Agricultural field protection device and method of protection

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of farmland protection equipment, in particular to a farmland protection device and a protection method thereof. The device comprises a shell, a main control box, an ultrasonic transducer, a horn, a loudspeaker, a light sensing probe, a red and blue flashing light, a volatile bin, a solar photovoltaic panel and a lead-acid battery. The light sensing probe detects the light intensity in real time and transmits the light intensity to the main control box. The main control box selects one of five working modes according to the light intensity and scene parameters: daytime mode one controls the ultrasonic transducer to work; daytime mode two controls the ultrasonic transducer and the loudspeaker to work; night mode one controls the ultrasonic transducer and the red and blue flashing light to work; night mode two controls the red and blue flashing light and the loudspeaker to work; and the strong working mode controls all the three to work. The application realizes the accurate adaptation of the protection strategy to the actual environment demand of the farmland.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of farmland protection equipment technology, specifically a farmland protection device and its protection method. Background Technology

[0002] Wild animal pests in farmland have long been a challenge for agricultural production. Wild boars, rats, and other harmful animals gnaw on crop roots and stems, dig up seedlings, and steal ripe fruit, causing not only direct yield losses but also potentially damaging soil and water structure, spreading rodent-borne diseases, and seriously threatening agricultural economic benefits. To effectively repel these pests, various protective devices have emerged. Existing protective devices typically employ one or more of the following methods in combination: ultrasound, strong sound, strong light, vibration sensing, and even electric shock pulses. For example, Chinese patent CN201720142308.9 discloses a solar-powered wild boar deterrent device for mountainous areas. Powered by a solar thin-film battery, it uses a drive motor to control the rotation of a rotating shell, which in turn rotates the solar-powered LED lights and LED strips to illuminate the area, thus deterring wild boars with light. Chinese patent CN201811041703.3 discloses a bird deterrent system for orchards, which acquires images of crop planting areas through an information collection device, identifies and judges whether birds are harmful, and triggers a deterrent signal when harmful birds are confirmed, thereby achieving differentiated and precise deterrence of birds.

[0003] However, existing protective equipment lacks the ability to adapt to different application scenarios. Specifically, existing equipment can typically only switch between basic scenarios such as daytime, nighttime, or early morning and evening, failing to meet the needs of more diverse scenarios. For example, it cannot adapt to whether the equipment is near residential areas; when the protective equipment is too close to residential areas, voice-activated protection methods can cause noise pollution to residents' rest at night. It also cannot flexibly adjust based on the presence of workers in the fields; high-decibel protection methods during the day can negatively impact the physical and mental health of field workers. Furthermore, existing equipment typically employs fixed protection strategies during the day and night, failing to fully utilize the differentiated effects of different protection methods at different times, resulting in low protection efficiency or high energy consumption.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a farmland protection device and its protection method that can make adaptive adjustments according to the needs of different working scenarios, so as to achieve precise adaptation between protection strategies and the actual environmental needs of farmland. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above technical problems, this invention provides a farmland protection device and its protection method, which can make adaptive adjustments according to different working scenarios, achieving precise matching between protection strategies and the actual environmental needs of farmland.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a farmland protection device, comprising a housing, a main control box installed inside the housing, an ultrasonic transducer, an AC power supply and an adapter installed below the main control box, a lead-acid battery installed at the bottom of the housing, several louvered windows opened on the side of the housing, evaporation chambers installed on both sides of the lead-acid battery, a horn installed on one side of the housing, the horn corresponding to the position of the louvered windows, a light sensor installed on the outer side of the housing, a solar photovoltaic panel and red and blue strobe lights installed on the top of the housing, the solar photovoltaic panel charging the lead-acid battery through a photovoltaic charging controller, and an ultrasonic transducer, an AC power supply and an adapter installed inside the main control box. The device includes a main circuit board, a power indicator board, a red and blue light circuit board, and a wireless control device. The main circuit board is communicatively connected to the power indicator board, the red and blue light circuit board, and the wireless control device. The photosensitive probe is communicatively connected to the main circuit board via an analog-to-digital converter and provides the main circuit board with a light intensity signal. The red and blue strobe light is controlled by the red and blue light circuit board. The ultrasonic transducer and the speaker are controlled by the main circuit board. The lead-acid battery is electrically connected to the AC power supply and the adapter. The lead-acid battery is also electrically connected to and supplies power to the main circuit board, the power indicator board, the red and blue light circuit board, the wireless control device, the ultrasonic transducer, the speaker, and the red and blue strobe light.

[0007] Furthermore, a horn is installed on the other side of the housing. The horn is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic transducer and makes the sound waves generated by the ultrasonic transducer propagate more concentrated in one direction, thereby enhancing the sound pressure within the effective range.

[0008] Furthermore, a remote control antenna is installed on the top of the housing. The remote control antenna is used to receive signals from the remote control and transmit the signals to the wireless control device. The wireless control device then transmits the processed signals to the main circuit board.

[0009] Furthermore, a cabinet door is installed on one side of the housing via a two-fold pull rod.

[0010] Furthermore, a cutting support is installed at the bottom of the housing.

[0011] A protection method based on the above-mentioned farmland protection device, characterized by the following steps:

[0012] S1. The above-mentioned farmland protection devices are set at intervals along the edge of the crop planting area, with an interval of no more than 50 meters, and the farmland protection device is at least 1.5 meters away from the nearest crop.

[0013] S2. Activate the farmland protection device and put the farmland protection device into standby mode;

[0014] S3. The light sensor detects the light intensity every 20-30 seconds.

[0015] The main control box controls the ultrasonic transducer to work, while the speaker and red and blue flashing lights do not work. This working mode is daytime mode one.

[0016] The main control box controls the operation of the ultrasonic transducer and the speaker, while the red and blue flashing lights do not work. This working mode is daytime mode two.

[0017] The main control box controls the ultrasonic transducer and the red and blue flashing lights to work, while the speaker does not work. This working mode is night mode one.

[0018] The main control box controls the red and blue flashing lights and the speaker to work, while the ultrasonic transducer does not work. This working mode is night mode two.

[0019] The main control box controls the red and blue strobe lights, the speaker, and the ultrasonic transducer to work. This working mode is the strong working mode.

[0020] When the farmland protection device is near a residential area or when there are workers in the field, and the detected light intensity is ≥500 lux, the main control box controls the farmland protection device to switch to daytime mode one; when the detected light intensity is ≤300 lux, the main control box controls the farmland protection device to switch to nighttime mode one.

[0021] When the farmland protection device is far from residential areas or there are no workers in the fields, and the detected light intensity is ≥500 lux, the main control box controls the farmland protection device to switch to daytime mode two; when the detected light intensity is ≤300 lux, the main control box controls the farmland protection device to switch to nighttime mode two.

[0022] When the detected light intensity is between 300 lux and 500 lux, the current system state remains unchanged.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. This invention uses a light sensor to detect light intensity in real time. Combined with information such as the device's placement location and the presence of workers in the field, the main control box selectively controls the ultrasonic transducer, horn, and red-blue strobe lights to work together or individually. This achieves precise adaptation of the protection strategy to the actual environmental needs of farmland, avoiding unnecessary noise pollution and energy waste. The ultrasonic transducer, horn, and red-blue strobe lights, in conjunction with the various irritating gases emitted from the evaporation chamber, provide multiple forms of protection, increasing the protective effect.

[0025] 2. This invention combines an ultrasonic transducer with a horn, using the horn to concentrate the ultrasonic waves in one direction, effectively increasing the sound pressure within the effective range and improving the efficiency of ultrasonic protection. Simultaneously, louvered windows on the side of the casing ensure normal sound wave propagation while also providing rain protection. By employing a multi-mode power supply combining solar photovoltaic panels, lead-acid batteries, and external charging, the solar photovoltaic panels provide power and charge the lead-acid batteries during periods of ample sunshine, while the lead-acid batteries provide power at night or on cloudy days, achieving energy self-sufficiency. This makes it suitable for use in farmland, orchards, and other outdoor locations without electricity supply, offering energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages. Remote control via a remote control antenna allows users to switch modes and adjust parameters without approaching the equipment, greatly facilitating daily management and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a front view of the internal structure.

[0028] Figure 3 For control logic flow diagram.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply structure.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Housing, 2. Main control box, 3. Solar photovoltaic panel, 4. Red and blue strobe light, 5. Lead-acid battery, 6. Ultrasonic transducer, 7. AC power supply and adapter, 8. Horn, 9. Speaker, 10. Remote control antenna, 11. Light sensor, 12. Louvered window, 13. Insert bracket, 14. Two-fold pull rod, 15. Evaporation chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 5 The illustrated farmland protection device includes a housing 1 and a remote control. The housing 1 is made of metal or high-strength engineering plastic, possessing good weather resistance and protective performance, and can adapt to the harsh outdoor working environment of farmland. In this embodiment, stainless steel is used.

[0034] The main control box 2 is installed inside the housing 1. The main control box 2 contains the main circuit board, power indicator board, red and blue light circuit board and wireless control device. In this embodiment, the main circuit board is mainly composed of STM8S003F3, PT8830, LM386, and NE555. The STM8S003F3 is an 8-bit microcontroller (MCU), responsible for receiving sensor signals, performing logical judgments, and controlling the coordinated operation of sound and light protection modules. The PT8830 is a voice recording and playback integrated circuit, capable of recording a sound, such as various predator calls or startled sounds. Its connection is as follows: the VDD pin of the PT8830 is connected to a +5V power supply, and the GND pin is connected to the power ground. The PLAY pin (playback trigger) of the PT8830 is connected to a general-purpose I / O port of the STM8S003F3 (such as PB0), and playback is controlled by the MCU. The REC pin (recording trigger) of the PT8830 is connected to an external button interface for recording bird-repelling audio. The SPK+ and SPK- pins of the PT8830 are audio signal output terminals, connected to the input terminals of an audio power amplifier. The LM386 is a low-voltage audio power amplifier integrated circuit. Audio signals are input to the LM386 from the PT8830. An external speaker 9 is connected to the LM386 to perform voice protection. The connection is as follows: Pin 3 (non-inverting input) of the LM386 is connected to the SPK+ pin of the PT8830 through a 10kΩ potentiometer (volume control); pin 2 (inverting input) is grounded; pin 6 (VCC) of the LM386 is connected to a +12V power supply; pin 4 (GND) is grounded; pin 5 (VOUT) is connected to the positive terminal of speaker 9 through a 220μF coupling capacitor; the negative terminal of speaker 9 is grounded; a 10μF capacitor and a 10kΩ resistor are connected in series between pins 1 and 8 to adjust the gain from the default 20x to 200x. The NE555, as an astable multivibrator, is used to limit current and match resonance. Its connection is as follows: pins 4 (reset) and 8 (VCC) of the NE555 are connected to a +5V power supply; pin 1 (GND) is grounded; pin 2 (trigger) and pin 6 (threshold) are shorted and connected to pin 7 (discharge) through a 10kΩ resistor, and simultaneously grounded through a 2200pF capacitor, forming an astable multivibrator; pin 3 (output) serves as the auxiliary signal output terminal and is connected to the spare input port of the main circuit board. The wireless control device mainly receives infrared control signals from the remote control to realize remote control functions, remotely controlling the switch of the protector and changing its operating mode. In this embodiment, the wireless control device uses an infrared remote control receiver head of model VSOP38338, with a center receiving frequency of 38kHz.The VCC pin of the VSOP38338 is connected to a +5V power supply, the GND pin is connected to ground, and the OUT pin (signal output) is connected to the PC6 pin (SPI_MOSI) of the STM8S003F3 to transmit the decoded remote control command to the MCU via SPI communication. The remote control antenna 10 is mounted on the top of the housing 1 and electrically connected to the input of the VSOP38338 to enhance the reception sensitivity of the remote control signal. The power indicator board consists of the ADC pin of the microcontroller (MCU), voltage divider resistors, several LEDs, and transistor / MOSFET switches. The MCU reads the battery voltage via the ADC and calculates the charge level, then controls the lighting or extinguishing of different LEDs to display the charge level. Alternatively, a commercially available battery power indicator board with indicator lights can be purchased and connected to the battery as an independent module. For example, the A0049 power indicator board is commonly used in 12V lithium battery packs and displays the charge level using four LEDs (red → orange → yellow → green). This embodiment uses the second method. The VCC pin of the power indicator board is connected to the positive output terminal of the lead-acid battery 5 (via a fuse), and the GND pin is connected to the power ground. The four LED indicators are installed inside the cabinet door of housing 1 or at the opening on the side wall of housing 1 for easy external observation by the user. The red and blue LED circuit board is used to control the operation of the red and blue strobe lights 4. The red and blue LED circuit board is a PCB board that integrates the main control chip interface, LED driver circuit, power switching components, red and blue LED groups, and power management circuit. The specific connection relationships are as follows: the power input terminal (VCC) of the red and blue LED circuit board is connected to the +12V power supply, and the GND terminal is connected to the power ground; the I2C interface (SCL, SDA pins) of the red and blue LED circuit board is connected to the PB4 and PB5 pins of the STM8S003F3 respectively, and receives control commands sent by the MCU through the I2C bus; the output terminals (LED_R+, LED_R-, LED_B+, LED_B-) of the red and blue LED circuit board are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the red LED group and the blue LED group of the red and blue strobe light 4 respectively. In this embodiment, the red and blue strobe light 4 is installed on the top of the housing 1, using 4 high-brightness red LED beads and 4 high-brightness blue LED beads. The rated current of the LED beads is 20mA to 50mA. The red and blue LED circuit board controls the LED beads to flash alternately at a frequency of 1Hz to 3Hz through MOSFET in PWM mode.

[0035] The ultrasonic transducer 6 and AC power supply and adapter 7 are installed below the main control box 2. The ultrasonic transducer 6 uses a piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer with a center frequency of 16kHz to 25kHz. It is used to convert electrical signals into high-frequency sound waves to drive away harmful animals. It generates a PWM signal through an STM8S003F3, which is then amplified by a PA141 circuit to drive the ultrasonic transducer 6. The PA141 is a power amplifier chip, and its connection is as follows: the non-inverting input terminal (+IN) of the PA141 is connected to the PWM output pin (Pin13) of the STM8S003F3 through a 1kΩ resistor. PD2); The inverting input terminal (-IN) of PA141 is grounded through a 10kΩ resistor and simultaneously connected to its output terminal (VOUT) through a 100kΩ feedback resistor, forming a negative feedback amplifier circuit with a gain of approximately 11 times; the positive power supply terminal (V+) of PA141 is connected to a +12V power supply, and the negative power supply terminal (V-) is connected to a -12V power supply (or grounded); the output terminal (VOUT) of PA141 is connected to the two electrodes of the ultrasonic transducer 6 through a coupling transformer (step-up transformer T1). Specifically, the output terminal of PA141 is connected to one end of the primary winding of transformer T1, and the other end of the primary winding of transformer T1 is grounded; the two ends of the secondary winding of transformer T1 are respectively connected to the two electrodes of the ultrasonic transducer 6, and the center tap of the secondary winding is left floating. The turns ratio of transformer T1 is preferably 1:5 to 1:10, used to boost the AC voltage output by PA141 to the operating voltage required by the transducer (approximately 50V to 100V). The AC power supply and adapter 7 is used to power the equipment when mains power is available, and to rectify, filter, and regulate the input power. A lead-acid battery 5 is installed at the bottom of the casing 1. The rated voltage of the lead-acid battery 5 is 12V, and its rated capacity is 20Ah to 40Ah. The positive output terminal of the lead-acid battery 5 is connected to the positive terminal of the photovoltaic charging controller via a 20A fuse, and simultaneously connected to the +12V power supply bus of each electrical component of the equipment; the negative terminal of the lead-acid battery 5 is connected to the negative terminal of the photovoltaic charging controller, and simultaneously connected to the power ground. The lead-acid battery 5 serves as an energy storage device, providing power to the equipment when there is no mains power supply or insufficient solar energy. A solar photovoltaic panel 3 is installed on the top of the casing 1. The solar photovoltaic panel 3 uses monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic panels, with a rated power of 20W to 50W, an open-circuit voltage of 18V to 22V, and an operating voltage of 12V. The positive and negative output terminals of the solar photovoltaic panel 3 are connected to the photovoltaic input terminals (PV+, PV-) of the photovoltaic charging controller via two wires. The photovoltaic charging controller is installed inside the housing 1 to protect the lead-acid battery 5 and ensure the safe and stable operation of the system. In this embodiment, the photovoltaic charging controller is a PWM type solar charging controller with a system voltage of 12V and a rated charging current of 5A to 10A.The battery terminals (BAT+, BAT-) of the photovoltaic charging controller are connected to the positive and negative terminals of lead-acid battery 5, respectively; the load terminals (LOAD+, LOAD-) are connected to the power supply bus of each electrical component of the equipment.

[0036] Both sides of the lead-acid battery 5 are equipped with evaporation chambers 15. The evaporation chambers 15 can be filled with substances containing irritating, pungent, or predator pheromones that animals dislike, used to target predators with a keen sense of smell, such as wild boars, rats, and rabbits. These substances include essential oils such as peppermint and artemisia, as well as commercially available repellents, to protect crops from damage. The irritating gases in the evaporation chambers 15 can be slowly released through the louvered windows 12. Workers can replace the chambers every 15-30 days depending on the evaporation rate. In this embodiment, the evaporation chambers 15 are filled with bottles containing essential oils such as peppermint and artemisia, and several evaporation rods are inserted into the bottles. The evaporation rods are made of high-density fiber rods with uniform pore distribution, resulting in fast and stable oil absorption and preventing fluctuations in fragrance intensity.

[0037] Several louvered windows 12 are provided on the left and right sides of the housing 1. The louvered windows 12 adopt an inclined blade structure, which not only ensures the normal propagation of sound waves and light, but also serves as a rainproof function. Horns 8 and horns 9 are installed on both sides inside the housing 1, corresponding to the positions of the louvered windows 12. The horn 8 has a horn-shaped structure, with its smaller end fixed to the vibrating surface of the ultrasonic transducer 6 by threaded connection or epoxy resin adhesive, and its larger end facing the louvered windows 12. The horn 8 is made of aluminum alloy with a smooth inner wall, used to concentrate the sound waves generated by the ultrasonic transducer 6 in one direction, enhancing the sound pressure within the effective range. The length and opening angle of the horn 8 are optimized according to the ultrasonic frequency (16kHz~25kHz). In this embodiment, the length of the horn 8 is 150mm~250mm, and the opening angle is 60°~90°. The horn 9 corresponds to the position of the louvered windows 12. Speaker 9 is a moving-coil audio loudspeaker with a rated power of 5W to 10W and an impedance of 4Ω to 8Ω. The two terminals of speaker 9 are connected to the output of the LM386 (via a 220μF coupling capacitor) and the power ground, respectively. Speaker 9 is used to play bird-scare audio signals recorded by the PT8830, such as predator calls and gunshots.

[0038] A light sensor 11 is mounted on one side of the outer casing 1. The light sensor 11 is used to detect ambient light intensity in real time. The light sensor 11 uses a photoresistor or photodiode as the photosensitive element, and its operating voltage is +5V. The signal output terminal of the light sensor 11 is connected to the PD5 pin (AIN5, ADC input channel 5) of the STM8S003F3 through a voltage divider circuit (the photoresistor and a fixed resistor are connected in series). Specifically, one end of the photoresistor is connected to +5V, and the other end is connected to ground in series with a 10kΩ fixed resistor. The intermediate node serves as the signal output terminal connected to the PD5 pin. The STM8S003F3 converts the analog voltage signal into a digital light intensity value through its internal 10-bit ADC, with a detection range covering 0–100,000 lux. A red and blue strobe light 4 and a remote control antenna 10 are also mounted on the top of the casing 1. The red-blue strobe light 4 is a transparent lampshade assembly containing 4 red LEDs and 4 blue LEDs (8 in total). All LEDs use a high-brightness piranha-shaped package with a rated power of 0.5W / LED. The red-blue strobe light 4 is electrically connected to the red-blue light circuit board via a four-core cable, with two cores for the red LED group (positive and negative) and two cores for the blue LED group (positive and negative). The red-blue light circuit board controls the red and blue LED groups to flash alternately at a frequency of 1Hz to 3Hz via a PWM signal. This dynamic light stimulates the visual nerves of animals, preventing them from approaching and protecting farmland. The remote control antenna 10 receives the wireless control signal from the remote control and transmits it to the wireless control device inside the main control box 2.

[0039] A cabinet door is installed on one side of the housing 1 via a two-fold pull rod 14, which allows users to easily open the housing 1 for internal inspection, battery replacement, and other maintenance operations. A cutting support 13 is installed at the bottom of the housing 1, which is used to fix the entire device in the farmland soil to ensure the stability of the device in the outdoor environment.

[0040] The farmland protection device of this invention has multiple power supply methods: In locations with mains power supply, it can be directly powered by an AC power supply and adapter 7. The AC input terminal of the AC power supply and adapter 7 is connected to the external mains power (AC 220V / 50Hz), and the DC output terminal (DC 12V) of the AC power supply and adapter 7 is connected in parallel with the positive output terminal of the lead-acid battery 5 through a diode (reverse polarity protection) to jointly power the various electrical components of the device. The AC power supply and adapter 7 is used to power the device when mains power is available, and to rectify, filter, and regulate the input power to output a stable DC 12V voltage. In farmland, orchards, and other locations without mains power supply, it can be powered by an off-grid power supply system composed of solar photovoltaic panels 3 and lead-acid batteries 5. When there is sufficient sunlight, the solar photovoltaic panels 3 simultaneously power the device and charge the lead-acid batteries 5. At night or on cloudy or rainy days, the lead-acid batteries 5 power the device, achieving uninterrupted operation around the clock.

[0041] The following is combined Figure 3 The control flow diagram shown below provides a detailed explanation of the protection method described in this invention.

[0042] The protection method of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0043] S1. Installation steps: The above-mentioned farmland protection devices are set at intervals along the edge of the crop planting area. The distance between two adjacent devices is no more than 50 meters, and each farmland protection device is no less than 1.5 meters away from the nearest crop to ensure that the protective sound waves and light signals can effectively cover the entire planting area, while avoiding physical damage to the crops caused by the devices.

[0044] S2. Start-up Procedure: Activate the farmland protection device to put it into standby mode. In standby mode, the main control box 2 continuously monitors the signal from the light sensor 11 and the remote control commands.

[0045] S3. Detection and Mode Selection Steps: The light sensor 11 detects the ambient light intensity every 20-30 seconds and transmits the detected light intensity signal to the main control box 2 in real time. The main control box 2 selects the appropriate protection mode based on the received light intensity signal and preset scene parameters (near / far from residential areas, whether there are / no workers in the field).

[0046] This invention has five working modes, as follows:

[0047] Daytime Mode 1: The main control box 2 controls the ultrasonic transducer 6 to work, while the speaker 9 and red / blue strobe lights 4 are not activated. This mode is suitable for daytime scenarios where the equipment is near residential areas or fields where workers are present. It uses only ultrasonic waves for protection, avoiding interference from the audio emitted by the speaker to residents or workers.

[0048] Daytime Mode 2: The main control box 2 controls the ultrasonic transducer 6 and the speaker 9 to work, while the red and blue flashing lights 4 are not activated. This mode is suitable for daytime scenarios where the equipment is far from residential areas and there are no workers in the fields. It uses both ultrasonic and audio protection, providing a high level of protection.

[0049] Night Mode 1: The main control box 2 controls the ultrasonic transducer 6 and the red and blue strobe lights 4 to work, while the speaker 9 remains inactive. This mode is suitable for nighttime scenarios where the equipment is near residential areas or fields where workers are present. It uses ultrasonic waves and red and blue strobe lights for protection, avoiding noise pollution from the speaker that could disturb residents' rest at night.

[0050] Night Mode 2: The main control box 2 controls the red and blue strobe lights 4 and the speaker 9 to operate, while the ultrasonic transducer 6 remains inactive. This mode is suitable for nighttime scenarios where the equipment is far from residential areas and there are no workers in the fields. It uses red and blue strobe lights and audio for protection, providing diverse protection methods to help prevent various harmful animals from developing adaptations.

[0051] High-intensity working mode: The main control box 2 controls the operation of the red and blue flashing lights 4, the horn 9, and the ultrasonic transducer 6. This mode is suitable for special situations where harmful animals are frequently active and conventional protection methods are ineffective. It achieves the strongest protective effect by using sound, light, and ultrasound simultaneously.

[0052] The specific logic for mode switching is as follows:

[0053] When the farmland protection device is near a residential area or when there are workers in the field, and the light sensor 11 detects a light intensity ≥ 500 lux, the main control box 2 controls the farmland protection device to switch to daytime mode one; when the detected light intensity is ≤ 300 lux, the main control box 2 controls the farmland protection device to switch to nighttime mode one.

[0054] When the farmland protection device is far from residential areas and there are no workers in the fields, and the light sensor 11 detects a light intensity ≥ 500 lux, the main control box 2 controls the farmland protection device to switch to daytime mode 2; when the detected light intensity is ≤ 300 lux, the main control box 2 controls the farmland protection device to switch to nighttime mode 2.

[0055] When the detected light intensity is between 300 lux and 500 lux, the main control box 2 controls the farmland protection device to maintain the current system state, that is, not to switch modes within this range. The setting of this "hysteresis range" effectively avoids frequent mode switching caused by small fluctuations in light intensity near the critical value of light intensity (such as at sunrise and sunset), ensuring the stability of the system operation.

[0056] In addition, users can send control signals to the remote control antenna 10 via the remote control. The remote control antenna 10 transmits the signals to the wireless control device, and the wireless control device transmits the processed signals to the main circuit board, thereby realizing remote mode switching, device power on / off and other operations.

[0057] It should be noted that the above light intensity thresholds (500 lux and 300 lux) are optimized values ​​derived from a large amount of measured data in farmland environments. In practical applications, users can also adjust the above thresholds appropriately through the programming interface of the main control box 2 according to the specific crop type, local sunshine conditions, and the activity patterns of harmful animals, in order to adapt to the actual needs of different regions.

[0058] The working process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0059] The operator first secures multiple farmland protection devices to the edge of the crop planting area using the cutting brackets 13. The distance between two adjacent devices is no more than 50 meters, and each device is at least 1.5 meters away from the nearest crop. The volatilization chamber 15 is filled with bottles containing essential oils such as peppermint and artemisia, and several volatilization rods are inserted into the bottles. After installation, the operator sends a power-on command via remote control. The remote control antenna 10 receives the signal and transmits it to the wireless control device. The wireless control device processes the signal and transmits it to the main circuit board, putting the device into standby mode.

[0060] After the device is powered on, the main control box 2 first performs a system self-test, including: checking the remaining power of the lead-acid battery 5, checking the charging status of the solar photovoltaic panel 3, and checking whether the electrical connections of each actuator (ultrasonic transducer 6, speaker 9, red and blue strobe light 4) are normal. After the self-test passes, the main control box 2 reads the initial light intensity value of the light sensor 11 and determines the initial working mode according to preset scene parameters, such as near / far from residential areas. After the device enters standby mode, the light sensor 11 continuously detects the ambient light intensity according to the preset sampling period. The light sensor 11 converts the detected analog light signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the main circuit board in the main control box 2. The microcontroller on the main circuit board converts the analog signal into a digital light intensity value through the built-in analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and compares it with a preset threshold. Based on the light intensity detection results and preset scene parameters, the main control box 2 executes the following mode switching logic:

[0061] When installing the equipment near residential areas:

[0062] If the light sensor 11 detects a light intensity ≥ 500 lux, the main control box 2 determines that it is a daytime scene and switches the control device to daytime mode one. In this mode, the main control box 2 controls the main circuit board to generate a drive signal, driving the ultrasonic transducer 6 to work and continuously emit variable frequency ultrasonic waves of 16kHz to 25kHz; at the same time, the main control box 2 keeps the speaker 9 and the red and blue strobe light 4 in a turned-off state. This mode avoids the audio emitted by the speaker from interfering with nearby residents.

[0063] If the light sensor 11 detects a light intensity ≤300 lux, the main control box 2 determines that it is a nighttime scene and switches the control device to nighttime mode one. In this mode, the main control box 2 simultaneously controls the ultrasonic transducer 6 and the red-blue strobe light 4 to operate. The ultrasonic transducer 6 continuously emits frequency-converted ultrasonic waves for protection; the red-blue strobe light 4 operates according to a preset flashing frequency, stimulating the visual nerves of harmful animals through dynamic light; at the same time, the speaker 9 remains off to avoid disturbing residents with noise at night.

[0064] When installing the equipment, it should be located far from residential areas and there should be no workers in the fields:

[0065] If the light sensor 11 detects a light intensity ≥ 500 lux, the main control box 2 switches the device to daytime mode two. In this mode, the main control box 2 simultaneously controls the ultrasonic transducer 6 and the speaker 9 to operate, while the red and blue strobe lights 4 remain off. The ultrasonic transducer 6 emits frequency-converted ultrasonic waves, and the speaker 9 plays pre-stored protection audio signals, such as predator calls, achieving combined voice and ultrasonic operation for effective protection.

[0066] If the light sensor 11 detects a light intensity ≤300 lux, the main control box 2 switches the control device to Night Mode 2. In this mode, the main control box 2 simultaneously controls the red and blue strobe lights 4 and the speaker 9 to operate, while the ultrasonic transducer 6 remains off. The red and blue strobe lights 4 operate in an alternating red and blue flashing mode, the speaker 9 plays audio signals, and the ultrasonic transducer 6 is turned off to save power through a combination of sound and light protection.

[0067] When the light sensor 11 detects a light intensity between 300 lux and 500 lux, the main control box 2 maintains the current system state and does not switch modes. For example, if the device is currently in daytime mode one, and the light intensity gradually decreases from above 500 lux to 400 lux, the device will continue to operate in daytime mode one until the light intensity further decreases to below 300 lux, at which point the device will switch to nighttime mode one. Conversely, when the light intensity gradually increases from below 300 lux to 400 lux, the device will continue to operate in nighttime mode one until the light intensity further increases to above 500 lux, at which point the device will switch to daytime mode one.

[0068] The setting of this hysteresis interval effectively avoids the device frequently switching between daytime and nighttime modes due to slight fluctuations in light intensity during periods of rapid change in light intensity, such as sunrise and sunset, thus ensuring the stability and reliability of system operation.

[0069] When encountering special circumstances where pest activity is frequent and conventional protection methods are ineffective, operators can send a high-intensity operating mode command to the equipment via remote control. The remote control antenna 10 receives the command signal and transmits it to the wireless control device, which then processes and transmits it to the main circuit board. Upon receiving the command, the main control box 2 controls the red and blue flashing lights 4, the horn 9, and the ultrasonic transducer 6 to operate simultaneously, achieving a synergistic effect of four protection methods—sound, light, ultrasound, and odor—to protect farmland at maximum intensity.

[0070] When workers need to enter the field, they can also temporarily switch or select the working mode using the remote control.

[0071] The power supply management of the equipment is completed in conjunction with the main control box 2 and the power indicator board. The specific process is as follows:

[0072] During periods of ample sunlight (typically from 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM), the solar photovoltaic panel 3 converts solar energy into direct current (DC) power. This power supplies the various electrical components of the equipment and simultaneously charges the lead-acid battery 5 via a photovoltaic charging controller. The power indicator panel monitors the charging current and voltage in real time, automatically cutting off the charging circuit once the lead-acid battery 5 is fully charged to prevent overcharging.

[0073] At night or during rainy weather, when the solar photovoltaic panel 3 cannot generate enough power, the lead-acid battery 5 automatically switches to power supply mode, providing a stable operating voltage for all electrical components of the equipment. When the charge of the lead-acid battery 5 falls below a preset threshold, if the equipment is connected to an AC power source, the main control box 2 automatically switches to AC power supply and adapter 7, while simultaneously recharging the lead-acid battery 5.

[0074] Operators can remotely control the equipment using a remote control. The remote control has multiple function buttons, including a power on / off button, a mode switch button, and a forced operation mode activation button, allowing manual switching to any of five operating modes. When an operator presses the corresponding function button, the remote control encodes the button command into a wireless signal and transmits it. The remote control antenna 10 receives the wireless signal and transmits it to the wireless control device inside the main control box 2. The wireless control device decodes, verifies, and processes the signal, transmitting the processed valid command to the main circuit board. The main circuit board then executes the corresponding control operation based on the command.

Claims

1. A farmland protection device, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The housing (1) houses a main control box (2). An ultrasonic transducer (6), an AC power supply and adapter (7) are installed below the main control box (2). A lead-acid battery (5) is installed at the bottom of the housing (1). Several louvered windows (12) are opened on the side of the housing (1). Evaporation chambers (15) are installed on both sides of the lead-acid battery (5). A horn (9) is installed on one side of the housing (1). The horn (9) is positioned corresponding to the louvered windows (12). A light sensor (11) is also installed on the outside of the housing (1). A solar photovoltaic panel (3) and a red and blue flashing light (4) are installed on the top of the housing (1). The solar photovoltaic panel (3) charges the lead-acid battery (5) through a photovoltaic charging controller. The main control box (2) is equipped with a main circuit board, a power indicator board, and a red and blue light circuit board. The main circuit board is electrically connected to the power indicator board and the red and blue light circuit board respectively. The light sensor (11) is electrically connected to the main circuit board through an analog-to-digital converter and provides the main circuit board with a light intensity signal. The red and blue strobe light (4) is controlled by the red and blue light circuit board. The ultrasonic transducer (6) and the horn (9) are controlled by the main circuit board. The lead-acid battery (5) is electrically connected to the AC power supply and adapter (7). The lead-acid battery (5) is electrically connected to and supplies power to the main circuit board, the power indicator board, the red and blue light circuit board, the wireless control device, the ultrasonic transducer (6), the horn (9), and the red and blue strobe light (4).

2. The farmland protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horn (8) is installed on the other side of the housing (1). The horn (8) is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic transducer (6) and makes the sound waves generated by the ultrasonic transducer (6) propagate more concentrated in one direction, thereby enhancing the sound pressure within the effective range.

3. The farmland protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (1) is also equipped with a remote control antenna (10) on top. The main control box (2) is also equipped with a wireless control device. The remote control antenna (10) is used to receive the signal from the remote control and transmit the signal to the wireless control device. The wireless control device transmits the processed signal to the main circuit board. The lead-acid battery (5) powers the wireless control device.

4. The farmland protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cabinet door is installed on one side of the housing (1) via a two-fold pull rod (14).

5. The farmland protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the housing (1) is equipped with a cutting support (13).

6. A protection method based on the above-mentioned farmland protection device, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. The above-mentioned farmland protection devices are set at intervals along the edge of the crop planting area, with an interval of no more than 50 meters, and the farmland protection device is at least 1.5 meters away from the nearest crop. S2. Activate the farmland protection device and put the farmland protection device into standby mode; S3. The light sensor detects the light intensity every 20-30 seconds. The main control box (2) controls the ultrasonic transducer (6) to work, while the horn (9) and red and blue flashing lights (4) do not work. This working mode is daytime mode one. The main control box (2) controls the ultrasonic transducer (6) and the speaker (9) to work, while the red and blue flashing lights (4) do not work. This working mode is daytime mode two. The main control box (2) controls the ultrasonic transducer (6) and the red and blue flashing lights (4) to work, while the speaker (9) does not work. This working mode is night mode one. The main control box (2) controls the red and blue flashing lights (4) and the speaker (9) to work, while the ultrasonic transducer (6) does not work. This working mode is night mode two. The main control box (2) controls the red and blue flashing lights (4), the horn (9) and the ultrasonic transducer (6) to work. This working mode is the strong working mode. When the farmland protection device is near a residential area or there are workers in the field, and the light intensity is detected to be ≥500 lux, the main control box (2) controls the farmland protection device to be in daytime mode one; when the light intensity is detected to be ≤300 lux, the main control box (2) controls the farmland protection device to be in nighttime mode one. When the farmland protection device is far from residential areas or there are no workers in the field, and the light intensity is detected to be ≥500 lux, the main control box (2) controls the farmland protection device to be in daytime mode two; when the light intensity is detected to be ≤300 lux, the main control box (2) controls the farmland protection device to be in nighttime mode two. When the detected light intensity is between 300 lux and 500 lux, the current system state remains unchanged.

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