A visual feedback-based multi-component solid powder automatic quantitative feeding device for a reaction kettle

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of feeding devices, and specifically discloses a multi-component solid powder automatic quantitative feeding device for a reaction kettle based on visual feedback, which comprises a base, a reaction kettle, a pneumatic feeding device and a storage device, the reaction kettle, the pneumatic feeding device and the storage device are respectively fixedly installed above the base, the pneumatic feeding device is communicated with the inside of the storage device through a double-pass material drawing mechanism, powder is drawn and sucked pneumatically, the pneumatic feeding device conveys the sucked powder to the inside of the reaction kettle through a feeding pipe, a ring holder is arranged above the inside of the reaction kettle, a plurality of split mechanisms are connected to the ring holder through a rotating mechanism below the inside of the ring holder, and a guide hopper is fixedly installed above the inside of the reaction kettle, the double-pass material drawing mechanism, the split mechanism and a visual camera are used to solve the problems of easy blockage of a conventional T-shaped pipe, influence of powder agglomeration on metering and high artificial participation, and full-process automatic and accurate quantitative feeding is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of feeding devices, and specifically discloses an automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powders in a reaction vessel based on visual feedback. Background Technology

[0002] As the core container for physical or chemical reactions in industries such as chemical engineering, pharmaceuticals, and new energy, the quantitative feeding of solid powders into the reactor is a critical step in the production process, directly affecting product quality, production efficiency, and operational safety. With the increasing prevalence of multi-component formulation processes, reactor feeding devices need to simultaneously process multiple solid powders with different properties and complete the quantitative feeding sequentially or synchronously according to a set ratio. This places higher demands on the path design, conveying stability, and metering accuracy of the feeding system.

[0003] However, existing automatic quantitative feeding devices for multi-component solid powders still have many technical shortcomings in practical applications, specifically in the following aspects:

[0004] First, to simplify the system structure and save costs, existing feeding devices often use T-tubes as the manifold element for multi-component powders, converging multiple feeding paths into a single conveying pipe before sending them into the reactor. However, due to the abrupt change in flow direction at the T-tube confluence, solid powders of different components are prone to accumulation and bridging. Furthermore, the friction and adhesion between powder particles easily lead to blockages at the T-junction points of the T-tube. Once blockage occurs, it not only interrupts feeding and affects production continuity but also prevents quantitative feeding from following the preset procedure. In severe cases, it necessitates shutdown and pipeline cleaning, significantly reducing production efficiency.

[0005] Secondly, during storage, transportation, and mixing, various solid powders are prone to forming clumps of varying sizes due to factors such as moisture absorption, electrostatic adsorption, or interparticle forces. When these clumps enter the feeding device, their poor flowability can clog the feeding channels and metering mechanisms. Furthermore, they cause significant changes in the actual mass of the powder per unit volume—the clumps introduce greater porosity during weighing or volumetric metering, making it impossible for the metering mechanism to accurately reflect the true amount of material fed. Especially in scenarios where multiple components are fed sequentially, the non-uniform distribution of clumps leads to an imbalance in the proportions of each component, directly affecting the metering balance of the chemical reaction within the reactor and the quality of the product.

[0006] Therefore, when the above problems occur, frequent intervention by staff is required, which seriously affects production efficiency and makes it difficult to meet the demands of modern fine chemical and high-end production for high-precision, high-reliability, and fully automated feeding. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powders in reaction vessels that can effectively overcome the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems commonly found in existing automatic quantitative feeding devices for multi-component solid powders in reactors, such as easy blockage of T-shaped pipe manifolds, interference with quantitative feeding by pneumatic feeding, powder agglomeration affecting measurement accuracy, and the need for continuous manual intervention. The invention proposes an automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powders in reactors based on visual feedback. The device includes a base, a reactor, a pneumatic feeding device, and a storage device. The reactor, pneumatic feeding device, and storage device are fixedly installed above the base. The pneumatic feeding device is connected to the storage device via a double-channel suction mechanism to pneumatically draw powder. The pneumatic feeding device then transports the drawn powder into the reactor through a feeding pipe. A ring frame seat is located above the interior of the reactor. The ring frame seat is connected to multiple agglomeration mechanisms via a rotating mechanism located below the interior. A guide hopper is fixedly installed above the interior of the reactor, and a conical cutting platform is fixedly installed above the interior of the guide hopper.

[0008] Each of the multiple cluster-breaking mechanisms includes an inclined arm, a rectangular frame, and a slitting disc. Multiple slitting discs are provided, and a connecting shaft is rotatably inserted inside each of the multiple slitting discs. The connecting shaft is installed inside the rectangular frame. One end of the inclined arm is sleeved with the upper external end of the connecting shaft, and the end of the inclined arm away from the connecting shaft is connected to one side of the rotating mechanism. The multiple slitting discs roll and cooperate along the conical inner wall of the conical cutting platform to cooperate in splitting the clusters during rotation.

[0009] In the above scheme, the dual-channel material extraction mechanism further includes two inclined pipes, which are located at the upper and lower ends of the material storage device, respectively. One end of the two inclined pipes is connected to a manifold. The ends of the two inclined pipes connected to the manifold are provided with oblique guide surfaces, and the oblique guide surfaces of the two inclined pipes are staggered to avoid the two streams of powder colliding and forming a bridge at the confluence point during pneumatic material extraction, thus preventing the bridging effect during pneumatic material extraction. A pneumatic ejector is installed inside one end of the manifold, and the end of the manifold away from the pneumatic ejector is connected to the inside of the pneumatic feeding device.

[0010] In the above scheme, the rotating mechanism further includes a retaining ring shell, on the outer surface of which retaining ring teeth are installed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. The upper end of the retaining ring shell is rotatably clamped inside the ring frame seat. Multiple rolling universal balls are installed inside the two sides of the ring frame seat that are in contact with the retaining ring shell. The multiple rolling universal balls roll in contact with the inner and outer walls of the retaining ring shell. A servo motor is fixedly installed above one side of the reactor. The output end of the servo motor extends into the reactor, and a drive tooth is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the output end of the servo motor. The drive tooth meshes with the multiple retaining ring teeth.

[0011] In the above solution, a support rod is vertically installed at the bottom of the retaining ring shell and at the corresponding inclined arm. The upper end of the inclined arm is fixedly connected to the support rod. The support rod is connected to a connecting seat through a U-shaped frame on the outside. The connecting seat is fixedly sleeved with the lower outside of the connecting shaft.

[0012] In the above scheme, a hydraulic rod is further fixedly installed inside the upper part of the inclined arm, and a gap-breaking component is provided at the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod.

[0013] In the above solution, the gap-breaking component further includes a slider, the upper end face of which is connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod, an inclined rod is fixedly installed inside the slider, and a fixing rod is fixedly installed outside the inclined rod at the gap of the adjacent two cutting discs, and a V-shaped card is fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixing rod.

[0014] In the above scheme, a lifting hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed above the reactor and in the middle. A blocker is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder. A discharge pipe is connected to the lower part of the guide hopper. The blocker moves up and down inside the discharge pipe to control the conveying of powder.

[0015] In the above scheme, furthermore, a vision camera is symmetrically installed on the upper end of the reactor, and support blocks are symmetrically installed on both sides inside the reactor and below the feed hopper. A weighing device is installed between the two support blocks. A discharge valve is installed inside the weighing device. The weighing device is connected to the lower end of the feed pipe. Two sets of sealing rings are symmetrically fitted on the outside of the blocker. The outer diameter of the blocker is adapted to the inner diameter of the feed pipe. The two sets of sealing rings are fitted axially along the blocker and are used to form a sliding seal with the inner wall of the feed pipe when the blocker is raised and lowered.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. This invention replaces the traditional T-shaped pipe manifold with a dual-channel material extraction mechanism. Two sloping pipes extend into the upper and lower ends of the material storage device, respectively, and a beveled guide surface is provided at the end connected to the manifold. The beveled guide surfaces of the two sloping pipes are arranged in a staggered manner. When two streams of powder are pneumatically drawn into the manifold simultaneously, the staggered beveled guide surfaces cause the two streams of powder to converge into the same pipeline in a non-opposing direction. This effectively avoids the accumulation and bridging of powder at the junction due to a sudden change in flow direction, eliminating the risk of pipeline blockage at the source, ensuring the continuous smooth flow of multi-component powder supply, and reducing the frequency of downtime maintenance due to blockage.

[0018] 2. This invention utilizes a clumping and splitting structure, consisting of a ring frame, a rotating mechanism, and multiple clumping mechanisms, installed above the interior of the reactor. A servo motor drives the retaining ring shell to rotate, which in turn drives multiple sets of inclined arms and slitting discs to roll along the conical inner wall of the conical cutting platform. When the powder carrying clumped material enters the feed hopper through the feeding pipe, the rotating slitting discs and the conical cutting platform create a shearing and grinding effect, effectively splitting and breaking down clumped material of varying sizes caused by moisture or electrostatic adsorption. Simultaneously, gap-breaking components inside the inclined arms, driven by hydraulic rods, extend V-shaped cards into the gaps between adjacent slitting discs to further scrape away residual powder stuck in the gaps, ensuring the slitting discs maintain a consistently good slitting effect. The synergistic effect of these structures significantly reduces the clumping rate of powder entering the weighing device and reactor, allowing the powder to participate in subsequent metering in a loose and uniform form. This effectively eliminates the porosity error introduced by clumping and ensures the accuracy of quantitative feeding.

[0019] 3. This invention establishes a closed-loop feedback control mechanism through the coordinated operation of a vision camera and a weighing device. The vision cameras are symmetrically installed at the top of the reactor, acquiring real-time images of the powder accumulation status in the feed hopper and cutting disc area. When the vision cameras detect abnormal powder accumulation or ineffective agglomeration, they promptly provide feedback signals to adjust the injection parameters of the pneumatic injector and the rotation speed of the servo motor, achieving adaptive control. Simultaneously, the weighing device monitors the weight of the powder falling into it through the feed pipe. When the weighing value reaches a preset threshold, a lifting hydraulic cylinder drives a blocking device to descend and block the feed pipe, and a discharge valve releases a fixed amount of powder into the reactor. This dual feedback mechanism of visual monitoring and weight measurement eliminates the need for frequent operator inspections and manual intervention throughout the feeding process, achieving fully automated operation from powder suction, conveying, agglomeration breaking to quantitative dispensing. This significantly reduces manual labor intensity and avoids the health risks associated with long-term exposure to dust environments for operators. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This invention provides an overall structural schematic diagram of an automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powder in a reaction vessel based on visual feedback.

[0021] Figure 2 This invention provides an overall structural schematic diagram from another angle of an automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powders in a reaction vessel based on visual feedback.

[0022] Figure 3 This invention provides a schematic diagram showing the structural breakdown of the inner part of a reactor for an automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powders based on visual feedback.

[0023] Figure 4This invention provides a partial structural diagram of the relationship between the ring frame seat and the retaining ring shell of an automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powder in a reaction vessel based on visual feedback.

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the rotating mechanism and multiple agglomeration mechanisms of an automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powder in a reaction vessel based on visual feedback provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating the connection between the blockage device and the lifting hydraulic cylinder in an automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powder in a reaction vessel based on visual feedback, provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the partial connection structure between the inclined arm and the hydraulic rod of an automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powder in a reaction vessel based on visual feedback.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Reactor; 3. Lifting hydraulic cylinder; 4. Servo motor; 5. Pneumatic feeding device; 6. Sloping pipe; 7. Manifold; 8. Vision camera; 9. Pneumatic injector; 10. Storage device; 11. Feeding pipe; 12. Ring frame seat; 13. Inclined arm; 14. Drive gear; 15. Snap ring shell; 16. Conical cutting table; 17. Guide hopper; 18. Weighing device; 19. Discharge valve; 20. Support block; 21. Discharge pipe; 22. Snap ring gear; 23. Support rod; 24. Rectangular frame; 25. Sliding disc; 26. Connecting seat; 27. U-shaped frame; 28. Sealing ring; 29. ​​Blocking device; 30. Inclined bar; 31. Hydraulic rod; 32. Sliding block; 33. Fixing rod; 34. V-shaped clip. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] like Figures 1-7The device shown is an automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powder in a reactor based on visual feedback. It includes a base 1, a reactor 2, a pneumatic feeding device 5, and a storage device 10. The reactor 2, the pneumatic feeding device 5, and the storage device 10 are fixedly installed on the top of the base 1. The pneumatic feeding device 5 is connected to the inside of the storage device 10 through a double-pass extraction mechanism. It is used to pneumatically extract the multi-component solid powder stored in the storage device 10. The powder is pneumatically extracted and transported to the inside of the reactor 2 through a feeding pipe 11. A ring frame seat 12 is provided on the top of the inside of the reactor 2 to provide a rotation support base for the rotating mechanism. The ring frame seat 12 is connected to multiple agglomeration mechanisms through the rotating mechanism on the bottom of the inside. A guide hopper 17 is fixedly installed on the top of the inside of the reactor 2. A conical cutting platform 16 is fixedly installed on the top of the inside of the guide hopper 17. The conical cutting platform 16 is a ring conical structure with its inner wall gradually tapering from top to bottom.

[0031] Each of the multiple agglomeration mechanisms includes an inclined arm 13, a rectangular frame 24, and a slitting disc 25. Multiple slitting discs 25 are provided, and a connecting shaft is inserted and rotates within each disc. The connecting shaft is installed inside the rectangular frame 24. One end of the inclined arm 13 is sleeved on the upper outer side of the connecting shaft, and the end of the inclined arm 13 away from the connecting shaft is connected to one side of the rotating mechanism. The multiple slitting discs 25 roll along the conical inner wall of the conical cutting platform 16 to split the agglomerates during rotation. When the rotating mechanism rotates, the agglomerates are split... The inclined arm 13 drives the connecting shaft and the rectangular frame 24 to revolve around the vertical central axis of the reactor 2. Multiple cutting discs 25 roll along the conical inner wall of the conical cutting table 16 while revolving. They are used to break up the agglomerates in the powder through the shearing and grinding action between the cutting discs 25 and the conical cutting table 16 during the rotation. A vision camera 8 is symmetrically installed at the upper end of the reactor 2. The lens of the vision camera 8 faces downwards and is used to collect images of the powder accumulation status in the feed hopper 17 and the area of ​​the cutting discs 25 inside the reactor 2 in real time.

[0032] In this embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, the dual-channel feeding mechanism includes two inclined pipes 6, which are located at the upper and lower ends of the storage device 10, respectively. One inclined pipe 6 has its inlet extending into the upper layer of powder inside the storage device 10, while the other inclined pipe 6 has its inlet extending into the lower layer of powder inside the storage device 10. A manifold 7 is connected to one end of each of the two inclined pipes 6. Both ends of the inclined pipes 6 connected to the manifold 7 are provided with oblique guide surfaces, and the oblique guide surfaces of the two inclined pipes 6 are staggered relative to each other. To prevent bridging at the confluence of two powder streams during pneumatic extraction, a pneumatic ejector 9 is installed inside one end of the manifold 7. The end of the manifold 7 away from the pneumatic ejector 9 is connected to the pneumatic feeding device 5. Specifically, under the suction of the pneumatic feeding device 5, the two inclined pipes 6 simultaneously extract powder from the upper and lower layers of the storage device 10. The powder from each layer travels along the inclined pipes 6 to the manifold 7. Since the outlet ends of the two inclined pipes 6 are equipped with oblique guide surfaces and are arranged in a staggered manner, the two powder streams enter the manifold 7 in a non-opposing direction, effectively avoiding bridging at the confluence due to abrupt changes in flow direction. When the amount of powder being conveyed decreases or the negative pressure resistance of the pipeline increases, the pneumatic ejector 9 is activated, injecting compressed gas into the manifold 7 to assist in the smooth forward conveying of the powder to the pneumatic feeding device 5.

[0033] It is important to emphasize that the injection pressure and flow rate of the pneumatic injector 9 are dynamically adjusted by the external control system based on the operating parameters of the pneumatic feeding device 5 and the feedback signal from the vision camera 8. The specific pressure value is set according to the physical properties of the powder, such as density, particle size, and flowability. The pneumatic injector 9 only operates as an auxiliary device when the conveying resistance increases or the powder flow rate decreases, rather than running at full power continuously, to avoid excessive airflow interfering with the metering accuracy.

[0034] In this embodiment, as Figures 2-4As shown, the rotating mechanism includes a retaining ring housing 15. Retaining ring teeth 22 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the outer surface of the retaining ring housing 15. The upper end of the retaining ring housing 15 is rotatably fitted inside the ring frame seat 12. Multiple rolling universal balls are installed inside both sides of the ring frame seat 12 that are in contact with the retaining ring housing 15. These rolling universal balls make rolling contact with the inner and outer walls of the retaining ring housing 15 to reduce frictional resistance during rotation and ensure smooth rotation. A servo motor 4 is fixedly installed above one side of the reactor 2. The output end of the servo motor 4 extends into the reactor 2, and the output end of the servo motor 4 is externally... A drive tooth 14 is fixedly sleeved on the part, and the drive tooth 14 meshes with multiple retaining ring teeth 22. Support rods 23 are vertically installed at the bottom of the retaining ring shell 15 and at the corresponding angled arm 13. The upper end of the angled arm 13 is fixedly connected to the support rod 23. The support rod 23 is connected to a connecting seat 26 via a U-shaped frame 27 on the outside below. The connecting seat 26 is fixedly sleeved with the outside below the connecting shaft. Specifically, after the servo motor 4 starts, its output end drives the drive tooth 14 to rotate. The drive tooth 14, through meshing transmission, drives the retaining ring shell 15 to rotate around the vertical central axis of the reactor 2 inside the ring frame seat 12. When the retaining ring shell 15 rotates, the vertically installed support rod 23 at its bottom drives the angled arm 13 to rotate synchronously. The angled arm 13 then drives the connecting shaft and the rectangular frame 24 to rotate as a whole through the U-shaped frame 27 and the connecting seat 26, ultimately causing the multiple cutting discs 25 installed inside the rectangular frame 24 to revolve around the vertical central axis of the reactor 2. During the revolution, the cutting disk 25 rolls along the conical inner wall of the conical cutting platform 16, realizing a combined motion of rotation and revolution.

[0035] It is important to emphasize that the rotational speed of the servo motor 4 is dynamically adjusted by the external control system based on the powder accumulation image fed back by the vision camera 8, to ensure that the rolling speed of the slitting disc 25 matches the powder falling speed. The rolling universal ball bearings can be made of ceramic or wear-resistant steel balls, and their specific materials and dimensions are selected according to the actual working load.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, a hydraulic rod 31 is fixedly installed inside the upper part of the inclined arm 13. A gap-removing component is provided at the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 31. This component is used to remove residual powder stuck in the gaps between the slitting discs 25. The gap-removing component includes a slider 32, the upper end of which is connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 31. An inclined rod 30 is fixedly installed inside the slider 32. A fixing rod 33 is fixedly installed outside the inclined rod 30 at the gaps of adjacent slitting discs 25. A V-shaped clip 34 is fixedly installed at the lower end of each fixing rod 33. Specifically, after the slitting discs 25 have been running for a long time, some powder may become stuck in the gaps between adjacent slitting discs 25, affecting the normal rolling and slitting effect of the slitting discs 25. At this time, the external control system controls the hydraulic rod 31 to start, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 31 extends, pushing the slider 32 to slide downwards along the inclined arm 13. The slider 32 drives the inclined rod 30 and each fixed rod 33 to move downwards synchronously, causing the V-shaped card 34 at the lower end of the fixed rod 33 to extend into the gap between two adjacent slitting discs 25. After the tip of the V-shaped card 34 enters the gap, as the slitting disc 25 rotates, it scrapes and pushes out the residual powder stuck in the gap, restoring the normal gap between the slitting discs 25. After cleaning is completed, the hydraulic rod 31 retracts, and the V-shaped card 34 exits the gap.

[0037] It is important to emphasize that the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod 31 is determined and triggered by an external control system based on the image of the slitting disc 25 area fed back by the vision camera 8, enabling periodic automatic cleaning or on-demand cleaning. The thickness of the V-shaped card 34 is less than the normal gap width between adjacent slitting discs 25 to ensure that it does not rigidly collide with the slitting disc 25 when extended. In addition, the V-shaped card 34 is made of wear-resistant stainless steel or ceramic material to improve its service life.

[0038] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, a lifting hydraulic cylinder 3 is fixedly installed above and in the middle of the reactor 2. A blocker 29 is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 3. A discharge pipe 21 is installed inside the lower part of the guide hopper 17. The blocker 29 moves up and down inside the discharge pipe 21 to control the conveying of powder. Support blocks 20 are symmetrically installed on both sides inside the reactor 2 and below the guide hopper 17. A weighing device 18 is installed between the two support blocks 20. A discharge valve 19 is installed inside the lower part of the weighing device 18. The discharge valve 19 is used to control the release of powder from the weighing device 18 to the lower part of the reactor 2. The weighing device 18 and the discharge pipe 21 are connected. The lower end of the feed pipe 21 is internally connected. The blocker 29 moves up and down above the feed pipe 21, controlling the opening and closing of the feed pipe 21 and thus controlling the powder conveying. Two sets of sealing rings 28 are symmetrically fitted on the outside of the blocker 29. The outer diameter of the blocker 29 matches the inner diameter of the feed pipe 21. The two sets of sealing rings 28 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the blocker 29 to form a sliding seal with the inner wall of the feed pipe 21 when the blocker 29 moves up and down. Specifically, the loose powder after being broken and dispersed enters the feed pipe 21 through the guide hopper 17 and falls into the weighing device 18, which is connected to the lower end of the feed pipe 21. The weighing device 18 weighs the powder falling into it in real time and transmits the weighing signal to the external control system in real time. When the weight of the powder detected by the weighing device 18 reaches the preset feeding threshold of the external control system, the external control system sends a command to the lifting hydraulic cylinder 3. The lifting hydraulic cylinder 3 starts, and its telescopic end drives the blocker 29 to move downward. The two sets of sealing rings 28 on the outside of the blocker 29 form a sliding seal with the inner wall of the discharge pipe 21, reliably blocking the discharge pipe 21 and stopping the powder from falling into the weighing device 18. Subsequently, the external control system controls the discharge valve 19 installed at the bottom inside the weighing device 18 to open, releasing the accurately weighed quantitative powder into the bottom inside the reaction vessel 2, completing one quantitative feeding.

[0039] It should be emphasized that the weighing device 18 is an electronic weighing sensor or a strain gauge weighing module, and its range and accuracy are selected according to the actual feeding requirements.

[0040] The discharge valve 19 can be a pneumatic butterfly valve or an electric gate valve, and the specific type is selected according to the characteristics of the powder.

[0041] The vision camera 8 is an industrial-grade camera equipped with a light source to ensure clear image acquisition in the dusty environment inside the reactor 2. The image processing algorithm built into the external control system uses conventional image processing techniques such as edge detection and threshold segmentation, which are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0042] In summary, the external control system adopts an industrial programmable logic controller (PLC) or an industrial computer, and the model can be selected according to the actual control requirements. The external control system is electrically or signal-connected to the pneumatic feeding device 5, servo motor 4, pneumatic injector 9, lifting hydraulic cylinder 3, hydraulic rod 31, vision camera 8, and weighing device 18 to realize the full-process automated control and data acquisition.

[0043] Working Principle: Initially, the storage device 10 contains multi-component solid powder to be added. The pneumatic feeding device 5 is activated, simultaneously drawing out the powder from the upper and lower layers of the storage device 10 through two inclined pipes 6. Since both inclined pipes 6 have oblique guide surfaces at their connection points to the manifold 7, and these oblique guide surfaces are staggered, the two powder streams converge in a non-opposing direction upon entering the manifold 7, effectively preventing bridging and accumulation at the junction due to abrupt changes in flow direction. After the two powder streams converge in the manifold 7, they are fed into the reactor 2 through the feeding pipe 11. If the amount of powder being conveyed decreases or the negative pressure resistance increases during this process, the pneumatic injector 9 installed inside one end of the manifold 7 injects compressed gas into the manifold 7, assisting in the smooth forward conveying of the converged powder to the pneumatic feeding device 5, and subsequently, continuous conveying to the reactor 2 via the feeding pipe 11.

[0044] After the powder enters the reactor 2 through the feeding pipe 11, it falls into the guide hopper 17 and slides down the conical inner wall of the conical cutting table 16. During this process, the servo motor 4 starts, and its output drives the drive gear 14 to rotate. The drive gear 14 engages with the retaining ring teeth 22 on the outer surface of the retaining ring shell 15, driving the retaining ring shell 15 to rotate inside the ring frame seat 12. Multiple rolling universal balls are provided between the retaining ring shell 15 and the ring frame seat 12 to ensure that the retaining ring shell 15 rotates smoothly and with low frictional resistance. When the retaining ring shell 15 rotates, the inclined arm 13 rotates synchronously through the support rod 23. The inclined arm 13 is connected to the connecting shaft through the connecting seat 26 and the U-shaped frame 27, thereby driving the multiple slitting discs 25 inside the rectangular frame 24 to roll along the conical inner wall of the conical cutting table 16.

[0045] When powder containing clumps flows through the gap between the conical cutting table 16 and the slitting disc 25, the rotating slitting disc 25 and the fixed conical cutting table 16 create a shearing and grinding action, fully breaking down and dispersing the clumps of varying sizes in the powder caused by moisture or electrostatic adsorption. Simultaneously, the hydraulic rod 31, fixedly installed above the inside of the inclined arm 13, is activated. Its telescopic end pushes the slider 32, which in turn moves the inclined rod 30 and the fixed rod 33. This causes the V-shaped clip 34 at the lower end of the fixed rod 33 to extend into the gap between two adjacent slitting discs 25, scraping away any residual powder stuck in the gap. This ensures that the slitting disc 25 maintains a good slitting effect and prevents gap blockage from affecting normal operation.

[0046] After being broken down, the loose powder flows downward through the guide hopper 17 into the discharge pipe 21 and falls into the weighing device 18, which is connected to the lower end of the discharge pipe 21. The weighing device 18 weighs the powder falling into it in real time. When the weight of the powder detected by the weighing device 18 reaches the preset feeding threshold, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 3 is activated, and its telescopic end drives the blocker 29 to move downward. The outer diameter of the blocker 29 is adapted to the inner diameter of the discharge pipe 21, and two sets of sealing rings 28 are axially spaced on the outside of the blocker 29. During the downward movement of the blocker 29, the two sets of sealing rings 28 form a sliding seal with the inner wall of the discharge pipe 21, reliably sealing the discharge pipe 21 and stopping the powder from falling into the weighing device 18. Subsequently, the discharge valve 19 installed at the bottom of the weighing device 18 opens, releasing the accurately weighed quantitative powder into the lower part of the reactor 2, completing one quantitative feeding process. Throughout the entire feeding process, the vision camera 8, symmetrically installed at the top of the reactor 2, remains operational. The vision camera 8 collects real-time images of the powder accumulation status in the guide hopper 17 and the area of ​​the cutting disc 25. When the vision camera 8 detects abnormal powder accumulation, ineffective agglomeration, or signs of blockage in the area of ​​the cutting disc 25, it promptly feeds back the image signal to the external control system. Based on this, the external control system dynamically adjusts the injection parameters of the pneumatic injector 9 and the rotation speed of the servo motor 4 to achieve adaptive control, ensuring continuous, stable, and precise operation of the feeding process.

[0047] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. An automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powder in a reaction vessel based on visual feedback, comprising a base (1), a reaction vessel (2), a pneumatic feeding device (5), and a storage device (10), characterized in that, The reactor (2), pneumatic feeding device (5) and storage device (10) are respectively fixedly installed above the base (1). The pneumatic feeding device (5) is connected to the inside of the storage device (10) through a double-pass suction mechanism to pneumatically suck up the powder. The pneumatic feeding device (5) transports the sucked powder to the inside of the reactor (2) through the feeding pipe (11). A ring frame seat (12) is provided above the inside of the reactor (2). The ring frame seat (12) is connected to multiple agglomeration mechanisms through a rotating mechanism below the inside. A guide hopper (17) is fixedly installed above the inside of the reactor (2). A conical cutting table (16) is fixedly installed above the inside of the guide hopper (17). Each of the multiple cluster-breaking mechanisms includes an inclined arm (13), a rectangular frame (24), and a splitting disc (25). Multiple splitting discs (25) are provided, and a connecting shaft is inserted and rotated inside the multiple splitting discs (25). The connecting shaft is installed inside the rectangular frame (24). One end of the inclined arm (13) is sleeved with the upper end of the connecting shaft. The end of the inclined arm (13) away from the connecting shaft is connected to one side of the rotating mechanism. The multiple splitting discs (25) roll and cooperate along the conical inner wall of the conical cutting platform (16) to split the clusters during rotation.

2. The automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powder in a reaction vessel based on visual feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-channel material extraction mechanism includes two inclined pipes (6), which are located at the upper and lower ends of the material storage device (10) respectively. One end of the two inclined pipes (6) is connected to a manifold (7). The ends of the two inclined pipes (6) connected to the manifold (7) are provided with oblique guide surfaces. The oblique guide surfaces of the two inclined pipes (6) are arranged in a staggered manner to avoid the two streams of powder colliding and forming a bridge at the confluence point during pneumatic material extraction. This prevents the bridging effect during pneumatic material extraction. One end of the manifold (7) is equipped with a pneumatic ejector (9). The end of the manifold (7) away from the pneumatic ejector (9) is connected to the inside of the pneumatic feeding device (5).

3. The automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powder in a reaction vessel based on visual feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism includes a retaining ring shell (15), on the outer surface of the retaining ring shell (15) there are retaining ring teeth (22) installed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. The upper end of the retaining ring shell (15) is rotatably clamped inside the ring frame seat (12). Multiple rolling universal balls are installed inside the two sides of the ring frame seat (12) that are in contact with the retaining ring shell (15). The multiple rolling universal balls are in rolling contact with the inner and outer walls of the retaining ring shell (15). A servo motor (4) is fixedly installed above one side of the reactor (2). The output end of the servo motor (4) extends into the reactor (2), and a drive tooth (14) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the output end of the servo motor (4). The drive tooth (14) meshes with the multiple retaining ring teeth (22).

4. The automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powder in a reaction vessel based on visual feedback according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the retaining ring housing (15) and the corresponding inclined arm (13) are both vertically installed with support rods (23). The upper end of the inclined arm (13) is fixedly connected to the support rod (23). The support rod (23) is connected to a connecting seat (26) through a U-shaped frame (27) on the outside. The connecting seat (26) is fixedly sleeved with the outside of the connecting shaft.

5. The automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powder in a reaction vessel based on visual feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that, A hydraulic rod (31) is fixedly installed inside the upper part of the inclined arm (13), and a gap-breaking component is provided at the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod (31).

6. The automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powder in a reaction vessel based on visual feedback according to claim 5, characterized in that, The gap-breaking component includes a slider (32), the upper end of which is connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod (31). An inclined rod (30) is fixedly installed inside the slider (32). A fixing rod (33) is fixedly installed at the gap of the two adjacent cutting discs (25) on the outside of the inclined rod (30). A V-shaped card (34) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixing rod (33).

7. The automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powder in a reaction vessel based on visual feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that, A lifting hydraulic cylinder (3) is fixedly installed above the reactor (2) and in the middle. A blocker (29) is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (3). A feeding pipe (21) is connected to the lower part of the guide hopper (17). The blocker (29) moves up and down inside the feeding pipe (21) to control the conveying of powder.

8. The automatic quantitative feeding device for multi-component solid powder in a reaction vessel based on visual feedback according to claim 7, characterized in that, A vision camera (8) is symmetrically installed on the upper end of the reactor (2). Support blocks (20) are symmetrically installed on both sides inside the reactor (2) and below the feed hopper (17). A weighing device (18) is installed between the two support blocks (20). A discharge valve (19) is installed inside the weighing device (18). The weighing device (18) is connected to the lower end of the feed pipe (21). Two sets of sealing rings (28) are symmetrically fitted on the outside of the blocker (29). The outer diameter of the blocker (29) is adapted to the inner diameter of the feed pipe (21). The two sets of sealing rings (28) are fitted axially along the blocker (29) to form a sliding seal with the inner wall of the feed pipe (21) when the blocker (29) is raised or lowered.

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