High-load perfluorohexanone environmentally-friendly fire extinguishing emulsion and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing agent preparation, and particularly relates to a high-load perfluorohexanone environment-friendly fire extinguishing emulsion and a preparation method thereof. The present application uses water as a continuous phase, perfluorohexanone as a dispersed inner phase, and an environment-friendly non-fluorine surfactant to realize system stability, and prepares an integrated high-efficiency perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing system. The water phase carrier gives the liquid drops higher inertia, precisely delivers the perfluorohexanone to the root of the flame, breaks through the limitation of traditional physical superposition, and realizes the synergy of two phases in the microscale. The turbulent flow generated by the flashing of the water phase can break the flame airflow barrier, and the perfluorohexanone is synchronously released to play a chemical inhibition role. The high latent heat of water provides long-acting heat absorption and cooling capacity, the cooling interval after extinguishing the fire is wider, and the fire suppression effect is more durable. The preparation process of the present application is simple and easy to scale up, the process is short, the reaction conditions are mild, no toxic auxiliary materials and complex equipment are needed, and the production and preparation are easy to scale up.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fire extinguishing agent preparation technology, specifically relating to a high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Perfluorohexanone is a colorless, transparent, odorless, and insulating liquid. Due to its dual fire extinguishing mechanisms of endothermic reaction and free radical blocking, it is considered a new generation of environmentally friendly fire extinguishing agent. However, its low boiling point and rapid vaporization upon heating mean that in open / large-space fires, the agent evaporates and dissipates before reaching the base of the fire, resulting in low utilization. Furthermore, its latent heat of vaporization is far lower than that of water, limiting its contribution to physical endothermic reaction. Its fire extinguishing effect is highly dependent on the critical extinguishing concentration, making it difficult to maintain a sustained and concentrated extinguishing effect in non-enclosed spaces.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies primarily employ three improvement schemes: fine water mist linkage, microencapsulation, and traditional emulsion systems. However, all have significant shortcomings: the fine water mist linkage scheme only achieves the physical superposition of water and perfluorohexanone, with the two phases remaining separated at the microscopic scale, resulting in weak synergistic effects and high overall system complexity; the microencapsulation technology utilizes polymeric materials to encapsulate the perfluorohexanone core liquid, but the preparation process often involves harmful substances such as formaldehyde, and the capsule wall's thermal triggering response is slow, leading to delayed medium release during fires and insufficient instantaneous fire extinguishing capability; the traditional emulsion system has a low perfluorohexanone dispersed phase content, and the emulsification process often uses fluorinated surfactants for stabilization. These additives are difficult to degrade naturally, exhibiting persistent environmental toxicity and posing a potential risk of persistent environmental toxicity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion and its preparation method, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art. Based on interfacial chemical design, a high-load fire extinguishing emulsion with water as the continuous phase and perfluorohexanone as the dispersed internal phase is constructed. An environmentally friendly non-fluorinated surfactant is used to achieve system stability, and the precise delivery and synergistic fire extinguishing of fire extinguishing components are achieved through micro-encapsulation structure.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion, comprising an aqueous phase and perfluorohexanone loaded therein, wherein the aqueous phase is composed of deionized water and an emulsion stabilizer. Perfluorohexanone accounts for 60-85% of the total mass of fire extinguishing emulsions; The emulsifying stabilizer accounts for 0.1-2% of the total mass of the fire extinguishing emulsion; The emulsifying stabilizer is selected from one or more of the following: cocamidopropyl betaine, sodium dodecyl sulfate, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 9, alkyl glycoside, Tween 80, and rhamnolipid.

[0006] This invention, based on interfacial chemistry design, constructs a high-load fire extinguishing emulsion with an aqueous phase as the continuous phase and perfluorohexanone as the dispersed internal phase. An environmentally friendly non-fluorinated surfactant is used to stabilize the system, and a microscopic encapsulation structure enables precise delivery and synergistic fire extinguishing of the fire extinguishing components. During the research process, the inventors discovered that the percentage of perfluorohexanone in the total mass of the fire extinguishing emulsion can be flexibly adjusted within the range of 60-85% to adapt to the fire extinguishing needs of different scales and types of fires. Stable perfluorohexanone emulsions can be prepared by using any one or more of the following as emulsifying stabilizers, with the stabilizer accounting for 0.1-2% of the total mass of the fire extinguishing emulsion.

[0007] In some other embodiments, perfluorohexanone accounts for 70-85% of the total mass of the extinguishing emulsion; The emulsifying stabilizer accounts for 0.1-1% of the total mass of the fire extinguishing emulsion; The emulsifying stabilizer is cocamidopropyl betaine. A betaine-based non-fluorinated environmentally friendly surfactant is selected, which has no persistent environmental toxicity and replaces traditional fluorinated surfactants. The core extinguishing component, perfluorohexanone, has an ODP of 0, a GWP of only 1, and an atmospheric lifetime of only 5 days.

[0008] In some other embodiments, perfluorohexanone accounts for 80% of the total mass of the extinguishing emulsion, and cocamidopropyl betaine accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the extinguishing emulsion.

[0009] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion, comprising the following steps: Add the emulsifying stabilizer to deionized water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain the aqueous phase; Perfluorohexanone was added to the aqueous phase and stirred continuously to obtain a crude emulsion; The crude emulsion is subjected to ultrasonic emulsification to obtain a high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion.

[0010] The one-step emulsification process is short, the reaction conditions are mild, and it does not require toxic excipients or complex equipment, making it easy to scale up production.

[0011] In other embodiments, the ultrasonic emulsification process is selected from one of ultrasonic cell disruption emulsification, high-speed shear emulsification, high-pressure homogenization emulsification, and colloid mill emulsification. These emulsification methods can all yield stable, high-load emulsion systems.

[0012] In some other embodiments, the emulsification process is selected from ultrasonic cell disruption emulsification.

[0013] In some other embodiments, the ultrasonic cell disruption emulsification method uses a power of 200-400 W for a time of 2-5 min. Preferably, the ultrasonic cell disruption emulsification method uses a power of 300 W for a time of 2 min.

[0014] Thirdly, this invention provides the application of high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion in liquid fires, solid fires, and electrical equipment fires.

[0015] In some other embodiments, the liquid in the liquid fire includes hydrocarbon liquids. Hydrocarbon liquids include n-heptane.

[0016] Fourthly, the present invention provides a fire extinguishing method for a high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion, which sprays the high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion onto liquid fires, solid fires, and electrical equipment fires.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) In this invention, water is used as the continuous phase and perfluorohexanone is used as the dispersed internal phase. An environmentally friendly non-fluorinated surfactant is used to uniformly disperse and lock high content of perfluorohexanone inside the emulsion, avoiding system demulsification under high internal phase ratio. At the same time, the fluorine-free emulsifying components avoid the ecological residual toxicity risks brought by traditional fluorinated emulsifiers.

[0018] (2) The aqueous phase carrier in the high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion imparts higher inertia to the droplets, effectively overcoming the interference of thermal buoyancy in the fire scene, avoiding agent deflection and dispersion, and precisely delivering perfluorohexanone to the root of the flame. This solves the problem of pure perfluorohexanone's difficulty in deep penetration in open spaces and expands the applicable scenarios of perfluorohexanone. It breaks through the limitations of traditional physical superposition and achieves two-phase synergy at the microscale. The turbulence generated by the flash evaporation of the aqueous phase can break the flame airflow barrier, while perfluorohexanone is released simultaneously to exert a chemical inhibition effect; moreover, the high latent heat of water provides long-term heat absorption and cooling capacity, resulting in a wider range of continuous cooling after fire extinguishing and a more lasting flame suppression effect.

[0019] (3) The preparation process of the present invention is simple and easy to scale up, with a short process and mild reaction conditions. It does not require toxic excipients or complex equipment and is easy to produce on a large scale. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0021] Figure 1 A comparison chart of extinguishing time and agent consumption between pure perfluorohexanone in Comparative Example 1 and the high-load emulsion in Example 1. Figure 2The temperature change curves of pure perfluorohexanone in Comparative Example 1 and the high-load emulsion in Example 1 at different heights in the fire scene over time include three measuring points: T1 (2 cm above the fuel surface), T2 (10 cm above the fuel surface), and T3 (20 cm above the fuel surface). Figure 3 is a comparison curve of the temperature drop rate of pure perfluorohexanone in Comparative Example 1 and the high-load emulsion in Example 1 at different heights in the fire scene, including three measuring points: T1 (2 cm above the fuel surface), T2 (10 cm above the fuel surface), and T3 (20 cm above the fuel surface). Figure 4 is an infrared thermal imaging comparison of the fire extinguishing process of pure perfluorohexanone in Comparative Example 1 and high-load emulsion in Example 1, showing the agent distribution and temperature field evolution during the spraying process. Figure 5 is a mean-variance analysis diagram of the cooling rates of pure perfluorohexanone in Comparative Example 1 and the high-load emulsion in Example 1, which quantifies the intensity of physical disturbance in the system. Figure 6 Examples 1-4 show actual images of the high-load emulsions. Figures 1-4 In the examples, 'a' refers to pure perfluorohexanone from Comparative Example 1, and 'b' refers to the high-load emulsion from Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Specific conditions not specified in the embodiments are performed under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Components whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available conventional products.

[0023] Terminology Explanation: Perfluorohexanone (C6F) 12 O): Fluorinated ketone-based clean fire extinguishing agents are colorless and transparent liquids under normal conditions. They have an ozone depletion potential of 0 and a global warming potential of 1, and combine physical heat absorption with chemical fire suppression.

[0024] Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP): A relative indicator of the ability of substances in the atmosphere to deplete the ozone layer, with the ODP of trichlorofluoromethane (R11) being 1 as the benchmark.

[0025] Global warming potential (GWP): A relative indicator that measures the impact of greenhouse gases on global warming, with a GWP of 1 for carbon dioxide as the benchmark.

[0026] Critical Extinguishing Concentration (MEC): The minimum volume fraction of extinguishing agent required to maintain flame extinction under specified test conditions.

[0027] High-load emulsion: an emulsion system with a high proportion of dispersed internal phase, in which the mass proportion of perfluorohexanone internal phase can reach more than 80%.

[0028] To address the limitations of existing perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing materials in simultaneously achieving high load capacity, zero pollution, and microscopic synergistic fire suppression, this invention, based on interfacial chemical design, constructs a high-load fire extinguishing emulsion with water as the continuous phase and perfluorohexanone as the dispersed internal phase. Environmentally friendly non-fluorinated surfactants are used to stabilize the system, and a microscopic encapsulation structure enables precise delivery and synergistic fire suppression of the fire extinguishing components, forming an integrated and highly efficient perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing system.

[0029] The core mechanism of the integrated high-efficiency perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing system constructed in this invention can be mainly divided into the following three aspects: First, the delivery enhancement mechanism: the aqueous phase, as a continuous outer phase, forms a microscopic coating on perfluorohexanone, improving the overall momentum and thermal stability of the droplets, delaying the premature vaporization of perfluorohexanone when passing through the high-temperature flame plume, and enabling the droplets to overcome the thermal convection resistance of the fire scene and accurately penetrate to the root of the fire source; Second, the multi-component synergistic release control mechanism: after the emulsion reaches the core of the fire source, the aqueous phase comes into contact with the high temperature and undergoes violent flash evaporation, the droplets break up and trigger the explosive release of perfluorohexanone, achieving a high degree of synchronization between the physical cooling of water and the chemical inhibition of perfluorohexanone in the spatial and temporal dimensions; Third, the long-term temperature control mechanism: the high latent heat of vaporization of water provides continuous heat absorption capacity, making up for the deficiency of insufficient physical heat absorption of perfluorohexanone, and maintaining a low temperature state for a long time after fire extinguishing, reducing the risk of fire reignition.

[0030] The following is a detailed description with reference to specific embodiments: Example 1 A high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion includes an aqueous phase and perfluorohexanone loaded therein, wherein perfluorohexanone accounts for 80% of the total mass of the fire extinguishing emulsion, and the aqueous phase is composed of deionized water and cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB), with cocamidopropyl betaine accounting for 0.5% of the total mass of the fire extinguishing emulsion.

[0031] Specifically, the fire extinguishing emulsion, by mass percentage, consists of the following components: Perfluorohexanone (C6F) 12 O) 80% (as the internal dispersed phase), deionized water (resistivity 18.25 MΩ·cm) 19.5%, cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB) 0.5% (as an emulsion stabilizer).

[0032] A one-step ultrasonic emulsification method was used to prepare a high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion, comprising the following steps: (1) Preparation of aqueous phase: Add cocamidopropyl betaine to deionized water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain a homogeneous aqueous phase; (2) Crude emulsion mixing: Perfluorohexanone is slowly added dropwise to the aqueous phase and stirred continuously at low speed to form a crude emulsion; (3) Ultrasonic refinement: The crude emulsion is placed in an ultrasonic cell disruptor and ultrasonically treated for 2 minutes at 300W power to obtain a stable high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion (labeled as Emulsion).

[0033] Example 2 Unlike Example 1, the high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion is composed of the following components by mass percentage: perfluorohexanone (C6F... 12 The ingredients were 70% O, 29.9% deionized water, and 0.1% cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB). The preparation method was the same as in Example 1.

[0034] Example 3 Unlike Example 1, the high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion is composed of the following components by mass percentage: perfluorohexanone (C6F... 12 The ingredients were 85% O, 13% deionized water, and 2% cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB). The preparation method was the same as in Example 1.

[0035] Example 4 Unlike Example 1, the high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion is composed of the following components by mass percentage: perfluorohexanone (C6F... 12 The ingredients were 60% O, 39% deionized water, and 1% cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB). The preparation method was the same as in Example 1.

[0036] Example 5 Unlike Example 1, cocamidopropyl betaine was replaced in equal amounts with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 9 (AEO9), alkyl glycosides (APGs), Tween 80, and rhamnolipid.

[0037] During their research, the inventors discovered that the surfactants in Example 5 could all successfully prepare perfluorohexanone-loaded emulsions. This is essentially determined by the fundamental principles of emulsion formation, the molecular structural characteristics of perfluorohexanone itself, the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance compatibility of the surfactants, and the auxiliary effect of high-energy emulsification processes. Different ionic types of surfactants can achieve droplet coating and anti-agglomeration through their respective stabilization mechanisms. The specific reasons can be elaborated from the following aspects: (1) Phase separation basis: The perfluorohexanone-water system naturally possesses the prerequisites for emulsification. The core prerequisite for emulsion formation is that the two phases are immiscible. Perfluorohexanone is a typical hydrophobic fluorocarbon liquid, completely immiscible with water. In this system, water is the continuous phase and perfluorohexanone is the dispersed internal phase, belonging to the oil-in-water (O / W) type emulsion, which naturally meets the phase separation conditions for emulsion formation. As long as the surfactant has a typical amphiphilic structure (hydrophilic end + hydrophobic end) and can be directionally adsorbed at the oil-water interface, it has the basic ability to form an emulsion.

[0038] (2) The weak polarity of perfluorohexanone allows it to undergo interfacial adsorption with hydrocarbon surfactants. Perfluorohexanone (C6F) 12 O) is not a completely nonpolar perfluoroalkane. It contains a polar ketone carbonyl group (C=O) in its molecule. Its dipole moment is significantly higher than that of perfluorohexane and other perfluoroalkanes. It belongs to the weakly polar fluorocarbon oil phase.

[0039] In addition to van der Waals dispersion forces, the hydrophobic carbon chains of hydrocarbon surfactants and perfluorohexanone can generate sufficient adsorption driving force through dipole-induced dipole interactions and hydrophobic effects. This allows the hydrophobic end of the surfactant to anchor on the surface of the perfluorohexanone droplet, while the hydrophilic end extends into the aqueous phase, forming an oriented adsorption layer at the interface, effectively reducing the oil-water interfacial tension.

[0040] Although fluorocarbon surfactants have higher interfacial activity with fluorocarbon oil phases, hydrocarbon surfactants can provide sufficient interfacial adsorption strength to meet the basic requirements for emulsion formation and stability.

[0041] (3) HLB value matching: All surfactants are matched to the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance of the oil-in-water emulsion. The formation of stable O / W emulsions typically requires surfactants with HLB values ​​between 8 and 18. Specifically, nonionic surfactants include APGs (HLB≈14), AEO9 (HLB≈13), and Tween80 (HLB≈15), which fall within the optimal HLB range for O / W emulsions; anionic surfactants include SDS (HLB≈40, strongly hydrophilic) and rhamnolipids (HLB≈10~15); cationic surfactants include CTAB (HLB≈15); and amphoteric surfactants include CAB (HLB≈12).

[0042] The interaction between the hydrophilic end and the aqueous phase is strong enough to maintain the directional adsorption of surfactants at the interface and prevent them from easily desorbing from the oil-water interface, thus ensuring the basic stability of the interfacial film.

[0043] (4) Complementary stabilization mechanisms: Different types of surfactants can prevent droplet aggregation through corresponding actions. Although they are of different ion types, all kinds of surfactants can prevent droplet collision and aggregation and maintain the dispersion state of emulsion through electrostatic repulsion, steric hindrance, or a combination of both: Nonionic surfactants (APGs, AEO9, Tween80): rely on the thick hydration layer formed by hydrophilic groups (glycosidic bonds, polyoxyethylene chains) in the aqueous phase to prevent droplets from approaching and agglomerating through steric hindrance; they are not sensitive to pH and ionic strength and have a wide range of compatibility.

[0044] Anionic surfactants (SDS, rhamnolipids): After the hydrophilic end (sulfonate, carboxylate) is ionized, the surface of the droplet becomes negatively charged, which hinders the aggregation of the droplet through electrostatic repulsion; as a biological glycolipid surfactant, rhamnolipids also have a certain steric hindrance effect.

[0045] Cationic surfactants (CTAB): The hydrophilic end of the quaternary ammonium salt ionizes to make the droplet positively charged, and it is also stabilized by electrostatic repulsion. The long carbon chain of hexadecyl provides sufficient interfacial adsorption strength.

[0046] Amphoteric surfactants (CAB): Betaine structures carry both positive and negative charges, maintain surface activity over a wide pH range, and possess both electrostatic repulsion and weak steric hindrance, resulting in excellent interfacial compatibility.

[0047] This embodiment uses a 300W ultrasonic cell disruptor for emulsification, which is a typical high-energy emulsification process. This further lowers the threshold for emulsification based on surfactant type and interfacial activity: the ultrasonic cavitation effect can instantly break perfluorohexanone into micron-sized or even submicron-sized droplets, rapidly generating a large number of new interfaces; the high energy input accelerates the diffusion and adsorption of surfactant molecules to the new interfaces, and even if the affinity of some surfactants for perfluorohexanone is not optimal, interface coating can be completed quickly, preventing droplet re-aggregation; the Brownian motion of small-diameter droplets is stronger, and the sedimentation and aggregation rates are significantly slowed down, improving the initial emulsification success rate.

[0048] Comparative Example 1 Unlike Example 1, the extinguishing emulsion is pure perfluorohexanone (labeled C6F). 12 O).

[0049] Performance testing: Using a standard fuel model (n-heptane), the performance of high-concentration C6F was evaluated through a pan fire suppression experiment. 12 The practical application effects of O emulsion systems, such as Figure 1 As shown. Compared with pure perfluorohexanone ( Figure 1 a (C6F) 12 Compared to Example 1), 0.5% CAB stabilized a high-load emulsion (O), Figure 1In Example 1 (b), the complete extinguishing time was reduced from 10.02s to 9.82s, and the agent consumption was reduced from 85g to 79g, resulting in a saving of approximately 7% in agent usage. This demonstrates that the emulsion system achieves the goal of "improving efficiency and reducing dosage" through effective encapsulation and delivery.

[0050] The emulsions prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were used to extinguish a n-heptane oil pool fire. During the experiment, three temperature monitoring points were set up vertically along the fuel: T1 was positioned 2 cm above the fuel surface, T2 was positioned 10 cm above the surface, and T3 was positioned 20 cm above the surface. Real-time temperature data from each monitoring point was collected and recorded simultaneously, and curves showing the temperature change over time at different heights in the fire were obtained. The results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown; the temperature cooling rate curves at different heights in the fire were obtained, and the results are as follows. Figure 3 As shown in the image. A comparison of infrared thermal imaging of the fire extinguishing processes of pure perfluorohexanone and emulsion is presented. Figure 4 As shown, this illustrates the distribution of the agent and the evolution of the temperature field during the spraying process.

[0051] C6F 12 O exhibits a smooth temperature decay curve ( Figure 2 a), reflecting its single chemical inhibition process. In contrast, the temperature curve of the emulsion system exhibits obvious sawtooth fluctuations ( Figure 2 b). When emulsion droplets come into contact with a high-temperature flame or fuel surface, the aqueous phase undergoes violent "flash evaporation," accompanied by turbulence caused by rapid volume expansion, resulting in severe local temperature oscillations.

[0052] Thermal images and temperature change rate curves further elucidated the release mechanism during the fire extinguishing process. For example... Figure 4 As shown in a, C6F 12 The formation of a distinct gas-phase vortex during the spraying process indicates that C6F 12 O is highly susceptible to interference from flame-induced buoyancy, leading to spatial deflection and difficulty in effectively penetrating the flame substrate. In contrast, emulsion systems exhibit a significant advantage in flame penetration. Figure 4 b). Water in the emulsion acts as a carrier. On one hand, it imparts higher inertia to the droplets, enabling them to overcome the resistance of hot airflow. On the other hand, it slows down the C6F... 12 The instantaneous vaporization rate of O ultimately delivers the encapsulated agent to the bottom of the flame. For example... Figure 3 As shown in a and 3b, the cooling rate fluctuation of the emulsion group at T3 (flame substrate) is significantly greater than that of C6F. 12 O, further verifying that the water carrier effectively solved the C6F problem. 12 The challenge of reaching the flame base due to thermal buoyancy. Pure C6F 12The negative derivative peak of O is steep and deep, but narrow, indicating that its fire extinguishing effect mainly relies on instantaneous chemical inhibition. The negative peak intensity of the emulsion is smaller, but the sustained cooling interval is significantly wider, indicating that it maintains a high-intensity endothermic state after fire extinguishing.

[0053] The mean and variance of the cooling rate were further analyzed. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the large error bars and average fluctuation of the emulsion group objectively quantify the physical disturbance caused by water flash evaporation, which is key to breaking the flame gas flow barrier. After 120 s, when C6F 12 When the cooling rate of O approaches zero, a secondary cooling peak appears in the emulsion group. This strongly supports our "transport mechanism" hypothesis: water acts as a carrier, precisely transporting C6F... 12 O is delivered to the flame base to achieve sustained and deep heat absorption and cooling.

[0054] The embodiments of this invention use betaine-based non-fluorinated environmentally friendly surfactants, which have no persistent environmental toxicity, and can replace traditional fluorinated surfactants; for example... Figure 6 As shown, the fire extinguishing emulsions shown in Examples 1-4 can remain stable after standing at room temperature for 3 months; the core fire extinguishing component perfluorohexanone has an ODP of 0, a GWP of only 1, and an atmospheric lifetime of only 5 days, which meets environmental protection requirements.

[0055] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion, characterized in that, The product includes an aqueous phase and perfluorohexanone loaded therein, wherein the aqueous phase consists of deionized water and an emulsion stabilizer. The perfluorohexanone accounts for 60-85% of the total mass of the fire extinguishing emulsion; The emulsifying stabilizer accounts for 0.1-2% of the total mass of the fire extinguishing emulsion; The emulsifying stabilizer is selected from one or more of the following: cocamidopropyl betaine, sodium dodecyl sulfate, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 9, alkyl glycoside, Tween 80, and rhamnolipid.

2. The high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The perfluorohexanone accounts for 70-85% of the total mass of the fire extinguishing emulsion; The emulsifying stabilizer accounts for 0.1-1% of the total mass of the fire extinguishing emulsion; The emulsifying stabilizer is selected from cocamidopropyl betaine.

3. The high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The perfluorohexanone accounts for 80% of the total mass of the fire extinguishing emulsion, and the cocamidopropyl betaine accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the fire extinguishing emulsion.

4. A method for preparing a high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Add the emulsifying stabilizer to deionized water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain the aqueous phase; Perfluorohexanone was added to the aqueous phase and stirred continuously to obtain a crude emulsion; The crude emulsion is subjected to ultrasonic emulsification to obtain a high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion.

5. The preparation method of the high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The emulsification process is selected from one of the following: ultrasonic cell disruption emulsification, high-speed shear emulsification, high-pressure homogenization emulsification, and colloid mill emulsification.

6. The preparation method of the high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The ultrasonic emulsification process is selected from ultrasonic cell disruption emulsification.

7. The preparation method of the high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The ultrasonic cell disruption and emulsification method has a power of 200-400 W and a time of 2-5 min.

8. The application of a high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion according to any one of claims 1-3 in liquid fires, solid fires and electrical equipment fires.

9. The application as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Liquids involved in liquid fires include hydrocarbon liquids.

10. A fire extinguishing method for a high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion, characterized in that, The high-load perfluorohexanone environmentally friendly fire extinguishing emulsion according to any one of claims 1-3 is sprayed on liquid fires, solid fires, and electrical equipment fires.

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