An antioxidant tablet containing alpha-ketoglutaric acid and nucleotides and a method for preparing the same

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of health food, in particular to an antioxidant tablet containing alpha-ketoglutaric acid and nucleotides and a preparation method thereof; the antioxidant tablet is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of nucleotide type yeast extract, 1-3 parts of elastin peptide, 300-400 parts of alpha-ketoglutaric acid, 300-350 parts of red rice extract, 60-80 parts of freeze-dried natto powder, 20-40 parts of leech protein powder, 70-90 parts of rice bran fatty alkanol, 30-50 parts of wheat germ powder, 1-3 parts of dunaliella salina powder, 1-3 parts of sea cucumber oligopeptide powder, 30-50 parts of pleurotus citrinopileatus extract, 30-35 parts of glutathione-rich yeast, 1-3 parts of red ginseng extract, 3-7 parts of curcumin, 0.4-0.45 parts of calcium D-pantothenate, 8-12 parts of filler, 0.5-1.5 parts of lubricant, 0.1-0.15 parts of pyridoxine hydrochloride and 0.06-0.065 parts of retinyl acetate; the antioxidant tablet prepared by the present application realizes the effects of lowering blood lipid, regulating immunity and scavenging free radicals simultaneously through the synergistic effect of various active ingredients, and is suitable for middle-aged and old people and sub-healthy people.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of health food technology, specifically to an antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the accelerating aging of the population and changes in lifestyle, middle-aged and elderly people, as well as those in a sub-healthy state, generally face multiple health challenges. Hyperlipidemia, weakened immunity, and oxidative stress, which accelerate aging, are interconnected and seriously affect people's quality of life and healthy lifespan. Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease; weakened immunity leads to a reduced ability of the body to resist pathogens, making it more susceptible to infections and chronic diseases; and oxidative stress is considered a common pathological basis for cellular aging, skin aging, inflammatory responses, and various chronic diseases (such as diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases).

[0003] Currently available health supplements mostly target single health issues. For example, lipid-lowering products mainly contain statins or red yeast rice extract, immune-regulating products are often protein powder or probiotics, and antioxidant products commonly contain vitamin C, vitamin E, or plant polyphenols. However, these products have limited functions and cannot simultaneously address the interrelated issues of high blood lipids, weakened immunity, and oxidative aging. Furthermore, some products suffer from poor stability of active ingredients, low bioavailability, and questionable safety with long-term use. Therefore, developing an antioxidant product that can synergistically lower blood lipids, enhance immunity, and scavenge free radicals, with clearly defined, safe, and stable ingredients, has significant practical importance and market value.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides an antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides and a method for preparing the same, in order to solve the technical problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides and its preparation method. The prepared antioxidant tablet achieves the effects of lowering blood lipids, regulating immunity and scavenging free radicals through the synergistic effect of multiple active ingredients, and is suitable for middle-aged and elderly people and sub-healthy people.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides, the antioxidant tablet being composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-3 parts nucleotide-type yeast extract, 1-3 parts elastin peptide, 300-400 parts α-ketoglutarate, 300-350 parts red yeast rice extract, 60-80 parts natto freeze-dried powder, 20-40 parts earthworm protein powder, 70-90 parts rice bran fatty alkyl alcohol, 30-50 parts wheat germ powder, 1-3 parts Haematococcus pluvialis powder, 1-3 parts sea cucumber oligopeptide powder, 30-50 parts Pleurotus ostreatus extract, 30-35 parts glutathione-enriched yeast, 1-3 parts red ginseng extract, 3-7 parts curcumin, and 0.4-0.45 parts D-calcium pantothenate.

[0007] The specific effects of the above-mentioned ingredients are as follows: Nucleotide-type yeast extract has the following effects: 1. Immune regulation: Nucleotides promote the proliferation and differentiation of immune cells, enhancing the body's disease resistance.

[0008] 2. Cell Repair and Metabolism: Participates in ATP synthesis, tissue repair, and protein synthesis, accelerating skin metabolism. Elastin peptides can enhance skin elasticity and also have anti-wrinkle, antioxidant, anti-aging and free radical scavenging effects. They can reduce the damage of oxidative stress to the skin, protect collagen and elastin fibers from degradation, and promote wound healing and repair. Alpha-ketoglutarate can prolong the lifespan of users and improve their health, while reducing age-related symptoms such as inflammation and gray hair. Wheat germ powder has the following effects: 1. Powerful antioxidant: The core antioxidant components in green tea have a much stronger effect than vitamins C and E, which can eliminate free radicals and delay cell aging; 2. Cardiovascular protection: Lowers blood lipids (such as LDL cholesterol) and blood pressure, improves vascular function, and reduces the risk of atherosclerosis; 3. Metabolic regulation: It helps regulate blood sugar and lipid metabolism, and has a certain effect on improving obesity and diabetes. 4. Anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects: Experiments show that it can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells and enhance the sensitivity to chemotherapy, while also reducing inflammatory responses; Haematococcus pluvialis powder has the following effects: 1. Super strong antioxidant effect, scavenges free radicals, protects cell membranes, mitochondria and DNA from oxidative damage, and delays aging; 2. Skin health and photoprotection: Reduces skin inflammation, wrinkles, and pigmentation caused by ultraviolet radiation (inhibits 40% of melanin production); 3. Anti-inflammatory and joint protection: relieves arthritis pain and reduces oxidative damage to joints caused by free radicals; 4. Cardiovascular and metabolic health: Lowers blood lipids, prevents atherosclerosis and thrombosis; improves insulin sensitivity, aids in blood sugar control, and protects vision; Sea cucumber oligopeptide powder has the following effects: 1. Enhances immunity: Sea cucumber polysaccharides and saponins can stimulate the proliferation of immune cells, increase immunoglobulin levels, and enhance the body's disease resistance. Its polysaccharide components also inhibit viral replication and bacterial growth, thus aiding in infection prevention. 2. Eliminate free radicals: Rich in selenium and peptides, it can neutralize free radicals, slow down oxidative damage to cells, improve skin elasticity, and delay aging; 3. Promotes collagen synthesis: By activating fibroblasts, it accelerates collagen production, which helps repair skin wrinkles and wounds; 4. Lowering blood lipids and blood sugar: Inhibiting the activity of fat absorption enzymes, reducing cholesterol and triglycerides; regulating insulin sensitivity, controlling blood sugar; 5. Anti-fatigue: Reduces blood lactic acid buildup after exercise, increases liver glycogen reserves, and relieves physical fatigue; 6. Tissue repair: External application promotes the growth of granulation tissue in the wound, while oral administration provides amino acids and trace elements to support cell regeneration; 7. Replenishes Qi and nourishes blood: Improves anemia symptoms, especially suitable for nutritional supplementation for postoperative patients or those with weak constitutions; Pleurotus ostreatus extract can target and protect mitochondria, directly regulate free radicals in mitochondria, and extend telomeres. In addition, it can repair DNA damage and scavenge free radicals, and has a good anti-aging effect. It is a natural antioxidant. Glutathione-enriched yeast has the effects of whitening and anti-beryllium, anti-oxidation, liver protection, improving immunity, and broad-spectrum detoxification. Red ginseng extract has the following effects: 1. Enhances immunity and combats fatigue: Rich in ginsenosides, it activates immune cells and enhances disease resistance.

[0009] 2. Antioxidant and anti-aging: Its active ingredients can neutralize free radicals, reduce oxidative damage to cells, and promote the synthesis of collagen in the skin, thus delaying aging.

[0010] 3. Inhibition of tyrosinase activity: Ginsenosides (such as Rb1) and arbutin in red ginseng can competitively inhibit tyrosinase activity, reducing melanin deposition. Highly active ingredients (such as ginsenosides Rg1 and Rb1) can neutralize UV-induced free radicals, reduce oxidative stress on melanocytes, and indirectly inhibit excessive melanin production. Low doses of ginsenosides may promote normal metabolism of melanocytes, while high doses directly inhibit their abnormal proliferation, achieving a whitening and balancing effect. 4. Regulates metabolism and nerve function: It helps control blood sugar, enhances insulin sensitivity, and improves memory and cognitive function, and has potential benefits for diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases; Curcumin has the following effects: 1. Powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects: Significantly inhibits the release of inflammatory factors, neutralizes free radicals, reduces oxidative damage, and delays cell aging; 2. Cardiovascular protection: It has functions such as lowering cholesterol and inhibiting platelet aggregation, thus preventing atherosclerosis and thrombosis; 3. Liver protection and metabolic regulation: Promotes liver detoxification function and helps lower blood sugar and blood lipids; 4. Benefits to the nervous and digestive systems: It inhibits neurodegenerative diseases (such as Alzheimer's disease), while stimulating bile secretion and relieving gastrointestinal inflammation; Calcium pantothenate is an essential intermediate for metabolism in the body, including the citric acid cycle, choline acetylation, and antibody synthesis. Therefore, pantothenate can act on normal epithelial organs such as nerves, adrenal glands, digestive tract, and skin to enhance resistance to pathogens. Pantothenate can also increase the biosynthesis of glutathione, thereby slowing down cell apoptosis and damage. Furthermore, the antioxidant tablets also contain a filler, which is microcrystalline cellulose, in an amount of 8-12 parts.

[0011] Furthermore, the antioxidant tablets also contain a lubricant, which is magnesium stearate, in an amount of 0.5-1.5 parts.

[0012] Furthermore, the antioxidant tablets also contain 0.1-0.15 parts of pyridoxine hydrochloride and 0.06-0.065 parts of retinyl acetate; wherein, pyridoxine hydrochloride can participate in human metabolism and is beneficial to improving skin health; while retinyl acetate can maintain a healthy immune system, skin barrier and promote vision health. In addition, its antioxidant capacity resists oxidative stress and slows down aging.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastin peptide is any one of bovine ligament elastin peptide, bonito elastin peptide, and bovine cardiac vascular elastin peptide.

[0014] Furthermore, the Pleurotus ostreatus extract is prepared by the following method: Step 1: Crush *Pleurotus ostreatus* into particles with a diameter of 1-3 cm. Add the obtained *Pleurotus ostreatus* particles to 10-15 times their weight of water and extract at 90-100℃ for 2-4 hours. Filter the extract and collect the filtrate. Add the obtained filter residue to 10-15 times its weight of water and extract at 90-100℃ for 2-3 hours. Then filter the extract and combine the filtrates from the two extractions to obtain a mixed filtrate. Step 2: After the obtained mixed filtrate is filtered through a filter cloth, the filtrate is collected and finely filtered through a microfiltration membrane. The obtained fine filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure to a relative density of 1.05-1.15 at 60°C. Then, 8-12% by mass of maltodextrin is added to the concentrated liquid, mixed well, and then subjected to high-temperature sterilization and spray drying to obtain the Pleurotus ostreatus extract.

[0015] Furthermore, the filter cloth has a pore size of 10-30 μm, and the microfiltration membrane has a pore size of 0.2-0.7 μm.

[0016] Furthermore, in step two, the high-temperature sterilization temperature is set to 120-130℃, and the sterilization time is set to 20-40s.

[0017] A method for preparing an antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides includes the following steps: Step 1: Accurately weigh each raw material according to the formula ratio and pass it through a 60-80 mesh sieve. Then, add all raw materials except lubricant into a mixer and mix them evenly. Spray granulate the resulting mixture with a 1-3wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution. After granulation, add magnesium stearate lubricant, mix and stir evenly, and then compress the mixture to obtain tablet cores. The second step is to place the tablet core in a coating pan and preheat it, and then coat the tablet core with a coating solution; once the coating is complete, the finished antioxidant tablet is obtained.

[0018] Furthermore, the coating solution is a 2-3 wt% aqueous solution of hydroxypropyl cellulose, and the tablet core weight increases by 2-4% after coating.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The red yeast rice extract in this invention can inhibit key enzymes in cholesterol synthesis and reduce the production of endogenous cholesterol; the natto kinase in the natto freeze-dried powder can break down blood clots and improve blood flow; earthworm protein powder reduces blood viscosity and lipid deposition; and rice bran fatty alkyl alcohols can block intestinal cholesterol absorption, forming a dual-channel lipid-lowering mechanism with red yeast rice. Combined with α-ketoglutarate to optimize fatty acid oxidation, it can effectively reduce serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides, preventing and improving hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis.

[0020] The nucleotide-type yeast extract in this invention provides the nucleotides needed for immune cell proliferation, promoting intestinal lymphoid tissue development and mucosal immunity; sea cucumber oligopeptide polysaccharides and saponins increase immunoglobulin levels and inhibit pathogenic microorganisms; ginsenosides from red ginseng extract activate the immune response; glutathione-rich yeast enhances intracellular antioxidant capacity, indirectly stabilizing immunity; D-calcium pantothenate participates in antibody synthesis and energy metabolism, enhancing anti-infection efficacy. The synergistic effects of these ingredients enhance both non-specific and specific immunity, accelerating recovery and stress adaptation.

[0021] In this invention, α-ketoglutarate stabilizes mitochondrial electron transport and reduces free radical generation; elastin peptides and Pleurotus ostreatus extract target and scavenge free radicals, protecting collagen and elastic fibers, extending telomeres, and repairing DNA damage; glutathione-rich yeast and red ginseng extract enhance the activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, effectively neutralizing peroxides and hydroxyl radicals; curcumin inhibits the release of inflammatory factors and alleviates chronic oxidative stress. The synergistic effects of these ingredients effectively improve skin aging and overall vitality.

[0022] This invention utilizes the synergistic interaction of various raw materials to construct a multi-target synergistic antioxidant system, exhibiting significant advantages in lowering blood lipids, regulating immunity, and scavenging free radicals. This product is suitable for middle-aged and elderly individuals, as well as those in a sub-healthy state, comprehensively addressing issues such as high blood lipids, weakened immunity, and aging. Long-term use can delay aging and improve skin and quality of life. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The following embodiments describe the methods for obtaining some of the raw materials: 1. Nucleotide-type yeast extract was purchased from Dalian Zhenao Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 2-O-Glutaric acid was purchased from Nanning Hanhe Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 3. Red yeast rice was purchased from Hangzhou Tianqu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 4. The freeze-dried natto powder was purchased from Yipintang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang. 5. Earthworm protein powder was purchased from Hainan Huayan Collagen Technology Co., Ltd. 6. Sea cucumber oligopeptide powder was purchased from Dalian Feide Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 7. Microcrystalline cellulose was purchased from Liaoning Aoda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. 8. Magnesium stearate was purchased from Shandong Liujia Pharmaceutical Excipients Co., Ltd. 9. Glutathione-enriched yeast was purchased from Dalian Zhenao Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 10. Red ginseng extract was purchased from Shaanxi Hongda Botanical Chemical Co., Ltd. 11. Curcumin was purchased from Shaanxi Zhongba Benhe Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Example

[0025] An antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides, comprising the following ingredients in parts by weight: 1 part nucleotide-type yeast extract, 1 part bovine ligament elastin peptide, 300 parts α-ketoglutarate, 300 parts red yeast rice extract, 60 parts natto freeze-dried powder, 20 parts earthworm protein powder, 70 parts rice bran fatty alkyl alcohol, 30 parts wheat germ powder, 1 part Haematococcus pluvialis powder, 1 part sea cucumber oligopeptide powder, 30 parts Pleurotus ostreatus extract, 30 parts glutathione-enriched yeast, 1 part red ginseng extract, 3 parts curcumin, 0.4 parts D-calcium pantothenate, 8-12 parts microcrystalline cellulose, 0.5-1.5 parts magnesium stearate, 0.1-0.15 parts pyridoxine hydrochloride, and 0.06-0.065 parts retinyl acetate.

[0026] Pleurotus ostreatus extract was prepared by the following method: Step 1: Crush the golden pine mushroom into particles with a diameter of 1 cm. Add the obtained golden pine mushroom particles to 10 times their weight of water and extract at 90°C for 4 hours. Filter the extract and collect the filtrate. Add the obtained filter residue to 10 times its weight of water and extract at 90°C for 3 hours. Then filter the extract and combine the filtrates obtained from the two extractions to obtain a mixed filtrate. Step 2: After the obtained mixed filtrate is filtered through a filter cloth, the filtrate is collected and then finely filtered through a microfiltration membrane. The obtained fine filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure to a relative density of 1.05 at 60℃. Then, 8% by mass of maltodextrin is added to the concentrated solution, mixed well, and then subjected to high-temperature sterilization and spray drying to obtain the Pleurotus ostreatus extract. The filter cloth has a pore size of 10μm, and the microfiltration membrane has a pore size of 0.2μm. The high-temperature sterilization temperature is set to 120-130℃, and the sterilization time is set to 20-40s.

[0027] A method for preparing an antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides includes the following steps: Step 1: Accurately weigh each raw material according to the formula ratio and pass it through a 60-mesh sieve. Then, add all raw materials except the lubricant into the mixer and mix them evenly. Spray granulation of the resulting mixture is carried out using a 1wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution. After granulation, magnesium stearate lubricant is added, and the mixture is mixed evenly. Then, it is compressed to obtain the tablet core. The second step is to place the tablet core in a coating pan and preheat it, and then coat the tablet core with a coating solution; once the coating is completed, the antioxidant tablet product is obtained; wherein, the coating solution is a 2wt% aqueous solution of hydroxypropyl cellulose, and the tablet core increases in weight by 2% after coating. Example

[0028] An antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides, comprising the following ingredients in parts by weight: 2 parts nucleotide-type yeast extract, 2 parts bonito elastin peptide, 350 parts α-ketoglutarate, 330 parts red yeast rice extract, 70 parts natto freeze-dried powder, 30 parts earthworm protein powder, 80 parts rice bran fatty alkyl alcohol, 40 parts wheat germ powder, 2 parts Haematococcus pluvialis powder, 2 parts sea cucumber oligopeptide powder, 40 parts Pleurotus ostreatus extract, 33 parts glutathione-enriched yeast, 2 parts red ginseng extract, 5 parts curcumin, 0.43 parts D-calcium pantothenate, 10 parts microcrystalline cellulose, 1 part magnesium stearate, 0.12 parts pyridoxine hydrochloride, and 0.0625 parts retinyl acetate.

[0029] Pleurotus ostreatus extract was prepared by the following method: Step 1: Crush the golden pine mushroom into particles with a diameter of 2 cm. Add the obtained golden pine mushroom particles to 15 times their weight of water and extract at 95°C for 3 hours. Filter the extract and collect the filtrate. Add the obtained filter residue to 15 times its weight of water and extract at 95°C for 3 hours. Then filter the extract and combine the filtrates obtained from the two extractions to obtain a mixed filtrate. Step 2: After the obtained mixed filtrate is filtered through a filter cloth, the filtrate is collected and then finely filtered through a microfiltration membrane. The obtained fine filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure to a relative density of 1.10 at 60°C. Then, 10% by mass of maltodextrin is added to the concentrated solution, and after mixing, it is subjected to high-temperature sterilization and spray drying to obtain the Pleurotus ostreatus extract. The filter cloth has a pore size of 20 μm, and the microfiltration membrane has a pore size of 0.5 μm. The high-temperature sterilization temperature is set to 125°C, and the sterilization time is set to 30 s.

[0030] A method for preparing an antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides includes the following steps: Step 1: Accurately weigh each raw material according to the formula ratio and pass it through a 70-mesh sieve. Then, add all raw materials except the lubricant into the mixer and mix them evenly. Spray granulation of the resulting mixture is carried out using a 2wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution. After granulation, magnesium stearate lubricant is added, and the mixture is mixed evenly. Then, it is compressed to obtain the tablet core. The second step is to place the tablet core in a coating pan and preheat it, and then coat the tablet core with a coating solution; once the coating is completed, the antioxidant tablet product is obtained; wherein, the coating solution is a 3wt% aqueous solution of hydroxypropyl cellulose, and the tablet core increases in weight by 3% after coating. Example

[0031] An antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides, comprising the following parts by weight of raw materials: 3 parts nucleotide-type yeast extract, 3 parts bonito elastin peptide, 400 parts α-ketoglutarate, 350 parts red yeast rice extract, 80 parts natto freeze-dried powder, 40 parts earthworm protein powder, 90 parts rice bran fatty alkyl alcohol, 50 parts wheat germ powder, 3 parts Haematococcus pluvialis powder, 3 parts sea cucumber oligopeptide powder, 50 parts Pleurotus ostreatus extract, 35 parts glutathione-enriched yeast, 3 parts red ginseng extract, 7 parts curcumin, 0.45 parts D-calcium pantothenate, 12 parts microcrystalline cellulose, 0.5-1.5 parts magnesium stearate, 0.1-0.15 parts pyridoxine hydrochloride, and 0.06-0.065 parts retinyl acetate.

[0032] Pleurotus ostreatus extract was prepared by the following method: Step 1: Crush the golden pine mushroom into particles with a diameter of 3 cm. Add the obtained golden pine mushroom particles to 15 times their weight of water and extract at 100°C for 2 hours. Filter the extract and collect the filtrate. Add the obtained filter residue to 15 times its weight of water and extract at 100°C for 2 hours. Then filter the extract and combine the filtrates obtained from the two extractions to obtain a mixed filtrate. Step 2: After the obtained mixed filtrate is filtered through a filter cloth, the filtrate is collected and then finely filtered through a microfiltration membrane. The obtained fine filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure to a relative density of 1.15 at 60°C. Then, 12% by mass of maltodextrin is added to the concentrated solution, and after mixing, it is subjected to high-temperature sterilization and spray drying to obtain the Pleurotus ostreatus extract. The filter cloth has a pore size of 30 μm, and the microfiltration membrane has a pore size of 0.7 μm. The high-temperature sterilization temperature is set to 130°C, and the sterilization time is set to 20 s.

[0033] A method for preparing an antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides includes the following steps: Step 1: Accurately weigh each raw material according to the formula ratio and pass it through an 80-mesh sieve. Then, add all raw materials except the lubricant into the mixer and mix them evenly. The resulting mixture is spray-granulated with a 3wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution. After granulation, add the lubricant magnesium stearate, mix and stir evenly, and then compress to obtain the tablet core. The second step is to place the tablet core in a coating pan and preheat it, and then coat the tablet core with a coating solution; once the coating is completed, the antioxidant tablet product is obtained; wherein, the coating solution is a 3wt% aqueous solution of hydroxypropyl cellulose, and the tablet core increases in weight by 4% after coating.

[0034] Efficacy test: I. Test of lipid-lowering efficacy Forty SPF-grade male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups (control group and Examples 1-3 groups) after one week of acclimatization feeding, with 10 rats in each group. The control group was fed a basal diet, while Examples 1-3 groups were fed a high-fat diet (78.8% basal diet + 10% lard + 10% egg yolk powder + 1% cholesterol + 0.2% sodium cholate). Meanwhile, in Examples 1-3, the antioxidant tablets prepared in Examples 1-3 were administered by gavage once a day (the antioxidant tablets of each group with a specification of 0.5g / tablet were ground and then prepared into suspensions of the corresponding concentrations with 0.5wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and the gavage dose was 500 mg / kg·d). The control group was administered an equal volume of 0.5wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution by gavage. After 4 weeks of continuous administration, the patients fasted for 12 hours, and blood was collected to detect biochemical indicators. The test data obtained are recorded in the table below. Among them, the biochemical indicators include TC (total cholesterol), TG (triglycerides), HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein), LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein), GLU (blood glucose), ALT (alanine aminotransferase), and AST (aspartate aminotransferase).

[0035]

[0036] II. Immunomodulatory Efficacy Test: Forty male rats weighing 18-22g were housed in plastic cages under a 12 / 12h light / dark cycle with free access to water and food. The conditions were maintained at 25℃ and 40-50% humidity, ensuring environmental stability. After one week of acclimatization, the rats were randomly divided into four groups of ten rats each. Groups 1-3 were administered the antioxidant tablets prepared in Examples 1-3 via gavage once daily (the antioxidant tablets of each group, with a specification of 0.5g / tablet, were ground and prepared into suspensions of the corresponding concentration using 0.5wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the gavage dose was 500 mg / kg·d). The control group was administered an equal volume of physiological saline via gavage. This gavage treatment continued for four weeks. After the last administration, the rats' body weight (m1) was recorded, and they were injected via tail vein with Indian ink (pre-diluted with four times the volume of physiological saline) at a dose of 10 mL / kg. Timing was initiated immediately after ink injection. At 2 and 12 minutes post-injection, 20 μL of blood was collected from the medial canthal venous plexus using a capillary tube. A 0.1% sodium carbonate solution was added to each sample, and the mixture was thoroughly mixed to prepare a 0.1% (v / v) concentration for zeroing. The 0.1% sodium carbonate solution served as a blank sample, and its optical density was measured at 600 nm.

[0037] After the measurement was completed, the mice were euthanized by cervical dislocation, and the liver and spleen were harvested, weighed, and their weights (m2) were recorded. The phagocytic index K was calculated, and then the phagocytic activity (a) and organ index were calculated. The calculation formulas are as follows: K=(lgOD1-lgOD2) / (t2-t1); Wherein, OD1 and OD2 are the optical densities of the two blood samples, and t2-t1 is the time difference between the two blood samples; a = K 1 / 3 ×m1 / m2; Organ index = Spleen weight / Body weight × 100%.

[0038] The test data obtained above are recorded in the table below:

[0039] I. Free radical scavenging efficacy test 1. Sample preparation: The antioxidant tablets prepared in Examples 1-3 were ground and prepared into a 1wt% test solution for the following experiments.

[0040] 2. Ability to scavenge superoxide anion free radicals Take 4.5 mL of 0.05 mol / L Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.2 and preheat it in a 25°C water bath for 20 min. Then add 1 mL of the test sample solution (containing samples from Examples 1-3) and 0.4 mL of 25 mmol / L pyrogallol solution, mix well, and react in a 25°C water bath for 5 min. Stop the reaction by adding 1.0 mL of 8 mol / L HCl. Measure the absorbance at 299 nm using the Tris-HCl buffer solution as a reference. Replace the sample with 1 mL of the sample solvent for the blank control; and calculate the clearance rate (D) using the following formula.

[0041] Superoxide anion radical scavenging rate / % = [1 - (A2 / A1)] × 100% (2) In the formula, A1 is the absorbance value of the blank control; A2 is the absorbance value of the drug.

[0042] 3. Ability to scavenge hydroxyl radicals Add 3 mL of 2 mmol / L FeSO4 and 3 mL of 1 mmol / L H2O2 sequentially to a 25 mL colorimetric tube, shake well, then add 3 mL of 6 mmol / L salicylic acid, shake well, heat in a 37℃ water bath for 15 min, and measure the absorbance. Add the test sample solution to each group, shake well, continue heating in a water bath for 15 min, and measure the absorbance. The following formula is used to calculate the scavenging rate of hydroxyl radicals by the test sample solution: Hydroxyl radical scavenging rate / % = [A1 - A2 - (A1 - A3)] / A1 × 100% In the formula, A1 is the absorbance value of the reaction system before the addition of the drug; A2 is the absorbance value of the system after the drug scavenges hydroxyl radicals; and A3 is the absorbance value of the system after the blank control scavenges hydroxyl radicals.

[0043]

[0044] By comparing and analyzing the relevant data in the table, it can be seen that the antioxidant tablets prepared by this invention achieve the effects of lowering blood lipids, regulating immunity, and scavenging free radicals simultaneously through the synergistic effect of multiple active ingredients, making them suitable for middle-aged and elderly people and those in a sub-healthy state. This indicates that the antioxidant tablets containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides and their preparation method provided by this invention have a broader market prospect and are more suitable for promotion.

[0045] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0046] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides, characterized in that, The antioxidant tablets are composed of the following ingredients in parts by weight: 1-3 parts nucleotide-type yeast extract, 1-3 parts elastin peptide, 300-400 parts α-ketoglutarate, 300-350 parts red yeast rice extract, 60-80 parts natto freeze-dried powder, 20-40 parts earthworm protein powder, 70-90 parts rice bran fatty alkyl alcohol, 30-50 parts wheat germ powder, 1-3 parts Haematococcus pluvialis powder, 1-3 parts sea cucumber oligopeptide powder, 30-50 parts Pleurotus ostreatus extract, 30-35 parts glutathione-enriched yeast, 1-3 parts red ginseng extract, 3-7 parts curcumin, and 0.4-0.45 parts D-calcium pantothenate.

2. The antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidant tablets also contain a filler, which is microcrystalline cellulose, and the amount used is 8-12 parts.

3. An antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidant tablets also contain a lubricant, which is magnesium stearate, in an amount of 0.5-1.5 parts.

4. An antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidant tablets also contain 0.1-0.15 parts of pyridoxine hydrochloride and 0.06-0.065 parts of retinyl acetate.

5. An antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastin peptide is any one of bovine ligament elastin peptide, bonito elastin peptide, or bovine cardiac vascular elastin peptide.

6. An antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Pleurotus ostreatus extract was prepared by the following method: Step 1: Crush *Pleurotus ostreatus* into particles with a diameter of 1-3 cm. Add the obtained *Pleurotus ostreatus* particles to 10-15 times their weight of water and extract at 90-100℃ for 2-4 hours. Filter the extract and collect the filtrate. Add the obtained filter residue to 10-15 times its weight of water and extract at 90-100℃ for 2-3 hours. Then filter the extract and combine the filtrates from the two extractions to obtain a mixed filtrate. Step 2: After the obtained mixed filtrate is filtered through a filter cloth, the filtrate is collected and finely filtered through a microfiltration membrane. The obtained fine filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure to a relative density of 1.05-1.15 at 60°C. Then, 8-12% by mass of maltodextrin is added to the concentrated liquid, mixed well, and then subjected to high-temperature sterilization and spray drying to obtain the Pleurotus ostreatus extract.

7. An antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filter cloth has a pore size of 10-30 μm, and the microfiltration membrane has a pore size of 0.2-0.7 μm.

8. An antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step two, the high-temperature sterilization temperature is set to 120-130℃, and the sterilization time is set to 20-40s.

9. A method for preparing an antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Accurately weigh each raw material according to the formula ratio and pass it through a 60-80 mesh sieve. Then, add all raw materials except lubricant into a mixer and mix them evenly. Spray granulate the resulting mixture with a 1-3wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution. After granulation, add magnesium stearate lubricant, mix and stir evenly, and then compress the mixture to obtain tablet cores. The second step is to place the tablet core in a coating pan and preheat it, and then coat the tablet core with a coating solution; once the coating is complete, the finished antioxidant tablet is obtained.

10. The method for preparing an antioxidant tablet containing α-ketoglutarate and nucleotides according to claim 9, characterized in that: The coating solution is a 2-3 wt% aqueous solution of hydroxypropyl cellulose, and the tablet core weight increases by 2-4% after coating.

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