A method for promoting the growth of low birth weight piglets by nutritional regulation

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of animal nutrition, in particular to a kind of nutrition regulation method for promoting the growth of low birth weight (LBW) piglets.The present application obtains the bile acid combination (including HCA, HDCA, CDCA, DCA and 12-ketoLCA) that can effectively reverse the growth performance defects of LBW piglets by systematic screening, and scientifically compound it with lactobacillus plantarum, streptococcus thermophilus and fructo-oligosaccharide, to realize the multi-target, systematic repair of LBW piglets.The present application not only realizes the rapid improvement of short-term growth performance, but also reverses the growth defects of LBW piglets from the root, with long-acting, sustainable repair effect.The present application provides a practical and effective technical solution for improving pig production level, reducing feeding risk and improving overall breeding benefit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of animal nutrition technology, specifically to a nutritional regulation method for promoting the growth of low birth weight piglets. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of modern breeding technology, the increase in litter size has been accompanied by a significant rise in the proportion of low birth weight (LBW) piglets, which has become a major bottleneck restricting the profitability of pig farming. LBW piglets are typically defined as pigs with a birth weight of less than 1 kg (or 1.5-2 standard deviations below the average birth weight of the herd), accounting for 15%-25% of newborn piglets (Zhang et al. 2021). Due to impaired maternal immune transmission and delayed intestinal immune development, LBW piglets are prone to intestinal mucosal damage and inflammatory cascade reactions, significantly increasing morbidity and mortality, resulting in billions of yuan in economic losses to my country's pig industry annually. Although LBW piglets significantly increase the management difficulty of large-scale pig farms in terms of nutrition supply, environmental control, and disease prevention, their high proportion (up to 20%) makes improving their survival rate through early intervention programs and refined feeding management essential for ensuring farming profitability.

[0003] Low birth weight piglets face multiple physiological challenges, among which bile acid metabolism disorder is a key factor affecting their intestinal health and growth. Bile acids, as core metabolites of the enterohepatic circulation, are synthesized, transported, and transformed by microorganisms, collectively maintaining host metabolic homeostasis. Previous studies have indicated that low birth weight piglets, due to incomplete liver function development and delayed intestinal flora colonization, may experience problems such as dysregulation of bile acid synthesis, reduced enterohepatic circulation efficiency, and insufficient production of secondary bile acids (SBA). In previous studies, the applicant discovered through targeted metabolomics analysis that low birth weight piglets (LBW) characteristically lack multiple bile acids in their intestines, while the levels of cholesterol and total bile acids in LBW serum and liver are significantly higher than in normal piglets, exhibiting typical characteristics of bile acid metabolism disorder. The applicant previously attempted to improve intestinal barrier function by exogenously supplementing with a mixed bile acid rich in porcine deoxycholic acid, specifically manifested as increased cecal length, increased mucosal thickness, and enhanced expression of tight junction proteins and mucin-2. Although these intestinal structural indicators objectively improved, the growth performance of LBW piglets did not significantly improve. This phenomenon indicates that under the specific physiological and pathological state of LBW piglets, existing methods can only improve a few indicators (such as intestinal structure) and are insufficient to promote comprehensive growth performance restoration. Therefore, further research is needed on nutritional regulation methods that can promote the growth of low birth weight piglets. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a nutritional regulation method to promote the growth of low birth weight piglets. The method of this invention precisely combines porcine cholic acid (HCA), porcine deoxycholic acid (HDCA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), deoxycholic acid (DCA), and 12-ketolithocholic acid (12-ketoLCA), and adds Lactobacillus plantarum, Streptococcus thermophilus, and fructooligosaccharides. Through exogenous supplementation, it can quickly reverse the bile acid metabolism disorder in LBW piglets and effectively improve the growth performance of LBW piglets.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a nutritional regulator for promoting the growth of low birth weight piglets, the nutritional regulator comprising the following components and their parts by weight: 50-80 parts of porcine cholic acid, 20-40 parts of porcine deoxycholic acid, 15-30 parts of chenodeoxycholic acid, 5-15 parts of deoxycholic acid, and 1-5 parts of 12-ketolithocholic acid.

[0007] Furthermore, the nutrient regulator also contains 5-10 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum freeze-dried powder, 1-5 parts of Streptococcus thermophilus freeze-dried powder, and 5-10 parts of fructooligosaccharides.

[0008] A second aspect of this invention provides the application of the above-described nutritional regulator in the preparation of products that reverse bile acid metabolism disorders in low birth weight piglets.

[0009] A third aspect of this invention provides the application of the above-described nutritional regulator in the preparation of products that promote the growth performance of low birth weight piglets.

[0010] The fourth aspect of this invention provides the application of the above-described nutritional regulator in the preparation of products that reduce the diarrhea rate in low birth weight piglets.

[0011] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a method for nutritional regulation to promote the growth of low birth weight piglets, the method comprising the following steps:

[0012] Starting from the 5th to the 8th day after birth, low birth weight piglets should be given compound bile acids by gavage for 10-14 consecutive days.

[0013] Weaning should be performed on the 21st or 28th day after birth following gavage.

[0014] The compound bile acid comprises the following components and their weight parts: 50-80 parts of porcine cholic acid, 20-40 parts of porcine deoxycholic acid, 15-30 parts of chenodeoxycholic acid, 5-15 parts of deoxycholic acid, and 1-5 parts of 12-ketolithocholic acid.

[0015] In a sixth aspect, the present invention provides another method for nutritional regulation to promote the growth of low birth weight piglets, the method comprising the following steps:

[0016] Starting from the 5th to the 8th day after birth, low birth weight piglets should be given compound bile acids and compound probiotics by gavage for 10-14 consecutive days.

[0017] Weaning should be performed on the 21st or 28th day after birth following gavage.

[0018] The compound bile acid contains the following components and their weight parts: 50-80 parts of porcine cholic acid, 20-40 parts of porcine deoxycholic acid, 15-30 parts of chenodeoxycholic acid, 5-15 parts of deoxycholic acid, and 1-5 parts of 12-ketolithocholic acid.

[0019] The compound probiotic contains the following components and their weight parts: 5-10 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum freeze-dried powder, 1-5 parts of Streptococcus thermophilus freeze-dried powder, and 5-10 parts of fructooligosaccharides.

[0020] In a seventh aspect, the present invention provides another method for nutritional regulation to promote the growth of low birth weight piglets, the method comprising the following steps:

[0021] Starting from the 5th to the 8th day after birth, low birth weight piglets should be given compound bile acids by gavage for 10-14 consecutive days.

[0022] Weaning should be performed on the 21st or 28th day after birth following gavage.

[0023] After weaning, feed the baby a diet containing compound probiotics for 14-28 days;

[0024] The compound bile acid contains the following components and their weight parts: 50-80 parts of porcine cholic acid, 20-40 parts of porcine deoxycholic acid, 15-30 parts of chenodeoxycholic acid, 5-15 parts of deoxycholic acid, and 1-5 parts of 12-ketolithocholic acid.

[0025] The compound probiotic contains the following components and their weight parts: 5-10 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum freeze-dried powder, 1-5 parts of Streptococcus thermophilus freeze-dried powder, and 5-10 parts of fructooligosaccharides.

[0026] Furthermore, when administering compound bile acids via gavage, a 1wt%-6wt% sodium bicarbonate solution is used as the solvent.

[0027] Furthermore, after administering compound bile acids by gavage for 10-20 minutes, administer compound probiotics by gavage, using water as the solvent when administering the compound probiotics.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0029] This invention, through systematic screening, obtained a combination of bile acids (including HCA, HDCA, CDCA, DCA, and 12-ketoLCA) that can effectively reverse the growth performance defects of LBW piglets. These bile acids were then scientifically compounded with *Lactobacillus plantarum*, *Streptococcus thermophilus*, and fructooligosaccharides to achieve multi-target, systemic repair of LBW piglets. Experiments showed that during continuous intervention, the average daily weight gain of LBW piglets nearly surpassed that of normal piglets, and the diarrhea rate significantly decreased. More importantly, after the intervention was discontinued, the piglets in the corresponding intervention group maintained good growth momentum. By 49 days of age, their average weight and average daily weight gain from 1 to 49 days of age were slightly higher than the normal control group (CON group). This proves that the nutritional regulators described in this invention not only achieved a rapid improvement in the short-term growth performance of LBW piglets but also fundamentally reversed the growth defects, exhibiting a long-term and sustainable repair effect. This invention provides a practical and effective technical solution for improving pig production levels, reducing feeding risks, and increasing overall breeding efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 Serum and liver cholesterol and bile acid levels in low birth weight piglets and normal piglets; Note: (A) total serum cholesterol; (B) total serum bile acids; (C) total liver cholesterol; (D) total liver bile acids; Data are presented as mean ± standard error (n = 8), and an asterisk (*) indicates P < 0.05.

[0031] Figure 2 Serum total cholesterol and total bile levels in 14-day-old NBW and LBW piglets. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following detailed description is merely illustrative and intended to further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0033] The terminology used herein is for describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Unless the context clearly specifies otherwise, singular expressions should be understood to include plural forms.

[0034] The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” “containing,” and their grammatical synonyms used in this article are all open-ended expressions and should generally be understood as not excluding other elements, components, or steps not explicitly stated, unless otherwise specifically limited or understood from the context.

[0035] As used herein, the phrase “one or more of…” should be understood to include each of the items listed below, as well as any combination of two or more items. For the phrase “and / or”, it should be understood to mean any one, any two or more of the listed items, unless the context clearly implies otherwise.

[0036] In this document, "A and / or B" refers to the following three scenarios: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. "At least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. "At least one of the following" means any combination of the listed items, including a single item or a combination of any number of items.

[0037] It should be understood that the order of the steps or the order in which certain actions are performed is not important as long as the invention remains operational. Furthermore, two or more steps or actions can be performed simultaneously.

[0038] The use of any and all instances or exemplary language such as “e.g.” or “including” in this document is merely intended to better illustrate the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention unless the claims are made. No language in this specification should be construed as indicating that any unclaimed element is essential to the practice of the invention.

[0039] Furthermore, the numerical ranges and parameters used to define the present invention are approximate values, and the relevant values ​​in the specific embodiments have been presented as precisely as possible. However, any value inevitably contains standard deviations due to individual test methods. Therefore, unless explicitly stated otherwise, it should be understood that all ranges, quantities, values, and percentages used in this disclosure are modified with the word "approximately". Here, "approximately" generally means that the actual value is within plus or minus 10%, 5%, 1%, or 0.5% of a specific value or range.

[0040] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above processes does not imply the order of execution. Some or all steps may be executed in parallel or sequentially. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0041] The embodiments of this invention describe some examples, in which the embodiments illustrate certain implementations of the invention. However, this does not mean that the effects of the invention can only be achieved in these examples.

[0042] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0043] All reagents used in the following examples are commercial products, and methods not disclosed in detail are existing technologies.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] A nutritional regulator for promoting the growth of low birth weight piglets, the nutritional regulator being composed of compound bile acids and compound probiotics.

[0046] The complex bile acid is composed of the following components and their weight parts: 60 parts of porcine cholic acid, 25 parts of porcine deoxycholic acid, 20 parts of chenodeoxycholic acid, 10 parts of deoxycholic acid, and 3 parts of 12-ketolithocholic acid.

[0047] The compound probiotic is composed of the following components and their weight parts: 8 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum freeze-dried powder, 5 parts of Streptococcus thermophilus freeze-dried powder, and 8 parts of fructooligosaccharides.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] A nutritional regulator for promoting the growth of low birth weight piglets, the nutritional regulator being composed of compound bile acids and compound probiotics.

[0050] The complex bile acid is composed of the following components and their weight parts: 80 parts porcine cholic acid, 40 parts porcine deoxycholic acid, 15 parts chenodeoxycholic acid, 5 parts deoxycholic acid, and 1 part 12-ketolithocholic acid.

[0051] The compound probiotic is composed of the following components and their weight parts: 5 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum freeze-dried powder, 5 parts of Streptococcus thermophilus freeze-dried powder, and 5 parts of fructooligosaccharides.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] A nutritional regulator for promoting the growth of low birth weight piglets, the nutritional regulator being composed of the following components and their parts by weight: 60 parts of porcine cholic acid, 25 parts of porcine deoxycholic acid, 20 parts of chenodeoxycholic acid, 10 parts of deoxycholic acid, and 3 parts of 12-ketolithocholic acid.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] A method for nutritional regulation to promote the growth of low birth weight piglets, the method comprising the following steps:

[0056] The compound bile acids described in Example 1 were administered via gavage starting on the 5th to 8th day after birth of low birth weight piglets, and continued for 14 days. During gavage, a 1wt% sodium bicarbonate solution was used as the solvent.

[0057] Weaning was performed on the 21st day after birth following gavage.

[0058] Example 5

[0059] A nutritional regulation method for promoting the growth of low birth weight piglets, characterized in that the method includes the following steps:

[0060] Starting from the 5th to the 8th day after birth, low birth weight piglets were given the compound bile acids and compound probiotics described in Example 1 by gavage for 14 consecutive days. When administering the compound bile acids by gavage, a 1wt% sodium bicarbonate solution was used as the solvent. The compound probiotics were administered by gavage 15 minutes after the compound bile acids were administered, and water was used as the solvent when administering the compound probiotics.

[0061] Weaning was performed on the 21st day after birth following gavage.

[0062] Example 6

[0063] A nutritional regulation method for promoting the growth of low birth weight piglets, characterized in that the method includes the following steps:

[0064] The compound bile acids described in Example 1 were administered via gavage starting on the 5th to 8th day after birth of low birth weight piglets, and continued for 14 days. During gavage, a 1wt% sodium bicarbonate solution was used as the solvent.

[0065] Weaning was performed on the 21st day after birth following gavage.

[0066] After weaning, feed the baby a diet containing the compound probiotics described in Example 1 for 28 days;

[0067] Test case

[0068] Previous studies have found that LBW piglets have significantly higher levels of total cholesterol (TC) and total bile acids (TBA) in their serum and liver compared to normal piglets. Figure 1 As shown, the total bile acid levels in the ileum and colon of LBW piglets showed a decreasing trend, with a particularly significant decrease in secondary bile acids.

[0069] The following bile acid combinations were designed to investigate the effects of different bile acid combinations on the growth performance of LBW.

[0070] Bile acid P1 combination: HCA 60 parts, HDCA 25 parts, CDCA 20 parts, DCA 10 parts, 12-ketoLCA 3 parts;

[0071] Bile acid P2 combination: HCA 60 parts, HDCA 25 parts, CDCA 20 parts, DCA 10 parts, UDCA 3 parts;

[0072] Bile acid P3 combination: HDCA 60 parts, HCA 25 parts, CDCA 20 parts, DCA 10 parts, 12-ketoLCA 3 parts;

[0073] 1. Method

[0074] Piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Large White three-way crossbred) were naturally delivered from multiparous sows (Landrace × Large White, 3-6 parities) at a gestation period of 113-114 days. Sows were fed a basal diet meeting or exceeding the nutritional requirements of the NRC (2012) guidelines and had free access to water. In each litter, one piglet with normal birth weight (NBW, 1.35-1.55 kg) and one piglet with low birth weight (LBW; birth weight below 70% of the NBW range) were marked on the day of birth to ensure consistent postpartum care and nursing opportunities. The total number of piglets per litter was maintained at 10 through standardized farrowing management to minimize nursing competition between LBW and NBW piglets. The study included both boars and sows, with an equal sex ratio in each experimental group. All piglets were housed with their original litters on slatted plastic flooring throughout the experiment, and efforts were made to maintain a clean environment to reduce the risk of disease. No antibiotics or other medications were used on any sows or piglets during the experiment.

[0075] Thirty LBW piglets and six NBW piglets were obtained from 15 litters. These piglets were divided into six groups (n=6): CON (NBW), LBW, LBW-P1, LBW-P2, LBW-P3, and LBW-P4. All piglets were fed normal sow's milk from day 1 to day 6 without any treatment. Piglets in the NBW and LBW-CON groups were administered sterile 1% sodium bicarbonate by gavage from day 7 to day 20. Piglets in the LBW-P1, LBW-P2, LBW-P3, and LBW-P4 groups were administered different nutritional regulators by gavage from day 7 to day 20.

[0076] LBW-T1 group: Bile acid P1 combination was administered by gavage. The bile acid combination was dissolved in 1% sodium bicarbonate during gavage. The gavage dose was 45 mg / kg BW.

[0077] LBW-T2 group: Bile acid P2 combination was administered by gavage. The bile acid combination was dissolved in 1% sodium bicarbonate during gavage. The gavage dose was 45 mg / kg BW.

[0078] LBW-T3 group: Bile acid P3 combination was administered by gavage. The bile acid combination was dissolved in 1% sodium bicarbonate during gavage. The gavage dose was 45 mg / kg BW.

[0079] LBW-T4 group: First, administer bile acid P1 combination by gavage. Dissolve the bile acid combination in 1% sodium bicarbonate during gavage and adjust the gavage dose to 45 mg / kg BW. After administering the bile acid combination by gavage for 15 minutes, administer the compound probiotics by gavage. Water is used as the solvent when administering the compound probiotics. The compound probiotics consist of the following components and their weight parts: 8 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum lyophilized powder, 5 parts of Streptococcus thermophilus lyophilized powder, and 8 parts of fructooligosaccharides.

[0080] All piglets were gavaged once daily, with 2 mL administered each time. Temperature and humidity were maintained constant in the experimental pigsty, and piglets had free access to breast milk and water during the gavage period. After 21 days of age, all piglets were weaned and fed a basal diet for 28 days. The basal diet was formulated according to the NRC (2012) nutritional standards for piglets weighing 5-7 kg, designed to meet the nutritional needs of the experimental pigs (see Table 1). During the basal diet period, all piglets had free access to food and water. The piglets' condition, survival rate, and presence of any abnormal symptoms such as diarrhea were observed and recorded daily throughout the experiment.

[0081] Table 1. Composition of basal diet (air-dried basal diet)

[0082]

[0083] Note: 1 The premix provides the following per kilogram of feed: VA 10500 IU, VD 3300 IU, VE 22.5 IU, VK 3mg, VB2 7.5mg, VB1 0.03 mg, I (potassium iodide) 19 mg, Fe (ferrous sulfate) 333 mg, Se (sodium selenite) 6mg, Cu (copper sulfate) 10 mg, Mn (manganese sulfate) 129 mg, Zn (zinc oxide) 400 mg, choline chloride 500 mg, biotin 0.12 mg, folic acid 1.5 mg, niacin 30 mg, and calcium pantothenate 30 mg.

[0084] 2 Dry matter, crude protein, calcium, total phosphorus, and amino acids are measured values, while digestible energy is a calculated value.

[0085] 2. Sample collection and index testing

[0086] (1) During the experiment, piglets in each group were accurately weighed at 14 and 21 days of age. At the same time, the health status of each piglet in each group was carefully observed and recorded every day, and the fecal shape and degree of diarrhea were observed and the diarrhea rate was calculated. The fecal scoring system of the University of Michigan was used for scoring. A score ≥1 was considered as diarrhea in piglets. The diarrhea scoring criteria are shown in Table 2.

[0087] Diarrhea rate (%) = [(Number of piglets with diarrhea in each group during the experimental period × Number of days with diarrhea) / (Number of piglets in each experimental group × Number of days in the experimental period)] × 100.

[0088] Table 2 Diarrhea Scoring Criteria

[0089]

[0090] (2) Accurately record the basal feed intake of piglets in each group during the period of 21-49 days of age. Weigh the piglets on an empty stomach at the beginning and end of the experiment and calculate the average daily weight gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion ratio (F / G) of piglets after weaning during the experimental period. At the same time, carefully observe and record the health status of each piglet in each group every day, observe the shape of feces and the degree of diarrhea, and calculate the diarrhea rate.

[0091] Average daily weight gain = (final weight - initial weight) / number of days of feeding;

[0092] Average daily feed intake = Total feed intake / Number of feeding days;

[0093] Feed conversion ratio = Total feed intake / Total weight gain.

[0094] (3) At 14 days of age, blood was collected from the anterior vena cava of piglets. Serum was obtained by centrifugation at 850 g for 15 minutes at 4°C and stored in fractions at -80°C for the determination of total bile acids (TBA). Serum total bile acid (TBA) levels were detected using a kit from Nanjing Jiancheng Biotechnology Research Institute.

[0095] 3. Results Analysis

[0096] (1) Effects of regulators on serum / liver total cholesterol and total bile acid content in 14-day-old piglets

[0097] like Figure 2 As shown, the serum total bile acid content of 14-day-old LBW group piglets was significantly higher than that of CON group piglets. Compared with the LBW group, the total bile acid content of LBW-T1, LBW-T2, LBW-T3, and LBW-T4 groups was significantly lower, with the LBW-T4 group having the closest total bile acid content to the CON group. Furthermore, the content of each major bile acid in the ileum of LBW-T4 group piglets was also similar to that of CON group piglets. This indicates that the bile acids in the regulator described in this invention can exert a synergistic effect with *Lactobacillus plantarum*, *Streptococcus thermophilus*, and fructooligosaccharides to jointly promote the recovery of bile acid metabolism function in LBW piglets.

[0098] (2) Growth performance and diarrhea status of piglets in each group

[0099] Table 3. Growth performance and diarrhea rate of various piglets

[0100]

[0101] As shown in Table 3, compared with the LBW group, the average daily weight gain of piglets in the LBW-T1 group was significantly increased, and the diarrhea rate of piglets was significantly reduced. This indicates that the bile acid P1 combination can significantly improve the growth performance of LBW piglets and significantly reduce the diarrhea rate. Furthermore, the bile acid P1 combination is superior to the bile acid P2 and P3 combinations in both improving the average daily weight gain of LBW piglets and reducing diarrhea.

[0102] The average daily weight gain of piglets in the LBW-T4 group was significantly better than that in the LBW-T1 group, and the average daily weight gain from 21 to 49 days and from 1 to 49 days was significantly higher than that in the CON group. The diarrhea rate from 1 to 49 days was lower than that in the CON group. This indicates that the present invention can effectively reverse the growth defects of LBW piglets by supplementing them with a specific combination of bile acids, beneficial intestinal bacteria, and dietary fiber that is conducive to intestinal microbial fermentation.

[0103] Feeding LBW piglets with the method described in Example 6 can also significantly improve their growth performance and reduce their diarrhea rate, but the effect is not as good as that of the method described in Example 5. This indicates that simultaneously intervening with the compound bile acid and compound probiotics described in this invention in the early stage of LBW piglet feeding is more conducive to reversing the growth defects of LBW piglets.

[0104] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nutritional regulator for promoting the growth of low birth weight piglets, characterized in that, The nutritional regulator contains a complex bile acid, which comprises the following components and their parts by weight: 50-80 parts of porcine cholic acid, 20-40 parts of porcine deoxycholic acid, 15-30 parts of chenodeoxycholic acid, 5-15 parts of deoxycholic acid, and 1-5 parts of 12-ketolithocholic acid.

2. The nutrient regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nutritional regulator also contains a compound probiotic, which includes the following components and their weight parts: 5-10 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum freeze-dried powder, 1-5 parts of Streptococcus thermophilus freeze-dried powder, and 5-10 parts of fructooligosaccharides.

3. The use of the nutritional regulator according to claim 1 or 2 in the preparation of a product that reverses bile acid metabolism disorder in low birth weight piglets.

4. The use of the nutritional regulator of claim 1 or 2 in the preparation of products that promote the growth performance of low birth weight piglets.

5. The use of the regulator according to claim 1 or 2 in the preparation of a product that reduces the rate of diarrhea in low birth weight piglets.

6. A method for nutritional regulation to promote the growth of low birth weight piglets, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Starting from the 5th to the 8th day after birth, low birth weight piglets should be given compound bile acids by gavage for 10-14 consecutive days. Weaning should be performed on the 21st or 28th day after birth following gavage. The compound bile acid comprises the following components and their weight parts: 50-80 parts of porcine cholic acid, 20-40 parts of porcine deoxycholic acid, 15-30 parts of chenodeoxycholic acid, 5-15 parts of deoxycholic acid, and 1-5 parts of 12-ketolithocholic acid.

7. A method for nutritional regulation to promote the growth of low birth weight piglets, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Starting from the 5th to the 8th day after birth, low birth weight piglets should be given compound bile acids and compound probiotics by gavage for 10-14 consecutive days. Weaning should be performed on the 21st or 28th day after birth following gavage. The compound bile acid contains the following components and their weight parts: 50-80 parts of porcine cholic acid, 20-40 parts of porcine deoxycholic acid, 15-30 parts of chenodeoxycholic acid, 5-15 parts of deoxycholic acid, and 1-5 parts of 12-ketolithocholic acid. The compound probiotic contains the following components and their weight parts: 5-10 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum freeze-dried powder, 1-5 parts of Streptococcus thermophilus freeze-dried powder, and 5-10 parts of fructooligosaccharides.

8. A method for nutritional regulation to promote the growth of low birth weight piglets, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Starting from the 5th to the 8th day after birth, low birth weight piglets should be given compound bile acids by gavage for 10-14 consecutive days. Weaning should be performed on the 21st or 28th day after birth following gavage. After weaning, feed the baby a diet containing compound probiotics for 14-28 days; The compound bile acid contains the following components and their weight parts: 50-80 parts of porcine cholic acid, 20-40 parts of porcine deoxycholic acid, 15-30 parts of chenodeoxycholic acid, 5-15 parts of deoxycholic acid, and 1-5 parts of 12-ketolithocholic acid. The compound probiotic contains the following components and their weight parts: 5-10 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum freeze-dried powder, 1-5 parts of Streptococcus thermophilus freeze-dried powder, and 5-10 parts of fructooligosaccharides.

9. The nutritional regulation method according to any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that, When administering compound bile acids by gavage, use a 1wt%-6wt% sodium bicarbonate solution as the solvent.

10. The nutritional regulation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, After administering compound bile acids by gavage for 10-20 minutes, administer compound probiotics by gavage. Water should be used as the solvent when administering compound probiotics by gavage.

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