A compaction device for straw silage

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of compaction device for straw silage, belongs to straw compaction technical field, to solve the problem of not being convenient to obtain different area real-time compaction resistance, difficult to accurately identify local under-compaction area, it is easy to form compaction blind area, greatly promote silage local mildew risk, the invention includes tractor body and the fixed frame of being fixed in tractor body one end, fixed frame one side is correspondingly provided with driving element, fixed frame both ends are slidably connected with fixed seat, and driving element output end is fixedly connected with fixed seat, rotationally connected with compaction roller between two fixed seats, compaction roller surface is fixedly connected with outer roller, the utility model relies on pressure sensor array, near-infrared moisture sensor, ultrasonic distance sensor cooperates and gathers compaction resistance, straw moisture content, layer thickness data, constructs compaction density joint determination model, can distinguish under-compaction cause, break away from traditional compaction quality mode relying on artificial experience subjective judgment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of straw compaction technology, specifically a compaction device for straw silage. Background Technology

[0002] Straw silage is the mainstream technology for preserving green roughage in large-scale livestock farming, mainly including two modes: silage pit storage and straw-wrapped silage. The core condition for successful silage fermentation is thorough compaction to maximize the removal of air from the straw layer, creating a stable anaerobic environment and ensuring the normal proliferation of lactic acid bacteria. If the straw compaction density is uneven, the porosity of the material layer is locally high, and oxygen is continuously retained, which will promote the proliferation of aerobic microorganisms such as yeast and mold, causing local heat generation and temperature rise, resulting in silage mold and heat generation, causing a large loss of feed nutrients, and in severe cases, the entire pit or bag of silage will become completely ineffective, causing significant economic losses to livestock production.

[0003] Current compaction devices for straw silage rely heavily on manual experience to judge compaction quality. They lack real-time means of sensing compaction status. Operators rely solely on visual observation of the straw surface morphology and the number of passes to subjectively estimate compaction density. This makes it difficult to obtain real-time compaction resistance in different areas, making it hard to accurately identify under-compacted areas. This easily leads to compaction blind spots and significantly increases the risk of localized mold growth in silage.

[0004] To address the above problems, a compaction device for straw silage is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a compaction device for straw silage. By using this device, the problems mentioned above, such as the inconvenience of obtaining real-time compaction resistance in different areas, the difficulty in accurately identifying local under-compacted areas, the easy formation of compaction blind spots, and the significant increase in the risk of local mold growth in silage, are solved.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A compaction device for straw silage includes a tractor body and a fixed frame fixed to one end of the tractor body. A drive component is correspondingly provided on one side of the fixed frame. Fixed seats are slidably connected to both ends of the fixed frame, and the output end of the drive component is fixedly connected to the fixed seats. A compaction roller is rotatably connected between the two fixed seats. An outer roller is fixedly connected to the surface of the compaction roller. The drive component outputs power to drive the fixed seats to slide along the fixed frame, thereby causing the compaction roller and the outer roller between the two fixed seats to generate vertical displacement as a whole. The vertical compression force of the outer roller pressing on the straw layer can be adjusted. Several pressure sensors are evenly installed between the compaction roller and the outer roller. The pressure sensors can collect real-time compaction resistance and contact pressure signals during the outer roller's compaction of the straw. Several near-infrared moisture sensors and ultrasonic distance sensors are respectively installed on one side of the fixed frame. The near-infrared moisture sensors are used to detect the moisture content parameter of the straw material to be compacted in real time, and the ultrasonic distance sensors are used to accurately detect the real-time thickness of the straw layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the driving component includes a support frame and a hydraulic cylinder fixed inside the support frame. The support frame is fixedly connected to the fixed frame, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected through to one side of the fixed frame and fixedly connected to the fixed seat.

[0008] Furthermore, rotating drums are fixedly installed at both ends of the compaction roller, and the rotating drums are rotatably connected to the fixed base.

[0009] Furthermore, the inside of the rotating drum is equipped with a detection device for detecting whether the compaction roller and the outer roller slip or stagnate; The detection component includes a connecting frame and a rotary encoder fixed inside the connecting frame, with the connecting frame fixedly connected to the inside of the rotating drum.

[0010] Furthermore, an electric push rod is fixedly installed inside one end of the compaction roller.

[0011] Furthermore, a guide component is slidably connected inside the compaction roller; The guide component includes a cylinder and several transverse grooves formed on the surface of the cylinder. The cylinder is slidably connected to the compaction roller. The output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the cylinder. The rotary encoder is electrically connected to the electric push rod through a controller. Several inclined guide plates are fixedly installed inside the transverse grooves.

[0012] Furthermore, the compaction roller is uniformly provided with several elastic inserts that serve as anti-slip components. The elastic insert includes a fixed rod and a movable wheel fixed to one end of the fixed rod. The fixed rod is slidably connected to the compaction roller, the movable wheel is slidably connected to the transverse groove, and the compaction roller is in contact with the inclined guide plate. The other end of the fixed rod is rotatably connected to an insert rod, which is slidably connected to the compaction roller and the outer roller respectively. A limit plate is fixedly installed on the surface of the fixed rod. A spring is fixedly installed on one side of the limit plate, and one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the compaction roller. Limit rods are slidably connected to both ends of the limit plate, and the limit rods are fixedly connected to the inside of the compaction roller.

[0013] Furthermore, a sliding groove is provided through the surface of the insertion rod, and guide holes are provided through both ends of the limiting plate, with the limiting rod slidably connected to the guide holes.

[0014] Furthermore, a transmission component is slidably connected inside the groove; The transmission component includes a gear and rotating rings fixed on both sides of the gear. The rotating rings are rotatably connected to the inside of the compaction roller. A cross plate is fixedly installed inside the gear and is slidably connected to the slide groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the compaction roller is internally slidably connected to a connector, and the connector is fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder; The connector includes a disc and several L-shaped toothed plates fixed to the outer wall of the disc. The disc is fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder and is slidably connected to the inside of the compaction roller. The L-shaped toothed plates are slidably connected to the compaction roller and are meshed with gears.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By relying on a pressure sensor array, near-infrared moisture sensor, and ultrasonic distance sensor to collect data on compaction resistance, straw moisture content, and layer thickness, a joint judgment model for compaction density is constructed. This model can distinguish the causes of under-compaction and break away from the traditional model of relying on subjective judgment of compaction quality based on human experience.

[0017] 2. The fixed seat is driven to slide vertically by a hydraulic cylinder, which realizes stepless dynamic adjustment of the compaction load of the compaction roller. Differentiated compaction can be carried out for straw in different areas, adapting to different spreading thicknesses and straw operation conditions with different moisture contents, effectively improving the uniformity of straw compaction.

[0018] 3. By using a rotary encoder to collect the speed signal of the compaction roller in real time and combining it with the tractor's travel speed to calculate the slippage rate, the outer roller slippage phenomenon can be identified in advance. With the help of the electric push rod to drive the internal guide to move axially, the insert rod extends outward to penetrate the straw. The mechanical interlocking action eliminates the interface slippage between the outer roller and the wet straw, effectively solving the pain points of roller slippage and pushing the straw forward to arch the material pile when compacting high moisture content green straw.

[0019] 4. After the insertion rod is removed, micropores can be formed in the slippery and disordered area. The micropores act as short-term gas channels to release the closed air pockets inside the material layer, which can alleviate the problems of heat accumulation and fermentation bulging in the straw layer. The micropores are only distributed locally and are quickly blocked after the lower layer of straw is crushed. They will not form a through oxygen channel and will ensure the anaerobic fermentation environment.

[0020] 5. The insertion rod rotates synchronously during the extension stage, forming a rotary cutting and piercing effect, which greatly reduces the piercing resistance of high-moisture straw, avoids hard straight insertion tearing and prying over the straw surface, maintains the integrity of the original compacted material layer structure, and does not damage the flatness of the rolling. The insertion rod continues to rotate throughout the retraction process, continuously breaking the vacuum negative pressure between the rod body and the straw hole wall, eliminating the defect of pulling up the material by the rod, and preventing the surface straw from being carried upward and causing secondary loosening. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive component structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the detection element structure of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view at point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the guide component structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic plug structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connector structure of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Tractor body; 2. Fixing frame; 3. Drive component; 31. Support frame; 32. Hydraulic cylinder; 4. Fixing seat; 5. Compactor roller; 51. Rotary drum; 6. Outer roller; 7. Pressure sensor; 8. Near-infrared moisture sensor; 9. Ultrasonic distance sensor; 10. Detector; 101. Connecting frame; 102. Rotary encoder; 20. Electric push rod; 30. Guide component; 301. Cylindrical column; 302. Horizontal groove; 303. Guide plate; 40. Elastic insert; 401. Fixing rod; 402. Moving wheel; 403. Insert rod; 404. Limiting plate; 405. Spring; 406. Limiting rod; 407. Slide groove; 408. Guide hole; 50. Transmission component; 501. Gear; 502. Rotating ring; 503. Horizontal plate; 60. Connecting component; 601. Disc; 602. L-shaped toothed plate. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a compaction device for straw silage includes a tractor body 1 and a fixed frame 2 fixed to one end of the tractor body 1. The tractor body 1 serves as a mobile load-bearing base and is suitable for large-scale rolling operations within the silage pit.

[0025] To address the technical challenges of obtaining real-time compaction resistance data for different regions, accurately identifying under-compacted areas, easily creating compaction blind spots, and significantly increasing the risk of localized mold growth in silage, the following preferred technical solutions are provided: like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a drive component 3 is correspondingly provided on one side of the fixed frame 2, and fixed seats 4 are slidably connected to both ends of the fixed frame 2. The output end of the drive component 3 is fixedly connected to the fixed seat 4. The drive component 3 and the sliding fixed seat 4 form a linear drive pair, and the transmission structure is simple and reliable. The driving power can be directly transmitted to the fixed seats 4 on both sides to ensure that the lifting and lowering actions on both sides are synchronized, and to avoid uneven force on both ends of the compaction roller 5, which may cause tilting or uneven wear. The compaction roller 5 is rotatably connected between the two fixed seats 4, and an outer roller 6 is fixedly connected to the surface of the compaction roller 5. The drive component 3 outputs power to drive the fixed seat 4 to slide along the fixed frame 2. The dynamic displacement causes the compaction roller 5 and outer roller 6 between the two fixed seats 4 to move vertically as a whole. This allows for adjustment of the vertical squeezing force of the outer roller 6 on the straw layer, enabling dynamic and continuous adjustment of the compaction load. This overcomes the limitations of traditional compaction equipment with fixed counterweights and unadjustable pressure. Operators do not need to stop the machine to manually change the counterweight. They can flexibly adjust the compaction pressure according to the real-time working conditions of the straw, increasing the squeezing force in loose areas and reducing the load in areas that meet the compaction standards, thus achieving differentiated compaction. This can adapt to the compaction needs of straw with different thicknesses and states, improving the uniformity of straw compaction. Several pressure sensors 7 are evenly installed between the compaction roller 5 and the outer roller 6. The pressure sensors 7 can collect the real-time compaction resistance and contact pressure signals of the outer roller 6 during the crushing of straw. The multiple pressure sensors 7 are evenly arranged in an array, which can collect the contact pressure and compaction resistance at different positions within the compaction width in sections. Instead of relying on single-point sampling, it can identify local under-compacted areas in the pit in real time, and provide feedback on the lateral force distribution of the compaction roller 5. The pressure signal directly reflects the compression state of the straw, providing basic data for the control system to judge the compaction density, changing the traditional mode of subjective judgment of compaction quality by human eyes. Several near-infrared moisture sensors 8 and ultrasonic distance sensors 9 are installed on one side of the fixed frame 2. The near-infrared moisture sensors 8 are used to detect the moisture content parameter of the straw material to be compacted in real time, and the ultrasonic distance sensors 9 are used to accurately detect the real-time thickness of the straw layer. The pressure sensors 7, near-infrared moisture sensors 8, ultrasonic distance sensors 9 and drive components 3 are electrically connected through a controller. The controller is existing technology and is not shown in the figure. During operation, the tractor body 1, mounted on the fixed frame 2, moves forward. The compaction roller 5 and the outer roller 6 press against the surface of the straw and passively rotate based on the friction of the material, completing the layered compaction of the straw. Several pressure sensors 7 are evenly distributed between the compaction roller 5 and the outer roller 6, forming a pressure sensing array. During the process of the outer roller 6 compacting the straw, the straw generates a reverse supporting force on the roller body. The pressure sensors 7 can collect the compaction resistance and contact pressure signals of each area of ​​the outer roller 6 in real time along the axial and circumferential directions of the roller body, continuously providing feedback on the force at different positions within the compaction width, thereby distinguishing between fully compacted areas and under-compacted areas. A near-infrared moisture sensor 8 installed on one side of the fixed frame 2 continuously detects the real-time moisture content of the straw, and an ultrasonic distance sensor 9 synchronously measures the current straw layer thickness. The control system receives the compaction pressure and straw moisture content data. Three sets of multi-source sensor signals, including moisture content and layer thickness, are used to collaboratively establish a straw compaction density estimation model. This model can determine the straw compaction density in real time, identify under-compacted areas, and differentiate working conditions based on moisture content parameters. It can also prompt the operator to add compaction or spray moisture-regulating liquid in localized areas. When the system determines that the straw compaction density has not reached the set standard, it outputs a control signal to the drive component 3. The drive component 3 drives the fixed seat 4 to slide along the fixed frame 2, causing the compaction roller 5 and the outer roller 6 to move vertically as a whole. This dynamically adjusts the vertical extrusion pressure applied by the outer roller 6 to the straw layer, and adjusts the rolling load differently for different compaction areas until the compaction density meets the process requirements. This abandons the traditional extensive operation mode that relies on the driver's visual observation and subjective estimation of the compaction effect based on the number of rolling passes. It dynamically matches the rolling load according to the real-time working conditions of the straw, continuously ensuring the quality of straw compaction. Therefore, by integrating a pressure sensor array 7, a near-infrared moisture sensor 8, and an ultrasonic distance sensor 9, data on zoned compaction resistance, straw moisture content, and layer thickness are collected simultaneously to construct a joint compaction density judgment model. Unlike a single pressure detection scheme, this model can distinguish between two working conditions: insufficient pressure leading to substandard compaction and unsuitable straw moisture content causing difficulty in compaction. The compaction state judgment results are more accurate and reliable, effectively reducing the probability of system misjudgment. The vertical compaction load of the outer roller 6 is dynamically adjusted by the drive component 3 to automatically adapt to the target compaction density requirement, eliminating the need for repeated manual adjustment of the equipment load.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the driving component 3 includes a support frame 31 and a hydraulic cylinder 32 fixed inside the support frame 31. The support frame 31 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 2, ensuring the stability of the hydraulic cylinder 32's installation position. When impact loads are generated during operation and compaction, the hydraulic cylinder 32 will not shift or shake. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 32 is connected through to one side of the fixed frame 2 and is fixedly connected to the fixed seat 4. When the hydraulic cylinder 32 extends, it pushes the fixed seat 4 downward, increasing the vertical compaction load applied to the straw layer by the outer roller 6. When the hydraulic cylinder 32 retracts, it pulls the fixed seat 4 upward, reducing the downward pressure during compaction. By controlling the output thrust and extension stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 32, the compressive force of the outer roller 6 on the straw can be continuously and steplessly adjusted to match the compaction requirements of straw with different moisture contents and different layer thicknesses.

[0027] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, rotating cylinders 51 are fixedly installed at both ends of the compaction roller 5, and the rotating cylinders 51 are rotatably connected to the fixed base 4. By using the dedicated rotating cylinders 51 at both ends as the rotational mating base, the overall rotational movement of the compaction roller 5 is made more centered, coaxial, and stable, with uniform and stable rotational damping. During operation, it can effectively avoid problems such as uneven rotational resistance at both ends of the compaction roller 5, local jamming, and uneven wear, ensuring that the outer roller 6 can rotate passively and smoothly when in contact with the straw.

[0028] To address the technical problem of severe material accumulation caused by the outer roller 6 continuously pushing the surface straw forward, resulting in a continuous lubricating film forming at the contact interface between the outer roller 6 and the straw, thus significantly reducing the coefficient of friction, the following preferred technical solution is provided: like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the inside of the drum 51 is equipped with a detection component 10 for detecting whether the compaction roller 5 and the outer roller 6 slip or stagnate. The detection component 10 includes a connecting frame 101 and a rotary encoder 102 fixed inside the connecting frame 101. The connecting frame 101 is fixedly connected to the inside of the drum 51. When the tractor body 1 moves forward, the outer roller 6 presses against the surface of the straw layer. Under normal working conditions, the driving torque is generated by the frictional resistance between the straw material and the contact surface of the outer roller 6, which drives the outer roller 6 and the compaction roller 5 to rotate passively as a whole. The straw material can pass smoothly under the roller body and be vertically squeezed and compacted to complete the layered rolling operation. However, in the silage operation scenario of green straw, the straw has a high moisture content and is rich in juice inside. This will form a continuous lubricating film at the contact interface between the outer roller 6 and the straw, which will significantly reduce the friction coefficient of the contact surface. This will cause the passive driving friction force that the outer roller 6 can obtain to decrease significantly. When the friction driving torque provided by the straw is insufficient to overcome the overall rotational damping of the compaction roller 5 and the rotating drum 51, the outer roller 6 cannot rotate normally passively with the tractor body 1, resulting in the outer roller 6 slipping, stagnation, or even complete stoppage. At this point, the tractor body 1 continues to move forward, and the stationary or slow-moving outer roller 6 no longer effectively crushes the straw. The outer surface of the roller 6 continuously pushes the surface straw forward, causing it to accumulate and arch in front of the roller, forming a raised pile. This results in severe material accumulation. As the tractor body 1 continues to move forward, the amount of material accumulated in front of the roller increases. The surface straw only undergoes horizontal pushing and kneading displacement, failing to be pressed into the bottom layer for vertical compaction. This leads to extremely loose surface straw in the crushing area, uneven material layer thickness, and significantly higher local porosity, ultimately resulting in insufficient compaction. The insufficient compaction and extremely poor uniformity pose a significant risk to the subsequent localized aerobic growth, heat generation, mold growth, and burning of silage and bundles. Therefore, when the friction coefficient between the outer roller 6 and the wet straw is reduced due to the lubrication of the sap, the outer roller 6 will slip. At this time, the tractor body 1 moves forward normally, but the actual speed of the compaction roller 5 is significantly lower or momentarily stops. When the outer roller 6 is blocked by the accumulation of straw or the rotational resistance is too high, it will experience stagnation and jamming, and the speed will fluctuate abnormally. The rotary encoder 102 can accurately capture the above-mentioned abnormal speed signals and provide real-time feedback on the slippage condition.

[0029] like Figures 4-6As shown, an electric push rod 20 is fixedly installed inside one end of the compaction roller 5. A guide member 30 is slidably connected inside the compaction roller 5. The guide member 30 includes a cylinder 301 and several transverse grooves 302 formed on the surface of the cylinder 301. The cylinder 301 is slidably connected to the compaction roller 5. The output end of the electric push rod 20 is fixedly connected to the cylinder 301. The rotary encoder 102 is electrically connected to the electric push rod 20 through a controller. Several inclined guide plates 303 are fixedly installed inside the transverse grooves 302. When the rotary encoder 102 detects that the compaction roller 5 has slipped, it determines that the outer roller 6 has a slippage pushing fault. The controller sends an extension command to the electric push rod 20. The electric push rod 20 pushes the cylinder 301 to slide along the internal axial direction of the compaction roller 5. The cylinder 301 synchronously drives the transverse grooves 302 and the inclined guide plates 303 to move together.

[0030] like Figures 5-8 As shown, the compaction roller 5 has several elastic inserts 40 evenly arranged inside to prevent slippage. Each elastic insert 40 includes a fixed rod 401 and a movable wheel 402 fixed to one end of the fixed rod 401. The fixed rod 401 is slidably connected to the compaction roller 5, and the movable wheel 402 is slidably connected to the transverse groove 302. The compaction roller 5 is in contact with the inclined guide plate 303. The other end of the fixed rod 401 is rotatably connected to an insert rod 403, which is slidably connected to both the compaction roller 5 and the outer roller 6. A limit plate 404 is fixedly installed on the surface of the fixed rod 401. A spring 405 is fixedly installed on one side, and one end of the spring 405 is fixedly connected to the inside of the compaction roller 5. The two ends of the limiting plate 404 are slidably connected to the limiting rod 406, and the limiting rod 406 is fixedly connected to the inside of the compaction roller 5. In the initial state, the spring 405 relies on its own pre-tightening elastic force to keep the fixing rod 401 in the retracted position. The insertion rod 403 is completely stored inside the compaction roller 5 and the outer roller 6, and its end is flush with the outer circle of the outer roller 6. The outer roller 6 maintains a complete and smooth rolling surface, and performs regular and uniform rolling operation on the straw without any protruding structures interfering with normal compaction. When the rotary encoder 102 detects that the slippage rate of the compaction roller 5 exceeds the standard and determines that the outer roller 6 is slipping and spinning freely, pushing the straw forward, the controller controls the electric push rod 20 to push the cylinder 301 to move, which drives the inclined guide plate 303 inside the transverse groove 302 to move synchronously. The inclined working surface of the inclined guide plate 303 presses against the moving wheel 402, and the moving wheel 402 converts the lateral thrust of the inclined surface into a vertical thrust, pushing the fixed rod 401 to move along the limit rod 406. During the slippage, the limit plate 404 further compresses the spring 405, causing the spring 405 to store energy and compress. At the same time, the fixed rod 401 drives the insertion rod 403 to extend outward synchronously, so that the insertion rod 403 penetrates the surface of the outer roller 6 and pierces into the interior of the wet straw, utilizing the mechanical interlocking action of the insertion rod 403 with the straw fibers. This eliminates the interface slippage between the outer roller 6 and the straw, forcibly driving the outer roller 6 to rotate synchronously with the straw, solving the problems of roller slippage, idling, and forward arching of the material pile. Secondly, the forward arching of the material pile by the roller causes the straw layer to be squeezed and disordered, and the material layer is prone to be wrapped with a large number of closed air pockets. The local compaction is sometimes loose and sometimes tight, and the gas is trapped inside the material layer and cannot be discharged. During fermentation, heat is accumulated and bulges occur. At this time, the insertion rod 403 is withdrawn, leaving micropores. The micropores serve as short-term gas escape channels, releasing the trapped gas. Moreover, the micropores are only generated locally in the abnormal slippage area, not throughout the entire area. Once the next layer of straw is laid and crushed, the micropores are immediately blocked, and no long-term oxygen channel is formed. This effectively solves the problem of gas stagnation in the slippage area and also prevents the continuous infiltration of external oxygen from causing the proliferation of aerobic bacteria. When the slippage condition is relieved and the slip ratio returns to normal, the electric push rod 20 drives the cylinder 301 and the inclined guide plate 303 to reset and retract. The inclined thrust of the moving wheel 402 disappears. At this time, the compressed spring 405 releases its elastic potential energy and pushes the limit plate 404 to move smoothly along the limit rod 406 in the opposite direction. This causes the fixed rod 401 and the insertion rod 403 to retract as a whole, so that the insertion rod 403 is retracted into the outer roller 6, restoring the flat rolling surface and completing a single anti-slip intervention action.

[0031] The surface of the insertion rod 403 is provided with a sliding groove 407, and the two ends of the limiting plate 404 are provided with guide holes 408. The limiting rod 406 is slidably connected to the guide hole 408. The limiting rod 406 passes through the guide hole 408 to form a precise sliding pair, so that the limiting plate 404 and the fixing rod 401 slide parallel and linearly along the limiting rod 406. The double-end symmetrical guide structure can effectively counteract the lateral force generated during the pushing process of the inclined guide plate 303, and prevent the fixing rod 401 from tilting on one side or shifting under force. like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, a transmission component 50 is slidably connected inside the chute 407. The transmission component 50 includes a gear 501 and a rotating ring 502 fixed on both sides of the gear 501. The rotating ring 502 is rotatably connected to the inside of the compaction roller 5. A horizontal plate 503 is fixedly installed inside the gear 501 and is slidably connected to the chute 407. A connector 60 is slidably connected inside the compaction roller 5 and is fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder 301. like Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown, the connector 60 includes a disc 601 and several L-shaped toothed plates 602 fixed to the outer wall of the disc 601. The disc 601 is fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder 301, and the disc 601 is slidably connected to the inside of the compaction roller 5. The L-shaped toothed plates 602 are slidably connected to the compaction roller 5, and the L-shaped toothed plates 602 are meshed with gears 501. During the axial sliding of the cylinder 301 driven by the electric push rod 20, the connector 60 inside the compaction roller 5 is simultaneously displaced. The disc 601 is fixed to the end of the cylinder 301 and slides axially synchronously with the cylinder 301. Multiple sets of L-shaped toothed plates 602 arranged circumferentially on the outer wall of the disc 601 move linearly. During the linear movement of the L-shaped toothed plates 602, the gear 501 is continuously driven to rotate. The gear 501 rotates stably inside the compaction roller 5 through the rotating rings 502 on both sides. At the same time, the horizontal plate 503 fixed inside the gear 501 slides and engages with the groove 407 of the insert rod 403. This forms a mechanical linkage logic of linear displacement to rotational motion: the axial advancement of the cylinder 301 causes the L-shaped toothed plate 602 to slide linearly, thereby driving the gear 501 to rotate. Through the horizontal plate 503, the insertion rod 403 rotates as a whole. At the same time, the inclined guide plate 303 pushes the moving wheel 402, driving the insertion rod 403 to extend outward along the radial direction of the roller body. Finally, the extension action of the insertion rod 403 and the rotation action are synchronized and linked, so that the insertion rod 403 penetrates the straw layer in a rotating abnormal state. When the slippage condition is resolved and the electric push rod 20 drives the cylinder 301 to reverse and retract, the L-shaped toothed plate 602 moves in the opposite direction with the disc 601, continuously meshing with the drive gear 501 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the insert rod 403 keeps rotating throughout the retraction process. The rotating insert rod 403 continuously breaks the sealing negative pressure between the rod body and the straw hole wall, eliminating the suction and dragging effect of the pull rod. Finally, the insert rod 403 is completely retracted and stored inside the outer roller 6, completing a composite operation of anti-slip, air venting, and shape preservation. Therefore, by rotating throughout the extension process of the insertion rod 403, a spiral-cutting piercing effect is achieved, enabling it to spirally cut into the highly moist and flexible straw layer. This makes piercing easier and smoother, effectively reducing pushing resistance and preventing large-area tearing and prying of straw fibers. It maximizes the preservation of the integrity of the original compacted layer and prevents anti-slip operations from damaging the compaction flatness. In conventional static straight-insertion and straight-pull structures, a vacuum negative pressure is created between the rod and the straw hole wall at the moment of extraction, adsorbing and dragging the surface straw upwards, lifting the compacted layer and disrupting the dense structure. In this structure, the insertion rod 403 remains rotated throughout its retraction and reset process. The relative rotation between the rod and the straw continuously breaks the interface negative pressure, cutting off the adsorption and dragging force.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0033] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A compaction device for straw silage, comprising a tractor body (1) and a fixing frame (2) fixed to one end of the tractor body (1), characterized in that: A drive unit (3) is provided on one side of the fixed frame (2). Fixed seats (4) are slidably connected to both ends of the fixed frame (2), and the output end of the drive unit (3) is fixedly connected to the fixed seats (4). A compaction roller (5) is rotatably connected between the two fixed seats (4). An outer roller (6) is fixedly connected to the surface of the compaction roller (5). The drive unit (3) outputs power to drive the fixed seats (4) to slide along the fixed frame (2), thereby causing the compaction roller (5) and the outer roller (6) between the two fixed seats (4) to generate vertical displacement as a whole. The outer roller (6) can be adjusted to press the compaction roller (5). The vertical compression force on the straw layer is achieved by uniformly installing several pressure sensors (7) between the compaction roller (5) and the outer roller (6). The pressure sensors (7) can collect the real-time compaction resistance and contact pressure signals received by the outer roller (6) during the straw crushing process. Several near-infrared moisture sensors (8) and ultrasonic distance sensors (9) are installed on one side of the fixed frame (2). The near-infrared moisture sensors (8) are used to detect the moisture content parameters of the straw material to be compacted in real time, and the ultrasonic distance sensors (9) are used to accurately detect the real-time thickness of the straw layer.

2. The compaction device for straw silage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component (3) includes a support frame (31) and a hydraulic cylinder (32) fixed inside the support frame (31). The support frame (31) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (2). The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (32) is connected through to one side of the fixed frame (2), and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (32) is fixedly connected to the fixed seat (4).

3. A compaction device for straw silage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compaction roller (5) has a rotating drum (51) fixedly installed at both ends, and the rotating drum (51) is rotatably connected to the fixed seat (4).

4. A compaction device for straw silage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inside of the rotating drum (51) is equipped with a detection device (10) for detecting whether the compaction roller (5) and the outer roller (6) are slipping or stagnating. The detection component (10) includes a connecting frame (101) and a rotary encoder (102) fixed inside the connecting frame (101). The connecting frame (101) is fixedly connected to the inside of the rotating drum (51).

5. A compaction device for straw silage according to claim 4, characterized in that: An electric push rod (20) is fixedly installed inside one end of the compaction roller (5).

6. A compaction device for straw silage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The compaction roller (5) is internally slidably connected to a guide (30); The guide (30) includes a cylinder (301) and several transverse grooves (302) formed on the surface of the cylinder (301). The cylinder (301) is slidably connected to the compaction roller (5). The output end of the electric push rod (20) is fixedly connected to the cylinder (301). The rotary encoder (102) is electrically connected to the electric push rod (20) through a controller. Several inclined guide plates (303) are fixedly installed inside the transverse grooves (302).

7. A compaction device for straw silage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The compaction roller (5) has several elastic inserts (40) that play a role in preventing slippage. The elastic insert (40) includes a fixed rod (401) and a movable wheel (402) fixed to one end of the fixed rod (401). The fixed rod (401) is slidably connected to the compaction roller (5), the movable wheel (402) is slidably connected to the transverse groove (302), and the compaction roller (5) is in contact with the inclined guide plate (303). The other end of the fixed rod (401) is rotatably connected to the insert rod (403), and the insert rod (403) is slidably connected to the compaction roller (5) and the outer roller (6) respectively. A limit plate (404) is fixedly installed on the surface of the fixed rod (401). A spring (405) is fixedly installed on one side of the limit plate (404), and one end of the spring (405) is fixedly connected to the inside of the compaction roller (5). Limit rods (406) are slidably connected to both ends of the limit plate (404), and the limit rods (406) are fixedly connected to the inside of the compaction roller (5).

8. A compaction device for straw silage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surface of the insertion rod (403) is provided with a sliding groove (407), and the two ends of the limiting plate (404) are provided with guide holes (408), and the limiting rod (406) is slidably connected to the guide holes (408).

9. A compaction device for straw silage according to claim 8, characterized in that: The slide groove (407) is slidably connected to a transmission component (50); The transmission component (50) includes a gear (501) and a rotating ring (502) fixed on both sides of the gear (501). The rotating ring (502) is rotatably connected to the inside of the compaction roller (5). A horizontal plate (503) is fixedly installed inside the gear (501), and the horizontal plate (503) is slidably connected to the slide groove (407).

10. A compaction device for straw silage according to claim 9, characterized in that: The compaction roller (5) is internally slidably connected to a connector (60), and the connector (60) is fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder (301); The connector (60) includes a disc (601) and several L-shaped toothed plates (602) fixed on the outer wall of the disc (601). The disc (601) is fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder (301), and the disc (601) is slidably connected to the inside of the compaction roller (5). The L-shaped toothed plates (602) are slidably connected to the compaction roller (5), and the L-shaped toothed plates (602) are meshed with the gear (501).

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