A centrifugal extractor with annular gap type high shear reinforced mass transfer

Abstract

The application relates to a centrifugal extraction machine with annular gap type high-shear reinforced mass transfer, belonging to the technical field of extraction devices.The centrifugal extraction machine comprises an outer shell, a rotating drum coaxially arranged in the outer shell and a rotating shaft, a driving device arranged at the top end of the outer shell, the driving device being used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate the rotating drum in the outer shell, the rotating drum being used for realizing the separation of heavy phase and light phase, an annular gap type feeding cavity arranged between the outer shell and the rotating drum, a material guiding hole arranged at the bottom of the rotating drum and communicated with the annular gap type feeding cavity, feeding ports arranged on the two side walls of the outer shell and communicated with the annular gap type feeding cavity, high-shear assemblies arranged in the annular gap type feeding cavities on the two sides of the rotating drum and arranged below the corresponding feeding ports.The centrifugal extraction machine has the advantages of simple structure, high-shear reinforced mass transfer of liquid-liquid two phases which are not mutually soluble in the annular gap type feeding cavity, increased contact area of the two phases, accelerated interface renewal rate, reduced mass transfer resistance, improved mass transfer efficiency and separation effect of the centrifugal extraction machine with annular gap type.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of extraction apparatus technology, and more specifically, to a centrifugal extractor with annular gap-type high shear-enhanced mass transfer. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid-liquid extraction is a key technology that separates solutes based on differences in solubility in immiscible solvents. Centrifugal extractors, integrating mixing, mass transfer, and centrifugal separation functions, have become one of the mainstream equipment due to their advantages such as strong centrifugal force field, short contact time between the two phases, and small material retention. Among them, the annular gap centrifugal extractor uses the annular gap formed by the rotating drum and the fixed shell as the core mixing and mass transfer area. It achieves two-phase mixing by generating shear force through the high-speed rotation of the drum, and then uses centrifugal force to complete the separation of light and heavy phases. It has been widely used in many industrial fields.

[0003] However, existing annular centrifugal extractors still have significant technical bottlenecks: First, the limited mixing intensity leads to slow mass transfer interface renewal and insufficient mass transfer efficiency, requiring multiple stages in series to increase investment and energy consumption; Second, local uneven mixing and secondary mixing are prone to occur within the annular space, which exacerbates emulsification, affects the separation effect, and increases solvent entrainment loss.

[0004] With increasing demands for separation efficiency, product purity, and environmental protection in the industrial sector, there is an urgent need for an annular gap centrifugal extractor that can enhance mass transfer while maintaining mixing and separation balance, reducing energy consumption, and optimizing interface control. Therefore, overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies and developing a novel annular gap high-shear enhanced mass transfer centrifugal extractor has become a pressing technical problem in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to propose an annular gap high-shear enhanced mass transfer centrifugal extractor. In the annular gap feed chamber, a high-shear component is used to shear and disperse the immiscible liquid-liquid phases to ensure sufficient mass transfer. In addition, a baffle plate is used to extend the mass transfer time between the two phases, thereby increasing the contact area between the two phases, accelerating the phase interface renewal rate, reducing the mass transfer resistance, and thus improving the mass transfer efficiency and separation effect of the annular gap centrifugal extractor.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A centrifugal extractor with annular gap-type high shear-enhanced mass transfer includes a shell and a rotating drum and a rotating shaft coaxially disposed within the shell. A drive device is located at the top of the shell and is connected to the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft and rotate the rotating drum within the shell. The bottom of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the shell. The rotating drum is used to separate the heavy phase and the light phase, and the separated heavy and light phases are discharged through heavy phase outlets and light phase outlets respectively provided on the shell. An annular gap-type feed chamber is provided between the shell and the rotating drum, and the bottom of the rotating drum is provided with... The guide hole is connected to the annular feeding chamber. The two side walls of the outer shell are respectively provided with feed inlets connected to the annular feeding chamber. The immiscible liquid-liquid two phases enter the annular feeding chamber from the two feed inlets respectively. The annular feeding chambers on both sides of the rotating drum are provided with high shear components. The high shear components are located below the corresponding side feed inlets. The high shear components include at least one set of rotors and stators. The stator is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell, and the rotor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating drum. The stator and rotor are configured with a clearance fit.

[0007] Preferably, the meshing gap between the stator and rotor in the high-shear assembly is 0.1~3.0mm to achieve sufficient shearing and dispersion of the material.

[0008] Preferably, multiple sets of high-shear components are symmetrically arranged from top to bottom in the annular feeding chambers on both sides of the rotary drum, which helps to improve shearing efficiency and ensure shearing effect.

[0009] Preferably, multiple sets of high-shear components are symmetrically arranged along the rotation axis in the annular feeding chamber below the rotary drum, and each set of high-shear components below the rotary drum includes multiple sets of rotors and stators arranged in a staggered manner, which is beneficial to further improve the shearing efficiency and ensure the shearing effect.

[0010] Preferably, each high-shear assembly below the rotating drum includes three sets of rotors and stators, which helps to further improve shearing efficiency and ensure shearing effect.

[0011] Preferably, the drive device is a variable frequency motor, and the output shaft of the variable frequency motor is connected to the rotating shaft through a coupling. This configuration allows the variable frequency motor to drive the rotating shaft to rotate at a set speed.

[0012] Preferably, a baffle plate is provided inside the rotating drum. The baffle plate is fixedly connected to the lower part of the rotating shaft and is positioned above the feed guide hole. This arrangement is used to block the upward flow velocity of the two-phase solution, thereby further prolonging the mass transfer time between the two phases and accelerating the two-phase solution to the rotating shaft speed.

[0013] Preferably, the rotating drum has a heavy phase outlet at its top center and a light phase guide port on its upper side wall. The inner side wall of the rotating drum has a light phase guide box connected to the light phase guide port. A heavy phase outlet channel is provided between the outer side wall of the light phase guide box and the inner wall of the rotating drum. The top of the light phase guide box is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the bottom of the light phase guide box has a light phase outlet coaxial with the rotating shaft. This configuration allows the rotating drum to rotate via the rotating shaft. After centrifugal separation, the denser liquid phase adheres tightly to the rotating drum and is sequentially led out through the heavy phase outlet channel and then through the heavy phase outlet to the heavy phase outlet for discharge. The lighter liquid phase, located near the rotating shaft, enters the light phase guide box through the light phase outlet and then through the light phase guide port to the light phase outlet for discharge.

[0014] Preferably, the upper end of the inner side of the outer shell is provided with a first guide cone and a second guide cone from top to bottom. The top end of the first guide cone is rotatably and sealingly connected to the outer wall of the top end of the rotating cylinder, and the bottom end of the first guide cone is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell. A heavy phase collection chamber is formed between the first guide cone and the outer shell, and the heavy phase outlet is connected to the bottom of the heavy phase collection chamber. The upper end of the second guide cone is correspondingly arranged to the lower edge of the light phase guide port, and the upper end of the second guide cone is rotatably and sealingly connected to the outer wall of the rotating cylinder. The lower end of the second guide cone is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell, and a light phase collection chamber is formed between the second guide cone and the outer shell. The light phase outlet is connected to the bottom of the light phase collection chamber. This arrangement is used to guide the heavy phase from the heavy phase inlet to the heavy phase outlet, and to guide the light phase from the light phase guide port to the light phase outlet.

[0015] The present invention also includes other components that enable its normal use, all of which are conventional means in the art. In addition, devices or components not limited in the present invention, such as variable frequency motors and rotating drums, all adopt existing technologies in the art.

[0016] The working principle of this invention is that immiscible liquid-liquid two phases enter the annular feeding chamber through two feed ports respectively. After being fully sheared and mass transferred by the high shear component, the two phases of material with sufficient mass transfer enter the rotating drum through the guide hole to achieve centrifugal phase separation. The denser liquid phase adheres tightly to the side wall of the rotating drum and is guided to the heavy phase outlet for discharge, while the less dense liquid phase is located near the rotating shaft and is guided to the light phase outlet for discharge.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: The invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It enables immiscible liquid-liquid two phases to achieve high shear enhanced mass transfer in the annular gap feed chamber, thereby increasing the contact area between the two phases, accelerating the phase interface renewal rate, reducing the mass transfer resistance, and thus improving the mass transfer efficiency and separation effect of the annular gap centrifugal extractor. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention in Embodiment 1.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the connection structure between the light phase guide box and the rotating cylinder in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the first guide cone, the second guide cone, and the rotating cylinder in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the diagram. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The invention will now be clearly described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This description is merely for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort to obtain all other embodiments should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0023] Example like Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides an annular gap type high shear enhanced mass transfer centrifugal extractor, including a shell 2 and a rotating drum 3 and a rotating shaft 4 coaxially disposed within the shell. A driving device 5 is provided at the top of the shell, and the driving device is connected to the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft and rotate the rotating drum within the shell. The bottom of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the shell. The rotating drum is used to separate the heavy phase and the light phase, and the separated heavy phase and light phase are discharged through a heavy phase outlet 6 and a light phase outlet 7 respectively provided on the shell. An annular gap type feed chamber 8 is provided between the shell and the rotating drum. The bottom of the drum is provided with a guide hole 9 that communicates with the annular feeding chamber. The two side walls of the outer shell are respectively provided with feed inlets 10 that communicate with the annular feeding chamber. The immiscible liquid-liquid phases enter the annular feeding chamber from the two feed inlets respectively. The annular feeding chambers on both sides of the drum are provided with high shear components 1. The high shear components are located below the corresponding feed inlets. The high shear components include a rotor 1-1 and a stator 1-2. The stator is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell, and the rotor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drum. The stator and rotor are configured with a clearance fit.

[0024] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1The high-shear assembly has a gear meshing gap of 0.1~3.0mm between the stator and rotor to achieve sufficient shearing and dispersion of the material. Specifically, three sets of high-shear assemblies are symmetrically arranged from top to bottom in the annular feeding chambers on both sides of the rotating drum, and two sets of high-shear assemblies are symmetrically arranged along the rotation axis in the annular feeding chamber below the rotating drum. Each set of high-shear assemblies below the rotating drum includes three sets of rotors and stators arranged in a staggered manner, which helps to further improve shearing efficiency and ensure shearing effect.

[0025] Following the above embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 The drive device uses a variable frequency motor, and the output shaft of the variable frequency motor is connected to the rotating shaft through a coupling. This configuration allows the variable frequency motor to drive the rotating shaft to rotate at a set speed.

[0026] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 A baffle plate 22 is provided inside the rotating drum. The baffle plate is fixedly connected to the lower part of the rotating shaft and is positioned above the feed guide hole. This arrangement is used to block the upward flow velocity of the two-phase solution, thereby further prolonging the mass transfer time between the two phases and accelerating the two-phase solution to the rotating shaft speed.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the top center of the rotating drum is provided with a heavy phase outlet 11, and the upper side wall of the rotating drum is provided with a light phase guide port 12. The inner side wall of the rotating drum is provided with a light phase guide box 13 that communicates with the light phase guide port. A heavy phase outlet channel 14 is left between the outer side wall of the light phase guide box and the inner wall of the rotating drum. The top of the light phase guide box is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the bottom of the light phase guide box is provided with a light phase outlet 15 that is coaxial with the rotating shaft. This configuration can drive the rotating drum to rotate through the rotating shaft, so that after the two phases of material in the rotating drum are separated by centrifugation, the denser liquid phase adheres tightly to the rotating drum and is led out through the heavy phase outlet channel and heavy phase outlet to the heavy phase outlet for discharge. The less dense liquid phase is located near the rotating shaft, enters the light phase guide box through the light phase outlet, and is then led out through the light phase guide port to the light phase outlet for discharge.

[0028] More specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the upper part of the inner side of the outer shell is provided with a first guide cone 16 and a second guide cone 17 from top to bottom. The top end of the first guide cone is rotatably and sealingly connected to the outer wall of the top end of the rotating cylinder through an O-ring rubber seal 18, and the bottom end of the first guide cone is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell. A heavy phase collection chamber 19 is formed between the first guide cone and the outer shell, and the heavy phase outlet is connected to the bottom of the heavy phase collection chamber. The upper end of the second guide cone is correspondingly arranged to the lower edge of the light phase guide port, and the upper end of the second guide cone is rotatably and sealingly connected to the outer wall of the rotating cylinder through an O-ring rubber seal 20. The lower end of the second guide cone is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell, and a light phase collection chamber 21 is formed between the second guide cone and the outer shell, and the light phase outlet is connected to the bottom of the light phase collection chamber. This arrangement is used to guide the heavy phase from the heavy phase inlet to the heavy phase outlet, and to guide the light phase from the light phase guide port to the light phase outlet.

[0029] The working principle of this invention is that immiscible liquid-liquid two phases enter the annular feeding chamber through two feed ports respectively. After being fully sheared and transferred by the high shear component, the mass transfer time of the two phases is further extended by the baffle plate. The two phases with sufficient mass transfer enter the rotating drum through the guide hole to achieve centrifugal phase separation. The denser liquid phase adheres to the side wall of the rotating drum and is guided to the heavy phase outlet for discharge, while the less dense liquid phase is located near the rotating shaft and is guided to the light phase outlet for discharge.

[0030] Through the above embodiments, immiscible liquid-liquid two phases can achieve high shear-enhanced mass transfer in the annular gap feed chamber, thereby increasing the contact area between the two phases, accelerating the phase interface renewal rate, reducing mass transfer resistance, and thus improving the mass transfer efficiency and separation effect of the annular gap centrifugal extractor.

[0031] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A centrifugal extractor with annular gap-type high shear-enhanced mass transfer, comprising a shell and a rotating drum and a rotating shaft coaxially disposed within the shell, wherein a driving device is disposed at the top of the shell, the driving device being tractively connected to the rotating shaft for driving the rotating shaft to rotate the rotating drum within the shell, the bottom of the rotating shaft being rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the shell, the rotating drum being used to separate the heavy phase and the light phase, and the separated heavy phase and light phase being discharged externally through a heavy phase outlet and a light phase outlet respectively disposed on the shell, characterized in that: An annular feeding chamber is provided between the outer shell and the rotating drum. The bottom of the rotating drum is provided with a guide hole communicating with the annular feeding chamber. Feed inlets communicating with the annular feeding chamber are correspondingly provided on the two side walls of the outer shell. Immiscible liquid-liquid phases enter the annular feeding chamber from the two feed inlets respectively. High shear components are provided in the annular feeding chambers on both sides of the rotating drum. The high shear components are located below the corresponding side feed inlets and include at least one set of rotors and stators. The stator is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell, and the rotor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating drum. The stator and rotor are configured with a clearance fit.

2. The centrifugal extractor with annular gap high shear enhanced mass transfer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fitting clearance between the stator and rotor in the high-shear assembly is 0.1~3.0 mm.

3. The centrifugal extractor with annular gap high shear enhanced mass transfer according to claim 2, characterized in that: Multiple sets of high-shear components are symmetrically arranged in the annular feeding chambers on both sides of the rotating drum, corresponding one-to-one from top to bottom.

4. The annular gap type high shear enhanced mass transfer centrifugal extractor according to claim 3, characterized in that: Multiple sets of high-shear components are symmetrically arranged along the rotation axis in the annular feeding chamber below the rotating drum, and each set of high-shear components below the rotating drum includes multiple sets of rotors and stators arranged in a staggered manner.

5. A centrifugal extractor with annular gap-type high shear-enhanced mass transfer according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each high-shear assembly below the rotating drum includes three sets of rotors and stators.

6. The centrifugal extractor with annular gap high shear enhanced mass transfer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive device uses a variable frequency motor, and the output shaft of the variable frequency motor is connected to the rotating shaft through a coupling.

7. The centrifugal extractor with annular gap-type high shear-enhanced mass transfer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A baffle plate is provided inside the rotating drum. The baffle plate is fixedly connected to the lower part of the rotating shaft and is positioned above the material guide hole.

8. A centrifugal extractor with annular gap-type high shear-enhanced mass transfer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The top center of the rotating drum is provided with a heavy phase outlet, and the upper side wall of the rotating drum is provided with a light phase guide port. The inner side wall of the rotating drum is provided with a light phase guide box that communicates with the light phase guide port. A heavy phase outlet channel is left between the outer side wall of the light phase guide box and the inner wall of the rotating drum. The top of the light phase guide box is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the bottom of the light phase guide box is provided with a light phase outlet that is coaxial with the rotating shaft.

9. A centrifugal extractor with annular gap-type high shear-enhanced mass transfer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper part of the inner side of the outer shell is provided with a first guide cone and a second guide cone from top to bottom. The top end of the first guide cone is rotatably and sealingly connected to the outer wall of the top end of the rotating cylinder, and the bottom end of the first guide cone is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell. The first guide cone and the outer shell form a heavy phase collection chamber. The heavy phase outlet is connected to the bottom of the heavy phase collection chamber. The upper end of the second guide cone is correspondingly set to the lower edge of the light phase guide port. The upper end of the second guide cone is rotatably and sealingly connected to the outer wall of the rotating cylinder. The lower end of the second guide cone is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell. The second guide cone and the outer shell form a light phase collection chamber. The light phase outlet is connected to the bottom of the light phase collection chamber.

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