Depth-limited sealing coupling type power battery pack fire extinguishing execution head

Abstract

The application discloses a depth-limited sealing coupled power battery pack fire extinguishing execution head and relates to the technical field of power battery fire emergency disposal equipment. The execution head main body, the abutting guide, the annular sealing element, the penetrating component, the liquid injection channel, the exhaust gas recovery channel and the protection injection channel are provided. The abutting guide is arranged on the outer side of the front end of the execution head main body, and the annular sealing element is arranged on the inner side or the adjacent area of the abutting guide. The penetrating component is arranged in the central area of the execution head main body, the front end of the penetrating component is provided with a heat-resistant hard tip, the interior of the penetrating component is provided with the liquid injection channel, the liquid injection channel is in communication with a liquid outlet arranged on the rear side wall of the heat-resistant hard tip, a depth-limited part is arranged on the abutting guide, the exhaust gas recovery channel is arranged in the execution head main body and is in communication with a local sealing cavity through a communication hole in the front end area of the execution head main body, the exhaust gas recovery channel extends to the rear end of the execution head to form a recovery interface, and the protection injection channel extends along the periphery of the execution head main body and is provided with a protection injection nozzle in the front end adjacent area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of emergency response equipment technology for power battery fires, and in particular to a depth-limited sealed coupling type power battery pack fire extinguishing actuator for controlled access, directional injection, local containment, and exhaust recovery of power battery packs. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of new energy vehicles, energy storage systems, and other devices that use power battery packs as energy carriers, the fire risk caused by thermal runaway of power batteries is receiving increasing attention. When a power battery pack experiences thermal runaway, smoke, flames, or continuous temperature rise, it is usually necessary to rapidly cool the hot spots inside the battery pack and suppress reignition. Therefore, how to effectively introduce a medium into the battery pack while the outer casing is an obstacle has become a key issue in fire emergency response.

[0003] Existing equipment for puncturing, drilling, injecting fluid, or watering power battery packs primarily focuses on creating an inlet and delivering the medium into the battery pack. However, it fails to adequately address the following issues: First, the penetration depth is difficult to control, and the actuator may penetrate deeply into unknown areas inside the battery pack, potentially damaging unstable cells, busbars, support components, or insulation structures. Second, it is difficult to establish a reliable and effective local seal between the actuator and the surface of the power battery pack casing, leading to the escape of high-temperature gases, vapors, fumes, and backflow liquids at the moment of penetration, posing a safety hazard. Third, existing injection structures often employ axial forward spraying, which can easily cause strong impacts to the individual cells and components inside the power battery pack, increasing the risk of secondary disturbances. Fourth, there is insufficient integration of functions such as local fumes containment, toxic gas recovery, and external protection, making it difficult to achieve safe and controlled integrated treatment.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fire extinguishing actuator that can stably adhere to the surface of the power battery pack shell to form a local seal, control the shallow penetration depth, achieve lateral liquid spreading, and take into account local exhaust recovery and external protective spray, so as to improve the safety, controllability and effectiveness of emergency response to power battery fires. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems in existing technologies, such as difficulty in controlling penetration depth during emergency access to power battery packs, insufficient sealing between the actuator and the outer shell surface, strong impact of the introduced medium, and difficulty in locally containing smoke and backflow. This invention provides a depth-limited, sealed coupling type fire extinguishing actuator for power battery packs. This fire extinguishing actuator can form a locally sealed cavity on the surface of the power battery pack shell and complete controlled shallow penetration access under limited depth conditions. This allows the fire extinguishing medium to be introduced into the power battery pack from the rear side wall of the tip, while simultaneously achieving exhaust recovery and external ballistic protection.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A depth-limited sealed coupling power battery pack fire extinguishing actuator includes an actuator body, a contact guide, an annular seal, a penetrating component, an injection channel, an exhaust recovery channel, and a protective spray channel; The abutting guide is located on the outer side of the front end of the actuator head body and is used to abut and position itself against the surface of the power battery pack shell. The annular seal is located on the inner side or adjacent area of ​​the abutting guide and is used to form a local sealed cavity together with the surface of the power battery pack shell after the actuator head abuts against the surface of the power battery pack shell. The penetrating member is located in the central area of ​​the actuator head body, with a heat-resistant hard tip at the front end and an internal liquid injection channel. The liquid injection channel is connected to the liquid outlet located on the side wall behind the heat-resistant hard tip. The liquid outlet is one or more of the following: lateral liquid outlet, inclined liquid outlet, circumferentially distributed liquid outlet, or slit-type liquid outlet, so that the extinguishing medium mainly diffuses and spreads laterally after entering the power battery pack, reducing the positive impact on the local structure inside the battery pack. The abutting guide is provided with a depth limiting part, which is located in the middle or near the front of the abutting guide. It is used to form a limiting fit with the surface of the power battery pack shell after the penetrating member penetrates the shell, thereby limiting the penetrating member from going deeper, so as to achieve controlled shallow penetration access. The exhaust recovery channel is connected to the local sealed cavity through a connecting hole and extends to the rear end of the actuator to form a recovery interface, which is used to recover the mixture of steam, flue gas and return jet liquid generated at the moment of breakthrough or during the injection process. The protective jet channel extends along the periphery of the execution head body, and one or more protective jet nozzles are set in the area adjacent to the front end to form a protective jet fluid curtain around the execution head, so as to isolate, cool and control the front end area of ​​the execution head.

[0007] Preferably, the actuator head body adopts a layered arrangement structure, with a liquid injection channel and a central through area corresponding to the through component in its central region. The ejector channel is located on the periphery of the actuator head body and communicates with the ejector nozzle. The exhaust recovery channel is located inside the actuator head body and communicates with the local sealed cavity through a connecting hole, and extends to the rear end of the actuator head to form a recovery interface.

[0008] Preferably, the abutting guide is one or more combinations of a planar abutting structure, a shallow concave abutting structure, and a compliant abutting surface structure adapted to the power battery pack shell, so as to improve the abutting stability and guiding positioning capability of the actuator on the surface of the power battery pack shell.

[0009] Preferably, the annular seal is one or more of the following: an elastic skirt, an inflatable sealing bladder, an expansion sealing ring, and a heat-resistant elastic sealing ring, used to form a circumferential seal when the actuator body is in contact with the surface of the power battery pack casing.

[0010] Preferably, the depth limiting part is a depth limiting shoulder, limiting ring, limiting step, or other structure that can form a limiting fit with the surface of the power battery pack shell or the reference surface of the front end of the actuator, located in the middle or near the front of the guide member, to control the effective penetration depth of the penetrating member.

[0011] Preferably, the liquid outlet is a plurality of circumferentially distributed liquid outlet holes disposed on the rear sidewall of the heat-resistant hard tip. The plurality of liquid outlet holes may be uniformly or non-uniformly distributed along the circumference to form a medium output effect of lateral diffusion or directional deflection.

[0012] Preferably, the actuator further includes a locking mechanism, which is used to maintain the relative position between the actuator body and the power battery pack shell after the penetrating member has completed the breakthrough, so as to prevent displacement, loosening or rebound during the filling and recycling process.

[0013] Preferably, the execution head further includes a sensing interface or sensing component, which is used to acquire one or more of the following information: breakthrough confirmation, back pressure, temperature, thermal image, combustible gas, vapor concentration, or execution posture, and to link with an external control system.

[0014] Preferably, the exhaust recovery channel can be connected to one or more of a flame arrester, a gas-liquid separator, an adsorption unit, and a negative pressure suction device; the protective jet channel can be connected to a low-pressure water curtain branch or other protective jet branch.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: By using the guide and the annular seal to form a local sealed cavity on the surface of the power battery pack shell, it helps to locally contain the high-temperature gas, steam, flue gas and backflow liquid mixture generated at the moment of breakthrough and during the filling process, reducing its direct escape into the external environment and improving operational safety. By limiting the penetration depth of the penetrating component through the depth limit section, controlled shallow penetration into the shell can be achieved, reducing the risk of accidental damage to unstable cells, electrical connection components and other structures inside the power battery pack; By placing the liquid outlet on the side wall behind the heat-resistant hard tip, the extinguishing medium enters the battery pack and spreads laterally or obliquely, reducing the forward impact and facilitating the covering, cooling, and liquid guiding treatment of the area near the hot spot. By integrating the exhaust recovery channel and the protective firing channel into the main body of the execution head, local exhaust recovery and peripheral protective firing can be achieved simultaneously, improving the functional integration and operational safety of emergency response to power battery fires. This invention takes into account the safety, controllability, and end-function integration requirements of the emergency access process of power battery packs, and is suitable as a key execution end in the controlled access and directional injection system for power battery fires. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The advantages and features of this invention patent will be illustrated and explained in the following description.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of a depth-limited sealed coupling power battery pack fire extinguishing actuator of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working process of a depth-limited sealed coupling power battery pack fire extinguishing actuator according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the front end of a fire extinguishing actuator head for a depth-limited sealed coupling power battery pack according to the present invention. 101—Executor head body, 102—Abutting guide, 103—Annular seal, 104—Through-through component, 105—Injection channel, 106—Exhaust recovery channel, 107—Guarding channel, 201—Liquid outlet, 202—Guarding medium inlet, 203—Power battery pack, 204—Guarding nozzle, 205—Recovery interface, 301—Depth limit, 302—Partially sealed cavity, 303—Heat-resistant hard tip, 304—Connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a depth-limited sealed coupling power battery pack fire extinguishing actuator, including an actuator body 101, a contact guide 102, an annular seal 103, a through member 104, an injection channel 105, an exhaust recovery channel 106, and a protective spray channel 107.

[0020] The actuator body 101 is the main load-bearing structure of the entire actuator head, used to install and support the guide member 102, the annular seal 103, the through member 104, and the various fluid channel structures. The actuator body 101 is preferably made of a heat-resistant, corrosion-resistant metal material with sufficient mechanical strength, such as stainless steel, alloy steel, or other suitable structural materials.

[0021] The penetrating member 104 is disposed in the central region of the actuator head body 101 and extends along the axial direction of the actuator head. The front end of the penetrating member 104 is provided with a heat-resistant hard tip 303 for forming a controlled access point on the power battery pack casing. The heat-resistant hard tip 303 is preferably conical, frustum-shaped, pyramidal, or other structural forms that facilitate shallow penetration. Its material can be a high-hardness heat-resistant alloy, hard steel, or surface-strengthened metal to improve penetration capability into the power battery pack casing and structural stability under high-temperature conditions.

[0022] A liquid injection channel 105 is provided inside the penetrating member 104, extending axially along the actuator head, for conveying extinguishing media, cooling media, or other functional fluids. The liquid injection channel 105 communicates with the liquid outlet 201 near the front of the heat-resistant rigid tip 303. The liquid outlet 201 is located on the side wall behind the heat-resistant rigid tip 303, preferably with a structure of multiple circumferentially distributed small holes, but it can also be an inclined liquid outlet, a slit-type liquid outlet, or multiple irregularly shaped liquid outlets distributed circumferentially.

[0023] With the above configuration, after the fluid is delivered to the outlet section 201 through the injection channel 105, it is not sprayed directly in front of the heat-resistant hard tip 303, but mainly enters the power battery pack from the side or oblique side. This allows the medium to spread laterally after entering, reducing the positive impact on the internal unstable cells, busbars or other components. At the same time, it is beneficial to cover and cool the area near the hot spot and conduct liquid.

[0024] The abutment guide 102 is disposed on the outer front end of the actuator head body 101 and is used to abut and position itself against the surface of the power battery pack shell when the actuator head approaches it. The abutment guide 102 may adopt a planar abutment structure, a shallow concave abutment structure, a compliant abutment surface structure, or a combination of two or more of the above structures to adapt to the morphology of different power battery pack shell surfaces and improve the abutment head's abutment stability and guiding positioning capability.

[0025] An annular seal 103 is disposed on the inner side or adjacent area of ​​the guide member 102, and is used to form a partial sealing cavity 302 together with the outer surface of the power battery pack after the actuator head is against the outer surface of the power battery pack. The annular seal 103 can be one or more combinations of elastic skirt, expansion sealing ring, inflatable sealing bladder, and heat-resistant elastic sealing ring. Preferably, the annular seal 103 undergoes elastic deformation under axial compression, thereby forming a circumferential seal between the front end of the actuator head and the outer surface of the power battery pack.

[0026] The local sealing cavity 302 is located inside the area of ​​the front end of the actuator head, within a local space enclosed by the outer periphery of the penetrating component 104, the inner side of the guide component 102, the annular seal 103, and the surface of the power battery pack outer shell. This local sealing cavity 302 is used to locally contain the high-temperature flue gas, steam, and backflow liquid mixture generated during the breakthrough and injection process, so as to reduce their direct escape into the external environment.

[0027] A depth-limiting portion 301 is provided on the abutment guide 102. The depth-limiting portion 301 is located in the middle or near the front of the abutment guide 102, and is used to form a limiting engagement with the surface of the power battery pack outer shell after the penetrating member 104 has advanced and penetrated the outer shell, thereby limiting the further penetration of the penetrating member 104. The depth-limiting portion 301 enables controlled shallow penetration into the outer shell, reducing the risk of damage to unstable cells, electrical connection components, or other structures inside the power battery pack.

[0028] The exhaust recovery channel 106 is located in the actuator head body 101 and is connected to the local sealing cavity 302 through a connecting hole 304 located in the front end region of the actuator head. The exhaust recovery channel 106 extends towards the rear end of the actuator head to form a recovery interface 205. The high-temperature gas, steam, flue gas, and return jet liquid mixture generated during the breakthrough and directional injection process can first enter the local sealing cavity 302, then enter the exhaust recovery channel 106 through the connecting hole 304, and be discharged through the recovery interface 205 for subsequent connection to a negative pressure suction unit, flame arrester, gas-liquid separation device, or adsorption unit for processing.

[0029] The protective fluid channel 107 is located around the actuator head body 101 and communicates with the protective fluid nozzle 204 located in the vicinity of the actuator head front end. It is used to transport the peripheral protective fluid to the protective fluid nozzle 204 and spray it out to the periphery of the actuator head front end, thereby forming a protective fluid curtain. Through the above arrangement, the functions of fluid guiding, exhaust recovery and peripheral protection can be integrated within a limited structural space.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, during the operation of the actuator, the heat-resistant hard tip 303 penetrating the front end of the component 104 first completes shallow penetration into the locally sealed cavity 302 formed by the guide member 102, the annular seal member 103, and the outer surface of the power battery pack. The extinguishing medium descends through the injection channel 105 and is laterally discharged from the outlet 201, forming directional injection and lateral spreading flow inside the power battery pack 203. At the same time, the mixture of smoke, steam, and return jet liquid generated at the moment of breakthrough and during the injection process enters the locally sealed cavity 302, and enters the exhaust recovery channel 106 through the connecting hole 304, and is then discharged through the recovery interface 205.

[0031] Figure 2In the diagram, 107 represents the ejector channel, 202 represents the ejector medium inlet, and 204 represents the ejector nozzle. The peripheral protective fluid can enter the ejector channel 107 through the ejector medium inlet 202, and then be transported along the ejector channel 107 to the ejector nozzle 204 before being ejected, forming a circumferential or partial ejector fluid curtain around the front end of the actuator head to reduce the temperature rise in the front end area and suppress the escape of flue gas.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the actuator head's front end. A depth-limiting section 301 is located near the front end of the guide member 102, and an annular seal 103 is located inside the guide member 102. When the actuator head is against the surface of the power battery pack 203's outer casing, the annular seal 103 and the outer casing surface together form a partially sealed cavity 302. A heat-resistant hard tip 303 is located at the front end of the penetrating member 104, and multiple liquid outlets 201 are provided on the rear sidewall of the tip to guide liquid towards the inside of the pack after controlled shallow penetration. The partially sealed cavity 302 is connected to the exhaust recovery channel 106 through a connecting hole 304, allowing the mixture of flue gas, steam, and return jet liquid generated during the breakthrough and injection processes to enter the exhaust recovery channel 106 from the partially sealed cavity 302.

[0033] In one preferred embodiment, the liquid outlet 201 can be evenly distributed along the circumference to obtain a more balanced circumferential spreading effect; in another preferred embodiment, the liquid outlet 201 can also be non-uniformly distributed along the circumference, or set as an inclined hole or a slit hole, so as to achieve biased liquid guiding according to the internal structural distribution characteristics of the power battery pack.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the annular seal 103 can be replaced with a replaceable installation structure, which facilitates replacement and maintenance after high-temperature treatment or multiple operations; the exhaust recovery channel 106 can be connected to one or more of a flame arrester, gas-liquid separator, adsorption unit or negative pressure suction device through the recovery interface 205 to improve recovery safety; the protective jet channel 107 can be connected to a low-pressure water curtain branch or other protective jet branch through the protective jet medium inlet 202, and forms an outer protective fluid curtain through the protective jet nozzle 204.

[0035] In another preferred embodiment, the actuator head may also be equipped with a locking mechanism to maintain the relative position stability between the actuator head body 101 and the power battery pack casing after the penetration member 104 has been breached, preventing displacement, loosening, or rebound during the filling and recycling process. The actuator head may also be equipped with a sensing interface or sensing components to acquire one or more of the following information: breach confirmation, back pressure, temperature, thermal image, combustible gas, vapor concentration, or actuation posture, and to link with an external control system.

[0036] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent substitutions or modifications without departing from the spirit and substance of the present invention, and all such equivalent substitutions or modifications should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A depth-limited sealed coupling type fire extinguishing actuator for a power battery pack, characterized in that, This includes the actuator body, the guide component, the annular seal, the penetrating component, the injection channel, the exhaust recovery channel, and the ejection channel; The abutting guide is disposed on the outer side of the front end of the actuator body and is used to abut and position itself against the surface of the power battery pack shell. The annular seal is disposed on the inner side or adjacent area of ​​the abutment guide, and is used to form a local sealed cavity together with the surface of the power battery pack shell after the actuator head abuts against the surface of the power battery pack shell. The through-through member is disposed in the central region of the execution head body along the axial direction of the execution head body, and the front end of the through-through member extends at least partially beyond the front end of the execution head body or the front end of the abutment guide. The front end of the through-through member is provided with a heat-resistant hard tip, and the liquid injection channel is provided inside the through-through member. The liquid injection channel is connected to the liquid outlet disposed on the rear side wall of the heat-resistant hard tip at the front part near the front part of the heat-resistant hard tip. The abutting guide is provided with a depth limiting part, which is located in the middle, front or front end adjacent area of ​​the abutting guide. It is used to form a limiting cooperation with the surface of the power battery pack shell, the outer reference surface of the shell or the front reference surface of the actuator after the penetrating member penetrates the power battery pack shell, so as to limit the penetrating member from going deeper. The exhaust recovery channel is connected to the local sealed cavity through a connecting hole located in the front end region of the actuator head, and extends to the rear end of the actuator head body to form a recovery interface; The ejector channel extends along the periphery of the execution head body, the ejector channel has an ejector medium inlet, and one or more ejector nozzles are provided in the area adjacent to the front end of the execution head.

2. The fire extinguishing actuator for a depth-limited sealed coupling power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid outlet is one or more of the following: a side liquid outlet, an inclined liquid outlet, a circumferentially distributed liquid outlet, or a slit-type liquid outlet.

3. The fire extinguishing actuator for a depth-limited sealed coupling power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actuator head body adopts a layered arrangement structure. The liquid injection channel is located in the central area of ​​the actuator head body. The exhaust recovery channel is located inside the actuator head body and is connected to the local sealed cavity through a connecting hole. The ejector channel is located in the peripheral area of ​​the actuator head body and is connected to the ejector nozzle.

4. The fire extinguishing actuator for a depth-limited sealed coupling power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The abutting guide is one or more combinations of a planar abutting structure, a shallow concave abutting structure, and a compliant abutting surface structure that are adapted to the outer shell of the power battery pack.

5. The fire extinguishing actuator for a depth-limited sealed coupling power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular seal is one or more of the following: an elastic skirt, an inflatable sealing bladder, an expansion sealing ring, and a heat-resistant elastic sealing ring.

6. The fire extinguishing actuator for a depth-limited sealed coupling power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth limiting part is a depth limiting shoulder, limiting ring, limiting step, or other structure that can form a limiting fit with the surface of the power battery pack shell or the reference surface of the front end of the actuator, located in the middle or near the front of the abutment guide.

7. A depth-limited sealed coupling type power battery pack fire extinguishing actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The liquid outlet section consists of multiple circumferentially distributed liquid outlet holes located on the rear sidewall of the heat-resistant hard tip. The multiple liquid outlet holes are evenly or non-uniformly distributed along the circumference.

8. A depth-limited sealed coupling type power battery pack fire extinguishing actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a locking mechanism for maintaining the relative position between the actuator body and the power battery pack housing after the penetrating member has completed its breakthrough.

9. A depth-limited sealed coupling type power battery pack fire extinguishing actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sensing interface or sensing component for acquiring one or more of the following information: breakthrough confirmation, back pressure, temperature, thermal image, combustible gas, vapor concentration, or execution posture.

10. A depth-limited sealed coupling type power battery pack fire extinguishing actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust recovery channel can be connected to one or more of the following: a flame arrester, a gas-liquid separator, an adsorption unit, or a negative pressure suction device.

11. A depth-limited sealed coupling type power battery pack fire extinguishing actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective spray channel can be connected to a low-pressure water curtain branch or other protective spray branch.

12. A depth-limited sealed coupling type power battery pack fire extinguishing actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The local sealing cavity is located inside the front end contact area of ​​the actuator head, within the local space enclosed by the outer periphery of the through member, the inner side of the contact guide member, the annular seal member, and the outer surface of the power battery pack.

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