Intelligent fire extinguishing device for thermal runaway of lithium battery

Abstract

The application discloses an intelligent fire extinguishing device for lithium battery thermal runaway, and belongs to the technical field of lithium battery safety protection and fire extinguishing. The device comprises a shell, the upper surface of the shell is fixedly connected with a top cover, the inner side walls of the top cover are symmetrically provided with sliding grooves, the sliding grooves are all slidably connected with sliding blocks, the upper surfaces of the sliding blocks are all provided with threaded holes, and the inner lower surfaces of the sliding grooves are rotatably connected with threaded rods. The motor drives the rotating disc to rotate, the sliding cavity is horizontally reciprocatingly translated through the hole transmission rod and the rotating rod, the precise meshing of the tooth blocks and the top gears is relied on to drive the transmission gear to alternately rotate in forward and reverse directions, and then the threaded transmission of the gears, the threaded rods and the sliding blocks is relied on to drive the cooling mechanism to move up and down as a whole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to lithium battery safety protection and fire extinguishing technology, and more particularly to an intelligent fire extinguishing device for lithium battery thermal runaway. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid popularization of new energy storage, electric vehicles, and lithium battery supporting equipment, lithium batteries, with their advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, and excellent cost performance, are widely used in various power storage and power supply scenarios. However, lithium batteries themselves have significant safety hazards. Under fault conditions such as overcharging, short circuits, high temperatures, and compression, they are prone to thermal runaway, releasing large amounts of heat and flammable gases in a short period of time, causing fires and explosions. Furthermore, the heat spreads rapidly and has a high reignition rate, making it difficult to effectively control using conventional fire extinguishing methods. This can easily lead to equipment damage, property loss, and even personal injury, severely restricting the safe and stable operation of lithium battery equipment. Currently, lithium battery fire extinguishing devices on the market have relatively simple structural designs, mostly adopting a fixed-point spraying mode. The spraying range is fixed, with extremely poor flexibility, making it impossible to adapt to the thermal runaway ignition locations of different specifications of lithium batteries. This easily creates fire extinguishing blind spots, resulting in the inability to completely contain thermal runaway and leading to reignition and heat spread. At the same time, the transmission structure of traditional fire extinguishing devices lacks stability and is prone to malfunctions such as tooth dislodgement, jamming, and displacement after long-term operation, causing the fire extinguishing mechanism to malfunction and significantly reducing the reliability of fire extinguishing operations. Furthermore, existing equipment mostly uses a single-point spray structure, which can only extinguish and cool a single area, failing to address both the core heat source of the lithium battery and the surrounding heated areas. This results in low cooling and extinguishing efficiency and difficulty in quickly suppressing the rapid spread of thermal runaway in lithium batteries. To address these shortcomings of existing technologies, there is an urgent need for a stable transmission, no blind spots, and full-area coverage intelligent fire extinguishing device for lithium battery thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of fire prevention and control for lithium battery equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of existing lithium battery fire extinguishing devices that use a fixed spray structure, resulting in blind spots and limited coverage. Another purpose of this invention is to improve the shortcomings of traditional lithium battery fire extinguishing devices, such as a single fire extinguishing mode, low cooling and fire extinguishing efficiency, and inability to quickly contain the spread of thermal runaway.

[0004] Technical solution: An intelligent fire extinguishing device for lithium battery thermal runaway includes a housing, a top cover fixedly connected to the upper surface of the housing, symmetrically provided grooves on the inner sidewall of the top cover, sliders slidably connected inside each groove, threaded holes provided on the upper surface of each slider, and a threaded rod rotatably connected to the lower inner surface of each groove.

[0005] Furthermore, the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the threaded hole, the top end of the threaded rod extends to the top of the top cover and is fixedly connected to a gear, two adjacent sliders are fixedly connected to the cooling mechanism, the cooling mechanism includes a liquid storage chamber, and the outer wall of the liquid storage chamber is fixedly connected to a plurality of spray heads.

[0006] Furthermore, a transmission gear is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the housing, and the transmission gear meshes with two gears. A perforated block is symmetrically fixedly connected to the right side of the upper surface of the top cover. A sliding rod is slidably connected inside each perforated block. A top gear is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the transmission gear. A sliding cavity is provided on the outer side wall of the top gear. A toothed block is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the sliding cavity, and the toothed block meshes with the top gear. Fixed blocks are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sliding cavity, and each fixed block is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod. A motor is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top cover. A turntable is fixedly connected to the top of the motor's output end. A perforated transmission rod is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the turntable. A rotating rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sliding cavity. The perforated transmission rod is rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the rotating rod. A liquid storage cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the transmission gear. The bottom end of the liquid storage cylinder extends into the interior of the top cover and is fixedly connected to a liquid outlet.

[0007] Furthermore, the liquid storage chamber has a hollow structure, and the inner cavity of the liquid storage chamber is a sealed liquid storage cavity. Multiple spray heads are distributed in an equidistant array on the arc-shaped sidewall of the liquid storage chamber. All spray heads are tilted towards the lithium battery installation area inside the shell, which can realize multi-angle full-coverage fire extinguishing and cooling operations.

[0008] Furthermore, the sliding gap between the slide rod and the perforated block is set as a precision fit structure. The slide rod can slide horizontally and linearly back and forth along the inside of the perforated block. The fixed block limits and guides the sliding cavity, restricting the movement trajectory of the sliding cavity, ensuring that the tooth block and the top gear always maintain a precise meshing state, and avoiding transmission tooth slippage and jamming.

[0009] Furthermore, the turntable, the perforated transmission rod, and the rotating rod constitute a crank-connecting rod transmission structure. When the motor drives the turntable to rotate, the perforated transmission rod can push and pull the rotating rod, causing the sliding cavity to perform reciprocating translational motion, and then drive the transmission gear to rotate alternately in forward and reverse directions through meshing transmission.

[0010] Furthermore, the liquid storage cylinder is a vertical columnar liquid storage structure, and the liquid outlet head is set directly in front of the central area inside the shell, which can work with the spray head on the side wall of the liquid storage cavity to form an internal and external linkage, multi-point synchronous fire extinguishing and cooling structure.

[0011] Beneficial Effects: The motor drives the turntable to rotate, which in turn drives the sliding cavity to move horizontally back and forth via a perforated transmission rod and a rotating rod. The precise meshing of the toothed block and the top gear drives the transmission gear to rotate alternately in both directions. Through the threaded transmission of the gears, threaded rod, and slider, the cooling mechanism moves up and down. Simultaneously, the sliding rod and the perforated block employ a precision-fitting sliding structure, accurately limiting the movement trajectory of the sliding cavity and ensuring precise meshing of the transmission structure, preventing gear slippage and jamming. Combined with the equidistant array of inclined spray heads on the arc-shaped sidewall of the liquid storage chamber, it can follow the dynamic movement of the mechanism to complete multi-angle, large-area circumferential spraying, completely covering all installation areas of the lithium battery. This eliminates blind spots in traditional fire suppression equipment, effectively avoiding problems such as thermal runaway residue and battery reignition, significantly improving the comprehensiveness of fire suppression operations. This device, through its unique crank-connecting rod and gear meshing transmission structure, achieves the dynamic up-and-down reciprocating displacement of the cooling mechanism, completely overturning the fixed-point spraying operation mode of traditional lithium battery fire suppression devices.

[0012] The liquid reservoir at the bottom of the transmission gear rotates synchronously, with the liquid outlet at the bottom always facing the core area inside the lithium battery. This allows for precise targeting of the core heat source causing the battery to overheat and ignite, rapidly spraying the extinguishing medium to suppress the source of thermal runaway immediately. Simultaneously, the sealed liquid reservoir stably delivers the extinguishing medium, forming a surrounding cooling and fire suppression coverage through multiple sets of tilted spray heads. The internal and external structures work together to achieve simultaneous cooling at multiple points. This structure can quickly remove the extremely high temperatures generated by thermal runaway in lithium batteries, rapidly extinguishing flames and blocking the lateral and longitudinal spread of heat. It fundamentally curbs the continued spread of thermal runaway, solving the problems of slow cooling, poor fire control, and inability to block heat spread in traditional devices. This significantly improves the safety and stability of lithium battery equipment operation. This device innovatively adopts a dual-mode fire suppression structure combining central fixed-point spraying and external dynamic surrounding spraying, greatly improving the efficiency of extinguishing and cooling lithium battery thermal runaway fires. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the sliding cavity of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the top cover of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid outlet head of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling mechanism of the present invention.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Shell; 2. Top cover; 3. Slide groove; 4. Slider; 5. Threaded hole; 6. Threaded rod; 7. Gear; 8. Cooling mechanism; 9. Liquid storage chamber; 10. Spray head; 11. Transmission gear; 12. Perforated block; 13. Slide rod; 14. Top gear; 15. Slide cavity; 16. Gear block; 17. Fixing block; 18. Motor; 19. Turntable; 20. Perforated transmission rod; 21. Rotating rod; 22. Liquid storage cylinder; 23. Liquid outlet head. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] Example like Figure 1-5As shown, an intelligent fire extinguishing device for lithium battery thermal runaway is provided, including a housing 1. A top cover 2 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the housing 1. The inner sidewall of the top cover 2 is symmetrically provided with sliding grooves 3. Sliding blocks 4 are slidably connected inside each sliding groove 3. Threaded holes 5 are provided on the upper surface of each sliding block 4. Threaded rods 6 are rotatably connected to the lower inner surface of the sliding groove 3. The threaded rods 6 are threadedly connected to the threaded holes 5. The top end of the threaded rods 6 extends above the top cover 2 and is fixedly connected to a gear 7. A cooling mechanism 8 is fixedly connected to two adjacent sliding blocks 4. The cooling mechanism 8 includes a liquid storage chamber 9. Multiple spray heads 10 are fixedly connected to the outer sidewall of the liquid storage chamber 9. A transmission gear 11 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the housing 1. Gear 11 meshes with two gears 7. A perforated block 12 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the right side of the upper surface of the top cover 2. A sliding rod 13 is slidably connected inside each perforated block 12. A top gear 14 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the transmission gear 11. A sliding cavity 15 is provided on the outer wall of the top gear 14. A toothed block 16 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity 15, meshing with the top gear 14. Fixing blocks 17 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding cavity 15, each fixedly connected to the end of a sliding rod 13. A motor 18 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top cover 2. A turntable 19 is fixedly connected to the top of the output end of the motor 18. A perforated transmission rod 20 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the turntable 19. The sliding cavity 15... A rotating rod 21 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the housing 11. A perforated transmission rod 20 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod 21. A liquid storage cylinder 22 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the transmission gear 11. The bottom end of the liquid storage cylinder 22 extends into the interior of the top cover 2 and is fixedly connected to a liquid outlet head 23. The liquid storage chamber 9 is a hollow structure, and the inner cavity of the liquid storage chamber 9 is a sealed liquid storage chamber. Multiple spray heads 10 are distributed in an equidistant array on the arc-shaped side wall of the liquid storage chamber 9. All spray heads 10 are tilted towards the lithium battery installation area inside the housing 1, which can realize multi-angle full-coverage fire extinguishing and cooling operations. The sliding gap between the sliding rod 13 and the perforated block 12 is set as a precision fitting structure. The sliding rod 13 can slide horizontally and linearly back and forth along the interior of the perforated block 12. The sliding cavity 15 is limited and guided by the fixed block 17, which restricts the movement trajectory of the sliding cavity 15 and ensures that the tooth block 16 and the top gear 14 always maintain a precise meshing state, avoiding transmission tooth disengagement and jamming. The turntable 19, the perforated transmission rod 20 and the rotating rod 21 form a crank-connecting rod transmission structure. When the motor 18 drives the turntable 19 to rotate, the perforated transmission rod 20 can push and pull the rotating rod 21 to drive the sliding cavity 15 to perform reciprocating translational motion, and then drive the transmission gear 11 to rotate alternately in forward and reverse directions through meshing transmission. The liquid storage cylinder 22 is a vertical columnar liquid storage structure. The liquid outlet 23 is set directly in front of the central area inside the shell 1, which can cooperate with the spray head 10 on the side wall of the liquid storage cavity 9 to form an internal and external linkage, multi-point synchronous fire extinguishing and cooling structure. After the device is started, the motor 18 first drives the turntable 19 to rotate at a constant speed. Relying on the crank-connecting rod transmission structure composed of the turntable 19, the perforated transmission rod 20, and the rotating rod 21, the rotating rod 21 is continuously pushed and pulled to complete the reciprocating motion. The rotating rod 21 drives the bottom fixed slide cavity 15 to perform a horizontal reciprocating translational motion synchronously. The slide rod 13 slides precisely inside the perforated block 12. The fixed block 17 provides precise limiting and guidance for the slide cavity 15, strictly constraining the movement trajectory of the slide cavity 15, ensuring that the toothed block 16 on the inner wall of the slide cavity 15 always maintains precise meshing with the top gear 14, completely avoiding tooth slippage and jamming during the transmission process. Driven by the reciprocating meshing of the toothed block 16, the top gear 14 drives the lower fixed transmission gear 11 to rotate alternately in both forward and reverse directions. The transmission gear 11 simultaneously meshes with the two gears 7 above the top cover 2, synchronously driving the two threaded rods 6 to rotate inside the slide groove 3. The threaded rod 6 engages with the threaded hole 5 on the surface of the slider 4, driving the two sliders 4 to slide synchronously up and down along the slide groove 3. This eventually drives the cooling mechanism 8 fixed between the two sliders 4 to move up and down to reset. In conjunction with the subsequent liquid spraying structure, dynamic and full-area fire extinguishing and cooling of the lithium battery area inside the shell 1 is achieved, eliminating the blind spot problem of fixed spraying.

[0017] The liquid storage cylinder 22 rotates synchronously with the transmission gear 11. Its bottom end, through the liquid outlet 23 penetrating the top cover 2, is always directly facing the central area of ​​the lithium battery inside the casing 1. It can directly and accurately spray the extinguishing medium onto the core heating and ignition point of the battery, quickly suppressing the core heat source of the lithium battery's thermal runaway. At the same time, the liquid storage chamber 9, as a sealed hollow liquid storage chamber, can stably deliver the extinguishing medium filled inside to multiple spray heads 10 evenly distributed on its arc-shaped sidewall. All spray heads 10 are tilted towards the lithium battery installation area, and together with the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the cooling mechanism 8, a multi-angle, large-area surrounding spray effect is formed. The central fixed-point spray of the liquid outlet head 23 and the surrounding dynamic spray of the spray head 10 form an internal and external linkage, multi-point synchronous cooling and fire extinguishing structure. With the cooperation of the device's transmission structure, it comprehensively covers all heated and ignited areas of the lithium battery, quickly removes the high temperature generated by the battery's thermal runaway, extinguishes the flames, blocks the spread of heat, curbs the spread of lithium battery thermal runaway from the root, improves the comprehensiveness and efficiency of the device's fire extinguishing and cooling, and ensures the safe operation of lithium battery equipment.

[0018] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent fire extinguishing device for lithium battery thermal runaway, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The upper surface of the housing (1) is fixedly connected to a top cover (2). The inner sidewall of the top cover (2) is symmetrically provided with a sliding groove (3). The sliding groove (3) is slidably connected to a slider (4). The upper surface of the slider (4) is provided with a threaded hole (5). The lower surface of the sliding groove (3) is rotatably connected to a threaded rod (6).

2. The intelligent fire extinguishing device for lithium battery thermal runaway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The threaded rod (6) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole (5). The top end of the threaded rod (6) extends above the top cover (2) and is fixedly connected to a gear (7). Two adjacent sliders (4) are fixedly connected to the cooling mechanism (8). The cooling mechanism (8) includes a liquid storage chamber (9). The outer wall of the liquid storage chamber (9) is fixedly connected to a plurality of spray heads (10).

3. The intelligent fire extinguishing device for lithium battery thermal runaway according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transmission gear (11) is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the housing (1). The transmission gear (11) meshes with two gears (7). A perforated block (12) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the right side of the upper surface of the top cover (2). A slide rod (13) is slidably connected inside each of the perforated blocks (12). A top gear (14) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the transmission gear (11). A slide cavity (15) is provided on the outer side wall of the top gear (14). A tooth block (16) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the slide cavity (15). The tooth block (16) meshes with the top gear (14). A fixed rod (13) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the slide cavity (15). Block (17), the fixed block (17) is fixedly connected to the end of the slide rod (13), the upper surface of the top cover (2) is fixedly connected to the motor (18), the top of the output end of the motor (18) is fixedly connected to the turntable (19), the upper surface of the turntable (19) is rotatably connected to the perforated transmission rod (20), the upper surface of the slide cavity (15) is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (21), the perforated transmission rod (20) is rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the rotating rod (21), the lower surface of the transmission gear (11) is fixedly connected to the liquid storage cylinder (22), the bottom end of the liquid storage cylinder (22) penetrates into the interior of the top cover (2), and is fixedly connected to the liquid outlet head (23).

4. The intelligent fire extinguishing device for lithium battery thermal runaway according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid storage chamber (9) is a hollow structure, and the inner cavity of the liquid storage chamber (9) is a sealed liquid storage chamber. Multiple spray heads (10) are distributed in an equidistant array on the arc-shaped sidewall of the liquid storage chamber (9). All spray heads (10) are tilted towards the lithium battery installation area inside the shell (1), which can realize multi-angle full coverage fire extinguishing and cooling operations.

5. The intelligent fire extinguishing device for lithium battery thermal runaway according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sliding gap between the slide rod (13) and the perforated block (12) is set to a precision fit structure. The slide rod (13) can slide horizontally and linearly back and forth along the inside of the perforated block (12). The fixed block (17) limits and guides the sliding cavity (15), restricting the movement trajectory of the sliding cavity (15) and ensuring that the tooth block (16) and the top gear (14) always maintain a precise meshing state, avoiding transmission tooth slippage and jamming.

6. The intelligent fire extinguishing device for lithium battery thermal runaway according to claim 3, characterized in that: The turntable (19), the perforated transmission rod (20), and the rotating rod (21) constitute a crank-connecting rod transmission structure. When the motor (18) drives the turntable (19) to rotate, the perforated transmission rod (20) can push and pull the rotating rod (21), thereby driving the sliding cavity (15) to perform reciprocating translational motion, and then driving the transmission gear (11) to rotate alternately in forward and reverse directions through meshing transmission.

7. The intelligent fire extinguishing device for lithium battery thermal runaway according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid storage cylinder (22) is a vertical columnar liquid storage structure. The liquid outlet (23) is set directly in the central area inside the shell (1). It can cooperate with the spray head (10) on the side wall of the liquid storage chamber (9) to form an internal and external linkage, multi-point synchronous fire extinguishing and cooling structure.

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