A composition for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds and its use

Abstract

The application discloses a composition for inhibiting tobacco axillary bud growth and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation. The composition contains, in terms of weight parts, flumetralin 25-60 parts, uniconazole 2-8 parts, naphthaleneacetic acid 1-30 parts, a compound amino acid of L-proline and gamma-aminobutyric acid 2-10 parts, and small molecule fulvic acid humic acid 3-10 parts. The flumetralin, the uniconazole and the naphthaleneacetic acid act on three target points of cell division, hormone signal and auxin signal respectively, and form a complementary mechanism; the L-proline and the gamma-aminobutyric acid enhance the stress resistance of tobacco plants and promote carbon metabolism through osmoregulation; and the small molecule fulvic acid humic acid complexs active ingredients, reduces surface tension, improves permeability and stimulates root physiological activity. The application adopts a directional pith injection method for drug application, the bud-inhibiting effect of one-time drug application can be sustained for more than 40 days, the utilization rate of the drug solution is greatly improved, is not affected by weather conditions, and has the dual functions of bud inhibition and growth promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of plant cultivation technology, and particularly relates to a composition for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Tobacco is an important economic crop, and its yield and quality are largely influenced by field management practices. Topping is one of the key agronomic measures for improving tobacco leaf yield and quality. However, after topping, tobacco axillary buds (also known as "tobacco forks") sprout and grow rapidly, competing with the upper leaves for nutrients and water, leading to thinner, lighter, and lower-quality leaves. Therefore, effectively suppressing the growth of tobacco axillary buds is a crucial aspect of tobacco production.

[0003] Currently, methods for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds mainly fall into two categories: manual bud removal and chemical bud suppression. While manual bud removal is reliable, it is labor-intensive, inefficient, and costly, making it unsuitable for large-scale cultivation. Chemical bud suppression, due to its advantages of being labor-saving, time-saving, and highly efficient, has become the mainstream method for inhibiting tobacco axillary buds.

[0004] In the prior art, there are reports of using a combination of flubendiamide and uniconazole to inhibit the growth of tobacco axillary buds. For example, Chinese patent CN113068691A discloses a binary combination of flubendiamide and uniconazole and its application in tobacco bud inhibition. In addition, there are also technical solutions that combine uniconazole with other bud-inhibiting active ingredients, such as pesticide compositions containing uniconazole and trifluralin used as tobacco bud inhibitors. Chinese patent CN121195967A discloses a ternary compound bud inhibitor composed of flubendiamide, naphthaleneacetic acid, and ethephon, whose bud inhibition efficiency is significantly better than that of single agent treatment, indicating that the combination of naphthaleneacetic acid and flubendiamide has certain synergistic potential. However, the aforementioned existing technologies still have many shortcomings: On the one hand, most of the compound formulations are limited to simple combinations of two or three active ingredients, with relatively simple mechanisms of action and limited synergistic effects. Long-term use can easily lead to decreased efficacy and fails to take into account the overall growth and development of tobacco plants. On the other hand, the existing technologies lack the introduction of functional components that can simultaneously enhance the stress resistance of tobacco plants, promote nutrient absorption, and improve the quality of tobacco leaves, failing to achieve a good balance between bud suppression and healthy growth of tobacco plants. In addition, the aforementioned existing technologies all use traditional cup-drenching or spraying methods for application, resulting in low pesticide utilization and large dosage, which not only increases production costs but also leads to high pesticide residues in tobacco leaves. Furthermore, the application effect is easily affected by climatic conditions such as rainfall and temperature, making it difficult to guarantee the stability and reliability of field application.

[0005] Therefore, developing a novel tobacco axillary bud inhibition composition with richer components, more diverse mechanisms of action, the ability to both inhibit bud growth and promote bud development, and a more scientific and advanced application method remains of significant practical importance and has broad market application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a composition for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds and its application.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention provides a composition for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds, comprising, by weight: 25-60 parts of flubendiamide, 2-8 parts of uniconazole, 1-30 parts of naphthaleneacetic acid, 2-10 parts of a complex amino acid of L-proline and γ-aminobutyric acid, and 3-10 parts of small molecule fulvic acid-type humic acid.

[0008] Furthermore, in the complex amino acid of L-proline and γ-aminobutyric acid, the weight ratio of L-proline to γ-aminobutyric acid is 1:(1-5).

[0009] Furthermore, the small molecule fulvic acid type humic acid is biochemical fulvic acid or mineral-derived fulvic acid, with a weight-average molecular weight ≤ 500 Daltons and a pH value of 5.0 to 8.0.

[0010] Further, by weight, it contains: 50 parts of fluphenazine, 8 parts of uniconazole, 1 part of naphthaleneacetic acid, 10 parts of a complex amino acid of L-proline and γ-aminobutyric acid, and 10 parts of small molecule fulvic acid-type humic acid.

[0011] Furthermore, the composition also contains pesticide-acceptable carriers and adjuvants.

[0012] Furthermore, the pesticide-acceptable carrier is selected from one or more of silica, kaolin, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, and light calcium carbonate; the adjuvant is selected from one or more of emulsifiers, dispersants, wetting agents, antifreeze agents, defoamers, thickeners, and preservatives.

[0013] Furthermore, the emulsifier is selected from one or more of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether; the dispersant is selected from one or more of sodium lignosulfonate, polycarboxylate, and naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate; and the wetting agent is selected from sodium dodecyl sulfate and / or alkyl naphthalene sulfonate.

[0014] Furthermore, the dosage form of the composition is an emulsifiable concentrate, a suspension concentrate, a water-dispersible granule, or a wettable powder.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds, comprising the following steps: diluting the above composition with water to prepare a medicinal solution, and injecting the medicinal solution directly into the pith of the tobacco stem after topping at the early stage of tobacco budding using a directional pith injection method.

[0016] Furthermore, the concentration of the active ingredient flubendiamide in the solution is 30–150 mg / L, the concentration of the active ingredient uniconazole is 10–50 mg / L, and the concentration of the active ingredient naphthaleneacetic acid is 10–100 mg / L.

[0017] Furthermore, the targeted pith injection method is as follows: the drug solution is directly injected into the pith of the tobacco plant stem using a syringe. Specifically, the middle position between the 3rd and 5th nodes from bottom to top of the tobacco plant stem is selected, and the drug solution is directly injected into the pith tissue of the stem using a syringe.

[0018] Furthermore, the dosage per plant is 0.5–2 mL, and the injection depth is at the middle internode of the tobacco plant stem.

[0019] Furthermore, the medication is applied once.

[0020] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the injection needle is 0.5 to 1.2 mm, and the needle is inserted at an angle of 45° to 90° with the axial direction of the stem during injection.

[0021] Furthermore, after application, the amount of pesticide solution deposited in the leaf axils of the top 2-3 leaves of the tobacco plant is 0.1-0.5 mL / leaf axil.

[0022] Furthermore, the application of pesticides should be carried out on a sunny morning or evening, and irrigation or watering should not be carried out within 24 hours after application.

[0023] Furthermore, the tobacco variety is any one of Yunyan 87, K326, Honghua Dajinyuan, or NC89.

[0024] Technical principle of the invention: The technical principle of this invention's composition in inhibiting tobacco axillary bud growth is mainly based on two core pathways: synergistic effect of multiple active ingredients and precise delivery via targeted pith injection. Regarding the active ingredients, flubendiamide directly inhibits axillary bud germination by interfering with the dynamic balance of tubulin in axillary bud meristem cells, blocking cell mitosis; uniconazole inhibits axillary bud cell elongation by inhibiting the activity of key enzymes in gibberellin synthesis, reducing gibberellin content; and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) systematically inhibits lateral bud development at the plant-wide level by enhancing apical dominance and inducing ethylene production. These three ingredients act on three different targets—cell division, gibberellin signaling, and auxin signaling—forming a complementary mechanism of direct inhibition and hormonal regulation, rather than a simple dose-addition. Their synergistic effect coefficient (EE) was verified using the Gowing method. 0The concentration can reach over 12%. Simultaneously, L-proline and γ-aminobutyric acid (ABA), as physiological regulatory components, enhance tobacco plant stress resistance, promote carbon metabolism, and regulate carbon-nitrogen balance through osmotic regulation. On the one hand, they alleviate the slight growth-inhibiting effect of the bud-inhibiting active ingredients on tobacco plants; on the other hand, they assist in inhibiting axillary buds through the redistribution of metabolic flux. Small-molecule fulvic acid-type humic acid acts as a carrier synergist, utilizing its strong hydrophilicity and complexing ability to form water-soluble complexes with active molecules, reducing the surface tension of the solution, improving the wettability and permeability of the solution on the stem and leaf axil surfaces, promoting the entry of active ingredients into the vascular tissue, and simultaneously exerting a synergistic bud-inhibiting effect by stimulating root physiological activity and regulating endogenous IAA and ABA levels.

[0025] In terms of application method, this invention adopts a targeted pith injection method, which directly injects the drug solution into the pith tissue at the middle internode of the tobacco plant stem. With the help of the capillary action and transpiration pull of the thin-walled cells in the pith, the drug solution is distributed vertically to the plant through the longitudinal vascular tissue of the stem, and at the same time, it is transversely transported to each leaf axil through the vascular bundle system. This avoids the loss of drug solution caused by leaf rinsing and rainwater washing in the traditional cup drenching method. Moreover, the drug solution forms a drug reservoir in the pith and vascular bundle system, which can continuously release active ingredients, thus prolonging the bud-inhibiting effect. At the same time, the application process is not affected by external climatic conditions such as rainfall, wind speed, and temperature.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: (1) This invention effectively improves the inhibitory effect on tobacco axillary buds through the synergistic combination of six active components. Each active ingredient works synergistically through different targets, which can reduce the dosage of each single agent and reduce the risk of pesticide residues. The bud-inhibiting effect can last for more than 40 days after a single application by targeted pith injection, without the need for manual bud removal, thus achieving the goal of "one application, long-term control".

[0027] (2) Existing technologies generally employ cup-drenching or spraying methods for pesticide application, resulting in low pesticide utilization, large pesticide dosage, and application effectiveness easily affected by climatic conditions such as rainfall and temperature. This invention adopts a targeted pith injection method, using a stick-shaped carrier to directly inject the pesticide solution into the pith of the tobacco stem. The pesticide solution is systematically transported to each leaf axil through the vascular tissue of the tobacco plant. This application method significantly reduces pesticide waste and the amount of chemical pesticides used, lowering the residue of bud inhibitors in tobacco leaves. On the other hand, it can prolong the duration of bud inhibitory effect, achieving long-term control with a single application. In addition, it can effectively avoid the influence of climatic conditions on the application effect, ensuring efficacy under any climatic conditions.

[0028] (3) Existing technologies only focus on the axillary bud inhibition effect and do not consider the impact of the bud inhibitor on the overall growth and development of tobacco plants. The L-proline and γ-aminobutyric acid complex amino acids in the composition of this invention can enhance the stress resistance of tobacco plants and promote carbon metabolism; the small molecule fulvic acid type humic acid can promote root development and improve the rhizosphere microecological environment. While assisting in enhancing the bud inhibition effect, the above functional components can also promote the root development of tobacco plants, improve nutrient absorption efficiency, and enhance stress resistance. While inhibiting axillary buds, they do not affect the normal growth and development of tobacco plants, which helps to ensure the yield and quality of tobacco leaves. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0031] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0032] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0033] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0034] This invention provides a composition for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds, comprising, by weight: 25-60 parts of flubendiamide, 2-8 parts of uniconazole, 1-30 parts of naphthaleneacetic acid, 2-10 parts of a complex amino acid of L-proline and γ-aminobutyric acid, and 3-10 parts of small molecule fulvic acid-type humic acid.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the weight ratio of L-proline to γ-aminobutyric acid in the complex amino acid of L-proline and γ-aminobutyric acid is 1:(1-5).

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the small molecule fulvic acid is biochemical fulvic acid or mineral-derived fulvic acid, with a weight-average molecular weight ≤ 500 Daltons and a pH value of 5.0 to 8.0.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the product comprises, by weight: 50 parts of flubendiamide, 8 parts of uniconazole, 1 part of naphthaleneacetic acid, 10 parts of a complex amino acid of L-proline and γ-aminobutyric acid, and 10 parts of small molecule fulvic acid-type humic acid.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition further comprises a pesticide-acceptable carrier and adjuvant.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pesticide-acceptable carrier is selected from one or more of silica, kaolin, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, and light calcium carbonate; the adjuvant is selected from one or more of emulsifiers, dispersants, wetting agents, antifreeze agents, defoamers, thickeners, and preservatives; the emulsifier is selected from one or more of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether; the dispersant is selected from one or more of sodium lignosulfonate, polycarboxylate, and naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate; and the wetting agent is selected from sodium dodecyl sulfate and / or alkyl naphthalene sulfonate.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dosage form of the composition is an emulsifiable concentrate, a suspension concentrate, a water-dispersible granule, or a wettable powder.

[0041] For example, when the dosage form of the composition is an emulsifiable concentrate, it comprises, by weight parts: 50 parts of flubendiamide, 8 parts of uniconazole, 1 part of naphthaleneacetic acid, 10 parts of a complex amino acid of L-proline and γ-aminobutyric acid, 10 parts of small molecule fulvic acid-type humic acid, 10 parts of emulsifier, and solvent to make up to 100 parts.

[0042] For example, when the dosage form of the composition is a suspension, it comprises, by weight parts: 25 parts of flubendiamide, 5 parts of uniconazole, 10 parts of naphthaleneacetic acid, 6 parts of a complex amino acid of L-proline and γ-aminobutyric acid, 8 parts of small molecule fulvic acid-type humic acid, 3 parts of dispersant, 2 parts of wetting agent, 5 parts of antifreeze agent, 0.3 parts of thickener, 0.2 parts of defoamer, and water to make up to 100 parts.

[0043] For example, when the dosage form of the composition is water-dispersible granules, it comprises, by weight parts: 60 parts of flubendiamide, 2 parts of uniconazole, 30 parts of naphthaleneacetic acid, 2 parts of a complex amino acid of L-proline and γ-aminobutyric acid, 3 parts of small molecule fulvic acid-type humic acid, 5 parts of dispersant, 3 parts of wetting agent, 10 parts of disintegrant, 1 part of binder, and filler to make up to 100 parts.

[0044] This invention also provides a method for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds, comprising the following steps: diluting the above composition with water to prepare a medicinal solution, and injecting the medicinal solution directly into the pith of the tobacco stem after topping at the early stage of tobacco budding using a directional pith injection method.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of the active ingredient of flubendiamide in the drug solution is 30-150 mg / L, the concentration of the active ingredient of uniconazole is 10-50 mg / L, and the concentration of the active ingredient of naphthaleneacetic acid is 10-100 mg / L.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the targeted pith injection method is as follows: the drug solution is directly injected into the pith of the tobacco plant stem using a syringe. Specifically, the middle position between the 3rd and 5th nodes from bottom to top of the tobacco plant stem is selected, and the drug solution is directly injected into the pith tissue of the stem using a syringe.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the amount of medicine applied per plant is 0.5 to 2 mL, and the injection depth is at the middle internode of the tobacco plant stem.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medicine is applied once.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer diameter of the injection needle is 0.5 to 1.2 mm, and the needle is inserted at an angle of 45° to 90° with the axial direction of the stem during injection.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the amount of pesticide solution deposited in the leaf axils of the top 2 to 3 leaves of the tobacco plant after application is 0.1 to 0.5 mL / leaf axil.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the application of pesticide is carried out on a sunny morning or evening, and no irrigation or watering is carried out within 24 hours after the application.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tobacco variety is any one of Yunyan 87, K326, Honghua Dajinyuan, or NC89.

[0053] All raw materials used in the embodiments of this invention were purchased commercially.

[0054] In the embodiments of this invention, unless otherwise specified, "parts" refers to "number of parts by weight".

[0055] The technical solution of the present invention will be further illustrated by the following embodiments.

[0056] Example 1 Weigh out the following ingredients by weight: 25 parts of flubendiamide, 5 parts of uniconazole, 10 parts of naphthaleneacetic acid, 3 parts of L-proline, 3 parts of γ-aminobutyric acid (L-proline to γ-aminobutyric acid weight ratio 1:1), 8 parts of small molecule fulvic acid (mineral-derived fulvic acid, weight average molecular weight ≤500 Daltons, pH value 5.0~8.0), 3 parts of dispersant sodium lignosulfonate, 2 parts of wetting agent sodium dodecyl sulfate, 5 parts of antifreeze ethylene glycol, 0.3 parts of thickener xanthan gum, 0.2 parts of defoamer silicone defoamer, and deionized water (to bring the total to 100 parts, i.e. 35.5 parts). Flubenzamide, uniconazole, and naphthaleneacetic acid were dissolved in xylene (three times the volume of the three components) and stirred until homogeneous, serving as the oil phase. L-proline, γ-aminobutyric acid, and small-molecule fulvic acid-type humic acid were dissolved in a portion of deionized water (30% of the total mass) and stirred until completely dissolved, serving as the aqueous phase. Under high-speed shear stirring conditions (3000 r / min), the oil phase was slowly added to the aqueous phase, and stirring was continued for 20 min to form a primary emulsion. Then, sodium lignosulfonate (dispersant), sodium dodecyl sulfate (wetting agent), ethylene glycol (antifreeze agent), xanthan gum (thickener), and silicone defoamer were added, and stirring was continued for 30 min until homogeneous. The mixture was then transferred to a sand mill and ground until the particle size D90 ≤ 5 μm. Finally, the remaining deionized water was added, and the mixture was homogenized to obtain a suspension concentrate for inhibiting tobacco axillary bud growth.

[0057] Example 2 By weight, take 50 parts of flubenzamide, 8 parts of uniconazole, 1 part of naphthaleneacetic acid, 2 parts of L-proline, 8 parts of γ-aminobutyric acid (L-proline to γ-aminobutyric acid weight ratio 1:4), 10 parts of small molecule fulvic acid (biochemical fulvic acid, weight average molecular weight ≤500 Daltons, pH value 5.0~8.0), 10 parts of emulsifier calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and solvent xylene (to bring the total to 100 parts, i.e. 11 parts).

[0058] Flubenzamide, uniconazole, and naphthaleneacetic acid were added to a reaction vessel, along with the emulsifier calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and a portion of the solvent xylene (50 wt% of total weight). Stirring was started (500 rpm), and the mixture was heated to 50°C and stirred until completely dissolved. L-proline, γ-aminobutyric acid, and small-molecule fulvic acid were added to the remaining xylene, and the mixture was sonicated for 10 minutes to aid dissolution. The two solutions were combined and stirred for another 30 minutes until a homogeneous, transparent liquid was formed. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, allowed to stand to defoam, and filtered to remove insoluble matter, yielding the emulsifiable concentrate composition for inhibiting tobacco axillary bud growth.

[0059] Example 3 By weight, take 60 parts of flubendiamide, 2 parts of uniconazole, 4 parts of naphthaleneacetic acid, 1 part of L-proline, 1 part of γ-aminobutyric acid (L-proline to γ-aminobutyric acid weight ratio 1:1), 3 parts of small molecule fulvic acid (mineral-derived fulvic acid, weight average molecular weight ≤500 Daltons, pH value 5.0~8.0), 5 parts of dispersant polycarboxylate, 3 parts of wetting agent alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, 10 parts of disintegrant ammonium sulfate, 1 part of binder polyvinyl alcohol, and filler kaolin (to bring the total to 100 parts, i.e., 10 parts).

[0060] Preparation method: Flubenzamide, uniconazole, naphthaleneacetic acid, L-proline, γ-aminobutyric acid, and small molecule fulvic acid-type humic acid are premixed with dispersant polycarboxylate, wetting agent alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, disintegrant ammonium sulfate, binder polyvinyl alcohol, and filler kaolin in a mixer for 30 min. The mixture is then pulverized using an air jet mill to a particle size D90 ≤ 10 μm. The pulverized material is then transferred to a kneader, and deionized water (20% of the total weight of the material) is added for kneading for 10 min until the material becomes a plastic paste. The kneaded material is then granulated in a rotary extruder to a pore size of 0.8–1.2 mm. The resulting granules are placed in a fluidized bed dryer and dried at 60℃ until the moisture content is ≤ 3%. The granules are then sieved to obtain 20–80 mesh particles, yielding a water-dispersible granule composition for inhibiting tobacco axillary bud growth.

[0061] Comparative Example 1 Same as Example 1, except that flubendiamide is used, and a pesticide-acceptable carrier and adjuvants are added to prepare a suspension according to conventional formulation processes, specifically: Weigh out 25 parts of flufenoxuron, 3 parts of sodium lignosulfonate dispersant, 2 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate wetting agent, 5 parts of ethylene glycol antifreeze, 0.3 parts of xanthan gum thickener, 0.2 parts of silicone defoamer, and deionized water (to bring the total to 100 parts, i.e., 64.5 parts). Dissolve flubendiamide in xylene (three times the volume of flubendiamide) and stir until homogeneous to obtain the oil phase. Under high-speed shear stirring (3000 rpm), slowly add the oil phase to deionized water and continue stirring for 20 minutes to form a primary emulsion. Then add the dispersant sodium lignosulfonate, the wetting agent sodium dodecyl sulfate, the antifreeze agent ethylene glycol, the thickener xanthan gum, and the silicone defoamer, and continue stirring for 30 minutes until homogeneous. Transfer the mixture to a sand mill and grind until the particle size D90 ≤ 5 μm. Homogenize the mixture to obtain the flubendiamide suspension.

[0062] Comparative Example 2 Same as Example 1, except that uniconazole is taken, and a pesticide-acceptable carrier and adjuvants are added to prepare a suspension according to conventional formulation processes, specifically: Weigh out 5 parts by weight of uniconazole, 3 parts by weight of dispersant sodium lignosulfonate, 2 parts by weight of wetting agent sodium dodecyl sulfate, 5 parts by weight of antifreeze ethylene glycol, 0.3 parts by weight of thickener xanthan gum, 0.2 parts by weight of defoamer silicone defoamer, and deionized water (to bring the total to 100 parts, i.e., 84.5 parts). Dissolve uniconazole in xylene (three times the volume of uniconazole) and stir until homogeneous to prepare the oil phase. Under high-speed shear stirring (3000 rpm), slowly add the oil phase to deionized water and continue stirring for 20 minutes to form a primary emulsion. Then add the dispersant sodium lignosulfonate, the wetting agent sodium dodecyl sulfate, the antifreeze ethylene glycol, the thickener xanthan gum, and the silicone defoamer, and continue stirring for 30 minutes until homogeneous. Transfer the mixture to a sand mill and grind until the particle size D90 ≤ 5 μm. Homogenize the mixture to obtain the uniconazole suspension.

[0063] Comparative Example 3 Same as Example 1, except that uniconazole and flubendiamide are taken, and a pesticide-acceptable carrier and adjuvants are added to prepare a suspension according to conventional formulation processes, specifically: Weigh out 25 parts of flubendiamide, 5 parts of uniconazole, 3 parts of sodium lignosulfonate dispersant, 2 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate wetting agent, 5 parts of ethylene glycol antifreeze, 0.3 parts of xanthan gum thickener, 0.2 parts of silicone defoamer, and deionized water (to bring the total to 100 parts, i.e., 59.5 parts). Dissolve flubendiamide and uniconazole in xylene (three times their combined volume), stir until homogeneous, and set aside as the oil phase. Under high-speed shear stirring (3000 rpm), slowly add the oil phase to deionized water, stirring continuously for 20 minutes to form a primary emulsion. Then add the dispersant sodium lignosulfonate, the wetting agent sodium dodecyl sulfate, the antifreeze ethylene glycol, the thickener xanthan gum, and the silicone defoamer, and continue stirring for 30 minutes until homogeneous. Transfer the mixture to a sand mill and grind until the particle size D90 ≤ 5 μm. Homogenize the mixture using a homogenizer to obtain the suspension.

[0064] Comparative Example 4 Same as Example 1, except that the addition of amino acids and fulvic acid is omitted, specifically: Weigh out 25 parts of flubendiamide, 5 parts of uniconazole, 10 parts of naphthaleneacetic acid, 3 parts of sodium lignosulfonate dispersant, 2 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate wetting agent, 5 parts of ethylene glycol antifreeze, 0.3 parts of xanthan gum thickener, 0.2 parts of silicone defoamer, and deionized water (to bring the total to 100 parts, i.e., 49.5 parts). Dissolve flubendiamide, uniconazole, and naphthaleneacetic acid in xylene (three times their combined volume), and stir until homogeneous to prepare the oil phase. Under high-speed shear stirring (3000 rpm), slowly add the oil phase to deionized water and continue stirring for 20 minutes to form a primary emulsion. Then add the dispersant sodium lignosulfonate, the wetting agent sodium dodecyl sulfate, the antifreeze ethylene glycol, the thickener xanthan gum, and the silicone defoamer, and continue stirring for 30 minutes until homogeneous. Transfer the mixture to a sand mill and grind until the particle size D90 ≤ 5 μm. Homogenize the mixture using a homogenizer to obtain the suspension.

[0065] Performance testing The test crop was tobacco (Yunyan 87). The experiment involved topping the tobacco plants at the early budding stage, removing axillary buds longer than 2 cm after topping. The compositions from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were used for injection. Each treatment group was treated once using a directional pith injection method, selecting the middle position between the 3rd and 5th nodes of the stem from bottom to top, and injecting the solution directly into the pith tissue of the stem using a syringe. The injection volume per plant was 1 mL, with an outer diameter of 0.8 mm, and the needle was inserted at a 60° angle to the stem axis. The concentrations of the active ingredient in the solution of each treatment group were adjusted to 100 mg / L for flubendiamide, 20 mg / L for uniconazole, and 40 mg / L for naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (for examples and comparative examples with different active ingredient contents, the concentrations were adjusted to the same level using dilution factors). An aqueous solution was used as a blank control (CK). Each treatment consisted of 3 pots, with 4 replicates. Forty days after application, the fresh weight of axillary buds larger than 2 cm in length was measured in tobacco plants of each treatment.

[0066] Methods for calculating drug efficacy: The inhibitory effect of plant axillary buds is calculated according to formula (1): (1) In the formula: R represents the inhibition effect of plant axillary buds, in percentage (%); X1 represents the fresh weight of axillary buds in the drug-treated area; X0 represents the fresh weight of axillary buds in the blank control area.

[0067] Evaluation of the combined effects of the Gowing method: Based on the inhibitory effects of flubendiamide and uniconazole alone, the theoretical inhibitory effect E0 of each combination treatment was calculated, as shown in formula (2): (2) In the formula: X is the axillary bud inhibition effect (%) of flutriafol (Comparative Example 1); Y is the axillary bud inhibition effect (%) of uniconazole (Comparative Example 2); E0 is the theoretical axillary bud inhibition effect (%); E is the actual axillary bud inhibition effect (%), which is the calculated R value.

[0068] When E-E0 > 10%, it indicates that the composition produces a synergistic effect; When E-E0 < -10%, it indicates that the composition produces an antagonistic effect; When -10% < E-E0 < 10%, it indicates that the composition produces an additive effect.

[0069] Performance test results: Table 1 shows the inhibitory effect of each treatment group on tobacco axillary buds.

[0070] Table 1 Inhibitory effect of each treatment group on tobacco axillary buds Note: The inhibition rate R in the table is calculated by R=(X0-X1) / X0×100%, wherein the fresh weight of axillary buds in the blank control X0=1200.65g; the X value of Comparative Example 1 is 40.48%, the Y value of Comparative Example 2 is 52.75%, E0=X+Y-X·Y / 100=40.48+52.75-40.48×52.75 / 100=71.91%. The E-E0 values of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 are marked as "—", because the Gowing method is used to evaluate the type of combined action after two or more agents are mixed, and its calculation basis is "substitute the actual inhibition rate of single agents into the formula to obtain the theoretical inhibition rate E0, and then compare it with the actual inhibition rate E of the compound preparation". For single agents per se, there is no comparison object between "theoretical inhibition rate" and "actual inhibition rate", therefore the E-E0 item is not applicable, and is represented by "—".

[0071] It can be seen from Table 1 that the axillary bud inhibition rates of Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention are all above 89%, which are significantly superior to the treatments of each comparative example. Among them, Example 2 (50 parts of flumetralin, 8 parts of uniconazole, 1 part of naphthaleneacetic acid, 10 parts of compound amino acid, 10 parts of fulvic acid) has the highest inhibition rate, reaching 90.53%.

[0072] Compared with Comparative Example 3 (binary compound of flumetralin and uniconazole, inhibition rate 84.39%), the inhibition rate of Example 1 of the present invention is increased by 5.75 percentage points; compared with Comparative Example 4 (ternary compound of flumetralin, uniconazole and naphthaleneacetic acid, free of amino acid and fulvic acid, inhibition rate 85.94%), the inhibition rate of Example 1 of the present invention is increased by 4.20 percentage points. The above results show that the addition of L-proline, γ-aminobutyric acid and small-molecule fulvic acid-type humic acid significantly improves the bud-inhibiting effect of the compound system.

[0073] According to the Gowing method evaluation results, the E-E0 value of Example 1 of this invention reached 18.23%, which is much greater than the 10% synergistic effect threshold, indicating that the six-component compound system of this invention has a significant synergistic effect. In contrast, the E-E0 value of Comparative Example 3 (flubenzuron + uniconazole binary compound) was 12.48%, which also met the synergistic effect threshold, but the synergistic effect was significantly lower than that of this invention. The E-E0 value of Comparative Example 4 (flubenzuron + uniconazole + naphthaleneacetic acid ternary compound) was 14.03%, which was also lower than that of the examples of this invention. This indicates that by introducing L-proline, γ-aminobutyric acid, and small molecule fulvic acid, this invention further amplifies the overall synergistic effect on the basis of the synergistic effect of flubenzuron and uniconazole.

[0074] A comparison of Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 shows that, without L-proline, γ-aminobutyric acid, and fulvic acid, the inhibition rate of the ternary compound (flubenzuron + uniconazole + naphthaleneacetic acid) was 85.94%, and the E-E0 value was 14.03%. However, after adding the above three functional components (Example 1), the inhibition rate increased to 90.14%, and the E-E0 value increased to 18.23%. This indicates that the combined introduction of L-proline, γ-aminobutyric acid, and small molecule fulvic acid-type humic acid has an irreplaceable contribution to the synergistic effect of the compound system.

[0075] The axillary bud inhibition rate of each treatment group (Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 3-4) was investigated at different time points after drug application (7d, 14d, 21d, 28d, 35d, 40d). The results are shown in Table 2.

[0076] Table 2. Axillary bud inhibition rate (%) at different time points for each treatment group As shown in Table 2, Examples 1-3 of the present invention consistently maintained an inhibition rate above 89% within 40 days after application, with fluctuations in the inhibition rate between different time points not exceeding 1.8 percentage points, demonstrating excellent sustained-release stability. In contrast, Comparative Examples 3 and 4 showed a continuous and slow decline in inhibition rate within 40 days after application, with significantly lower overall bud-suppressing effects compared to the present invention. This indicates that after application via targeted pith injection, the composition of the present invention forms a drug reservoir in the pith and vascular bundle system of the tobacco plant, continuously releasing active ingredients and achieving a long-lasting and stable bud-suppressing effect.

[0077] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composition for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds, characterized in that, By weight, it contains: 25-60 parts of flubendiamide, 2-8 parts of uniconazole, 1-30 parts of naphthaleneacetic acid, 2-10 parts of a complex amino acid of L-proline and γ-aminobutyric acid, and 3-10 parts of small molecule fulvic acid-type humic acid.

2. The composition for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the complex amino acid of L-proline and γ-aminobutyric acid, the weight ratio of L-proline to γ-aminobutyric acid is 1:(1-5).

3. The composition for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The small molecule fulvic acid is biochemical fulvic acid or mineral-derived fulvic acid, with a weight-average molecular weight ≤ 500 Daltons and a pH value of 5.0–8.

0.

4. The composition for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds according to claim 1, characterized in that, By weight, it contains: 50 parts of flubendiamide, 8 parts of uniconazole, 1 part of naphthaleneacetic acid, 10 parts of a complex amino acid of L-proline and γ-aminobutyric acid, and 10 parts of small molecule fulvic acid-type humic acid.

5. The composition for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composition also contains pesticide-acceptable carriers and adjuvants.

6. The composition for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composition is in the form of an emulsifiable concentrate, a suspension concentrate, a water-dispersible granule, or a wettable powder.

7. A method for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: diluting the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 with water to prepare a medicinal solution, and injecting the medicinal solution directly into the pith of the tobacco plant stem after topping at the early stage of tobacco budding using a targeted pith injection method.

8. The method for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds according to claim 7, characterized in that, The concentration of the active ingredient in the solution is 30–150 mg / L for flubendiamide, 10–50 mg / L for uniconazole, and 10–100 mg / L for naphthaleneacetic acid.

9. The method for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds according to claim 7, characterized in that, The targeted pith injection method is as follows: the drug solution is directly injected into the pith of the tobacco plant stem using a syringe, with an application rate of 0.5 to 2 mL per plant, and the injection depth is at the internode in the middle of the tobacco plant stem.

10. The method for inhibiting the growth of tobacco axillary buds according to claim 7, characterized in that, The medicine is applied once.

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