increases, and large investment by farmers, this invention provides a cultivation method for synergistic quality improvement and yield increase of grafted crops onto disease-repaired arable land using plant-derived organic substrates.

[0006] The core innovative objective of this invention is: Completely eliminating all mineral conditioning ingredients, it relies 100% on compound plant medicines to achieve soil acidification, aggregate improvement, antibacterial and fertilizer retention, and root and seedling promotion; creating an ultra-low-cost, locally sourced, and affordable planting system for farmers; activating root activity from the root, ensuring well-developed root systems throughout the entire process, promoting dry matter accumulation, locking in plump fruits and seeds, and steadily achieving a 20%-30% increase in grain and oil crop yields, and a significant increase in the yield and quality of fruits and vegetables, suitable for use by ordinary farmers nationwide.

[0007] Pre-treatment of remediation sites: Clean up diseased and damaged plant debris in the field, plow to a depth of 25-35cm, apply 1200-2000kg of pure plant-derived decomposed substrate per acre, and rotary tillage to mix it evenly to form a highly permeable rhizosphere improvement layer with a porosity of 35%-50%, ensuring aerobic respiration of the roots, continuous root development, and strong seedlings with deep roots.

[0008] The substrate formula is a two-component, pure plant-based system with no added minerals. 70%–85% of agricultural and forestry organic waste consists of locally sourced materials such as straw, fruit pomace, oilseed cake, and branches, which are used to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 20:1–30:1 and provide long-lasting organic matter. Plant-derived functional antibacterial and soil-improving components: 13%–28% of tea seed cake, sophora flavescens residue, mugwort, polygonum hydropiper, and mint compound herbal medicines.

[0009] Compound herbal medicine has five core effects: 1. Neutralizes soil acidification, repairs compaction, and reshapes soil aggregate structure; 2. Provides long-lasting inhibition of soil-borne pathogens, preventing diseases from damaging plant growth; 3. Stimulates the growth of fibrous roots and the downward extension of the taproot, ensuring a well-developed root system throughout the entire process; 4. Enhance the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity to prevent nutrient deficiency and premature aging; 5. Continuously supply natural active substances to promote fruit expansion and increase fruit size, resulting in plump and non-empty fruits.

[0010] The substrate is fermented in field windrows at 55-65℃ for 25-35 days. No equipment or factory is required, making it extremely low-cost, affordable, and easy to use.

[0011] Pre-treatment of grafted seedlings: Grafting onto disease-resistant rootstocks of the same family and genus, and protecting the grafting interface with plant-based pharmaceutical preparations; root soaking in substrate extract before planting to quickly activate root cells, resulting in explosive growth of fibrous roots, rapid transplant recovery, high survival rate, and well-developed root systems that prevent weak seedlings, laying the foundation for full and increased yields in the later stages.

[0012] Precise management of five major agricultural areas according to the 24 solar terms Based on the phenological differences across different regions of the country, precise seasonal management is implemented: Spring: Continuously apply plant substrate to promote deep root development and build a well-developed root system; Summer: Foliar spraying of herbal medicines helps protect flowers and fruits, strengthens stems to resist lodging, and reduces fruit drop; Autumn: Apply substrate and regulate ventilation to promote dry matter accumulation, lock in fruit and grain plumpness, and stabilize the 20%–30% yield increase. Winter: Green manure rotation nourishes the soil, continuously improving it and ensuring stable yields year after year.

[0013] Targeted domestication of crops in restored land Through 3 to 5 generations of field domestication, the most developed root systems, the strongest resistance, the fullest fruits, and the most stable yield increase of cultivated strains are selected, achieving a fixed yield increase of 20%–30% for grain and oil crops. The effect is replicable and can be stably implemented.

[0014] Crop rotation to improve soil fertility: Rotating grains, oils, fruits, and vegetables, and turning in green manure every two years, along with continuous soil improvement using plant-based medicine substrates, permanently maintains a high-quality rhizosphere growth environment, resulting in strong roots, plump fruits, and stable yield increases every year.

[0015] 1. Extremely well-developed root system: The pure plant medicine system continuously stimulates root differentiation, resulting in deep taproots and dense fibrous roots, increasing root biomass by 80%–110%, completely solving the problems of weak roots, stunted seedlings, and premature aging, and ensuring robust seedling growth year-round. 2. Plump and not shriveled fruit: Sufficient dry matter accumulation throughout the process results in uniform fruit shape, enhanced sweetness, and plump seeds, eliminating problems such as flower and fruit drop, shriveled seeds, and small fruit, thus greatly improving marketability; 3. Stable and controllable yield increase: Grain and oil crops achieve a stable yield increase of 20%–30%, and grafted fruits and vegetables achieve a yield increase of 35%–60%. The yield increase effect is real, stable, and repeatable. 4. Extremely low cost and affordable for farmers: Completely eliminates expensive mineral raw materials, all raw materials are sourced locally in the fields, eliminating the need to purchase expensive agricultural inputs from outside, reducing the overall planting cost by 15%-30%, truly achieving low price, affordable use, and increased production and income; 5. Long-term soil improvement without degradation: Herbal medicine continuously adjusts soil acidity, improves soil quality, inhibits bacteria and protects the land, making the soil more fertile with each planting, and preventing disease rebound and soil fertility decline; 6. Green and pollution-free: Zero minerals, less chemical fertilizers, and less pesticides, resulting in a significant improvement in the quality of agricultural products, meeting the standards for pollution-free agricultural products; 7. Nationwide applicability and zero barriers to implementation: Compatible with five major agricultural regions, all main crops, and field facilities, allowing ordinary farmers to operate easily and achieve stable yield increases. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Example 1: Facility-grafted tomato cultivation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Substrate composition: 78% rice straw, 22% compound herbal medicine components, no mineral additives, fermented at 60℃ for 30 days.

[0017] Seasonal management: Spring Equinox for seedling raising, Summer Solstice for transplanting, Summer Solstice for medicinal plant cultivation to protect flowers and strengthen stems, Autumn Solstice for fruit expansion and substrate replenishment, and Plum Rain season for ventilation and humidity control.

[0018] Actual results: 8620 kg / mu, an increase of 39%; dense and well-developed root system with no weak seedlings; uniform and plump fruits with soluble solids increased by 1.1 degrees; extremely low disease incidence, and a 26% reduction in cost per mu.

[0019] Example 2: Grafting of Watermelons in Sandy Fields in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain Matrix composition: 82% peanut straw, 18% plant-based medicinal components, naturally fermented in the field, zero mineral raw materials.

[0020] Actual results: 4150 kg / mu, an increase of 97.6%; plump and well-shaped melons with a sugar content increase of 1.3 degrees; strong stems with no lodging, and significantly reduced planting costs.

[0021] Example 3: Cultivation of Japonica Rice in Cold Regions of Northeast China Substrate ratio: 80% rice husk straw, 20% plant medicine components, suitable for soil improvement and root promotion in acidified paddy fields in cold regions.

[0022] Actual results: 642 kg / mu, with a stable yield increase of over 25%; well-developed root system, sufficient tillering, plump grains, and extremely low empty shell rate; thick stem walls resist lodging, early maturity, and extremely stable yield.

[0023] Comparative Example (Traditional Mineral + Conventional Organic Fertilizer Model) Traditional methods rely on mineral conditioners and expensive commercial fertilizers, resulting in weak root growth, excessive flower and fruit drop, empty grains, small fruits, more diseases, and low yields. The overall cost is 15%–25% higher, and the yield increase is weak and unstable.

[0024] Comparative studies have confirmed that the technical advantages of this invention—pure plant medicine replacing minerals, promoting strong root growth, ensuring plumpness, steadily increasing yield by 20%–30%, and being low-cost and affordable—are extremely significant, demonstrating outstanding creativity and practicality.

Claims

1. A method for synergistically improving quality and increasing yield of grafted crops onto disease-damaged farmland using plant-derived organic substrates, characterized in that... This includes the following steps performed sequentially: S1 Site Pretreatment: For farmland that has undergone soil-borne disease control, deep plow to a depth of 25-35 cm, apply 1200-2000 kg of well-rotted plant-derived organic substrate per acre, and rotary tillage to a depth of 15-20 cm to mix the substrate with the topsoil, forming a loose, well-aerated rhizosphere improvement layer that promotes root development, strong seedlings, and increased fruit yield. The plant-derived organic substrate, by dry weight percentage, consists of 70%-85% agricultural and forestry organic waste and 13%-28% plant-derived functional antibacterial and soil-improving components, prepared by fermentation in windrows at 55-65℃ for 25-35 days. The plant-derived functional antibacterial components completely replace traditional mineral conditioners, possessing five major functions: strong antibacterial and insecticidal effects, soil pH neutralization, aggregate structure remodeling, water and fertilizer retention, and continuous root promotion. No mineral raw materials are added throughout the process, resulting in low cost, stable effects, and ensuring well-developed crop roots, vigorous growth, full fruit, and stable and increased yields. S2 Grafted seedling pretreatment: Select disease-resistant rootstock scions of the same family and genus as the cultivated crop, and treat the grafting interface with plant-derived antibacterial agents; before planting the seedlings, soak the roots in a substrate leachate diluted 50 to 100 times for 5 to 10 minutes to quickly stimulate root activity, promote the growth of fibrous roots, and ensure rapid transplant survival, well-developed root system and no premature aging. S3 Regional Seasonal Management: Based on the phenological characteristics of five major regions—Northeast cold region, Huang-Huai-Hai dryland region, Yangtze River mid-lower reaches rice-vegetable rotation region, South China double-cropping hotland region, and Southwest plateau three-dimensional agricultural region—seedling raising, transplanting, topdressing, foliar management, and harvesting are completed in stages according to the twenty-four solar terms. Spring solar terms promote strong roots and seedlings and ensure well-developed root systems; summer solar terms promote flowering and fruit preservation, strengthen stems and prevent lodging; autumn solar terms promote fruit expansion and weight gain, ensure full fruit and lock in increased yield; and winter solar terms use green manure to nourish the soil and maintain stable yield. S4 Targeted domestication of crops in remediated land: Select publicly available main crop varieties and continuously plant them in disease-remediated cultivated land for 3 to 5 generations using this method; for each generation, select suitable cultivation lines with well-developed root systems, strong resistance, and stable yield increase of 20%–30% based on the core screening indicators of root vigor, soil-borne disease incidence, stem mechanical strength, yield per unit area, and fruit flavor fullness. S5 Crop Rotation Soil Fertility Consolidation: Establish an annual seasonal crop rotation system for grain and oil crops and grafted fruit and vegetable crops. Plant one season of green manure every two years. The green manure is turned back into the field during the peak flowering period of Grain Rain or Autumn Equinox. In conjunction with pure plant-derived substrates, it continuously improves the soil, stabilizes the root growth environment, and inhibits the resurgence of pathogens, so as to achieve well-developed root systems, full fruits, and continuous stable and increased yields every year.

2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The agricultural and forestry organic waste is selected from one or more of the following: crop straw, rapeseed cake, fruit and vegetable residue, and fruit tree pruning branches. The raw materials are crushed to a particle size of 1-2 cm, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to 20:1-30:1 before fermentation. The plant-derived functional antibacterial and soil-improving components are a compound of dried and crushed tea seed cake, sophora flavescens residue, artemisia argyi, and peppermint, which completely replaces all mineral conditioning raw materials such as dolomite powder and humus. The compound plant medicine system can effectively neutralize acidified soil, reconstruct soil aggregates, retain water and fertilizer for a long time, stimulate root differentiation, and inhibit soil-borne diseases. It ensures from the root that crops have dense and developed root systems, thick stems, large and full fruits, no empty shells, and no flower and fruit drop, and can stably achieve a 20%-30% increase in the yield of grain and oil crops and a significant increase in the yield and quality of fruits and vegetables. All raw materials can be obtained locally in the field, without the need to purchase expensive agricultural materials. Fermentation is completed in open fields without the need for special fermentation equipment, making it affordable and burden-free for farmers.

3. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Solanaceous crops should use disease-resistant rootstocks from the Solanaceae family, cucurbit crops should use disease-resistant rootstocks from the Cucurbitaceae family, and citrus trees should use disease-resistant rootstocks from the Rutaceae family. Grain and oil crops should be grafted and transplanted onto disease-resistant rootstocks from the same family, or directly planted with high-yield and stable-product lines that have been domesticated through the S4 process. This will be suitable for all types of crops across the country and will uniformly achieve the effects of well-developed root systems, full fruit shape, and stable and increased yield.

4. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that... The following are the procedures for topdressing and foliar management during the solar terms: From Jingzhe to Guyu, apply a thin layer of plant-derived organic substrate to the field every 15 days to continuously stimulate deep root growth and fibrous root proliferation, ensuring extremely developed root systems and uniform, strong seedlings during the seedling stage; From Xiaoman to Dashu, spray the entire field with a plant extract diluted 800-1000 times to protect flowers and fruits, reduce fruit drop, thicken stems, and enhance stress resistance; From Liqiu to Shuangjiang, supplement the ground surface with a thin layer of substrate to continuously supply nutrients for fruit expansion, promote dry matter accumulation, lock in fruit fullness, increase sweetness and single fruit weight, and stably achieve yield targets; Summer management should be coordinated with field ventilation control to reduce canopy air humidity, reduce disease consumption of growth, and ensure that yield increases are not compromised.

5. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porosity of the rhizosphere improvement layer is 35% to 50%, which can precisely regulate the oxygen content of the rhizosphere air, continuously promote aerobic respiration of the roots, eliminate problems such as root rot, weak roots, and stunted seedlings, and permanently ensure the development and activity of the root system, providing a core foundation for the crop's overall growth, fruit expansion, and increased yield.

6. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The green manure can be any one of milkvetch, hairy vetch, or rapeseed. It is a low-cost soil conditioner that improves the soil, maintains a high-quality rhizosphere environment, and ensures stable root growth, full root development, and increased yield year after year.

7. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: This method is applicable to both field and greenhouse cultivation scenarios, and is suitable for grain and oil crops, melons and vegetables, citrus, and kiwifruit trees. It is applicable to disease-repaired farmland in the five major agricultural climate zones of China. The operation is standardized, the raw materials are extremely inexpensive, and there are no barriers to implementation. Ordinary farmers can reliably achieve planting results with well-developed root systems, full fruits, and stable yield increases of 20%–30%.