Feed supplement for cattle breeding and method of preparation

Abstract

The application discloses a feed additive for cattle breeding and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method of the feed additive for cattle breeding comprises the following steps: preparing a traditional Chinese medicine additive by using wood betony, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel and eggplant leaves; and mixing white atractylodes rhizome powder, apple peel powder and radix codonopsis powder with the traditional Chinese medicine additive to obtain the feed additive. In the breeding process, the feed additive can be added into the feed for feeding cattle, and the feed additive can improve diarrhea of the cattle, improve immunity of the cattle, enhance the disease resistance of the cattle, and is beneficial to promoting healthy growth of the cattle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of feed additive technology, specifically relating to a feed additive for cattle farming and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the livestock industry, the requirements for process management and control in animal husbandry are becoming increasingly stringent. The requirements for feed for animals such as cattle and sheep are also rising, and feed additives are gradually moving towards greener and safer options. The use of antibiotics is decreasing, necessitating the use of non-pharmaceutical additives to control animal diseases during the rearing process. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) additives, derived from natural plants, possess certain disease-fighting properties, can improve animal growth, have fewer toxic side effects, and can avoid the drug resistance caused by antibiotics. Therefore, adding TCM additives to feed has become an important research direction. For example, in cattle farming, centralized management and insufficient activity space lead to low resistance in cattle, making them susceptible to disease and affecting their growth. How to improve the physical condition and disease resistance of cattle through feed additives has become a crucial issue. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a feed additive and preparation method for cattle farming, in order to solve the problem of diarrhea in cattle during the cattle farming process.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for preparing a feed additive for cattle farming, comprising: Traditional Chinese medicine additives were prepared using orchid, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves; Atractylodes macrocephala powder, apple peel powder, Codonopsis pilosula powder, and traditional Chinese medicine additives are mixed to obtain feed additives.

[0005] Furthermore, the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine additive includes: The raw materials are pulverized, and the pulverized raw materials are added to an aqueous ethanol solution for mixing to obtain a first mixture; the raw materials include wood butterfly, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves; The first mixture is heated to 45-65°C and treated for 2-5 hours. The first mixture after filtration yields a first filtrate and a first filter residue. The first filter residue is mixed with an aqueous solution of acetic acid to obtain a second mixture, which is then heated to 43-50°C for 1-3 hours. The second mixture after filtration yields a second filtrate and a second filter residue. The first filtrate and the second filtrate are mixed, then concentrated and dried to obtain a dry powder, which is used as a traditional Chinese medicine additive.

[0006] Furthermore, the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine additive also includes: The second filter residue and fig leaf powder were washed with water and filtered. The filtered material is mixed with water to obtain a third mixture. Cellulase, pectinase and xylanase are added to the third mixture for enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain the hydrolysate. The enzymatic hydrolysate is then concentrated and sterilized to obtain the fermentation substrate. The fermentation substrate is then inoculated and fermented. During the fermentation process, aerobic fermentation is carried out using the first fermentation agent, followed by anaerobic fermentation using the second fermentation agent. After fermentation, the substrate is dried to obtain the dried fermented product. The dried powder is then mixed with the dried fermented product as a traditional Chinese medicine additive. The first fermentation agent includes Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, and the second fermentation agent includes Bifidobacterium bifidum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

[0007] Furthermore, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 41-55°C, the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 1-4 hours, and the pH is 4.2-6.5.

[0008] Furthermore, the amount of cellulase added is 0.02-0.1% of the filtered material, the amount of pectinase added is 0.01-0.05% of the filtered material, and the amount of xylanase added is 0.02-0.07% of the filtered material.

[0009] Furthermore, the fermentation temperature during aerobic fermentation is 28-37°C, and the fermentation time is 12-36 hours; and / or The viable cell count of the first fermentation inoculant is 0.12-0.3% of the fermentation substrate mass, and the ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Bacillus licheniformis is (1-3):1; and / or The anaerobic fermentation process involves a fermentation temperature of 30-38°C and a fermentation time of 15-48 hours; and / or The viable cell count of the second fermentation agent is 0.08-0.2% of the fermentation substrate, and the ratio of Bifidobacterium bifidum to Saccharomyces cerevisiae is (0.8-2):1; and / or The moisture content of the fermentation substrate is 55-59%.

[0010] Furthermore, prior to the step of adding cellulase, pectinase, and xylanase to the third mixture for enzymatic hydrolysis, the following steps are also included: Add hydrogen peroxide to the third mixture and treat at 30-40°C for 20-50 minutes; Then add acetic acid solution and treat for 0.5-1.5 hours; Reheat to 45-55°C and process for 0.5-1.5 hours.

[0011] Furthermore, the mass ratio of Atractylodes macrocephala powder, apple peel powder, Codonopsis pilosula powder, and traditional Chinese medicine additives is (0.8-1.5):(1-2.5):1:(0.15-0.3). The mass ratio of wood butterfly, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, eggplant leaf, and fig leaf powder is (1.1-3):(0.8-2):(1-2.5):(1.2-2):1:(1.3-2).

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a feed additive for cattle farming, comprising: The preparation method described in the above embodiments is used for preparation.

[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide the use of feed additives prepared by the preparation method described above in inhibiting diarrhea and / or improving immunity in cattle.

[0014] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a feed, comprising: The feed additives for cattle farming described in the above embodiments.

[0015] The method for preparing a feed additive for cattle breeding according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: preparing a traditional Chinese medicine additive using *Oroxylum indicum*, dandelion, *Poria cocos*, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves; and mixing *Atractylodes macrocephala* powder, apple peel powder, and *Codonopsis pilosula* powder with the traditional Chinese medicine additive to obtain the feed additive. During the breeding process, this feed additive can be added to the feed for cattle. This feed additive can improve cattle diarrhea, reduce the number of harmful bacteria in the intestines, improve cattle immunity, enhance disease resistance, and promote healthy growth in cattle. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention can be implemented in orders other than those described herein. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0018] The method for preparing feed additives for cattle farming according to embodiments of the present invention includes: Traditional Chinese medicine additives were prepared using orchid, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves; Atractylodes macrocephala powder, apple peel powder, Codonopsis pilosula powder, and traditional Chinese medicine additives are mixed to obtain feed additives.

[0019] In the preparation process, *Oroxylum indicum*, dandelion, *Poria cocos*, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves can be pulverized and mixed, and then the mixed powder can be used to extract and prepare a traditional Chinese medicine additive. In cattle farming, this feed additive can be added to the cattle feed. This additive can improve diarrhea in cattle, enhance their immunity, strengthen their disease resistance, and promote healthy growth.

[0020] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the traditional Chinese medicine additive includes: The raw materials are crushed and then mixed with an aqueous solution of ethanol to obtain a first mixture. The raw materials include wood butterfly, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves. The volume ratio of ethanol to water in the aqueous solution of ethanol can be (1-3):1. The first mixture is heated to 45-65°C and treated for 2-5 hours. The first mixture after filtration yields a first filtrate and a first filter residue. The first filter residue is mixed with an aqueous solution of acetic acid to obtain a second mixture, which is then heated to 43-50°C for 1-3 hours; the mass concentration of acetic acid in the aqueous solution can be 3-10%. The second mixture after filtration yields a second filtrate and a second filter residue. The first and second filtrates are mixed, then concentrated and dried to obtain a dry powder, which is used as an additive in traditional Chinese medicine. Sodium bicarbonate solution can be added to the filtrate before concentration to neutralize the acidity.

[0021] In other embodiments, the method for preparing the traditional Chinese medicine additive further includes: The second filter residue and fig leaf powder were washed with water and filtered. The filtered material is mixed with water to obtain a third mixture. Cellulase, pectinase, and xylanase are added to the third mixture for enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate. The solid filtered material is mixed with water, and the components in the second filter residue and fig leaf powder are enzymatically hydrolyzed by cellulase, pectinase, and xylanase. The enzymatic hydrolysate is then concentrated and sterilized to obtain the fermentation substrate. The fermentation substrate is then inoculated and fermented. During the fermentation process, aerobic fermentation is carried out using the first fermentation agent, followed by anaerobic fermentation using the second fermentation agent. After fermentation, the substrate is dried to obtain the dried fermented product. The dried powder is then mixed with the dried fermented product as a traditional Chinese medicine additive. The first fermentation agent includes Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, and the second fermentation agent includes Bifidobacterium bifidum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

[0022] Optionally, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 41-55°C, the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 1-4 hours, and the pH during enzymatic hydrolysis can be 4.2-6.5, for example, the pH during enzymatic hydrolysis can be 4.5-5.3.

[0023] In some embodiments, the amount of cellulase added is 0.02-0.1% of the filter material, the amount of pectinase added is 0.01-0.05% of the filter material, and the amount of xylanase added is 0.02-0.07% of the filter material.

[0024] In other embodiments, the fermentation temperature during aerobic fermentation is 28-37°C, and the fermentation time is 12-36 hours. Optionally, the viable count of the first fermentation agent is 0.12-0.3% of the fermentation substrate mass, and the ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Bacillus licheniformis is (1-3):1.

[0025] The anaerobic fermentation process involves a fermentation temperature of 30-38°C and a fermentation time of 15-48 hours. The viable cell count of the secondary fermentation agent is 0.08-0.2% of the fermentation substrate, and the ratio of Bifidobacterium bifidum to Saccharomyces cerevisiae is (0.8-2):1. The moisture content of the fermentation substrate is 55-59%.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, before the step of adding cellulase, pectinase, and xylanase to the third mixture for enzymatic hydrolysis, the following may be included: Add hydrogen peroxide to the third mixture and treat at 30-40°C for 20-50 minutes; Then add acetic acid solution and treat for 0.5-1.5 hours; Reheat to 45-55°C and process for 0.5-1.5 hours.

[0027] The mass content of hydrogen peroxide in the third mixture can be 0.06-0.2%, and the mass content of acetic acid in the third mixture can be 0.3-0.9%.

[0028] Optionally, the mass ratio of Atractylodes macrocephala powder, apple peel powder, Codonopsis pilosula powder, and traditional Chinese medicine additives is (0.8-1.5):(1-2.5):1:(0.15-0.3). The mass ratio of wood butterfly, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, eggplant leaf, and fig leaf powder is (1.1-3):(0.8-2):(1-2.5):(1.2-2):1:(1.3-2).

[0029] The feed additive for cattle farming according to embodiments of the present invention includes: The preparation method described in the above embodiments is used for preparation.

[0030] This invention provides the use of feed additives prepared by the above-described preparation method in inhibiting diarrhea and / or improving immunity in cattle. This invention also provides the use of feed additives prepared by the above-described preparation method in reducing harmful intestinal bacteria in cattle.

[0031] The feed according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: The feed additives for cattle farming described in the above embodiments.

[0032] Optionally, the feed may further include: For basic feed, the amount of feed additives can be 0.6-3.5% of the basic feed mass; Basic feed may include corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran, with a mass ratio of (1-3):(1-2.5):(0.8-2). Basic feed may also include alfalfa, wheat straw, corn straw, rice straw, and hay meal, etc. The specific components and amounts can be selected according to needs.

[0033] The feed additives of the present invention will be further illustrated below through some specific embodiments.

[0034] Example 1: The preparation process of feed additives for cattle farming includes: Traditional Chinese medicine additives were prepared using orchid, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves; Atractylodes macrocephala powder, apple peel powder, Codonopsis pilosula powder and traditional Chinese medicine additives are mixed to obtain feed additives; The preparation methods of traditional Chinese medicine additives include: The raw materials are crushed and then mixed with an aqueous ethanol solution to obtain the first mixture. The raw materials include wood butterfly, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves. The volume ratio of ethanol to water in the aqueous ethanol solution is 1:1. The first mixture was heated to 45°C and treated for 5 hours. The first mixture after filtration yields a first filtrate and a first filter residue. The first filter residue was mixed with an aqueous solution of acetic acid to obtain a second mixture, which was then heated to 50°C for 1 hour; the aqueous solution of acetic acid contained 3% acetic acid by mass. The second mixture after filtration yields a second filtrate and a second filter residue. The first filtrate and the second filtrate are mixed, then concentrated and dried to obtain a dry powder, which is used as a traditional Chinese medicine additive. The mass ratio of Atractylodes macrocephala powder, apple peel powder, Codonopsis pilosula powder, and traditional Chinese medicine additives is 0.8:2.5:1:0.15. The mass ratio of wood butterfly, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves is 1.1:2:1:1.2:1.

[0035] Example 2: The preparation process of feed additives for cattle farming includes: Traditional Chinese medicine additives were prepared using orchid, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves; Atractylodes macrocephala powder, apple peel powder, Codonopsis pilosula powder and traditional Chinese medicine additives are mixed to obtain feed additives; The preparation methods of traditional Chinese medicine additives include: The raw materials are crushed and then mixed with an aqueous ethanol solution to obtain the first mixture. The raw materials include wood butterfly, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves. The volume ratio of ethanol to water in the aqueous ethanol solution is 3:1. The first mixture was heated to 65°C and treated for 2 hours. The first mixture after filtration yields a first filtrate and a first filter residue. The first filter residue was mixed with an aqueous solution of acetic acid to obtain a second mixture, which was then heated to 43°C for 3 hours; the aqueous solution of acetic acid contained 10% acetic acid by mass. The second mixture after filtration yields a second filtrate and a second filter residue. The first filtrate and the second filtrate are mixed, then concentrated and dried to obtain a dry powder, which is used as a traditional Chinese medicine additive. The mass ratio of Atractylodes macrocephala powder, apple peel powder, Codonopsis pilosula powder, and traditional Chinese medicine additives is 1.5:1:1:0.3. The mass ratio of wood butterfly, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves is 3:0.8:2.5:2:1.

[0036] Example 3: The preparation process of feed additives for cattle farming includes: Traditional Chinese medicine additives were prepared using orchid, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves; Atractylodes macrocephala powder, apple peel powder, Codonopsis pilosula powder and traditional Chinese medicine additives are mixed to obtain feed additives; The preparation methods of traditional Chinese medicine additives include: The raw materials are crushed and then mixed with an aqueous ethanol solution to obtain the first mixture. The raw materials include wood butterfly, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves. The volume ratio of ethanol to water in the aqueous ethanol solution is 2:1. The first mixture was heated to 55°C and treated for 3.5 hours; The first mixture after filtration yields a first filtrate and a first filter residue. The first filter residue was mixed with an aqueous solution of acetic acid to obtain a second mixture, which was then heated to 47°C for 2 hours; the aqueous solution of acetic acid contained 6% acetic acid by mass. The second mixture after filtration yields a second filtrate and a second filter residue. The first filtrate and the second filtrate are mixed, then concentrated and dried to obtain a dry powder, which is used as a traditional Chinese medicine additive. The mass ratio of Atractylodes macrocephala powder, apple peel powder, Codonopsis pilosula powder, and traditional Chinese medicine additives is 1.2:1.8:1:0.2. The mass ratio of wood butterfly, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves is 2:1.6:1.8:1.6:1.

[0037] Example 4: The difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is as follows: The method for preparing the traditional Chinese medicine additive also includes: The second filter residue from Example 1 and fig leaf powder were washed with water and filtered. The filtered material is mixed with water to obtain a third mixture. Cellulase, pectinase and xylanase are added to the third mixture for enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain the hydrolysate. The enzymatic hydrolysate is then concentrated and sterilized to obtain the fermentation substrate. The fermentation substrate is then inoculated and fermented. During the fermentation process, aerobic fermentation is carried out using the first fermentation agent, followed by anaerobic fermentation using the second fermentation agent. After fermentation, the substrate is dried to obtain the dried fermented product. The dried powder is then mixed with the dried fermented product as a traditional Chinese medicine additive. The first fermentation agent includes Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, and the second fermentation agent includes Bifidobacterium bifidum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The enzymatic hydrolysis temperature was 55°C, the hydrolysis time was 1 hour, and the pH was 4.6; the amount of cellulase added was 0.1%, the amount of pectinase added was 0.01%, and the amount of xylanase added was 0.07%. The fermentation temperature during the aerobic fermentation process was 37°C, and the fermentation time was 12 hours. The viable count of the first fermentation agent was 0.3% of the fermentation substrate mass, and the ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Bacillus licheniformis was 3:1. The fermentation temperature during the anaerobic fermentation process was 38°C, and the fermentation time was 15 hours. The viable count of the second fermentation agent was 0.2% of the fermentation substrate, and the ratio of Bifidobacterium bifidum to Saccharomyces cerevisiae was 2:1. The water content of the fermentation substrate is 55%; The mass ratio of eggplant leaf powder to fig leaf powder is 1:2.

[0038] Example 5: The difference between Example 5 and Example 2 is as follows: The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine additive also includes: The second filter residue from Example 2 and fig leaf powder were washed with water and filtered. The filtered material is mixed with water to obtain a third mixture. Cellulase, pectinase and xylanase are added to the third mixture for enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain the hydrolysate. The enzymatic hydrolysate is then concentrated and sterilized to obtain the fermentation substrate. The fermentation substrate is then inoculated and fermented. During the fermentation process, aerobic fermentation is carried out using the first fermentation agent, followed by anaerobic fermentation using the second fermentation agent. After fermentation, the substrate is dried to obtain the dried fermented product. The dried powder is then mixed with the dried fermented product as a traditional Chinese medicine additive. The first fermentation agent includes Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, and the second fermentation agent includes Bifidobacterium bifidum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The enzymatic hydrolysis temperature was 41°C, the hydrolysis time was 4 hours, and the pH was 5.1; the amount of cellulase added was 0.02%, the amount of pectinase added was 0.05%, and the amount of xylanase added was 0.02%. The fermentation temperature during the aerobic fermentation process was 28°C, and the fermentation time was 36 hours. The viable count of the first fermentation agent was 0.12% of the fermentation substrate mass, and the ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Bacillus licheniformis was 1:1. The fermentation temperature during the anaerobic fermentation process was 30°C, and the fermentation time was 48 hours. The viable count of the second fermentation agent was 0.08% of the fermentation substrate, and the ratio of Bifidobacterium bifidum to Saccharomyces cerevisiae was 0.8:1. The water content of the fermentation substrate was 59%; The mass ratio of eggplant leaf powder to fig leaf powder is 1:1.3.

[0039] Example 6: The difference between Example 6 and Example 3 is as follows: The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine additive also includes: The second filter residue from Example 3 and fig leaf powder were washed with water and filtered. The filtered material is mixed with water to obtain a third mixture. Cellulase, pectinase and xylanase are added to the third mixture for enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain the hydrolysate. The enzymatic hydrolysate is then concentrated and sterilized to obtain the fermentation substrate. The fermentation substrate is then inoculated and fermented. During the fermentation process, aerobic fermentation is carried out using the first fermentation agent, followed by anaerobic fermentation using the second fermentation agent. After fermentation, the substrate is dried to obtain the dried fermented product. The dried powder is then mixed with the dried fermented product as a traditional Chinese medicine additive. The first fermentation agent includes Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, and the second fermentation agent includes Bifidobacterium bifidum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The enzymatic hydrolysis temperature was 48°C, the hydrolysis time was 3 hours, and the pH was 4.8; the amount of cellulase added was 0.06%, the amount of pectinase added was 0.03%, and the amount of xylanase added was 0.04%. The fermentation temperature during the aerobic fermentation process was 32°C, and the fermentation time was 26 hours. The viable count of the first fermentation agent was 0.2% of the fermentation substrate mass, and the ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Bacillus licheniformis was 2:1. The fermentation temperature during the anaerobic fermentation process was 33°C, and the fermentation time was 28 hours. The viable count of the second fermentation agent was 0.16% of the fermentation substrate, and the ratio of Bifidobacterium bifidum to Saccharomyces cerevisiae was 1.5:1. The water content of the fermentation substrate is 57%; The mass ratio of eggplant leaf powder to fig leaf powder is 1:1.6.

[0040] Example 7: The difference between Example 7 and Example 6 is as follows: Before the enzymatic hydrolysis step of adding cellulase, pectinase, and xylanase to the third mixture, the following steps are also included: Add hydrogen peroxide to the third mixture and treat at 30°C for 50 min; Then add acetic acid solution and treat for 0.5 hours; Reheat to 45°C for 1.5 hours; The mass content of hydrogen peroxide in the third mixture is 0.06%, and the mass content of acetic acid in the third mixture is 0.3%.

[0041] Example 8: The difference between Example 8 and Example 6 is as follows: Before the enzymatic hydrolysis step of adding cellulase, pectinase, and xylanase to the third mixture, the following steps are also included: Add hydrogen peroxide to the third mixture and treat at 40°C for 20 minutes; Then add acetic acid solution and treat for 1.5 hours; Reheat to 55°C for 0.5 hours; The mass content of hydrogen peroxide in the third mixture is 0.2%, and the mass content of acetic acid in the third mixture is 0.9%.

[0042] Comparative Example 1: The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 6 is as follows: The amount of traditional Chinese medicine additives in the feed additives is 0.

[0043] Comparative Example 2: The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 6 is as follows: Atractylodes macrocephala powder, apple peel powder, Codonopsis pilosula powder, and Oroxylum indicum, dandelion, Poria cocos, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves are directly pulverized and mixed as additives. Oroxylum indicum, dandelion, Poria cocos, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves are not extracted. The amount of Chinese herbal additives is 0.

[0044] Comparative Example 3: The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 6 is as follows: The amount of fig leaf powder used is 0.

[0045] Comparative Example 4: The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 6 is as follows: In Example 3, the amount of the second filter residue was 0.

[0046] Comparative Example 5: The difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 6 is as follows: The second filter residue from Example 3 and fig leaf powder were washed with water and filtered. The filtered material is mixed with water to obtain a third mixture. Cellulase, pectinase and xylanase are added to the third mixture for enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain the hydrolysate. The enzymatic hydrolysate is then concentrated and sterilized, dried, and mixed with dried powder as a traditional Chinese medicine additive.

[0047] Comparative Example 6: The difference between Comparative Example 6 and Example 6 is as follows: The second filter residue from Example 3 and fig leaf powder were washed with water and filtered, and the filtered material was used as the fermentation substrate.

[0048] Comparative Example 7: The difference between Comparative Example 7 and Example 6 is as follows: The second filter residue from Example 3 and fig leaf powder were washed with water and filtered. The filtered material was then used as a fermentation substrate for inoculation and fermentation. During the fermentation process, aerobic fermentation was carried out using the first fermentation agent, followed by anaerobic fermentation using the second fermentation agent. After fermentation, the fermented material was mixed with water, and then cellulase, pectinase, and xylanase were added for enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain the hydrolysate. The hydrolysate was then dried, and the dried fermented material was mixed with dried powder as a traditional Chinese medicine additive.

[0049] Cattle of similar health condition were selected and divided into different groups. Each group was fed a feed additive prepared using a different method, while maintaining the same feeding and management practices. The feed additive of this invention was added to the basal feed, and the cattle were then fed and their physical indicators were tested.

[0050] Example A1: The feed additive prepared in Example 1 is added to the basic feed, and the amount of feed additive can be 2% of the weight of the basic feed; The basic feed consists of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and corn stalks, with a mass ratio of 2:1.3:1.2:1.5.

[0051] Example A2: The feed additive prepared in Example 2 is added to the basic feed, and the amount of feed additive can be 2% of the weight of the basic feed; The basic feed consists of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and corn stalks, with a mass ratio of 2:1.3:1.2:1.5.

[0052] Example A3: The feed additive prepared in Example 3 is added to the basic feed, and the amount of feed additive can be 2% of the weight of the basic feed; The basic feed consists of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and corn stalks, with a mass ratio of 2:1.3:1.2:1.5.

[0053] Example A4: The feed additive prepared in Example 4 is added to the basic feed, and the amount of feed additive can be 2% of the weight of the basic feed; The basic feed consists of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and corn stalks, with a mass ratio of 2:1.3:1.2:1.5.

[0054] Example A5: The feed additive prepared in Example 5 is added to the basic feed, and the amount of feed additive can be 2% of the weight of the basic feed; The basic feed consists of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and corn stalks, with a mass ratio of 2:1.3:1.2:1.5.

[0055] Example A6: The feed additive prepared in Example 6 is added to the basic feed, and the amount of feed additive can be 2% of the weight of the basic feed; The basic feed consists of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and corn stalks, with a mass ratio of 2:1.3:1.2:1.5.

[0056] Example A7: The feed additive prepared in Example 7 is added to the basic feed, and the amount of feed additive can be 2% of the weight of the basic feed; The basic feed consists of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and corn stalks, with a mass ratio of 2:1.3:1.2:1.5.

[0057] Example A8: The feed additive prepared in Example 8 is added to the basic feed, and the amount of feed additive can be 2% of the weight of the basic feed; The basic feed consists of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and corn stalks, with a mass ratio of 2:1.3:1.2:1.5.

[0058] Comparative Example A1: The additives prepared in Comparative Example 1 were added to the basal feed. The amount of feed additives could be 2% of the mass of the basal feed. The basic feed consists of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and corn stalks, with a mass ratio of 2:1.3:1.2:1.5.

[0059] Comparative Example A2: The additives prepared in Comparative Example 2 were added to the basal feed. The amount of feed additives could be 2% of the mass of the basal feed. The basic feed consists of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and corn stalks, with a mass ratio of 2:1.3:1.2:1.5.

[0060] Comparative Example A3: The additives prepared in Comparative Example 3 were added to the basal feed. The amount of feed additives could be 2% of the basal feed mass. The basic feed consists of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and corn stalks, with a mass ratio of 2:1.3:1.2:1.5.

[0061] Comparative Example A4: The additives prepared in Comparative Example 4 were added to the basal feed. The amount of feed additives could be 2% of the basal feed mass. The basic feed consists of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and corn stalks, with a mass ratio of 2:1.3:1.2:1.5.

[0062] Comparative Example A5: The additives prepared in Comparative Example 5 were added to the basal feed. The amount of the additives could be 2% of the mass of the basal feed. The basic feed consists of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and corn stalks, with a mass ratio of 2:1.3:1.2:1.5.

[0063] Comparative Example A6: The additives prepared in Comparative Example 6 were added to the basal feed. The amount of the additives could be 2% of the mass of the basal feed. The basic feed consists of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and corn stalks, with a mass ratio of 2:1.3:1.2:1.5.

[0064] Comparative Example A7: The additives prepared in Comparative Example 7 were added to the basal feed. The amount of the additives could be 2% of the mass of the basal feed. The basic feed consists of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and corn stalks, with a mass ratio of 2:1.3:1.2:1.5.

[0065] Comparative Example A8: No additives were added to the basic feed; The basic feed consists of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and corn stalks, with a mass ratio of 2:1.3:1.2:1.5.

[0066] Cattle with similar health conditions and suffering from diarrhea were selected and divided into different groups. Each group was fed with additives prepared using different methods, while maintaining the same feeding and management practices. The feed additives of this invention were added to the basal diet, and the cattle were then fed. The average number of diarrhea episodes per cow in each group per day was tested. The average number of diarrhea episodes per cow in each group after different feeding times is shown in Table 1.

[0067] Cattle with similar health conditions and suffering from diarrhea were selected and divided into different groups. Each group was fed with additives prepared using different methods, while maintaining the same feeding and management practices. The feed additives of this invention were added to the basal diet, and the cattle were then fed. The average number of diarrhea episodes per cow in each group per day was tested. The average number of diarrhea episodes per cow in each group after different feeding times is shown in Table 1.

[0068] Table 1. Average number of diarrhea episodes per cow in each group. Example A1 9.7 7.8 5.0 3.1 0.2 Example A2 9.8 7.4 4.7 2.6 0.1 Example A3 9.6 7.6 4.4 2.2 0.3 Example A4 9.5 6.2 2.2 0.3 0 Example A5 9.4 6.1 2.4 0.4 0 Example A6 9.7 5.8 2.2 0.2 0 Example A7 9.7 4.6 1.7 0 0 Example A8 9.5 4.3 1.6 0 0 Comparative Example A1 9.6 8.7 6.6 5.2 3.1 Comparative Example A2 9.7 8.4 6.0 4.5 2.8 Comparative Example A3 9.4 6.7 3.8 1.5 0.1 Comparative Example A4 9.6 7.1 4.1 1.7 0.2 Comparative Example A5 9.6 7.2 3.7 2.1 0.4 Comparative Example A6 9.7 6.7 3.5 1.8 0.2 Comparative Example A7 9.5 7.2 4.2 1.9 0.3 Comparative Example A8 9.6 8.8 6.9 5.4 3.4 As shown in Table 1, the additives in this invention can inhibit diarrhea in cattle and effectively reduce the frequency of diarrhea. The use of traditional Chinese medicine additives can achieve the goal of inhibiting diarrhea and ensuring the healthy growth of cattle.

[0069] Cattle of similar health condition were selected and divided into different groups. Each group was fed additives prepared by different methods, while maintaining the same feeding and management practices. The feed additives of this invention were added to the basal feed, and the cattle were fed for 4 days. The number of pathogenic bacteria in the feces before and after feeding was measured, and the reduction rate of pathogenic bacteria in the feces before and after feeding was calculated. The reduction rates of pathogenic bacteria in the feces before and after feeding are shown in Table 2.

[0070] Table 2. Reduction rate of pathogenic bacteria in feces before and after feeding. Example A1 58.2 63.3 65.7 Example A2 57.3 62.2 67.4 Example A3 59.1 64.6 64.9 Example A4 70.5 74.6 76.3 Example A5 68.2 77.1 78.6 Example A6 69.5 76.4 77.1 Example A7 72.3 79.3 78.9 Example A8 73.7 77.5 79.3 Comparative Example A1 6.7 9.4 7.1 Comparative Example A2 17.6 26.4 30.9 Comparative Example A3 63.5 67.8 71.5 Comparative Example A4 65.3 70.7 69.2 Comparative Example A5 63.1 66.5 67.6 Comparative Example A6 65.1 67.4 69.8 Comparative Example A7 66.5 68.6 71.5 Comparative Example A8 2.4 0.7 0.3 As shown in Table 2, after feeding cattle with the additives of the present invention, the number of the aforementioned harmful bacteria in the cattle manure was significantly reduced. This indicates that the harmful bacteria in the cattle manure were reduced, thus ensuring the intestinal health of the cattle and reducing the risk of diseases caused by harmful pathogens.

[0071] Cattle of similar health condition were selected and divided into different groups. Each group was fed with additives prepared by different methods, while maintaining the same feeding and management practices. The feed additives of this invention were added to the basal feed, and the cattle were fed for 7 days. Serum immune indicators of the cattle before and after feeding were measured, and the increase rates of IgA, IgG, and IgM values ​​before and after feeding were calculated. The increase rates of IgA, IgG, and IgM values ​​before and after feeding are shown in Table 3.

[0072] Table 3. Increase rate of IgA, IgG, and IgM levels before and after feeding Example A1 61.7 68.3 56.9 Example A2 60.5 66.2 52.8 Example A3 61.8 67.3 54.7 Example A4 75.6 77.4 67.4 Example A5 77.5 77.1 65.5 Example A6 76.7 76.3 66.9 Example A7 76.3 78.6 70.2 Example A8 77.4 77.5 71.5 Comparative Example A1 9.8 13.8 7.9 Comparative Example A2 25.7 34.2 26.3 Comparative Example A3 72.4 73.5 60.4 Comparative Example A4 70.3 69.8 61.7 Comparative Example A5 69.7 70.3 60.1 Comparative Example A6 64.5 73.1 58.8 Comparative Example A7 67.1 68.9 61.6 Comparative Example A8 0 0.2 0 As shown in Table 3, the serum IgA, IgG, and IgM levels of cattle fed with this additive can be significantly increased, which can effectively enhance the cattle's immunity, increase their ability to resist diseases, and promote their healthy growth.

[0073] The present invention has been described above in conjunction with embodiments thereof. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a feed additive for cattle farming, characterized in that, include: Traditional Chinese medicine additives were prepared using orchid, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves; Atractylodes macrocephala powder, apple peel powder, Codonopsis pilosula powder, and traditional Chinese medicine additives are mixed to obtain feed additives.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine additive includes: The raw materials are pulverized, and the pulverized raw materials are added to an aqueous ethanol solution for mixing to obtain a first mixture; the raw materials include wood butterfly, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, and eggplant leaves; The first mixture is heated to 45-65°C and treated for 2-5 hours. The first mixture after filtration yields a first filtrate and a first filter residue. The first filter residue is mixed with an aqueous solution of acetic acid to obtain a second mixture, which is then heated to 43-50°C for 1-3 hours. The second mixture after filtration yields a second filtrate and a second filter residue. The first filtrate and the second filtrate are mixed, then concentrated and dried to obtain a dry powder, which is used as a traditional Chinese medicine additive.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine additive also includes: The second filter residue and fig leaf powder were washed with water and filtered. The filtered material is mixed with water to obtain a third mixture. Cellulase, pectinase and xylanase are added to the third mixture for enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain the hydrolysate. The enzymatic hydrolysate is then concentrated and sterilized to obtain the fermentation substrate. The fermentation substrate is then inoculated and fermented. During the fermentation process, aerobic fermentation is carried out using the first fermentation agent, followed by anaerobic fermentation using the second fermentation agent. After fermentation, the substrate is dried to obtain the dried fermented product. The dried powder is then mixed with the dried fermented product as a traditional Chinese medicine additive. The first fermentation agent includes Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, and the second fermentation agent includes Bifidobacterium bifidum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 41-55°C, the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 1-4 hours, and the pH is 4.2-6.

5.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The amount of cellulase added is 0.02-0.1% of the filtered material, the amount of pectinase added is 0.01-0.05% of the filtered material, and the amount of xylanase added is 0.02-0.07% of the filtered material.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fermentation temperature in aerobic fermentation is 28-37°C, and the fermentation time is 12-36 hours; and / or The viable cell count of the first fermentation inoculant is 0.12-0.3% of the fermentation substrate mass, and the ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Bacillus licheniformis is (1-3):1; and / or The anaerobic fermentation process involves a fermentation temperature of 30-38°C and a fermentation time of 15-48 hours; and / or The viable cell count of the second fermentation agent is 0.08-0.2% of the fermentation substrate, and the ratio of Bifidobacterium bifidum to Saccharomyces cerevisiae is (0.8-2):1; and / or The moisture content of the fermentation substrate is 55-59%.

7. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Before the enzymatic hydrolysis step of adding cellulase, pectinase, and xylanase to the third mixture, the following steps are also included: Add hydrogen peroxide to the third mixture and treat at 30-40°C for 20-50 minutes; Then add acetic acid solution and treat for 0.5-1.5 hours; Reheat to 45-55°C and process for 0.5-1.5 hours.

8. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mass ratio of Atractylodes macrocephala powder, apple peel powder, Codonopsis pilosula powder, and traditional Chinese medicine additives is (0.8-1.5):(1-2.5):1:(0.15-0.3). The mass ratio of wood butterfly, dandelion, poria cocos, pomelo peel, eggplant leaf, and fig leaf powder is (1.1-3):(0.8-2):(1-2.5):(1.2-2):1:(1.3-2).

9. A feed additive for cattle farming, characterized in that, include: Prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. The use of the feed additive prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-8 in inhibiting diarrhea and / or improving immunity in cattle.