A gas purification cryosorb cartridge

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of gas purification, and relates to a gas purification low-temperature adsorption cylinder, which comprises a cylinder body, a conical flow-distribution cover fixedly installed on the inner top and bottom of the cylinder body, flow holes with gradually increasing density along the direction from the top to the bottom of the cone, two porous plates arranged between the two conical flow-distribution covers, air-permeable holes uniformly distributed on the porous plates, a plurality of groups of electric heating wires arranged in the axial direction in the side wall of the cylinder body, heat insulation components arranged between adjacent electric heating wires, a plurality of baffle plates arranged between the two porous plates, the distribution density of air holes on the baffle plates gradually increasing from the central region to the edge region, an adsorption gas inlet pipe and a desorption gas outlet pipe arranged at the bottom of the cylinder body, and an adsorption gas outlet pipe and a desorption gas inlet pipe arranged at the top of the cylinder body; the present application realizes the radial uniform distribution of gas through the multi-stage flow-distribution structure of the conical flow-distribution cover and the baffle plate, and realizes the temperature incremental control along the direction of the desorption gas flow through the sectional electric heating wires and the heat insulation components, thereby effectively solving the technical problems of uneven utilization of adsorbents in the purification stage and secondary pollution in the regeneration stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas purification technology, and in particular to a low-temperature adsorption cartridge for gas purification. Background Technology

[0002] In the electronics industry, semiconductor manufacturing, aerospace, and high-purity gas production, gas purification is a crucial step in ensuring product quality and production safety. Low-temperature adsorption technology, due to its excellent removal capabilities for water vapor, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and hydrocarbon impurities, has become one of the core methods in high-purity gas purification processes. The low-temperature adsorption cartridge, as the core equipment of this technology, uses adsorbents such as molecular sieves, alumina, or activated carbon filled inside to physically adsorb impurities in a low-temperature environment, thereby obtaining high-purity gas.

[0003] However, cryogenic adsorption cylinders face a prominent structural contradiction in actual operation. During the purification phase, the gas to be purified enters from one end of the adsorption cylinder and passes through the adsorbent layer axially. Because the gas diffuses in a jet-like manner after entering from a single point, the gas flow distribution in the radial regions of the adsorbent layer is extremely uneven, with high velocity in the central region and low velocity in the peripheral region. This results in significant differences in adsorbent utilization; the central region has a high adsorption load and quickly saturates, while the peripheral regions are far from reaching their adsorption capacity. This uneven adsorption distribution significantly reduces the overall effective adsorption capacity of the adsorption cylinder, and the actual operating cycle is much shorter than the design value.

[0004] More seriously, the aforementioned uneven adsorption directly exacerbates the secondary pollution problem during the regeneration stage. During regeneration, a heat source heats the adsorption cylinder, and regeneration gas enters from one end, desorbing and carrying away the impurities enriched in the adsorbent. Because the adsorption load in the central region during the purification stage is much higher than that at the edges, the concentration of impurities desorbed from the central region is extremely high in the early stages of regeneration. These high-concentration impurity gases flow downstream with the gas flow, but the downstream region, due to the lag in heat transfer, has not yet reached the sufficient desorption temperature, and some impurities are recaptured by the low-temperature adsorbent, resulting in incomplete regeneration in the downstream region. Under long-term operation, secondary pollution can also cause accelerated degradation of adsorbent performance, increased regeneration frequency, and increased energy consumption, requiring frequent adsorbent replacement in severe cases.

[0005] Existing technologies mostly optimize processes by extending regeneration time, increasing regeneration temperature, or increasing regeneration gas volume. However, they fail to address the two related issues of uneven adsorption during purification and secondary pollution during regeneration from the perspective of equipment structure. There is an urgent need for a new type of low-temperature adsorption cylinder that can achieve uniform adsorption distribution and block the mechanism of secondary pollution through structural design. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a low-temperature adsorption cartridge for gas purification.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A low-temperature adsorption cylinder for gas purification includes a cylinder body. Conical flow equalization hoods are fixedly installed at the top and bottom of the inner side of the cylinder body. The smaller ends of the two conical flow equalization hoods are positioned close to the end of the cylinder body, and the larger ends of the conical flow equalization hoods are fitted against the inner wall of the cylinder body. Multiple flow equalization holes are formed on the conical flow equalization hoods, with the density of the holes gradually increasing from the apex to the bottom of the cone. Two perforated plates are disposed between the two conical flow equalization hoods, horizontally installed inside the cylinder body. Multiple perforated holes are evenly distributed on the perforated plates. The cylinder has multiple sets of electric heating wires arranged axially inside its sidewall. A heat insulation component is provided between adjacent electric heating wires. Multiple partitions are provided between the two perforated plates. The partitions are horizontally installed inside the cylinder and are located between adjacent electric heating wires. Multiple vent holes are provided on the partitions. The distribution density of the vent holes on the partitions gradually increases from the central region to the edge region. An adsorption inlet pipe and a desorption outlet pipe are provided at the bottom of the cylinder, and an adsorption outlet pipe and a desorption inlet pipe are provided at the top of the cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the upper and lower surfaces of the partition are provided with multiple flow-guiding ribs, which are arranged radially around the outside of the vent.

[0010] Preferably, the height of the guide rib gradually decreases from the direction close to the vent to the direction away from the vent.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of diversion protrusions are provided between each two adjacent guide ribs, and the diversion protrusions are fixedly disposed on the partition plate; the height of the diversion protrusions is lower than the height of the guide ribs; the diversion protrusions are elliptical, and the major axis of the diversion protrusions is arranged radially along the vent hole.

[0012] Preferably, the surface of the partition is coated with a ceramic heat-insulating coating; and the space between the two porous plates is filled with an adsorbent material.

[0013] Preferably, the power of each group of electric heating wires increases sequentially from top to bottom; an annular groove is provided on the side wall of the cylinder between two adjacent groups of electric heating wires, and the heat insulation component is aerogel particles filled in the annular groove.

[0014] Preferably, in the regeneration-desorption mode, the desorption inlet pipe and the desorption outlet pipe are open, and the adsorption inlet pipe and the adsorption outlet pipe are closed; the electric heating wires are energized, and the power of each group of electric heating wires increases sequentially from top to bottom, so that a temperature gradient is formed inside the cylinder along the airflow direction.

[0015] Preferably, in the purification working mode, the adsorption inlet pipe and the adsorption outlet pipe are open, the desorption inlet pipe is closed, and the desorption outlet pipe is closed; the electric heating wire is turned off, and the external refrigeration system cools the cylinder to maintain a low-temperature working environment.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] This invention utilizes conical flow equalization hoods at the top and bottom of the cylinder, with the density of the flow equalization holes gradually increasing from the cone apex to the cone apex. This allows the gas entering the cylinder to diffuse gradually from a central jet state in the initial stage, achieving a preliminary uniform distribution of gas radially within the adsorbent layer. This effectively avoids the problems of local adsorbent overload or cavity waste caused by concentrated airflow in traditional structures. Two perforated plates are placed between the two conical flow equalization hoods, with their uniformly distributed vents further rectifying the airflow and providing a stable foundation for subsequent radial distribution. Multiple baffles are arranged between the perforated plates, with the vent density on the baffles gradually increasing from the central region to the edge region. This allows the gas to naturally diffuse from the center to the edge during axial downward flow, enhancing the uniformity of radial distribution and significantly improving the overall uniformity of the adsorbent distribution. The system improves overall gas utilization. Simultaneously, multiple sets of electric heating wires are axially arranged inside the cylinder sidewall, with heat insulation components between adjacent heating wires. This ensures that the desorbed gas, flowing downwards during the regeneration stage, passes through areas with progressively increasing temperatures, forming a stable axial temperature gradient. This guarantees that desorbed impurities remain in a high-temperature environment and cannot be recaptured by the adsorbent in low-temperature zones, completely avoiding secondary pollution during regeneration. Through a rational layout of the adsorption inlet pipe, desorption outlet pipe, and desorption inlet pipe, independent and efficient switching between adsorption and desorption conditions is achieved. This allows for both high adsorption efficiency and thorough regeneration without altering the overall structure, comprehensively addressing the technical shortcomings of uneven radial gas distribution and impurity re-adsorption during the regeneration stage in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0023] In the picture:

[0024] 1. Cylinder body; 2. Conical flow equalization hood; 201. Flow equalization hole; 3. Perforated plate; 301. Vent hole; 4. Electric heating wire; 5. Heat insulation component; 6. Partition plate; 601. Vent hole; 7. Adsorption inlet pipe; 8. Desorption outlet pipe; 9. Adsorption outlet pipe; 10. Desorption inlet pipe; 11. Guide ribs; 12. Diversion protrusions. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0026] like Figure 1-5As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a low-temperature adsorption cylinder for gas purification, including a cylinder body 1. Conical flow equalization hoods 2 are fixedly installed on the top and bottom of the inner side of the cylinder body 1. The smaller ends of the two conical flow equalization hoods 2 are positioned close to the end of the cylinder body 1, and the larger ends of the conical flow equalization hoods 2 are fitted against the inner wall of the cylinder body 1. Multiple flow equalization holes 201 are formed on the conical flow equalization hoods 2. The density of the flow equalization holes 201 gradually increases from the cone apex to the cone bottom. This structure allows the gas entering the cylinder body 1 to gradually diffuse from the center to the edge in the initial stage, achieving diffusion through the increasing density of the flow equalization holes 201. The uniform radial distribution of the gas flow field effectively solves the problem of uneven radial gas distribution within the adsorbent layer. Two perforated plates 3 are installed between the two conical flow equalization hoods 2. The perforated plates 3 are horizontally installed inside the cylinder 1, and multiple vent holes 301 are evenly distributed on the perforated plates 3. The perforated plates 3 initially distribute the gas evenly and support the adsorbent layer, further stabilizing the airflow pattern. Multiple sets of electric heating wires 4 are arranged axially inside the side wall of the cylinder 1, and heat insulation components 5 are installed between adjacent electric heating wires 4. The heat is blocked by the heat insulation components 5 through segmented independent heating. Axial conduction creates a temperature gradient from bottom to top inside the cylinder 1 along the airflow direction, ensuring that impurities desorbed during the regeneration stage are fully removed in the high-temperature zone and preventing re-adsorption when they descend with the airflow to the low-temperature adsorption zone. This fundamentally solves the technical problem of secondary pollution caused by desorbed impurities in the low-temperature zone during the regeneration stage. Multiple baffles 6 are provided between the two perforated plates 3, horizontally installed inside the cylinder 1, located between adjacent electric heating wires 4. Multiple vent holes 601 are provided on the baffles 6, with the distribution density of the vent holes 601 on the baffles 6 ranging from... The central region gradually increases towards the edge region. This design enables the airflow to penetrate radially and uniformly within each adsorbent layer, enhancing the consistency of gas distribution in each axial layer. In conjunction with the conical flow equalization hood 2, it comprehensively improves the overall uniformity of gas distribution in the adsorbent bed. The bottom of the cylinder 1 is equipped with an adsorption inlet pipe 7 and a desorption outlet pipe 8, while the top of the cylinder 1 is equipped with an adsorption outlet pipe 9 and a desorption inlet pipe 10. Through the reverse arrangement of the flow channels, independent operation of adsorption and desorption conditions is achieved, improving the system's operational flexibility and energy efficiency ratio.

[0027] Specifically, multiple guide ribs 11 are provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the partition 6, and the guide ribs 11 are arranged radially around the outside of the vent 601. When gas passes through the vent 601, the guide ribs 11 can guide the airflow radially, and the gas spreads outward evenly in a radial pattern along the periphery of the vent 601, effectively suppressing the local jet phenomenon caused by the gas pressure difference, thereby avoiding the problem of uneven radial distribution caused by local concentration and axial penetration of gas in the adsorbent layer. Combined with the distribution characteristic of the vent 601 on the partition 6 where the density gradually increases from the central region to the edge region, the guide ribs 11 further optimize the lateral diffusion path of the gas in the adsorbent layer, so that the gas can enter the lower adsorbent layer more evenly, significantly improving the overall utilization rate of the adsorbent. At the same time, during the regeneration stage, it can effectively prevent desorbed impurities from undergoing secondary adsorption in the low-temperature region due to local airflow turbulence, enhancing the stability of system operation and purification efficiency.

[0028] Specifically, the height of the guide ribs 11 gradually decreases from near the vent 601 to away from the vent 601. This, combined with the gradually increasing distribution density of the vent 601 on the partition 6 from the center to the edge, and the radial arrangement of the guide ribs 11 around the vent 601, allows the high-pressure airflow in the center region to be effectively spread outward radially under the forced guidance of the higher guide ribs 11. Meanwhile, the low-pressure airflow in the edge region diffuses smoothly in the low-resistance channel formed by the lower guide ribs 11. This achieves adaptive equilibrium of radial flow velocity after the gas exits the vent 601, significantly improving the radial distribution uniformity of the gas within the adsorbent layer. It avoids the problems of low local adsorption efficiency or re-adsorption of impurities during regeneration caused by concentrated airflow in the center region and sluggish airflow in the edge region, thus improving the stability and efficiency of the overall purification and regeneration process.

[0029] Specifically, multiple diversion protrusions 12 are provided between each pair of adjacent guide ribs 11, and the diversion protrusions 12 are fixedly installed on the partition plate 6; the height of the diversion protrusions 12 is lower than the height of the guide ribs 11; the diversion protrusions 12 are elliptical, and the major axis of the diversion protrusions 12 is arranged radially along the vent hole 601. After the gas is initially radially diffused by the guide ribs 11, it will further come into contact with and be disturbed by the diversion protrusions 12. As a small fluid resistance structure, the diversion protrusions 12 can further divide and redistribute the airflow that may have been locally concentrated, effectively suppressing the micro-area vortex or concentrated dispersion phenomenon formed by local flow resistance differences during the radial diffusion process, thereby further improving the uniformity of gas distribution in the adsorbent layer. This structure continues to play a role in the upward or downward movement of the gas. In particular, under the synergistic effect of the density gradient of the vent 601 and the radial structure of the guide ribs 11, the gas completes multi-stage flow equalization treatment before entering the adsorbent layer, significantly reducing the impact of local flow velocity fluctuations on adsorption efficiency and regeneration effect, and improving the overall stability and purification accuracy of the system.

[0030] Specifically, the surface of the partition 6 is coated with a ceramic heat-insulating coating, and the space between the two porous plates 3 is filled with an absorbent material. This ceramic heat-insulating coating is not used to completely isolate the heat exchange between the upper and lower sides of the partition 6, but rather utilizes the fact that the thermal conductivity of ceramic material is much lower than that of metal to form a thermal resistance layer on the surface of the partition 6, significantly suppressing the rapid axial heat transfer caused by the high thermal conductivity of the metal partition 6 itself. Because the coating thickness is limited and the edges of the partition 6 are still metal-welded to the inner wall of the cylinder 1, heat can still be moderately conducted through the edge welds and the micropores of the coating. This "suppression and..." The non-blocking insulation mechanism ensures that the temperature fields of each section remain relatively independent, while avoiding problems such as excessive temperature difference between sections, thermal stress concentration, and temperature response lag that may be caused by complete insulation. During the regeneration stage, when the desorbed impurities move downstream with the airflow, the temperature transition at the baffle 6 is smoother. The impurities are always in a continuously warming environment and will not be recaptured by the adsorbent due to encountering a sudden low temperature zone. Thus, together with the insulation components 5 on the side wall of the cylinder 1, a stable and continuous temperature gradient along the airflow direction is maintained, ensuring that the secondary pollution problem is fundamentally solved.

[0031] Specifically, the power of each set of electric heating wires 4 increases sequentially from top to bottom; annular grooves are formed on the side wall of the cylinder 1 between two adjacent sets of electric heating wires 4, and the heat insulation component 5 is aerogel particles filled in the annular grooves. Multiple sets of electric heating wires 4 arranged axially inside the side wall of the cylinder create a gradually increasing temperature gradient inside the cylinder along the direction of regeneration gas flow. The regeneration gas enters from the desorption inlet pipe at the top of the cylinder, flows evenly through the top conical flow equalization hood, passes through the perforated plate, enters the upper adsorbent area, and then flows downward. Each time it passes through an adsorbent layer separated by partitions, the ambient temperature is higher than the previous layer. Thanks to the higher power of the lower electric heating wires 4, it continuously provides thermal energy support for the desorbed impurities, ensuring that the impurities remain in the gas phase after desorption and will not be recaptured by the downstream adsorbent due to entering the low-temperature zone, thus completely avoiding secondary pollution in the regeneration stage. It is important to note that the design purpose of the insulation component 5 is not to achieve complete thermal isolation between the heating sections, but rather to significantly increase the axial thermal conduction resistance of the cylinder 1 sidewall by utilizing the low thermal conductivity of the aerogel particles. This effectively reduces heat crosstalk between adjacent heating sections, ensuring that the temperature field formed by each section of the electric heating wire 4 remains relatively independent and controllable. Since the aerogel particles are loosely packed, there are microscopic gaps between adjacent particles, allowing heat to still be transferred in small amounts through the metal cylinder wall and the gaps between particles via conduction and convection. This "partial insulation" design avoids the problems of excessive temperature jumps and thermal shock damage to the equipment caused by complete insulation, while ensuring that the heat from the top can be moderately conducted downstream during the initial stage of regeneration to assist in preheating and shorten the regeneration start-up time. At the same time, the depth of the annular groove is precisely controlled, removing only a portion of the outer layer of material from the sidewall of the cylinder 1 while retaining sufficient pressure-bearing wall thickness. After the aerogel particles are filled, the cylinder is sealed with a metal cover, keeping the outer surface of the cylinder 1 flat without changing the overall structural strength and sealing performance of the cylinder 1. This achieves improved thermal management efficiency while also ensuring the safety and reliability of equipment operation.

[0032] Specifically, in the regeneration desorption mode, the desorption inlet pipe 10 and the desorption outlet pipe 8 are opened, and the adsorption inlet pipe 7 and the adsorption outlet pipe 9 are closed; the electric heating wire 4 is energized, and the power of each group of electric heating wires 4 increases sequentially from top to bottom, so that a temperature gradient is formed inside the cylinder 1 along the airflow direction.

[0033] Specifically, in the purification working mode, the adsorption inlet pipe 7 and the adsorption outlet pipe 9 are open, the desorption inlet pipe 10 is closed, and the desorption outlet pipe 8 is closed; the electric heating wire 4 is closed, and the external refrigeration system supplies cooling to the cylinder 1 to maintain a low-temperature working environment.

[0034] The process of the technical solution in this application is described below:

[0035] (1) In the purification working mode, the adsorption inlet pipe 7 is open, the adsorption outlet pipe 9 is open, the desorption inlet pipe 10 is closed, and the desorption outlet pipe 8 is closed; the electric heating wire 4 is closed, and the external refrigeration system supplies cooling to the cylinder 1 to maintain a low-temperature working environment. In this invention, after the raw material gas enters from the adsorption inlet pipe 7 at the bottom of the cylinder 1, it first impacts the cone top area of ​​the bottom cone-shaped flow equalization hood 2; due to the sparse flow equalization holes 201 in the cone top area, the gas is forced to diffuse along the cone surface to the surrounding area after being mechanically blocked. As it flows towards the bottom of the cone, the density of the flow equalization holes 201 gradually increases, and the gas seeps out from more and more small holes, realizing the flow state transformation from high-pressure jet in the center to low-pressure uniform seepage across the entire cross section; the large end of the cone-shaped flow equalization hood 2 is completely attached to the inner wall of the cylinder 1, eliminating the possibility of gas short-circuiting and losing through the edge gap, ensuring that all gas passes through the distribution function of the flow equalization holes 201.

[0036] After the gas is initially homogenized by the bottom conical flow equalization hood 2, it passes through the porous plate 3. The evenly distributed air vents 301 on the porous plate 3 perform secondary rectification of the airflow, eliminating any local flow velocity fluctuations that may exist at the outlet of the conical flow equalization hood 2. Subsequently, the gas enters the adsorption material layer between the two porous plates 3, flows upward axially, and passes through each layer of partition 6 in sequence. The baffle 6 here integrates a three-stage flow equalization mechanism: the first stage is the density gradient distribution of the vents 601, with sparse vents in the central region and dense vents in the edge region, which uses the flow resistance difference to force the high-pressure airflow in the center to diffuse to the low-pressure area at the edge; the second stage is the radial flow guidance of the guide ribs 11, after the gas passes through the vents 601, it enters the radial channel formed by the guide ribs 11 and is forced to spread outward radially, avoiding the gas from directly jetting downward and penetrating the adsorbent layer; the third stage is the micro-disturbance equalization of the flow splitting protrusions 12, the elliptical flow splitting protrusions 12 are arranged in the channel between the guide ribs 11, and their height is lower than the guide ribs 11 without blocking the main flow channel, but they generate a small disturbance to the boundary layer of the airflow in the channel, breaking the velocity gradient formed by the difference in flow velocity between the center of the channel and the wall, so that the airflow is further equalized at the micro scale. The height of the guide rib 11 gradually decreases from near the vent 601 to away from the vent 601, forming a synergy with the density gradient of the vent 601. This allows the high-pressure airflow in the central region to fully expand outward under the forced guidance of the high rib, while the low-pressure airflow in the edge region diffuses smoothly in the low-resistance channel of the low rib, achieving adaptive matching of the flow velocity across the entire cross-section.

[0037] Through the synergistic effect of the multi-stage flow equalization structure, the gas passes through each layer of adsorption material in a highly uniform radial distribution state. The adsorbent in the central region and the edge region are utilized simultaneously, which significantly improves the overall utilization rate of the adsorbent and extends the actual operating cycle. After the impurities are fully adsorbed by the adsorption material, the pure gas reaches the top of the cylinder 1 and is discharged from the adsorption outlet pipe 9 on the top side.

[0038] (2) In the regeneration-desorption mode, the desorption inlet pipe 10 is opened, the desorption outlet pipe 8 is opened, the adsorption inlet pipe 7 is closed, and the adsorption outlet pipe 9 is closed; the electric heating wire 4 is energized, and the power of each set of electric heating wires 4 increases sequentially from top to bottom, so that a temperature gradient is formed inside the cylinder 1 along the airflow direction. This invention actively constructs an axial temperature field with low-temperature start-up at the top and high-temperature complete desorption at the bottom by configuring the power gradient of multiple sets of electric heating wires 4; the core of this temperature field design is that during regeneration, as the desorbed impurities move downstream with the airflow, they always enter a higher temperature environment than upstream, and the impurities remain in a gaseous state and will not recondense or be captured by the adsorbent when encountering a low-temperature zone.

[0039] After the high-temperature regeneration gas enters through the desorption inlet pipe 10 at the top of the cylinder 1, it is also uniformly diffused along the cone surface in all directions by the uniform flow effect of the top conical flow equalization hood 2, and seeps out from the flow equalization holes 201 with increasing density, ensuring that the gas entering the uppermost adsorbent material area is uniformly distributed in the radial direction; at this time, the temperature in this area is the lowest, and a small amount of easily desorbable impurities are released first; the gas carries the impurities downwards, and the temperature gradually increases with each layer of adsorbent material separated by the partition 6.

[0040] The stable maintenance of this temperature gradient depends on the synergistic effect of two key insulation structures: the first is the aerogel particle insulation component 5 in the annular groove between adjacent electric heating wires 4 on the side wall of the cylinder 1. This component reduces heat crosstalk between adjacent heating sections by increasing axial thermal conduction resistance, making the temperature fields of each section relatively independent, but without completely blocking heat transfer, thus avoiding the problem of excessive temperature difference and thermal shock between sections that may be caused by complete insulation; the second is the ceramic insulation coating on the surface of the partition 6. This coating suppresses the high thermal conductivity of the metal partition 6 itself, reducing the heat that is rapidly transferred through the partition body. At the same time, due to the limited coating thickness and the presence of trace heat conduction at the edge welds, the temperature transition remains smooth rather than abrupt.

[0041] The gas undergoes a three-stage flow equalization process at each layer of partition 6, involving density gradient through ventilation holes 601, radial flow guidance through guide ribs 11, and micro-disturbance equalization through diversion protrusions 12. This ensures that the desorbed impurities are fully mixed with the high-temperature gas and evenly distributed throughout the entire cross-section, avoiding the presence of localized high-concentration impurity clusters. When the gas reaches the bottom of the cylinder 1, where the temperature is highest, all adsorbed impurities have been completely desorbed, and the high-concentration waste gas is discharged from the desorption outlet pipe 8 on the bottom side.

[0042] The airflow direction of the above regeneration process is completely opposite to that of the purification process. This reverse design ensures that the impurities desorbed during regeneration always move in the direction from high temperature to higher temperature until they are discharged from the bottom, thus completely eliminating the problem of secondary pollution caused by impurities being re-adsorbed as they enter the downstream low-temperature zone with the airflow.

[0043] It should be further explained that the design of opposite airflow directions for purification and regeneration is closely related to the axial adsorption rate distribution characteristics of the adsorbent material layer. During purification, the feed gas enters from the bottom and flows upwards. Impurities are captured layer by layer by the adsorbent material, with the highest impurity concentration and largest adsorption load at the bottom, gradually decreasing upwards, and the least amount of impurities adsorbed at the top. If the same airflow direction is used during regeneration as during purification, the high-concentration impurities desorbed will be forced to pass through the already regenerated adsorbent material layer above, inevitably causing secondary pollution. However, this invention uses a completely opposite airflow direction to purification, ensuring that the desorbed impurities always move downwards to the area with high adsorption rate and are eventually discharged from the bottom. Throughout the process, impurities do not come into contact with the already regenerated clean adsorbent material, fundamentally avoiding secondary pollution. This airflow direction design is not a simple pipeline arrangement choice, but a structural innovation deeply coupled with the axial adsorption rate distribution characteristics of the adsorbent material, ensuring the synergistic optimization of regeneration and purification efficiency.

[0044] This invention establishes a deep synergy between the flow equalization structure and the temperature control structure: In the gas flow path, the conical flow equalization hood 2 converts the jet flow at the inlet to surface flow, the baffle 6 achieves multi-stage re-equalization between layers, and the perforated plate 3 provides end support and rectification. These three components are arranged in series along the axial direction, forming a complete flow equalization chain from inlet to outlet. In the temperature control path, segmented electric heating wires 4 provide an active heat source, a power gradient configuration constructs a temperature-increasing field, and the aerogel particle insulation component 5 and the ceramic insulation coating together reduce axial heat crosstalk without completely blocking it, ensuring the temperature field remains relatively independent and transitions smoothly. There is a close coupling relationship between the flow equalization structure and the temperature control structure: the flow equalization structure ensures uniform gas distribution across the entire cross-section, allowing adsorbents in each region to participate in adsorption or desorption simultaneously, avoiding localized overload or incomplete regeneration of the adsorbent due to concentrated local airflow; the temperature control structure ensures that desorbed impurities are always in a heated environment, while the flow equalization structure ensures this heated environment exists uniformly across the entire cross-section. The synergy between the two fundamentally eliminates the conditions for secondary pollution.

[0045] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-temperature adsorption cartridge for gas purification, characterized in that, The system includes a cylindrical body (1), on which conical flow equalization hoods (2) are fixedly installed at the top and bottom of the inner side. The small ends of the two conical flow equalization hoods (2) are located close to the end of the cylindrical body (1), and the large ends of the conical flow equalization hoods (2) are attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical body (1). Multiple flow equalization holes (201) are opened on the conical flow equalization hoods (2), and the density of the flow equalization holes (201) gradually increases from the top to the bottom of the cone. Two perforated plates (3) are provided between the two conical flow equalization hoods (2), and the perforated plates (3) are horizontally installed on the inner side of the cylindrical body (1). Multiple vent holes (301) are evenly distributed on the perforated plates (3). The side wall of the cylindrical body (1) Multiple sets of electric heating wires (4) are arranged along the inner axial direction. A heat insulation component (5) is arranged between adjacent electric heating wires (4). Multiple partitions (6) are arranged between the two perforated plates (3). The partitions (6) are horizontally installed inside the cylinder (1). The partitions (6) are located between adjacent electric heating wires (4). Multiple ventilation holes (601) are opened on the partitions (6). The distribution density of the ventilation holes (601) on the partitions (6) gradually increases from the central area to the edge area. An adsorption inlet pipe (7) and a desorption outlet pipe (8) are arranged at the bottom of the cylinder (1). An adsorption outlet pipe (9) and a desorption inlet pipe (10) are arranged at the top of the cylinder (1).

2. The low-temperature adsorption cylinder for gas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower surfaces of the partition (6) are provided with a plurality of flow guide ribs (11), which are arranged radially around the outside of the vent (601).

3. The low-temperature adsorption cylinder for gas purification according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height of the guide rib (11) gradually decreases from the direction close to the vent (601) to the direction away from the vent (601).

4. The low-temperature adsorption cartridge for gas purification according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple diversion protrusions (12) are provided between each two adjacent guide ribs (11), and the diversion protrusions (12) are fixedly installed on the partition (6); the height of the diversion protrusions (12) is lower than the height of the guide ribs (11); the diversion protrusions (12) are elliptical, and the major axis of the diversion protrusions (12) is arranged radially along the vent hole (601).

5. The gas purification low-temperature adsorption cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the partition (6) is coated with a ceramic heat-insulating coating; the space between the two porous plates (3) is filled with an adsorbent material.

6. The low-temperature adsorption cylinder for gas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power of each group of electric heating wires (4) increases sequentially from top to bottom; the side wall of the cylinder (1) between two adjacent groups of electric heating wires (4) is provided with an annular groove, and the heat insulation component (5) is an aerogel particle filled in the annular groove.

7. The low-temperature adsorption cartridge for gas purification according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the regeneration desorption mode, the desorption inlet pipe (10) and the desorption outlet pipe (8) are opened, and the adsorption inlet pipe (7) and the adsorption outlet pipe (9) are closed; the electric heating wire (4) is energized, and the power of each group of electric heating wires (4) increases sequentially from top to bottom, so that a temperature gradient is formed inside the cylinder (1) along the airflow direction.

8. The low-temperature adsorption cartridge for gas purification according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the purification working mode, the adsorption inlet pipe (7) and adsorption outlet pipe (9) are opened, the desorption inlet pipe (10) is closed, and the desorption outlet pipe (8) is closed; the electric heating wire (4) is closed, and the external refrigeration system supplies cold to the cylinder (1) to maintain a low-temperature working environment.

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