Water-saving ecological aquaculture pond, in-situ self-cleaning circulating water aquaculture system and aquaculture method

Abstract

The application discloses a water-saving ecological breeding pool, an in-situ self-cleaning circulating water breeding system and a breeding method, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture and water treatment, and solves the problem that the existing aquaculture pool cannot automatically clean residual feed and excrement in water, and comprises a pool body and a water inlet driving pipe, a rotating cleaning and sewage discharge device is installed in the pool body, the rotating cleaning and sewage discharge device collects impurities in the pool body, a cleaning mechanism is installed on the rotating cleaning and sewage discharge device, the cleaning mechanism mainly comprises a cleaning assembly and a rotating impeller, the cleaning assembly guides or sucks the impurities in the water, and the rotating impeller drives the cleaning assembly to rotate as a whole, so that the self-cleaning in-situ is realized, the self-cleaning circulating water breeding system combines the ecological breeding pool with a microbial filter or a physical filter, biological degradation purification or physical purification is realized, the problems of high water consumption, tail water pollution and complex purification system in traditional breeding are solved, and the self-cleaning circulating water breeding system is suitable for intensive breeding of fish, shrimp and crab.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ecological aquaculture pond technology, specifically relating to a water-saving ecological aquaculture pond, an in-situ self-purifying recirculating aquaculture system, and an aquaculture method. Background Technology

[0002] Aquaculture is a production activity involving the breeding, cultivation, and harvesting of aquatic plants and animals under human control. In aquaculture, the aquaculture pond is the main intensive facility aquaculture model. A relatively clean water environment and sufficient oxygen content are necessary conditions to ensure the healthy growth of fish. Therefore, the water in the aquaculture pond needs to be changed frequently to remove impurities from the pond in a timely manner, and oxygenation needs to be continuously increased. In existing aquaculture ponds, excrement and uneaten food residue will settle at the bottom of the pond, affecting the water quality and being difficult to clean. If not cleaned in time, the water quality will deteriorate, which can easily affect the health of the fish and even threaten their lives.

[0003] Factory-style recirculating aquaculture systems generally suffer from the following problems: (1) Traditional pond and factory farming generally suffer from problems such as large water exchange volume, direct discharge of tailwater, accumulation of ammonia nitrogen / nitrite, easy deterioration of bottom sediment, and high incidence of diseases, resulting in low water resource utilization and high environmental pollution risk.

[0004] (2) Existing recirculating aquaculture systems mostly rely on external filters and physical and chemical equipment such as microfilters, protein separators, ultraviolet sterilization, and ozone oxidation. These systems have drawbacks such as high energy consumption, large equipment investment, complex maintenance, fragile microbial systems, and susceptibility to sudden changes in water quality. (3) Conventional in-situ purification technology has defects such as low purification efficiency, short-circuiting of water flow, lack of coordination between sewage collection and reoxygenation, and large fluctuations in water quality, making it difficult to achieve true in-situ self-purification and low-carbon water-saving operation.

[0005] (4) Most purification devices are separated from the breeding ponds, occupy a large area, have poor system coordination, poor rapid collection and discharge of sewage, poor compatibility with the ecological cycle system, and cannot achieve integrated high-efficiency breeding with self-cleaning of the pond, self-purification of water quality, and zero discharge of water circulation.

[0006] Therefore, developing a water-saving ecological aquaculture pond with integrated structure, low energy consumption, near-zero water exchange, in-situ self-purification, and stable operation, along with its supporting recirculating aquaculture method, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the field of facility fisheries and green aquaculture. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0008] To address the problems mentioned in the background technology, and considering the issues of high water consumption, heavy pollution discharge, complex purification systems, bottom sludge accumulation, and high operation and maintenance costs in existing aquaculture systems, this invention provides a water-saving ecological aquaculture pond and an in-situ self-purifying recirculating aquaculture method. Through rapid sludge collection and discharge, combined with physical filtration, biodegradation purification, and multi-level coupling of micro-nano aeration, it achieves healthy aquaculture effects such as in-situ purification, closed-loop circulation, low water exchange, low emissions, ecological stability, and easy operation and maintenance, thereby achieving the goals of water conservation, emission reduction, stable production, and low consumption.

[0009] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0010] A water-saving ecological aquaculture pond includes a pond body and an inlet drive pipe. The inlet drive pipe inputs clean water into the pond body. A rotary cleaning and sewage discharge device is installed in the pond body to collect and discharge the aquaculture water at the bottom of the pond body. The rotary cleaning and sewage discharge device adopts the bottom sewage discharge type, including a sewage collection pipe, a bottom sewage discharge pipe and a rotary cleaning mechanism. The sewage collection pipe is installed in the center of the pool body. The sewage collection pipe has equidistant holes and slots on its side wall. The aquaculture water in the pool enters the sewage collection pipe through the holes and slots. The bottom sewage discharge pipe is connected to the lower end of the sewage collection pipe. The bottom sewage discharge pipe runs through the pool body and a submersible pump is installed on the bottom sewage discharge pipe. The rotating cleaning mechanism includes a rotating base, a support platform, a support cylinder, and a rotating bracket installed sequentially from bottom to top. A rotating impeller is fitted around the rotating bracket, and the outlet end of the lower end of the inlet drive pipe corresponds to the rotating impeller. The rotating base is installed on the upper end of the sludge collection pipe inside the pool. A support platform is provided on the rotating base, and a support cylinder is installed on the top of the support platform. A rotating bracket is installed on the top of the support cylinder, and a cleaning component is installed on the support cylinder. When the rotating impeller rotates under the blowing action of the inlet drive pipe, it drives the support cylinder and the cleaning component to rotate, so that the cleaning component performs circumferential scraping and collection of the bottom aquaculture water in the pool, allowing the aquaculture water to enter the sludge collection pipe and then be discharged from the pool through the bottom drain pipe.

[0011] The cleaning assembly includes a mounting hoop, which is fitted over the support cylinder. The mounting hoop is equipped with an ear loop, which is connected to the upper end of the pull rod. A support rod is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the support cylinder. A horizontally positioned scraping and guiding rod is provided at the lower end of the support rod. The scraping and guiding rod is positioned by the other end of the pull rod. The scraping and guiding rod scrapes and guides the sewage at the bottom of the tank to the center of the tank.

[0012] The scraping guide rod includes an open arc-shaped sludge collection pipe at the lower end. A flexible scraper is provided on the lower edge of one side of the arc-shaped sludge collection pipe. The flexible scraper contacts the bottom of the pool. Multiple guide plates are provided at equal intervals on the lower edge of the other side of the arc-shaped sludge collection pipe. The guide plates are inclined and guide the flow towards the center of the pool.

[0013] The rotary cleaning and sewage discharge device can also be a suction type, including a base, a rotating base, and a support platform installed sequentially from bottom to top. A sludge collection cylinder and a rotating bracket are installed at the top of the support platform. A rotating impeller is provided on the outer periphery of the upper end of the sludge collection cylinder. The sludge collection cylinder is connected to a suction cleaning mechanism, and a sewage discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the sludge collection cylinder.

[0014] The suction cleaning mechanism includes a connecting pipe, a suction pipe, and a pull rod. One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the body of the sludge collection cylinder, and the other end is connected to the suction pipe. The end of the suction pipe is closed. A row of suction holes is evenly spaced on the body of the suction pipe, and the suction holes are obliquely opened towards the bottom of the pool. The upper end of the pull rod is mounted on the sludge collection cylinder by a mounting hoop, and the lower end of the pull rod is fixedly positioned with the end of the suction pipe.

[0015] It also includes a micro-nano bubble propeller, which consists of a shell, a rotating frame, and a propeller impeller. The shell is symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the pool. The rotating frame is rotatably installed inside the shell. The propeller impeller is installed outside the rotating frame. The rotation of the propeller impeller itself propels the water to move towards the side closer to the cleaning mechanism. A propeller nano-oxygenation tube support is installed inside the shell and below the rotating frame. A propeller nano-oxygenation tube is installed inside the propeller nano-oxygenation tube support and introduces gas into the shell.

[0016] When a self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter is used, it includes an ecological aquaculture pond and a self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter. The ecological aquaculture pond discharges wastewater into the inlet B of the self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter through a bottom drain pipe or a drain pipe. The wastewater is filtered and purified by the self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter, and the purified water is then transported to the inlet drive pipe through a circulation pipeline, forming an in-situ self-purifying circulating aquaculture system. When a microbial filter is used, it includes an ecological aquaculture pond and a microbial filter. The ecological aquaculture pond discharges wastewater into the inlet C of the microbial filter through a bottom drain pipe or a drain pipe. The microbial filter performs microbial nitrification filtration and purification on the wastewater, and the purified water is then transported to the ecological aquaculture pond through a circulation pipeline, forming an in-situ self-purifying circulating aquaculture system.

[0017] The self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter includes an internal filter cylinder and an external cylinder. The filter cylinder includes a frame with end plates at both ends, which are bolted to the frame. A support mesh and a filter screen are sequentially wrapped around the frame, and clamps are fitted at both ends of the filter screen and secured by fastening bolts on the clamps. A support plate is fixedly installed at the upper end of the cylinder, and the upper end of the filter cylinder is rotatably connected to the support plate, allowing the filter cylinder to rotate around its own axis inside the cylinder. On the end plate at the lower end of the filter cylinder, water turbine impellers are evenly distributed in a circular pattern, extending outward along the radial direction of the end plate. An inlet pipe is installed on the side wall at the lower end of the cylinder. The inlet of the inlet pipe is connected to the bottom sewage pipe or sewage outlet of the ecological aquaculture pond, and the outlet of the inlet pipe faces the water turbine impellers. When sewage enters the cylinder through the inlet pipe, the high-speed flowing sewage impacts the blades of the water turbine impeller, causing the water turbine impeller to rotate, which in turn drives the filter cylinder to rotate continuously. It also includes a water collection backwash pipe located at the central axis of the filter cylinder. The upper and lower ends of the water collection backwash pipe extend out of the cylinder body through the upper and lower ends of the cylinder body, respectively. The upper end of the water collection backwash pipe is connected to the filter backwash pipe, and the lower end of the water collection backwash pipe is connected to the circulating water pipe. The other end of the circulating water pipe is connected to the water inlet branch pipe of the Dongfeng snail ecological breeding pond. The backwash pipe includes, from top to bottom, a backwash inlet pipe, a sleeve, and a collection pipe. The upper end of the sleeve is connected to the backwash inlet pipe, and the lower end of the sleeve is fitted onto the upper end of the collection pipe. The side end of the sleeve is the outlet, which is connected to a vertically arranged spray pipe. The spray pipe has evenly spaced fan-shaped nozzles that spray backwash water towards the inner wall of the filter cartridge. The backwash inlet pipe is connected to a purified water source. The collection pipe has multiple drainage holes distributed on its wall. The purified water filtered by the filter cartridge enters the collection pipe through the drainage holes and is then discharged into the circulating water pipeline through the collection pipe.

[0018] The water collection pipe includes a water collection section, a sealing connection section, and a water delivery section from top to bottom. The water collection section and the sealing connection section are connected and installed by a sealing connection suction cup. The water delivery section extends out of the cylinder and is connected to the circulating water pipeline.

[0019] The microbial filter includes an outer shell and an aeration assembly. The aeration assembly is installed at the bottom of the inner shell, and a bacterial solution dripping pipe (37) is installed at the top of the outer shell. Digestion filter bags and nitrification bags for filtering aquaculture wastewater are installed inside the outer shell. The bacterial solution dripping pipe (37) inputs the bacterial solution required for filtration into the digestion filter bags and nitrification bags inside the outer shell, respectively. A drain outlet is installed on the side wall of the outer shell, and an inlet C is installed at the bottom of the side wall of the outer shell. Aquaculture wastewater enters the outer shell through the inlet C, and the filtered clean water enters the circulation pipeline through the drain outlet. The aquaculture wastewater entering the shell first undergoes primary filtration, digestion, and ammonia nitrogen degradation through the digestion filter bag, and then undergoes deep nitrification and nitrite degradation through the nitrification decomposition bag, thereby achieving efficient treatment of aquaculture wastewater; the nitrification decomposition bag and the digestion filter bag are distributed in the shell in an upper and lower structure; the bacterial liquid dripping tube (37) includes an outer liquid tube and an inner liquid tube, the outer liquid tube is provided with an inlet, the lower end of the outer liquid tube is connected to the nitrification decomposition bag, the upper end of the inner liquid tube is provided with an inlet, and the lower end of the inner liquid tube is connected to the digestion filter bag, providing the required bacterial liquid to the digestion filter bag and the nitrification decomposition bag respectively.

[0020] A method for aquaculture using an in-situ self-purifying recirculating aquaculture system, based on the in-situ self-purifying recirculating aquaculture system as described in claims 7-10, is as follows: S1. Aquaculture Preparation: Turn on the water inlet drive pipe to inject aquaculture clean water into the tank until the set aquaculture water level is reached; start the micro-nano bubble propeller, and continuously supply air through the propeller nano oxygenation pipe. After entering the shell, the air forms an upward bubble water vortex. The water gathers in the upper part of the shell under the drive of the bubble water vortex. The bubble water drives the propeller impeller to rotate after passing through the rotating frame and propeller impeller fixed at the top, thereby driving the water movement in the tank, improving the vertical mixing efficiency of the water, and completing the water pretreatment before aquaculture. S2. Stocking and daily aquaculture: Stock the fish fry into the aquaculture pond. During the aquaculture process, the micro-nano bubble propeller is continuously activated, and the oxygenation pipe is used to continuously supply air to ensure that the dissolved oxygen content in the pond is uniform and meets the standard. S3. Regular flushing and cleaning: The rotary cleaning and sewage discharge device is started regularly for continuous operation. The purified water from the self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter or microbial filter is sprayed out through the water inlet drive pipe and impacts the rotating impeller, driving the impeller to rotate continuously. The rotating impeller synchronously drives the support cylinder, support rod, and scraping guide rod to rotate around the central axis of the sewage collection pipe. The flexible scraper at the bottom of the scraping guide rod slides against the bottom surface of the pool to thoroughly scrape away pollutants such as uneaten feed, feces, and sediment accumulated at the bottom of the pool. At the same time, the inclined guide plate guides the sewage and pollutants at the bottom of the pool to the sewage collection pipe in the center of the pool. The bottom aquaculture sewage after the guide is diverted into the sewage collection pipe through the equally spaced holes and grooves on the side wall of the sewage collection pipe, completing the in-situ collection of the bottom sewage of the aquaculture pool. Alternatively, the rotating impeller synchronously drives the sludge collection cylinder and the suction cleaning mechanism to rotate around the central axis of the sludge collection cylinder; the suction pipe moves in a circular motion against the bottom surface of the pool to comprehensively suck up pollutants such as uneaten feed, feces, and sediment accumulated at the bottom of the pool; the bottom aquaculture wastewater after suction enters the filter through the sewage pipe to complete the in-situ collection of bottom aquaculture wastewater. S4. Water Oxygenation and Water Disturbance Balance Control: The micro-nano bubble propeller is activated throughout the aquaculture process. The impeller rotates continuously, pushing the water in the pond to flow in a directional direction toward the rotating cleaning and sewage discharge mechanism, avoiding local accumulation of pollutants at the bottom of the pond and the formation of stagnant water areas. At the same time, the propeller nano-oxygenation tube continuously inputs gas into the shell, generating micro-nano bubbles that are integrated into the aquaculture water, achieving continuous oxygenation of the water, increasing the dissolved oxygen content, improving the ecological environment of the aquaculture water, and inhibiting the growth of harmful microorganisms. S5. Targeted Discharge and Transportation of Aquaculture Wastewater: Based on the water quality parameters of the aquaculture water body, the bottom sewage pipe or the solenoid valve switch of the sewage pipe is opened at regular intervals or in real time, and the collected highly polluted aquaculture wastewater at the bottom is discharged outward through the sewage pipe; it is discharged into the inlet B of the self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter or the inlet C of the microbial filter to complete the targeted transportation of aquaculture wastewater. S6. Wastewater graded purification treatment: When the system adopts a self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter, the sewage is rushed into the cylinder at high speed through the inlet water connection pipe. The high-speed water flow impacts the hydrodynamic impeller, which drives the filter cylinder to rotate continuously around its own axis. The sewage passes through the filter screen and support screen around the filter cylinder to complete the solid pollutant interception and filtration. The filtered clean water enters the water collection pipe (266) through the pores in the filter cylinder tube wall. After being collected through the drainage holes of the water collection pipe, it flows into the circulating water pipeline (28). Filter self-cleaning process: Clean water is periodically supplied to the sleeve of the backwash pipe through the backwash inlet pipe. The clean water is sprayed backwash onto the inner wall of the filter cartridge through the fan-shaped nozzle of the spray pipe, washing away the impurities trapped on the filter screen and achieving self-cleaning of the filter cartridge. S7. When using a microbial filter: Aquaculture wastewater enters the outer shell through inlet C, first flowing through the lower digestion filter bag to complete primary filtration, solid impurity interception, and preliminary degradation of ammonia nitrogen in the water, and then flowing through the upper nitrification bag to complete the deep nitrification reaction, degrading harmful substances such as nitrite in the water; at the same time, special bacterial solution is precisely dripped into the nitrification bag and digestion filter bag through the outer and inner liquid pipes of the bacterial solution dripping pipe, respectively, to maintain the activity of the microbial community in the bag and ensure the water purification efficiency; the aeration component at the bottom of the outer shell continuously aerates, providing sufficient oxygen for the microbial nitrification and digestion reactions; Self-circulating purification process: The purified water or nitrified water in the collection pipe is transported to the inlet drive pipe of the ecological aquaculture pond through the circulating water pipeline to replenish the aquaculture water body, realize the in-situ purification and closed-loop recycling of aquaculture wastewater, reduce the amount of fresh water replenishment throughout the process, and maintain the stability of water quality in the pond. S8. Water quality maintenance and harvesting: During the aquaculture period, adjust the operating power of the propeller, the start frequency of the backwash system, and the backwashing time of the self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter according to the growth stage of the fish and changes in water quality to ensure the stable operation of the recirculating aquaculture system until the fish reach the harvest standard and are harvested.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention is based on a dedicated ecological aquaculture pond and a circulating purification system. It achieves automatic cleaning of pollutants at the bottom of the aquaculture pond without dead corners by combining mechanical rotation scraping, directional flow collection, dynamic water aeration and disturbance, and multi-stage filtration and purification. This solves the problems of uneaten feed and feces accumulation and water deterioration at the bottom of traditional aquaculture ponds. It eliminates the need for manual pond cleaning and reduces operation and maintenance costs.

[0022] 2. This invention can be adapted to two purification modes: mechanical self-cleaning filtration and microbial nitrification filtration. It can meet the needs of different breeding densities and different water quality conditions. The filtration equipment can automatically backwash and the microbial community can be precisely replenished to continuously ensure the wastewater purification effect and the water quality stability is extremely strong. In particular, the combination of digestion filter bags and nitrification bags enables stable filtration of both large and small molecules in aquaculture water. Furthermore, with the addition of nitrifying bacteria through the bacterial drip inlet, these bacteria convert small organic molecules into nitrites, which in turn convert them into nitrates, achieving stable filtration of the aquaculture water. The filter also alters the traditional layout of digestion filter bags and nitrification bags, installing them within the same outer casing. This not only extends the filtration time and transport path length but also significantly improves the treatment efficiency, ensuring the overall purification effect of the filter.

[0023] 3. This invention achieves in-situ purification and closed-loop recycling of aquaculture water, significantly reducing the replenishment of fresh water resources and the discharge of aquaculture wastewater, resulting in significant water conservation. At the same time, through micro-nano oxygenation and microbial purification, it continuously optimizes the aquatic ecological environment, reduces the incidence of aquaculture diseases, and improves the survival rate and quality of aquaculture.

[0024] 4. The various devices in this invention work together in a coordinated manner to form a normalized and automated recirculating aquaculture mode. It is stable in operation, widely adaptable, and can be widely applied to various ecological and water-saving aquaculture scenarios. The in-situ self-purification recirculating water system is highly efficient and stable, with water quality indicators consistently meeting standards. It does not require large-scale water replacement, and the water resource recycling rate is ≥95%, saving water and protecting the environment, achieving near-zero discharge of aquaculture wastewater. Compared with traditional recirculating aquaculture systems, it has lower energy consumption, simpler operation and maintenance, more stable water quality, and stronger environmental protection. It can achieve near-zero discharge, significantly reducing operating costs and maintenance workload, and improving the survival rate and ecological benefits of aquaculture. The system can effectively reduce the breeding and hiding of pathogens, reduce the risk of cross-infection in water bodies, build a stable and healthy aquaculture water environment, and significantly improve disease prevention and control capabilities.

[0025] 5. This invention achieves the following effects by employing the above methods: It adopts an in-situ purification and circulating water mode, with a daily water replenishment rate of only 3%-6%, saving over 85% of water compared to traditional aquaculture, achieving near-zero discharge, and significantly reducing water resource consumption; it integrates physical filtration, biodegradation purification, ecological substrate adsorption, and micro-nano aeration, providing multi-stage synergistic purification with high removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, total phosphorus, and organic matter, ensuring long-term stable water quality, reducing diseases by over 60%, and increasing stocking density by 3-5 times; it uses a water pump as the power source for self-purifying circulating water, eliminating the need for high-power circulation equipment, reducing energy consumption by over 40%, and its integrated structural design minimizes floor space. The system boasts low investment and operation costs; energy-saving cleaners quickly collect uneaten feed and feces, reducing sediment buildup and anaerobic pollution, and lowering disease incidence; the in-situ self-purifying circulating water system eliminates the need for external large-scale filters, reducing investment and energy consumption by over 40%, exhibiting strong resistance to shock loads, minimal water quality fluctuations, stable water quality with low turbidity and harmful substances, resulting in rapid growth, low feed conversion ratio, and a 15%-30% increase in animal survival rate, significantly improving aquaculture efficiency; no chemical additives are used, there is no secondary pollution, and the effluent is self-purified and recycled, meeting the requirements of ecological aquaculture, low-carbon fisheries, and environmentally friendly emissions. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the water-saving ecological aquaculture pond of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the water-saving ecological aquaculture pond of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating cleaning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the scraping guide rod of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a top view of the scraping guide rod of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a side view of the propulsion mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a front view of the propulsion mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when the system is equipped with a self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when the system is equipped with a microbial filter; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the digestion filter bag of the microbial filter of the present invention.

[0027] The correspondence between the labels and component names in the attached figures is as follows: 1. Pool body; 2. Inlet drive pipe; 3. Sludge collection pipe; 4. Bottom drain pipe; 5. Rotating cleaning mechanism; 51. Rotating base; 52. Support platform; 53. Support cylinder; 54. Rotating bracket; 55. Rotating impeller; 56. Aeration pipe; 57. Mounting clamp; 571. Earring; 58. Tie rod; 59. Support rod; 510. Scraper guide rod; 512. Arc-shaped sludge collection pipe; 513. Flexible scraper; 514. Guide plate; 61. Base; 62. Sludge collection cylinder; 63. Drain pipe; 7. Suction cleaning mechanism; 71. Connecting pipe; 72. Suction pipe; 74. Impeller power pump; 8. Cleaning... 81. Filter mechanism; 82. Support pipe; 83. Rotating base; 84. Support cylinder; 85. Rotating bracket; 86. Rotating impeller; 87. Suction inlet; 88. Suction nozzle; 9. Cleaning brush; 91. Flow propulsion mechanism; 92. Shell; 93. Rotating frame; 94. Flow propulsion impeller; 95. Flow propulsion nano-oxygenation tube bracket; 21. Filter cartridge; 22. Cylinder body; 211. Frame; 212. End plate; 213. Clamp; 24. Hydrodynamic impeller; 25. Inlet connecting pipe; 26. Water collection backwash pipe; 27. Backwash pipeline; 28. Circulating water pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that mutually excludes other embodiments. The present invention provides the following embodiments.

[0031] Example 1 like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, this embodiment discloses a water-saving ecological aquaculture pond, including a pond body 1 and an inlet drive pipe 2. The outlet end of the inlet drive pipe 2 is provided with a drive bend (21). External purified water can be stably input into the pond body 1 through the inlet pipe 2 and the drive bend (21) to replenish the aquaculture water. The core of the pond body 1 is equipped with a rotating cleaning and sewage discharge device, which can automatically collect, guide and discharge the highly polluted aquaculture water at the bottom of the pond body 1, which is rich in residual feed, feces and suspended solids, thereby achieving in-situ cleaning of the bottom water of the aquaculture pond.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the rotary cleaning and sewage discharge device includes a sewage collection pipe 3, a bottom sewage discharge pipe 4, and a rotary cleaning mechanism 5. The sewage collection pipe 3 is vertically fixed at the center of the tank body 1. Several equidistant holes and slots are formed on the side wall of the sewage collection pipe 3 along the axial direction, allowing the turbid aquaculture water at the bottom of the tank body 1 to evenly seep into the sewage collection pipe 3 through these holes and slots. The bottom sewage discharge pipe 4 is sealed and connected to the lower end of the sewage collection pipe 3. The bottom sewage discharge pipe 4 extends vertically through the bottom wall of the tank body 1 to the outside of the tank. A solenoid valve switch is fixedly mounted on the bottom sewage discharge pipe 4, allowing for timed and real-time start and stop of the sewage discharge operation via electrical control, achieving precise control over the sewage discharge volume and duration.

[0033] The rotating cleaning mechanism 5 is an automatic rotating cleaning core structure, consisting of a rotating base 51, a support platform 52, a support cylinder 53, a rotating bracket 54, and a drive liquid pipe 56 stacked and fixed from bottom to top. The rotating base 51 is fixedly nested at the upper end of the collection pipe 3, serving as the load-bearing base for the overall rotating structure. The support platform 52 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the rotating base 51, and the support cylinder 53 is fastened to the top of the support platform 52. The top of the support cylinder 53 is fixedly connected to the rotating bracket 54. A rotating impeller 55 is fixedly fitted around the rotating bracket 54. The upper end of the drive liquid pipe 56 is connected to the inlet pipe 2, and the side wall of the drive liquid pipe 56 is laterally connected to and fixed to the drive bend 561. The outlet end of the drive bend 561 precisely corresponds to the position of the blades of the rotating impeller 55.

[0034] A cleaning assembly is mounted on the outside of the support cylinder 53, and the cleaning assembly rotates synchronously with the support cylinder 53. Specifically, the cleaning assembly includes a mounting hoop 57, a pull rod 58, a support rod 59, and a scraping guide rod 510. The mounting hoop 57 is tightly fitted onto the outside of the support cylinder 53, and an ear ring 571 is integrally formed on the outside of the mounting hoop 57. The ear ring 571 is hinged and fixed to the upper end of the pull rod 58. The support rod 59 is horizontally fixedly welded to the outer wall of the support cylinder 53. The scraping guide rod 510 is horizontally mounted at the end of the support rod 59, and the upper end face of the scraping guide rod 510 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the pull rod 58. The support rod 59 and the pull rod 58 form a double positioning structure to ensure the horizontal installation stability of the scraping guide rod 510 and prevent shaking and displacement during rotation.

[0035] like Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the scraping guide rod 510 adopts an open-ended arc-shaped sludge collection pipe 512 structure. A flexible scraper 513 is fitted to one side of the lower edge of the arc-shaped sludge collection pipe 512. The bottom end of the flexible scraper 513 is completely in contact with the bottom surface of the pool body 1, which can scrape away the pollutants deposited at the bottom of the pool without dead angles. Multiple inclined guide plates 514 are arranged at equal intervals along the lower edge of the other side of the arc-shaped sludge collection pipe 512. All guide plates 514 are inclined towards the central sludge collection pipe 3 of the pool body 1, which can guide the scraped sewage, uneaten feed and feces to the center of the pool body in a directional direction, so as to realize the centralized collection of pollutants.

[0036] Two sets of micro-nano bubble propellers 9 are symmetrically assembled on the left and right sides of the inner wall of pool body 1, such as... Figure 6 and 7 As shown, the micro-nano bubble propeller 9 includes a shell 91, a rotating frame 92, a propulsion impeller 93, a propulsion nano-oxygenation tube support 94, and a propulsion nano-oxygenation tube 95. The shell 91 is fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the pool body 1. The rotating frame 92 is rotatably mounted inside the shell 91. The propulsion impeller 93 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating frame 92. When the propulsion impeller 93 rotates, it can drive the entire water body in the pool body 1 to flow directionally towards the central rotating cleaning mechanism 5. The propulsion nano-oxygenation tube support 94 is fixedly installed inside the shell 91 and below the rotating frame 92. The propulsion nano-oxygenation tube 95 is fixedly clamped inside the propulsion nano-oxygenation tube support 94. The propulsion nano-oxygenation tube 95 is connected to an air supply device, which can continuously input gas into the shell 91 to form micro-nano bubbles that integrate into the water body, achieving simultaneous oxygenation and water disturbance.

[0037] Example 2, when the rotary cleaning and sewage discharge device adopts a suction type like Figure 8As shown, the system includes a base 61, a rotating base 51, and a support platform 52, installed sequentially from bottom to top. A sludge collection cylinder 62 and a rotating bracket 54 are mounted on the upper end of the support platform 52. A drain pipe 63 is connected to the lower part of the sludge collection cylinder 62. A rotating impeller 55 is located around the upper periphery of the sludge collection cylinder 62. A suction cleaning mechanism is connected to the sludge collection cylinder 62. The drain pipe 63 is located at the lower end of the sludge collection cylinder 62, and its upper end is connected to the lower end of the sludge collection cylinder 62, allowing the debris collected in the sludge collection cylinder 62 to be discharged from the bottom through the drain pipe 63. A submersible pump 631 is installed on the drain pipe 63.

[0038] The suction cleaning mechanism includes a connecting pipe 71, a suction pipe 72, and a pull rod 58. One end of the connecting pipe 71 is connected to the body of the sludge collection cylinder 62, and the other end is connected to the suction pipe 72. The end of the suction pipe 72 is closed. A row of suction holes is opened at equal intervals on the body of the suction pipe 72. The suction holes are opened obliquely towards the bottom of the pool. The upper end of the pull rod (58) is sleeved on the sludge collection cylinder 62 by a mounting hoop 57. The lower end of the pull rod 58 is fixedly positioned with the end of the suction pipe 72.

[0039] Example 3: When the in-situ self-purifying recirculating aquaculture system uses a self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter When the aquaculture system in this embodiment uses a self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter as the core purification device, such as Figure 9 and 10 As shown, the system consists of an ecological aquaculture pond and a self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter. The outlet of the bottom sewage pipe 4 of the ecological aquaculture pond is connected to the inlet B of the self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter through a pipeline. The highly polluted sewage discharged from the ecological aquaculture pond can be completely introduced into the self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter for solid-liquid separation, impurity interception, and water purification. The purified water that meets the standards is then transported back to the ecological aquaculture pond through a circulation pipeline, forming a closed-loop in-situ self-purification circulating aquaculture system.

[0040] The self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter includes an internal filter cylinder 21 and an outer cylinder 22. The filter cylinder 21 is the core filtration structure, including a frame 211. Both the upper and lower ends of the frame 211 are equipped with end plates 212. The end plates 212 are detachably connected to the ends of the frame 211 with bolts, which facilitates later inspection and maintenance. The frame 211 is surrounded by a support mesh and a high-precision filter screen from the inside out. The upper and lower ends of the filter screen are locked together by clamps 213. The clamps 213 are equipped with fastening bolt assemblies, which can realize the tight fixation of the filter screen and quick disassembly and replacement.

[0041] A support plate 23 is fixedly welded to the upper end of the cylinder 22. The upper end of the filter cylinder 21 is hinged to the support plate 23, allowing the filter cylinder 21 to rotate around its central axis inside the cylinder 22. Multiple sets of hydrodynamic impellers 24 are evenly distributed and fixed along the circumferential direction on the bottom surface of the end plate 212 at the lower end of the filter cylinder 21. The hydrodynamic impellers 24 extend radially outward along the end plate. A water inlet connecting pipe 25 is fixedly installed on the lower side wall of the cylinder 22. The inlet of the water inlet connecting pipe 25 connects to the outlet of the bottom drain pipe 4. The outlet of the water inlet connecting pipe 25 is positioned directly opposite the blades of the hydrodynamic impellers 24. High-speed jets of wastewater drive the hydrodynamic impellers 24 to rotate, thereby causing the entire filter cylinder 21 to rotate continuously, achieving dynamic filtration.

[0042] A water collection backwash pipe 26 is vertically installed at the central axis of the cylinder 22. The upper and lower ends of the water collection backwash pipe 26 extend through the upper and lower end walls of the cylinder 22 to the outside. The upper end of the water collection backwash pipe 26 is connected to the external filter backwash pipe 27, and the lower end is connected to the circulating water pipe 28. The end of the circulating water pipe 28 is connected to the inlet branch pipe 11 of the aquaculture pond, so as to realize the return and reuse of purified water.

[0043] The backwash pipe 26 consists of three sections from top to bottom: a backwash inlet pipe 261, a sleeve 262, and a collection pipe 263. The upper end of the sleeve 262 is sealed to the backwash inlet pipe 261, and the lower end is fitted into the upper end of the collection pipe 263. The side end of the sleeve 262 is connected to a vertically arranged spray pipe 264. Several fan-shaped nozzles 265 are evenly spaced along the wall of the spray pipe 264, facing the inner wall of the filter cartridge 21, enabling 360° backwashing of the filter screen without dead angles. The backwash inlet pipe 261 is connected to an external clean water source, providing high-pressure clean water for the backwashing operation. Several drainage holes 266 are evenly spaced along the wall of the collection pipe 263, allowing filtered clean water to flow into the collection pipe 263.

[0044] Furthermore, the water collection pipe 263 consists of a water collection section 2631, a sealed connection section 2632, and a water conveying section 2633 from top to bottom. The water collection section 2631 and the sealed connection section 2632 are sealed together by a sealing suction cup 2634 to ensure the pipe body is airtight and prevent sewage from leaking into the clean water. The water conveying section 2633 extends outside the cylinder 22 and is sealed and connected to the circulating water pipeline 28 to complete the clean water delivery.

[0045] System overall working principle During the aquaculture process, part of the purified water in the inlet pipe 2 is used to replenish the aquaculture pond, and part is sent to the drive liquid pipe 56, which is then sprayed out at high speed through the drive bend pipe 561, impacting the rotating impeller 55 to rotate continuously. The rotating impeller 55 drives the support cylinder 53 to rotate as a whole, synchronously driving the support rod 59, the pull rod 58, and the bottom scraping guide rod 510 to move in a circle around the central axis of the pond. The flexible scraper 513 at the bottom of the scraping guide rod 510 continuously scrapes the bottom of the pond, scraping up all the pollutants such as uneaten feed, feces, and silt. With the guiding action of the inclined guide plate 514, the highly polluted sewage and pollutants at the bottom are guided to the central sewage collection pipe 3. The collected sewage enters the pipe through the side wall grooves of the sewage collection pipe 3. After the solenoid valve is opened, it is discharged into the inlet B of the self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter through the bottom sewage pipe 4.

[0046] At the same time, the dual-sided micro-nano bubble propellers 9 continue to work, and the propeller impellers 93 rotate to drive the water to flow towards the center of the pool, eliminating the stagnant water zone at the bottom of the pool and preventing local accumulation of pollutants; the propeller nano oxygenation tubes 95 continuously aerate, and the generated micro-nano bubbles greatly increase the dissolved oxygen in the water, optimizing the ecological environment of the aquaculture water.

[0047] After wastewater enters the self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter cylinder 22, the inlet water connection pipe 25 impacts the high-speed water-powered impeller 24, driving the filter cylinder 21 to rotate at a uniform speed. Under centrifugal force, the wastewater flows along the inner wall of the filter screen, and solid impurities are intercepted by the filter screen. After passing through the filter screen, the purified water flows into the water collection pipe 263 through the drainage holes 266, and then flows back to the aquaculture pond through the circulating water pipe 28, realizing water circulation. When there is a large accumulation of impurities on the filter screen, high-pressure purified water is input into the water collection backwash pipe 26 through the backwash pipe 27, and sprayed through the fan-shaped nozzle 265 to wash the inner wall of the filter screen, washing away the trapped impurities, realizing automatic self-cleaning of the equipment without the need for manual disassembly and maintenance.

[0048] In-situ self-purification circulating water aquaculture method under self-cleaning filtration mode The water-saving ecological aquaculture pond in-situ self-purification recirculating aquaculture method disclosed in this embodiment includes the following steps: S1. Pre-treatment and commissioning of the aquaculture system: Complete the assembly and setup of the entire aquaculture system, and check the sealing and operational flexibility of each component, including tank 1, the rotary cleaning and sewage discharge device, the micro-nano bubble propeller 9, the self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter, and all connecting pipes, to ensure there are no leaks or blockages. Inject aquaculture water into tank 1 through inlet pipe 2 and inlet drive pipe, filling the water to the preset aquaculture water level; adjust the opening and closing parameters of the solenoid valve on the bottom sewage discharge pipe 4, the rotation speed of the impeller 55, the aeration power of the propeller, and the backwashing time and interval of the filter to ensure that all equipment operates normally and in sync.

[0049] S2. Pre-treatment of water before aquaculture: Start the double-sided micro-nano bubble propeller 9, and the propulsion nano oxygenation pipe 95 continuously supplies air into the shell 91. The gas forms micro-nano bubbles and drives the water to form a vortex. The vortex water pushes the rotating frame 92 and the propulsion impeller 93 to rotate, driving the overall disturbance and longitudinal mixing of the water in the pool 1, uniformly dissolving oxygen in the water, eliminating water stratification, and completing the pre-treatment of water before aquaculture.

[0050] S3. Seedling stocking and daily aquaculture: After the water quality and dissolved oxygen parameters of the water body are stable and meet the standards, the aquaculture seedlings are stocked into the pond 1; the micro-nano bubble flow promoter 9 is continuously turned on throughout the aquaculture process to balance the dissolved oxygen in the water in real time and ensure the stability of the aquaculture water environment.

[0051] S4. Regular cleaning and in-situ collection of wastewater at the bottom of the pond: During the breeding process, the rotary cleaning and sewage discharge device is activated at regular intervals. The clean water from the inlet pipe 2 drives the rotating impeller 55 to rotate, which in turn drives the scraping guide rod 510 to rotate in a circle. The flexible scraper 513 removes pollutants deposited at the bottom of the pond without dead angles. With the help of the guide plate 514, the highly polluted sewage at the bottom is collected into the sewage collection pipe 3, thus completing the in-situ collection of sewage and impurities at the bottom of the pond.

[0052] S5. Directed sewage discharge and transportation: Real-time monitoring of water turbidity and ammonia nitrogen parameters, and opening the solenoid valve of the bottom sewage pipe 4 at regular intervals or in real time according to changes in water quality. Highly polluted sewage in the sewage collection pipe 3 is transported to the self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter cylinder 22 through the bottom sewage pipe 4 and the inlet B.

[0053] S6. Wastewater Filtration and Purification and Equipment Self-Cleaning: High-speed wastewater impacts the hydraulic impeller 24, driving the filter cylinder 21 to rotate. Wastewater is filtered through the filter screen and support screen, and solid impurities are trapped on the inner wall of the filter screen. Clean water passes through the filter screen and enters the water collection pipe 263. After being collected through the drainage hole 266, it flows into the circulating water pipe 28. The self-cleaning program is activated at preset intervals. High-pressure clean water is delivered to the spray pipe 264 through the backwash inlet pipe 261 and the pipe sleeve 262. The fan-shaped nozzle 265 performs high-pressure backwashing on the inner wall of the filter screen, flushing away the attached impurities, realizing automatic cleaning of the filter and avoiding filter screen clogging.

[0054] S7. Closed-loop recycling of purified water: The filtered and purified water that meets the standards is transported to the aquaculture pond inlet pipe 2 through the circulating water pipeline 28, and then flows back to the pond body 1 through the inlet drive pipe and drive liquid pipe 56 respectively to replenish the aquaculture water body, greatly reducing the external source of purified water supply and realizing in-situ purification and closed-loop circulation of sewage.

[0055] S8. Water quality control and aquaculture harvest: During the aquaculture period, the operating power of the flow booster, the frequency of sewage discharge, the backwash interval and backwash duration of the filter are dynamically adjusted according to the growth stage of the seedlings and the water quality data to maintain the stable operation of the system; after the seedlings grow to market size, the circulation system operation is stopped and the harvest is completed.

[0056] Example 4: In-situ self-purifying recirculating aquaculture system using microbial filter mode This embodiment has the same aquaculture pond structure as Embodiment 1, the difference being the use of a microbial filter as the core equipment for wastewater purification. For example... Figure 11 and 12 As shown, this system consists of an ecological aquaculture pond and a microbial filter. The ecological aquaculture pond adopts a suction-type sewage discharge method, and the sewage is connected to the inlet C of the microbial filter through the sewage discharge pipe. The aquaculture sewage is discharged into the microbial filter to complete microbial nitrification, degradation and purification. The purified water is returned to the aquaculture pond through the circulation pipeline, forming a microbial purification type in-situ circulating aquaculture system.

[0057] The microbial filter includes an outer shell 31, an aeration component 32, a digestion filter bag 33, a nitrification bag 34, and a bacterial solution dripping tube 37. The aeration component 32 is fixedly installed at the bottom inside the outer shell 31 for continuous aeration and oxygenation to provide oxygen for the microbial metabolic reaction; the bacterial solution dripping tube 37 is installed through the top of the outer shell 31 for precise dispensing of special nitrification and digestion bacterial solutions.

[0058] The outer casing 31 has a layered structure for assembling filter components. The lower layer is equipped with digestion filter bags 33, and the upper layer is equipped with nitrification decomposition bags 34, realizing a graded purification mode of wastewater first undergoing primary digestion and then deep nitrification. The bottom of the side wall of the outer casing 31 has an inlet C, and the middle and upper part of the side wall has an outlet 35. The inlet C is connected to the sewage pipe, and the outlet 35 is connected to the circulation pipe 28.

[0059] The bacterial solution drip tube 37 adopts a double-tube structure, including an outer liquid tube 371 and an inner liquid tube 372. The upper end of the outer liquid tube is equipped with a liquid inlet, and the lower end is connected to the nitrification decomposition bag 34, which is dedicated to supplying nitrifying bacteria. The upper end of the inner liquid tube is equipped with a liquid inlet, and the lower end is connected to the digestion filter bag 33, which is dedicated to supplying digestion bacteria. This allows for the independent and precise delivery of the two bacterial solutions, ensuring the activity of microbial communities in different filter bags.

[0060] Working principle of microbial filters After entering the outer shell 31 through inlet C, the aquaculture wastewater flows from bottom to top through the digestion filter bag 33 and the nitrification decomposition bag 34. The bottom digestion filter bag 33 performs primary interception and filtration of solid feed residue and suspended feces in the wastewater, while relying on a dedicated digestion bacteria solution to decompose large molecular organic matter and initially degrade ammonia nitrogen. The upper nitrification decomposition bag 34 uses nitrifying bacteria to deeply nitrify and degrade nitrite and residual ammonia nitrogen in the water, thoroughly removing toxic and harmful substances from the water. The aeration component 32 provides continuous aeration throughout the process, maintaining an aerobic environment inside the outer shell 31 to meet the metabolic needs of the digestion and nitrification microorganisms and ensure purification efficiency. The purified water, after two stages of microbial purification, flows into the circulation pipeline through outlet 35 and is returned to the aquaculture pond for reuse.

[0061] In-situ self-purification recirculating aquaculture method under microbial filtration mode The pre-treatment, seedling stocking, pond bottom cleaning, water aeration, and wastewater discharge steps in this embodiment are completely consistent with those in Embodiment 1. The difference lies in the wastewater purification and recycling steps, and the specific differences are as follows: S7. Wastewater Staged Microbial Purification Treatment: Aquaculture wastewater enters the outer shell 31 of the microbial filter through inlet C. It first enters the lower digestion filter bag 33, where primary solid impurity interception, organic matter digestion and decomposition, and initial ammonia nitrogen degradation are completed. Subsequently, the water permeates upwards into the upper nitrification bag 34, where highly active nitrifying bacteria complete the deep nitrification reaction, thoroughly degrading nitrite in the water. During the aquaculture process, matching bacterial solution is periodically added to the digestion filter bag 33 and nitrification bag 34 through the inner and outer liquid pipes of the bacterial solution dripping pipe 37 to maintain the quantity and activity of the bacterial community. The aeration component 32 provides continuous aeration 24 hours a day to ensure a stable microbial purification environment.

[0062] S8. Microbial Purified Water Closed-Loop Circulation: The qualified purified water after two-stage microbial purification flows into the circulation pipeline through the drain outlet 35 of the outer shell 31 and is transported to the inlet pipe 2 of the ecological aquaculture pond, where it flows back to replenish the aquaculture water body, realizing in-situ microbial purification of sewage and water-saving closed-loop circulation.

[0063] The remaining water quality control, daily operation and maintenance, and harvesting steps are the same as in Example 1. The aeration intensity, bacterial liquid addition, and sewage discharge frequency can be dynamically adjusted according to the breeding density and water quality indicators to ensure the long-term stable operation of the system.

[0064] Example 5 The pool has a diameter of 8m, a water depth of 1.8m, and a bottom inclination of 10°. 1) The cleaning device is activated by the control unit according to the set cycle or water quality threshold to collect the uneaten feed and feces at the bottom of the pond into the microbial filter, so as to achieve rapid collection and discharge of sewage; the cleaning process does not affect the normal growth of Litopenaeus vannamei and has no stress response.

[0065] 2) Bottom sludge and turbid water enter the microbial filter. After solid-liquid separation by the digestion filter bag, they flow by gravity into the nitrification decomposition bag. Relying on the complex microbial community of nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and Bacillus attached to the surface of the packing material, the ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate and organic matter in the water are oxidized, decomposed and denitrified. 3) After being purified by a microbial filter, the water enters a water-saving ecological aquaculture pond, forming a continuous closed loop. Aeration is mainly based on microbubbles and low disturbance. The water flow velocity is 0.10m / s, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen at the bottom is ≥4.5mg / L and the water recycling rate is ≥95%, achieving zero or ultra-low discharge of tailwater.

[0066] Grass carp are farmed at a density of 40 kg / m³. Wastewater is discharged 1-2 times daily for 90-120 minutes each time, with a single wastewater discharge of 3%; the system recirculates water back to the source, replenishing 2.5% of the water daily; after 30 days of stable operation, ammonia nitrogen ≤0.3 mg / L, nitrite ≤0.15 mg / L, dissolved oxygen 5.2–6.5 mg / L, and no tailwater discharge.

[0067] Example 6, The square pool with rounded corners is 12m long, 6m wide, and 2.0m deep, with a bottom slope of 12°.

[0068] 1) The cleaning device is activated by the control unit according to the set cycle or water quality threshold to collect the uneaten feed and feces at the bottom of the pond into the microbial filter, so as to achieve rapid collection and discharge of sewage; the cleaning process does not affect the normal growth of Litopenaeus vannamei and has no stress response.

[0069] 2) Bottom sludge and turbid water enter the microbial filter. After solid-liquid separation by the digestion filter bag, they flow by gravity into the nitrification decomposition bag. Relying on the complex microbial community of nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and Bacillus attached to the surface of the packing material, the ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate and organic matter in the water are oxidized, decomposed and denitrified. 3) After being purified by a microbial filter, the water enters a water-saving ecological aquaculture pond, forming a continuous closed loop. Aeration is mainly based on microbubbles and low disturbance. The water flow velocity is 0.10m / s, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen at the bottom is ≥4.5mg / L and the water recycling rate is ≥95%, achieving zero or ultra-low discharge of tailwater.

[0070] Pacific white shrimp are farmed at a density of 300 shrimp / m². Wastewater is discharged 1-2 times daily, each time for 60-90 minutes, with a single cycle wastewater discharge volume of 4% and water replenishment of 2%. This results in stable water quality, a 15% increase in survival rate, and an 85% reduction in water consumption.

[0071] The above description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such deductions or substitutions should be considered to fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims submitted herein.

Claims

1. A water-saving ecological aquaculture pond, characterized in that: Includes a pool body (1) and an inlet drive pipe (2). The inlet drive pipe inputs clean water into the pool body (1). A rotary cleaning and sewage discharge device is installed in the pool body (1). The rotary cleaning and sewage discharge device collects and discharges the bottom aquaculture water in the pool body (1). The rotary cleaning and sewage discharge device adopts the bottom sewage discharge type, including a sewage collection pipe (3), a bottom sewage discharge pipe (4) and a rotary cleaning mechanism (5). The sewage collection pipe (3) is installed in the center of the pool body (1). The side wall of the sewage collection pipe (3) is provided with holes and slots at equal intervals. The aquaculture water in the pool body (1) enters the sewage collection pipe (3) through the holes and slots. The bottom sewage discharge pipe (4) is connected to the lower end of the sewage collection pipe (3). The bottom sewage discharge pipe (4) runs through the pool body (1). A submersible pump is installed on the bottom sewage discharge pipe (4). The rotating cleaning mechanism (5) includes a rotating base (51), a support platform (52), a support cylinder (53), and a rotating bracket (54) installed sequentially from bottom to top. A rotating impeller (55) is fitted around the rotating bracket (54), and the water outlet at the lower end of the water inlet drive pipe (2) corresponds to the rotating impeller (55). The rotating base (51) is installed on the upper end of the sludge collection pipe (3) inside the pool body (1). A support platform (52) is provided on the rotating base (51). A support cylinder (53) is installed at the top of the support platform (52). A rotating bracket (54) is installed at the top of the support cylinder (53). A cleaning component is installed on the support cylinder (53). When the rotating impeller (55) rotates under the blowing action of the water inlet drive pipe (2), it drives the support cylinder (53) and the cleaning component to rotate, so that the cleaning component performs circumferential scraping and collection of the bottom aquaculture water in the pool body (1), so that the aquaculture water enters the sludge collection pipe (3) and is discharged from the pool body through the bottom drain pipe (4).

2. The water-saving ecological aquaculture pond according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly includes a mounting hoop (57), which is fitted over the support cylinder (53). The mounting hoop (57) is provided with an earring (571), which is connected to the upper end of the pull rod (58). A support rod (59) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the support cylinder (53). A horizontally arranged scraping guide rod (510) is provided at the lower end of the support rod (59). The scraping guide rod (510) is positioned by the other end of the pull rod (58). The scraping guide rod (510) scrapes the sewage at the bottom of the pool and guides it to the center of the pool.

3. The water-saving ecological aquaculture pond according to claim 1: characterized in that: The scraping guide rod (510) includes an open arc-shaped sludge collection pipe (512) at the lower end. A flexible scraper (513) is provided on the lower edge of one side of the arc-shaped sludge collection pipe (512). The flexible scraper (513) contacts the bottom of the pool. A plurality of guide plates (514) are provided at equal intervals on the lower edge of the other side of the arc-shaped sludge collection pipe (512). The guide plates (514) are inclined and guide the flow towards the center of the pool.

4. The water-saving ecological aquaculture pond according to claim 1: characterized in that: The rotary cleaning and sewage discharge device can also be a suction type, including a base (61), a rotating base (51), and a support platform (52) installed from bottom to top. A sludge collection cylinder (62) and a rotating bracket (54) are installed at the top of the support platform (52). A rotating impeller (55) is provided on the outer periphery of the upper end of the sludge collection cylinder (62). The sludge collection cylinder (62) is connected to a suction cleaning mechanism, and a sewage discharge pipe (63) is connected to the bottom of the sludge collection cylinder (62).

5. The water-saving ecological aquaculture pond according to claim 4: characterized in that: The suction cleaning mechanism includes a connecting pipe (71), a suction pipe (72), and a pull rod (58). One end of the connecting pipe (71) is connected to the body of the sludge collection cylinder (62), and the other end is connected to the suction pipe (72). The end of the suction pipe (72) is closed. A row of suction holes is opened at equal intervals on the body of the suction pipe (72). The suction holes are opened obliquely towards the bottom of the pool. The upper end of the pull rod (58) is sleeved on the sludge collection cylinder (62) by a mounting hoop (57), and the lower end of the pull rod (58) is fixedly positioned with the end of the suction pipe (72).

6. The water-saving ecological aquaculture pond according to claim 1: characterized in that: It also includes a micro-nano bubble propeller (9), which includes a shell (91), a rotating frame (92) and a propeller impeller (93). The shell (91) is symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the pool (1). The rotating frame (92) is rotatably installed inside the shell (91). The propeller impeller (93) is installed outside the rotating frame (92). The rotation of the propeller impeller (93) itself pushes the water body to move towards the side closer to the cleaning mechanism (8). The propeller nano oxygenation tube support (94) is installed inside the shell (91) and below the rotating frame (92). The propeller nano oxygenation tube (95) is installed inside the propeller nano oxygenation tube support (94). The propeller nano oxygenation tube (95) inputs gas into the shell (91).

7. An in-situ self-purifying recirculating aquaculture system based on any one of the water-saving ecological aquaculture ponds described in claims 1-6, characterized in that: When a self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter is used, it includes an ecological aquaculture pond and a self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter. The ecological aquaculture pond discharges sewage into the inlet B of the self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter through the bottom sewage pipe (4) or sewage pipe (63). The sewage is filtered and purified by the self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter. The purified water is then transported to the inlet drive pipe (2) through the circulation pipeline to form an in-situ self-purification circulation aquaculture system. When a microbial filter is used, it includes an ecological aquaculture pond and a microbial filter. The ecological aquaculture pond discharges sewage into the inlet C of the microbial filter through the bottom sewage pipe (4) or sewage pipe (63). The sewage is filtered and purified by microbial nitrification by the microbial filter. The purified water is then transported to the ecological aquaculture pond through the circulation pipeline to form an in-situ self-purification circulation aquaculture system.

8. The in-situ self-purifying recirculating aquaculture system for a water-saving ecological aquaculture pond according to claim 7, characterized in that: The self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter includes an internal filter cylinder (21) and an external cylinder (22). The filter cylinder includes a frame (211), both ends of which are provided with end plates (212), and the end plates (212) are bolted to the frame (211). The frame (211) is wrapped with a support mesh and a filter screen in sequence. The two ends of the filter screen are fitted with clamps (213), which are fastened by fastening bolts on the clamps (213). A support plate (23) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the cylinder (22), and the upper end of the filter cylinder (21) is rotatably connected to the support plate (23), so that the filter cylinder (21) can rotate around its own axis inside the cylinder (22). The filter cylinder (21) rotates in a circular motion. On the end plate at the lower end of the filter cylinder (21), there are water-powered impellers (24) evenly distributed in a circular pattern. The water-powered impellers (24) extend outward along the radial direction of the end plate. A water inlet pipe (25) is installed on the side wall at the lower end of the cylinder (22). The inlet of the water inlet pipe (25) is connected to the bottom sewage pipe (4) or the sewage pipe (63) outlet of the ecological aquaculture pond. The outlet of the water inlet pipe (25) faces the water-powered impeller (24). When sewage enters the cylinder (22) through the water inlet pipe (25), the high-speed flowing sewage impacts the blades of the water-powered impeller (24), causing the water-powered impeller (24) to rotate, thereby driving the filter cylinder (21) to rotate continuously. It also includes a water collection backwash pipe (26) located at the central axis of the filter cylinder (21). The upper and lower ends of the water collection backwash pipe (26) extend out of the cylinder body through the upper and lower ends respectively. The upper end of the water collection backwash pipe (26) is connected to the filter backwash pipe (27), and the lower end of the water collection backwash pipe (26) is connected to the circulating water pipe (28). The other end of the circulating water pipe (28) is connected to the water inlet branch pipe (11) of the East Wind Snail Ecological Aquaculture Pond. The backwash pipe (26) includes, from top to bottom, a backwash inlet pipe (261), a pipe sleeve (262), and a water collection pipe (263). The upper end of the pipe sleeve (262) is connected to the backwash inlet pipe (261), and the lower end of the pipe sleeve (262) is fitted onto the upper end of the water collection pipe (263). The side end of the pipe sleeve (262) is the water outlet, which is connected to a vertically arranged spray pipe (264). The spray pipe (264) is equipped with... Fan-shaped nozzles (265) are evenly spaced and spray back towards the inner wall of the filter cylinder (21); the backflushing water inlet pipe (261) is connected to the purified water source; the wall of the water collection pipe (263) is provided with multiple drainage holes (266), and the purified water filtered by the filter cylinder (21) enters the water collection pipe (263) through the drainage holes (266) and is then discharged to the circulating water pipeline (28) through the water collection pipe (263).

9. The in-situ self-purifying recirculating aquaculture system for a water-saving ecological aquaculture pond according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water collection pipe (263) includes a water collection section (2631), a sealing connection section (2632), and a water conveying section (2633) from top to bottom. The water collection section (2631) and the sealing connection section (2632) are connected and installed by a sealing connection suction cup (2634). The water conveying section (2633) extends out of the cylinder and is connected to the circulating water pipeline (28).

10. The in-situ self-purifying recirculating aquaculture system for a water-saving ecological aquaculture pond according to claim 9, characterized in that: The microbial filter includes an outer shell (31) and an aeration assembly (32). The aeration assembly (32) is installed at the bottom inside the outer shell (31), and a bacterial liquid dripping pipe (37) is installed at the top of the outer shell (31). A digestion filter bag (33) and a nitrification bag (34) for filtering aquaculture wastewater are installed inside the outer shell (31). The bacterial liquid dripping pipe (37) inputs the bacterial liquid required for filtration into the digestion filter bag (33) and the nitrification bag (34) inside the outer shell (31). A drain outlet (35) is installed on the side wall of the outer shell (31), and an inlet C is installed at the bottom of the side wall of the outer shell (31). Aquaculture wastewater enters the outer shell (31) through the inlet C, and the filtered clean water passes through the drain outlet (35). The aquaculture wastewater entering the circulation pipeline and the outer shell (31) first undergoes primary filtration, digestion, and ammonia nitrogen degradation through the digestion filter bag (33), and then undergoes deep nitrification and nitrite degradation through the nitrification decomposition bag (34), thereby achieving efficient treatment of aquaculture wastewater; the nitrification decomposition bag (34) and the digestion filter bag (33) are distributed in the outer shell (31) in an upper and lower structure; the bacterial liquid dripping pipe (37) includes an outer liquid pipe (371) and an inner liquid pipe (372), the outer liquid pipe is provided with an inlet, the lower end of the outer liquid pipe is connected to the nitrification decomposition bag (34), the upper end of the inner liquid pipe is provided with an inlet, and the lower end of the inner liquid pipe is connected to the digestion filter bag (33), providing the required bacterial liquid to the digestion filter bag (33) and the nitrification decomposition bag (34) respectively.

11. A method for aquaculture using an in-situ self-purifying recirculating aquaculture system, based on the in-situ self-purifying recirculating aquaculture system as described in claims 7-10, characterized in that... The specific method is as follows: S1. Aquaculture preparation: Turn on the water inlet drive pipe (2) to inject aquaculture clean water into the pool (1) through the water inlet drive pipe, and fill the water to the set aquaculture water level; start the micro-nano bubble propeller, and continuously supply air through the propeller nano oxygenation pipe (95). After entering the shell (91), it forms an upward bubble water vortex. The water gathers in the upper part of the shell (91) under the drive of the bubble water vortex. The bubble water drives the propeller impeller (93) to rotate itself after passing through the rotating frame (92) fixed at the top and the propeller impeller (93), thereby driving the water movement in the pool (1), improving the longitudinal mixing efficiency of the water, and completing the water pretreatment before aquaculture; S2. Stocking and daily aquaculture: The fish fry are stocked into the aquaculture pond. During the aquaculture process, the micro-nano bubble propeller (9) is continuously activated, and the oxygenation pipe (56) is used to continuously supply air to ensure that the dissolved oxygen in the pond is uniform and meets the standard. S3. Regular flushing and cleaning: The rotary cleaning and sewage discharger is started regularly for continuous operation. The purified water after self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter or microbial filter is sprayed out through the water inlet drive pipe (2) and impacts the rotating impeller (55), which drives the rotating impeller (55) to rotate continuously. The rotating impeller (55) synchronously drives the support cylinder (53), support rod (59) and scraping guide rod (510) to rotate around the central axis of the sewage collection pipe. The flexible scraper (513) at the bottom of the scraping guide rod (510) slides against the bottom surface of the pool to thoroughly scrape away the pollutants such as residual feed, feces, and sediment accumulated at the bottom of the pool. At the same time, the inclined guide plate (514) guides the sewage and pollutants at the bottom of the pool to the sewage collection pipe in the center of the pool. The bottom aquaculture sewage after the guide enters the inside of the sewage collection pipe through the holes and grooves opened at equal intervals on the side wall of the sewage collection pipe, completing the in-situ collection of the bottom sewage of the aquaculture pool. Alternatively, the rotating impeller (55) synchronously drives the sludge collection cylinder (62) and the suction cleaning mechanism to rotate around the central axis of the sludge collection cylinder (62); the suction pipe (72) moves in a circular motion against the bottom surface of the pool to comprehensively suck up pollutants such as uneaten feed, feces, and sediment accumulated at the bottom of the pool; the bottom aquaculture wastewater after suction enters the filter through the sewage pipe (63) to complete the in-situ collection of bottom aquaculture wastewater; S4. Water Oxygenation and Water Disturbance Balance Control: The micro-nano bubble propeller (9) is activated throughout the aquaculture process. The propeller impeller rotates continuously, pushing the water in the pond to flow in a directional direction towards the rotating cleaning and sewage discharge mechanism (5) to avoid local accumulation of pollutants at the bottom of the pond and the appearance of dead water areas. At the same time, the propeller nano oxygenation pipe (9) continuously inputs gas into the shell to generate micro-nano bubbles and integrate them into the aquaculture water, thereby achieving continuous oxygenation of the water, increasing the dissolved oxygen content of the water, improving the ecological environment of the aquaculture water, and inhibiting the growth of harmful microorganisms. S5. Directed discharge and transportation of aquaculture wastewater: Based on the water quality parameters of the aquaculture water body, the solenoid valve switch of the bottom sewage pipe (4) or sewage pipe (63) is opened at regular intervals or in real time, and the collected bottom high-pollution aquaculture wastewater is discharged outward through the sewage pipe; correspondingly discharged into the inlet B of the self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter or the inlet C of the microbial filter to complete the directed transportation of aquaculture wastewater; S6. Wastewater graded purification treatment: When the system adopts a self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter, the sewage is rushed into the cylinder at high speed through the inlet pipe (25). The high-speed water flow impacts the hydrodynamic impeller (24) and drives the filter cylinder (21) to rotate continuously around its own axis. The sewage is filtered by the filter screen and support screen around the filter cylinder (21) to complete the solid pollutant interception and filtration. The filtered clean water enters the water collection pipe (266) through the pores of the filter cylinder pipe wall. After being collected through the drainage holes of the water collection pipe, it flows into the circulating water pipeline (28). Filter self-cleaning process: Clean water is periodically supplied to the sleeve (262) of the backwash pipe (26) through the backwash inlet pipe (261). The clean water is sprayed into the inner wall of the filter cartridge through the fan-shaped nozzle (265) of the spray pipe (264), washing away the impurities trapped on the filter screen and realizing the self-cleaning of the filter cartridge. S7. When a microbial filter is used: Aquaculture wastewater enters the shell (31) through inlet C, first flows through the lower digestion filter bag (33) to complete primary filtration, solid impurity interception and preliminary degradation of ammonia nitrogen in the water, and then flows through the upper nitrification decomposition bag (34) to complete deep nitrification reaction and degrade harmful substances such as nitrite in the water; at the same time, special bacterial solution is precisely dripped into the nitrification decomposition bag (34) and digestion filter bag (33) through the outer liquid pipe and inner liquid pipe of the bacterial solution dripping pipe (37) to maintain the activity of microbial community in the bag and ensure water purification efficiency; the aeration component at the bottom of the shell continuously aerates to provide sufficient oxygen for microbial nitrification and digestion reaction; Self-circulating purification process: The purified water or nitrified water in the collection pipe (263) is transported to the inlet drive pipe (2) of the ecological aquaculture pond through the circulating water pipeline (28) to replenish the aquaculture water body, realize the in-situ purification and closed-loop recycling of aquaculture wastewater, reduce the amount of fresh water replenishment throughout the process, and maintain the stability of water quality in the pond. S8. Water quality maintenance and harvesting: During the aquaculture period, adjust the operating power of the propeller (9), the start frequency of the backwash system and the backwashing time of the self-cleaning vertical flow sedimentation filter according to the growth stage of the fish and the changes in water quality, so as to ensure the stable operation of the recirculating aquaculture system until the fish reach the harvest standard and are harvested.

Images