Layered moisture control method and device for Chinese medicinal material seedling raising

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of layered moisture control traditional Chinese medicinal materials seedling raising method and device, belong to traditional Chinese medicinal materials seedling raising technical field, using the depth of each independent substrate area in seedbed is flexibly adjusted, reach the cultivation requirement of corresponding medicinal materials, and each area is independently watered;Three substrate areas are separated by two detachable water-permeable partitions in the inside of seedbed;It has the surface layer spraying unit of corresponding surface layer emergence and moisture retention area, and interval type drip pipe group with drip hole is arranged at the bottom of water-permeable partition;The inside wall of seedbed is provided with vertically movable Π type lifting frame, the bottom of its inside plate is provided with L type bearing platform, and water-permeable partition is set on bearing platform and is single-sidedly hinged;Lifting frame is driven to lift by outside driving element, and the top of seedbed side wall is provided with supporting lead screw, which is positioned after being lifted by lifting frame, realize layered moisture control of seedbed substrate and flexible adjustment of partition, adapt to the humidity control requirement of traditional Chinese medicinal materials seedling raising.The present application can flexibly adjust the depth of each substrate area and carry out targeted water supply and moisture retention based on corresponding depth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Chinese medicinal herb seedling technology, specifically to a method and apparatus for stratified humidity control in Chinese medicinal herb seedling cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] Seedling cultivation is a core and fundamental step in the standardized planting of Chinese medicinal herbs. The growth, stress resistance, and root development quality of the seedlings directly determine the yield, quality, and planting stability of the herbs in the later stages. Currently, most Chinese medicinal herb seedling cultivation in China adopts extensive cultivation methods such as traditional field seedling cultivation and single-layer substrate seedling tray cultivation. The overall seedling cultivation technology has a low degree of standardization and poor targeting, making it difficult to adapt to the differentiated growth needs of Chinese medicinal herbs in the stages of seed germination, root growth, and seedling hardening. This results in many technical defects and industry pain points in actual production.

[0003] Traditional seedling cultivation methods often employ a single homogeneous substrate, which cannot match the differentiated substrate structure and physicochemical properties according to the growth needs of different seedling levels. Because of the use of homogeneous substrates, the following problems arise: the surface substrate is prone to compaction, cracking, and insufficient water retention, resulting in insufficient water absorption by seeds, uneven germination, and wilting of tender seedling stems due to water shortage. It can also cause substrate lumps to abrade the tender seedling stems. The middle layer substrate has unreasonable porosity and organic matter content, and an unbalanced water-air ratio, making it difficult to support the elongation of the taproot and the differentiation and growth of fibrous roots in medicinal herb seedlings, easily leading to sparse root development and weak growth. The bottom layer substrate lacks drainage, fertilizer retention, and aeration, and water cannot drain quickly, easily causing root rot, root decay, and root necrosis due to oxygen deficiency. Simultaneously, nutrient loss is severe, resulting in low water and fertilizer utilization rates and significantly reducing seedling survival rate and vigor.

[0004] While some layered substrate cultivation methods have emerged in existing technologies, they are merely limited to constructing layered substrates. Regarding moisture retention, current seedling cultivation techniques generally employ a uniform irrigation and humidity control method. Although the seedling substrate physically achieves layering, it cannot achieve precise, phased humidity control. It still relies on single-location watering, depending on water infiltration or capillary action to regulate the humidity of the entire substrate, lacking targeted and rapid humidity control. Furthermore, the entire seedling cultivation cycle of Chinese medicinal herbs generally includes three core stages: seed germination, seedling rooting, and hardening-off. The requirements for substrate humidity and ventilation vary greatly at each stage. Under traditional uniform humidity control, it is difficult to accurately replenish water and moisturize the seedlings. This can lead to problems such as waterlogging and rotting at the bottom layer during seed germination, resulting in seed rot and seed decay. During the seedling rooting stage, excessive surface humidity can cause excessive growth and rotting of tender stems, while unstable humidity in the middle root system makes it impossible to maintain an efficient root growth environment. During the seedling strengthening stage, it is impossible to accurately reduce humidity and ventilate the seedlings layer by layer. Seedlings are in a delicate environment of high humidity and constant temperature for a long time, which can easily lead to problems such as weak stems, thin leaves, excessive growth, and poor stress resistance. After transplanting, the survival rate is low and the adaptability is weak, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale and standardized planting.

[0005] Furthermore, the limitations of the above-mentioned seedling cultivation methods are reflected in the structure of existing seedling cultivation equipment. The seedbed structure is simple and fixed, resulting in an unadjustable thickness of the seedling substrate layer, extremely poor versatility, and an inability to adapt to the root growth space requirements of different Chinese medicinal herb varieties and different seedling growth stages. The rapid reuse rate of seedling cultivation equipment is low, and its adaptability to seedling cultivation is poor. Moreover, similar to existing Chinese medicinal herb cultivation methods, conventional seedling cultivation equipment cannot achieve independent humidity monitoring and precise watering of each substrate layer. The watering method is singular, which easily leads to substrate erosion and compaction, uneven local moisture levels, and humidity imbalance. This further exacerbates industry problems such as uneven seedling growth, seed quality degeneration, and frequent pest and disease outbreaks, seriously restricting the standardized, efficient, and large-scale development of Chinese medicinal herb seedling cultivation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for cultivating Chinese medicinal herbs with layered humidity control, so as to solve the problem that the substrate in the prior art cannot be flexibly adjusted in layers based on specific medicinal herbs or the corresponding growth stage during transplanting, especially the problem that each layer of substrate cannot be replenished with water and moisture relatively independently, directly and quickly, resulting in a lag in moisture regulation.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A method for cultivating medicinal herbs with layered moisture control includes the following steps: S1. The seedbed has three vertically arranged substrate zones with adjustable thickness from top to bottom: a surface seedling moisturizing zone, a middle root moisture-controlled growth zone, and a bottom drainage and fertilizer-retaining zone. The surface seedling moisturizing zone uses a loose, fine, water-retaining, and breathable lightweight substrate, suitable for seed germination and seedling stem growth; the middle root moisture-controlled growth zone uses a loose, fertile, and well-balanced composite substrate, suitable for root differentiation, elongation, and fibrous root growth; the bottom drainage and fertilizer-retaining zone uses a high-porosity, high-quality substrate. The permeable and fertilizer-retaining granular substrate enables rapid drainage, nutrient retention, and air permeability; S2, select healthy and plump high-quality Chinese medicinal herbs, perform sterilization and germination pretreatment to break seed dormancy, and evenly sow the treated seeds in the seedling bed surface germination and moisture-retaining zone to complete the sowing and covering operation; S3, collect the humidity status of each substrate layer in real time, and combine the growth characteristics of different growth stages of Chinese medicinal herb seedlings to independently replenish and dehumidify the surface, middle and bottom layers of the substrate to maintain the humidity of each substrate layer in a state suitable for growth.

[0008] Furthermore, the stratified humidity control management method during seedling cultivation is as follows: Seed germination stage: The surface spray unit of the seedbed is used to maintain the surface substrate moisture to ensure that the seeds absorb water and germinate. At the same time, the humidity of the middle and bottom layers is strictly controlled through the bottom drainage structure to prevent the bottom layer from becoming damp and rotting. Seedling rooting stage: The surface spray unit is turned off to avoid excessive watering. The humidity of the root growth zone is stabilized by the middle layer humidification unit to maintain the water-air balance in the middle layer. At the same time, the bottom drainage structure is used to continuously drain excess water to prevent water accumulation and root rot. Seedling strengthening stage: The bottom drainage structure of the seedbed is used to gradually reduce the humidity of each layer of substrate to reduce the impact of high humidity environment, strengthen the seedling shape, prevent seedling etiolation, and cultivate strong seedlings.

[0009] Furthermore, while controlling humidity in layers, the air circulation environment inside the seedling bed is balanced to achieve coordinated regulation of humidity and breathability; the side wall of the seedling bed is also provided with several ventilation holes, and the ventilation hole cups are vertically slidably installed on the gate cover of the side wall of the seedling bed. The gate is provided with round holes. When the gate moves to different positions, the alignment degree between the round holes and the ventilation holes is different, so as to achieve ventilation adjustment.

[0010] This invention also proposes a layered humidity-controlled seedling cultivation device for Chinese medicinal herbs, including a seedling bed, which is an integrally enclosed trough structure. The seedling bed's interior is functionally separated into three substrate zones by two detachable permeable partitions. It also includes a layered water replenishment component, comprising a surface spray unit and drip pipe assemblies respectively installed at the bottom of the two permeable partitions. The surface spray unit is mounted on the top of the seedling bed, directly facing the surface seedling moisturizing zone. The drip pipe assembly includes several parallel drip pipes fixed to the bottom of the permeable partitions, with several drip holes along their length on the lower side of each pipe. Several vertically movable lifting frames are installed on the two opposite inner walls of the seedling bed. Each lifting frame includes an inner hanging plate and an outer hanging plate respectively attached to the inner and outer walls of the seedling bed. The hanging plate and the two scrapers protruding from the top of the seedling bed are connected as one piece, so that the main body of the lifting frame has a Π-shaped structure. The bottom two opposite sides of the inner hanging plate each have an L-shaped support. The two opposite edges of each side of the permeable baffle are respectively located on a set of support, and one side of the permeable baffle is also hinged to the corresponding support, so that the permeable baffle can be flipped upward to stand vertically on the support, and when flipped downward, the two sides of the permeable baffle are respectively located at the bottom of the two opposite inner scrapers to maintain a horizontal posture. The two outer hanging plates are connected by a driving element located on the outside of the seedling bed to realize the vertical movement of the lifting frame. Each Π-shaped structure has a support screw installed at the top of the side wall of the seedling pool, so that after the lifting frame is raised to the position, the support screw can be unscrewed to support the lifting frame.

[0011] Furthermore, each permeable baffle has an external mounting plate consisting of a pair of symmetrically arranged L-shaped connecting plates. The two horizontal segments of each pair of connecting plates face each other, and one end of each pair has a perforation perpendicular to the plate surface. A stud is installed in the perforation, with the threaded end of the stud protruding beyond the horizontal segment, and the other end vertically and integrally connected to a slider. The driving element includes a vertical pushing component and a pair of guide rails located on both sides of the vertical pushing component. The slider can only slide vertically relative to the guide rails and does not detach. When the locking nut on the stud is tightened, the guide rails and the connecting plates are fixed together, so that the corresponding lifting frame can be driven to move vertically by the vertical pushing component.

[0012] Furthermore, the vertical pushing component includes connecting forks fixedly connected to the sides of the guide rail plate, a threaded cylinder located between the two connecting forks and fixedly connected thereto, and a threaded rod threadedly engaged with the threaded cylinder. The two ends of the threaded rod are rotatably mounted in bearing seats on the outer wall of the seedling bed. The threaded rod is connected to a drive motor. The guide rail plate is slidably engaged with the outer wall of the seedling bed so that when the threaded rod rotates, the guide rail plate moves along with the lifting frame that is fixed thereto.

[0013] Furthermore, in the two pairs of mounting plates on the same side, the two vertical plate segments of one pair of mounting plates are located below the horizontal plate segments of the other pair of mounting plates, and the horizontal plate segments of both pairs of mounting plates are coplanar.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom of the inner panel has a rectangular groove, one side of which is completely open to form the support platform; the drip pipe at the bottom of each permeable baffle is connected to a water inlet pipe, and the inlet pipe is rotatably installed in the side wall of the rectangular groove, which is exposed on the side of the permeable baffle located in the support platform, and is dynamically and rotatably connected to a socket pipe section embedded in the side wall, which is connected to a water supply pipe for conveying water.

[0015] Furthermore, the water supply pipe is vertically fixed to one side of the seedling pond and is fixed and connected to the socket pipe section; the water supply pipe has two water passage areas with several water passage holes arranged in a ring on the pipe wall, and each end of the water passage area is provided with a ring of limiting protrusions arranged in a ring; the socket pipe section is also integrally connected to a vertically arranged sleeve section, the two ends of the sleeve section vertically penetrating the side wall of the rectangular groove, and each has an annular stop ring extending towards the center, the hole wall of the stop ring is fixed with a sealing ring, the sealing ring is sleeved on the water supply pipe to form a dynamic seal, the stop ring contacts the limiting protrusion to restrict the sliding stroke of the sleeve section relative to the water supply pipe, and the sliding stroke is not less than the thickness value to be adjusted for the corresponding substrate area.

[0016] Furthermore, a water-soaking pad is laid flat and fixed on the permeable partition. The part of the water-soaking pad facing the permeable holes on the permeable partition can be squeezed out of the permeable holes so as to contact the substrate layer below and form a capillary water absorption effect, transporting water upward. The side wall of the seedling bed is also provided with two covers at intervals. The covers close the feeding port. After the covers are removed, the substrate of the corresponding substrate layer can be dug out or added through the feeding port to adapt to the latest depth of each substrate layer after the permeable partition is adjusted.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This method and device for cultivating medicinal herbs with layered and adjustable humidity control utilizes a layered substrate with adjustable layer thickness, phased and layered humidity control, and synergistic humidity and air regulation. Compared to traditional seedling cultivation techniques, it possesses multiple significant technical advantages and beneficial industrial effects, as detailed below: 1. Layered and differentiated substrate ratios precisely match the growth needs of seedlings at different levels, significantly improving seedling quality. This invention features a three-layered, functionally differentiated substrate zone. The substrate components, particle size, porosity, and physicochemical properties of each layer are precisely matched to the different seedling growth needs. The surface seedling moisturizing zone uses a lightweight, loose composite substrate of peat moss, fine vermiculite, and well-rotted coconut coir. The uniform and fine particle size ensures water retention, breathability, and the absence of hard lumps, effectively protecting the tender stems of seedlings and preventing wear, wilting due to water shortage, and ensuring uniform seed water absorption and uniform germination. The middle root moisture-controlled growth zone uses a composite substrate with high organic matter and suitable porosity. The balanced water and air supply, loose and fertile, provides an excellent growth environment for the elongation of the taproot and the differentiation of numerous fibrous roots, completely solving the problems of weak root development and sparse fibrous roots in traditional seedling cultivation. The bottom drainage and fertilizer-retaining zone uses a large-pore granular substrate with excellent water permeability, fertilizer retention, and aeration. It can quickly drain excess water, preventing waterlogging and root rot, while efficiently locking in nutrients, reducing water and fertilizer loss, and continuously supplying nutrition for seedling growth, comprehensively improving seedling robustness from the substrate foundation level.

[0018] 2. Precise humidity control in stages and layers to prevent seedling diseases and adapt to the entire growth cycle. This invention implements layered and phased refined humidity control management based on the differentiated needs of the three growth stages: seed germination, seedling rooting, and seedling hardening. During seed germination, only surface misting is activated to maintain a high-humidity germination environment, while the bottom drainage system is fully open to prevent bottom dampness and seed rot, completely solving the problems of seed rot and suffocation, and ensuring a high germination rate. During seedling rooting, surface watering is turned off, and precise mid-layer drip irrigation is used to maintain a balanced humidity in the root growth zone, preventing excessive stem growth and rot, while simultaneously draining excess water to prevent root rot and root hypoxia. During seedling hardening, humidity is gradually reduced and ventilation is applied in stages to break the high-humidity, delicate environment, achieving stress-resistant hardening, effectively inhibiting excessive plant growth, dwarfing the plant, thickening the stems, developing the root system, and cultivating high-quality seedlings with regular shape and robust growth. Meanwhile, each layer is independently equipped with high-precision humidity sensors, enabling independent and precise monitoring and control of humidity across the three layers without interference, thus completely solving the technical drawbacks of traditional overall humidity control, such as uneven humidity distribution and crude control.

[0019] 3. Dynamic regulation of humidity and wind balances the seedling environment and enhances seedling resistance. In addition, this invention achieves precise and coordinated control of humidity and air permeability throughout the entire seedling cultivation process through the dynamic combination of a sealed top cover and an adjustable sidewall ventilation structure in a closed seedling bed. During the germination stage, the sealed bed maintains moisture and provides minimal ventilation, reducing water loss while preventing oxygen deficiency. During the rooting stage, the partially open ventilation holes achieve a balance between stable humidity and air circulation, preventing root suffocation and oxygen deficiency. During the seedling strengthening stage, maximum ventilation is maximized to quickly remove excess moisture, meeting the needs of tiered dehumidification. This solves the problems of insufficient ventilation, moisture imbalance, and delayed environmental control caused by traditional single-mode humidity control in seedling cultivation, continuously optimizing the seedling microenvironment, significantly improving seedling resistance and environmental adaptability, and greatly increasing seedling transplant survival rate.

[0020] 4. The substrate layer thickness is adjustable, making it highly versatile and allowing for high equipment reuse, thus reducing seedling costs. This invention features a specially designed seedling raising device with a detachable and liftable permeable baffle structure. Combined with a precisely adjustable drive assembly and lifting frame, the thickness and depth of the three-layer substrate zone can be flexibly adjusted. This adapts to the seedling needs of different varieties of Chinese medicinal herbs and matches the root space requirements of seedlings at different growth stages, demonstrating exceptional adaptability and versatility. Furthermore, the seedling bed can be quickly replenished, replaced, and its layers adjusted via a side feeding port without requiring replacement of the seedling raising equipment. This significantly improves equipment reuse rate, reduces investment in seedling equipment and production costs, and meets the needs of large-scale, standardized seedling production of Chinese medicinal herbs.

[0021] 5. Refined water replenishment and auxiliary moisture-distribution structure ensure seedling uniformity and improve the consistency of seedling quality. This invention employs a layered watering model with surface atomized spraying and precise drip irrigation in the middle and bottom layers. Atomized watering avoids substrate erosion and problems of compaction and cracking, while drip irrigation provides micro-volume, uniform, and highly targeted watering. Simultaneously, a capillary water absorption auxiliary structure is added, enabling water to penetrate evenly across layers through the capillary action of the immersion pad. This absorbs and slowly releases moisture, effectively solving the problem of uneven moisture distribution in the substrate, such as localized water accumulation or drought. It ensures continuous and stable humidity in each substrate layer, resulting in uniform seedling growth and consistent quality. This completely improves upon the problems of uneven seedling size and growth in traditional seedling cultivation, effectively avoiding the risks of seed degeneration and frequent pest and disease outbreaks, laying a solid foundation for high-quality and high-yield medicinal herbs.

[0022] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for cultivating medicinal herbs with stratified humidity control according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a layered humidity-controlled seedling cultivation device for Chinese medicinal herbs according to the present invention. Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section on the right side of the seedbed. Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view at point A1; Figure 6 for Figure 5The right view of the fixing structure of the stud, horizontal plate segment, and slider in the middle; Figure 7 This is a diagram showing a connection structure between a slider and a stud. Figure 8 for Figure 2 The diagram on the right shows the seedbed in the image; Figure 9 A bottom view of the partition plate during its rotational installation on the support platform at the bottom of the inner scraper; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged sectional view at point B (Schematic diagram of the rotational connection of the permeable baffle at the foundation via the insertion pipe section). Figure 11 A side view of the lifting frame with the sleeve section installed; Figure 12 for Figure 10 Enlarged view at point B1; Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection structure between the splice section and the water supply pipeline.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Seedling bed; 2. Permeable partition; 3. Drip pipe; 4. Lifting frame; 5. Inner hanging plate 401; 6. Support platform 40101; 7. Outer hanging plate 402; 8. Connecting plate 40201; 9. Vertical plate section 4020101; 10. Horizontal plate section 4020102; 11. Support screw; 22. Guide rail plate; 3. Connecting fork; 4. Threaded cylinder; 5. Threaded rod; 6. Stud; 7. Locking nut; 8. Sliding block; 9. Bearing seat; 10. Water inlet pipe; 11. Insertion pipe section 1401; 12. Sealed bearing; 13. Socket pipe section; 14. Sleeve section; 15. Limiting protrusion; 16. Water supply pipe; 17. Water passage hole 1901; 20. Sealing ring; 21. Cover. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0027] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0028] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides a technical solution: a layered moisture-controlled method for cultivating Chinese medicinal herbs. The specific implementation steps are as follows: First, a layered seedling bed 1 is constructed, that is, three layers of substrate are vertically set inside the seedling bed 1, and the depth (thickness) of each substrate layer can be flexibly adjusted according to the seedling stage or the type of medicinal herb. Specifically, the surface seedling moisturizing zone uses a lightweight substrate made of peat moss, fine vermiculite, and decomposed coconut coir mixed in a volume ratio of 3:2:1. The substrate particle size is controlled at 0.5-2mm, the texture is loose and delicate, water-retaining and breathable, without large hard lumps, which is suitable for seedling emergence and the growth of tender stems of seedlings, and can effectively avoid the wear and tear of tender stems and wilting due to lack of water. The middle root system moisture-controlled growth zone uses a composite substrate made of humus, well-rotted sheep manure, perlite, and river sand in a volume ratio of 4:2:1:1. The substrate has an organic matter content of ≥15% and a porosity maintained at 45%-50%, ensuring balanced water and air circulation, looseness, and fertility, which is suitable for seedling root differentiation, taproot elongation, and the extensive sprouting and growth of fibrous roots. The bottom drainage and fertilizer-retaining zone uses a granular substrate made of expanded clay pebbles (3-8mm in diameter), volcanic rock, and well-rotted organic fertilizer granules in a volume ratio of 5:3:2. The macroporous structure accounts for ≥60%, providing high water permeability, strong fertilizer retention, and high air permeability. It can quickly drain excess water while locking in substrate nutrients and ensuring air circulation at the bottom. Then, select high-quality seeds that are plump, free from insect damage and mold, and have a germination rate of ≥95%. First, soak the seeds in an 800-fold dilution of 50% carbendazim solution for sterilization. After rinsing them with clean water, soak them in 30℃ constant-temperature water for the corresponding time for germination pretreatment. After draining, place them in a 25℃ constant-temperature and humid environment to break seed dormancy. The pretreatment is completed when the seed sprouting rate reaches 80% or more. The treated seeds are then evenly sown in the surface layer of the seedling emergence and moisture-retaining substrate in seedling bed 1. After sowing, cover with the same batch of top layer lightweight substrate to complete the sowing and covering operation. High-precision humidity sensors can also be installed in the three substrate layers of seedling bed 1 to collect humidity data of each substrate layer in real time. Combining the characteristics of different growth stages of seed germination, seedling rooting, and seedling strengthening, a matching water control system can be used to specifically replenish and dehumidify the surface, middle, and bottom substrates to ensure that the humidity of each substrate layer is accurately matched to the seedling growth needs.

[0029] In this embodiment, a layered, moisture-controlled, and phased refined management approach is implemented throughout the entire seedling stage. The specific layered moisture-controlled management method is as follows: During the seed germination stage, the surface spray unit at the top of seedling bed 1 is activated continuously using a misting spray method. For example, it can be sprayed intermittently several times a day at 8:00 AM and 6:00 PM, with each spray lasting 3 minutes and a spray volume of 2L / m². The focus is on maintaining continuous moisture in the surface seedling emergence moisture-retaining zone to ensure that the seeds fully absorb water and germinate quickly. Simultaneously, the bottom drainage structure is fully opened to ensure unobstructed ventilation and drainage in the middle and bottom layers, completely preventing the bottom soil from becoming damp and the seeds from rotting due to waterlogging, thus eliminating problems such as seed rot and seed suffocation. As an example of a specific implementation method, the bottom drainage structure uses a combination of evenly distributed strip drainage channels and detachable drainage filters at the bottom of seedling bed 1. The drainage channels are 8mm wide and spaced 5cm apart, and the filter mesh has a 2mm aperture, allowing water to pass through while preventing the loss of substrate particles. Seedling Rooting Stage: After seedlings germinate and emerge uniformly, immediately close the surface spray unit to stop surface watering, preventing excessive moisture in the surface substrate that could lead to excessive stem elongation and rot. Activate the middle-layer humidification unit, replenishing water as needed through the drip irrigation system at the bottom of the permeable partition 2, stabilizing the humidity in the middle root control growth zone at the required level, maintaining substrate moisture and air balance, and providing a suitable environment for taproot elongation and fibrous root differentiation. Simultaneously, keep the bottom drainage structure of seedling bed 1 continuously open to drain excess water from the middle layer, preventing waterlogging and effectively preventing root rot, root decay, and root hypoxia-induced necrosis. Seedling Strengthening Stage: Simultaneously activate the bottom drainage structure of seedling bed 1 to gradually reduce the humidity of the three substrate layers. In practice, a ventilation structure can be added. Several ventilation holes are opened on the side wall of the seedling bed 1. The area where the ventilation holes are located is covered with a gate plate with round holes. When the gate plate moves horizontally on the side of the seedling bed 1, it can change the alignment of its round holes with the ventilation holes, thereby adjusting the ventilation. When ventilation and dehumidification are not required, all ventilation holes can be completely closed, that is, the round holes and their corresponding ventilation holes are completely staggered. During seedling cultivation, the side ventilation time is increased by, for example, 2 hours per day, gradually reducing the surface humidity, middle humidity, and bottom humidity to the set range. By appropriately reducing the substrate humidity, the delicate environment of high humidity and constant temperature is broken, and the seedlings are hardened off to resist stress, inhibiting the problems of excessive stem growth and weak leaves, effectively dwarfing the plant type, thickening the stems, and developing the root system, ultimately cultivating seedlings with well-developed root systems, robust plant type, and strong stress resistance.

[0030] In this embodiment, the humidity and air permeability of the seedling bed 1 are synergistically regulated throughout the entire process. The specific implementation method is as follows: The seedling bed 1 adopts a closed rectangular trough structure. The top of the trough is equipped with an openable and closable sealed top cover to form a closed structure. Based on the fact that multiple sets of adjustable ventilation holes are evenly distributed on the side wall of the seedling bed 1 as a ventilation structure, the environment is dynamically regulated through the cooperation of the closed structure and the ventilation structure throughout the seedling process. During the high-humidity stage of seed germination, most of the side wall ventilation holes are closed, leaving only a few ventilation holes at the bottom for ventilation. At the same time, the sealed top cover is closed to reduce moisture loss inside the seedbed 1, ensuring a high-humidity germination environment for the surface substrate, while avoiding complete air blockage and oxygen deficiency. During the seedling rooting stage, the opening of the side wall ventilation holes is adjusted to half to maintain slow air circulation inside the bed. Combined with a small amount of water replenishment in the middle layer, a two-way balance between stable humidity and air circulation is achieved to avoid root suffocation and oxygen deficiency. During the seedling hardening stage, all side wall ventilation holes are fully opened, and the sealed top cover is partially opened to maximize the air circulation efficiency inside the seedbed 1. Combined with stratified dehumidification, excess moisture in each substrate layer is quickly removed. Throughout the entire seedling stage, precise stratified humidity control is supplemented by simultaneous and coordinated ventilation operations. This ensures that the humidity of each substrate layer precisely matches the seedling growth requirements while continuously balancing the internal air environment of the seedling bed. It avoids problems such as insufficient ventilation or excessive ventilation leading to a dry-wet imbalance caused by single humidity control, achieving coordinated and precise regulation of humidity and permeability to suit the entire growth cycle of Chinese medicinal herbs.

[0031] This embodiment also provides a layered humidity-controlled seedling device for Chinese medicinal herbs, which can be adapted to the seedling methods for Chinese medicinal herbs in the aforementioned series of embodiments. The specific structure of the layered humidity-controlled seedling device for Chinese medicinal herbs is as follows: its main body is a closed rectangular trough seedling bed 1, as shown in the figure. Figures 2-3The seedling bed 1 is vertically divided into three substrate zones by two removable, rigid, permeable partitions 2. These zones correspond to a surface seedling moisturizing zone, a middle root moisture-controlled growth zone, and a bottom drainage and fertilizer-retaining zone. The two permeable partitions 2 can be flexibly removed and vertically moved, allowing for free adjustment of the thickness (depth) of the three substrate zones to accommodate different medicinal herb seedling cultivation or to adapt to the root conditions of seedlings at different growth stages during transplanting. Each of the three substrate zones is independently equipped with a high-precision humidity sensing unit. Several humidity sensors are deployed in each of the surface, middle, and bottom layers. The sensors are independently wired and collect data independently, without interference, enabling real-time and accurate collection of real-time humidity data for each substrate layer, achieving interference-free independent monitoring of humidity in all three layers. Simultaneously, a dedicated layered water replenishment component is provided, comprising a surface spray unit and two sets of drip irrigation pipes. The middle-layer humidification unit in the above embodiment is integrated into the aforementioned layered water replenishment component, specifically achieving drip irrigation through one of the aforementioned sets of drip irrigation pipes. More specifically, the surface spray unit (not shown in the figure) can be several spray and drip irrigation units that can move above the seedling bed 1. When not in use, it can be rotated and moved to one side. Specifically, it can be mounted on the top of the seedling bed 1 with a support that can be moved and rotated, providing full coverage of the surface seedling moisturizing area. In practice, atomizing spray heads are used to achieve fine and uniform water replenishment. The water droplets are small in size and will not wash away the surface substrate, effectively preventing the surface substrate from hardening and cracking. Continue reading Figures 2-3 In this embodiment, the two sets of drip irrigation pipes are respectively installed at the bottom of the two permeable partitions 2. Each set of drip irrigation pipes includes six drip irrigation pipes 3 arranged in parallel at 10cm intervals. The drip irrigation pipes 3 are made of rigid PVC material, and drip holes with a diameter of 0.8mm are evenly opened along the length of the pipes at a spacing of 2cm-5cm, which can achieve micro-precise watering of the middle and bottom layers of substrate. On the two opposite inner side walls of the seedling bed 1, four sets of lifting frames 4 are symmetrically and vertically slidably installed, with each pair of frames corresponding to a permeable partition 2, so that the permeable partition 2 is placed horizontally. In specific manufacturing, as follows... Figure 3 as well as Figure 11The lifting frame 4 is roughly Π-shaped, consisting of an inner hanging plate 401 and an outer hanging plate 402. The inner hanging plate 401 fits against the inner side wall of the seedling bed 1, and the outer hanging plate 402 fits against the outer side wall. The upper and lower ends are integrally connected and protrude from the top of the seedling bed 1. A support screw 5 is specially installed inside the top of the side wall of the seedling bed 1. The support screw 5 is located inside the aforementioned Π-shaped structure to support the Π-shaped structure. After the height of the lifting frame 4 is adjusted to the correct position, the support screw 5 is unscrewed to support the lifting frame 4, avoiding long-term load-bearing by transmission components such as the threaded rod 9 mentioned below. L-shaped supports 40101 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom of the inner hanging plate 401. The permeable baffle 2 has at least two edges that overlap the corresponding supports 40101, or one side of the permeable baffle 2 is entirely placed on the supports 40101 (for example, when the supports 40101 are rectangular grooves mentioned below). Its main purpose is to support the permeable baffle 2. Furthermore, one edge of the permeable partition 2 is hinged to the support platform 40101, allowing the other side of the permeable partition 2 to be flipped upwards to a vertically folded state. This allows the permeable partition 2 to be upright against the side inside the seedling bed 1 during use, facilitating the filling of the corresponding type of substrate onto the partition 2. After filling, the permeable partition 2 is lowered downwards, flipped downwards to maintain a horizontal, flat, and separated state, covering and separating the already filled substrate layers. In addition, the outer hanging plate 402 is connected to a drive element on the outside of the seedling bed 1. Driving the outer hanging plate 402 vertically moves the lifting frame 4 vertically up and down, adjusting the height of the permeable partition 2 and thus precisely adjusting the thickness (depth) of each substrate layer.

[0032] In this embodiment, the two sets of external hanging plates 402 corresponding to the two opposite sides of each permeable partition 2 of the seedling bed 1 are all adopted as follows: Figure 4 , Figure 8 , Figure 11 The diagram shows a pair of symmetrically arranged L-shaped connecting plates 40201. The projection of the connecting plate 40201 onto the side of the seedling bed 1 is a right-angled L-shape, meaning that the connecting plate 40201 includes a vertical plate segment 4020101 and a horizontal plate segment 4020102. The horizontal plate segments 4020102 of each pair of connecting plates 40201 are arranged facing each other. A circular perforation perpendicular to the plate surface is formed at the free end of the horizontal plate segment 4020102, and a stainless steel stud 10 is fixedly installed inside the perforation. Figures 4-6 The threaded end of the stud 10 protrudes outward from the outer side of the horizontal plate segment 4020102, and the other end of the stud 10 is vertically and integrally fixed to a smooth rectangular slider 12. Based on the above structural design, the driving element specifically includes a vertical pushing component and a pair of guide rails 6 arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides. The guide rails 6 are vertically movable by the vertical pushing component, and the slider 12 is slidably installed in the inner groove of the guide rail 6. The groove can be made into a T-shape, and the slider 12 is as follows: Figure 7The slide is also made in a T-shape, allowing it to slide vertically up and down along the guide rail plate 6, ensuring that the slider 12 will not detach from the guide rail plate 6 during sliding. A matching locking nut 11 is screwed onto the threaded end of the stud 10. When the locking nut 11 is fully tightened, the connecting plate 40201 and the guide rail plate 6 are tightly fitted and fixed together, realizing the transmission connection between the lifting frame 4 and the driving element. When the vertical pushing component pushes the guide rail plate 6 to move vertically, the lifting frame 4 corresponding to the tightened locking nut 11 will move vertically, while the lifting frame 4 corresponding to the loose locking nut 11 will not be pushed by the pushing component. In the above design, combined with the specific connection structure between the outer hanging plate 402 and the guide rail plate 6, the vertical driving force provided by the vertical pushing component can accurately drive the guide rail plate 6 and the lifting frame 4 fixed on it to rise and fall vertically as a whole, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the substrate layer thickness. This best adapts to the depth requirements of each substrate layer in seedling cultivation and has great versatility. Not only can the corresponding layer thickness be preset when initially filling the substrate, but it can also directly modify the original seedling bed 1 after the previous seedling cultivation work is completed. Based on the principle that the substrate component requirements are similar, according to the latest seedling cultivation requirements, the cover 21 opened at the center of the depth of each area on the side wall of the seedling bed 1 is opened to expose its closed feeding port. The substrate is directly added or dug out from the feeding port, and then the stirring rod is inserted to mix it evenly to adapt to the depth requirements of each layer of the latest substrate stratification. This can make the most of the existing seedling bed 1.

[0033] In this embodiment, as Figures 3-4 ,as well as Figure 8The vertical pushing component includes a connecting fork 7, a threaded cylinder 8, a threaded rod 9, a drive motor, and a bearing seat 13. The connecting fork 7 has an I-shaped structure and is symmetrically fixedly welded to the same outer side wall of the two guide rail plates 6. The threaded cylinder 8 is fixed in the middle of the two connecting forks 7 and rigidly connected to the connecting forks 7 on both sides to form an integral transmission frame. The threaded rod 9 passes through the threaded cylinder 8 and is precisely threadedly engaged with it. Both ends of the threaded rod 9 are rotatably mounted inside the bearing seat 13 fixed to the outer side wall of the seedling bed 1. The bearing seat 13 has a sealed bearing 15 embedded in it to ensure that the threaded rod 9 rotates smoothly without jamming or deviation. The drive motor (not shown in the figure) is adaptively fixed to a mounting carrier such as a bracket on the outside of the seedling bed 1. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to one end of the threaded rod 9, which can drive the threaded rod 9 to rotate precisely in both forward and reverse directions. In practice, the inner side of the guide rail plate 6 can be selectively fitted to the outer wall of the seedling bed 1, with a wear-resistant sliding coating on the fitting surface, allowing the guide rail plate 6 to form a smooth vertical sliding fit with the outer wall of the seedling bed 1. Alternatively, the vertical plate segment 4020101 of the connecting plate 40201 can be used to achieve the above-mentioned driving action by directly using the vertical sliding fit between the vertical plate segment 40201 and the side wall of the seedling bed 1. In use, the drive motor starts and drives the threaded rod 9 to rotate, which drives the threaded cylinder 8 to move vertically up and down through the threaded transmission, thereby driving the corresponding guide rail plate 6, lifting frame 4, and permeable partition 2 to move vertically synchronously. Specifically, when it is necessary to adjust the thickness of the bottom substrate area, all locking nuts 11 need to be tightened to fix the two permeable plates as one unit, which move vertically with the drive of the threaded rod 9, directly changing the depth of the bottom substrate area. Then, when changing the middle substrate zone, keep the locking nut 11 corresponding to the lower permeable baffle 2 in the loose state and disconnect the transmission connection with the threaded rod 9. At this time, the rotation of the threaded rod 9 will only move the upper permeable baffle 2 upward, thereby achieving the purpose of changing the depth of the middle substrate layer. As for the surface substrate zone, it can be operated directly at the top of the seedling bed 1. In this way, the vertical thickness (depth) of the three substrate zones can be accurately adjusted through a simple structure and operation to meet the substrate thickness adaptation requirements of different seedling stages.

[0034] In this embodiment, the arrangement of the outer mounting plates 402 on the same side is described in detail, such as... Figure 3 , Figure 8The two pairs of hanging plates 402 corresponding to the same outer side wall of the seedling bed 1 adopt a built-in staggered, partially layered arrangement structure. The vertical section 4020101 of the pair of hanging plates 402 corresponding to the lower permeable partition 2 is higher. The partial layering means that the vertical section 4020101 of one pair of hanging plates 402 is entirely below and covered by the horizontal section 4020102 of the other hanging plate 402, thus preventing structural interference during movement. Simultaneously, the horizontal sections 4020102 of the two pairs of hanging plates 402 maintain the same horizontal height and are arranged coplanarly, allowing for easier sharing of a single guide rail plate 6. This staggered arrangement structure effectively saves installation space on the outer side of the seedling bed 1, avoids collisions and interference between multiple sets of lifting frames 4 and drive structures, and ensures that each set of lifting frames 4 can slide vertically and adjust independently without affecting each other, significantly improving the stability and flexibility of the device's operation.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figure 9 , Figure 10 The bottom support 40101 of the inner hanging plate 401 of the lifting frame 4 is a rectangular groove structure. The outer side of the rectangular groove is completely open, directly forming an L-shaped support 40101 structure to support the permeable baffle 2, allowing one side of the permeable baffle 2 to extend into it. All the drip pipes 3 arranged at the bottom of each permeable baffle 2 are connected at their ends or near the ends to a single inlet pipe 14. The end of the inlet pipe 14 is provided with a connector section 1401. The connector section 1401 protrudes from the side of the permeable baffle 2 and is inserted into the side wall of the rectangular groove of the support 40101 to achieve the rotational installation of the permeable baffle 2. In addition, a socket pipe section 16 is embedded and fixedly installed in the inner side wall of the rectangular groove. The connector section 1401 of the inlet pipe 14 is rotatably fitted inside the socket pipe section 16. The two form a dynamic sealing rotational fit structure, which can ensure that the pipeline will not twist or be pulled when the permeable baffle 2 is flipped, raised, or lowered. The other end of the socket pipe section 16 is fixedly connected to the external water supply pipe 19 of the seedling bed 1. The water supply pipe 19 uniformly supplies irrigation water to each group of drip pipes 3 and water inlet pipes 14. At the same time, relying on the dynamic sealing structure, the pipe connection is always sealed without leakage or seepage during the multi-angle adjustment of the permeable baffle 2, ensuring the stability of layered water replenishment.

[0036] In this embodiment, the water supply pipe 19 is vertically fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the seedling bed 1, with its bottom end closed and its top end connected to the water supply equipment. Two water passage zones of corresponding length are provided at intervals along the water supply pipe 19. Water passage holes 1901 are arranged in a circular array on the pipe wall of each water passage zone, with multiple water passage holes 1901 arranged in a single circle. A ring of limiting protrusions 18 is arranged in a circular array at both the upper and lower ends of each water passage zone. A vertically arranged sleeve section 17 is integrally connected to the outside of the socket section 16. The sleeve section 17 vertically penetrates the side wall of the rectangular groove, such as... Figure 13The sleeve section 17 has an integrally formed annular stop ring (not shown) on the inner side of both its upper and lower ends. The stop ring extends towards the center of the pipe, and a rubber sealing ring 20 is fixedly nested in the inner wall of the stop ring. The sealing ring 20 is tightly and slidably fitted onto the outer wall of the water supply pipe 19, forming a dynamic seal structure to effectively prevent water leakage. The sleeve section 17 can slide vertically along the water supply pipe 19. During the sliding process, the stop ring contacts and engages with the limiting protrusion 18, limiting the axial sliding stroke of the sleeve section 17. Within this sliding stroke, the sleeve section 17 remains connected to the water supply pipe to achieve water supply. In specific manufacturing, the above sliding stroke is not less than the maximum thickness value required for adjustment in each substrate area, which can fully meet all the adjustment requirements of the substrate layer thickness during seedling cultivation, ensuring that there is water supply and moisture retention capacity within this thickness area. As an adaptive design, during use, solenoid valves can be installed on each socket section 16 or the water inlet pipe 14 to determine whether the corresponding water inlet pipe 14 is opened, selectively providing moisture-retaining drip water only to one substrate layer.

[0037] In this embodiment, a capillary water absorption auxiliary structure can be added. A high-density water-absorbing pad is laid and fixed on the upper surface of each permeable partition 2. The water-absorbing pad is made of polyester fiber water-absorbing material and can be set to a thickness of 2mm, fully covering all the water-permeable holes of the permeable partition 2. When the water-absorbing pad is squeezed by the substrate, a downward convex structure is generated at the part facing the water-permeable holes of the permeable partition 2. That is, under natural conditions, it can be squeezed downward to the outside of the water-permeable holes and directly and closely contact the substrate of the corresponding substrate area below to generate capillary action. During the seedling watering process, if the lower substrate has water while the adjacent upper layer is short of water, the water in the lower substrate can be transported upward through the capillary action of the water-absorbing pad, realizing uniform water penetration across layers and avoiding uneven local moisture levels in the substrate layer. At the same time, to a certain extent, the water-soaking pad can absorb excess water and slowly release water when the substrate humidity is low, helping each substrate layer to maintain stable humidity, further improving the uniformity of layered humidity control, solving the problems of uneven dry and wet stratification, local water accumulation, and local drought in traditional seedling substrates, and adapting to the uniform water absorption and growth of Chinese medicinal seedlings.

[0038] In the above description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "one side," "the other side," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is conventionally placed during use. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] Furthermore, terms such as "identical" do not imply that components must be absolutely identical; minor differences are permissible. The term "perpendicular" simply means that the positional relationship between components is more perpendicular than "parallel," not that the structure must be perfectly perpendicular; a slight tilt is acceptable.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating medicinal herbs with stratified humidity control, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Seedling bed (1) has three vertically arranged substrate zones with adjustable thickness from top to bottom: the surface seedling moisturizing zone, the middle root moisture control and growth zone, and the bottom drainage and fertilizer retention zone. The surface seedling moisturizing zone uses a loose, fine, water-retaining and breathable lightweight substrate, which is suitable for seed emergence and seedling tender stem growth. The middle root moisture control and growth zone uses a loose, fertile, water-air balanced composite substrate, which is suitable for the differentiation, elongation and fibrous root growth of Chinese medicinal materials. The bottom drainage and fertilizer retention zone uses a granular substrate with large pores, high water permeability and strong fertilizer retention, which can achieve rapid drainage, nutrient lock-in and air permeability. S2. Select healthy and plump high-quality Chinese medicinal herbs, carry out sterilization and germination pretreatment to break the seed dormancy state, and sow the treated seeds evenly in the seedbed (1) surface seedling moist area to complete the sowing and covering operation. S3. Real-time collection of humidity status of each substrate layer, combined with the growth characteristics of different growth stages of Chinese medicinal herb seedlings, to independently replenish water and reduce humidity in the surface, middle and bottom layers of the substrate, maintaining the humidity of each substrate layer in a state suitable for growth.

2. The method for cultivating stratified and moisture-controlled medicinal herb seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stratified humidity control management method during seedling cultivation is as follows: Seed germination stage: The surface spray unit of the seedbed (1) is used to maintain the surface substrate moisture to ensure that the seeds absorb water and germinate. At the same time, the humidity of the middle and bottom layers is strictly controlled through the bottom drainage structure to avoid the bottom layer from becoming damp and rotting. Seedling rooting stage: Turn off the surface spray unit to avoid excessive watering, rely on the middle layer humidification unit to stabilize the humidity of the root growth zone, maintain the water-air balance in the middle layer, and at the same time continuously drain excess water through the bottom drainage structure to prevent waterlogging and root rot. Seedling and seedling stage: Simultaneously utilize the drainage structure at the bottom of the seedbed (1) to gradually reduce the humidity of each layer of substrate, reduce the impact of high humidity environment, train the seedling shape, avoid seedling etiolation, and cultivate strong seedlings.

3. The method for cultivating stratified and moisture-controlled medicinal herb seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that, While controlling humidity in layers, the air circulation environment inside the seedling bed (1) is balanced to achieve coordinated control of humidity and air permeability; the side wall of the seedling bed (1) is also provided with several air holes, and the air hole cups are vertically slidably installed on the gate cover of the side wall of the seedling bed (1). The gate is provided with round holes. When the gate moves to different positions, the round holes and air holes are aligned differently to achieve air permeability adjustment.

4. A layered humidity-controlled seedling cultivation device for Chinese medicinal herbs, characterized in that, Includes the seedling bed (1) as described in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the seedling bed (1) is an integrally enclosed trough structure, and the three-layer substrate area is functionally separated inside the seedling bed (1) by two detachable permeable partitions (2); It also includes a layered water replenishment component, which includes a surface spraying unit and drip pipe groups installed at the bottom of the two permeable partitions (2). The surface spraying unit is mounted on the top of the seedling bed (1) and is set directly in front of the surface seedling moisturizing area. The drip pipe group includes several drip pipes (3) that are fixed at the bottom of the permeable partition (2) and arranged in parallel at intervals. Several drip holes are provided on the lower side of the drip pipes (3) along their length. Several lifting frames (4) are vertically movable on the two opposite inner sidewalls of the seedling bed (1). The lifting frame (4) includes an inner hanging plate (401) and an outer hanging plate (402) respectively set against the inner and outer sidewalls of the seedling bed (1). The parts of the two scrapers protruding from the top of the seedling bed (1) are connected as one piece, so that the main body of the lifting frame (4) has a Π-shaped structure. The bottom two opposite sides of the inner hanging plate (401) each have an L-shaped support (40101). The two opposite edges of each side of the permeable baffle (2) are respectively located on a set of corresponding support (40101), and one side of the permeable baffle (2) is also hinged to the corresponding support (40101), so that the permeable baffle (2) can be flipped upward to stand on the support (40101) in a vertical position. When flipped downward, the two sides of the permeable baffle (2) are respectively located at the bottom of the two opposite inner scrapers to maintain a horizontal posture. The two outer plates (402) are connected by a drive element located outside the seedling bed (1) to realize the vertical movement of the lifting frame (4); each of the Π-shaped structures is provided with a support screw (5) installed at the top of the side wall of the seedling pool so that after the lifting frame (4) is lifted into place, the support screw (5) is screwed out to hold the lifting frame (4).

5. The driving element includes a vertical pushing component and a pair of guide rails (6) located on both sides of the vertical pushing component. The slider (12) can only slide vertically relative to the guide rails (6) and does not disengage. When the locking nut (11) provided on the stud (10) is tightened, the guide rails (6) and the connecting plate (40201) are fixed together so that the corresponding lifting frame (4) can be driven to move vertically by the vertical pushing component.

6. The stratified humidity-controlled seedling cultivation device for Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vertical pushing component includes connecting forks (7) fixedly connected to the sides of the guide rail plate (6), and a threaded cylinder (8) located between the two connecting forks (7) and fixedly connected thereto. A threaded rod (9) is threadedly engaged with the threaded cylinder (8). The two ends of the threaded rod (9) are rotatably installed in the bearing seats (13) on the outer side wall of the seedling bed (1). The threaded rod (9) is connected to the drive motor. The guide rail plate (6) is slidably engaged with the outer side wall of the seedling bed (1) so that when the threaded rod (9) rotates, the guide rail plate (6) moves with the lifting frame (4) which is fixed thereto.

7. The layered humidity-controlled seedling cultivation device for Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 4, characterized in that: Of the two pairs of mounting plates (402) on the same side, the two vertical plate segments (4020101) of one pair of mounting plates (402) are located below the horizontal plate segment (4020102) of the other pair of mounting plates (402), and the horizontal plate segments (4020102) of the two pairs of mounting plates (402) are coplanar.

8. The layered humidity-controlled seedling cultivation device for Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner plate (401) has a rectangular groove, one side of which is fully open to form the support platform (40101); the drip pipe (3) at the bottom of each permeable baffle (2) is connected to a water inlet pipe (14), the insertion pipe section (1401) of the water inlet pipe (14) protruding from the side of the permeable baffle (2) located in the support platform (40101) is rotatably installed in the side wall of the rectangular groove, and is dynamically and rotatably connected to a socket pipe section (16) embedded and fixed in the side wall, and the socket pipe section (16) is connected to the water supply pipe (19) for transporting water.

9. The stratified humidity-controlled seedling cultivation device for Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water supply pipe (19) is vertically fixed on one side of the seedling pond and is fixed and connected to the socket pipe section (16). The water supply pipe (19) is provided with two water passage areas with several water passage holes (1901) arranged in a ring on the pipe wall. At both ends of the water passage area, a ring of limiting protrusions (18) is arranged in a ring. The socket pipe section (16) is also integrally connected with a vertically arranged sleeve section (17). The two ends of the sleeve section (17) vertically penetrate the side wall of the rectangular groove and each has a ring-shaped stop ring extending towards the center. A sealing ring (20) is fixed on the hole wall of the stop ring. The sealing ring (20) is sleeved on the water supply pipe (19) to form a dynamic seal. The stop ring contacts the limiting protrusions (18) to limit the sliding stroke of the sleeve section (17) relative to the water supply pipe (19). The sliding stroke is not less than the thickness value to be controlled in the corresponding substrate area.

10. The layered humidity-controlled seedling cultivation device for Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: A water-soaking pad is laid flat and fixed on the permeable partition (2). The part of the water-soaking pad facing the water-permeable hole on the permeable partition (2) can be squeezed out of the water-permeable hole so as to contact the matrix layer below and form a capillary water absorption effect, and transport the water upward. The side wall of the seedling bed (1) is also provided with two covers (21) at intervals. The covers (21) close the feeding port. After the covers (21) are removed, the substrate of the corresponding substrate layer can be dug out or added through the feeding port to adapt to the latest depth of each substrate layer after the permeable baffle (2) is adjusted.

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