A bracket for tibial intramedullary nail surgery

Abstract

The application discloses a support for tibial intramedullary nail operation, which comprises a rectangular bottom plate, a rectangular thigh support plate, a rectangular shank support plate, rotating shafts and a blocking column. The rectangular bottom plate is laid on an operating bed. The lower end of the thigh support plate and the rear end of the bottom plate, and the upper end of the shank support plate and the upper end of the thigh support plate are respectively hinged through rotating shafts. The thigh and the shank are respectively leaned against the thigh support plate and the shank support plate. The thigh support plate and the shank support plate can slide relative to the bottom plate through two rotating shafts. The angle between the two can be increased or decreased accordingly, so as to adapt to the special knee bending angle required in tibial intramedullary nail operation. The shank support plate forms a stable angle through the blocking column which protrudes above the bottom plate, so as to facilitate the operation of tibial intramedullary nail implantation in operation. The application can maintain the patient at a specific knee bending angle, facilitate every step of intramedullary nail operation, and all the components are lower than the knee joint, so as not to affect the operation. The device can guarantee the smooth implantation of tibial intramedullary needle in operation, reduce the load of an assistant, shorten the operation time and improve the operation quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a stent suitable for intramedullary nailing of the tibia, belonging to the field of orthopedic medical device technology. Background Technology

[0002] The tibia, located on the front of the lower leg, is prone to fracture after high-energy direct or torsional trauma, making it a relatively common fracture, accounting for approximately 2% of all fractures. For displaced tibial shaft fractures, open reduction and internal fixation with plates is a common surgical method. However, this method involves significant soft tissue exposure, considerable trauma, and substantial disruption of the blood supply around the fracture site, increasing the risk of complications such as skin necrosis and delayed fracture healing. In contrast, closed reduction and intramedullary nailing is less invasive and has fewer complications; therefore, intramedullary nailing has gradually become the preferred treatment option for tibial shaft fractures.

[0003] In intramedullary nailing surgery for tibial shaft fractures, a specific knee flexion angle needs to be maintained during the operation to ensure successful insertion of the intramedullary nail. The required knee flexion angle varies depending on the surgical approach. During the suprapatellar approach, the knee joint needs to be maintained at a flexion angle of 15°-30°, while during the infrapatellar approach, the knee joint needs to be maintained at a flexion angle of 90°-120°. Some surgeons use rolled-up sterile drapes placed under the knee joint during surgery to maintain knee flexion. This is simple and effective for maintaining 15°-30° flexion in the suprapatellar approach, but for the infrapatellar approach, which requires maintaining 90°-120° flexion, a large amount of sterile drape is needed for support, and two assistants are required to assist in maintaining reduction. Although sterile drapes are commonly used, their soft material lacks sufficient mechanical support. This disadvantage becomes more pronounced when the knee flexion angle is increased, easily causing fracture displacement and misalignment, increasing the difficulty of intramedullary nailing. Furthermore, using rolled-up sterile drapes to maintain knee flexion requires at least two assistants to assist in maintaining fracture reduction and knee flexion. Over time, the assistants' movements can become distorted, which is also detrimental to fracture reduction and knee flexion maintenance, thus affecting intramedullary nailing. While other tools exist for maintaining knee flexion during surgery, their simple construction makes them difficult to adjust and maintain the ideal knee flexion angle, leaving many shortcomings and severely hindering further improvements in surgical techniques. In summary, the main problem currently is the widespread lack of specialized support instruments for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery. These instruments must meet requirements such as simple structure, stability, easy adjustment of the support angle, and no interference with intraoperative fluoroscopy.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a stent specifically for intramedullary nailing of the tibia. Using specialized tools for specialized surgery can not only improve the surgeon's skill level, but also shorten the operation time, reduce surgical complications, and accelerate the patient's recovery. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a support for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery to meet existing surgical needs, which allows the tibia to maintain the angle required for successful implantation of the intramedullary nail without affecting the surgical procedure and intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] A support for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery includes a rectangular base plate, a rectangular thigh support plate, a rectangular calf support plate, a rotating shaft, and a blocking column. The rectangular base plate is placed flat on the operating table. The lower end of the thigh support plate and the rear end of the base plate, and the top end of the calf support plate and the top end of the thigh support plate are hinged by the rotating shaft. The thigh and calf rest against the thigh support plate and the calf support plate, respectively. The thigh support plate and the calf support plate can slide relative to the base plate through two rotating shafts, and the angle between them can be increased or decreased accordingly to adapt to the special knee flexion angle required during tibial intramedullary nailing. The calf support plate forms a stable angle through the blocking column protruding above the base plate.

[0008] In the aforementioned stent for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery, as a preferred embodiment, the base plate, thigh support plate, calf support plate, rotating shaft, and blocking column are all initially designed to be made of wood, but are not limited to wood. As long as the strength and X-ray transmission requirements are met, non-metallic materials such as polyethylene and carbon fiber can also be used according to process requirements.

[0009] In the aforementioned stent for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery, as a preferred embodiment, the rectangular base plate is a single-piece structure. The front half has six rows of blocking post seat holes, but is not limited to six rows; more rows can be provided to facilitate switching of the lower leg support plate to meet various knee flexion angles required for surgery. The rear half has a rectangular default design in the middle, which should be large enough to accommodate the lower half of the thigh support plate after the knee joint is flattened. The rear opening has a concave shape, and a pair of rotating shaft through holes are designed near the concave tail end of the rear end. The number of these holes is not limited to one pair; three or more pairs can be provided to increase the flexibility of stent adjustment.

[0010] In the aforementioned stent for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery, as a preferred embodiment, the rectangular thigh support plate is a single-piece structure. The lower half of the bottom end has a symmetrical rectangular design on both sides in a "convex" shape. A pivot hole is designed near the bottom of the "convex" shape. The upper part of the thigh support plate has a middle rectangular design, which should be large enough to accommodate the upper half of the lower leg support plate when the knee is flexed to its maximum angle. The opening towards the top is concave. Three pairs of equally spaced pivot holes are designed near the top of the concave shape at the top, but not limited to three pairs; more pairs can be provided to facilitate adjustment of the pivot holes according to thigh length, increasing the flexibility of the stent adjustment. The bottom end of the thigh support plate and the tail of the base plate form a hinge joint via a pivot.

[0011] In the aforementioned stent for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery, as a preferred embodiment, the rectangular calf support plate is a single-piece structure. The upper half of the top is a symmetrical rectangular design with a "convex" shape on both sides, and should be large enough to accommodate the knee joint at its maximum flexion angle without colliding with the thigh support plate. A pivot hole is provided near the top of the "convex" design. The lower half of the calf support plate is a normal rectangular structure. The top of the calf support plate and the top of the thigh support plate form a hinge joint through the pivot shaft. The bottom of the calf support plate slides on the base plate, changing the angle between the calf support plate and the thigh support plate. The position is stabilized and fixed at the desired angle by the blocking posts on the base plate.

[0012] In the aforementioned stent for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery, as a preferred embodiment, the blocking post hole of the base plate is not permeable, and its depth is approximately two-thirds of the base plate thickness, and not less than half the base plate thickness. This facilitates the stability of the blocking post and reduces the risk of postoperative damage to the seat hole due to excessive shallowness.

[0013] In the aforementioned stent for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery, as a preferred embodiment, the diameters of the rotating shaft and the blocking column are the same, and the diameters of the rotating shaft through the hole and the blocking column seat hole are the same and slightly larger than the diameters of the rotating shaft and the blocking column, which facilitates mass production, fabrication, assembly, and interchangeability of parts.

[0014] This invention allows patients to maintain an optimal knee flexion angle during tibial intramedullary nail implantation surgery, and all components remain below the knee joint, thus not interfering with the surgical procedure. This device ensures the smooth execution of tibial intramedullary nail implantation surgery, reduces the workload of assistants, and improves surgical efficiency and quality. Furthermore, this invention offers advantages such as readily available materials, simple structural principles, reliable performance, and ease of operation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the thigh support plate.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lower leg support plate.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the base plate.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is an example diagram of a bracket.

[0022] The thigh support plate is referred to as plate A in the diagram, the calf support plate as plate B in the diagram, and the base plate as plate C in the diagram.

[0023] The labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Plate A and rotating shaft: 1.1 Front view of Plate A, 1.2 Side view of Plate A, 1.3 Rotating shaft and support rod, A1, A2, A3, and A4 are all rotating shaft channels. 2. Plate B and rotating shaft: 2.1 Front view of Plate B, 2.2 Side view of Plate B, 2.3 Rotating shaft and support rod, B1 Rotating shaft channel. 3. Plate C, rotating shaft, and blocking column: 3.1 Front view of Plate C, 3.2 Side view of Plate C, 3.3 Rotating shaft and support rod, 3.4 Blocking column (outside the seat hole), C1 Rotating shaft channel, C2-C7 Blocking column seat holes, C8 Blocking column (inside the seat hole). 4. Side view of the bracket: 4.1 Plate A, 4.2 Plate B, 4.3 Plate C, 4.4 Rotating shaft 1 between Plate A and Plate C, 4.5 Rotating shaft 2 between Plate A and Plate B, 4.6 Blocking column, 4.7-4.12 Rows of blocking column seat holes. 5. Implementation diagrams of the stent: 5.1 Plate A, 5.2 Plate B, 5.3 Plate C, 5.4 Lower leg, 5.5 Thigh. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the description of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0026] The reference numerals and components involved in the accompanying drawings are shown below:

[0027] The thigh support plate is referred to as plate A in the diagram, the calf support plate as plate B in the diagram, and the base plate as plate C in the diagram.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the thigh support plate. 1.1 Front view of plate A, 1.2 Side view of plate A, 1.3 Rotation shaft and support rod, A1, A2, A3, and A4 are all rotation shaft channels.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the lower leg support plate. 2.1 Front view of plate B, 2.2 Side view of plate B, 2.3 Rotating shaft and support rod, B1 Rotating shaft channel.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the base plate. 3.2 Side view of plate C, 3.3 Rotating shaft and support rod, 3.4 Blocking post (outside the seat hole), C1 Rotating shaft channel, C2-C7 Blocking post seat holes, C8 Blocking post (inside the seat hole).

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. 4.1 Plate A, 4.2 Plate B, 4.3 Plate C, 4.4 Rotation shaft 1 between Plate A and Plate C, 4.5 Rotation shaft 2 between Plate A and Plate B, 4.6 Blocking post, 4.7-4.12 Blocking post seat hole.

[0032] Figure 5 These are implementation diagrams of the stent: 5.1A plate, 5.2B plate, 5.3C plate, 5.4 lower leg, and 5.5 thigh.

[0033] Example 1: A scaffold for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery

[0034] Please see the appendix Figures 1 to 4 As stated in the appendix Figure 4 The diagram shows an overall design of a scaffold for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery. The disassembled device includes: 4.1 Plate A, 4.2 Plate B, 4.3 Plate C, 4.4 Rotation shaft 1 between plates A and C, 4.5 Rotation shaft 2 between plates A and B, 4.6 Blocking post, and 4.7-4.12 Blocking post seat holes. The disassembled structural diagrams of each part are shown below. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown. Implementation example Figure 5 As shown.

[0035] Method for performing tibial intramedullary nailing surgery using the present invention:

[0036] 1. During the operation, the C-plate is placed flat on the operating table with the front end facing the feet and the back end close to the groin.

[0037] 2. A hinge is formed by connecting the bottom end of plate A and the rear end of plate C through rotating shaft 1. The "convex" end of plate A is placed into the "concave" end of plate C, and the rotating shaft hole at the bottom end of plate A is aligned with the rotating shaft hole at the rear end of plate C. Then, the rotating shaft is inserted and passes through the rotating shaft holes of plate A and plate C to form the first movable hinge. The angle between plate A and plate C can be changed by rotating shaft to adjust the fit between plate A and thigh.

[0038] 3. A hinge is formed by connecting the top of plate B and the top of plate A via a rotating shaft 2. The "convex" part of the top of plate B is placed inside the "concave" part of the top of plate A, and the rotating shaft hole at the top of plate B is aligned with the rotating shaft hole at the top of plate A. The rotating shaft is then inserted, passing through the rotating shaft holes of both plates B and A, thus forming a second movable hinge. Together with the first hinge, the angle between plates B and A can be changed via the rotating shaft. Besides adjusting the knee flexion angle, the fit between plate B and the lower leg can also be adjusted. The "concave" part at the top of plate A has three pairs of rotating shaft holes. Depending on the length of the patient's thigh and lower leg, a suitable rotating shaft can be selected to pass through the holes.

[0039] 4. The bottom end of plate B slides on the surface of plate C. A fixed knee flexion angle and stability are maintained by the blocking post protruding from the surface of plate C. This design has 6 rows of base holes. 4.7 is the maximum knee flexion angle, which facilitates the implantation of the tibial intramedullary nail. The remaining base holes are for the knee joint flexion angle that gradually decreases until the minimum knee flexion angle after flattening, which facilitates the adjustment of the angle during operation and facilitates overall fluoroscopy.

[0040] 5. The blocking holes 4.7-4.12 are 6 rows of holes, with sufficient distance in between to set more rows of holes, allowing for more flexible adjustment of the knee flexion angle. They can also provide a knee flexion angle that facilitates surgery for patellar fractures, tibial plateau fractures, and retrograde intramedullary nailing of the femur.

[0041] 6. The final result is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the knee joint spans the tops of plates A and B, the foot rests flat on plate C, the lower leg is attached to plate A, and the thigh is attached to plate B.

[0042] As described in this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment" indicate that a specific structure, feature, or material described in connection with that embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the specific structures, features, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0043] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to well understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents. The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and additions without departing from the principles of the invention, and these improvements and additions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0044] This frame provides the optimal knee flexion angle required for successful tibial intramedullary nailing, without occupying operating space, which helps improve surgical efficiency and quality and reduces the physical exertion of assistants and surgeons. In addition, it can be used to develop knee flexion angles suitable for tibial plateau fractures, patellar fractures and retrograde femoral intramedullary nailing surgery, making it suitable for widespread use in various medical institutions.

Claims

1. A stent for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery, characterized in that, The device includes a rectangular base plate, a rectangular thigh support plate, a rectangular calf support plate, a rotating shaft, and a blocking column. The rectangular base plate is placed flat on the operating table. The lower end of the thigh support plate and the rear end of the base plate, as well as the upper end of the calf support plate and the upper end of the thigh support plate, are hinged by the rotating shaft. The thigh and calf rest against the thigh support plate and the calf support plate, respectively. The thigh support plate and the calf support plate can slide relative to the base plate through two rotating shafts, and the angle between them can be increased or decreased accordingly to adapt to the special knee flexion angle required during tibial intramedullary nailing. The calf support plate forms a stable angle through the blocking column protruding above the base plate.

2. A stent for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectangular base plate, rectangular thigh support plate, rectangular calf support plate, rotating shaft and blocking column are all initially designed to be made of wood, but are not limited to wood. Any material that meets the physical properties of strength and X-ray transmission is acceptable, such as non-metallic materials like polyethylene and carbon fiber.

3. A stent for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectangular base plate is a single-piece structure. The front half has six rows of blocking post seat holes, while the rear half has a rectangular default design in the middle, opening towards the rear in a concave shape. Near the concave tail, the rear end features a pair of rotating shaft passage holes. The number of rotating shaft passage holes is not limited to one pair; three or more pairs can be provided. The blocking posts and rotating shafts are cylindrical with the same diameter. The diameters of the rotating shaft passage holes and blocking post seat holes are slightly larger than the diameters of the blocking posts and rotating shafts.

4. A stent for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectangular thigh support plate is a single-piece structure. The lower half of the bottom section has a symmetrical rectangular design on both sides in a "convex" shape. A pivot hole is located near the bottom of the "convex" shape. The upper part of the thigh support plate has a central rectangular design that opens towards the top in a "concave" shape. Three pairs of equally spaced pivot holes are located near the top of the "concave" shape. The bottom of the thigh support plate and the tail of the base plate form a hinge joint via the pivot. The top of the thigh support plate and the top of the calf support plate form a hinge joint via a rotating axis.

5. A stent for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectangular calf support plate is a single-piece structure. The upper half of the top is a symmetrical rectangular design with a "convex" shape on both sides. A pivot hole is located near the top of the "convex" shape. The lower half of the calf support plate is a normal rectangular structure. The top of the calf support plate and the top of the thigh support plate form a hinge joint through the pivot. The bottom of the calf support plate slides on the base plate, changing the angle between the calf support plate and the thigh support plate. The position of the blocking post on the base plate stabilizes and fixes the calf support plate at the desired angle.

6. A stent for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that, The blocking post holes in the base plate are not transparent, and their depth is approximately two-thirds of the thickness of the base plate.

7. A stent for tibial intramedullary nailing surgery as claimed in claims 1, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that, The diameters of the rotating shaft and the blocking post are the same, and the diameters of the rotating shaft through the hole and the blocking post seat hole are the same, but slightly larger than the diameters of the rotating shaft and the blocking post.

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