Self-cleaning windproof dust suppression device imitating desert beetle

Abstract

The application discloses a self-cleaning windproof dust suppression device imitating a desert beetle, which is suitable for livestock and poultry house air vents, air inlet windows or windproof enclosure structures. The device comprises a windproof flow guide plate body, a plurality of corrugated flow guide channels, a leeward side biomimetic condensation dust collection surface, a dendritic directional pollution discharge groove, an activated carbon filter layer and a dust-containing liquid collection and sedimentation tank. The condensation dust collection surface is composed of an arrayed hydrophilic condensation dust collection convex point and a hydrophobic pollution discharge flow guide base. The hydrophilic convex point induces air water vapor to preferentially condense into microdroplets, which capture dust, aerosols and part of harmful gases. The dust-containing liquid droplets flow through the activated carbon filter layer after being collected along the dendritic groove, and then enter the dust-containing liquid collection and sedimentation tank, so that the integrated circulation of windproof flow guide, condensation dust collection, directional pollution discharge, adsorption filtration, sedimentation collection and surface self-cleaning is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical fields of livestock and poultry breeding environment control, air purification, windbreak and dust suppression, and biomimetic functional surface technology. Specifically, it relates to a self-cleaning windbreak and dust suppression device that mimics a desert beetle. In particular, it relates to a device that uses a corrugated flow channel to reduce the impact of airflow in the ventilation of livestock and poultry houses, and uses a biomimetic hydrophobic condensation dust-collecting surface to capture dust, aerosols, and some harmful gases in the air. Then, it realizes the transfer, filtration, and centralized treatment of pollutants through a tree-shaped drainage ditch, an activated carbon filter layer, and a dust-containing liquid collection and settling tank. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale development of livestock and poultry farming, air pollution in livestock and poultry houses has become an increasingly prominent problem. Processes such as feeding, animal activity, manure excretion, and ventilation generate large amounts of feed dust, feathers, fecal particles, microbial aerosols, PM10 (inhalable particulate matter), PM2.5 (fine particulate matter), ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and odorous substances. These pollutants not only affect the health and production performance of livestock and poultry but may also be emitted outside the houses through exhaust ventilation, causing pollution to the surrounding environment.

[0003] Livestock and poultry houses typically rely on natural or mechanical ventilation to regulate the internal environment. However, during cold seasons or windy weather, cold air can easily blow directly from the ventilation openings, causing stress to livestock and poultry. Therefore, existing livestock and poultry houses often have structures such as wind deflectors, baffles, louvers, or windproof nets to change wind direction and reduce wind speed. However, these structures are mainly used for wind deflection and airflow guidance, and their ability to capture dust, aerosols, and odorous gases is limited, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve wind protection and air purification.

[0004] Existing air purification methods include filters, spray dust suppression, evaporative cooling pads, activated carbon adsorption, and electrostatic precipitators. Ordinary filters are easily clogged by dust containing feathers, feed debris, and fecal particles, increasing ventilation resistance. While spray dust suppression can capture particulate matter, it requires additional water supply and may increase humidity inside the shed, leading to damp bedding, bacterial growth, and increased ammonia release. Activated carbon can adsorb odors and some harmful gases, but when used directly for air filtration in high-humidity, high-dust environments, its pores are easily clogged by dust and moisture, affecting adsorption efficiency and lifespan.

[0005] Hydrophilic-hydrophobic composite surfaces mimicking the carapace of desert beetles possess the ability to induce water vapor condensation and promote droplet migration, and have been used in mist collection and self-cleaning surface applications. However, existing technologies primarily focus on improving water collection efficiency, with less consideration given to issues such as windbreak and guidance of dusty and odorous airflow in livestock and poultry houses, particle capture, transfer of harmful gases, and treatment of dusty and wastewater. Direct application in livestock and poultry house environments can easily lead to problems such as poor wastewater drainage, surface film formation, or secondary re-spread of pollutants.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a self-cleaning windbreak and dust suppression device suitable for livestock and poultry houses, which combines windbreak and diversion, biomimetic condensation and dust collection, directional sewage discharge, activated carbon filtration and dust-laden liquid sedimentation and collection to achieve integrated treatment of windbreak and dust suppression, air filtration and deodorization. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-cleaning windbreak and dust suppression device inspired by a desert beetle, to solve the problems of existing livestock and poultry house windbreak devices, such as limited functionality, easy clogging of filters, high water consumption for spray dust suppression, easy failure of activated carbon direct air filtration, and easy secondary dispersion of dust. This device reduces airflow impact by setting up a corrugated guide channel, utilizes a biomimetic dust-collecting surface to form in-situ dust-collecting micro-droplets from water vapor in the livestock and poultry house air, and guides the dust-laden liquid to the activated carbon filter layer and dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank through a tree-shaped directional drainage ditch, thus forming a continuous cycle of "windbreak guidance—condensation dust collection—directional drainage—adsorption filtration—sedimentation collection—surface regeneration".

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A self-cleaning windbreak and dust suppression device mimicking a desert beetle includes a windbreak guide plate 1. The windbreak guide plate 1 has multiple corrugated guide channels 2. The windward side of each corrugated guide channel 2 is a smooth guide surface 3, and the leeward side of each corrugated guide channel 2 has a dust-collecting surface 4 mimicking the carapace of a desert beetle. The dust-collecting surface 4 includes multiple hydrophilic dust-collecting protrusions 5 and hydrophobic drainage guide bases located between the hydrophilic dust-collecting protrusions 5. The hydrophilic condensation dust-collecting protrusions 5 have a static contact angle of less than 30° with water, while the hydrophobic drainage guide base 6 has a static contact angle of greater than 110° with water, and the difference between the two contact angles is not less than 90°. A dendritic directional drainage ditch 7 is provided on the hydrophobic drainage guide base 6. The dendritic directional drainage ditch 7 includes multiple branch ditches 7a and at least one main ditch 7b. The branch ditches 7a and the main ditch 7b are connected, with a width of 0.1–1.5 mm and a depth of 0.1–0.8 mm. A dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank 9 is provided at the lower part of the windproof guide plate 1, and an activated carbon filter layer 8 is provided above it. The dust-laden liquid droplets, after being collected by the dendritic directional drainage ditch 7, flow through the activated carbon filter layer 8 into the dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank 9. The activated carbon filter layer 8 is located on the discharge path of the dust-laden liquid droplets and does not constitute the main airflow filtration path.

[0010] Preferably, the corrugated flow channel 2 is any one of a sine wave, an arc-shaped corrugation, a zigzag corrugation, a sand dune-like corrugation, or a continuous ridge-valley structure, and a non-linear flow path is formed between adjacent crests and troughs.

[0011] Preferably, the corrugated flow channel 2 has a peak height of 5–80 mm, a wavelength of 20–300 mm, and a channel width of 10–150 mm; a local low-speed recirculation zone is formed on the leeward side.

[0012] Preferably, the hydrophilic condensation dust-collecting protrusion 5 is any one or a combination of a hemispherical, frustum-shaped, cylindrical crown-shaped, or mushroom-shaped structure; the top diameter of the hydrophilic condensation dust-collecting protrusion 5 is 0.2 to 1.5 mm, the height is 0.1 to 0.8 mm, and the center-to-center distance between adjacent protrusions is 0.8 to 4.0 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the activated carbon filter layer 8 is a granular activated carbon layer, a honeycomb activated carbon layer, an activated carbon fiber felt layer, an activated carbon sponge layer, or a filter layer formed by combining activated carbon with one or more of zeolite, silica gel, bentonite, and modified biochar; the thickness of the activated carbon filter layer 8 is 5 to 80 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the activated carbon filter layer 8 adopts a detachable filter element structure and is installed above the dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank 9 by means of a sliding groove or a snap fastener; a coarse filter screen or an anti-clogging grille is also provided above the activated carbon filter layer 8.

[0015] Preferably, the interior of the dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank 9 is provided with a baffle plate, a sand settling chamber, a liquid discharge port and a sludge discharge port; a semi-enclosed cover plate is also provided above the dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank 9, the semi-enclosed cover plate only retains an inlet that communicates with the dendritic directional sewage ditch 7.

[0016] Preferably, the surface of the hydrophilic condensation dust-collecting bumps 5 is loaded with photocatalytic nanoparticles; the photocatalytic nanoparticles are any one or more of titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide, or titanium dioxide / silicon dioxide composite particles.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. Significant wind deflection and airflow guidance effect: At an inlet wind speed of 2.0 m / s, the wind speed attenuation rate of the complete device (G4) increased from 15.8% to 34.8% compared to the flat and smooth guide plate (G1) with the same projected area and the same opening ratio, an increase of 19.0 percentage points; the pressure drop increased from 14.9 Pa to 27.4 Pa, and the deceleration gain per unit pressure drop was significantly better than that of the flat wind deflection structure (see Table 2 for details).

[0019] 2. High biomimetic condensation dust collection efficiency: At an inlet wind speed of 2.0 m / s, compared to the sample (G2) with only corrugated flow channels and no functional coating, the complete device (G4) achieved a PM10 (inhalable particulate matter) removal rate of 65.9%, an increase of 41.0 percentage points; and a PM2.5 (fine particulate matter) removal rate of 53.1%, an increase of 36.3 percentage points, demonstrating the significant gain of biomimetic hydrophilic-hydrophobic composite surface condensation dust collection. This gain is achieved by a contact angle difference of not less than 90° between the hydrophilic condensation dust collection protrusions 5 and the hydrophobic drainage flow base 6, which allows water vapor to preferentially condense at the hydrophilic protrusions and promotes timely desorption of dust-laden droplets (see Table 2 for details).

[0020] 3. Synergistic effect of directional sewage discharge and filtration of dust-laden liquid: After being collected by the dendritic directional sewage discharge channel 7, the dust-laden liquid droplets flow through the activated carbon filter layer 8 and then enter the dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank 9, which further improves the removal of gaseous pollutants compared with the group without activated carbon layer (G3): the ammonia removal rate increases from 22.8% to 29.7% (+6.9 percentage points), the hydrogen sulfide removal rate increases from 18.6% to 26.1% (+7.5 percentage points), and the acetic acid vapor removal rate increases from 30.2% to 41.8% (+11.6 percentage points), which reflects the secondary adsorption effect of activated carbon on dissolved gases in dust-laden liquid (see Table 4 for details).

[0021] 4. Significant effect of dust-laden liquid settling and filtration: At an inlet wind speed of 2.0 m / s, after the G4 group collected liquid was treated by the activated carbon filter layer 8 and the dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank 9, the turbidity decreased from 780 NTU (scattered turbidity unit) to 145 NTU (removal rate 81.4%), COD (chemical oxygen demand) decreased from 165 mg / L to 78 mg / L (removal rate 52.7%), ammonia nitrogen decreased from 8.4 mg / L to 4.8 mg / L (removal rate 42.9%), and sulfide decreased from 1.20 mg / L to 0.46 mg / L (removal rate 61.7%) (see Table 5 for details).

[0022] 5. Good self-cleaning and cycle durability: The dendritic directional drainage ditch 7 adopts a graded confluence structure of branch ditch 7a and main ditch 7b, which increases the drainage efficiency from 71.8% of the ditchless sample (G3a) to 89.4% (+17.6 percentage points), and the residual dust rate after drainage decreases from 23.9% to 8.6% (-15.3 percentage points); after 30 cycles, the PM10 removal rate is maintained at 95.5%, which is significantly higher than the 82.4% of the ditchless sample; the contact angle data shows that the wettability of the hydrophilic protrusion and the hydrophobic substrate slowly decreases within 30 cycles, with the contact angle of the hydrophilic protrusion increasing from 17.6° to 21.9° and the contact angle of the hydrophobic substrate decreasing from 124.3° to 119.8° (see Tables 6 and 7 for details).

[0023] 6. Integrated Design: This device integrates windproofing, dust suppression, deodorization, dust-laden liquid collection, and surface self-cleaning into the same windproof guide plate structure 1. This avoids the extra water consumption and damp bedding issues associated with spray dust suppression, and also avoids the problem of easy clogging and failure when activated carbon is used directly for air filtration. It is suitable for use in various scenarios such as ventilation openings in livestock and poultry houses, side wall ventilation openings, and windproof enclosure structures. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is an isometric structural schematic diagram of the self-cleaning windproof and dust-suppressing device that mimics the desert beetle of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of the device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a rear view schematic diagram of the device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention along line AA.

[0028] Figure 5 This is an isometric structural diagram of the corrugated flow channel 2 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the biomimetic condensation dust-collecting surface 4 of the present invention.

[0030] The component numbers in the diagram are as follows:

[0031] 1—Windproof guide plate; 2—Corrugated guide channel; 3—Smooth guide surface; 4—Bionic dust collection surface; 5—Hydrophilic dust collection protrusions; 6—Hydrophobic drainage guide base; 7—Denial directional drainage ditch; 8—Activated carbon filter layer; 9—Dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained and described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A self-cleaning windproof and dust-suppressing device that mimics a desert beetle includes a windproof guide plate 1, a corrugated guide channel 2, an activated carbon filter layer 8, and a dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank 9, which is installed at the air inlet window or side wall ventilation opening of a livestock and poultry house.

[0035] The windproof guide plate 1 has multiple corrugated guide channels 2 arranged vertically or horizontally. The corrugated guide channels 2 are continuously corrugated, and each channel includes a windward side and a leeward side. The windward side is set as a smooth guide surface 3 with low surface roughness to reduce airflow inlet resistance and reduce the accumulation of large dust particles on the windward side.

[0036] A biomimetic condensation and dust collection surface 4 is provided on the leeward side of the corrugated flow channel 2. Since the airflow velocity is lower on the leeward side and a local backflow zone is easily formed, the probability of dust particles contacting the wall surface is higher, which is beneficial for dust collection.

[0037] The biomimetic condensation dust-collecting surface 4 includes multiple arrayed hydrophilic condensation dust-collecting bumps 5 and a hydrophobic drainage and guiding substrate 6. The hydrophilic condensation dust-collecting bumps 5 are hemispherical, with a top diameter of 0.6 mm and a height of 0.3 mm. The center-to-center distance between adjacent hydrophilic condensation dust-collecting bumps 5 is 2.0 mm. The surface of the hydrophilic condensation dust-collecting bumps 5 is coated with a nano-silica hydrophilic coating, ensuring that their static contact angle with water is less than 20°.

[0038] The surface of the hydrophobic drainage guide substrate 6 is coated with a fluorosilane or polydimethylsiloxane coating, making its static contact angle with water greater than 120°. A significant contact angle difference is formed between the hydrophilic condensation dust-collecting protrusions 5 and the hydrophobic drainage guide substrate 6, causing water vapor to preferentially condense at the hydrophilic condensation dust-collecting protrusions 5, while the dust-laden droplets can quickly roll off the hydrophobic drainage guide substrate 6 after desorption.

[0039] A dendritic directional drainage channel 7 is provided on the hydrophobic drainage guide base 6. The dendritic directional drainage channel 7 includes multiple branch channels 7a and a main channel 7b. The multiple branch channels 7a are respectively connected to the vicinity of the hydrophilic condensation and dust collection protrusions 5 in different areas, and the main channel 7b extends downward along the direction of gravity.

[0040] The dendritic directional drainage ditch 7 has a width of 0.3 mm and a depth of 0.2 mm. This ditch size allows dust-laden droplets or dust-laden micro-slurry to pass through, reducing the risk of particle deposition and clogging.

[0041] The bottom of the windbreak and guide plate 1 is equipped with a dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank 9. An activated carbon filter layer 8 is installed above the dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank 9. The activated carbon filter layer 8 uses a granular activated carbon filter element, and a coarse filter screen or anti-clogging grid is installed above the filter element to block larger feathers and feed debris.

[0042] During operation, the airflow exchanged between the inside and outside of the livestock and poultry house enters the corrugated guide channel 2 and is slowed down and redirected by the corrugated structure. Water vapor in the airflow condenses at the hydrophilic condensation dust-collecting protrusions 5, forming micro-droplets. These micro-droplets capture PM10, PM2.5, feed dust, feather dust, and some microbial aerosols. As the droplets grow larger, the dust-laden droplets detach from the hydrophilic condensation dust-collecting protrusions 5 and converge downwards along the dendritic directional drainage ditch 7. After flowing through the activated carbon filter layer 8, they enter the dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank 9. Particulate matter in the dust-laden liquid settles in the tank, and pollutants are collected in a concentrated manner, thereby reducing the risk of secondary dust generation.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] This embodiment improves upon the activated carbon filter layer 8 based on Embodiment 1.

[0045] The activated carbon filter layer 8 uses a composite filter media of modified activated carbon, zeolite, and biochar. Among them, the modified activated carbon is used to adsorb volatile organic compounds and odor substances, the zeolite is used to enhance the adsorption of ammonium nitrogen and some ammonia dissolved products, and the biochar is used to improve the overall pore structure and adsorption capacity.

[0046] The composite filter media can be filled into a removable filter box, which is installed above the dust-laden liquid collection settling tank 9 via a sliding groove or snap-fit. When the filter media becomes saturated or clogged, the filter box can be removed for replacement or regeneration.

[0047] This embodiment is particularly suitable for breeding environments with high concentrations of ammonia and odorous substances, such as egg-laying hen houses, broiler houses, and pig houses.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] This embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, further loads photocatalytic nanoparticles onto the surface of the hydrophilic condensation dust-collecting bumps 5. The photocatalytic nanoparticles can be titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide, or titanium dioxide / silicon dioxide composite particles.

[0050] When the device is installed in a location with natural or artificial light, the photocatalytic nanoparticles can degrade or inhibit some organic and microbial pollutants, reducing the risk that the surface of the hydrophilic condensation dust-collecting protrusions 5 will be covered by organic dirt and become ineffective.

[0051] For livestock sheds with insufficient indoor lighting, low-power ultraviolet lamps or visible light LEDs (light-emitting diodes) can be placed near the device to enhance the photocatalytic self-cleaning effect.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] This embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, adds a baffle plate and a settling chamber to the dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank 9. After entering the dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank 9, the flow velocity is first reduced by the baffle plate, and then it enters the settling chamber. Particulate matter settles in the settling chamber, the supernatant is discharged through the drain outlet, and the bottom sediment is periodically discharged through the sludge discharge outlet.

[0054] A semi-enclosed cover can also be installed above the dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank 9, leaving only the inlet connected to the dendritic directional sewage ditch 7, thereby reducing the possibility that the sediment will be re-carried up by the airflow after drying.

[0055] Example 5: Performance Verification Scheme and Test Data

[0056] 5.1 Sample and Control Group

[0057] A prototype with an effective windward dimension of 500 mm × 500 mm was prepared. The complete device employs a continuous corrugated flow channel with a crest height of 30 mm, a wavelength of 100 mm, and a channel width of 40 mm; hydrophilic protrusions have a diameter of 0.6 mm, a height of 0.3 mm, and a center-to-center spacing of 2.0 mm; dendritic grooves are 0.3 mm wide and 0.2 mm deep; the composite filter layer is 20 mm thick, and the mass ratio of modified activated carbon, zeolite, and biochar is 5:3:2. All the above dimensions are within the aforementioned structural range, facilitating the correlation between performance results and specific structures.

[0058] Table 1. Control group and its validation objective

[0059] Group Sample composition Main verification purpose G0 Air duct, no sample installed Determine the background loss and monitoring deviation of the air duct. G1 Straight and smooth guide plates with equal projected area and equal orifice ratio Evaluation of the baseline performance of a conventional windshield structure G2 Corrugated flow channel, no functional coating Contribution of separated corrugated structure to deceleration, pressure drop, and inertial dust collection G3 G2+ hydrophilic-hydrophobic composite surface + dendritic grooves, no activated carbon layer Evaluate the contribution of dust collection and targeted pollution discharge. G4 The complete device includes a composite activated carbon filter layer and a settling tank. Evaluate the overall performance of the machine G4-NC Similar to G4, but the surface temperature is not lower than the dew point, and no condensate forms. The contribution of distinguishing surface dry adhesion from condensation droplet trapping G3a Similar to G3, but with closed dendritic grooves. For self-cleaning tests only, to evaluate the drainage function of the trench.

[0060] 5.2 Test setup, conditions and replication

[0061] A closed or intake-type wind tunnel was used, with a test section cross-section of no less than 600 mm × 600 mm, and a sealed frame was used to eliminate bypass around the sample. Nine-point grid sampling sections for wind speed, static pressure, and pollutants were set at 300 mm upstream and 500 mm downstream, respectively. Under condensation conditions, the air temperature was controlled at (25±2)℃ and the relative humidity at (78±3)%, and the sample surface temperature was maintained at (20±1)℃ using a temperature control backplate. The dew point was calculated online to ensure that the surface temperature was at least 1.5℃ below the dew point. Humidity was adjusted upstream using only a humidifier, and no direct spraying was applied to the sample surface. The temperature control backplate was only used to establish a repeatable condensation boundary on the test bench and did not constitute proof that the device would necessarily condense in the absence of a cold source. A non-condensation condition, G4-NC, was also set up: the air and surface temperatures were both (25±1)℃ and the relative humidity was (55±3)%, to separate the dry collection effect when there was no condensate.

[0062] For particulate matter testing, it is recommended to use a mixture of livestock and poultry feed dust sieved through a 100-mesh sieve and fine test dust according to ISO 12103-1 A2 at a mass ratio of 7:3. At the default wind speed of 2.0 m / s, the inlet PM10 should be controlled at (900±60) μg / m³. 3 PM2.5 should be controlled at (260±25) μg / m³ 3 Gas and dust tests were conducted separately to reduce sensor cross-interference; inlet ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and acetic acid vapors could be controlled at (15.0±1.0) ppm, (0.80±0.08) ppm, and (5.0±0.5) ppm, respectively. These concentrations are only controlled test conditions and are not exposure limits for livestock and poultry housing.

[0063] Each group and each wind speed was independently repeated three times. Each test was run for 30 minutes to reach a steady state, followed by continuous sampling for 60 minutes; the gas absorption and re-release test could be extended to 120 minutes. Each group should maintain consistent prototype dimensions, orifice ratio, inlet concentration, temperature, humidity, and sampling flow rate. Zero-point, span, and flow rate calibrations were performed before and after the test; the air ducts were replaced or cleaned in each round, and the group order was randomized.

[0064] 5.3 Evaluation Indicators and Calculation Methods

[0065] Wind resistance and windproofing: Record the static pressure difference Δp before and after the sample; wind speed attenuation rate. , where v in and v out The average wind speed is calculated at nine points upstream and downstream.

[0066] Particulate matter and gas removal: pollutant removal rate , where Cin, Cout, and Cbg are the background concentrations at the inlet, outlet, and duct, respectively.

[0067] Drainage and Residue: Drainage Efficiency , where m col For the mass of the collected liquid, m res For the mass of residual liquid on the surface, m evap Evaporation loss is estimated from a synchronous blank dish; residual dust is the percentage of the surface solid mass remaining 10 min after draining relative to the total solid mass captured in this round.

[0068] Durability: A cycle consisting of one dust-laden operation, natural drainage, and quantitative rinsing with deionized water was performed. The contact angle, drainage efficiency, and PM10 removal rate were recorded at cycles 0, 10, 20, and 30; performance retention rate after 30 cycles was also assessed. .

[0069] 5.4 Test Results of Wind Resistance, Wind Speed ​​Decrease and Particulate Matter Control

[0070] Table 2 Performance of each group under 2.0 m / s condition (n=3, mean ± standard deviation)

[0071] Group Pressure drop / Pa Wind speed attenuation rate / % PM10 removal rate / % PM2.5 removal rate / % G0 1.8±0.4 1.2±0.6 2.1±0.9 1.4±0.7 G1 14.9±1.1 15.8±1.8 10.8±1.5 7.1±1.2 G2 21.2±1.5 32.6±2.1 24.9±2.4 16.8±1.9 G3 24.6±1.8 34.1±2.0 64.1±3.2 51.8±2.7 G4-NC 27.0±1.9 34.5±2.2 36.8±2.7 25.9±2.3 G4 27.4±2.0 34.8±2.3 65.9±3.0 53.1±2.6

[0072] According to the test results in Table 2, the wind speed reduction rate of G2 increased from 15.8% to 32.6% compared to G1, indicating that the corrugated channel is the main contributing unit for wind deceleration. The PM10 and PM2.5 removal rates of G3 increased by 39.2 and 35.0 percentage points respectively compared to G2, with the increase mainly coming from condensate droplet capture and particle contact with wet surfaces in the leeward recirculation zone. The PM10 and PM2.5 removal rates of the G4 condensation condition increased by 29.1 and 27.2 percentage points respectively compared to the G4-NC non-condensation condition, which can be used to verify the gain from condensate droplets; however, if the actual surface temperature is not lower than the dew point, the expected efficiency of the condensation condition cannot be directly applied. The immediate particulate matter removal rates of G3 and G4 are close, consistent with the structural characteristic that the activated carbon layer is located in the drainage path rather than the main airflow filtration path; the small difference between the two groups should not be interpreted as the activated carbon directly filtering the air.

[0073] 5.5 Test results of the complete device under different wind speeds

[0074] Table 3 Performance of Group G4 at different inlet wind velocities (n=3, mean ± standard deviation)

[0075] Inlet wind speed (m / s) Pressure drop / Pa Wind speed attenuation rate / % PM10 removal rate / % PM2.5 removal rate / % Drainage efficiency / % 1.0 8.1±0.8 38.6±2.2 72.4±3.0 60.8±2.7 91.3±2.1 2.0 27.4±2.0 34.8±2.3 65.9±3.0 53.1±2.6 89.2±2.4 3.0 58.3±3.7 29.7±2.5 57.6±3.4 44.5±3.0 86.0±2.8

[0076] The test results demonstrate the trade-off between residence time and ventilation resistance: as the inlet velocity increases from 1.0 m / s to 3.0 m / s, particulate matter removal rate and drainage efficiency decrease, while pressure drop increases significantly. Therefore, the recommended initial validation range for the prototype structure is 1.0–2.0 m / s; if actual livestock and poultry houses require higher ventilation volumes, the pressure drop per unit air volume should be reduced by increasing the effective flow area, using parallel modules, or optimizing the corrugation curvature, rather than simply compensating by increasing fan power.

[0077] 5.6 Test Results of Hazardous Gas Transfer and Dust-laden Liquid Treatment

[0078] Table 4. Removal rate of gaseous pollutants at 2.0 m / s (n=3, mean ± standard deviation)

[0079] Group Ammonia removal rate / % Hydrogen sulfide removal rate / % Acetic acid vapor removal rate / % G2 3.5±1.0 4.2±1.1 4.1±1.0 G3 22.8±2.2 18.6±1.9 30.2±2.5 G4 29.7±2.4 26.1±2.2 41.8±2.7

[0080] Table 5 Water quality of G4 group collected solution before and after filtration and sedimentation (n=3, mean ± standard deviation)

[0081] index Before filtration and sedimentation After filtration and sedimentation Removal rate / % Turbidity / NTU 780±65 145±24 81.4 COD / (mg / L) 165±14 78±9 52.7 Ammonia nitrogen (mg / L) 8.4±0.7 4.8±0.5 42.9 Sulfides (mg / L) 1.20±0.10 0.46±0.06 61.7

[0082] The difference between the results for G3 and G4 should be interpreted as the activated carbon / zeolite composite filter media reducing the concentration of pollutants in the collected liquid and inhibiting re-release during long-term operation, rather than the filter media directly intercepting the main airflow. The reductions in turbidity, COD (chemical oxygen demand), ammonia nitrogen, and sulfides shown in Table 5 can serve as verification indicators of the synergistic effect between the filter media and the settling tank.

[0083] 5.7 Test results of the self-cleaning function and cyclic durability of the dendritic grooves

[0084] Table 6 Self-cleaning performance with and without dendritic grooves (n=3, mean ± standard deviation)

[0085] Group Drainage efficiency / % Residual dust rate after drainage / % Initial PM10 removal rate / % PM10 removal rate after 30 cycles / % G3a (without grooves) 71.8±3.4 23.9±2.8 64.3±3.1 53.0±3.0 G3 (with grooves) 89.4±2.6 8.6±1.5 64.1±3.2 61.2±2.8

[0086] Table 7. Surface and performance changes in Group G3 after 30 cycles (n=3, mean ± standard deviation)

[0087] Loop count Hydrophilic bump contact angle / (°) Contact angle of hydrophobic substrate / (°) Drainage efficiency / % PM10 removal rate / % 0 17.6±1.1 124.3±2.0 89.4±2.6 64.1±3.2 10 18.4±1.3 123.0±2.1 88.9±2.5 63.7±3.1 20 19.8±1.5 121.6±2.3 88.1±2.7 62.8±3.0 30 21.9±1.7 119.8±2.4 87.3±2.9 61.2±2.8

[0088] The measured results in Table 6 show that the dendritic grooves can increase the drainage efficiency by 17.6 percentage points and reduce the residual dust rate from 23.9% to 8.6%. The PM10 removal rate of the grooved sample after 30 cycles remained at 95.5%, which is higher than the 82.4% of the sample without grooves. Table 7 also shows the test results of the slow decay of wettability.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning windbreak and dust suppression device mimicking a desert beetle, characterized in that, The device includes a windproof guide plate (1), on which multiple corrugated guide channels (2) are provided. The windward side of the corrugated guide channels (2) is a smooth guide surface (3), and the leeward side of the corrugated guide channels (2) is provided with a dust-collecting surface (4) that mimics the carapace of a desert beetle. The dust-collecting surface (4) includes multiple hydrophilic dust-collecting protrusions (5) and a hydrophobic drainage guide base (6) located between the hydrophilic dust-collecting protrusions (5). The static contact angle between the water condensation dust-collecting protrusion (5) and water is less than 30°, and the static contact angle between the hydrophobic drainage guide base (6) and water is greater than 110°, with a contact angle difference of not less than 90°; a dendritic directional drainage ditch (7) is provided on the hydrophobic drainage guide base (6), the dendritic directional drainage ditch (7) includes multiple branch ditches (7a) and at least one main ditch (7b), the branch ditch (7a) is connected to the main ditch (7b), and the width is 0.1~1.

5. mm, depth 0.1~0.8 mm; the lower part of the windproof guide plate (1) is provided with a dust-containing liquid collection and settling tank (9), and an activated carbon filter layer (8) is provided above it; the dust-containing liquid droplets are collected by the dendritic directional sewage ditch (7) and flow through the activated carbon filter layer (8) into the dust-containing liquid collection and settling tank (9). The activated carbon filter layer (8) is located on the discharge path of the dust-containing liquid droplets and does not constitute the main airflow filtration path.

2. The self-cleaning windbreak and dust suppression device mimicking a desert beetle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The corrugated flow channel (2) is any one of sinusoidal waveform, arc-shaped corrugation, zigzag corrugation, sand dune-like corrugation or continuous ridge-valley structure, and a non-linear flow path is formed between adjacent crests and troughs.

3. The self-cleaning windbreak and dust suppression device mimicking a desert beetle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The corrugated guide channel (2) has a peak height of 5-80 mm, a wavelength of 20-300 mm, and a channel width of 10-150 mm; a local low-speed recirculation zone is formed on the leeward side.

4. The self-cleaning windbreak and dust suppression device mimicking a desert beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrophilic condensation dust-collecting protrusion (5) is any one or a combination of a hemispherical, frustum-shaped, cylindrical crown-shaped or mushroom-shaped structure; the top diameter of the hydrophilic condensation dust-collecting protrusion (5) is 0.2 to 1.5 mm, the height is 0.1 to 0.8 mm, and the center-to-center distance between adjacent protrusions is 0.8 to 4.0 mm.

5. The self-cleaning windbreak and dust suppression device mimicking a desert beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The activated carbon filter layer (8) is a granular activated carbon layer, a honeycomb activated carbon layer, an activated carbon fiber felt layer, an activated carbon sponge layer, or a filter layer formed by combining activated carbon with one or more of zeolite, silica gel, bentonite, and modified biochar; the thickness of the activated carbon filter layer (8) is 5 to 80 mm.

6. The self-cleaning windbreak and dust suppression device mimicking a desert beetle according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The activated carbon filter layer (8) adopts a detachable filter element structure and is installed above the dust-containing liquid collection settling tank (9) by means of a sliding groove or a snap fastener; a coarse filter screen or anti-clogging grid is also provided above the activated carbon filter layer (8).

7. The self-cleaning windbreak and dust suppression device mimicking a desert beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank (9) is equipped with a baffle plate, a sand settling chamber, a liquid outlet and a sludge outlet; a semi-enclosed cover plate is also provided above the dust-laden liquid collection and settling tank (9), and the semi-enclosed cover plate only retains the inlet that communicates with the dendritic directional sewage ditch (7).

8. The self-cleaning windbreak and dust suppression device mimicking a desert beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the hydrophilic condensation dust-collecting bumps (5) is loaded with photocatalytic nanoparticles; the photocatalytic nanoparticles are any one or more of titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide, or titanium dioxide / silicon dioxide composite particles.

Images