An endoscope

Abstract

The application discloses an integrated endoscope, aiming at solving the problems of low integration, large optical loss, complicated use, and poor imaging quality, and being easily interfered by heat and electromagnetic interference of the prior art electronic endoscope due to the separate setting of the external light guide beam, eyepiece and external socket of the traditional optical rigid mirror. The application adopts front-end LED illumination instead of optical fiber light guide, integrates the eyepiece and external socket into a magnification lens group, and directly images to the rear imaging chip; the mirror body adopts a double-layer structure of an outer tube and an inner tube, the LED illumination lead is arranged in the cut-out area of the inner tube, the optical space is saved to adopt a large-aperture lens to optimize the image quality; the imaging chip is rear-mounted in the handle, far away from the front heat source; the optical focusing and calibration are completed before the whole machine is shipped, and the whole machine is packaged, without the need of on-site debugging. The adapter plate integrates the control, light adjustment and image acquisition functions. The application has the advantages of high integration, excellent imaging quality, stable structure and convenient use, and is suitable for various medical endoscopic detection scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical endoscopy technology, specifically to an integrated endoscope, which is particularly suitable for minimally invasive endoscopic examination and clinical diagnosis scenarios such as joint, spine, ear, nose and throat, uterine cavity, and urology. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional rigid optical endoscopes employ pure optical image transmission and an external chip structure, resulting in high image quality. However, they require an external fiber optic beam guide, which is bulky and occupies internal space within the endoscope tube, limiting the aperture of the optical lenses. Furthermore, the eyepiece and external camera are separate components, leading to numerous optical interfaces, high losses, cumbersome assembly, and poor stability. Existing electronic endoscopes use a front-mounted chip solution, which offers high integration, but is limited by the size of the endoscope body, allowing only small-sized imaging chips with small photosensitive areas and low imaging resolution. The chip is located close to the illumination source, causing significant heat generation, high noise, and susceptibility to electromagnetic interference. The internal wiring of the endoscope body is complex, resulting in insufficient reliability. In addition, existing products generally suffer from scattered wiring, low housing positioning accuracy, and the need for on-site calibration, leading to poor product consistency and ease of use. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention discloses an integrated endoscope, including an LED imaging module, a handle, and an integrated circuit.

[0004] This invention integrates traditional split eyepieces and bayonet structures into a single magnification lens group, and with the chip rear-mounted, reduces optical loss while lowering chip heat and electromagnetic interference, thus improving the imaging signal-to-noise ratio. By partially cutting out the inner tube to avoid LED wires, the lens body is miniaturized without compressing the optical aperture, ensuring excellent imaging capabilities even with a slender lens body. The entire device adopts a factory pre-calibrated, non-separable structure, combined with a centralized circuit layout, achieving an overall improvement in assembly accuracy, ease of use, and equipment reliability.

[0005] The LED imaging module 10 has a built-in LED illumination unit 11. The module contains an objective lens group 12, a relay rod lens group 13, and a magnification lens group 14 arranged coaxially from the object side to the image side, which together form an integrated optical system. The lens body of the LED imaging module 10 adopts a double-layer structure of an outer tube 15 and an inner tube 16. The inner tube 16 is used to assemble the optical lenses of the objective lens group 12 and the relay rod lens group 13. The inner tube 16 is a partially cut-out tube. The fine wires of the LED illumination unit 11 are arranged in the cut-out area of ​​the inner tube 16, which does not occupy the optical lens assembly space.

[0006] The magnification lens group 14 replaces the eyepiece and external bayonet lens structure of the traditional optical hard lens, and directly images the object image onto the imaging chip 20.

[0007] The integrated circuit includes a keypad 21, an imaging chip 20, and an adapter board 22. The adapter board serves as a signal and power transmission hub and is electrically connected to the keypad 21, the LED lighting unit 11, and the imaging chip 20, respectively.

[0008] The imaging chip 20 is disposed inside the handle 30, on the image side of the magnification lens group 14, and coaxial with the integrated optical system, forming a rear-mounted chip arrangement.

[0009] The LED imaging module 10, handle 30, and integrated circuit are in an integrated package structure. Optical focusing and calibration are completed before leaving the factory, and the whole device cannot be disassembled.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment, the integrated optical system comprises twenty optical lenses arranged sequentially, wherein the first to fourth lenses form the objective lens group 12, the fifth to seventeenth lenses form the relay rod lens group 13, and the eighteenth to twentieth lenses form the magnification lens group 14.

[0011] Among them, the first to fourth lenses constitute the objective lens group 12, which adopts the optical power arrangement of negative in front and positive in back, and the combined focal length is 0.5mm to 2mm. The fifth to ninth lenses constitute the first relay group, wherein the eighth lens is an aspherical lens; the geometric length of this relay group satisfies f1 / 2 < geometric length < f1, where f1 is the focal length of the first relay group; Lenses 10 to 13 and lenses 14 to 17 form two sets of relay groups with identical structures. The geometric length of each relay group satisfies |f2| / 4 < geometric length < |f2| / 2, where f2 is the focal length of the corresponding relay group. The eighteenth to twentieth lenses are combined to form a magnification lens group 14. The eighteenth and nineteenth lenses are combined to form a cemented lens with a focal length range of 10mm-20mm. The twentieth lens is a meniscus lens with its concave surface facing the image plane and a focal length range of 5mm-10mm.

[0012] In this specification, geometric length is defined as the total axial distance from the object surface of the first lens to the image surface of the last lens within an optical group, which is the sum of the center thickness d of each lens in the group and the adjacent air gap t.

[0013] The handle 30 includes an upper shell 31, a lower shell 32, a shell bayonet 33, and a button silicone sleeve 34; the upper shell 31 and the lower shell 32 are positioned and assembled by the engagement of a boss and a groove.

[0014] The upper shell 31 has a boss with a through hole at the upper outer end, a key positioning post on the inner side of the boss, an arc-shaped opening on the left side, and two semi-circular bosses along the axial direction inside.

[0015] The lower housing 32 has an arc-shaped opening on the left side, and inside there are two semi-circular bosses along the axial direction, four positioning posts along the axial and circumferential directions, two sets of symmetrical straight bosses along the circumferential direction, and two symmetrical U-shaped bosses along the axial direction.

[0016] One end of the housing bayonet 33 is provided with a protrusion that is adapted to the upper and lower housings, and the other end is an integrated mirror sheath bayonet.

[0017] The button silicone sleeve 34 has a boss and a positioning hole on the front side. The positioning hole is adapted to and fixed with the button positioning post of the upper housing 31. The boss is adapted to the through hole of the upper housing 31. The button silicone sleeve 34 has a hollow cavity on the back side that is adapted to the button of the button plate 21.

[0018] The button panel 21 is equipped with at least two function buttons, which can realize functions such as taking pictures, recording videos, adjusting white balance and adjusting LED brightness through single or combined operation. The LED brightness can be adjusted in multiple levels.

[0019] The adapter plate 22 is provided with positioning holes that are adapted to the positioning posts of the lower housing 32; the adapter plate 22 is provided with multiple connecting seats and a collection cable 23, the connecting seats are respectively connected to the button plate 21, the LED lighting unit 11 and the imaging chip 20, and the collection cable 23 is used to connect to an external host. Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0020] The integration of optical systems significantly improves image quality and signal-to-noise ratio. The eyepiece and external mount are integrated into a magnification lens group, reducing optical interface and light energy loss, resulting in higher image contrast and clarity; the rear-mounted chip structure can be adapted to larger imaging chips, with better resolution and low-light imaging performance, while the chip is far away from the front heat source, resulting in low operating temperature and low imaging noise.

[0021] The mirror's spatial layout is optimized, resulting in higher light transmission aperture and structural reliability. By partially cutting and notching the inner tube to lay out LED wires, the central optical area is not occupied, and a larger aperture optical lens can be arranged under the same lens outer diameter, effectively improving the amount of light and imaging capability; the housing adopts the cooperation of bosses, grooves and positioning posts, with high assembly precision, and the whole machine is calibrated and packaged at the factory, so it is not easy to loosen or shift after long-term use, and the imaging consistency is good.

[0022] Centralized circuit design enhances anti-interference capabilities and equipment stability. Using the adapter board as the signal and power supply hub simplifies wiring and shortens lines, effectively reducing electromagnetic interference and making the system more stable. At the same time, it reduces internal connection nodes, lowers the probability of failure, and improves equipment reliability and service life.

[0023] The usage process is simplified, and the clinical operation and maintenance costs are lower. It uses built-in LED lighting instead of traditional fiber optic light guides, eliminating the need for external light guides, reducing the number of cables during surgery, making operation more flexible, avoiding the problem of fiber optic fragility, and lowering maintenance costs; the buttons integrate functions such as taking pictures, recording videos, white balance, and brightness adjustment, making it suitable for minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment in multiple scenarios and with strong clinical applicability.

[0024] Factory pre-calibration and modular design result in higher production and usage efficiency. The entire machine is focused and calibrated during the production stage, and can be used immediately in clinical settings without on-site debugging, greatly improving diagnostic and treatment efficiency. Each component adopts a modular structure, which is highly versatile, facilitates mass production and quality control, and the modules can be replaced independently, making later maintenance simple and convenient. Attached image description: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the LED imaging module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the inner tube notch of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the handle structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the optical system of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the objective lens assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the magnification lens assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 This is the logic diagram of the integrated circuit of the present invention. Detailed implementation method: Example: Integrated endoscope for spinal surgery

[0025] The outer diameter of a conventional minimally invasive endoscope is mostly 4mm, and due to structural limitations, the diameter of the internal optical lens can usually only reach about 2.8mm.

[0026] The integrated endoscope of this embodiment has an outer tube 15 with a diameter of 4mm. By partially cutting out the inner tube to avoid the LED wires, the diameter of the internal optical lens can reach 3.3mm, which is about 0.5mm larger than the conventional structure. This achieves a larger light transmission diameter and higher imaging quality with the same outer diameter.

[0027] The integrated endoscope of this embodiment includes an LED imaging module 10, a housing bayonet 33, a lower housing 32, an upper housing 31, a button silicone sleeve 34, a button board 21, an imaging chip 20, an adapter board 22, and a collection cable. The overall structure is compact and can meet the space requirements for minimally invasive operations.

[0028] Optical system parameters: Explanation of the symbols for each parameter: R1 and R2 are the radii of curvature of the object-side and image-side surfaces of the lens, respectively, in mm; d is the center thickness of the lens, in mm; t is the air gap between adjacent optical surfaces, in mm; K is the quadratic surface coefficient; A4, A6, and A8 are the aspherical higher-order coefficients. The optical system operates at wavelengths of 450nm, 550nm, and 650nm, with a center wavelength of 550nm; the air gap between the object plane and the first lens is t=4.0000mm; the system aperture is located on the R2 surface of the second lens. 1. First lens: R1=∞, R2=0.6745mm, material: H-ZLAF4LB, d=0.3000mm, t=0.8000mm 2. Second lens: R1=∞, R2=∞, material: H-LAF50B, d=2.7000mm, t=0.0500mm (system aperture) 3. Third lens: R1=∞, R2=3.1232mm, material: H-TF5, d=0.8205mm, t=2.3283mm 4. Fourth lens: R1=3.1232mm, R2=-2.6025mm, material: H-ZLAF75A, d=2.3283mm, t=5.4025mm 5. Fifth lens: R1=∞, R2=-5.6451mm, material: H-ZLAF71AGT, d=2.9994mm, t=0.8106mm 6. Sixth lens: R1=∞, R2=∞, material: H-ZF52A, d=20.0395mm, t=1.0306mm 7. Seventh lens element: R1=-34.3559mm, R2=3.0132mm, material: H-ZF52GT, d=3.0000mm, t=1.8500mm 8. Eighth lens: R1=3.0132mm, R2 aspherical, R=-5.5776mm, K=-1.3379, A4=1.2286×10⁻³, A6=1.4723×10⁻ 4 A8 = 7.4564 × 10⁻ 6 Material: D-LAF050, d=1.8500mm, t=0.8195mm 9. Ninth lens: R1=∞, R2=∞, material: H-ZF52A, d=20.0395mm, t=4.5913mm 10. Tenth lens: R1=8.5778mm, R2=-3.3969mm, material: H-LAF1, d=3.5097mm, t=20.0395mm 11. Eleventh lens: R1=-3.3969mm, R2=-462.7643mm, material: H-TF5, d=20.0395mm, t=4.5913mm 12. Twelfth lens: R1=8.5778mm, R2=-3.3969mm, material: H-LAF1, d=3.5097mm, t=20.0395mm 13. Thirteenth lens: R1=-3.3969mm, R2=-462.7643mm, material: H-TF5, d=20.0395mm, t=2.9896mm 14. Fourteenth lens: R1=8.5778mm, R2=-3.3969mm, material: H-LAF1, d=3.5097mm, t=20.0395mm 15. Fifteenth lens: R1=-3.3969mm, R2=-462.7643mm, material: H-TF5, d=20.0395mm, t=4.5913mm 16. Sixteenth lens: R1=8.5778mm, R2=-3.3969mm, material: H-LAF1, d=3.5097mm, t=20.0395mm 17. Seventeenth lens: R1=-3.3969mm, R2=-462.7643mm, material: H-TF5, d=20.0395mm, t=4.5913mm 18. Eighteenth lens: R1=9.2429mm, R2=4.0698mm, material: H-ZF88GT, d=5.0003mm, t=2.7849mm 19. Nineteenth lens: R1=4.0698mm, R2=-9.9061mm, material: H-FK61B, d=2.7849mm, t=0.9997mm 20. Twentieth lens: R1=5.5589mm, R2=39.5643mm, material: H-ZLAF68N, d=5.0000mm, t=11.0327mm In this embodiment, the specific specifications of the optical system are as follows: The combined focal length of objective lens group 12 (first to fourth lenses) is 0.864 mm; The focal length of the first relay group (fifth to ninth lenses) is 88.6693 mm. The geometric length is 50.589 mm, satisfying f1 / 2 < geometric length < f1; The latter two sets of relay lenses (lenses 10-13 and 14-17) have a focal length of −204.4577 mm and a geometric length of 55.343 mm, satisfying |f2| / 4 < geometric length < |f2| / 2; The focal length of the 14th group of magnification lenses (the 18th to 20th lenses) is 6.529 mm.

[0029] Under the conditions of central field of view and working wavelength of 550nm, the optical transfer function (MTF) of this optical system is greater than 0.1 at the cutoff frequency of 100lp / mm.

[0030] The entire unit is optically focused and calibrated before leaving the factory and then packaged as a whole. No on-site debugging is required during use, and the unit cannot be disassembled.

Claims

1. An integrated endoscope, characterized in that, include: Includes LED imaging module, handle, and integrated circuit; The LED imaging module has a built-in LED illumination unit. The module contains an objective lens group, a relay rod lens group, and a magnification lens group arranged coaxially from the object side to the image side, which together form an integrated optical system. The lens body of the LED imaging module adopts a double-layer structure of an outer tube and an inner tube. The inner tube is used to assemble the optical lenses of the objective lens group and the relay rod lens group. The inner tube is a partially cut-out tube. The fine wires of the LED illumination unit are arranged in the cut-out area of ​​the inner tube, which does not occupy the assembly space of the optical lenses. The magnification lens group replaces the eyepiece and external bayonet lens structure of the traditional optical hard lens, and directly images the object image onto the imaging chip. The integrated circuit includes a keypad, an imaging chip, and an adapter board. The adapter board serves as a signal and power transmission hub and is electrically connected to the keypad, the LED lighting unit, and the imaging chip, respectively. The imaging chip is located inside the handle, on the image side of the magnification lens group, and coaxial with the integrated optical system, forming a rear-mounted chip arrangement. The LED imaging module, handle, and integrated circuit are packaged as a single unit. Optical focusing and calibration are completed before leaving the factory, and the entire unit cannot be disassembled.

2. The integrated endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated optical system comprises twenty optical lenses, which are assembled sequentially. The first to fourth lenses are the objective lens group, the fifth to seventeenth lenses are the relay rod lens group, and the eighteenth to twentieth lenses are the magnification lens group 14.

3. The integrated endoscope according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first to fourth lenses constitute the objective lens group, which adopts a negative front and positive rear optical power arrangement, with a combined focal length of 0.5mm to 2mm. The fifth to ninth lenses constitute the first relay group, wherein the eighth lens is an aspherical lens; the geometric length of this relay group satisfies f1 / 2 < geometric length < f1, where f1 is the focal length of the first relay group; Lenses 10 to 13 and lenses 14 to 17 form two sets of relay groups with identical structures. The geometric length of each relay group satisfies |f2| / 4 < geometric length < |f2| / 2, where f2 is the focal length of the corresponding relay group. The eighteenth to twentieth lenses are combined to form a magnification lens group 14. The eighteenth and nineteenth lenses are combined to form a cemented lens with a focal length range of 10mm-20mm. The twentieth lens is a meniscus lens with its concave surface facing the image plane and a focal length range of 5mm-10mm.

4. The integrated endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The handle includes an upper shell, a lower shell, a shell bayonet, and a button silicone sleeve; the upper shell and the lower shell are positioned and assembled by the interlocking of a boss and a groove.

5. The integrated endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The keypad is equipped with at least two function keys, which can be used to take photos, record videos, adjust white balance and LED brightness through single or combined operations. The LED brightness can be adjusted in multiple levels.

6. The integrated endoscope according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper outer end of the upper housing is provided with a boss with a through hole, the inner side of the boss is provided with a key positioning post, the left side is provided with an arc-shaped opening, and the inside is provided with two semi-circular bosses along the axial direction.

7. The integrated endoscope according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower housing has an arc-shaped opening on the left side, and inside there are two semi-circular bosses along the axial direction, four positioning posts along the axial and circumferential directions, two sets of symmetrical straight bosses along the circumferential direction, and two symmetrical U-shaped bosses along the axial direction.

8. The integrated endoscope according to claim 4, characterized in that, One end of the housing bayonet is provided with a protrusion that matches the upper and lower housings, and the other end is an integrated mirror sheath bayonet.

9. The integrated endoscope according to claim 4, characterized in that, The front of the button silicone sleeve has a boss and a positioning hole. The positioning hole is adapted to and fixed with the button positioning post of the upper shell. The boss is adapted to the through hole of the upper shell. The back of the button silicone sleeve has a hollow cavity adapted to the button of the button plate.

10. The integrated endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adapter plate is provided with positioning holes that are adapted to the positioning posts of the lower housing; the adapter plate is provided with multiple connectors and a collection cable, the connectors are respectively connected to the button board, the LED lighting unit and the imaging chip, and the collection cable is used to connect to an external host.

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