Energy storage power station centralized fire-fighting partition linkage control method and system and storage medium

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage power station fire safety control, and discloses a centralized fire-fighting partition linkage control method and system for an energy storage power station and a storage medium, the method comprising: calculating characteristic gas concentration and single cell voltage time derivative to confirm a fire; solving saturated vapor pressure and controlling a valve according to a cross slope to perform pure liquid phase injection; adjusting pulse interval according to temperature change rate, and switching to gas-liquid two-phase delivery flow state when pressure exceeds the limit; extracting effective shared pipe section features, deducting the mass of retained medicament, and performing multi-compartment medicament scheduling; linkage fine water mist device cooling and nitrogen gas line scanning after the fire alarm is eliminated; solving a multi-dimensional safety ventilation permission index and releasing the exhaust locking when the index meets the standard, the system comprising a centralized controller module, a perfluorohexanone storage tank module, a high-pressure nitrogen gas driven bottle group module and a main delivery pipe network module. The present application solves the problems of medicament pipe network retention loss and premature ventilation causing rekindling, and realizes accurate scheduling of cross-compartment medicament and closed-loop monitoring of component state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire safety technology for energy storage power stations, specifically to a centralized fire zone linkage control method, system, and storage medium for energy storage power stations. Background Technology

[0002] As the scale of energy storage power stations continues to expand, centralized fire protection systems are gradually becoming the main solution to ensure the safety of multiple energy storage compartments. Currently, energy storage power stations mostly use volatile media such as perfluorohexanone as the main fire extinguishing agent. In practical applications, the existing fire detection logic is relatively simple and may be affected by environmental fluctuations, resulting in false alarms. When the system is started and the agent is injected into the pipeline, perfluorohexanone undergoes a vaporization phase change in the pipeline at room temperature, leading to pressure imbalance and flow turbulence in the pipeline, making it difficult for the agent to maintain a high-density liquid phase state to reach the fire location.

[0003] When dealing with multi-compartment fires or cross-zone dispatching, the centralized main delivery pipeline network needs to be reused by multiple defense zones. The existing control strategy allocates agents according to a fixed storage capacity and does not take into account the agent retention problem generated inside the pipeline during pressurized operation. Due to ignoring the difference in actual filling rate under gas-liquid two-phase flow, the remote allocation logic lacks dynamic compensation. The actual agent quality delivered to the remote compartment is often lower than the design threshold, resulting in insufficient extinguishing concentration.

[0004] Furthermore, battery thermal runaway has a strong re-ignition characteristic. Existing systems lack continuous intervention methods for deep-seated heat after the initial suppression of a fire. Moreover, the timing of ventilation system activation often depends on a single temperature drop. Prematurely opening ventilation before the fire inside the protected area is completely extinguished can introduce external oxygen and trigger secondary re-ignition. At the same time, under high-pressure drive and frequent opening and closing conditions, the valves of the fire protection system experience mechanical jamming and fatigue wear. Existing technologies lack a closed-loop monitoring mechanism for the physical state of the underlying actuators and the actual quantity of the agent, resulting in a significant risk of system failure when facing multiple consecutive fires. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control method, system, and storage medium for energy storage power stations. This solves the problems of insufficient terminal drug dosage caused by uncompensated pipeline phase change retention losses in existing centralized fire-fighting systems, and system failure or secondary reignition caused by the lack of closed-loop monitoring of component status and quantitative ventilation assessment mechanisms.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The first aspect of this invention provides a centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control method for energy storage power stations, the method comprising the following steps: The time derivative of characteristic gas concentration and individual cell voltage is used to confirm the fire situation. The ambient temperature is obtained to calculate the saturated vapor pressure, and based on the saturated vapor pressure, the nitrogen bypass control valve and the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve are controlled to perform pure liquid phase injection according to a preset cross slope; The pulse interval of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve is adjusted according to the battery temperature change rate, and the flow is switched to gas-liquid two-phase transport when the transport pressure exceeds the limit. Extract the features of the effective shared pipe sections to calculate and deduct the quality of the retained agents, and perform multi-compartment agent scheduling according to the supply priority; When the agent is exhausted or the temperature exceeds the limit, the fine water mist fire extinguishing device is activated to cool down the fire, and the nitrogen bypass control valve is opened to purge the line after the fire alarm is cleared. Calculate the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index. After the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index is continuously lower than the preset threshold and reaches the preset time window, release the exhaust blockage and start ventilation. The reset characteristic current of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve is collected to infer mechanical fatigue and to verify the consumption of the reagent, thereby completing the reagent traceability.

[0007] Preferably, the step of simultaneously calculating the time derivative of characteristic gas concentration and the time derivative of single-cell voltage to confirm the fire status of the target battery pack includes: Establish a reference clock and continuously align the individual cell voltage data with the characteristic gas concentration data within the calculation time window; The finite difference algorithm is used to calculate the instantaneous rate of change of the aligned data in real time, and rolling updates are performed on the time series according to the single sampling period as the sliding step size; The derivative value is compared with the over-limit judgment condition. When the voltage time derivative is less than or equal to the preset negative voltage jump threshold and the concentration time derivative is greater than or equal to the preset positive concentration jump threshold, it is confirmed that the target battery pack is in the initial stage of thermal runaway.

[0008] Furthermore, by using the time derivatives of voltage and gas concentration for synchronous comparison, the risk of false alarms caused by the drift of a single sensor due to environmental interference can be reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of fire identification.

[0009] Preferably, the step of calculating the saturated vapor pressure based on the Antoine equation, controlling the nitrogen bypass control valve and the perfluorohexanone liquid-phase main valve according to the cross slope, and performing the first package-level fixed-point injection in a pure liquid single-phase flow state includes: The ambient temperature data is read, smoothed, and filtered. The saturated vapor pressure is calculated using the Antoine empirical equation, and the minimum build-up pressure is calculated by combining the flow resistance parameters. The high-pressure nitrogen drive cylinder module supplies nitrogen to the nitrogen bypass control valve via the second branch to perform transient pre-pressure build-up. Simultaneously send opening control signals with cross-slope changes to the nitrogen bypass control valve and the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve to keep the cross-sectional area reduction rate and the flow area expansion rate equal at transient moments, and perform the first package-level fixed-point injection in a pure liquid phase single-phase flow state.

[0010] Furthermore, by maintaining the static pressure balance in the pipe through transient pre-pressure build-up and valve cross slope control, the vaporization phase change of the agent in the early stage of the pipeline network is suppressed, so that the agent is delivered to the ignition site in pure liquid form.

[0011] Preferably, the step of adjusting the pulse interval of the perfluorohexanone liquid-phase main valve according to the temperature change rate, and switching to a gas-liquid two-phase transport flow state when the theoretical driving pressure reaches the upper limit of the pressure of the main delivery pipeline module includes: The deviation between the collected temperature value and the safe temperature reference, as well as the instantaneous change slope, are extracted based on the cell temperature time series. The instantaneous demand flow rate is derived using a proportional-derivative control algorithm, and the target opening degree and target pulse interval of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve are calculated in reverse. When the theoretical driving pressure is lower than the pressure limit of the main delivery pipeline module, pure liquid phase pulse delivery is maintained; when the theoretical driving pressure is greater than or equal to the pressure limit of the main delivery pipeline module, the nitrogen bypass control valve and the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve are opened simultaneously to switch to gas-liquid two-phase delivery flow.

[0012] Furthermore, the flow pattern is dynamically switched according to the relationship between the driving pressure and the upper limit of the pipeline pressure. Within the pipeline pressure range, nitrogen is used to drive the formation of a gas-liquid two-phase liquid-carrying flow, thereby improving the ability to deliver the agent to the remote compartment.

[0013] Preferably, the step of extracting the effective shared pipeline segment from the main delivery pipeline module to the second compartment, deducting the residual drug dosage, and performing multi-compartment drug scheduling is as follows: When an alarm signal from the second compartment is received during pressurized operation, the pipe section between the outlet of the perfluorohexanone storage tank module and the branch node of the second compartment that is in a pressurized filling state is marked as an effective shared pipe section. The mass of retained reagent is calculated based on the physical dimensions of the effective shared pipe section and the liquid phase filling rate corresponding to the transport flow pattern. The supplementary release dose is calculated by subtracting the mass of retained medication from the total dose required in the second compartment; the medication supply priority is determined based on the temperature and concentration change rate of each compartment, the opening degree is updated, and the zonal selection valve is controlled to perform scheduling.

[0014] Furthermore, by extracting the characteristics of shared pipe sections and combining them with the liquid phase filling rate, the residual agent loss during the reuse of the main pipeline network is quantified, providing data support for subsequent replenishment and release, and realizing dynamic compensation for cross-compartment agent allocation.

[0015] Preferably, the steps of triggering an external fine water mist fire extinguishing device to perform fallback cooling when the physical reserve of perfluorohexanone is depleted or the temperature continues to exceed the limit, and opening the nitrogen bypass control valve to perform pipeline reset and purging after the fire alarm is cleared include: During the continuous suppression phase, when the physical balance of perfluorohexanone is lower than the minimum dischargeable balance, or when the continuous suppression time reaches the preset time threshold and the internal temperature of the target battery pack is still higher than the preset safety temperature threshold, the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve, zone selection valve and nozzle solenoid valve are closed, and the external fine water mist fire extinguishing device with independent pipeline is activated to perform bottom cooling. When the detector feedback data meets the fire alarm elimination conditions, the fine water mist fire extinguishing device is shut off, the high-pressure nitrogen drive cylinder module is controlled to supply gas to the second branch and the nitrogen bypass control valve is opened separately, and the residual liquid in the pipeline is emptied according to the set purging pressure lower than the upper limit of the pipeline pressure to perform pipeline reset purging.

[0016] Furthermore, when the agent is exhausted or the temperature remains high, the fine water mist system is activated to cool the system and absorb heat to prevent reignition. After the fire is extinguished, nitrogen is supplied separately to purge the pipeline and drain the residual liquid to prevent the residual agent from corroding the pipeline network.

[0017] Preferably, the step of releasing the power-off lockout state of the explosion-proof exhaust fan unit and executing forced ventilation after the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index continuously falls below the preset safety ventilation value threshold and reaches the anti-disturbance time window includes: Extract the static temperature weighting coefficient, combustible gas concentration weighting coefficient, and temperature rise trend penalty constant. Combine these with the smoothed target battery pack temperature, the measured physical concentration of volatile gases in the protected area, and the corresponding instantaneous first-order time derivative to construct a dimensionless multidimensional safety ventilation permit index. Compare the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index with the preset safety ventilation numerical threshold. If the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index rises above the threshold again within the anti-disturbance time window, the explosion-proof exhaust unit will remain in a power-off and locked state and the timer will be restarted. Only when the voltage remains below the threshold and the anti-disturbance time window is reached will the power-off lockout state of the explosion-proof exhaust fan unit be released, and the corresponding air valve be opened to start forced ventilation.

[0018] Furthermore, by combining the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index with the continuous determination of the anti-disturbance time window, the detection fluctuations caused by local thermal convection are filtered out, preventing external oxygen backflow caused by premature ventilation when the fire has not been completely extinguished.

[0019] Preferably, the steps of combining the reset characteristic current to deduce the mechanical fatigue output diagnostic status of the servo valve, and combining the discharge period data to verify the mass of consumed perfluorohexanone to complete the traceability and verification of the remaining dosage include: The system reads the cumulative number of opening and closing cycles of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve, the peak reverse current of the motor during the reset phase, and the reference no-load current to calculate the mechanical offset. This offset is then substituted into a preset mechanical fatigue equation to deduce and calculate the current dimensionless mechanical fatigue. The system outputs a diagnostic status based on the maintenance grading label. The system calculates the perfluorohexanone agent mass consumed in this discharge based on the flow time integral or the time duty cycle integral of the digital pulse width modulation signal acquired from the flow sensor data, and subtracts this from the initial reserve to obtain the remaining agent mass. The remaining agent mass is cross-validated with the physical feedback value from the remaining amount acquisition sensor. If the deviation between the two is within the error threshold, the verified remaining agent mass is written into the agent compensation scheduling logic.

[0020] Furthermore, by utilizing the reset characteristic current and mechanical offset, the mechanical fatigue degree of the valve is deduced, and the remaining agent mass after discharge is calculated, so as to realize the synchronous monitoring of the status of system components and the agent inventory, and provide initial data boundaries for subsequent fire-fighting actions.

[0021] The second aspect of the present invention provides a centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control system for an energy storage power station, the system comprising: a centralized controller module, a perfluorohexanone storage tank module, a high-pressure nitrogen drive cylinder group module, and a main delivery pipeline module; The perfluorohexanone storage tank module is used to store fire extinguishing agents, and is equipped with a perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve at the bottom, which is regulated by the central controller module. The high-pressure nitrogen-driven cylinder module is used to provide the high-pressure driving gas source required by the system. The output is divided into two paths. The first path is used to provide the liquid discharge driving pressure to the perfluorohexanone storage tank module. The second path is used to provide the transient pre-pressure building, liquid-carrying gas for gas-liquid two-phase transportation, and line sweeping gas source for the reset stage to the main delivery pipeline module. The main delivery pipeline module is used to connect the fire extinguishing agent supply end with the battery pack node of the target protection compartment, construct the physical delivery boundary of perfluorohexanone single-phase flow or gas-liquid two-phase flow, and provide pressure and flow sensing feedback and overpressure safety relief protection along the pipeline.

[0022] A third aspect of the present invention provides a storage medium for centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control of an energy storage power station, including a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the linkage control method described in the first aspect.

[0023] This invention provides a method, system, and storage medium for centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control of energy storage power stations. It offers the following advantages: 1. This invention improves the effectiveness of the first wave of agent delivery and the accuracy of fire confirmation. By simultaneously calculating the time derivative of the individual cell voltage and characteristic gas concentration and comparing it with the over-limit conditions, the probability of false alarms caused by environmental interference from a single sensor is reduced. At the same time, in the initial fixed-point injection stage, the Antoine equation is used to solve the saturated vapor pressure. Combined with transient pre-pressure build-up and valve cross slope control, the static pressure balance in the pipe is maintained, which suppresses the vaporization phase change of perfluorohexanone agent in the initial stage of injection into the pipeline network, so that the first wave of agent can reach the fire site in a high-density pure liquid form.

[0024] 2. This invention solves the problems of pipeline loss compensation and limited remote delivery during cross-compartment agent dispatch. During operation, the system dynamically switches the flow state according to the relationship between the driving pressure and the upper limit of the pipeline pressure, and uses nitrogen flow to form a gas-liquid two-phase delivery to improve the delivery efficiency to remote compartments. At the same time, by extracting the characteristics of the effective shared pipeline section under pressurized operation and combining it with the liquid phase filling rate, the agent retention mass generated when the main pipeline is reused is quantified, and the retention amount is deducted from the subsequent required dose for supplementary release, so as to avoid insufficient actual agent dosage allocated to the remote fire extinguishing terminal.

[0025] 3. This invention constructs a closed-loop safety recovery and equipment status monitoring mechanism after fire suppression. The system combines a multi-dimensional safety ventilation permit index and an anti-disturbance time window to determine the timing of ventilation, filters out detection fluctuations caused by local thermal convection within the protected area, and prevents premature ventilation from causing oxygen backflow and reignition. In addition, by collecting the reverse peak current of the motor during the reset phase of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve, the mechanical fatigue degree is extrapolated and cross-validated with the agent consumption calculation, so as to realize synchronous monitoring of the physical status of the underlying execution components and the agent inventory, ensuring the reliability of the system in dealing with multiple consecutive fire alarms. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the data synchronization alignment and fire situation confirmation process of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the minimum pressure build-up calculation and pure liquid single-phase transport process of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the target pulse interval inverse calculation and transport flow state switching of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the deduction of retained agents and the scheduling of agents compensation in multiple compartments according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the linkage fine water mist cooling and pipeline repositioning and sweeping process of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index calculation and forced ventilation process of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the mechanical fatigue deduction and reagent consumption traceability of the present invention. Figure 10 Figure 1 is a comparative evaluation diagram of the system control performance of the present invention and the traditional system. Figure 2 shows the response time of the experimental group and the control group in the fire confirmation and secondary fire alarm agent delivery process. Figure 3 shows the comprehensive performance evaluation comparison of the experimental group and the control group in terms of the number of overpressure gas lock occurrences, secondary flashback rate and agent waste rate.

[0027] Among them, 10 is the centralized controller module; 101 is the clock synchronization trigger submodule; 102 is the physical boundary calculation submodule; 103 is the valve flow pattern control submodule; 104 is the agent compensation scheduling submodule; 105 is the performance evaluation reset submodule; 106 is the valve diagnosis and traceability submodule; 20 is the perfluorohexanone storage tank module; 30 is the high-pressure nitrogen drive cylinder group module; and 40 is the main delivery pipeline module. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] See attached document Figure 1 The present invention provides a centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control system for energy storage power stations. The system includes a centralized controller module 10, a perfluorohexanone storage tank module 20, a high-pressure nitrogen drive cylinder group module 30, and a main delivery pipeline module 40.

[0030] The perfluorohexanone storage tank module 20 is used to centrally store perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent. It is equipped with a residual acquisition sensor and a perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve at the bottom. Under the control of the central controller module 10, the liquid phase agent required for fire extinguishing is supplied to the main delivery pipeline module 40 through the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve. The high-pressure nitrogen-driven cylinder module 30 is used to provide the high-pressure driving gas source required by the system. The main output pipe is divided into two paths after passing through the pressure regulating and pressure reducing device. The first branch is connected to the top of the gas phase space of the perfluorohexanone storage tank module 20 to provide liquid discharge driving pressure. The second branch is provided to the main delivery pipeline module 40 through the configured nitrogen bypass control valve to provide transient pre-pressure building, liquid-carrying gas for gas-liquid two-phase delivery, and line sweeping gas source for the reset stage. The main delivery pipeline module 40 is used to connect the extinguishing agent supply end with the battery pack node of the target protection compartment, construct the physical delivery boundary of perfluorohexanone single-phase flow or gas-liquid two-phase flow, and merge and connect the nitrogen bypass control valve and the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve at the starting point of the main section. It is equipped with one-way check valves, pressure relief protection valves, pressure sensors, flow sensors and ambient temperature sensors along the line, and extends to the pack-level nozzle driven by the area control unit through the zone selection valve and the secondary pipeline network in the compartment. It also provides a residual cleaning and sweeping line interface at the end of the pipeline. The centralized controller module 10 serves as the core control unit of the system. It establishes data links with the battery management unit, cabin detectors, temperature sensors, and space fire extinguishing concentration sensors via an internal communication bus. It also activates the air valves, electrical isolation actuators, explosion-proof exhaust fans, and external fine water mist fire extinguishing devices with independent pipelines. Internally, it is equipped with a reference clock generator, buffer registers, and non-volatile memory. The centralized controller module 10 further includes: The clock synchronization trigger submodule 101 is used to align multi-source heterogeneous data with a reference clock and a buffer register, and to synchronously calculate the first time derivative of the characteristic gas concentration and the single cell voltage based on the finite difference algorithm, so as to confirm the fire and generate the first fire alarm location command. The physical boundary solution submodule 102 is used to solve the physical transport boundary by reading the global pipeline topology map and the fluid dynamics empirical mapping table of the adjacency matrix solidified in the non-volatile memory, and combining the Antoine equation to solve the theoretical value of the saturated vapor pressure at the current ambient temperature. The valve flow pattern control submodule 103 is used to embed a proportional-derivative control unit and a release execution unit. It outputs millisecond-level cross control slope and pulse width modulation signals to drive the servo valve group to perform actions. When the pressure approaches the safe pressure threshold, it performs a flow pattern transition from pure liquid single-phase flow to gas-liquid two-phase liquid-carrying transport flow. The agent compensation scheduling submodule 104 is used to extract the effective shared pipe section in the physical pipeline network and accurately deduct the amount of agent remaining in the pipe when multiple compartments are simultaneously on fire, and dynamically update the opening degree of the partition selection valve to execute the priority drug supply scheduling of multiple compartments. The performance evaluation reset submodule 105 is used to calculate the multidimensional safe ventilation permit index by integrating the measured temperature and residual gas concentration after cooling. After confirming that the multidimensional safe ventilation permit index is continuously lower than the safe value threshold and reaches the anti-disturbance time window, the power-off lockout state of the explosion-proof exhaust fan unit is released to execute forced ventilation. The valve diagnosis and traceability submodule 106 is used to infer the dimensionless mechanical fatigue of the servo valve by collecting the reverse peak current of the servo motor, and to perform drug dosage traceability verification by combining the time duty cycle integral of the digital pulse width modulation signal and the flow data. The verified remaining drug dosage is written into the drug compensation scheduling submodule 104.

[0031] See attached document Figure 2 This invention provides a centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control method for energy storage power stations, the method comprising the following steps: S100, the centralized controller module 10 sets a calculation time window and calculates the time derivative of the characteristic gas concentration collected by the detector and the time derivative of the single cell voltage uploaded by the battery management unit in real time. When the time derivative of the single cell voltage and the time derivative of the characteristic gas concentration simultaneously meet the preset jump threshold, it is confirmed that the target battery pack has experienced thermal runaway and primary gas generation. Based on this, the centralized controller module 10 locates the fire alarm location in combination with the sensor type, generates the first fire alarm location command, and activates the fire linkage control program of the target compartment. After receiving the fire alarm location command, the centralized controller module 10 in S200 will perform electrical isolation and air valve closure of the target compartment. The centralized controller module 10 will retrieve the dynamic flow resistance parameters of the pipeline topology and calculate the saturated vapor pressure of perfluorohexanone based on the Antoine equation in combination with the real-time ambient temperature. At the beginning of the delivery, the centralized controller module 10 will control the high-pressure nitrogen drive cylinder group module 30 to supply gas to the nitrogen bypass control valve through the second branch, and will give priority to opening the nitrogen bypass control valve to perform transient pre-pressure building of the pipeline.

[0032] Once the end pressure meets the set conditions, the nitrogen bypass control valve is gradually closed and the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve is opened according to the preset cross slope. At the same time, the high-pressure nitrogen-driven cylinder module 30 provides driving pressure to the gas phase space of the perfluorohexanone storage tank module 20 through the first branch, so that the perfluorohexanone liquid phase agent enters the main delivery pipeline module 40 through the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve. The closed-loop constraint of the static pressure in the pipe is used to perform the first package-level fixed-point injection in a pure liquid phase single-phase flow state. After the initial injection of S300, the centralized controller module 10 dynamically adjusts the pulse opening and closing interval of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve according to the temperature change rate of the target battery pack. If the pulse shortening causes the required theoretical driving pressure to exceed the pressure limit of the pipeline network, the flow pattern transition control is triggered: the nitrogen bypass control valve and the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve are opened simultaneously, so that the nitrogen output from the high-pressure nitrogen drive bottle module 30 enters the main delivery pipeline module 40 through the nitrogen bypass control valve, and forms a gas-liquid two-phase liquid-carrying delivery flow with the perfluorohexanone liquid phase agent, ensuring sufficient agent delivery under the safety premise of constraining the pipeline pressure; after the temperature rise and pressure drop back to within the safety threshold, it smoothly returns to the pure liquid phase pulse delivery mode. S400, if the second compartment alarm is triggered during the pressurized operation of the pipeline, the centralized controller module 10 starts the agent redundancy allocation program, extracts the effective shared pipe section between the perfluorohexanone storage tank module 20 and the branch node of the second compartment, calculates and deducts the mass of the agent remaining in the pipe section, and obtains the actual amount of agent to be released in the second compartment. Then, based on the temperature rise rate, gas concentration and remaining agent dosage of each compartment, the drug supply priority is determined, the opening degree and opening sequence of the servo valve group are dynamically updated, and the agent scheduling of multi-compartment coordination is performed. S500, when the physical balance of perfluorohexanone is exhausted, or when the target battery pack temperature is still exceeded after the preset time of continuous suppression, the central controller module 10 closes the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve, the zone selection valve corresponding to the target compartment, and the nozzle solenoid valve, and maintains the electrical isolation state of the target compartment and the closed state of the air valve. The external fine water mist fire extinguishing device of the linkage independent pipeline performs bottom cooling. After all fire alarm indicators are eliminated, the central controller module 10 controls the high-pressure nitrogen drive cylinder group module 30 to supply gas to the second branch and opens the nitrogen bypass control valve separately. Under the purging pressure lower than the upper limit of the pipeline pressure, the residual liquid in the pipeline is emptied through the target compartment or the residual discharge interface to complete the preparation for line purging and reset.

[0033] After the fire alarm is extinguished and the pipeline is cleaned up (S600), the centralized controller module 10 integrates the real-time temperature of the target battery pack, the rate of temperature rise, and the concentration of characteristic gases in the cabin to construct a dimensionless multidimensional safety ventilation permit index. Only when the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index is continuously less than the safety ventilation value threshold and reaches the anti-disturbance time window, the centralized controller module 10 determines that the ventilation reset condition is met, releases the power-off lockout state of the explosion-proof exhaust fan unit, opens the corresponding air valve, and starts the explosion-proof exhaust fan unit to perform forced ventilation; if the condition is not met, the explosion-proof exhaust fan unit is kept locked and the air valve is closed to prevent backfire until the gas and temperature in the cabin stabilize within a safe range.

[0034] S700, after system reset, the centralized controller module 10 extracts the cumulative number of opening and closing times and reset characteristic current of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve, substitutes them into the mechanical fatigue equation to deduce the current dimensionless mechanical fatigue, matches the maintenance tag and outputs the diagnostic status. At the same time, combined with the data of pipe pressure drop, flow rate and valve duty cycle during the discharge period, it substitutes them into the agent traceability formula to calculate the agent consumption and theoretical remaining agent mass. After cross-verification with the physical feedback value of the sensor, the approved remaining data is written into the agent compensation scheduling submodule 104 to provide the initial data boundary for the secondary fire alarm scheduling.

[0035] See attached document Figure 3 In specific implementations, step S100 provided by the present invention may include the following sub-steps: S101, the centralized controller module 10 establishes a reference clock through the internal clock synchronization trigger submodule 101, and continuously performs alignment operations on the data sequences periodically uploaded by the battery management unit and the detector within the set calculation time window; the calculation time window can be configured to a fixed value in the range of 100ms to 500ms according to the underlying hardware performance, and the time alignment operation of multi-source heterogeneous data under the reference clock can be achieved according to the existing timestamp matching algorithm; the centralized controller module 10 stores the time-aligned single cell voltage data and characteristic gas concentration data into the internal buffer register in sequence to maintain the hot standby state of some characteristic data.

[0036] S102, in the early stages of battery thermal runaway, internal physical structural damage and irreversible chemical reactions intensify. Macroscopically, this manifests as a sudden deterioration in electrical parameters between the plates and the continuous release of abnormal gases from side reactions. The entire physical state exhibits a nonlinear and drastic change trend within an extremely short timescale. The clock synchronization trigger submodule 101 extracts time-series data points from the buffer register and, combined with the previously set calculation time window length, uses a finite difference algorithm to calculate the instantaneous change rates of voltage and concentration parameters in real time. Simultaneously, the algorithm follows a first-in-first-out logic, using a single sampling period as the sliding step size to perform rolling updates on the time series. The specific parameter derivation formulas in the discrete time domain are shown below: ; In the formula: The measured physical voltage of a single cell in the battery pack; This refers to the minute component of the measured physical voltage of a single cell in the battery pack. For physical time parameters; This is a differential component of physical time; The first-order time derivative of the measured physical voltage of a single cell in the battery pack. The measured physical voltage of a single battery cell at the current time point; The measured physical voltage of a single battery cell at the previous time point; The sampling time step is set for the system hardware, and the value range is set to 10 to 50 ms.

[0037] ; In the formula: The measured physical concentration of volatile gases in the protected area; For physical time parameters; The first time derivative of the measured physical concentration of volatile gases in the defense zone; The measured physical concentration of volatile gases in the defense zone at the current time point; The measured physical concentration of volatile gases in the defense zone at the previous time point; The sampling time step is set for the system hardware, and the value range is set to 10 to 50 ms.

[0038] S103, the clock synchronization trigger submodule 101 compares the two calculated derivative values ​​with the pre-stored over-limit judgment conditions synchronously. The over-limit judgment conditions specifically include the voltage negative jump threshold and the concentration positive jump threshold. The voltage negative jump threshold is calibrated based on the maximum voltage drop slope of the same batch of healthy cells under full-load discharge conditions plus a safety margin of 10% to 20%. The concentration positive jump threshold is set based on the normal environmental fluctuation extreme value of the background environment gas in the prefabricated cabin. When an early micro-short circuit occurs in the cell, the leakage current between the plates causes a slight drop in the terminal voltage. The gas produced by the side reaction breaks through the explosion-proof valve, causing the external detection concentration to rise. When it is confirmed that the voltage time derivative is less than or equal to the voltage negative jump threshold and the concentration time derivative is greater than or equal to the concentration positive jump threshold, the logic determines that the specific battery pack in the corresponding energy storage prefabricated compartment is in the initial stage of thermal runaway.

[0039] S104 After confirming the fire status, the clock synchronization trigger submodule 101 generates the first fire alarm positioning command containing the physical coordinate information of specific nodes. The centralized controller module 10 sends the first fire alarm positioning command to the physical boundary calculation submodule 102 through the internal communication bus. After receiving the command, the physical boundary calculation submodule 102 directly enters the pipeline fluid boundary calculation and servo valve linkage program. When the system detects continuous data packet loss or bus communication link interruption in the battery management unit due to interference from the external operating environment, the clock synchronization trigger submodule 101 automatically bypasses the logic judgment branch based on voltage parameters and generates a fire alarm location command using a single degradation judgment logic where the concentration time derivative is greater than or equal to the concentration positive jump threshold. When the detector is a multi-channel sampling gas detector, the fire alarm location command corresponds to the abnormal sampling channel; when the detector is a cabin-level gas detector, the fire alarm location command corresponds to the abnormal energy storage prefabricated cabin.

[0040] See attached document Figure 4 In specific implementations, step S200 provided by the present invention may include the following sub-steps: S201, the physical boundary calculation submodule 102 receives the physical coordinate information of specific nodes contained in the first fire alarm positioning command. The non-volatile memory inside the central controller module 10 stores a global pipeline topology diagram represented in the adjacency matrix data format. When the first fire alarm positioning command is a packet-level positioning command, the physical boundary calculation submodule 102 uses the packet-level nozzle of the corresponding battery pack as the target node. When the initial fire alarm positioning command is a cabin-level positioning command, the physical boundary calculation submodule 102 takes the corresponding energy storage prefabricated cabin inlet node or the cabin secondary pipeline inlet node as the target node. The physical boundary calculation submodule 102 calls the adjacency matrix to calculate the shortest physical pipeline length from the centralized fire extinguishing agent storage tank to the target node. The centralized controller module 10 has a pre-set fluid dynamics friction resistance empirical mapping table covering nominal diameter data of 15 to 50 mm pipes. The physical boundary calculation submodule 102 combines the pipe diameter information associated with the shortest physical pipeline length with the inner wall roughness query mapping table to obtain the friction resistance parameters.

[0041] S202, ambient temperature has a direct impact on the physical phase evolution of perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent maintains a single-phase liquid filling mode in a complex pipeline network, exhibiting the optimal physical transport rate and the most stable mass flow characteristics. The physical boundary calculation submodule 102 reads the real-time ambient temperature data periodically collected by the ambient temperature sensor 68 and performs data smoothing and filtering processing in conjunction with the underlying reference clock established by the clock synchronization trigger submodule 101. Subsequently, the theoretical value of the saturated vapor pressure of perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent at the current ambient temperature was calculated using the Antoine empirical equation. For perfluorohexanone media within the engineering operating temperature range of this embodiment, those skilled in the art can obtain a series of specific constant parameters required by the Antoine empirical equation. The specific saturated vapor pressure calculation formula is as follows: ; In the formula: This is the saturated vapor pressure of perfluorohexanone. The first property constant of the Antoine equation for perfluorohexanone is defined as 4.0 to 4.5. The second property constant of the Antoine equation for perfluorohexanone is defined as having a value range of 1100 to 1200 K. The absolute physical temperature of perfluorohexanone; It is the third property constant of the Antoine equation for perfluorohexanone, and its value range is specified as -60 to -40 K.

[0042] S203, the physical boundary calculation submodule 102 calculates the minimum pressure build-up value required for the target transportation path based on the saturated vapor pressure of perfluorohexanone, the set safety margin, the pressure drop along the target transportation path, and the local resistance loss. The centralized controller module 10 compares the minimum pressure build-up value with the pressure limit of the main transportation pipeline module 40. When the minimum pressure build-up value is lower than the pressure limit of the main transportation pipeline module 40, it enters pure liquid phase single-phase transportation control. When the minimum pressure build-up value is close to or exceeds the pressure limit of the main transportation pipeline module 40, it generates a flow pattern transition preparation signal.

[0043] S204, the centralized controller module 10 sends a transient pre-pressure control command to trigger the servo valve group to perform actions. The high-pressure nitrogen drive cylinder group module 30 provides a pre-pressure source to the nitrogen bypass control valve through the second branch, and provides liquid discharge drive pressure to the gas phase space of the perfluorohexanone storage tank module 20 through the first branch. The centralized controller module 10 sends a linearly decreasing opening control signal to the nitrogen bypass control valve, and simultaneously sends a linearly increasing opening control signal to the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve. The operating slopes of the nitrogen bypass control valve and the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve form a cross-complementary relationship on the time axis. The specific value range of the cross slope corresponding to the cross-complementary relationship is configured as an opening change of 0.1% / ms to 0.5% / ms. Based on the cross-opening control mode, the flow area reduction rate of the nitrogen bypass control valve and the flow area expansion rate of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve are kept equal at any transient moment. This ensures that the liquid filling and replacement process of the entire pipeline satisfies the fluid continuity equation constraint conditions in fluid mechanics, and objectively controls the nucleation and growth physical boundary of cavitation bubbles inside the pipeline.

[0044] See attached document Figure 5 In specific implementations, step S300 provided by the present invention may include the following sub-steps: S301, the centralized controller module 10 continuously monitors the real-time pipe pressure data uploaded by the pressure sensor sequence distributed at the end of the pipeline network. The pressure build-up physical threshold is set according to the physical atomization boundary requirements of the average diameter of the perfluorohexanone nozzle droplets, and is calibrated to a value in the range of 1.5 MPa to 2.5 MPa. When the centralized controller module 10 detects that the absolute pressure at the nozzle front end corresponding to the physical coordinate information of a specific node exceeds the set pressure build-up physical threshold, the release execution unit in the valve flow pattern control submodule 103 inside the centralized controller module 10 generates a release action command to open the solenoid valve of the nozzle corresponding to the physical coordinate information of the specific node. The release execution unit in the valve flow pattern control submodule 103 sends the release action command to the area control unit corresponding to the target protection area, and the area control unit drives the solenoid valve group to fully open and output the extinguishing agent.

[0045] S302, the centralized controller module 10 has a pre-installed proportional-derivative control algorithm module. The proportional-derivative control algorithm module dynamically calculates the instantaneous demand flow rate of the fire extinguishing agent based on the cell temperature time series uploaded by the battery management unit. The nonlinear rise of the cell temperature reflects the intensity of the heat released by thermal runaway. The proportional-derivative control algorithm module extracts the deviation between the current temperature value and the preset safe temperature benchmark, as well as the instantaneous slope of the temperature change over time. The proportional term within the proportional-derivative algorithm responds to the steady-state heat absorption demand, while the derivative term addresses sudden temperature rise shocks. The centralized controller module 10 adjusts the compensation flow area of ​​the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve in real time based on the deviation between the current collected temperature value and the preset safe temperature benchmark, as well as the instantaneous slope of temperature change over time. The proportional-derivative control algorithm module uses the mass flow rate demand calculation formula to deduce the instantaneous demand flow rate, and the specific mathematical expressions it relies on are shown below: ; In the formula: This is the required flow rate of extinguishing agents calculated at the underlying level; The gain constant is set to a proportional control value, and its range is configured to be 0.5 to 2.5. The measured absolute physical temperature of the battery pack at the current moment; The system has a fixed safety reference temperature threshold, and the range of values ​​is calibrated to be 40 to 60°C. The differential control gain constant is configured with a value range of 0.1 to 0.8. For physical time parameters; This is the first-order time derivative of the measured absolute physical temperature of the battery pack at the current moment with respect to the physical time parameter.

[0046] S303, the valve flow pattern control submodule 103 calculates the instantaneous required flow rate of the extinguishing agent based on the proportional-derivative control algorithm module, and back-calculates the target opening degree and target pulse interval of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve. When the theoretical driving pressure corresponding to the target opening degree and target pulse interval is lower than the pressure limit of the main delivery pipeline module 40, the centralized controller module 10 maintains pure liquid phase pulse delivery. When the theoretical driving pressure is greater than or equal to the pressure limit of the main delivery pipeline module 40, the centralized controller module 10 triggers the flow pattern transition control unit, and simultaneously opens the nitrogen bypass control valve and the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve, so that the nitrogen output from the high-pressure nitrogen drive cylinder module 30 enters the main delivery pipeline module 40 through the nitrogen bypass control valve, and forms a gas-liquid two-phase delivery state with the perfluorohexanone liquid phase agent.

[0047] S304, when using the package-level fixed-point spray mode, perfluorohexanone is sprayed through the package-level nozzle corresponding to the target battery pack. The centralized controller module 10 uses the temperature change rate and characteristic gas concentration change rate of the target battery pack as the basis for evaluating the suppression effect. When using the package-level fixed-point spray and cabin-level concentration maintenance composite mode, perfluorohexanone completes the physical phase change and enters the concentration maintenance state after forming an effective fire extinguishing concentration in the target protection area or inside the energy storage prefabricated cabin. The centralized controller module 10 reads the measured fire extinguishing concentration sequence uploaded by the space fire extinguishing concentration sensor and compares the measured fire extinguishing concentration sequence with the preset fire extinguishing design concentration physical threshold set to the range of 4.5% to 6.0%. If the measured extinguishing concentration sequence is greater than or equal to the preset extinguishing design concentration physical threshold, the centralized controller module 10 locks the action loop of the release execution unit in the valve flow pattern control submodule 103; when the centralized controller module 10 detects that the measured extinguishing concentration sequence is lower than the preset extinguishing design concentration physical threshold, the centralized controller module 10 activates the release execution unit in the valve flow pattern control submodule 103 to perform a point-type micro-flow supplementary spraying action, and the release execution unit controls the opening and closing of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve and the corresponding nozzle solenoid valve according to a fixed pulse width.

[0048] See attached document Figure 6 In specific implementations, step S400 provided by the present invention may include the following sub-steps: S401, when the main delivery pipeline module 40 is in pressurized operation and the centralized controller module 10 receives the alarm signal triggered by the second compartment, the agent compensation scheduling submodule 104 calls the global pipeline topology to determine the set of pipe segments between the perfluorohexanone storage tank module 20 and the branch node of the second compartment, and reads the length, diameter, valve status, pressure status and current flow direction of each pipe segment. The agent compensation scheduling submodule 104 marks the pipe segments between the outlet of the perfluorohexanone storage tank module 20 and the branch node of the second compartment that are in pressurized filling state and can supply drugs to the branch of the second compartment as valid shared pipe segments.

[0049] S402, the agent compensation scheduling submodule 104 calculates the mass of residual agent in the effective shared pipe section based on the pipe diameter, length, liquid phase filling rate and perfluorohexanone density of the effective shared pipe section; when the main delivery network module 40 is in pure liquid phase delivery state, the liquid phase filling rate is taken as the full pipe state; when the main delivery network module 40 is in gas-liquid two phase delivery state, the liquid phase filling rate is estimated based on the opening ratio of the main section flow sensor, pressure sensor and nitrogen bypass control valve to the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve. Pipe sections that cross the second compartment branch node and extend towards the launch compartment or other non-target compartments are marked as invalid dead zone pipe sections, and the agent inside is not included in the available agent dosage of the second compartment.

[0050] S403, the centralized controller module 10 calculates the total dose required for the second compartment based on the number of battery packs in the second compartment, the target protection area, the target cooling time, and the current temperature change rate. It then subtracts the mass of residual agent in the effective shared pipe section from the total dose required for the second compartment to obtain the supplementary release dose for the second compartment. If the subtraction result is less than 0, the supplementary release dose for the second compartment is executed according to the minimum maintenance injection dose. If the subtraction result is greater than the remaining dose of perfluorohexanone in the perfluorohexanone storage tank module 20, the centralized controller module 10 generates a drug shortage status signal and enters priority scheduling.

[0051] S404, when the first chamber is still under continuous suppression and the second chamber triggers an alarm, the central controller module 10 compares the temperature change rate, characteristic gas concentration change rate, and remaining drug dosage of the first chamber and the second chamber to determine the drug supply priority. The central controller module 10 controls the first chamber partition selection valve and the second chamber partition selection valve to perform alternating pulse opening or synchronous flow limiting opening according to the drug supply priority, and simultaneously corrects the opening degree of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve and the nitrogen bypass control valve so that the second chamber receives the supplementary release dosage after deduction, while avoiding the pressure of the main delivery pipeline module 40 from exceeding the pressure limit.

[0052] See attached document Figure 7 In specific implementations, step S500 provided by the present invention may include the following sub-steps: S501, the centralized controller module 10 reads the physical balance of the perfluorohexanone storage tank module 20, the internal temperature of the target battery pack, the temperature change rate, and the suppression duration in real time during the continuous suppression phase. When the physical balance of the perfluorohexanone storage tank module 20 is lower than the minimum dischargeable balance, or when the continuous suppression time reaches the preset time threshold and the internal temperature of the target battery pack is still higher than the safety threshold, the centralized controller module 10 determines that the perfluorohexanone suppression capability is insufficient and generates a fine water mist bottom cooling command.

[0053] S502, the central controller module 10 responds to the fine water mist bottom cooling command, closes the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve, the zone selection valve corresponding to the target compartment, and the nozzle solenoid valve, while keeping the electrical isolation actuator of the target compartment in an isolated state and keeping the air valve closed. Subsequently, the central controller module 10 starts the fine water mist fire extinguishing device, so that the fine water mist fire extinguishing device continuously cools the cooling area of ​​the outer wall of the energy storage prefabricated compartment or the cooling area of ​​the top of the compartment.

[0054] S503, when the characteristic gas concentration fed back by the detector, the battery pack temperature fed back by the temperature sensor, and the cell voltage fed back by the battery management unit all meet the fire alarm elimination conditions, the central controller module 10 shuts down the fine water mist fire extinguishing device, controls the high-pressure nitrogen drive cylinder group module 30 to supply gas to the second branch, and separately opens the nitrogen bypass control valve and the zone selection valve that has participated in the discharge path, and executes the nitrogen sweep line of the main delivery pipeline module 40 and the secondary pipeline inside the energy storage prefabricated cabin.

[0055] S504, during the sweeping process, the high-pressure nitrogen-driven cylinder module 30 provides purge gas to the main delivery pipeline module 40 via the nitrogen bypass control valve. The centralized controller module 10 controls the opening of the nitrogen bypass control valve according to the set purge pressure, so that the purge pressure is lower than the pressure limit of the main delivery pipeline module 40. The residual perfluorohexanone agent in the pipe is discharged through the target compartment discharge path or the residual sweeping interface. The centralized controller module 10 determines whether the residual liquid in the pipeline is emptied based on the starting pressure of the main section, the end pressure, and the feedback signal from the flow sensor. When the flow rate decreases to the set sweeping end threshold and the end pressure stabilizes, the centralized controller module 10 closes the nitrogen bypass control valve and the corresponding zone selection valve to complete the preparation for resetting the fire extinguishing system pipeline.

[0056] See attached document Figure 8 In specific implementations, step S600 provided by the present invention may include the following sub-steps: S601, after the fire alarm is cleared and the pipeline sweep is completed, the performance evaluation reset submodule 105 reads the target battery pack temperature, temperature change rate, characteristic gas concentration collected by the detector, and the current status of the air valve to determine whether the energy storage prefabricated compartment meets the ventilation reset conditions.

[0057] To prevent premature air entry into the cabin from inducing backfire or secondary deflagration, the centralized controller module 10 constructs a multidimensional safety ventilation permit index based on the target battery pack temperature, the target battery pack temperature change rate, and the characteristic gas concentration collected by the detector. Before calculating the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index, the centralized controller module 10 performs moving average or exponential smoothing on the target battery pack temperature, the target battery pack temperature change rate, and the characteristic gas concentration, and substitutes the processed data into the calculation of the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index. The multidimensional safety ventilation permit index can be calculated using the following formula: ; In the formula: A multidimensional safety ventilation permit index; The settling temperature is the weighting factor. The measured absolute physical temperature of the battery pack at the current moment; The system's fixed safety reference temperature threshold; This is the weighting coefficient for combustible gas concentration; The measured physical concentration of volatile gases in the protected area; The physical threshold concentration of the lower explosive limit for volatile gases; This is a constant used to penalize the temperature rise trend. This is the temperature rise amplification factor constant; For physical time parameters; This is the first-order time derivative of the measured absolute physical temperature of the battery pack at the current moment with respect to the physical time parameter.

[0058] Among them, the static temperature weighting coefficient, combustible gas concentration weighting coefficient, temperature rise trend penalty constant, and temperature rise amplification factor constant are preset empirical coefficients, which can be calibrated based on the internal volume of the energy storage prefabricated cabin, ventilation capacity, battery pack thermal capacity, detector gas type, historical operating data, or prototype test data. The physical threshold for the lower explosive limit concentration of volatile gases is the lower explosive limit concentration of the gas or gas mixture detected by the detector. When the detector detects multiple characteristic gases, the physical threshold for the lower explosive limit concentration of volatile gases is determined according to the minimum lower explosive limit concentration of each characteristic gas or according to the equivalent lower explosive limit concentration of the gas mixture. The numerical threshold for safe ventilation is preset according to the explosion-proof ventilation design requirements of the prefabricated energy storage compartment, the safety concentration margin of combustible gases, and the ventilation capacity of the explosion-proof exhaust fan unit.

[0059] The centralized controller module 10 compares the calculated multidimensional safe ventilation permit index with the safe ventilation value threshold set by the system. Only when the multidimensional safe ventilation permit index is continuously lower than the set threshold and reaches the preset anti-disturbance time window, the logic determines that the energy storage prefabricated cabin meets the ventilation reset condition. If the multidimensional safe ventilation permit index rises again to above the safe ventilation value threshold within the anti-disturbance time window, the centralized controller module 10 restarts the timing until the multidimensional safe ventilation permit index is continuously lower than the safe ventilation value threshold and reaches the anti-disturbance time window.

[0060] S602, when the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index is continuously lower than the safety ventilation value threshold and reaches the anti-disturbance time window, the centralized controller module 10 releases the power-off lockout state of the explosion-proof exhaust fan unit. When the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index is not lower than the safety ventilation value threshold, or reaches or exceeds the safety ventilation value threshold again within the anti-disturbance time window, the centralized controller module 10 maintains the explosion-proof exhaust fan unit in the power-off lockout state and maintains the air valve in the closed state.

[0061] S603, the centralized controller module 10 sends a start command to the explosion-proof exhaust fan unit and controls the air valve to open, so that the explosion-proof exhaust fan unit performs forced ventilation to replace the gas medium inside the energy storage prefabricated cabin. During the ventilation process, the centralized controller module 10 continuously reads the characteristic gas concentration fed back by the detector and the temperature data fed back by the temperature sensor. When the characteristic gas concentration and temperature data are both stable within the safe range for a preset holding time, the ventilation is determined to be completed.

[0062] S604. After ventilation is completed, the central controller module 10 shuts down the explosion-proof exhaust fan unit and resets the corresponding zone selection valve, nozzle solenoid valve, air valve and explosion-proof exhaust fan unit to standby state. At the same time, it confirms that the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve and nitrogen bypass control valve are both in the closed standby state. The central controller module 10 records the discharge time, line sweeping time, ventilation time and sensor feedback data during this fire alarm handling process for subsequent maintenance and verification.

[0063] See attached document Figure 9 In specific implementations, step S700 provided by the present invention may include the following sub-steps: S701, after the ventilation reset is completed, the valve diagnosis and traceability submodule 106 reads the cumulative number of opening and closing of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve, the reverse peak current of the motor during the reset phase, and the factory-calibrated reference no-load current, and calculates the mechanical offset of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve. The mechanical offset is used to characterize the degree of change of the valve core reset resistance relative to the factory reference state.

[0064] S702, the valve diagnostic traceability submodule 106 calculates the mechanical fatigue degree of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve based on the mechanical offset and the cumulative number of opening and closing cycles, and matches the corresponding maintenance grade label of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve according to the mechanical fatigue degree. The underlying mechanical fatigue degree equation is shown below: ; In the formula: The dimensionless mechanical fatigue of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve; The cumulative cycle loss constant is configured with a value range of 0.01 to 0.05; The cumulative number of opening and closing cycles for the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve; This is a structural degradation penalty constant, and its value range is specified as 1.5 to 2.5; The base of the natural logarithm is a mathematical constant; The mechanical offset generated by the differential comparison; The physical calibration sets the tolerance current threshold, and the physical value is calibrated to 0.5A.

[0065] When the mechanical fatigue does not exceed the set maintenance threshold, the central controller module 10 marks the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve as usable; when the mechanical fatigue exceeds the set maintenance threshold, the central controller module 10 generates a valve maintenance prompt signal and stores the maintenance prompt signal in the maintenance record.

[0066] S703, the valve diagnostic traceability submodule 106 calculates the amount of reagent consumed in this release based on the pressure of the main section, the pressure at the end, the flow sensor data, and the opening or duty cycle data of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve during the discharge phase. The centralized controller module 10 subtracts the reagent consumption from the initial perfluorohexanone storage to obtain the remaining reagent mass inside the perfluorohexanone storage tank module 20, and substitutes the remaining reagent mass into the reagent traceability formula for verification and approval. The mathematical expression of the underlying reagent traceability formula is as follows: ; In the formula: The remaining reagent mass inside perfluorohexanone storage tank module 20; This represents the initial physical reserves of perfluorohexanone. This is the summation operator for discrete-time series. The flow coefficient of the servo pipe network perforated plate is calibrated to a range of 0.60 to 0.65. This refers to the pressure drop difference at the end of the pipeline network. It is the time duty cycle integral of the digital pulse width modulation signal.

[0067] During the calculation process, when the flow sensor data is complete, the centralized controller module 10 prioritizes calculating the mass of perfluorohexanone consumed in this discharge based on the flow time integral collected by the flow sensor, and uses the pipe pressure drop data and the opening or duty cycle data of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve for auxiliary verification; when the flow sensor data is missing or abnormal, the centralized controller module 10 uses the pipe pressure drop data and the opening or duty cycle data of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve to make an auxiliary estimate of the mass of perfluorohexanone consumed in this discharge.

[0068] S704, the centralized controller module 10 cross-verifies the calculated remaining agent mass with the feedback value of the remaining amount acquisition sensor of the perfluorohexanone storage tank module 20; when the deviation between the two exceeds the set remaining amount error threshold, a remaining amount calibration prompt signal is generated; when the deviation between the two is within the set remaining amount error threshold, the remaining agent mass is written into the agent compensation scheduling submodule 104 for the next fire alarm scheduling calculation.

[0069] To aid in understanding the technical solution of this invention, the following provides a specific example and test case of an automated application of a centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control system for a 100-megawatt energy storage power station: The energy storage power station to be protected contains multiple standard prefabricated energy storage compartments, such as compartment one and compartment two. Each compartment has a space size of 12m×2.5m×3m and is densely packed with lithium iron phosphate battery clusters. The main section has a total physical length of 65 meters. The environment is under typical summer high-temperature conditions, with the ambient temperature outside the compartment stable at 38°C. At this time, the saturated vapor pressure of perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent increases, and cavitation gas blockage will occur in the pipeline network.

[0070] The system is in the real-time closed-loop monitoring stage. Under a certain charge-discharge cycle, a specific target battery pack in the No. 3 battery cluster in the No. 1 compartment experienced early thermal runaway due to a micro-short circuit in the plate.

[0071] First, within a 200ms calculation time window, the clock synchronization triggering submodule 101 inside the centralized controller module 10 synchronizes the voltage sequence uploaded by the battery management unit with the volatile organic compound concentration sequence uploaded by the detector. Using the finite difference algorithm, it calculates that the instantaneous time derivative of the single cell voltage drops to -0.15V / s, which meets the set negative voltage jump threshold, and the time derivative of the characteristic gas concentration soars to 45ppm / s, which is greater than the positive concentration jump threshold. Based on this, the clock synchronization triggering submodule 101 confirms the initial gas generation of thermal runaway of the target battery pack at a very early stage and generates the first fire alarm location command, avoiding the lag of traditional alarms that rely on excessively high absolute temperatures.

[0072] Subsequently, the physical boundary calculation submodule 102 reads the real-time ambient temperature of 38°C, substitutes it into the Antoine equation to calculate the theoretical value of the current saturated vapor pressure of perfluorohexanone. To prevent gas lock, the system controls the high-pressure nitrogen drive cylinder module 30 to prioritize opening the nitrogen bypass control valve to perform transient pre-pressure building. After the pressure is built up, the opening of the nitrogen bypass control valve is reduced and the opening of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve is expanded at a cross slope of 0.2% per millisecond to maintain the static pressure constraint in the pipe and perform the first millisecond-level fixed-point injection on the target battery pack in the No. 1 compartment in a pure liquid phase single-phase flow state.

[0073] In the initial stage of injection, the target battery pack releases heat intensely, and the demand flow rate derived by the proportional-differential algorithm rises sharply, causing the pulse to shorten. When the theoretical driving pressure approaches the safe pressure threshold of 2.5MPa in the main pipeline, the valve flow pattern control submodule 103 triggers a flow pattern transition, simultaneously opening the nitrogen bypass control valve and the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve, introducing nitrogen to form a gas-liquid two-phase liquid-carrying transport flow. Under the safe premise of not causing pipeline rupture, the high-throughput delivery of the agent is guaranteed, and the temperature rise is successfully suppressed.

[0074] At the 45th second of pressurized operation in compartment 1, an alarm signal was triggered in the adjacent compartment 2 due to heat conduction. The agent compensation scheduling submodule 104 immediately started multi-compartment collaborative scheduling, extracted the effective shared pipe section of 40 meters between the pump house and the branch node of compartment 2, accurately estimated the amount of perfluorohexanone agent retained in the pipe under the current two-phase flow state to be 18.5 kg, deducted this amount from the theoretical total required amount of agent in compartment 2, and dynamically updated the opening of the zonal selection valve to achieve seamless rotation and flow restriction supply of agent to compartment 2 without causing pressure drop in the main pipeline.

[0075] After the fire is extinguished, the system enters the reset phase. The nitrogen bypass control valve is opened separately to perform low-pressure sweeping of the pipeline. At the same time, the efficiency assessment reset submodule 105 integrates the measured temperature and residual gas concentration after cooling to calculate the multi-dimensional safety ventilation permit index. Only after confirming that the index is below the safety threshold value within a five-minute anti-disturbance time window will the system release the power-off lockout state of the explosion-proof exhaust fan unit and perform forced ventilation to prevent the risk of secondary backfire caused by fresh air influx. Finally, the valve diagnosis and tracing submodule 106 extracts the reverse peak current of the servo motor to deduce the mechanical fatigue degree, and deducts the amount of explosive consumed this time by combining the digital pulse width modulation signal time duty cycle integral. The approved remaining amount of explosive is written into the explosive compensation scheduling submodule 104 to prepare for the next warning.

[0076] To verify the effectiveness of the above-mentioned multi-source feature verification and dynamic flow state multi-compartment scheduling, a comparative experiment was built on a hardware-in-the-loop simulation test bench. The control group used a combination system of traditional single-factor detection, such as fixed threshold detection of temperature or smoke, and high-pressure constant-pressure total flooding release. The experimental group used the dual-derivative multi-source fire alarm verification, flow pattern transition, and multi-compartment retention agent deduction compensation system of the present invention.

[0077] Comparison Table of Experimental Data for Centralized Fire Control of Energy Storage Power Stations Refer to the data in the table above and Figure 10 Analysis revealed that the control group, relying on absolute temperature rise or absolute concentration exceeding limits, took as long as 84.5 seconds to confirm the fire. Furthermore, under high-pressure constant-pressure propellant delivery in summer, it frequently triggered gas flow interruption or overpressure alarms in the pipeline network. In contrast, the experimental group utilized the dual derivative trends of the time derivative of individual cell voltage and the time derivative of characteristic gas concentration to compress the confirmation time to 11.2 seconds. Simultaneously, the experimental group's curves verified the effectiveness of the Antoine equation physical boundary solution and flow pattern transition strategy, automatically switching to gas-liquid two-phase flow during high-flux eruptions, successfully reducing the pipeline network overpressure interruption failure rate to 0.

[0078] Regarding the multi-compartment linkage indicators, because the control group did not consider the agent retention status of the common pipe section, each time a new defense zone was activated, the pressurized pipe had to be rebuilt from the source, resulting in the agent taking as long as 22.4 seconds to reach the second compartment. In contrast, the experimental group implemented the logic of deducting retained agents and reusing the effective shared pipe section, and the agent only needed 5.3 seconds to reach the secondary alarm area, reducing the blank waiting period and reducing the total agent waste rate from 35.8% to 4.2%.

[0079] Furthermore, because the control group used a fixed delay to start the fan after the fire was extinguished, the smoldering fire inside the chamber repeatedly reignited after contact with fresh air, with an incidence rate as high as 12.0%. The experimental group, on the other hand, achieved absolute safe reset with zero backfire based on the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index and the anti-disturbance time window locking mechanism. Overall experimental test data confirmed that the solution of this invention solves the problems of delayed fire detection, gas resistance and overpressure caused by complex pipeline networks, conflicts in agent scheduling caused by multiple chambers operating concurrently, and secondary backfire induced by forced ventilation in large-scale energy storage power stations.

[0080] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control method for energy storage power stations, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: The time derivatives of characteristic gas concentration and individual cell voltage are calculated to confirm the fire situation; The ambient temperature is obtained to calculate the saturated vapor pressure, and based on the saturated vapor pressure, the nitrogen bypass control valve and the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve are controlled to perform pure liquid phase injection according to a preset cross slope; The pulse interval of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve is adjusted according to the battery temperature change rate, and the flow is switched to gas-liquid two-phase transport when the transport pressure exceeds the limit. Extract the features of the effective shared pipe sections to calculate and deduct the quality of the retained agents, and perform multi-compartment agent scheduling according to the supply priority; When the agent is exhausted or the temperature exceeds the limit, the fine water mist fire extinguishing device is activated to perform cooling, and the nitrogen bypass control valve is opened to purge the line after the fire alarm is cleared. Calculate the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index, and after the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index is continuously lower than the preset threshold and reaches the preset time window, release the exhaust blockage and perform ventilation; The reset characteristic current of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve is collected to estimate the mechanical fatigue degree and to verify the consumption of the reagent, thereby completing the reagent traceability.

2. The centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control method for energy storage power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for simultaneously calculating the time derivatives of characteristic gas concentrations and individual cell voltages to confirm the fire status of the target battery pack include: Establish a reference clock and continuously align the individual cell voltage data with the characteristic gas concentration data within the set calculation time window; The finite difference algorithm is used to calculate the instantaneous change rate of the aligned single cell voltage data and characteristic gas concentration data in real time, and to perform rolling updates on the time series according to the single sampling period as the sliding step size; The calculated derivative values ​​are synchronously compared with the preset over-limit judgment conditions. When the voltage time derivative is less than or equal to the preset negative voltage jump threshold and the concentration time derivative is greater than or equal to the preset positive concentration jump threshold, it is confirmed that the target battery pack is in the initial stage of thermal runaway.

3. The centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control method for energy storage power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of calculating the saturated vapor pressure based on the Antoine equation, controlling the nitrogen bypass control valve and the perfluorohexanone liquid-phase main valve according to the cross slope, and performing the first package-level fixed-point injection in a pure liquid single-phase flow state include: Real-time ambient temperature data is read, smoothed, and filtered. The saturated vapor pressure is calculated using the Antoine empirical equation, and the minimum build-up pressure is calculated by combining the flow resistance parameters. The high-pressure nitrogen drive cylinder module supplies nitrogen to the nitrogen bypass control valve via the second branch to perform transient pre-pressure build-up. Once the terminal pressure meets the requirements, an opening control signal with a cross slope is simultaneously sent to the nitrogen bypass control valve and the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve to maintain the cross-sectional area reduction rate and the flow area expansion rate equal at transient moments. The static pressure inside the closed-loop constraint tube is used to perform the first package-level fixed-point injection in the pure liquid phase single-phase flow state.

4. The centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control method for energy storage power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of adjusting the pulse interval of the perfluorohexanone liquid-phase main valve according to the battery temperature change rate, and switching to a gas-liquid two-phase transport flow state when the theoretical driving pressure reaches the upper limit of the pressure of the main delivery pipeline module, include: The deviation between the collected temperature value and the safe temperature reference, as well as the instantaneous change slope, are extracted based on the cell temperature time series. The instantaneous demand flow rate is derived using a proportional-derivative control algorithm, and the target opening degree and target pulse interval of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve are calculated in reverse. When the theoretical driving pressure corresponding to the target opening degree and the target pulse interval is lower than the pressure limit of the main delivery pipeline module, pure liquid phase pulse delivery is maintained; when the theoretical driving pressure is greater than or equal to the pressure limit of the main delivery pipeline module, the nitrogen bypass control valve and the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve are opened simultaneously to switch to gas-liquid two-phase delivery flow.

5. The centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control method for energy storage power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of extracting effective shared pipe segment features to calculate and deduct the mass of retained pharmaceuticals, and performing multi-compartment pharmaceutical scheduling according to supply priority, include: When an alarm signal from the second compartment is received during pressurized operation, the pipe section between the outlet of the perfluorohexanone storage tank module and the branch node of the second compartment that is in a pressurized filling state is marked as an effective shared pipe section. The mass of the retained reagent is calculated based on the physical dimensions of the effective shared pipe section and the liquid phase filling rate corresponding to the transport flow state. The supplementary release dose is obtained by subtracting the mass of the retained agent from the total dose required by the second compartment; the drug supply priority is determined according to the temperature and concentration change rate of each compartment, the opening degree is updated, and the zone selection valve is controlled to perform rotation pulse or synchronous flow limiting to perform scheduling.

6. The centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control method for energy storage power stations according to claim 3, characterized in that, The steps of triggering an external fine water mist fire extinguishing device to perform fallback cooling when the physical reserve of perfluorohexanone is depleted or the temperature continues to exceed the limit, and opening the nitrogen bypass control valve to perform pipeline reset and purging after the fire alarm is cleared, include: During the continuous suppression phase, when the physical balance of perfluorohexanone agent is lower than the minimum dischargeable balance, or when the continuous suppression time reaches the preset time threshold and the internal temperature of the target battery pack is still higher than the preset safety temperature threshold, the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve, the zone selection valve, and the nozzle solenoid valve are closed, and the external fine water mist fire extinguishing device with independent pipeline is activated to perform bottom cooling. When the detector feedback data meets the fire alarm elimination conditions, the fine water mist fire extinguishing device is shut down, the high-pressure nitrogen drive cylinder module is controlled to supply gas to the second branch and the nitrogen bypass control valve is opened separately, and the residual liquid in the pipeline is discharged through the target chamber or the residual sweeping line interface at a set purging pressure lower than the upper limit of the pipeline pressure to perform the pipeline reset sweeping.

7. The centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control method for energy storage power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index continuously falls below the preset safety ventilation value threshold and reaches the anti-disturbance time window, the steps to release the power-off lockout state of the explosion-proof exhaust fan unit and execute forced ventilation include: Extract the static temperature weighting coefficient, combustible gas concentration weighting coefficient, and temperature rise trend penalty constant, and combine them with the smoothed target battery pack temperature, the measured physical concentration of volatile gases in the protection zone, and the corresponding instantaneous first-order time derivative to construct the dimensionless multidimensional safety ventilation permit index. The multidimensional safety ventilation permit index is compared with the preset safety ventilation value threshold; if the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index rises again to above the safety ventilation value threshold within the anti-disturbance time window, the explosion-proof exhaust fan unit is kept in a power-off and locked state and the timer is restarted. Only when the multidimensional safety ventilation permit index is determined to be continuously less than the safety ventilation value threshold and the anti-disturbance time window is reached, the power-off lockout state of the explosion-proof exhaust fan unit is released, and the corresponding air valve is controlled to open and the forced ventilation is started.

8. The centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control method for energy storage power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for deriving the mechanical fatigue output diagnostic status of the servo valve by combining the reset characteristic current, and verifying the consumed perfluorohexanone dosage by combining the discharge period data to complete the traceability and verification of the remaining dosage include: The cumulative number of opening and closing times of the perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve, the peak reverse current of the motor during the reset phase, and the reference no-load current are read to calculate the mechanical offset. The mechanical offset is then substituted into the preset mechanical fatigue equation to deduce and calculate the current dimensionless mechanical fatigue. The diagnostic status is output by matching the maintenance grade label. The mass of perfluorohexanone consumed in this release is calculated based on the flow time integral or the time duty cycle integral of the digital pulse width modulation signal collected by the flow sensor data, and then subtracted from the initial stockpile to obtain the remaining mass of the agent. The remaining agent mass is cross-validated with the physical feedback value of the remaining quantity acquisition sensor. When the deviation between the two is within the preset remaining quantity error threshold, the verified remaining agent mass is written into the agent compensation scheduling logic to provide the initial data boundary for the next fire alarm.

9. A centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control system for an energy storage power station, using the centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control method for an energy storage power station as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The system includes: Centralized controller module, perfluorohexanone storage tank module, high-pressure nitrogen-driven cylinder group module and main delivery pipeline module; The perfluorohexanone storage tank module is used to store fire extinguishing agents, and is equipped with a perfluorohexanone liquid phase main valve at the bottom, which is regulated by the central controller module. The high-pressure nitrogen-driven cylinder module is used to provide the high-pressure driving gas source required by the system. The output is divided into two paths. The first path is used to provide the liquid discharge driving pressure to the perfluorohexanone storage tank module. The second path is used to provide the transient pre-pressure building, liquid-carrying gas for gas-liquid two-phase transportation, and line sweeping gas source for the reset stage to the main delivery pipeline module. The main delivery pipeline module is used to connect the fire extinguishing agent supply end with the battery pack node of the target protection compartment, construct the physical delivery boundary of perfluorohexanone single-phase flow or gas-liquid two-phase flow, and provide pressure and flow sensing feedback and overpressure safety relief protection along the pipeline.

10. A storage medium for centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control of an energy storage power station, characterized in that, It includes a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the centralized fire-fighting zone linkage control method for energy storage power stations as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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