Intelligent integrated treatment equipment and treatment process for harmful exhaust gas

Abstract

The application provides a harmful waste gas intelligent integrated treatment device and treatment process, and relates to the technical field of environmental protection engineering construction. The harmful waste gas intelligent integrated treatment device comprises a tower body, a filler tray, a cyclone tray and an adjusting assembly. A tower type laminated structure is adopted to vertically integrate multiple waste gas treatment units, the filler tray and the cyclone tray are integrated into one tower body, and the floor area is saved. The waste gas is first subjected to the cyclone tray to pre-separate particulate matters such as dust, crystals or sticky substances in the waste gas, and the subsequent treatment load is reduced. The waste gas is subjected to the filler tray after the flow rate is reduced by the adjusting assembly, so as to separate gaseous pollutants and fine particulate matters in the waste gas, so that the advantages of the filler type spray tower and the cyclone type spray tower are considered, the filler tray is prevented from being blocked to a certain extent, the system pressure drop is inhibited from rising, and the purification efficiency of the waste gas is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental engineering construction technology, and in particular to an intelligent integrated treatment equipment and process for harmful waste gas. Background Technology

[0002] The purification and treatment of hazardous industrial waste gases is a crucial aspect of air pollution prevention and control and environmental protection projects. Waste gases containing dust and gaseous pollutants generated in various industrial production processes must undergo treatment to meet standards before being discharged. Currently, waste gas purification often employs a multi-stage combined process, including spray scrubbing, dry filtration, and activated carbon adsorption, to achieve deep removal of pollutants. Among these, scrubbing towers are widely used core treatment devices in waste gas purification systems, with the mainstream structures mainly including packed spray towers and cyclone spray towers.

[0003] Packed spray towers use Pall rings, multi-faceted hollow spheres, and other packing materials to form the core mass transfer layer. When the waste gas flows counter-currently through the moist packing layer, the pollutants and the absorbent liquid fully contact, react, or dissolve on the surface of the packing material. This results in excellent chemical mass transfer performance in gaseous pollutant purification scenarios such as desulfurization, denitrification, deodorization, and VOCs absorption. However, the narrow gaps between the packing layers make them prone to clogging when treating waste gas containing dust, crystals, or sticky substances, leading to a sudden increase in system pressure drop and a decrease in purification efficiency.

[0004] Cyclone spray towers, also known as cyclone plate towers, use cyclone plates with inclined blades as their core components. When waste gas passes through the cyclone plates, it rotates at high speed. It relies on centrifugal separation and inertial collision to throw droplets and particles toward the tower wall to achieve separation. It has the advantages of low pressure drop, strong anti-clogging ability, and wide operational flexibility. It is well adapted to waste gas containing dust, crystals, or sticky substances. However, this type of tower mainly relies on physical separation, and the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency is relatively weak. Its purification effect on gaseous pollutants and the precision of removing fine particulate matter are limited.

[0005] The information disclosed in the background section of this invention is intended only to enhance the understanding of the general background of this invention, and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an intelligent integrated treatment device and process for harmful waste gas to address the problems existing in current spray towers.

[0007] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions: An intelligent integrated treatment device for harmful waste gases, comprising: The tower body has an air inlet pipe at the bottom through which exhaust gas enters the tower body, and an air outlet at the top of the tower body; a spray pipe at the top of the tower body is used to spray absorbent liquid into the tower body, and a liquid outlet at the bottom of the tower body. The packing disc is located on the upper side of the tower body and below the spray pipe; multiple packing discs are arranged at equal intervals, and each packing disc is equipped with a liquid distributor below it. The swirl plate is located on the lower side of the tower body and below all the packing plates. The exhaust gas rotates when it passes through the swirl plate. At least two swirl plates are arranged at equal intervals, and a liquid distributor is provided between two adjacent swirl plates. The regulating component is located between the lowermost stuffing disc and the uppermost swirl disc. After the exhaust gas passes through the uppermost swirl disc, the regulating component is used to reduce the flow rate of the exhaust gas.

[0008] Furthermore, the regulating components include a fan and a return pipe. The fan has an inlet end and an outlet end. The inlet end of the fan is connected to an external air storage unit, and the outlet end of the fan is connected to one end of the inlet pipe. The other end of the inlet pipe is connected to the lower side of the tower body. The two ends of the return pipe are a first end and a second end, respectively. The first end of the return pipe is connected to the inlet end of the fan, and the second end of the return pipe is connected to the tower body. The connection position is located between the lowermost packing disc and the uppermost swirl disc.

[0009] Furthermore, a support shaft is provided on the lower side of the tower body, and all swirl disks and liquid distributors between two adjacent swirl disks are located on the support shaft; a first opening and a second opening are provided on the upper side of the tower body, with the uppermost packing disk and the liquid distributor below it facing the first opening, and the lowermost packing disk and the liquid distributor below it facing the second opening; all packing disks and the liquid distributors below each packing disk are stacked sequentially on the support shaft, and each packing disk and the liquid distributor below it is provided with a spacer opposite to the support shaft, the spacer being used to space adjacent packing disks and liquid distributors apart; the tower body is also provided with a pin, which can be inserted into or pulled out of the tower body, and when the pin is inserted into the tower body, the pin is located between the lowermost packing disk and the liquid distributor above it.

[0010] Furthermore, the swirl disk includes an inner ring, an outer ring, and multiple swirl plates disposed between the inner and outer rings. The inner ring is sleeved on a support shaft, and a connecting rod is provided between the inner and outer rings. The multiple swirl plates are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner and outer rings, and the swirl plates form a first angle with the horizontal plane. The inner side of the swirl plate is rotatably connected to the inner ring and forms a first rotating shaft, and the outer side of the swirl plate is rotatably connected to the outer ring and forms a second rotating shaft. The first and second rotating shafts are collinear and both are arranged radially along the inner and outer rings. When the swirl plates rotate around the first and second rotating shafts, the size of the first angle can be changed. The swirl disk is provided with a driving assembly, which is used to make the swirl plates rotate around the first and second rotating shafts.

[0011] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a rotating ring, a sliding member, and a guide member. The rotating ring and the outer ring are coaxially arranged and rotatably connected. Multiple sliding members and guide members are provided, each corresponding to one of the multiple swirl plates. The sliding member is located on the rotating ring and slides in cooperation with the guide member. The guide member is located on the surface of the swirl plate near the rotating ring, and the trajectory direction of the guide member is along the circumference or tangential direction of the outer ring. A locking member is provided between the rotating ring and the outer ring. The locking member has a locked state and an unlocked state. When it is in the locked state, the locking member restricts the relative rotation between the rotating ring and the outer ring. When it is in the unlocked state, the locking member allows the relative rotation between the rotating ring and the outer ring.

[0012] Furthermore, the locking element is a bolt and is threadedly connected to the swivel ring. When in the locked state, the end of the locking element abuts against the outer ring; when in the unlocked state, the end of the locking element disengages from the outer ring.

[0013] Furthermore, multiple third openings are provided on the lower side of the tower body, and multiple swirl disks correspond one-to-one with multiple third openings. The distance between two adjacent swirl disks is greater than the distance between two adjacent packing disks. The inner ring includes two inner semicircular rings, which are hinged together and have a first hinge axis. The outer ring includes two outer semicircular rings, which are hinged together and have a second hinge axis. The first hinge axis and the second hinge axis are collinear and both are arranged radially along the inner and outer rings. The two inner semicircular rings each have a first notch on the side away from the first hinge axis, and the two outer semicircular rings each have a second notch on the side away from the second hinge axis.

[0014] This invention also provides the following technical solutions: A process for treating hazardous waste gas includes the following steps: The spray pipe sprays the absorbent liquid into the tower, and the exhaust gas enters the tower through the inlet pipe. The exhaust gas meets the absorbent liquid on the cyclone plate, and the absorbent liquid pre-treats the exhaust gas. After the flow rate of the exhaust gas is reduced by the regulating component, it meets the absorbent liquid on the packing disc, and the absorbent liquid further treats the exhaust gas. The treated waste gas is discharged through the gas outlet, and the absorbent liquid is discharged through the liquid outlet.

[0015] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The multi-stage waste gas treatment unit adopts a tower-type stacked structure, vertically integrating the packing disc and cyclone disc into a single tower body, saving floor space. The waste gas first passes through the cyclone disc to pre-separate particulate matter such as dust, crystals, or sticky substances, reducing the load on subsequent treatment. After the waste gas flow rate is reduced by the regulating component, it passes through the packing disc to separate gaseous pollutants and fine particulate matter. This design combines the advantages of both packed spray towers and cyclone spray towers, effectively separating particulate matter such as dust, crystals, or sticky substances, as well as gaseous pollutants and fine particulate matter from the waste gas. This also helps to prevent the packing disc from clogging, suppress the increase in system pressure drop, and ensure the purification efficiency of the waste gas. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent integrated treatment device for harmful waste gas provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial sectional view; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the tower; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tower structure; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 6 Top view of the swirl disk; Figure 7 Bottom view of the cyclone disk; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 9 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the state during the folding process of the vortex disk; Figure 10 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the state of the vortex disk after folding is complete.

[0017] in: 100. Tower body; 101. Packing tray; 102. Swirl plate; 103. Air inlet pipe; 104. Air outlet; 105. Spray pipe; 106. Liquid distributor; 107. Demisting assembly; 108. Liquid storage tank; 109. Circulation pump; 110. Inspection window; 111. Fan; 112. Return pipe; 113. Support shaft; 114. First opening; 115. Second opening; 116. Spacer; 117. Pin; 118. Support ring; 119. Sleeve; 120. Inner ring; 121. Outer ring; 122. Swirl plate; 123. Connecting rod; 124. First rotating shaft; 125. Second rotating shaft; 126. Rotating ring; 127. Sliding element; 128. Guide element; 129. Locking element; 130. Friction plate; 131. Third opening; 132. Inner semi-circular ring; 133. First hinge shaft; 134. Outer semi-circular ring; 135. Second hinge shaft; 136. First notch; 137. Second notch; 138. Arc plate. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0019] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this invention, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0020] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an intelligent integrated treatment device for harmful waste gas, including a tower body 100, a packing disc 101, a swirl disc 102, and an adjustment assembly; the bottom of the tower body 100 is provided with an inlet pipe 103, through which waste gas enters the tower body 100, and the top of the tower body 100 is provided with an outlet 104; the top of the tower body 100 is provided with a spray pipe 105, which is used to spray absorbent liquid into the tower body 100, and the bottom of the tower body 100 is provided with a liquid outlet; the packing disc 101 is located on the upper side inside the tower body 100 and below the spray pipe 105; Multiple packing trays 101 are arranged at equal intervals, and each packing tray 101 is equipped with a liquid distributor 106 below it. Swirl plates 102 are located on the lower side inside the tower body 100 and below all packing trays 101. When the exhaust gas passes through the swirl plates 102, it rotates. At least two swirl plates 102 are arranged at equal intervals, and a liquid distributor 106 is provided between two adjacent swirl plates 102. An adjustment component is located between the lowermost packing tray 101 and the uppermost swirl plate 102. After the exhaust gas passes through the uppermost swirl plate 102, the adjustment component is used to reduce the flow rate of the exhaust gas.

[0022] The multi-stage waste gas treatment unit is vertically integrated using a tower-type stacked structure, integrating the packing disc 101 and the cyclone disc 102 into a single tower body 100, saving floor space. The waste gas first passes through the cyclone disc 102 to pre-separate particulate matter such as dust, crystals, or sticky substances, reducing the load on subsequent treatment. After the flow rate of the waste gas is reduced by the regulating component, it passes through the packing disc 101 to separate gaseous pollutants and fine particulate matter. This design combines the advantages of both packed spray towers and cyclone spray towers, effectively separating particulate matter such as dust, crystals, or sticky substances, as well as gaseous pollutants and fine particulate matter from the waste gas. This also helps to prevent the packing disc 101 from clogging, suppresses the increase in system pressure drop, and ensures the purification efficiency of the waste gas.

[0023] In addition, since the cyclone spray tower needs to be adapted to high-velocity exhaust gas and the packed spray tower needs to be adapted to low-to-high-velocity exhaust gas, after the exhaust gas passes through the uppermost cyclone plate 102, the regulating component reduces the flow rate of the exhaust gas, so that the exhaust gas can pass through the packed plate 101 and the cyclone plate 102 at appropriate flow rates respectively.

[0024] The tower body 100 is also equipped with a demister assembly 107, which is located on the upper side of the tower body 100, specifically between the spray pipe 105 and the air outlet 104. The demister assembly 107 separates and removes absorbent droplets carried in the rising exhaust gas flow, preventing liquid from being carried by the gas phase and causing liquid accumulation, corrosion, or pollutant escape in subsequent pipelines and treatment equipment, thus ensuring stable exhaust and reliable system operation. Commonly used demister assemblies 107 include wire mesh demisters and baffle plate demisters. Among them, wire mesh demisters are the most widely used in packed spray towers due to their large specific surface area and good droplet capture ability. When the exhaust gas flow passes through the wire mesh structure, the droplets in it adhere to the wire mesh due to inertial collision and converge into droplets that flow back down along the wire mesh, achieving gas-liquid separation.

[0025] The tower body 100 is also equipped with a spraying and liquid supply system, which mainly includes a liquid storage tank 108, a circulating pump 109, connecting pipelines, and spray pipes 105. The spray pipes 105 are located above all the packing discs 101 and are used to spray the absorbent liquid evenly onto the surface of the packing discs 101 below, ensuring that the packing discs 101 are fully wetted and providing an effective contact surface for gas-liquid mass transfer. The liquid storage tank 108 is located at the bottom outside the tower body 100 and is used to store the absorbent liquid. The liquid storage tank 108 is equipped with a level gauge and a temperature control component. The level gauge is used to determine the content of absorbent liquid in the liquid storage tank 108, and the temperature control component is used to control the temperature of absorbent liquid in the liquid storage tank 108. The circulating pump 109 draws absorbent liquid from the liquid storage tank 108 through the connecting pipelines, pressurizes it, and delivers it to the spray pipes 105 to form a circulating supply of absorbent liquid. The circulating pump 109 is equipped with a corresponding power supply and control module to control its operating parameters. The matching pipeline valves and filter components can be used to regulate the liquid-to-gas ratio and ensure unobstructed spraying. Additionally, the liquid outlet at the bottom of the tower body 100 can be connected to the storage tank 108, allowing the sprayed absorbent to flow back into the storage tank 108 for recycling. The storage tank 108 can also be connected to an external supply tank to replenish fresh absorbent. The returned circulating absorbent and the replenished fresh absorbent can mix in the storage tank 108 to improve absorbent utilization and reduce operating costs. The storage tank 108 is equipped with a flow control component to adjust the supply ratio of circulating absorbent and fresh absorbent, maintaining the effective concentration and treatment effect of the absorbent. Furthermore, the liquid outlet of the tower body 100 can also be switched to an external discharge path to directly discharge and collect the exhausted absorbent for treatment.

[0026] The packing disc 101 is the core mass transfer unit of the packed spray tower, mainly consisting of three parts from bottom to top: the supporting grid plate, the packing body, and the packing pressure plate. The supporting grid plate, also known as the packing support plate, is used to support the weight of the entire packing layer. At the same time, the supporting grid plate is provided with sufficient open channels to ensure smooth passage of the gas and liquid phases. The packing body is filled above the supporting grid plate and is divided into two types: random packing and structured packing. Random packing, such as Pall rings, multi-faceted hollow spheres, and Raschig rings, is widely used, relying on its huge specific surface area to provide a place for gas-liquid two-phase contact mass transfer. The packing pressure plate is used to limit the axial displacement of the packing, prevent the rising airflow from blowing the packing to fluidize, roll, or move, and maintain the structural stability of the packing disc 101.

[0027] The liquid distributor 106 is a crucial component for ensuring uniform wetting of the packing disk 101 and maintaining mass transfer efficiency. During the downward flow of the absorbent liquid along the packing disk 101, a wall flow effect can easily occur, causing the liquid to gradually accumulate towards the inner wall of the tower body 100. This results in insufficient wetting of the packing in the central area of ​​the tower body 100, leading to a reduction in the effective mass transfer area and a decrease in the overall purification effect. The liquid distributor 106 collects the absorbent liquid flowing down from the upper packing and the absorbent liquid converging along the inner wall of the tower body 100. After redistribution, it is evenly sprayed onto the entire cross-section of the lower packing, reducing the uneven liquid distribution problem caused by the wall flow effect and ensuring that the surface of the lower packing remains sufficiently and uniformly wetted. The structure of the liquid distributor 106 has sufficient airflow channels, achieving uniform liquid distribution without creating excessive additional resistance to the rising airflow. Additionally, the liquid distributor 106, located above the swirl disk 102, also serves to ensure uniform distribution of the absorbent liquid on the swirl disk 102.

[0028] The specific structures and working principles of the aforementioned demister assembly 107, spray and liquid supply system, packing disc 101, and liquid distributor 106 are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0029] There are two swirl discs 102 to improve the pre-separation effect of particulate matter such as dust, crystals or sticky substances in the exhaust gas, and the flow rate of the exhaust gas is also reduced after passing through two swirl discs 102.

[0030] The tower body 100 is equipped with multiple inspection windows 110 to facilitate observation of the operating status of the packing disc 101, swirl disc 102 and liquid distributor 106 inside the tower body 100, so as to facilitate timely detection of abnormalities such as blockage.

[0031] In one embodiment, the regulating component includes a fan 111 and a return pipe 112. The fan 111 has an inlet end and an outlet end. The inlet end of the fan 111 is connected to an external air storage unit, and the outlet end of the fan 111 is connected to one end of the inlet pipe 103. The other end of the inlet pipe 103 is connected to the lower side inside the tower body 100. The two ends of the return pipe 112 are a first end and a second end, respectively. The first end of the return pipe 112 is connected to the inlet end of the fan 111, and the second end of the return pipe 112 is connected to the inside of the tower body 100. The connection position is located between the lowermost packing disc 101 and the uppermost swirl disc 102.

[0032] After the exhaust gas passes through the top swirl plate 102, under the action of the fan 111, part of the exhaust gas enters the return pipe 112 and flows from its second end to its first end, and is then transported by the fan 111 back into the tower body 100 through the return pipe 112; the other part of the exhaust gas continues to flow upward through the packing plate 101. The amount of this part of the exhaust gas is relatively reduced, resulting in a decrease in its flow velocity, thereby reducing the flow velocity of the exhaust gas after passing through the top swirl plate 102.

[0033] It is understandable that once the equipment is running stably, there will always be a portion of exhaust gas circulating in the return pipe 112, the inlet pipe 103, and the tower body 100, and the amount of this portion of exhaust gas is basically constant.

[0034] The external gas storage unit stores the waste gas to be treated. The fan 111 can be a special model with anti-corrosion and wear-resistant properties, and is equipped with a corresponding power supply and control module to control the operating parameters of the fan 111.

[0035] In one embodiment, a support shaft 113 is provided on the lower side of the tower body 100, and all swirl disks 102 and liquid distributors 106 between adjacent swirl disks 102 are mounted on the support shaft 113; a first opening 114 and a second opening 115 are provided on the upper side of the tower body 100, the uppermost packing disk 101 and the liquid distributor 106 below it are directly opposite the first opening 114, and the lowermost packing disk 101 and the liquid distributor 106 below it are directly opposite the second opening 115; all packing disks 101 and the liquid distributor 106 below each packing disk 101 are also provided on the support shaft 113. Liquid distributors 106 are stacked sequentially on support shaft 113, and spacers 116 opposite to support shaft 113 are provided on both the packing disc 101 and the liquid distributor 106 below it. The spacers 116 are used to space adjacent packing discs 101 and liquid distributors 106 apart. The tower body 100 is also provided with a pin 117, which can be inserted into or pulled out of the tower body 100. When the pin 117 is inserted into the tower body 100, the pin 117 is located between the bottommost packing disc 101 and the liquid distributor 106 above it.

[0036] During equipment operation, the stuffing disc 101 may be blocked by dust, crystals or sticky substances in the exhaust gas, causing a sudden increase in system pressure drop and a decrease in purification efficiency. Moreover, the bottom stuffing disc 101 is the most prone to blockage and the blockage is the most severe because it comes into contact with the exhaust gas first.

[0037] After the equipment has been running for a period of time, the present invention inserts a pin 117 into the tower body 100. The pin 117 is located between the lowest packing disc 101 and the liquid distributor 106 above it. The pin 117 can temporarily support all packing discs 101 above the lowest packing disc 101 and the liquid distributor 106 below them. The second opening 115 is opened, the lowest packing disc 101 and the liquid distributor 106 below it are taken out and cleaned. Then the pin 117 is pulled out from the tower body 100, and all the remaining packing discs 101 and the liquid distributors 106 below them fall onto the support shaft 113 under the action of gravity and are supported by the support shaft 113. The first opening 114 is opened, and the cleaned packing discs 101 and liquid distributors 106 are placed on top to fill the empty space. This allows for the targeted replacement of the packing disc 101, which is located at the bottom and is the most severely clogged, and the liquid distributor 106 below it. The replacement process is simple and facilitates the disassembly, cleaning, and maintenance of the packing disc 101 and the liquid distributor 106.

[0038] The lower end of the support shaft 113 is directly fixed to the tower body 100, while the upper end of the support shaft 113 is suspended. Multiple support rings 118 are provided on the support shaft 113. After all the swirl plates 102 and the liquid distributors 106 between adjacent swirl plates 102 are fitted onto the support shaft 113, their vertical positions are restricted by the support rings 118. The spacers 116 on the packing discs 101 and the liquid distributors 106 protrude outwards on both the upper and lower sides to maintain an appropriate distance between adjacent packing discs 101 and liquid distributors 106. The spacers 116 are located at the center of the packing disc 101 or the liquid distributor 106 below it. The first opening 114 and the second opening 115 have the same size and shape and are both adapted to the overall dimensions of the packing disc 101 and the liquid distributor 106 below it. Of course, both the first opening 114 and the second opening 115 are equipped with cover plates. The cover plates can be opened or closed relative to the tower body 100, and a seal should be maintained between the cover plates and the tower body 100 when closed.

[0039] A sleeve 119 is formed on the tower body 100, and a pin 117 can be inserted into the sleeve 119 to ensure the sealing of the tower body 100. Furthermore, two sets of sleeves 119 and pins 117 are horizontally arranged to improve the support stability for the packing disc 101 and the liquid distributor 106. Additionally, when the pin 117 is inserted into the tower body 100, it is located between the lowermost packing disc 101 and the liquid distributor 106 above it. The pin 117 can temporarily support all packing discs 101 above the lowermost packing disc 101 and the liquid distributor 106 below them. The pin 117 can reduce the friction caused by the relative movement of the lowermost packing disc 101 and the liquid distributor 106 above it.

[0040] In one embodiment, the swirl disk 102 includes an inner ring 120, an outer ring 121, and a plurality of swirl plates 122 disposed between the inner ring 120 and the outer ring 121. The inner ring 120 is sleeved on a support shaft 113, and a connecting rod 123 is provided between the inner ring 120 and the outer ring 121. The plurality of swirl plates 122 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner ring 120 and the outer ring 121, and the swirl plates 122 form a first angle with the horizontal plane. The inner side of the swirl plates 122 is rotatably connected to the inner ring 120 and forms a... The first rotating shaft 124 is rotatably connected to the outer ring 121 on the outer side of the swirling plate 122 and forms a second rotating shaft 125. The first rotating shaft 124 and the second rotating shaft 125 are collinear and both are arranged radially along the inner ring 120 and the outer ring 121. When the swirling plate 122 rotates around the first rotating shaft 124 and the second rotating shaft 125, it can change the size of the first included angle. The swirling disk 102 is provided with a driving assembly, which is used to make the swirling plate 122 rotate around the first rotating shaft 124 and the second rotating shaft 125.

[0041] Before the equipment is put into operation, the drive assembly causes the swirl plate 122 to rotate around the first rotating shaft 124 and the second rotating shaft 125 to change the first angle formed between the swirl plate 122 and the horizontal plane, that is, to change the tilt angle of the swirl plate 122 to suit different concentrations of exhaust gas and different intake volumes, thereby improving the applicability of the equipment.

[0042] Connecting rods 123 are radially arranged along the inner ring 120 and the outer ring 121, and multiple connecting rods 123 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the inner ring 120 and the outer ring 121 to stably connect the inner ring 120 and the outer ring 121. Swirl plates 122 are fan-shaped with a larger outer side and a smaller inner side. The outer side of the swirl plate 122 is in contact with the inner wall of the outer ring 121, and the inner side of the swirl plate 122 is in contact with the outer wall of the inner ring 120. Because the swirl plates 122 are inclined, an airflow channel can be formed between two adjacent swirl plates 122. When the exhaust gas passes through this airflow channel, it rotates at high speed, relying on centrifugal separation and inertial collision to throw the droplets and particles in the exhaust gas towards the inner wall of the outer ring 121 for separation.

[0043] In one embodiment, the drive assembly includes a rotating ring 126, a slider 127, and a guide 128. The rotating ring 126 is coaxially arranged with the outer ring 121 and rotatably connected. Multiple sliders 127 and guides 128 are provided and correspond one-to-one with multiple swirl plates 122. The slider 127 is disposed on the rotating ring 126 and slides in cooperation with the guide 128. The guide 128 is disposed on the surface of the swirl plate 122 near the rotating ring 126, and the trajectory direction of the guide 128 is along the circumference or tangential direction of the outer ring 121. A locking member 129 is provided between the rotating ring 126 and the outer ring 121. The locking member 129 has a locked state and an unlocked state. When it is locked, the locking member 129 restricts the relative rotation between the rotating ring 126 and the outer ring 121. When it is unlocked, the locking member 129 allows the relative rotation between the rotating ring 126 and the outer ring 121.

[0044] First, the locking member 129 is in the unlocked state, and the rotating ring 126 is manually controlled to rotate relative to the outer ring 121, causing the sliding member 127 to slide along the guide member 128, so that the vortex plate 122 rotates around the first hinge axis 133 and the second hinge axis 135, thereby changing the first angle formed between the vortex plate 122 and the horizontal plane. Then, the locking member 129 is locked to restrict the relative rotation between the rotating ring 126 and the outer ring 121, thereby locking the first angle formed between the vortex plate 122 and the horizontal plane.

[0045] The rotating ring 126 and the outer ring 121 can slide relative to each other in the circumferential direction through the cooperation of a sliding groove and a slider. Both the guide member 128 and the slider 127 are rod-shaped parts. The guide member 128 is generally C-shaped, with both ends fixed to the swirl plate 122. A sliding groove is formed in the middle of the guide member 128 together with the swirl plate 122. When the guide member 128 is arc-shaped, the trajectory of the sliding groove is along the circumference of the outer ring 121; when the guide member 128 is straight, the trajectory of the sliding groove is along the tangential direction of the outer ring 121. The slider 127 is generally L-shaped, with one end fixed to the rotating ring 126 and the other end bent and extended into the sliding groove, allowing it to slide along the groove. The other end of the slider 127 creates a hook-like pulling action with the guide 128, and the other end of the slider 127 creates a pushing action with the swirl plate 122. When the rotating ring 126 and the slider 127 are stationary, the first angle of the swirl plate 122 can be kept constant, thereby keeping the tilt angle of the swirl plate 122 constant. In addition, the drive assembly may also include a motor, gears, and a gear ring structure to drive the rotating ring 126 to rotate.

[0046] In one embodiment, the locking member 129 is a bolt and is threadedly connected to the rotating ring 126. When in the locked state, the end of the locking member 129 abuts against the outer ring 121; when in the unlocked state, the end of the locking member 129 disengages from the outer ring 121.

[0047] A friction plate 130 is fixed inside the outer ring 121. When it is in the locked state, the end of the locking member 129 abuts against the friction plate 130; when it is in the unlocked state, the end of the locking member 129 disengages from the friction plate 130.

[0048] In one embodiment, the tower body 100 has a plurality of third openings 131 on its lower side, and a plurality of swirl disks 102 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of third openings 131. The distance between two adjacent swirl disks 102 is greater than the distance between two adjacent packing disks 101. The inner ring 120 includes two inner semicircular rings 132, which are hinged together and have a first hinge axis 133. The outer ring 121 includes two outer semicircular rings 134, which are hinged together and have a second hinge axis 135. The first hinge axis 133 and the second hinge axis 135 are collinear and both are arranged radially along the inner ring 120 and the outer ring 121. The two inner semicircular rings 132 each have a first notch 136 formed on the side away from the first hinge axis 133, and the two outer semicircular rings 134 each have a second notch 137 formed on the side away from the second hinge axis 135.

[0049] During equipment operation, dust, crystals, or sticky substances in the exhaust gas will gradually adhere to the surface and edges of the swirl plate 122. If not cleaned in time, they will reduce the effective airflow channel and weaken the swirl intensity, thereby reducing the exhaust gas treatment efficiency. Moreover, in the case of corrosive media, corrosion products will also accumulate.

[0050] After the device has been running for a period of time, the third opening 131 is opened, and the two inner semicircular rings 132 are manually rotated around the first hinge axis 133, while the two outer semicircular rings 134 rotate around the second hinge axis 135, until the end faces of the two inner semicircular rings 132 on the same side contact each other, and the end faces of the two outer semicircular rings 134 on the same side contact each other, thereby folding the vortex disk 102. The folding process of the vortex disk 102 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 6 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 At this point, the two first notches 136 on the two inner semicircular rings 132 merge to avoid the support shaft 113, and the two second notches 137 on the two outer semicircular rings 134 merge to avoid the support shaft 113. Then, the folded vortex disk 102 is taken out from the third opening 131. The removed vortex disk 102 is cleaned and then put back, thus completing the replacement process of the vortex disk 102. The replacement process is simple and facilitates the disassembly, cleaning and maintenance of the vortex disk 102.

[0051] It is worth noting that, since the distance between two adjacent swirl plates 102 is greater than the distance between two adjacent packing plates 101, if a direct pull-out method similar to that used for the packing plates 101 is adopted, i.e., the swirl plates 102 and the support shaft 113 need to be removed simultaneously, the size of the third opening 131 needs to be adapted to the lateral dimension of the swirl plate 102 and the vertical dimension of the support shaft 113. This results in a relatively large size for the third opening 131, affecting the integrity and stability of the tower body 100 structure. By folding and removing the swirl plates 102 separately, this invention allows for a smaller size for the third opening 131, thereby ensuring the integrity and stability of the tower body 100 structure to a certain extent.

[0052] It is also worth noting that the rotating ring 126 is composed of two arc-shaped plates 138, which are slidably connected to two corresponding outer semicircular rings 134. The central angle of the arc-shaped plates 138 is less than 180°, so that the arc-shaped plates 138 can only slide along the circumference of the corresponding outer semicircular ring 134. Furthermore, the outer semicircular ring 134 is provided with scale lines, and the arc-shaped plates 138 are provided with corresponding pointers to display the first included angle of the swirl plates 122, and to ensure that the first included angle of all swirl plates 122 is consistent.

[0053] This invention also provides a process for treating hazardous waste gas, comprising the following steps: Spray pipe 105 sprays absorbent liquid into tower body 100, and exhaust gas enters tower body 100 through inlet pipe 103; The exhaust gas encounters the absorbent liquid on the cyclone plate 102, and the absorbent liquid pre-treats the exhaust gas. After the flow rate of the exhaust gas is reduced by the regulating component, it meets the absorbent liquid on the packing disc 101, and the absorbent liquid further treats the exhaust gas. The treated waste gas is discharged through the gas outlet 104, and the absorbent liquid is discharged through the liquid outlet.

[0054] The working principle of this invention is as follows: The circulation pump 109 is started, drawing absorbent liquid from the storage tank 108 through connecting pipelines and pressurizing it to the spray pipe 105. The spray pipe 105 evenly sprays the absorbent liquid onto the surface of the packing discs 101 below. A liquid distributor 106 is installed in the middle to redistribute the absorbent liquid multiple times before it is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the packing discs 101 below, thus ensuring that all packing discs 101 are fully wetted and providing an effective contact surface for gas-liquid mass transfer. At the same time, the blower 111 is started, allowing the exhaust gas from the external gas storage unit to enter the lower side of the tower body 100 through the inlet pipe 103. The exhaust gas encounters the absorbent liquid on the swirl plate 102, where the absorbent liquid pre-separates particulate matter such as dust, crystals, or sticky substances in the exhaust gas, reducing the load on subsequent treatment. After the exhaust gas passes through the uppermost swirl plate 102, under the action of the fan 111, a portion of the exhaust gas enters the return pipe 112 and flows from its second end to its first end, and is then transported by the fan 111 back into the tower body 100 through the return pipe 112; another portion of the exhaust gas continues to flow upward through the packing plate 101. The amount of this portion of exhaust gas is relatively reduced, resulting in a decrease in its flow velocity, thereby reducing the flow velocity of the exhaust gas after passing through the uppermost swirl plate 102. This portion of the exhaust gas passes through the packing plate 101 to separate gaseous pollutants and fine particulate matter in the exhaust gas; finally, the exhaust gas is separated by the demister assembly 107 to remove the entrained absorbent droplets and is discharged from the outlet 104.

[0055] The multi-stage waste gas treatment unit is vertically integrated using a tower-type stacked structure, integrating the packing disc 101 and the swirl disc 102 into a single tower body 100, saving floor space. This combines the advantages of both packed spray towers and swirl spray towers, effectively separating particulate matter such as dust, crystals, or sticky substances, as well as gaseous pollutants and fine particulate matter in the waste gas. This also helps to prevent the packing disc 101 from clogging, suppresses the increase in system pressure drop, and ensures the purification efficiency of the waste gas.

[0056] Before operating the equipment, first, the end of the locking member 129 abuts against the friction plate 130, putting the locking member 129 in the unlocked state. Then, manually control the rotating ring 126 to rotate relative to the outer ring 121, causing the sliding member 127 to slide along the guide member 128. This causes the swirl plate 122 to rotate around the first hinge axis 133 and the second hinge axis 135, thereby changing the first angle formed between the swirl plate 122 and the horizontal plane, i.e., changing the tilt angle of the swirl plate 122, to suit different concentrations of exhaust gas and different intake volumes, thus expanding the applicability of the equipment. Afterward, the end of the locking member 129 is disengaged from the friction plate 130, putting the locking member 129 in the locked state, thereby restricting the relative rotation of the rotating ring 126 and the outer ring 121, and locking the first angle formed between the swirl plate 122 and the horizontal plane.

[0057] After the equipment has been running for a period of time, insert pin 117 into the tower body 100. Pin 117 is located between the lowest packing disc 101 and the liquid distributor 106 above it. Pin 117 can temporarily support all packing discs 101 above the lowest packing disc 101 and the liquid distributor 106 below them. Open the second opening 115, take out the lowest packing disc 101 and the liquid distributor 106 below it, and clean them. Then pull pin 117 out of the tower body 100. All remaining packing discs 101 and the liquid distributor 106 below them fall onto the support shaft 113 under the action of gravity and are supported by the support shaft 113. Open the first opening 114, and then place the cleaned packing discs 101 and liquid distributor 106 on the top to fill the empty space. This allows for the targeted replacement of the packing disc 101, which is located at the bottom and is the most severely clogged, and the liquid distributor 106 below it. The replacement process is simple and facilitates the disassembly, cleaning, and maintenance of the packing disc 101 and the liquid distributor 106.

[0058] After the equipment has been running for a period of time, open the third opening 131 and manually rotate the two inner semicircular rings 132 around the first hinge axis 133, while simultaneously rotating the two outer semicircular rings 134 around the second hinge axis 135, until the end faces of the two inner semicircular rings 132 on the same side contact each other, and the end faces of the two outer semicircular rings 134 on the same side contact each other, thereby folding the vortex disk 102. The folding process of the vortex disk 102 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 6 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 At this point, the two first notches 136 on the two inner semicircular rings 132 merge to avoid the support shaft 113, and the two second notches 137 on the two outer semicircular rings 134 merge to avoid the support shaft 113. Then, the folded vortex disk 102 is taken out from the third opening 131. The removed vortex disk 102 is cleaned and then put back, thus completing the replacement process of the vortex disk 102. The replacement process is simple and facilitates the disassembly, cleaning and maintenance of the vortex disk 102.

[0059] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0060] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent integrated treatment device for harmful waste gas, characterized in that, include: The tower body has an air inlet pipe at the bottom through which exhaust gas enters the tower body, and an air outlet at the top of the tower body; a spray pipe at the top of the tower body is used to spray the absorbent liquid into the tower body, and a liquid outlet at the bottom of the tower body. The packing disc is located on the upper side of the tower body and below the spray pipe; multiple packing discs are arranged at equal intervals, and each packing disc is equipped with a liquid distributor below it. The swirl plate is located on the lower side of the tower body and below all the packing plates. The exhaust gas rotates when it passes through the swirl plate. At least two swirl plates are arranged at equal intervals, and a liquid distributor is provided between two adjacent swirl plates. The regulating component is located between the lowermost stuffing disc and the uppermost swirl disc. After the exhaust gas passes through the uppermost swirl disc, the regulating component is used to reduce the flow rate of the exhaust gas.

2. The intelligent integrated treatment equipment for harmful waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The regulating components include a fan and a return pipe. The fan has an inlet end and an outlet end. The inlet end of the fan is connected to an external air storage unit, and the outlet end of the fan is connected to one end of the inlet pipe. The other end of the inlet pipe is connected to the lower side of the tower body. The two ends of the return pipe are a first end and a second end, respectively. The first end of the return pipe is connected to the inlet end of the fan, and the second end of the return pipe is connected to the tower body. The connection position is located between the lowermost packing disc and the uppermost swirl disc.

3. The intelligent integrated treatment equipment for harmful waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower side of the tower body is equipped with a support shaft, and all swirl plates and liquid distributors between adjacent swirl plates are mounted on the support shaft. The upper side of the tower body has a first opening and a second opening. The uppermost packing plate and the liquid distributor below it are directly opposite the first opening, and the lowermost packing plate and the liquid distributor below it are directly opposite the second opening. All packing plates and the liquid distributors below each packing plate are stacked sequentially on the support shaft, and each packing plate and the liquid distributor below it is equipped with a spacer opposite to the support shaft. The spacer is used to space adjacent packing plates and liquid distributors apart. The tower body is also equipped with a pin that can be inserted into or pulled out of the tower body. When the pin is inserted into the tower body, it is located between the lowermost packing plate and the liquid distributor above it.

4. The intelligent integrated treatment equipment for harmful waste gas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The swirl disk includes an inner ring, an outer ring, and multiple swirl plates disposed between the inner and outer rings. The inner ring is sleeved on a support shaft, and a connecting rod is provided between the inner and outer rings. The multiple swirl plates are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner and outer rings, and the swirl plates form a first angle with the horizontal plane. The inner side of the swirl plate is rotatably connected to the inner ring and forms a first rotating shaft, and the outer side of the swirl plate is rotatably connected to the outer ring and forms a second rotating shaft. The first and second rotating shafts are collinear and both are arranged radially along the inner and outer rings. When the swirl plates rotate around the first and second rotating shafts, the size of the first angle can be changed. The swirl disk is provided with a driving assembly, which is used to make the swirl plates rotate around the first and second rotating shafts.

5. The intelligent integrated treatment equipment for harmful waste gas according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a rotating ring, a sliding member, and a guide member. The rotating ring and the outer ring are coaxially arranged and rotatably connected. Multiple sliding members and guide members are provided, each corresponding to a multiple swirl plate. The sliding member is located on the rotating ring and slides in cooperation with the guide member. The guide member is located on the surface of the swirl plate near the rotating ring, and the trajectory direction of the guide member is along the circumference or tangential direction of the outer ring. A locking member is provided between the rotating ring and the outer ring. The locking member has a locked state and an unlocked state. When it is locked, the locking member restricts the relative rotation between the rotating ring and the outer ring. When it is unlocked, the locking member allows the relative rotation between the rotating ring and the outer ring.

6. The intelligent integrated treatment equipment for harmful waste gas according to claim 5, characterized in that, The locking element is a bolt that is threadedly connected to the swivel ring. When locked, the end of the locking element abuts against the outer ring; when unlocked, the end of the locking element disengages from the outer ring.

7. The intelligent integrated treatment equipment for harmful waste gas according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower side of the tower body has multiple third openings, and multiple swirl disks correspond one-to-one with the multiple third openings. The distance between two adjacent swirl disks is greater than the distance between two adjacent packing disks. The inner ring includes two inner semicircular rings, which are hinged together and have a first hinge axis. The outer ring includes two outer semicircular rings, which are hinged together and have a second hinge axis. The first hinge axis and the second hinge axis are collinear and both are arranged radially along the inner and outer rings. The two inner semicircular rings each have a first notch on the side away from the first hinge axis, and the two outer semicircular rings each have a second notch on the side away from the second hinge axis.

8. The intelligent integrated treatment equipment for harmful waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of swirl disks is two.

9. The intelligent integrated treatment equipment for harmful waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tower has multiple inspection windows.

10. A hazardous waste gas treatment process, applied to an intelligent integrated treatment device for hazardous waste gas as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The spray pipe sprays the absorbent liquid into the tower, and the exhaust gas enters the tower through the inlet pipe. The exhaust gas meets the absorbent liquid on the cyclone plate, and the absorbent liquid pre-treats the exhaust gas. After the flow rate of the exhaust gas is reduced by the regulating component, it meets the absorbent liquid on the packing disc, and the absorbent liquid further treats the exhaust gas. The treated waste gas is discharged through the gas outlet, and the absorbent liquid is discharged through the liquid outlet.

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