A method for ammonia injection in a denitration reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control

Abstract

The application provides a denitration reactor ammonia injection method based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control. The application comprises the following steps: logically virtually segmenting a denitration reactor into a plurality of integrated autonomous denitration subunits, configuring independent ammonia supply and mixing devices for each subunit, collecting a furnace outlet source NOx signal and a NOx feedback signal at the outlet of each subunit, and independently and accurately controlling the ammonia injection amount of each subunit based on the feedforward and feedback signals. The application realizes fine partition control of the reactor, improves the ammonia and smoke mixing uniformity and ammonia injection response speed, effectively reduces the outlet NOx fluctuation and ammonia escape, realizes uniform denitration of the full cross section, and meets the needs of ultra-low emission and energy saving and consumption reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal-fired flue gas denitrification technology, and in particular to a method for injecting ammonia into a denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control. Background Technology

[0002] Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitrification technology, as a core technology for nitrogen oxide control in coal-fired power plants, is widely used in flue gas purification within the power industry. With increasingly stringent environmental requirements, higher demands are being placed on the control accuracy and response speed of SCR systems. Among related technologies, a basic precision ammonia injection control system has been constructed through the coordinated operation of ammonia injection grids, online NOx monitoring, and feedback control. Specifically, this technology covers the entire process from flue gas sampling and NOx concentration analysis to ammonia injection rate adjustment, including key aspects such as flue gas distribution, ammonia-air mixing, and catalytic reaction.

[0003] However, existing ammonia injection control methods, which directly use traditional extraction analyzers for measurement, have not solved the technical bottleneck of measurement lag. This may lead to the control system being unable to respond promptly to rapid changes in NOx concentration, or to a mismatch between the ammonia injection rate and NOx distribution due to insufficient feedforward prediction accuracy, thereby affecting denitrification efficiency and increasing the risk of ammonia escape. At the same time, the pressure coupling problem between branches in traditional zoned ammonia injection systems is also difficult to eliminate fundamentally, affecting the accuracy of ammonia-nitrogen matching at the cross-section. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] Therefore, the first objective of this invention is to propose an ammonia injection method for a denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is to propose an ammonia injection device for a denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control.

[0007] The third objective of this invention is to provide a computer device.

[0008] A fourth objective of this invention is to provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of the present invention proposes a method for ammonia injection into a denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control, comprising:

[0010] S1, the denitrification reactor is logically and virtually divided into multiple independent denitrification sub-units, each of which constitutes an autonomous control unit integrating sensing, control, and reaction; S2, each virtual subunit is equipped with an independent ammonia supply device and a mixing device, and the ammonia gas and flue gas in each subunit are rapidly and uniformly mixed through the independent ammonia supply device and the mixing device. S3, obtains the nitrogen oxide signal at the combustion source by an in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer set at the furnace outlet, and obtains the nitrogen oxide feedback signal at the outlet of each virtual sub-unit by an in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer set at the outlet of each sub-unit. S4. Based on the nitrogen oxide advance signal from the combustion source and the nitrogen oxide feedback signal from the outlet of each sub-unit, the ammonia injection quantity of each virtual sub-unit is independently and precisely controlled.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of logically and virtually dividing the denitrification reactor into multiple independent denitrification sub-units includes: The grid-based partitioning method based on the cross-section of the denitrification reactor divides the reactor cross-section into multiple independent control regions according to preset rules, with each control region corresponding to a virtual sub-unit. The control zones are layered according to the flue gas flow direction to form a three-dimensional virtual sub-unit grid structure, achieving full coverage of the reactor space. Based on the NOx distribution characteristics, flue gas flow distribution, and reactor structural parameters of each virtual subunit, the number of subunits and the boundary division scheme are determined.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the gridded partitioning method based on the cross-section of the denitrification reactor divides the reactor cross-section into multiple independent control regions according to a preset rule, each control region corresponding to a virtual sub-unit, including: Based on the geometry and size of the reactor cross-section, the aspect ratio and number of grids are determined according to the principle of equal area or equal flow rate. The initial grid was optimized and adjusted based on the flue gas flow characteristics and NOx concentration distribution patterns to ensure that the grid division matches the flue gas distribution. Assign a unique identifier to each grid cell to establish a one-to-one mapping between sub-cells and grid cells, which facilitates subsequent independent control and monitoring.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, configuring an independent ammonia supply device and a mixing device for each virtual subunit includes: Each virtual subunit is independently configured with a dedicated ammonia supply pipeline, flow control valve, and ammonia metering module to achieve complete independence of the ammonia supply system; A high-efficiency mixer is installed at the ammonia injection inlet of each sub-unit, and a self-developed high-efficiency mixer structure is adopted to achieve rapid and uniform mixing of ammonia and flue gas. By independently controlling the ammonia supply and mixing devices of each subunit, the precise and independent adjustment of the ammonia injection amount of each subunit and the uniform mixing of ammonia gas and flue gas are ensured. The high-efficiency mixer adopts a self-developed high-efficiency mixer structure, which realizes rapid and uniform mixing of ammonia and flue gas within the sub-unit scale.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the acquisition of nitrogen oxide signals from the combustion source by using an in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer disposed at the furnace outlet includes: An in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer is installed in the flue gas outlet of the furnace to directly measure the concentration of nitrogen oxides generated at the combustion source and obtain real-time nitrogen oxide emission information during the combustion process. The measurement was performed using in-situ laser absorption spectroscopy, with a measurement lag time of no more than 3 seconds. Sampling is performed by directly inserting a sampling probe into the flue, enabling real-time acquisition and continuous monitoring of flue gas concentration.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of independently and precisely controlling the ammonia injection quantity of each virtual sub-unit based on the nitrogen oxide signal from the combustion source and the nitrogen oxide feedback signal from the outlet of each sub-unit includes: Based on the leading signal of nitrogen oxides at the furnace outlet, combined with historical data and real-time operating conditions, the future trend of nitrogen oxide concentration changes is predicted. By combining the feedback signals from the outlets of each sub-unit, a distributed control algorithm is used to independently calculate the ammonia injection rate of each sub-unit, thereby achieving independent and precise control of each sub-unit. The ammonia injection volume of each subunit can be adjusted and precisely controlled in real time through independent ammonia injection control valves and metering modules.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of combining the feedback signals from the outlets of each sub-unit and using a distributed control algorithm to independently calculate the ammonia injection rate of each sub-unit to achieve independent and precise control of each sub-unit includes: Establish dynamic mathematical models for each sub-unit to describe the nonlinear mapping relationship between ammonia injection rate and nitrogen oxide concentration; Based on model predictive control and feedback correction mechanisms, combined with optimization algorithms, the optimal ammonia injection rate for each sub-unit is calculated. By considering the pressure coupling relationship between each subunit and the ammonia distribution balance, coordinated optimization control and overall optimal performance can be achieved.

[0017] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of the present invention provides an ammonia injection device for a denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control, comprising: The virtual segmentation module is used to logically divide the denitrification reactor into multiple independent denitrification sub-units. Each sub-unit constitutes an autonomous control unit integrating sensing, control, and reaction. The unit configuration module is used to configure an independent ammonia supply device and a mixing device for each virtual subunit, so as to achieve rapid and uniform mixing of ammonia and flue gas in each subunit through the independent ammonia supply device and the mixing device. The signal acquisition module is used to acquire the nitrogen oxide signal at the combustion source through the in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer set at the furnace outlet, and to acquire the nitrogen oxide feedback signal at the outlet of each virtual sub-unit through the in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer set at the outlet of each sub-unit. An independent control module is used to independently and precisely control the ammonia injection quantity of each virtual subunit based on the nitrogen oxide signal from the combustion source and the nitrogen oxide feedback signal from the outlet of each subunit.

[0018] This invention discloses a method and apparatus for ammonia injection in a denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit-level autonomous control. Through virtual segmentation and unit-level autonomous control, it achieves precise and independent ammonia injection in each region of the reactor cross-section, reducing the measurement response speed from 30-60 seconds to less than 3 seconds, significantly improving the uniformity of denitrification and reducing ammonia consumption.

[0019] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of this application provides a computer device, including a processor and a memory; wherein the processor runs a program corresponding to the executable program code by reading executable program code stored in the memory, for implementing the method described in the first aspect embodiment.

[0020] To achieve the above objectives, a fourth aspect of this application provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an ammonia injection method for a denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an architecture diagram of an ammonia injection system for a denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of an ammonia injection device for a denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes a method and apparatus for ammonia injection into a denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an ammonia injection method for a denitrification reactor based on virtual partitioning and unit autonomous control according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes: S1, the denitrification reactor is logically and virtually divided into multiple independent denitrification sub-units, each of which constitutes an autonomous control unit integrating sensing, control, and reaction; Specifically, the denitrification reactor is logically and virtually divided into multiple independent denitrification sub-units, each of which constitutes an autonomous control unit integrating sensing, control, and reaction. This step establishes an architecture of "denitrification sub-unit - ammonia injection metering module - measuring point," logically dividing the reactor into multiple autonomous sub-units with independent sensing and control capabilities, achieving zonal control of the reactor cross-section. This virtual division does not change the physical structure of the reactor, but rather achieves logical unit division by configuring dedicated measuring and control elements in each sub-unit, combined with zonal measurement and independent control strategies. Each sub-unit, as an autonomous control unit, can independently complete the sensing of flue gas parameters, adjustment of ammonia injection, and denitrification reaction within its region, forming an integrated closed-loop control structure of "sensing-control-reaction," thus laying the foundation for subsequent independent and precise ammonia injection control of each sub-unit. For example, in one specific implementation, the denitrification reactor can be divided into several virtual sub-unit regions along the flue gas flow direction and cross-sectional direction according to the size of the reactor cross-section and the flue gas flow characteristics, with each region configured with independent measuring points and control paths.

[0027] Furthermore, the grid-based partitioning method based on the denitrification reactor cross-section first obtains the geometric shape and dimensional parameters of the reactor cross-section, including its length, width, and cross-sectional area. Based on this geometric information, the aspect ratio and number of grid cells are determined according to the principle of equal area or equal flow rate. Specifically, when the reactor cross-section is rectangular, the required number of rows and columns of the grid is calculated based on its length and width dimensions, ensuring that the area of ​​each grid cell is approximately equal. When the cross-sectional shape is irregular, the grid density is adjusted according to the flue gas flow distribution to ensure a relatively balanced flue gas flow rate within each grid cell.

[0028] Furthermore, after initial grid generation, the grid is optimized and adjusted based on flue gas flow characteristics and NOx concentration distribution patterns. By analyzing the flow path and velocity distribution of flue gas within the reactor, as well as the distribution characteristics of NOx concentration across the cross-section, the grid boundaries are fine-tuned to match the grid generation with the actual flue gas distribution. For areas with high flue gas velocity or high NOx concentration, subgrids are appropriately divided to improve control accuracy; for areas with low flue gas velocity or low NOx concentration, the grid size is appropriately increased to reduce the number of control units.

[0029] Furthermore, a unique identifier is assigned to each grid cell, establishing a one-to-one mapping between sub-cells and grid cells. The identifiers are represented using an encoding method, such as a three-level encoding structure of "region-row-column," where the first level represents the region number of the grid, the second level represents the row number, and the third level represents the column number. This identifier system allows for the rapid location and independent control of any sub-cell.

[0030] Furthermore, after completing the grid-based partitioning, each control area is layered according to the flue gas flow direction. In the vertical direction of the flue gas flow, several layered planes are divided according to the reactor height and flue gas flow characteristics. The grid cells on each layered plane and their corresponding grid cells in the vertical direction together form a three-dimensional virtual sub-unit grid structure, achieving full coverage of the reactor space.

[0031] Furthermore, based on the NOx distribution characteristics, flue gas flow distribution, and reactor structural parameters of each virtual subunit, the specific number of subunits and the boundary delineation scheme are determined. By analyzing historical NOx concentration data and flue gas flow data within each virtual subunit, combined with the reactor's catalyst layer arrangement, the final number of subunits and their boundary locations are determined. Each subunit acts as an independent autonomous control unit, possessing independent sensing, control, and response capabilities.

[0032] The aforementioned grid-based partitioning method divides the reactor cross-section into multiple independent control zones. These zones are then processed in three dimensions, combined with the flue gas flow direction, to form a three-dimensional grid structure, achieving comprehensive coverage of the reactor space. The number and boundaries of sub-units are determined based on NOx distribution characteristics, flue gas flow distribution, and structural parameters, ensuring that the control range of each sub-unit matches the actual operating conditions, thereby improving control accuracy and system adaptability. Furthermore, assigning a unique identifier to each grid unit and establishing a mapping relationship ensures accurate implementation of independent control.

[0033] S2, each virtual subunit is equipped with an independent ammonia supply device and a mixing device, and the ammonia gas and flue gas in each subunit are rapidly and uniformly mixed through the independent ammonia supply device and the mixing device. Specifically, based on virtual segmentation, each virtual subunit is equipped with an independent ammonia supply device and a mixing device. These independent devices enable rapid and uniform mixing of ammonia and flue gas within each subunit. Each virtual subunit acts as an independent autonomous control unit, with its ammonia injection rate controlled by dedicated ammonia supply and mixing hardware. The ammonia supply device provides each subunit with an independent gas source channel, avoiding pressure coupling between branches in traditional main pipe ammonia supply structures. The mixing device is located within the flue gas channel, achieving sufficient contact and uniform mixing of ammonia and flue gas within the subunit's scale. Because the ammonia supply and mixing systems of each subunit are independent, adjusting the ammonia injection rate of one subunit will not interfere with other subunits. This fundamentally solves the problem of pressure coupling and mutual influence between regulating valves in traditional zoned ammonia injection systems, while also overcoming the technical bottleneck of conventional SCR ammonia injection grids struggling to achieve uniform mixing in long flue configurations. For example, in one specific implementation, a dedicated high-efficiency mixer can be used in conjunction with an independent ammonia injection control valve to construct an independent architecture of "denitrification subunit - ammonia injection metering module - measuring point" for each virtual subunit, thereby achieving precise, rapid, and independent ammonia injection control on the reactor cross-section.

[0034] Furthermore, by achieving rapid and uniform mixing of ammonia and flue gas within the sub-unit scale and employing an independent ammonia supply and mixing architecture for each sub-unit, the uneven distribution of NOx on the reactor cross-section can be precisely matched, significantly reducing the relative standard deviation of NOx concentration at the reactor outlet cross-section. At the same time, it fundamentally eliminates the problem of mutual interference between pressure coupling between regulating valves in traditional zoned ammonia injection systems. Under the premise of ensuring compliance with emission standards, ammonia consumption can be reduced and ammonia slip rate can be controlled at a low level, thereby reducing operating costs and minimizing the risk of air preheater blockage.

[0035] S3, obtains the nitrogen oxide signal at the combustion source by an in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer set at the furnace outlet, and obtains the nitrogen oxide feedback signal at the outlet of each virtual sub-unit by an in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer set at the outlet of each sub-unit. In a precision ammonia injection control system, two types of key signals are needed to achieve independent and precise control of each virtual sub-unit: one is a leading signal reflecting the trend of nitrogen oxide formation at the combustion source, and the other is a feedback signal reflecting the denitrification effect of each sub-unit. By setting measuring devices at different locations in the reactor system, nitrogen oxide concentration signals at the combustion source and the outlet of each sub-unit are acquired, providing a data basis for subsequent control decisions.

[0036] Specifically, an in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer is installed at the furnace outlet to directly measure the concentration of nitrogen oxides generated at the combustion source. This signal serves as the basis for feedforward control, used to detect changes in nitrogen oxide concentrations in advance. In-situ nitrogen oxide analyzers are also installed at the outlet of each virtual sub-unit to measure the nitrogen oxide concentration after denitrification treatment in each sub-unit. This signal serves as the basis for feedback control, used to monitor the denitrification effect of each sub-unit in real time. The in-situ measurement method inserts the measuring probe directly into the flue, significantly shortening the measurement lag time and enabling the control system to respond promptly to dynamic changes in nitrogen oxide concentration.

[0037] Furthermore, the in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer can employ in-situ laser absorption spectroscopy technology, with a measurement lag time controllable to within 3 seconds. The sampling probe possesses anti-clogging, anti-fouling, and high-temperature resistance characteristics to ensure data reliability during long-term operation. The measurement signal from the furnace outlet and the measurement signals from the outlets of each sub-unit together constitute a dual closed-loop control architecture, providing complete signal support for the precise control of independent ammonia injection in each virtual sub-unit.

[0038] Furthermore, by acquiring advanced and feedback signals through in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzers located at different positions, early detection of nitrogen oxide changes at the combustion source and real-time monitoring of the denitrification effect of each sub-unit are achieved, significantly improving the response speed and control accuracy of the control system and effectively solving the technical problem of untimely control caused by severe measurement lag in traditional extraction analyzers.

[0039] S4. Based on the nitrogen oxide advance signal from the combustion source and the nitrogen oxide feedback signal from the outlet of each sub-unit, the ammonia injection quantity of each virtual sub-unit is independently and precisely controlled.

[0040] Specifically, based on the leading signal of nitrogen oxides (NOx) at the combustion source and the feedback signal of NOx at the outlet of each sub-unit, the ammonia injection rate of each virtual sub-unit is independently and precisely controlled. This step adopts a dual closed-loop control architecture combining feedforward and feedback. The NOx signal at the combustion source, obtained from the in-situ NOx analyzer at the furnace outlet, is used as the feedforward control quantity to detect the NOx change trend in advance. At the same time, the feedback signal obtained from the in-situ NOx analyzer at the outlet of each virtual sub-unit is used as the closed-loop adjustment quantity to correct the ammonia injection rate in real time, thereby achieving independent and precise adjustment of the ammonia injection rate of each sub-unit. In this control architecture, the ammonia injection control of each virtual sub-unit is independent and does not interfere with each other, fundamentally solving the problem of pressure coupling and mutual influence between control valves in traditional zoned ammonia injection systems. As a specific implementation method, the distributed control system is communicatively connected to each independent ammonia injection control valve and each in-situ NOx analyzer. Based on the leading signal of NOx at the furnace outlet and the feedback signal of NOx at the outlet of each sub-unit, the ammonia injection rate of each virtual sub-unit is independently calculated and adjusted through a distributed control algorithm.

[0041] This technology step predicts the trend of nitrogen oxide changes in advance through feedforward signals and combines them with real-time correction of feedback signals, which significantly improves the response speed of the control system to rapid changes in nitrogen oxide concentration. At the same time, it realizes precise and independent control of each area on the reactor cross section, effectively improving the uniformity of denitrification and reducing the ammonia slip rate.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, a denitrification reactor ammonia injection system based on virtual partitioning and unit autonomous control is provided, such as... Figure 2 As shown, by virtually dividing the reactor into multiple autonomous sub-units, and combining a dedicated mixer, independent ammonia injection control, and in-situ rapid measurement, precise and independent control of each region on the cross-section can be achieved.

[0043] Specifically, in a denitrification reactor ammonia injection system based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control, the system includes a denitrification reactor body and also includes: The virtual sub-unit segmentation module logically divides the denitrification reactor into multiple independent denitrification sub-units, each of which constitutes an integrated autonomous control unit encompassing sensing, control, and reaction. This virtual segmentation does not alter the reactor's physical structure; rather, it achieves logical unit division through zonal measurement and independent control.

[0044] The independent ammonia supply and mixing module equips each virtual subunit with a dedicated mixer, an independent ammonia injection control valve, and an ammonia-air mixing device. The dedicated mixer employs a self-developed high-efficiency mixer, achieving rapid and uniform mixing of ammonia and flue gas within the subunit scale while maintaining the independence of the flue gas in each unit. This overcomes the problem of uneven mixing caused by the long flue gas duct configuration at the conventional SCR ammonia injection grid location. Through the architecture of "denitrification subunit - ammonia injection metering module - measuring point," precise, rapid, and independent ammonia injection control is achieved at the reactor cross-section. This fundamentally solves the ammonia-nitrogen matching problem caused by different nitrogen oxide formation patterns in flue gas under rapid load changes, as well as the problem of pressure coupling and mutual influence between regulating valves in traditional precision ammonia injection systems.

[0045] The in-situ measurement module includes an in-situ NOx analyzer installed at the outlet of each virtual sub-unit and an in-situ NOx analyzer installed at the furnace outlet. The sub-unit outlet analyzer is used for feedback control, while the furnace outlet analyzer provides advance disturbance signals from the combustion source. The in-situ NOx analyzer employs in-situ laser absorption spectroscopy technology, with a measurement lag time ≤3 seconds. The sampling probe is directly inserted into the flue and features anti-clogging, anti-fouling, and high-temperature resistance characteristics, ensuring long-term operational stability and data reliability.

[0046] The distributed control system is connected to each independent ammonia injection control valve and each in-situ NOx analyzer. Based on the NOx advance signal at the furnace outlet and the NOx feedback signal at the sub-unit outlet, it independently and precisely controls the ammonia injection amount of each virtual sub-unit.

[0047] The embodiments of this invention also have the following technical effects: Achieving precise ammonia injection control at the cross-section. By virtually dividing the reactor into multiple autonomous sub-units, each sub-unit independently controls the ammonia injection rate, accurately matching the uneven NOx distribution at the reactor cross-section, ensuring that the relative standard deviation of NOx concentration at the reactor outlet cross-section is ≤15%, significantly improving denitrification uniformity. Eliminating pressure coupling interference. Adopting an independent architecture of "denitrification sub-unit - ammonia injection metering module - measuring point," each sub-unit does not interfere with each other, fundamentally solving the problem of pressure coupling and mutual influence between regulating valves in traditional zoned ammonia injection systems. Solving the problem of uneven mixing. Using a self-developed high-efficiency mixer, rapid and uniform mixing of ammonia and flue gas is achieved within the sub-unit scale, overcoming the problem of uneven mixing in conventional SCR ammonia injection grid locations with long flue gas ducts. Improving response speed through advanced feedback. Directly measuring NOx generation at the combustion source using an in-situ NOx analyzer at the furnace outlet, replacing the traditional indirect parameter prediction model, allows for early detection of NOx change trends, significantly improving the feedforward control response speed. Enabling timely control through rapid measurement. The in-situ NOx analyzer has a measurement lag of ≤3 seconds, which is more than 90% shorter than that of traditional extraction analyzers (lag of 30-60 seconds). The control system can respond promptly to rapid changes in NOx concentration. It offers significant economic advantages. While ensuring emission standards are met, ammonia consumption can be reduced by 5-10%, and the average ammonia slip rate can be ≤2.5 ppm, reducing operating costs and the risk of air preheater blockage. Provided the catalyst performance meets requirements, denitrification efficiency can be increased to over 95%. It is highly adaptable. The system modification scope is clearly defined, requiring only adaptive modifications to the existing ammonia injection grid, the addition of an ammonia-nitrogen mixer, an independent ammonia injection metering module, and an in-situ analyzer, demonstrating good economic viability and widespread application value.

[0048] To achieve the above embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment also provides an ammonia injection device 10 for a denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control, comprising: The virtual segmentation module 100 is used to logically and virtually divide the denitrification reactor into multiple independent denitrification sub-units, each of which constitutes an autonomous control unit integrating sensing, control, and reaction. The unit configuration module 200 is used to configure an independent ammonia supply device and a mixing device for each virtual subunit, so as to achieve rapid and uniform mixing of ammonia and flue gas in each subunit through the independent ammonia supply device and the mixing device. The signal acquisition module 300 is used to acquire the nitrogen oxide signal at the combustion source through the in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer set at the furnace outlet, and to acquire the nitrogen oxide feedback signal at the outlet of each virtual sub-unit through the in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer set at the outlet of each virtual sub-unit. The independent control module 400 is used to independently and precisely control the ammonia injection quantity of each virtual subunit based on the nitrogen oxide signal from the combustion source and the nitrogen oxide feedback signal from the outlet of each subunit.

[0049] An embodiment of the present invention provides an ammonia injection device for a denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit-level autonomous control. Through virtual segmentation and unit-level autonomous control, it achieves precise and independent ammonia injection in each region of the reactor cross-section, reducing the measurement response speed from 30-60 seconds to less than 3 seconds, significantly improving the uniformity of denitrification and reducing ammonia consumption.

[0050] To implement the methods of the above embodiments, the present invention also provides a computer device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the computer device 600 includes a memory 601 and a processor 602; wherein, the processor 602 reads the executable program code stored in the memory 601 to run a program corresponding to the executable program code, so as to implement the various steps of the ammonia injection method for a denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control described above.

[0051] To implement the above embodiments, this application also proposes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements a method for ammonia injection into a denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control as described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0052] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0053] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

Claims

1. A method for injecting ammonia into a denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control, characterized in that, include: S1, the denitrification reactor is logically and virtually divided into multiple independent denitrification sub-units, each of which constitutes an autonomous control unit integrating sensing, control, and reaction; S2, each virtual subunit is equipped with an independent ammonia supply device and a mixing device, and the ammonia gas and flue gas in each subunit are rapidly and uniformly mixed through the independent ammonia supply device and the mixing device. S3, obtains the nitrogen oxide signal at the combustion source by an in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer set at the furnace outlet, and obtains the nitrogen oxide feedback signal at the outlet of each virtual sub-unit by an in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer set at the outlet of each sub-unit. S4. Based on the nitrogen oxide advance signal from the combustion source and the nitrogen oxide feedback signal from the outlet of each sub-unit, the ammonia injection quantity of each virtual sub-unit is independently and precisely controlled.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of logically and virtually dividing the denitrification reactor into multiple independent denitrification sub-units includes: The grid-based partitioning method based on the cross-section of the denitrification reactor divides the reactor cross-section into multiple independent control regions according to preset rules, with each control region corresponding to a virtual sub-unit. The control zones are layered according to the flue gas flow direction to form a three-dimensional virtual sub-unit grid structure, achieving full coverage of the reactor space. Based on the NOx distribution characteristics, flue gas flow distribution, and reactor structural parameters of each virtual subunit, the number of subunits and the boundary division scheme are determined.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The grid-based partitioning method based on the denitrification reactor cross-section divides the reactor cross-section into multiple independent control regions according to preset rules. Each control region corresponds to a virtual sub-unit, including: Based on the geometry and size of the reactor cross-section, the aspect ratio and number of grids are determined according to the principle of equal area or equal flow rate. The initial grid was optimized and adjusted based on the flue gas flow characteristics and NOx concentration distribution patterns to ensure that the grid division matches the flue gas distribution. Assign a unique identifier to each grid cell to establish a one-to-one mapping between sub-cells and grid cells, which facilitates subsequent independent control and monitoring.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The configuration of an independent ammonia supply device and mixing device for each virtual subunit includes: Each virtual subunit is independently configured with a dedicated ammonia supply pipeline, flow control valve, and ammonia metering module to achieve complete independence of the ammonia supply system; A high-efficiency mixer is installed at the ammonia injection inlet of each sub-unit, and a self-developed high-efficiency mixer structure is adopted to achieve rapid and uniform mixing of ammonia and flue gas. By independently controlling the ammonia supply and mixing devices of each subunit, the precise and independent adjustment of the ammonia injection amount of each subunit and the uniform mixing of ammonia gas and flue gas are ensured. The high-efficiency mixer adopts a self-developed high-efficiency mixer structure, which realizes rapid and uniform mixing of ammonia and flue gas within the sub-unit scale.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of nitrogen oxide signals from the combustion source via an in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer located at the furnace outlet includes: An in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer is installed in the flue gas outlet of the furnace to directly measure the concentration of nitrogen oxides generated at the combustion source and obtain real-time nitrogen oxide emission information during the combustion process. The measurement was performed using in-situ laser absorption spectroscopy, with a measurement lag time of no more than 3 seconds. Sampling is performed by directly inserting a sampling probe into the flue, enabling real-time acquisition and continuous monitoring of flue gas concentration.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method of independently and precisely controlling the ammonia injection rate of each virtual subunit based on the nitrogen oxide signal from the combustion source and the nitrogen oxide feedback signal from the outlet of each subunit includes: Based on the leading signal of nitrogen oxides at the furnace outlet, combined with historical data and real-time operating conditions, the future trend of nitrogen oxide concentration changes is predicted. By combining the feedback signals from the outlets of each sub-unit, a distributed control algorithm is used to independently calculate the ammonia injection rate of each sub-unit, thereby achieving independent and precise control of each sub-unit. The ammonia injection volume of each subunit can be adjusted and precisely controlled in real time through independent ammonia injection control valves and metering modules.

7. The method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The method combines feedback signals from the outlets of each sub-unit and employs a distributed control algorithm to independently calculate the ammonia injection rate of each sub-unit, achieving independent and precise control of each sub-unit. This includes: Establish dynamic mathematical models for each sub-unit to describe the nonlinear mapping relationship between ammonia injection rate and nitrogen oxide concentration; Based on model predictive control and feedback correction mechanisms, combined with optimization algorithms, the optimal ammonia injection rate for each sub-unit is calculated. By considering the pressure coupling relationship between each subunit and the ammonia distribution balance, coordinated optimization control and overall optimal performance can be achieved.

8. An ammonia injection device for a denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control, characterized in that, include: The virtual segmentation module is used to logically divide the denitrification reactor into multiple independent denitrification sub-units. Each sub-unit constitutes an autonomous control unit integrating sensing, control, and reaction. The unit configuration module is used to configure an independent ammonia supply device and a mixing device for each virtual subunit, so as to achieve rapid and uniform mixing of ammonia and flue gas in each subunit through the independent ammonia supply device and the mixing device. The signal acquisition module is used to acquire the nitrogen oxide signal at the combustion source through the in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer set at the furnace outlet, and to acquire the nitrogen oxide feedback signal at the outlet of each virtual sub-unit through the in-situ nitrogen oxide analyzer set at the outlet of each sub-unit. An independent control module is used to independently and precisely control the ammonia injection quantity of each virtual subunit based on the nitrogen oxide signal from the combustion source and the nitrogen oxide feedback signal from the outlet of each subunit.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, Including processor and memory; The processor reads the executable program code stored in the memory to run the program corresponding to the executable program code, so as to implement the ammonia injection method of the denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by the processor, the program implements an ammonia injection method for a denitrification reactor based on virtual segmentation and unit autonomous control as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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