Carbon dioxide capture device for industrial waste gas treatment

Abstract

The application relates to the field of industrial waste gas treatment, and discloses a carbon dioxide capturing equipment for industrial waste gas treatment, which comprises a storage tank, a compressor, an absorption tower and a pressure tank. An air inlet pipe is arranged at the main cavity inlet of the storage tank, recovery pipes are connected to the two inlets of the auxiliary cavity, the main cavity outlet, the auxiliary cavity outlet and the compressor input end are connected through a three-way pipe a, a valve one is arranged at the connection position of the three-way pipe a and the main cavity, a valve two is arranged at the connection position of the three-way pipe a and the auxiliary cavity, the compressor output end and the two absorption tower inlets are connected through a three-way pipe b, a valve three is arranged at the connection position of the three-way pipe b and the absorption tower, a connecting pipe is connected to the top of the absorption tower and is provided with a valve four at the connection position, a piston is arranged in the pressure tank, a counterweight is arranged on the upper surface of the piston, a sensor is arranged at the bottom of the pressure tank, the two connecting pipe ends are respectively connected to the bottoms of two pressure tanks, the two recovery pipe ends are respectively connected to the bottoms of two pressure tanks and are provided with a valve six at the connection positions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial waste gas treatment, and more specifically to a carbon dioxide capture device for industrial waste gas treatment. Background Technology

[0002] High-carbon-emission plants such as thermal power plants and cement plants emit waste gases containing carbon dioxide. Therefore, it is necessary to capture and treat carbon dioxide in such industrial waste gases. Currently, the mainstream technology that has been validated on a large scale in industrial applications is chemical absorption. This method is like putting a giant "chemical mask" on the chimney, using a specific solvent to "wash" out the carbon dioxide from the waste gas. Specifically: the industrial waste gas first enters a water scrubbing tower for cooling and removal of impurities such as sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dust. The purified gas then enters an absorption tower, where it encounters an amine-based chemical solvent (or absorbent) with a strong affinity for carbon dioxide. The solvent (called lean solution) absorbs the low concentration of carbon dioxide (usually only 10%-15%) in the waste gas like a sponge, while other harmless gases such as nitrogen are directly emitted. The solvent that has collected carbon dioxide (called rich solution) is sent to a high-temperature desorption tower for heating, releasing the pure carbon dioxide again. The solvent is then cooled and recycled.

[0003] The aforementioned capture methods have some shortcomings. Specifically, the reason why exhaust gases from high-carbon emission plants such as thermal power plants and cement plants contain carbon dioxide is because carbon dioxide is produced during fuel combustion. Taking cement plants as an example, the carbon dioxide concentration in exhaust gases is approximately between 10% and 30%, and under oxy-fuel combustion, it can even reach 70%. This means that the carbon dioxide concentration in exhaust gases fluctuates continuously within a preset range, and there are times when the concentration can increase significantly. Furthermore, the carbon dioxide concentration mostly fluctuates continuously within a preset range, and significant increases are infrequent. However, when a significant increase in carbon dioxide occurs, the absorbent may reach saturation prematurely, causing some carbon dioxide to be released directly without being absorbed, i.e., leakage.

[0004] Based on the above, the present invention proposes a carbon dioxide capture device for industrial waste gas treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background above, the present invention provides a carbon dioxide capture device for industrial waste gas treatment.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows.

[0007] A carbon dioxide capture device for industrial waste gas treatment includes a storage tank, a compressor, an absorption tower, and a pressure tank. The storage tank is divided into a main chamber and a secondary chamber that are not interconnected. An inlet pipe is provided at the inlet of the main chamber. The secondary chamber has two inlets, and each of the two inlets is connected to a recovery pipe. The outlet of the main chamber, the outlet of the secondary chamber, and the input end of the compressor are connected by a three-way pipe a. A valve one is provided at the connection between the three-way pipe a and the outlet of the main chamber, and a valve two is provided at the connection between the three-way pipe a and the outlet of the secondary chamber.

[0008] There are two absorption towers. The output end of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the two absorption towers through a three-way pipe b. A valve three is installed at the connection between the three-way pipe b and the inlet of the absorption tower. A bottom pipe is installed at the outlet of the absorption tower. A connecting pipe is connected to the top of the absorption tower and a valve four is installed at the connection.

[0009] A piston is installed inside the pressure tank, and a counterweight is detachably installed on the upper surface of the piston. A sensor is installed at the bottom of the pressure tank. There are two pressure tanks, and the ends of the connecting pipes on the two absorption towers are respectively connected to the bottom of the two pressure tanks.

[0010] The ends of the two recovery pipes are connected to the bottom of the two pressure tanks respectively, and valve six is ​​installed at the connection. The bottom of the pressure tanks is connected to a discharge pipe, and valve seven is installed at the connection.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes pump one, pump two, desorption tower, liquid storage tank and condenser;

[0012] The input end of pump one is connected to the ends of the two bottom pipes through a three-way pipe c, and a valve five is installed at the connection between the three-way pipe c and the bottom pipe. The output end of pump one is connected to the inlet of the desorption tower through a water pipe a.

[0013] An exhaust pipe is installed at the outlet of the desorption tower. The bottom of the desorption tower is connected to the inlet of the condenser through an inlet pipe, and the outlet of the condenser is connected to the liquid storage tank through an outlet pipe.

[0014] The liquid storage tank is connected to the input end of pump 2 via water pipe b, and the output end of pump 2 is connected to the two bottom pipes via a three-way pipe d, with valve 8 installed at the connection between the three-way pipe d and the bottom pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, a cooler is connected to the end of the exhaust pipe, a collection pipe is installed at the outlet of the cooler, and the bottom of the cooler is connected to the liquid storage tank through a drain pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, the inlet of the absorption tower is located at the top of the tower, the outlet is located at the bottom of the tower, and the liquid level of the absorbent inside the absorption tower is close to the top of the absorption tower.

[0017] Furthermore, the top of the absorption tower is also equipped with a gas valve and a liquid replenishment valve.

[0018] Furthermore, a hollow rotating shaft is coaxially and movably installed at the lower orifice of the absorption tower inlet. An arc rod is provided on the outer circular surface of the rotating shaft. The arc rod is hollow inside and connected to the rotating shaft. The outer surface of the arc rod is provided with air holes, and the center lines of the air holes are arranged horizontally.

[0019] Furthermore, multiple arc rods are evenly arrayed outside the rotating shaft.

[0020] Furthermore, the bottom of the pressure vessel is provided with a step, which is higher than the upper surface of the sensor.

[0021] Furthermore, several guide plates are arranged vertically inside the desorption tower. The guide plates are arranged at an angle and the planes of two adjacent guide plates intersect. Each adjacent guide plate is connected to one of the two inner walls of the desorption tower along its width. The inlet of the desorption tower is located above the highest point of the uppermost guide plate. The guide plates are made of thermally conductive material.

[0022] The carbon dioxide capture process includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Temporarily store the air into the main chamber of the storage tank through the air inlet pipe;

[0024] Industrial waste gas is drawn into the absorption tower by the compressor and passes through valve one, three-way pipe a, three-way pipe b, and valve three in sequence.

[0025] The industrial waste gas, after the carbon dioxide is absorbed by the absorbent, enters the corresponding pressure tank through valve four and connecting pipe.

[0026] Step Two: After the preset time, the absorbent in the absorption tower approaches saturation, and the states of the two absorption towers change. The industrial waste gas flows to the other absorption tower, while the absorption tower with nearly saturated absorbent begins to release carbon dioxide.

[0027] As the piston moves downward, the industrial waste gas in the pressure tank is discharged through the opened valve 7, the discharge pipe, and the discharge tank.

[0028] Meanwhile, the absorbent in the absorption tower is drawn by pump one and flows into the desorption tower through the bottom pipe, valve five, three-way pipe c, and water pipe a, and releases carbon dioxide upon heating. The absorbent then flows into the storage tank through the inlet pipe, condenser, and outlet pipe.

[0029] The absorbent in the storage tank is drawn back into the absorption tower by pump 2 through water pipe b, three-way pipe d, valve 8, and bottom pipe;

[0030] Step 3: During the process of adsorbent absorption of carbon dioxide in Steps 1 and 2:

[0031] When the sensor detects that the carbon dioxide concentration in the pressure tank is higher than a preset value, the sensor sends a signal, and the two absorption towers immediately switch states. The working process of the pressure tank and absorption tower corresponding to the sensor that sent the signal is as follows:

[0032] When valve six is ​​opened, the industrial waste gas in the pressure tank flows into the secondary chamber of the storage tank through the recovery pipe under the pressure of the piston and the counterweight.

[0033] At the same time, referring to step two, the absorbent in the absorption tower releases carbon dioxide. When the absorbent is returned to the absorption tower for reuse, the process is the same as step one. At this time, the carbon dioxide-containing industrial waste gas in the connecting pipe is pushed into the pressure tank.

[0034] Step 4: As the absorbent continuously absorbs carbon dioxide, the industrial waste gas with absorbed carbon dioxide enters the pressure tank, where the carbon dioxide concentration is diluted.

[0035] If the concentration of carbon dioxide after dilution reaches the emission standard, then continue the carbon dioxide absorption-release process as described in step two.

[0036] If the diluted carbon dioxide concentration still does not meet the emission standards, then repeat step three again.

[0037] If step three is repeated one to three times, it means that the carbon dioxide concentration in the industrial waste gas has fluctuated significantly and then returned to the normal concentration range. This is an occasional occurrence, and the equipment can continue to be used normally.

[0038] If step three is repeated more than three times, there are two possibilities: First, the carbon dioxide concentration in the industrial waste gas has increased significantly and has not returned to the normal range, indicating that there is a problem with the source of the industrial waste gas; second, the concentration of the absorbent has decreased, and the absorption capacity has declined. It is necessary to check the source of the industrial waste gas and the absorbent. The inspection technology is feasible with existing technology and will not be elaborated here. After the inspection is completed, the equipment can continue to be used normally.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0040] In this case, the combination of a pressure tank structure consisting of a piston and counterweight with an absorption tower provides the following technical advantages:

[0041] Technical effect 1: During the process of carbon dioxide absorption by the absorbent in the absorption tower, the weight of the piston and the counterweight can act on the absorbent in the absorption tower through the gas medium, that is, to make the absorption tower a positive pressure state and keep the positive pressure value constant. The positive pressure environment can effectively improve the absorption efficiency of the absorbent for carbon dioxide, and keeping the positive pressure value constant can ensure that the carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorbent will not be released due to pressure fluctuations. The combination of the two promotes the smooth and stable process of carbon dioxide absorption.

[0042] Technical Effect 2: The source of industrial waste gas is high-carbon emission factories such as thermal power plants and cement plants. When fuel is burned in these factories, oxygen-rich combustion may occur, which will lead to a significant increase in the carbon dioxide concentration in the industrial waste gas, which is much higher than the carbon dioxide concentration produced during normal fuel combustion. Under such circumstances, the absorbent may become saturated, but the waste gas will continue to be injected into the absorption tower, resulting in the carbon dioxide concentration in the emitted waste gas failing to meet the emission standards and polluting the atmospheric environment.

[0043] In this case, during each absorption-release of carbon dioxide process in the absorption tower, the industrial waste gas after carbon dioxide absorption is not immediately discharged, but temporarily stored in a pressure tank, and the carbon dioxide concentration is detected by sensors. Therefore, when the carbon dioxide concentration of the aforementioned industrial waste gas rises significantly, the waste gas in the pressure tank is injected into the auxiliary chamber of the storage tank for storage, awaiting subsequent treatment. At the same time, carbon dioxide is released from the absorbent in the absorption tower. After this operation is completed, the absorption tower continues to operate normally. If the carbon dioxide concentration in the waste gas in the pressure tank still fails to meet the standard, the above operation is repeated. The number of repetitions determines the severity of the problem.

[0044] If the number of occurrences is two to three, it indicates that the concentration of carbon dioxide has fluctuated significantly before returning to the normal range. This is an occasional occurrence, and the equipment can continue to be used normally.

[0045] If the number of occurrences exceeds three, it indicates that: firstly, the carbon dioxide concentration has not returned to the normal range after a significant increase, suggesting a problem with the combustion of industrial waste gas sources, such as high-carbon emission plants like thermal power plants and cement plants; secondly, the concentration of the absorbent has decreased, resulting in reduced absorption capacity.

[0046] In other words, it has an adaptive triggering function to resolve temporary and significant increases in carbon dioxide concentration, preventing the leakage of exhaust gas due to carbon dioxide concentration failing to meet emission standards, and it also has the function of automatically judging the source of carbon dioxide and whether there are problems with the absorbent that require maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the storage tank and compressor;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of two absorption towers;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the absorption tower;

[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure tank and the discharge tank;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the pressure tank;

[0053] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of pump one, pump two, desorption tower, refrigerator, condenser, and liquid storage tank;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the desorption tower.

[0055] The labels in the attached diagram are:

[0056] 101. Storage tank; 1011. Inlet pipe; 1012. Recovery pipe; 1013. Valve 6; 102. Compressor; 1021. T-connector a; 1022. Valve 1; 1023. Valve 2; 1024. T-connector b; 1025. Valve 3; 103. Absorption tower; 1031. Connecting pipe; 1032. Valve 4; 1033. Gas valve; 1034. Liquid replenishment valve; 1035. Bottom pipe; 1036. Valve 5; 1037. Shaft; 1038. Arc rod; 1039. Vent; 104. Pressure tank; 1041. Piston; 1042. Counterweight; 1043, Sensor; 1044, Discharge pipe; 1045, Valve 7; 1046, Step; 105, Pump 1; 1051, T-pipe c; 1052, Water pipe a; 106, Pump 2; 1061, Water pipe b; 1062, T-pipe d; 1063, Valve 8; 107, Desorption tower; 1071, Exhaust pipe; 1072, Baffle plate; 108, Refrigerator; 1081, Drain pipe; 1082, Collection pipe; 109, Storage tank; 110, Condenser; 1101, Inlet pipe; 1102, Outlet pipe; 111, Discharge tank. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0058] Reference Figure 1A carbon dioxide capture device for industrial waste gas treatment includes a storage tank 101, a compressor 102, an absorption tower 103, a pressure tank 104, a first pump 105, a second pump 106, a desorption tower 107, a cooler 108, a liquid storage tank 109, and a condenser 110.

[0059] Reference Figure 2 The storage tank 101 is divided into a main chamber and a secondary chamber that are not connected to each other.

[0060] An air inlet pipe 1011 is installed at the entrance of the main cavity. The end of the air inlet pipe 1011 is connected to a water washing tower, which is not shown in the figure. After the industrial waste gas is washed by the water washing tower, it enters the main cavity through the air inlet pipe 1011 for temporary storage.

[0061] The secondary cavity has two inlets, and each of the two inlets is connected to a recovery pipe 1012, meaning there are two recovery pipes 1012.

[0062] The outlet of the main chamber, the outlet of the auxiliary chamber, and the input end of the compressor 102 are connected by a three-way pipe a1021. A valve 1022 is installed at the connection between the three-way pipe a1021 and the outlet of the main chamber, and a valve 21023 is installed at the connection between the three-way pipe a1021 and the outlet of the auxiliary chamber.

[0063] Reference Figure 3 There are two absorption towers 103. The inlet of the absorption tower 103 is located at the top of the tower and the outlet is located at the bottom of the tower. Furthermore, the top of the absorption tower 103 is also equipped with a gas valve 1033 and a liquid replenishment valve 1034.

[0064] The output end of the compressor 102 is connected to the inlet of the two absorption towers 103 through a three-way pipe b1024, and a valve 3 1025 is provided at the connection between the three-way pipe b1024 and the inlet of the absorption tower 103. There are two valves 3 1025. When a valve 3 1025 is opened, the industrial waste gas in the main chamber is drawn into the corresponding absorption tower 103 by the compressor 102. The reason for providing two absorption towers 103 is to use them alternately to achieve continuous and uninterrupted treatment of industrial waste gas.

[0065] Absorption tower 103 is filled with absorbent, and the liquid level of the absorbent is close to the top of the tower.

[0066] The outlet of the absorption tower 103 is equipped with a bottom pipe 1035.

[0067] The top of the absorption tower 103 is connected to a connecting pipe 1031 and a valve 1032 is installed at the connection.

[0068] Preferred embodiments, refer to Figure 4A hollow rotating shaft 1037 is coaxially and movably mounted at the lower orifice of the inlet of the absorption tower 103, for example via a bearing. An arc rod 1038 is mounted on the outer circular surface of the rotating shaft 1037. The arc rod 1038 is hollow and communicates with the rotating shaft 1037. Air holes 1039 are provided on the outer surface of the arc rod 1038, and the center lines of the air holes 1039 are arranged horizontally. Furthermore, multiple arc rods 1038 are arrayed along the circumference of the rotating shaft 1037 to form an arc rod unit. The arc rod units are arrayed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1037. Multiple configurations are provided; the technical advantage lies in the fact that industrial waste gas is drawn by compressor 102, enters the rotating shaft 1037 through the opened valve 1025, and finally flows out through the air hole 1039, contacting the absorbent in the absorption tower 103. At the same time, under the reaction force, the arc rod 1038 rotates the rotating shaft 1037. The rotation enables the industrial waste gas to be more evenly distributed in the absorption tower 103, while slowly agitating the absorbent. This can effectively improve the efficiency of the absorbent in absorbing carbon dioxide from the industrial waste gas.

[0069] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The pressure tank 104 is fitted with a piston 1041. A counterweight 1042 is detachably installed on the upper surface of the piston 1041. A sensor 1043 is installed at the bottom of the pressure tank 104 to detect the carbon dioxide concentration in the area below the sensor 1043. This is feasible with existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the pressure tank 104 is provided with a step 1046, which is higher than the upper surface of the sensor 1043, to prevent the piston 1041 from pressing on the sensor 1043 initially, thus preventing damage to the sensor 1043.

[0071] There are two pressure tanks 104, and the ends of the connecting pipes 1031 on the two absorption towers 103 are respectively connected to the bottom of the two pressure tanks 104.

[0072] The ends of the two recovery pipes 1012 are respectively connected to the bottom of the two pressure tanks 104, and valves 1013 are provided at the connection points. There are two valves 1013.

[0073] The bottom of the pressure tank 104 is connected to a discharge pipe 1044 and a valve 1045 is installed at the connection. The end of the discharge pipe 1044 is connected to a discharge tank 111. The discharge tank 111 is used to re-treat the industrial waste gas after carbon dioxide capture. The re-treated industrial waste gas is discharged through the outlet of the discharge tank 111. The core of this case is carbon dioxide capture. The re-treatment of industrial waste gas by the discharge tank 111 is not the core of this case and will not be elaborated on.

[0074] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 7 The input end of pump 105 is connected to the ends of the two bottom pipes 1035 through a three-way pipe c1051, and a valve 5 1036 is provided at the connection between the three-way pipe c1051 and the bottom pipe 1035. There are two valves 5 1036.

[0075] The output end of pump 105 is connected to the inlet of desorption tower 107 via water pipe a1052.

[0076] The outlet of the desorption tower 107 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerator 108 through an exhaust pipe 1071, and the bottom of the desorption tower 107 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 110 through an inlet pipe 1101.

[0077] A collection pipe 1082 is provided at the outlet of the cooler 108, and the bottom of the cooler 108 is connected to the liquid storage tank 109 through a drain pipe 1081.

[0078] The outlet of the condenser 110 is connected to the liquid storage tank 109 via an outlet pipe 1102.

[0079] The liquid storage tank 109 is connected to the input end of the pump 106 via a water pipe b1061. The output end of the pump 106 is connected to the two bottom pipes 1035 via a three-way pipe d1062. A valve 1063 is provided at the connection between the three-way pipe d1062 and the bottom pipe 1035. There are two valves 1063.

[0080] Preferred embodiments, refer to Figure 8 The desorption tower 107 has several guide plates 1072 arranged in a vertical array inside. The guide plates 1072 are arranged at an angle and the planes of two adjacent guide plates 1072 are intersecting. One end of two adjacent guide plates 1072 is connected to two inner walls of the desorption tower 107 along the width direction. The inlet of the desorption tower 107 is located above the highest point of the uppermost guide plate 1072.

[0081] The deflector plate 1072 is made of a thermally conductive material, such as copper. Existing electric heating technology can be used to heat the deflector plate 1072 to a surface temperature between 100 and 120 degrees Celsius, providing a high-temperature environment for the release of carbon dioxide from the rich liquid.

[0082] Working principle of the invention:

[0083] The absorption tower 103 includes an absorption state and a release state. In the absorption state, it is connected to the compressor 102 and the pressure tank 104, but disconnected from the pump 105 and the second pump 106. The internal absorbent is used to absorb carbon dioxide in industrial waste gas. In the release state, it is disconnected from the compressor 102 and the pressure tank 104, but connected to the pump 105 and the second pump 106. The internal absorbent gradually flows into the desorption tower 107 to release carbon dioxide.

[0084] The two absorption towers 103 are in opposite states to achieve the purpose of alternating use;

[0085] Step 1: The industrial waste gas, after being washed with water, enters the main cavity of the storage tank 101 through the inlet pipe 1011 for temporary storage;

[0086] Industrial waste gas is drawn by compressor 102 and sequentially enters the absorption tower 103 in the absorption state through open valve 1022, three-way pipe a1021, three-way pipe b1024, and open valve 31025. Further, the industrial waste gas flows into the absorption tower 103 through rotating shaft 1037, arc rod 1038, and air hole 1039 and comes into contact with the absorbent. At the same time, arc rod 1038 rotates. The combination of these two factors can make the contact between industrial waste gas and absorbent more uniform and improve the efficiency of absorbent in absorbing carbon dioxide.

[0087] After the industrial waste gas has absorbed carbon dioxide, it enters the pressure tank 104 through the opened valve 1032 and connecting pipe 1031. Due to the presence of counterweight 1042, the pressure in the area formed by the space above the absorbent liquid surface in the absorption tower 103, the connecting pipe 1031, and the space below the piston 1041 in the pressure tank 104 gradually increases. When the pressure increases to the point that it can support the piston 1041 and counterweight 1042 to move upward, the piston 1041 and counterweight 1042 begin to move upward. At this time, the sum of the weights of the piston 1041 and counterweight 1042, using the gas in the aforementioned area as a transfer medium, acts on the absorbent in the absorption tower 103. In other words, at this time, the absorption tower 103 is under positive pressure and the positive pressure value remains constant. Slight fluctuations are negligible. Positive pressure is beneficial to increasing the rate at which the absorbent absorbs carbon dioxide.

[0088] Step Two: After the preset time, the absorbent in absorption tower 103 approaches saturation, and the state of the two absorption towers 103 changes. The industrial waste gas flows to the other absorption tower 103, while the absorption tower 103, whose absorbent is nearly saturated, begins to release carbon dioxide. Specifically:

[0089] As piston 1041 moves downward, industrial waste gas in pressure tank 104 is discharged through open valve 1045, discharge pipe 1044, and discharge tank 111.

[0090] At the same time, the absorbent in the absorption tower 103 is drawn by the pump 105 and flows into the desorption tower 107 through the bottom pipe 1035, the open valve 1036, the three-way pipe c1051, and the water pipe a1052, and releases carbon dioxide when heated.

[0091] Carbon dioxide and the gaseous absorbent that evaporates enter the refrigerator 108 through the exhaust pipe 1071. Carbon dioxide is discharged through the collection pipe 1082. A gas storage tank can be connected to the end of the collection pipe 1082 to store the collected carbon dioxide. After the gaseous absorbent is liquefied back into liquid, it flows into the liquid storage tank 109 through the drain pipe 1081.

[0092] After carbon dioxide is released in the stripping tower 107, the absorbent flows into the storage tank 109 through the inlet pipe 1101, condenser 110, and outlet pipe 1102. The condenser 110 dissipates heat and cools the absorbent.

[0093] The absorbent in the storage tank 109 is drawn back into the absorption tower 103 by the pump 2 106 through the water pipe b1061, the three-way pipe d1062, the open valve 8 1063, and the bottom pipe 1035.

[0094] It should be noted that when the absorbent flows out of or into the absorption tower 103, the gas valve 1033 opens to allow the absorbent to flow smoothly.

[0095] The above describes the process during normal use.

[0096] When the carbon dioxide concentration in industrial waste gas increases significantly, it is easy for the absorbent to become saturated, but industrial waste gas continues to be injected into the absorbent. In this case:

[0097] This will cause carbon dioxide in industrial waste gas to directly enter the pressure tank 104. The carbon dioxide concentration in the pressure tank 104 will rise and exceed the emission standard. This will be detected by the sensor 1043. The sensor 1043 will send a signal and the two absorption towers 103 will immediately switch states.

[0098] The specific working process of the absorption tower 103 at this time, where the absorbent is saturated, is as follows:

[0099] Step 3: Valve 6 1013 is opened. Under the pressure of the piston 1041 and the counterweight 1042, the industrial waste gas in the pressure tank 104 flows into the secondary cavity of the storage tank 101 through the recovery pipe 1012 and is stored.

[0100] At the same time, referring to step two, the absorbent in the absorption tower 103 releases carbon dioxide. When the absorbent is returned to the absorption tower 103 after the release is complete and used again, the usage process is the same as step one. At this time, the industrial waste gas containing carbon dioxide in the connecting pipe 1031 is pushed into the pressure tank 104.

[0101] Step 4: As the absorbent continuously absorbs carbon dioxide, the industrial waste gas with absorbed carbon dioxide enters the pressure tank 104, where the carbon dioxide concentration is diluted.

[0102] If the concentration of carbon dioxide after dilution reaches the emission standard, then continue the carbon dioxide absorption-release process as described in step two.

[0103] If the diluted carbon dioxide concentration still does not meet the emission standards, then repeat step three. If step three is repeated a few times, for example two or three times, it means that the carbon dioxide concentration fluctuated significantly and then returned to the normal concentration range, which is an occasional situation, and the equipment can continue to be used normally. If step three is repeated more frequently, for example more than three times, it means: First, the carbon dioxide concentration has not returned to the normal concentration range after a significant increase, indicating that there is a problem with the combustion of industrial waste gas, such as in high-carbon emission factories such as thermal power plants and cement plants; Second, the concentration of the absorbent has decreased, and the absorption capacity has decreased. In either case, maintenance personnel are required to perform maintenance and inspection.

[0104] In other words, in this case, the combination of the pressure tank structure consisting of a piston and counterweight with the absorption tower provides the following technical advantages:

[0105] Technical effect 1: During the absorption of carbon dioxide by the absorbent in the absorption tower, the weight of the piston and the counterweight can act on the absorbent in the absorption tower through the gas medium. Even if the absorption tower is under positive pressure and the positive pressure value remains constant, the positive pressure environment can effectively improve the absorption efficiency of the absorbent for carbon dioxide. The constant positive pressure value can ensure that the carbon dioxide absorbed by the absorbent will not be released due to pressure fluctuations. The combination of the two promotes the smooth and stable process of carbon dioxide absorption.

[0106] Technical Effect 2: The source of industrial waste gas is high-carbon emission factories such as thermal power plants and cement plants. When fuel is burned in these factories, oxygen-rich combustion may occur, which will lead to a significant increase in the carbon dioxide concentration in the industrial waste gas, which is much higher than the carbon dioxide concentration produced during normal fuel combustion. Under such circumstances, the absorbent may become saturated, but the waste gas will continue to be injected into the absorption tower, resulting in the carbon dioxide concentration in the emitted waste gas failing to meet the emission standards and polluting the atmospheric environment.

[0107] In this case, during each absorption-release of carbon dioxide process in the absorption tower, the industrial waste gas after carbon dioxide absorption is not immediately discharged, but temporarily stored in a pressure tank, and the carbon dioxide concentration is detected by sensors. Therefore, when the carbon dioxide concentration of the aforementioned industrial waste gas rises significantly, the waste gas in the pressure tank is injected into the auxiliary chamber of the storage tank for storage, awaiting subsequent treatment. At the same time, carbon dioxide is released from the absorbent in the absorption tower. After this operation is completed, the absorption tower continues to operate normally. If the carbon dioxide concentration in the waste gas in the pressure tank still fails to meet the standard, the above operation is repeated. The number of repetitions determines the severity of the problem.

[0108] If the number of occurrences is two to three, it indicates that the concentration of carbon dioxide has fluctuated significantly before returning to the normal range. This is an occasional occurrence, and the equipment can continue to be used normally.

[0109] If the number of occurrences exceeds three, it indicates that: firstly, the carbon dioxide concentration has not returned to the normal range after a significant increase, suggesting a problem with the combustion of industrial waste gas sources, such as high-carbon emission plants like thermal power plants and cement plants; secondly, the concentration of the absorbent has decreased, resulting in reduced absorption capacity.

[0110] In other words, it has an adaptive triggering function to resolve temporary and significant increases in carbon dioxide concentration, and it automatically determines whether there are problems with the source of carbon dioxide and whether the absorbent needs maintenance.

[0111] It is important to note in this case that carbon dioxide capture cannot reach 100%; generally, a capture rate of more than 90% is sufficient to meet emission standards.

[0112] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide capture device for industrial waste gas treatment, comprising a storage tank (101), a compressor (102), an absorption tower (103), and a pressure tank (104), characterized in that, The storage tank (101) is divided into a main chamber and a secondary chamber that are not connected to each other. An air inlet pipe (1011) is provided at the inlet of the main chamber. There are two inlets in the secondary chamber, and a recovery pipe (1012) is connected to each of the two inlets of the secondary chamber. The outlet of the main chamber, the outlet of the secondary chamber and the input end of the compressor (102) are connected by a three-way pipe a (1021). A valve one (1022) is provided at the connection between the three-way pipe a (1021) and the outlet of the main chamber, and a valve two (1023) is provided at the connection between the three-way pipe a (1021) and the outlet of the secondary chamber. There are two absorption towers (103). The output end of the compressor (102) is connected to the inlet of the two absorption towers (103) through a three-way pipe b (1024). A valve three (1025) is provided at the connection between the three-way pipe b (1024) and the inlet of the absorption tower (103). A bottom pipe (1035) is provided at the outlet of the absorption tower (103). A connecting pipe (1031) is connected to the top of the absorption tower (103) and a valve four (1032) is provided at the connection. A piston (1041) is installed inside the pressure tank (104). A counterweight (1042) is detachably installed on the upper surface of the piston (1041). A sensor (1043) is installed at the bottom of the pressure tank (104). There are two pressure tanks (104). The ends of the connecting pipes (1031) on the two absorption towers (103) are respectively connected to the bottom of the two pressure tanks (104). The ends of the two recovery pipes (1012) are respectively connected to the bottom of the two pressure tanks (104) and valve six (1013) is provided at the connection. The bottom of the pressure tank (104) is connected to the discharge pipe (1044) and valve seven (1045) is provided at the connection.

2. The carbon dioxide capture device for industrial waste gas treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes pump one (105), pump two (106), desorption tower (107), liquid storage tank (109) and condenser (110). The input end of pump 1 (105) is connected to the ends of the two bottom pipes (1035) through a three-way pipe c (1051), and a valve five (1036) is provided at the connection between the three-way pipe c (1051) and the bottom pipe (1035). The output end of pump 1 (105) is connected to the inlet of the desorption tower (107) through a water pipe a (1052). An exhaust pipe (1071) is provided at the outlet of the desorption tower (107). The bottom of the desorption tower (107) is connected to the inlet of the condenser (110) through an inlet pipe (1101). The outlet of the condenser (110) is connected to the liquid storage tank (109) through an outlet pipe (1102). The storage tank (109) is connected to the input end of the second pump (106) through a water pipe b (1061). The output end of the second pump (106) is connected to the two bottom pipes (1035) through a three-way pipe d (1062), and a valve eight (1063) is provided at the connection between the three-way pipe d (1062) and the bottom pipe (1035).

3. The carbon dioxide capture device for industrial waste gas treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end of the exhaust pipe (1071) is connected to a cooler (108), and a collection pipe (1082) is provided at the outlet of the cooler (108). The bottom of the cooler (108) is connected to the liquid storage tank (109) through a drain pipe (1081).

4. The carbon dioxide capture device for industrial waste gas treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inlet of the absorption tower (103) is located at the top of the tower and the outlet is located at the bottom of the tower. The liquid level of the absorbent in the absorption tower (103) is close to the top of the absorption tower (103).

5. A carbon dioxide capture device for industrial waste gas treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the absorption tower (103) is also equipped with a gas valve (1033) and a liquid replenishment valve (1034).

6. A carbon dioxide capture device for industrial waste gas treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that, A hollow rotating shaft (1037) is coaxially and movably installed at the lower orifice of the inlet of the absorption tower (103). An arc rod (1038) is provided on the outer circular surface of the rotating shaft (1037). The arc rod (1038) is hollow and communicates with the rotating shaft (1037). A vent (1039) is provided on the outer surface of the arc rod (1038), and the center line of the vent (1039) is arranged horizontally.

7. A carbon dioxide capture device for industrial waste gas treatment according to claim 6, characterized in that, Multiple arc bars (1038) are arranged in a uniform array outside the rotating shaft (1037).

8. A carbon dioxide capture device for industrial waste gas treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure tank (104) has a step (1046) at the bottom, which is higher than the upper surface of the sensor (1043).

9. A carbon dioxide capture device for industrial waste gas treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that, Several guide plates (1072) are arranged in a vertical array inside the desorption tower (107). The guide plates (1072) are arranged at an angle and the planes of two adjacent guide plates (1072) are intersecting. The two adjacent guide plates (1072) are respectively connected to the two inner walls of the desorption tower (107) along the width direction. The inlet of the desorption tower (107) is located above the highest point of the uppermost guide plate (1072). The guide plate (1072) is made of thermally conductive material.

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