A circulating purification structure of fish pond combining with bottom water diversion and bacteria bed

Abstract

The application provides a fish pond circulating purification structure combining with bottom water diversion and bacteria bed, which comprises a diversion structure and a bacteria bed structure layer; the diversion structure comprises a submersible pump, a main pipeline and a plurality of branch pipelines; the plurality of branch pipelines are communicated with the main pipeline; the submersible pump is connected with one side of the main pipeline; the submersible pump is connected with a water outlet pipe which is perpendicular to the main pipeline; the water outlet pipe extends above the water surface of the fish pond; a plurality of through holes are orderly and uniformly distributed on both sides of the branch pipelines in the horizontal direction except the branch pipelines at both ends; a plurality of through holes are orderly and uniformly distributed on the opposite sides of the branch pipelines at both ends of the main pipeline; the bacteria bed structure layer is arranged above the main pipeline and the plurality of branch pipelines and the gaps therebetween. The technical problems of limited purification area at the bottom of the existing fish pond, difficult elimination of dead water area and poor driving effect of the bottom sediment are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture and water feature engineering technology, specifically to a fish pond circulation and purification structure that combines bottom water diversion with a bacterial bed. Background Technology

[0002] In aquaculture environments such as fish ponds and ornamental fish ponds, water quality directly affects the healthy growth of aquatic organisms. During the aquaculture process, the excrement and uneaten feed produced by fish decompose in the water, generating harmful substances such as ammonia, nitrogen, nitrates, and nitrites, which can seriously endanger the survival of aquatic life. Therefore, maintaining clean and stable water quality is one of the key issues in aquaculture.

[0003] Currently, some self-circulating water purification systems are available on the market for fishpond water purification. For example, a self-circulating water purification system (CN120323397A) is disclosed in the prior art, which includes a breeding space and a self-circulating purification system. The self-circulating purification system includes a flow guide box, a water pump, an anti-clogging cotton layer, and a control device. The flow guide box is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the breeding space. A permeable flow guide plate, communicating with the inner cavity of the flow guide box, is formed on the top of the flow guide box. The anti-clogging cotton layer is located on the upper surface of the permeable flow guide plate, and a bacterial bed layer is laid on the upper surface of the anti-clogging cotton layer. Several perforations are evenly distributed on the surface of the permeable flow guide plate. Several baffles are arranged along the length of the flow guide plate between its lower surface and the bottom of the inner cavity of the flow guide box, thus dividing the inner cavity of the flow guide box into multiple flow channels. The water pump is installed on one side of the inner cavity of the flow guide box, and its outlet extends out of the upper surface of the bacterial bed layer. This solution achieves biological filtration through water circulation and has a certain water purification effect.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned existing technical solutions have the following shortcomings:

[0005] First, the solution uses a diversion box as a water collection and diversion unit. The size of the diversion box is relatively fixed, and the effective filtration area of ​​the top bacterial bed layer is limited by the top opening area of ​​the diversion box. For large-area fish ponds, a single diversion box is difficult to cover the entire bottom of the pond, resulting in a large number of stagnant water areas at the bottom of the fish pond and uneven purification effect.

[0006] Secondly, in this scheme, the water flow is mainly a vertical downward infiltration movement, meaning that the aquaculture water seeps vertically downwards from above the bacterial bed layer, passes through the bacterial bed layer and the infiltration guide plate, and then enters the guide box. This water flow method has a weak ability to horizontally displace sediment (such as fish excrement and uneaten feed) deposited at the bottom of the fish pond. The sediment tends to accumulate on the surface of the bacterial bed layer or in the gaps between the bacterial bed layers, and long-term accumulation may actually become a source of pollution.

[0007] Third, the solution sets up an anti-clogging cotton layer between the bacterial bed layer and the permeation guide plate. Although this can prevent large particles from clogging the leaks, the anti-clogging cotton layer itself is prone to clogging after a period of use and needs to be cleaned or replaced regularly, which increases the cost of use and maintenance.

[0008] To address the shortcomings of the existing technologies, this invention provides a fishpond circulation and purification structure that combines bottom water diversion with a bacterial bed, thereby solving the technical problems of limited bottom purification area, difficulty in eliminating stagnant water zones, and poor removal of bottom sediment in existing fishponds. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing fish pond bottom water purification structures, such as limited effective filtration area, difficulty in eliminating dead water areas, and poor effect on removing bottom sediment. The present invention provides a fish pond circulation purification structure that can be uniformly deployed over a large area at the bottom of the fish pond, effectively reduce dead water areas, and enhance the active removal effect of bottom sediment.

[0010] This invention provides a fishpond circulation and purification structure that combines bottom water diversion and a bacterial bed, including a diversion structure and a bacterial bed structure layer;

[0011] The flow guiding structure includes a submersible pump, a main pipe, and multiple branch pipes. All branch pipes are connected to the main pipe. The submersible pump is connected to one side of the main pipe and has an outlet pipe perpendicular to the main pipe, which extends above the surface of the fishpond. Except for the branch pipes at both ends, the other branch pipes have multiple through holes evenly distributed on both sides of the horizontal direction. The branch pipes at both ends of the main pipe also have multiple through holes evenly distributed on opposite sides.

[0012] The substrate structure layer is configured to cover the main pipe and the multiple branch pipes, as well as the gaps between them.

[0013] Preferably, the substrate structure layer is made of granite, stream stone, pebbles, coral stone, volcanic rock, ceramic rings, or ceramic fragments.

[0014] Preferably, the substrate structure layer also contains maifanite particles or activated carbon.

[0015] Preferably, the multiple branch pipes are connected to the main pipe in a comb-like pattern.

[0016] Preferably, the diameter of the through hole is 1 to 10 mm.

[0017] Preferably, the total number of through holes per square meter of the fishpond area is 10–100.

[0018] Preferably, all of the multiple branch pipes are made of PVC, PPR, PE or PP.

[0019] Preferably, the thickness of the mushroom bed structure layer is set to 10-200cm.

[0020] Preferably, the mushroom bed structure layer includes, from top to bottom, an upper mushroom bed layer, a plastic film, and a lower mushroom bed layer laid out sequentially, with the upper mushroom bed layer and the lower mushroom bed layer separated by the plastic film; the plastic film has a plurality of filter holes; the average particle size of the filling material in the upper mushroom bed layer is larger than the average particle size of the filling material in the lower mushroom bed layer.

[0021] Preferably, the pore size of the filter is 1 mm, and its pore density increases from the side near the water outlet pipe to the side far from the water outlet pipe.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. This invention constructs a bottom-level pipe network by setting up a horizontally arranged main pipe and multiple branch pipes. A submersible pump is directly installed at the end of the main pipe and extends above the water surface through the outlet pipe. When the submersible pump is running, a negative pressure is formed inside the main pipe and branch pipes. Water from the bottom of the fish pond is drawn into the pipes through the through holes on the branch pipes, and then lifted to the surface and discharged through the main pipe and outlet pipe, forming a continuous "bottom suction → surface discharge" circulation path. This allows the water at the bottom of the fish pond to be actively sucked and circulated, effectively solving the problem in the prior art that it is difficult to actively remove bottom sediment by relying solely on vertical water infiltration.

[0024] 2. The multiple branch pipes of the present invention are evenly arranged at the bottom of the fish pond in a fishbone or comb shape, and the bacterial bed layer covers the top of the pipes and the gaps between them, so that the bacterial bed layer can cover most of the bottom area of ​​the fish pond. Compared with the limited filtration area of ​​the flow guide box structure in the prior art, the present invention achieves a near-full coverage of the bottom of the fish pond for biochemical filtration, effectively reducing the dead water area.

[0025] 3. This invention optimizes the arrangement of the through holes in the branch pipes: branch pipes located in the middle section of the main pipe have through holes on both sides along the horizontal direction, while branch pipes located at both ends of the main pipe have through holes only on the opposite side. This directional arrangement makes the suction force of the through holes at different positions of each branch pipe more balanced, avoiding the problem of excessive suction at both ends and insufficient suction in the middle, ensuring uniform water circulation in all areas of the fishpond bottom, and further eliminating dead zones.

[0026] 4. This invention, by limiting the orifice diameter to 1-10mm, ensures sufficient water flow while preventing fish fry or larger particles from entering the pipe system. This eliminates the need for an additional anti-clogging cotton layer, reducing maintenance costs and the risk of blockage. Furthermore, by controlling the total number of orifices per square meter of fishpond area to a density of 10-100, and through experimental optimization, this design maintains the pipe structure's strength while ensuring sufficient water absorption, preventing insufficient strength in the pipe wall due to excessive orifices.

[0027] 5. The upper bacterial bed layer uses larger particle size filling material as a primary filtration layer, which can distribute the water flow to a greater extent and initially intercept large suspended particles in the water; the lower bacterial bed layer uses smaller particle size filling material as a fine filtration layer, which can perform more detailed physical filtration of the water flow. At the same time, beneficial microorganisms such as nitrifying bacteria can be attached to both the upper and lower layers, realizing the zoning of the bacterial bed. This layered structure avoids the defects of traditional single-layer bacterial beds, where larger particles of material settle and clog at the bottom, and smaller particles of material are washed away by the water flow, thus improving the overall purification efficiency of the biological filter layer.

[0028] 6. The filter holes on the plastic membrane are designed with a pore size of 1mm, and the pore density increases progressively from the side near the outlet pipe to the side far from the outlet pipe. Because the water pressure and flow rate are typically higher near the outlet pipe when the submersible pump is drawing water, while the water pressure is relatively lower on the side far from the outlet pipe, the progressively denser pores balance the horizontal pressure difference, allowing the water flow to penetrate more evenly into the lower bacterial bed layer. This avoids localized short-circuiting or dead zones, thus fully utilizing the purification capacity of the entire bacterial bed layer. Simultaneously, the small 1mm pore size effectively prevents larger particles from penetrating from the upper bacterial bed layer to the lower layer, maintaining the stability of the interlayer structure.

[0029] 7. Due to the different particle sizes of the upper and lower bacterial bed layers and the separation by a perforated plastic membrane, water is filtered layer by layer. Most large particles are trapped in the upper layer, while only finer suspended matter enters the lower layer. This gradient filtration method reduces the clogging rate of the bottom fine filter layer, thereby extending the backwashing cycle of the entire bacterial bed layer and reducing the frequency and workload of daily maintenance and cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the flow guiding structure.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the bacterial bed structure.

[0033] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: fish pond 10, submersible pump 11, branch pipe 12, bacterial bed structure layer 14, main pipe 15, outlet pipe 16, through hole 17, upper bacterial bed layer 21, plastic film 19, lower bacterial bed layer 18, and filter hole 20. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0035] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a fish pond circulation and purification structure that combines bottom water diversion and a bacterial bed, including a diversion structure and a bacterial bed structure layer 14.

[0037] The flow guiding structure includes a submersible pump 11, a main pipe 15, and multiple branch pipes 12. All branch pipes are connected to the main pipe, and the ends of each branch pipe away from the main pipe 15 are sealed. The submersible pump 11 is connected to one side of the main pipe 15 and is connected to an outlet pipe 16 perpendicular to the main pipe 15. The outlet pipe 16 extends above the water surface of the fishpond 10 to lift and discharge water drawn in from the bottom to the surface, forming a circulation.

[0038] Branch pipes 12 are arranged at orderly intervals along the length of the main pipe 15, with multiple branch pipes 12 arranged horizontally in a comb-like layout. Except for the branch pipes 12 at both ends, the other branch pipes 12 have multiple through holes 17 evenly distributed on both sides of the horizontal direction; the branch pipes 12 at both ends of the main pipe 15 also have multiple through holes 17 evenly distributed on opposite sides. That is, the branch pipes 12 in the middle section have holes on both sides, while the branch pipes 12 at both ends have holes on only one side (facing the middle). This directional arrangement ensures a more balanced suction at the through holes 17 of each branch pipe 12 during submersible pump 11 operation, avoiding uneven water intake (strong at both ends, weak in the middle). The diameter of the through holes 17 is preferably 1–10 mm. Within this range, sufficient water intake is ensured while preventing fish fry and larger particles from entering the pipes and causing blockages. Experiments have verified that the total number of through holes 17 per square meter of fishpond area is controlled between 10 and 100, balancing water intake efficiency and pipe structural strength.

[0039] The bacterial bed structure layer is configured as bacterial bed structure layer 14, which covers the main pipe 15 and multiple branch pipes 12, as well as the gaps between the pipes. The bacterial bed structure layer 14 is laid by layering preferred materials over the pipes, forming a continuous biological filtration layer at the bottom of the pool. The material of the bacterial bed structure layer 14 can be any one of granite, stream stone, pebbles, coral stone, volcanic rock, porous stone, ceramic rings, or ceramic fragments. These materials are rich in pores and have a large specific surface area, which is conducive to the attachment of microorganisms (aerobic bacteria such as nitrifying bacteria) to form a bacterial film. More preferably, maifanite particles or activated carbon can be mixed into the bacterial bed structure layer 14 to utilize the adsorption properties of maifanite and activated carbon to assist in the removal of organic matter, odors, and trace harmful substances from the water.

[0040] The multiple branch pipes 12 are all made of PVC, PPR, PE or PP, with PVC being the preferred material. PVC has good corrosion resistance, sufficient structural strength, and is inexpensive, easy to process and install, making it suitable for long-term use in fish ponds.

[0041] The working principle of this invention is as follows: After the submersible pump 11 is started, a negative pressure is formed inside the main pipe 15 and each branch pipe 12. The water at the bottom of the fish pond is sucked into the pipe through the through hole 17 opened on the branch pipe 12. The sucked water is collected along the branch pipe 12 to the main pipe 15, and then lifted to the surface and discharged through the submersible pump 11 and the outlet pipe 16.

[0042] Throughout the entire circulation process, the water at the bottom of the fishpond undergoes a biochemical filtration reaction as it flows through the bacterial bed structure layer 14: the nitrifying bacteria and other microorganisms attached to the surface of the bacterial bed structure layer 14 use harmful substances such as ammonia, nitrogen, and nitrite in the water as nutrients to metabolize them and convert them into low-toxic or non-toxic substances, thereby achieving water purification and ecological balance.

[0043] Because the bacterial bed structure layer 14 covers the gaps between the pipes, the bottom water must first pass through the bacterial bed structure layer 14 for filtration before being sucked into the through hole 17. Therefore, the water flowing through the bacterial bed structure layer 14 is more evenly distributed relative to the bottom of the entire fish pond, effectively reducing the dead water area and ensuring that the bacterial community can receive a comprehensive and stable supply of nutrients, thereby maintaining good water purification capabilities for a long time.

[0044] Meanwhile, because the present invention adopts a horizontal pipe network structure, the water at the bottom of the pond does not simply rely on gravity to seep down. Instead, under the suction force of the submersible pump, the water moves horizontally from various parts of the bottom of the fish pond towards the through hole 17. This water flow can actively drive the sediment at the bottom of the pond to move towards the through hole 17, making it easier to suck excrement and uneaten food into the pipe system and discharge them to the surface, effectively reducing bottom sediment pollution.

[0045] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the bacterial bed structure layer 14 can be set as needed, generally 10-200cm. A thicker bacterial bed layer can accommodate more microorganisms and improve biochemical filtration efficiency, but excessive thickness will also increase water flow resistance. The specific thickness can be adjusted according to the load of the fish pond and actual needs.

[0046] In practical applications, the flow guiding structure and the bacterial bed structure layer 14 of this invention are laid at the bottom of the fish pond, and the power supply of the submersible pump 11 is connected to the control device, and it can then be put into use. Under the continuous circulation and purification effect of this system, the water in the fish pond can maintain good water quality without frequent water changes, providing a healthy living environment for aquariums.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the mushroom bed structure layer 14 includes, from top to bottom, an upper mushroom bed layer 21, a plastic film 19, and a lower mushroom bed layer 18, which are sequentially laid out. The upper mushroom bed layer 21 and the lower mushroom bed layer 18 are separated by the plastic film 19. The plastic film 19 has a plurality of filter holes 20. The average particle size of the filling material in the upper mushroom bed layer 21 is larger than the average particle size of the filling material in the lower mushroom bed layer 18. The pore size of the filter holes 20 is 1 mm, and its pore density increases from the side near the water outlet pipe 16 to the side far from the water outlet pipe 16.

[0048] The embodiments described above merely illustrate the optimal implementation of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fishpond circulation and purification structure combining bottom water diversion and a bacterial bed, characterized in that, Including the flow guiding structure and the culture bed structure layer (14); The flow guiding structure includes a submersible pump (11), a main pipe (15), and multiple branch pipes (12). The multiple branch pipes (12) are all connected to the main pipe (15). The submersible pump (11) is connected to one side of the main pipe (15). The submersible pump (11) is connected to a water outlet pipe (16) perpendicular to the main pipe (15). The water outlet pipe (16) extends above the surface of the fishpond. Except for the branch pipes (12) at both ends, the other branch pipes (12) have multiple through holes (17) evenly distributed on both sides of the horizontal direction. The branch pipes (12) at both ends of the main pipe (15) have multiple through holes (17) evenly distributed on the opposite side. The substrate structure layer is configured to cover the main pipe (15) and the multiple branch pipes (12) and the gaps between them.

2. The fishpond circulation and purification structure combining bottom water diversion and bacterial bed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate structure layer (14) is made of granite, stream stone, pebble, coral stone, volcanic rock, ceramic ring or ceramic fragments.

3. The fishpond circulation and purification structure combining bottom water diversion and bacterial bed as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The substrate structure layer (14) also contains maifanite particles or activated carbon.

4. A fishpond circulation and purification structure combining bottom water diversion and bacterial bed as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The multiple branch pipes (12) are connected to the main pipe (15) in a comb-like manner.

5. The fishpond circulation and purification structure combining bottom water diversion and bacterial bed as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the through hole (17) is 1 to 10 mm.

6. The fishpond circulation and purification structure combining bottom water diversion and bacterial bed as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The total number of through holes per square meter of the fishpond area is 10–100.

7. The fishpond circulation and purification structure combining bottom water diversion and bacterial bed as described in claim 4, characterized in that: All of the aforementioned branch pipes (12) are made of PVC, PPR, PE or PP.

8. The fishpond circulation and purification structure combining bottom water diversion and bacterial bed as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the mushroom bed structure layer is set to 10-200cm.

9. A fishpond circulation and purification structure combining bottom water diversion and bacterial bed as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The mushroom bed structure layer (14) includes, from top to bottom, an upper mushroom bed layer (21), a plastic film (19), and a lower mushroom bed layer (18) laid out sequentially. The upper mushroom bed layer (21) and the lower mushroom bed layer (18) are separated by the plastic film (19). The plastic film (19) has a plurality of filter holes (20). The average particle size of the filling material of the upper mushroom bed layer (21) is larger than the average particle size of the filling material of the lower mushroom bed layer (18).

10. The fishpond circulation and purification structure combining bottom water diversion and bacterial bed as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The filter hole (20) has a diameter of 1 mm and its pore density increases from the side near the water outlet pipe (16) to the side far from the water outlet pipe (16).

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