Anti-scar device and flue gas system of light ash calcining furnace

Abstract

The application discloses a light-ash calcining furnace anti-scar device and a furnace gas system, which comprises a cyclone separation dust removal pipe, a furnace gas tee joint high-efficiency spray dust removal unit and a calcining furnace alkali outlet temperature fine control unit. The cyclone separation dust removal pipe is connected with the calcining furnace, and through full-closed seamless welding, outer covering of a heat insulation layer and a heating pipe, cold air infiltration is effectively cut off and high-temperature working conditions are maintained, and dry primary dust removal and anti-scar are carried out. The furnace gas tee joint high-efficiency spray dust removal unit receives primary dust removal furnace gas, uses an umbrella-shaped annular baffle to build a continuous water curtain, and by means of a self-rotating conical dispersion head, the furnace gas is centrifugally scattered, so that the gas and liquid produce strong cross-collisions, and wet deep washing is realized. In combination with the alkali outlet temperature closed-loop control unit, the application eliminates the conditions of alkali powder moisture absorption and scarring, and greatly reduces the manual unblocking frequency and steam energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soda ash production equipment technology, and in particular to an anti-scalding device and furnace gas system for a light ash calcining furnace. Background Technology

[0002] In the soda ash production process, light ash calcination is one of the core steps. During operation, the light ash calcination furnace generates a large amount of furnace gas, which needs to be sent to a furnace gas treatment system. After dust removal, washing, and cooling, the ammonia, alkali powder, and heat are recovered, ultimately yielding high-concentration carbon dioxide gas, which is then compressed and sent to the carbonation process for alkali production. The operational stability of the furnace gas treatment system directly determines the energy consumption level of the calcination process, the conversion rate of the carbonation process, and the continuous operating efficiency of the entire soda ash production system.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream process for treating furnace gas from light ash calcining furnaces in the soda ash industry is "cyclone separation dust removal + wet spray dust removal". The high-temperature furnace gas generated by the calcining furnace first enters the cyclone dust removal pipe, where most of the alkali powder in the furnace gas is separated by centrifugal force. Then, it enters the furnace gas tee, where it undergoes further dust removal by a wet spray device before being sent to the subsequent washing and cooling process.

[0004] However, existing technologies have the following drawbacks: First, the industry standard solution for addressing pipe scaling and blockage during operation is periodic manual cleaning, where operators are scheduled to clean the cyclone dust collector pipes and furnace gas tee horizontal pipes each shift. This method does not eliminate the physical conditions for alkali scaling formation at its root, resulting in extremely short continuous equipment operation cycles, high manual maintenance intensity, and safety risks associated with working at heights and in confined spaces during the cleaning process. Secondly, to alleviate scaling problems, existing technologies generally control the alkali outlet temperature of the calcining furnace at a relatively high level to reduce the amount of wet alkali powder in the furnace gas. This approach leads to excessive redundancy in the alkali outlet temperature control of the calcining furnace, resulting in persistently high steam consumption of 3.2 MPa, creating a vicious cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for preventing scaling in a light ash calcining furnace and a furnace gas system, in order to solve the technical problems of existing light ash calcining furnace gas systems being overly reliant on frequent manual cleaning due to easy scaling and blockage, and being forced to maintain excessively high alkali outlet temperatures to avoid the risk of blockage, resulting in large fluctuations in system production conditions and high steam energy consumption.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a device for preventing scaling in a light ash calcining furnace and a furnace gas system, wherein the device for preventing scaling in a light ash calcining furnace and the furnace gas system include: A cyclone separator dust collector pipe, wherein the dust collector pipe inlet is connected to the furnace gas outlet of the calcining furnace, is used to perform dry primary dust removal on the high-temperature dust-laden furnace gas discharged from the calcining furnace and maintain the high-temperature operating condition of the furnace gas. The furnace gas three-way high-efficiency spray dust removal unit is connected to the exhaust outlet at the top of the cyclone separator dust removal pipe. It is used to receive the high-temperature furnace gas after dust removal by the cyclone separator dust removal pipe and perform wet deep washing dust removal. The washed clean gas is discharged from the clean gas outlet on the side after being turned. The calcining furnace alkali outlet temperature fine control unit includes a multi-point temperature detection component installed at the alkali outlet and furnace gas outlet of the calcining furnace, a steam flow regulating valve connected in series on the steam feed pipeline at the front end of the calcining furnace, and a PLC closed-loop control module electrically connected to the multi-point temperature detection component and the steam flow regulating valve.

[0007] In one embodiment, the cyclone separator dust removal pipe includes a cylindrical body and a conical body connected to the lower end of the cylindrical body. The dust removal pipe inlet is disposed on the side of the cylindrical body and is disposed along the tangent of the cylindrical body. The exhaust outlet of the cyclone separator dust removal pipe is located at the top center of the cylindrical body, and the bottom center of the conical body is provided with an alkaline powder outlet.

[0008] In one embodiment, all weld seams on the pipe wall of the cyclone separator dust collector are seamless welded structures, and double-layer high-temperature resistant sealing gaskets are installed at its flange interface and inspection port to cut off the path of external cold air infiltration; the outer wall of the cyclone separator dust collector is covered with a sepiolite thermal insulation layer, and an online airtightness detection component is installed on the cyclone separator dust collector for real-time monitoring of pipeline negative pressure value and leakage.

[0009] In one embodiment, the peridot insulation layer is entirely covered with a metal protective shell, which is made of aluminum sheet or stainless steel plate, to ensure the long-term structural integrity of the insulation structure in the corrosive environment of the chemical plant area.

[0010] In one embodiment, a heating and insulation pipe is spirally wound around the outer surface of the cyclone separator dust removal pipe, a heating medium flows inside the heating and insulation pipe, and the entire heating and insulation pipe is located inside the sepiolite insulation layer.

[0011] In one embodiment, the furnace gas three-way high-efficiency spray dust removal unit includes a vertical inlet pipe and a furnace gas three-way horizontal pipe. The top end of the vertical inlet pipe is connected to the exhaust outlet of the cyclone separator dust removal pipe, and the bottom end of the vertical inlet pipe extends into the interior of the furnace gas three-way horizontal pipe. The furnace gas three-way high-efficiency spray dust removal unit also includes a two-phase separation main chamber located below the vertical inlet pipe, an umbrella-shaped annular baffle sleeved on the bottom outer wall of the vertical inlet pipe and extending outward and downward, an annular spray assembly located directly above the umbrella-shaped annular baffle, and a three-splash tower spray assembly located at the top of the two-phase separation main chamber. The annular spray assembly sprays washing liquid downwards onto the upper surface of the umbrella-shaped annular baffle. The slope of the umbrella-shaped annular baffle guides the washing liquid to fall evenly along its inclined outer edge, thereby forming a continuous cylindrical main water curtain around the vertical inlet pipe. The furnace gas flowing downwards from the vertical inlet pipe is inside the main water curtain. When the furnace gas is diverted and enters the furnace gas tee horizontal pipe, it penetrates the main water curtain laterally, resulting in violent gas-liquid collision washing to capture fine alkali powder in the furnace gas.

[0012] In one embodiment, a drain port is provided directly below the two-phase separation main chamber to discharge the washed alkaline solution and solid precipitate into the circulation system; A water replenishment device that extends obliquely upwards into the interior is installed on the side wall at the bottom of the two-phase separation main chamber for periodically flushing out the alkali buildup at the bottom. At the bottom of the two-phase separation main chamber, a liquid accumulation status sensor is also installed, which is electrically connected to the PLC closed-loop control module. When the liquid accumulation status sensor detects an increase in drainage resistance or detects an abnormal accumulation of alkali, the PLC closed-loop control module automatically interlocks and opens the water replenishment device to perform automated high-pressure flushing.

[0013] In one embodiment, the annular spray assembly includes a hollow spray ring, the top of which is connected to a spray water input pipe, and the bottom surface of the spray ring is uniformly provided with a plurality of spray holes for spraying water downwards.

[0014] In one embodiment, the furnace gas three-way high-efficiency spray dust removal unit further includes a furnace gas guiding and diffusion section, which is disposed in the two-phase separation main chamber directly below the vertical inlet pipe. The furnace gas guiding and diffusion section includes: A guide plate, which is fixed to the inner wall of the two-phase separation main chamber by a support rod, and the upper surface of the guide plate is a smooth curved surface that is concave downwards; A conical dispersion head, wherein the pointed cone of the conical dispersion head is rotatably disposed at the center of the upper surface of the guide plate, and the outer surface of the conical dispersion head is provided with wind-receiving blades spirally arranged along its taper. When the high-speed furnace gas rushes downward from the vertical inlet pipe, the airflow impacts the wind-receiving blades, causing the conical dispersing head to rotate. The rotating conical dispersing head evenly disperses the central sinking airflow centrifugally in all directions. The dispersed furnace gas flows along the downward-concave curved surface of the guide plate. The guiding effect of the curved surface forces the furnace gas to be thrown outward in an inclined upward direction. This causes the high-speed furnace gas diffusing outward and upward to produce a strong reverse / lateral cross-impact with the main water curtain that hangs down from the umbrella-shaped annular baffle, thereby improving the deep dust removal effect of the main water curtain.

[0015] The above-described technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: The anti-scaling device and furnace gas system for light ash calcining furnaces provided in this invention change the "post-event cleaning" approach. By using fully enclosed insulation and heating of the cyclone dust collector pipe to isolate cold air, the physical conditions for alkali scale formation are altered. Combined with a highly efficient multi-dimensional spray system, the cleaning frequency of the furnace gas three-way horizontal pipe is significantly reduced from three times a day to once every 15 days or even longer, significantly reducing safety risks and maintenance intensity.

[0016] In addition, the reverse cross-flow of the furnace gas guide diffuser and the umbrella-shaped annular water curtain makes the furnace gas more thoroughly washed in the three-way valve, effectively capturing fine alkali powder and preventing subsequent pipeline deposition.

[0017] Finally, under the premise of ensuring the system is free from blockages, the PLC closed-loop system lowers the lower limit of the alkali outlet temperature control to 165℃, saving a significant amount of steam annually (approximately 7,000 tons of 3.2MPa steam). Simultaneously, by reducing fluctuations caused by unclogging, the CO2 concentration in the furnace gas can be increased from 80% to 90%, thereby substantially increasing the production of soda ash. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-scalding device and furnace gas system for a light ash calcining furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cyclone separator dust collector provided in an embodiment of the present invention after the external sepiolite insulation layer has been removed; Figure 3 This is a half-sectional view of the anti-scalding device and furnace gas system for a light ash calcining furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4A half-sectional view of the high-efficiency spray dust removal unit for furnace gas three-way provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a half-sectional view of the annular spray assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] The labels for the various figures are as follows: 1. Cyclone separator dust removal pipe; 2. Vertical inlet pipe; 3. Furnace gas tee horizontal pipe; 4. Umbrella-shaped annular baffle; 5. Annular spray assembly; 6. Three-splash tower spray assembly; 7. Water replenishment device; 8. Furnace gas guiding and diffusion section; 11. Dust removal pipe inlet; 12. Exhaust outlet; 13. Cylindrical cylinder; 14. Conical cylinder; 15. Alkali powder outlet; 16. Sepiolite insulation layer; 17. Heating and insulation pipe; 31. Two-phase separation main chamber; 51. Spray ring; 52. Spray water input pipe; 81. Guide plate; 82. Conical dispersion head; 511. Spray hole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0023] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0024] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This application provides an anti-scalding device and furnace gas system for a light ash calcining furnace, including an anti-scalding unit for a cyclone separator dust removal pipe 1, a high-efficiency spray dust removal unit for furnace gas three-way, and a fine control unit for the calcining furnace alkali outlet temperature.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the cyclone separator dust removal pipe 1 includes an upper cylindrical body 13 and a lower conical body 14. The furnace gas containing high-temperature alkali powder enters through the dust removal pipe inlet 11, which is tangentially arranged along the cylindrical body 13, forming a high-speed rotating centrifugal airflow inside the pipe. This airflow separates large particles of alkali powder and discharges them from the alkali powder outlet 15 at the bottom. The furnace gas after preliminary dust removal is discharged from the exhaust outlet 12 at the top.

[0027] To completely prevent the absorption and scaling of alkali powder caused by the infiltration of external cold air, all welds on the walls of the cyclone separator dust collector pipe 1 are made using a seamless welding process, and double-layer high-temperature resistant sealing gaskets are installed at the flange interfaces and inspection ports. All butt welds on the walls of the cyclone separator dust collector pipe 1 employ a double-bevel seamless welding structure, and double-layer flexible graphite metal spiral wound sealing gaskets resistant to high temperatures and alkali corrosion are installed at the flange interfaces and inspection ports, cutting off all paths for external cold air to infiltrate due to the system's negative pressure and eliminating localized microscopic "cold spots."

[0028] Meanwhile, the outer wall of the dust removal pipe is covered with a sepiolite insulation layer 16, and the outer periphery of the sepiolite insulation layer 16 is completely covered with a metal protective shell made of aluminum or stainless steel to resist the corrosive environment of the chemical plant area.

[0029] Furthermore, to actively maintain the high temperature of the inner wall of the pipe, a heating and insulation pipe 17 is spirally wound around the outer surface of the cylindrical body 13 and the conical body 14. The heating and insulation pipe 17 is located inside the sepiolite insulation layer 16, and a heating medium (such as steam) is introduced into it. This not only avoids the occurrence of local cold ends, but also disrupts the thermodynamic conditions for alkali scale to adhere to the pipe wall from the source. In addition, the pipeline is also equipped with an online airtightness detection component to monitor the negative pressure value in real time and provide timely warnings in case of leakage.

[0030] Because the furnace gas contains extremely high water vapor partial pressure, once the pipe wall temperature falls below the dew point of the furnace gas components, not only will the alkali powder absorb moisture and clump, but it will also induce severe thermal corrosion of the pipe wall. This invention utilizes a composite configuration of "active heat replenishment + passive heat insulation" between the heated insulation pipe 17 and the sepiolite insulation layer 16 to consistently maintain the temperature of the inner metal wall of the cyclone separator dust collector pipe 1 within a safe redundancy range of 20°C to 30°C above the furnace gas dew point temperature. This not only keeps the alkali powder in a microscopically dry, free-flowing state, preventing the formation of adhesive hydrated crystals, but also significantly extends the service life of the steel shell.

[0031] The airtightness online monitoring component uses a high-precision differential pressure transmitter to monitor the dynamic pressure drop curve between the inlet of the cyclone separator dust collector pipe 1 and the exhaust outlet 12 in real time. When a small amount of dust accumulates on the pipe wall (before serious blockage), the shrinkage of the flow channel cross-section will cause abnormal pressure drop waveforms. The PLC closed-loop control module can use this trend to provide early warning of anti-scaling conditions.

[0032] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the high-temperature furnace gas, after undergoing dry primary dust removal, is injected from top to bottom into the furnace gas tee horizontal pipe 3 via the vertical inlet pipe 2. The core of this unit lies in the construction of a complex gas-liquid countercurrent / lateral scrubbing field.

[0033] Within the two-phase separation main chamber 31 below the vertical inlet pipe 2, a ring of umbrella-shaped annular baffles 4 extending outwards and downwards is fitted around the bottom outer wall of the vertical inlet pipe 2. A ring-shaped spray assembly 5 is symmetrically arranged directly above the umbrella-shaped annular baffle 4. Figure 5 The annular spray assembly 5 includes a hollow spray ring 51 and a spray water inlet pipe 52. The bottom surface of the spray ring 51 is evenly distributed with a plurality of high-density spray holes 511. The washing liquid is ejected as a pressurized jet from the spray holes 511, first impacting the upper surface of the umbrella-shaped annular baffle 4. Guided by the slope of the baffle and the liquid film spreading effect, the liquid converges at its outer edge and falls freely under gravity. This creates a highly continuous, seamless cylindrical main water curtain around the vertical inlet pipe 2.

[0034] To prevent furnace gas from directly penetrating the water curtain and escaping, a furnace gas guiding and diffusion section 8 is installed in the two-phase separation main chamber 31 directly below the vertical inlet pipe 2. This component includes a guide plate 81 rigidly fixed to the inner wall by a support rod. The upper surface of the guide plate 81 is machined into a smooth parabolic surface that is concave downwards. At the center of the upper surface of the guide plate 81, a conical dispersion head 82 is rotatably mounted via a wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing. The pointed tip of the conical dispersion head 82 faces upwards and is directly opposite the axis of the vertical inlet pipe 2. Several air-receiving blades are welded along the taper on its outer surface.

[0035] When the furnace gas rushes downwards at high speed from the vertical inlet pipe 2 and impacts the conical dispersing head 82, the airflow energy is converted into the rotational energy of the dispersing head. The rotation of the conical dispersing head 82 forces the originally straight downward high-speed furnace gas into a strong vortex flow field with angular velocity. The dispersed furnace gas flows along the downward concave curved surface of the guide plate 81, and smoothly changes direction along the curved surface using the Coanda effect (boundary layer adsorption effect), eventually transforming into a high-velocity jet flow obliquely upwards. This "cyclone" with high-speed vortices and oblique upward diffusion creates extremely violent counter-current and lateral cross-impact with the vertically descending continuous cylindrical main water curtain, significantly improving the collection efficiency of fine alkali powder in the furnace gas.

[0036] Furthermore, traditional spray towers are prone to scaling at the "wet-dry interface" on the inner wall of the equipment. The downward-concave, smooth curved surface design of the guide plate 81 in this invention ensures that the high-speed fluid flows over the curved surface with an all-around scouring effect. Combined with the continuous flowing liquid film formed on the parabolic surface after the main water curtain disperses, the surface of the guide plate 81 remains in a fully wetted, dynamically renewed state. This avoids the possibility of solid alkali powder remaining locally and flash-evaporating to dry and form a crust.

[0037] The washed alkaline waste liquid and solids fall to the bottom of the two-phase separation main chamber 31 and are discharged into the circulation system through the drain port directly below. To prevent alkali accumulation at the bottom, a water replenishment device 7 is installed on the side wall of the main chamber 31, extending obliquely upwards into the interior (the water replenishment device 7 is connected to a water pipe on the outside, and a control valve is installed on the water replenishment device 7 to control its opening and closing). A liquid accumulation status sensor is installed at the bottom, communicating with the PLC system. When an increase in drainage resistance or abnormal liquid accumulation is detected, the system automatically interlocks and opens the water replenishment device 7 for high-pressure automated flushing, eliminating the need for manual cleaning.

[0038] While ensuring the absolute smooth flow of the furnace gas system through the aforementioned physical anti-scalding modifications, this invention introduces a refined control unit for the alkali outlet temperature. This control unit includes multi-point temperature detection components located at the alkali outlet and furnace gas outlet of the light ash calcining furnace, a steam flow regulating valve connected in series on the 3.2MPa steam feed pipeline at the front end of the calcining furnace, and a PLC closed-loop control module. Each temperature detection component collects temperature data in real time and feeds it back to the PLC closed-loop control module.

[0039] Because the light ash calciner is a typical industrial thermal object with large lag, strong coupling, and large thermal inertia, simple feedback regulation based solely on the alkali outlet temperature can easily lead to steam supply overshoot or under-regulation due to the time lag in heat transfer. This invention establishes a "feedforward-feedback integrated cascade closed-loop control algorithm" through a PLC control module: using the alkali outlet temperature as the main control index (feedback loop), while simultaneously using the instantaneous fluctuation trends of the furnace gas outlet temperature and the furnace gas CO2 concentration as feedforward disturbance compensation terms.

[0040] Traditional processes artificially increase the alkali outlet temperature to sacrifice energy consumption for a drier furnace gas system, a form of "passive anti-clogging." However, this invention, with its active temperature control via the cyclone unit and efficient counter-current spray unit, ensures the furnace gas system exhibits extremely strong robustness against scaling. Therefore, the PLC module can safely and precisely lock the alkali outlet temperature control threshold at 165℃, the theoretical and safe lower limit of soda ash pyrolysis.

[0041] In actual operation, by eliminating the risk of scaling, the lower limit control threshold for the safe alkali discharge temperature within the PLC module is significantly lowered and set at 165℃. Based on real-time temperature fluctuations, the PLC module automatically and precisely adjusts the opening of the 3.2MPa steam flow regulating valve located at the front end of the calcining furnace. When the temperature exceeds 165℃, the steam valve is automatically closed. While ensuring complete calcination of the heavy alkali, the system always operates under low power consumption conditions, maximizing energy savings and solving the problem of "maintaining high temperature and high energy consumption to prevent scaling" in traditional processes.

[0042] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preventing scaling in a light ash calcining furnace and a furnace gas system, characterized in that, The anti-scalding device and furnace gas system for the light ash calcining furnace include: A cyclone separator dust collector pipe, wherein the dust collector pipe inlet is connected to the furnace gas outlet of the calcining furnace, is used to perform dry primary dust removal on the high-temperature dust-laden furnace gas discharged from the calcining furnace and maintain the high-temperature operating condition of the furnace gas. The furnace gas three-way high-efficiency spray dust removal unit is connected to the exhaust outlet at the top of the cyclone separator dust removal pipe. It is used to receive the high-temperature furnace gas after dust removal by the cyclone separator dust removal pipe and perform wet deep washing dust removal. The washed clean gas is discharged from the clean gas outlet on the side after being turned. The calcining furnace alkali outlet temperature fine control unit includes a multi-point temperature detection component installed at the alkali outlet and furnace gas outlet of the calcining furnace, a steam flow regulating valve connected in series on the steam feed pipeline at the front end of the calcining furnace, and a PLC closed-loop control module electrically connected to the multi-point temperature detection component and the steam flow regulating valve.

2. The anti-scalding device and furnace gas system for a light ash calcining furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone separator dust removal pipe includes a cylindrical body and a conical body connected to the lower end of the cylindrical body. The dust removal pipe inlet is located on the side of the cylindrical body and is arranged along the tangent of the cylindrical body. The exhaust outlet of the cyclone separator dust removal pipe is located at the top center of the cylindrical body, and the bottom center of the conical body is provided with an alkaline powder outlet.

3. The anti-scalding device and furnace gas system for a light ash calcining furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: All weld seams on the pipe walls of the cyclone separator dust collector are made of seamless welding structure, and double-layer high-temperature resistant sealing gaskets are installed at the flange interface and inspection port to cut off the path of external cold air infiltration; the outer wall of the cyclone separator dust collector is covered with a sepiolite thermal insulation layer, and an airtightness online detection component is installed on the cyclone separator dust collector for real-time monitoring of pipeline negative pressure value and leakage.

4. The anti-scalding device and furnace gas system for a light ash calcining furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The peridot insulation layer is entirely covered with a metal protective shell, which is made of aluminum sheet or stainless steel plate to ensure the long-term structural integrity of the insulation structure in the corrosive environment of the chemical plant area.

5. The anti-scalding device and furnace gas system for a light ash calcining furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer surface of the cyclone separator dust removal pipe is spirally wound with a heating and insulation pipe, the heating and insulation pipe contains a heating medium, and the heating and insulation pipe is located inside the sepiolite insulation layer.

6. The anti-scalding device and furnace gas system for a light ash calcining furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace gas three-way high-efficiency spray dust removal unit includes a vertical inlet pipe and a furnace gas three-way horizontal pipe. The top end of the vertical inlet pipe is connected to the exhaust outlet of the cyclone separator dust removal pipe, and the bottom end of the vertical inlet pipe extends into the interior of the furnace gas three-way horizontal pipe. The furnace gas three-way high-efficiency spray dust removal unit also includes a two-phase separation main chamber located below the vertical inlet pipe, an umbrella-shaped annular baffle sleeved on the bottom outer wall of the vertical inlet pipe and extending outward and downward, an annular spray assembly located directly above the umbrella-shaped annular baffle, and a three-splash tower spray assembly located at the top of the two-phase separation main chamber. The annular spray assembly sprays washing liquid downwards onto the upper surface of the umbrella-shaped annular baffle. The slope of the umbrella-shaped annular baffle guides the washing liquid to fall evenly along its inclined outer edge, thereby forming a continuous cylindrical main water curtain around the vertical inlet pipe. The furnace gas flowing downwards from the vertical inlet pipe is inside the main water curtain. When the furnace gas is diverted and enters the furnace gas tee horizontal pipe, it penetrates the main water curtain laterally, resulting in violent gas-liquid collision washing to capture fine alkali powder in the furnace gas.

7. The anti-scalding device and furnace gas system for a light ash calcining furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: A drain port is provided directly below the two-phase separation main chamber to discharge the washed alkaline solution and solid precipitate into the circulation system; A water replenishment device that extends obliquely upwards into the interior is installed on the side wall at the bottom of the two-phase separation main chamber for periodically flushing out the alkali buildup at the bottom. At the bottom of the two-phase separation main chamber, a liquid accumulation status sensor is also installed, which is electrically connected to the PLC closed-loop control module. When the liquid accumulation status sensor detects an increase in drainage resistance or detects an abnormal accumulation of alkali, the PLC closed-loop control module automatically interlocks and opens the water replenishment device to perform automated high-pressure flushing.

8. The anti-scalding device and furnace gas system for a light ash calcining furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The annular spray assembly includes a hollow spray ring, with a spray water input pipe connected to the top of the spray ring, and a plurality of spray holes for spraying water downwards evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the spray ring.

9. The anti-scalding device and furnace gas system for a light ash calcining furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that, The furnace gas three-way high-efficiency spray dust removal unit also includes a furnace gas guiding and diffusion section, which is located in the two-phase separation main chamber directly below the vertical inlet pipe. The furnace gas guiding and diffusion section includes: A guide plate, which is fixed to the inner wall of the two-phase separation main chamber by a support rod, and the upper surface of the guide plate is a smooth curved surface that is concave downwards; A conical dispersion head, wherein the pointed cone of the conical dispersion head is rotatably disposed at the center of the upper surface of the guide plate, and the outer surface of the conical dispersion head is provided with wind-receiving blades spirally arranged along its taper. When the high-speed furnace gas rushes downward from the vertical inlet pipe, the airflow impacts the wind-receiving blades, causing the conical dispersing head to rotate. The rotating conical dispersing head evenly disperses the central sinking airflow centrifugally in all directions. The dispersed furnace gas flows along the downward-concave curved surface of the guide plate. The guiding effect of the curved surface forces the furnace gas to be thrown outward in an inclined upward direction. This causes the high-speed furnace gas diffusing outward and upward to produce a strong reverse / lateral cross-impact with the main water curtain that hangs down from the umbrella-shaped annular baffle, thereby improving the deep dust removal effect of the main water curtain.

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