Building solid waste coarse and fine crushing and screening integrated machine

Abstract

The application discloses a building solid waste coarse and fine crushing and screening integrated machine, and belongs to the technical field of building solid waste treatment. The shell is internally provided with a fine crushing part, and a screening part is arranged below the fine crushing part. A coarse crushing part is arranged above the fine crushing part, and a feeding hopper is arranged at the top of the coarse crushing part. The coarse crushing part comprises a movable crushing hammer which can move transversely and reciprocally, fixed anvils are arranged on the two sides of the movable crushing hammer, the movable crushing hammer and the fixed anvils are provided with crushing teeth, and the crushing teeth of the movable crushing hammer and the fixed anvils can be engaged with each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of construction solid waste treatment technology, specifically relating to an integrated machine for coarse and fine crushing and screening of construction solid waste. Background Technology

[0002] The statements herein provide only background information in relation to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] During the construction, expansion, renovation, demolition, and decoration of buildings in urban and rural areas, especially during demolition and decoration, a large amount of construction solid waste is generated. Before treatment, the construction solid waste is only simply crushed by excavators, resulting in particles of varying sizes and diameters. Therefore, after being transported to the treatment plant, the construction solid waste is usually first coarsely crushed using a jaw crusher. The jaw crusher coarsely crushes large pieces of construction waste (such as beams, columns, and floor slabs) into medium-sized blocks. Then, fine crushing equipment (such as impact crushers, cone crushers, or toothed roller crushers) further crushes the coarsely crushed construction solid waste into building aggregates that meet the requirements, which are then screened by a screening machine to separate the qualified building aggregates.

[0004] Once the form of construction solid waste treatment equipment is fixed, the particle size of the product is fixed, that is, the proportion of various building aggregates processed is fixed. When demand changes, because the proportion of aggregates is fixed, some of the produced building aggregates cannot be used temporarily, resulting in unsold products or product accumulation.

[0005] Because the construction solid waste treatment process involves a lot of equipment, in addition to the crushing and screening equipment mentioned above, it also involves material handling, transportation and loading between construction solid waste treatment equipment rooms. In addition, the loading, unloading and transportation of construction solid waste are carried out many times, so the construction solid waste treatment process is relatively complicated.

[0006] Once the structure and crushing method of many fine crushing equipment are determined, and the source of construction solid waste is determined, the products produced are usually of a fixed pattern, that is, the proportion of various aggregate products is basically fixed; however, a fixed proportion of aggregate products cannot meet the needs of a changing market.

[0007] In addition, the crushing force of existing toothed roll crushers is relatively fixed, which can affect their crushing efficiency and product quality when the material is hard.

[0008] Therefore, there is a need for a type of equipment that can meet the requirements of coarse and fine crushing, and whose coarse and fine crushing can be adjusted; that is, construction solid waste treatment equipment can adjust the production ratio of various aggregates according to market needs and produce aggregates of the specifications required by the market. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste. This device can adjust the particle size of coarse crushing of construction solid waste, and at the same time, it can also adjust the particle size of fine crushing of construction solid waste, thereby producing aggregates with particle sizes required by the market.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste, comprising a housing, a fine crushing section disposed within the housing, a screening section disposed below the fine crushing section, a coarse crushing section disposed above the fine crushing section, and a feed hopper disposed at the top of the coarse crushing section; the coarse crushing section includes a movable crushing hammer that can move laterally back and forth, fixed anvils disposed on both sides of the movable crushing hammer, both sides of the movable crushing hammer having crushing teeth, and the fixed anvils also having crushing teeth, the crushing teeth of the movable crushing hammer and the fixed anvils being able to mesh with each other.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the mobile breaker includes a breaker plate, and breaker teeth are fixedly arranged on the side of the breaker plate.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the movable breaker is arranged horizontally, the breaker teeth are arranged horizontally, and the ends of the breaker teeth have tooth tips.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the fixed anvil and the movable breaker are provided with breaking teeth on opposite sides, and the ends of the breaking teeth are provided with tooth tips; the breaking teeth of the movable breaker and the fixed anvil are staggered.

[0014] As a further technical solution, a grid filter plate is provided below the mobile breaker where it connects with the fine crushing section.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the feed hopper includes a hopper body, and the hopper body is equipped with a grid-type coarse filter.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the fine crushing section includes a power toothed roller system and a driven toothed roller system, the power toothed roller system being connected to a tooth gap adjustment mechanism; both the power toothed roller system and the driven toothed roller system are provided with crushing teeth, and the crushing teeth of the two are meshed in the axial direction.

[0017] As a further technical solution, a sliding housing is provided at the end of the power toothed roller system, the tooth backlash adjustment mechanism includes a channel, the sliding housing is placed in the channel, and the sliding housing is connected to the reciprocating movement mechanism.

[0018] As a further technical solution, a crushing comb plate is provided below the driving toothed roller system and the driven toothed roller system. The crushing comb plate is in the shape of a Y and has tooth-shaped structures on both sides that mesh with the crushing teeth of the driving toothed roller system and the driven toothed roller system, respectively.

[0019] As a further technical solution, the screening section includes an inclined screening box with a support column at the bottom; multiple discharge conveyors are provided at the output end of the screening box, and an aggregate bin is provided at the discharge end of the discharge conveyors; multiple layers of screens are provided inside the screening box, each screen having a different mesh size, and a vibration mechanism is also provided inside the screening box.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention relates to an integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste. The mobile crusher is driven by a double reciprocating hydraulic cylinder, and coarse crushing of construction solid waste is achieved through the interaction between the mobile crusher and the fixed anvil. The mobile crusher and the fixed anvil are equipped with corresponding crushing teeth, which work together to crush the material. The size of the crushed particles can be controlled by changing the crushing teeth to different sizes or by controlling the distance between the mobile crusher and the fixed anvil. The machine allows for easy replacement of the crushing teeth and corresponding mounting plates. The mobile hydraulic hammer is highly efficient, powerful, and energy-concentrated, with strong adaptability, capable of crushing construction solid waste and shearing metal materials (when shearing teeth are used).

[0021] The integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste of the present invention can adjust the particle size of coarse crushing of construction solid waste, and at the same time, it can also adjust the particle size of fine crushing of construction solid waste, thereby producing aggregates with particle sizes required by the market.

[0022] The integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste of the present invention uses the moving crushing hammer and fixed anvil of the coarse crushing section to perform preliminary coarse crushing of the material, and then the fine crushing section to further fine crush the material. The cooperation between coarse and fine crushing makes the particle size of the material meet market requirements, and the degree of crushing is high, thus improving the crushing efficiency.

[0023] The integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste of this invention adopts a double-toothed roller crusher with controllable center distance in the fine crushing section. The double-toothed roller crusher can achieve remote control of the center distance between the two toothed rollers; the machine uses a hydraulic servo actuator to directly drive the driven toothed roller, and the movement distance of the driven toothed roller is directly fed back to the hydraulic servo actuator through a position sensor until the center of the two toothed rollers reaches the required value, at which point the operation stops, thus realizing remote automatic control of the center distance between the toothed rollers.

[0024] This invention relates to an integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste. The fine crushing section has a dual function of crushing and grading. Different crushing tooth shapes, tooth pitches, and spiral arrangements can be arranged on the toothed rollers, with the two rollers moving relative to each other like a rotating screen. This screens out small particles, crushing only large pieces. This avoids repeated crushing of materials entering the crusher.

[0025] The coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste of the present invention has a crushing comb plate in the fine crushing section. When the material moves at high speed under the action of double toothed rollers and hits the crushing comb plate, it is crushed again. On the other hand, the shape of the crushing comb plate is highly matched with the gap between the two teeth of the toothed roller, so the material clamped between the two teeth can be easily cleaned away by the crushing comb plate, which achieves the purpose of cleaning the toothed roller.

[0026] The integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste of the present invention adopts a one-to-four screening mode, that is, the aggregate entering the screening machine is screened into four specifications of construction aggregate in one go.

[0027] The integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste of this invention combines the processes of coarse crushing, fine crushing, and screening of construction solid waste into a single unit. This results in a small machine size, minimal footprint, and comprehensive functionality, achieving mechanization and efficiency. Furthermore, the machine can be transported by vehicles, making it flexible and easy to relocate. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a rear view of the integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the toothed roller gap adjustment mechanism of the integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the coarse crushing section of the integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 6a This is a schematic diagram of the crushing teeth of the fixed anvil on the right side of the integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 6b This is a schematic diagram of the right fixed anvil of the coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 7a This is a schematic diagram of the left fixed anvil of the coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 7bThis is a schematic diagram of the crushing teeth of the fixed anvil on the left side of the integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the mobile crushing hammer of the integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 9a This is a front view of the crushing teeth of the coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 9b This is a side view of the crushing teeth of the coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 9c This is a cross-sectional view of the crushing teeth of the coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fine crushing section of the coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 11a This is a front view of the crushing comb plate of the coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 11b This is a top view of the crushing comb plate of the coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 11c This is an enlarged view of the crushing comb plate of the coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 12a This is a schematic diagram of the moving toothed roller of the fine crushing section of the coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 12b This is a schematic diagram of the toothed plate of the moving toothed roller of the fine crushing section of the integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 12c This is a side view of the moving toothed roller of the fine crushing section of the coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the tooth gap adjustment mechanism of the coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the synchronous belt mechanism of the integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the screening section of the integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. In the picture: 1-Feed hopper, 2-Coarse crushing section, 3-Fine crushing section, 4-Screening section, 5-Shell; 11-Hopper body, 12-Coarse filter; 21-Mobile breaker hammer, 22-Mobile connecting rod, 23-Fixed anvil, 24-Hydraulic cylinder fixing body, 25-Double-acting hydraulic cylinder, 26-Guide fixing rod, 27-Guide fixing nut, 28-Grid filter plate; 31-Driven toothed roller system, 32-Driven toothed roller system, 33-Crushing comb plate, 34-Synchronous belt mechanism, 35-Tooth gap adjustment mechanism; 41-Screening box, 42-First support column, 43-Vibration mechanism, 44-Second support column, 45-Discharge conveyor, 46-Conveyor support frame, 47-Aggregate bin; 2101-Left breaker hammer plate, 2102-Fixing bolt, 2103-Nut, 2104-Shaft fixing nut, 2105-Right breaker hammer plate, 2106-Moving convex tooth plate, 2107-Moving concave tooth plate, 2108-Breaking tooth; 2301-Fixing convex tooth plate, 2302-Crushing tooth, 2303-Tooth plate fixing bolt, 2304-Fixing anvil, 2305-Fixing concave tooth plate; 3101-Pulley, 3102-End cover, 3103-Fixing nut, 3104-Bearing, 3105-Housing, 3106-Sealing ring, 3107-Moving toothed roller, 3108-Shaft, 3109-Coupling, 3110-Coupling, 3111-Gearbox, 3112-Hydraulic motor; 3201-Driven pulley, 3202-Shaft, 3203-Sliding positioning plate, 3204-Driven toothed roller, 3205-Sliding housing; 3401-Idler wheel, 3402-Idler wheel shaft, 3403-Tensioning structure, 3404-Screw, 3405-Plate, 3406-Spring, 3407-Nut, 3408-Double-sided synchronous toothed belt; 3501-channel, 3502-connecting ear plate, 3503-hydraulic servo actuator, 3504-connecting plate, 3505-fixing bolt, 3506-fixing toothed plate, 3507-position sensor; 4101-First layer screen, 4102-Second layer screen, 4103-Third layer screen, 4104-Bottom plate, 4201-Spring, 4202-Support, 4301-Hydraulic motor, 4302-Hydraulic motor base, 4303-Pulley assembly, 4304-Vibrator, 4401-Support base, 4402-Spring; 31071-tooth plate, 31072-tooth roller housing, 31073-key; 310711-tooth plate body, 310712-fixing bolt, 310713-tooth tip, 310714-screw hole.

[0030] The distances or dimensions between parts have been exaggerated to show their positions; the diagram is for illustrative purposes only. Detailed Implementation

[0031] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0032] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, unless otherwise expressly indicated by the invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof. For ease of description, the words "up," "down," "left," and "right" appearing in this invention only indicate that they are consistent with the up, down, left, and right directions of the accompanying drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. They are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0033] Terminology Explanation: In this invention, terms such as “installation,” “connection,” “linking,” and “fixing” should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, a coarse and fine crushing and screening integrated machine for construction solid waste is proposed, which consists of a feeding hopper 1, a coarse crushing section 2, a fine crushing section 3, a screening section 4, a shell 5, a hydraulic power station, and a control unit (the hydraulic power station and control unit are not shown in the figure). All parts are installed in the mechanically enclosed shell 5. The coarse crushing section 2 is located at the top of the shell 5, the feeding hopper 1 is placed at the top of the coarse crushing section 2, and the fine crushing section 3 and the screening section 4 are placed inside the shell 5, with the fine crushing section 3 located at the bottom of the coarse crushing section 2 and the screening section 4 located below the fine crushing section 3.

[0035] The housing 5 is a frame-type steel structure, and all processing and control machinery of the integrated machine is installed inside the housing 5. The integrated machine can be hoisted as a whole and transported by vehicle to the processing site, or it can be used as a fixed equipment in conjunction with a fixed building solid waste treatment station.

[0036] Among them, combined Figure 1 , Figure 2 The feed hopper 1 consists of a steel hopper body 11 and a grid-type coarse filter 12. The feed hopper has a structure with a large opening at the top and a small opening at the bottom. The feed hopper 1 is the inlet of the integrated machine, and the construction solid waste to be processed enters the processing machine through the feed hopper 1. The coarse filter 12 is placed horizontally inside the hopper body 11 of the feed hopper 1. After the construction solid waste to be processed enters the feed hopper 1, the grid-type coarse filter 12 first removes large pieces of waste wood and other materials from the construction solid waste.

[0037] Among them, combined Figure 1 , Figure 2 The coarse crushing section 2 is located at the bottom of the feed hopper 1, and the top of the coarse crushing section 2 has an opening that connects to the bottom outlet of the feed hopper 1, so that construction solid waste can enter the coarse crushing section 2. Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the coarse crushing section 2 mainly consists of a movable breaker 21, a movable connecting rod 22, a fixed anvil 23, a cylinder fixing body 24, a double-acting cylinder 25, a guide fixing rod 26, a guide fixing nut 27, and a grid filter plate 28. The double-acting cylinder 25 is fixed by the cylinder fixing body 24, and the cylinder fixing body 24 is positioned with the housing 5 by a boss and fixed by bolts. The movable breaker 21 is connected to the double-acting cylinder 25 through the movable connecting rod 22. Fixed anvils 23 are provided on both sides of the movable breaker 21, and the fixed anvils 23 are also connected to the movable connecting rod 22. Specifically, the fixed anvil 23 is a fixing component, and a hole is provided in the center of the fixed anvil 23. The movable connecting rod 22 passes through the hole in the center of the fixed anvil 23.

[0038] like Figure 8 As shown, the movable breaker 21 is composed of a left breaker plate 2101 and a right breaker plate 2105, which are assembled by bolts 2102. The ends of the bolts 2102 are fastened by nuts 2103. The two breaker plates are attached to each other and fixed by bolts. Both breaker plates are connected and fixed to the movable connecting rod 22 by shaft fixing nuts 2104.

[0039] The movable breaker 21 is equipped with a movable convex tooth plate 2106 and a movable concave tooth plate 2107. Each movable convex tooth plate 2106 and movable concave tooth plate 2107 is equipped with a breaking tooth 2108, and the breaking tooth 2108 is fixed to the movable convex tooth plate 2106 and movable concave tooth plate 2107 by bolts. Specifically, one of the breaker plates of the movable breaker 21 is fixed with the movable convex tooth plate 2106, and the other breaker plate is fixed with the movable concave tooth plate 2107. In this embodiment, the movable convex tooth plate 2106 is fixedly provided on the side opposite to the right breaker plate 2105 of the left breaker plate 2101, and the movable concave tooth plate 2107 is fixedly provided on the side opposite to the left breaker plate 2101 of the right breaker plate 2105. Both the movable convex tooth plate 2106 and the movable concave tooth plate 2107 are fixedly provided with multiple evenly spaced and staggered breaking teeth 2108, and the breaking teeth of the movable convex tooth plate 2106 and the movable concave tooth plate 2107 are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0040] The movable hydraulic breaker 21 is axially arranged laterally, and the breaking teeth 2108 are also axially arranged. For example... Figures 9a-9c As shown, the breaking tooth 2108 has a block structure and the end of the breaking tooth has a tooth tip.

[0041] The two fixed anvils 23 on the left and right sides of the mobile hydraulic breaker 21 are also equipped with toothed plates. The fixed anvil 2304 on the left side is fixed with a fixed concave toothed plate 2305, and the fixed anvil 2304 on the right side is fixed with a fixed convex toothed plate 2301. Both the fixed concave and convex toothed plates are fixed to the corresponding fixed anvils by toothed plate fixing bolts 2303. The surfaces of the fixed concave and convex toothed plates are also equipped with multiple evenly distributed and staggered breaking teeth 2302. The breaking teeth 2302 are arranged laterally, have a block structure, and have tooth tips.

[0042] The fixed anvil 23, the fixed toothed plate 2301, and the fixed toothed plate 2305 are all provided with holes through which the movable connecting rod 22 can pass, and holes for the guide fixing rod 26 to pass through are provided on both sides. The fixed anvil 23 and the guide fixing rod 26 are fixed to each other by threads.

[0043] When the movable breaker moves to engage with the fixed anvil, the breaking teeth 2108 installed on the movable convex tooth plate 2106 and movable concave tooth plate 2107 of the movable breaker 21 mesh with the breaking teeth 2302 on the fixed anvil 23, forming a breaking tooth assembly. Specifically, the breaking teeth of the movable convex tooth plate 2106 of the left breaker 2101 are staggered with the breaking teeth of the fixed concave tooth plate 2305 of the left fixed anvil 23, and the breaking teeth of the movable concave tooth plate 2107 of the right breaker 2105 are staggered with the breaking teeth of the fixed convex tooth plate 2301 of the right fixed anvil 23, so as to break up construction solid waste.

[0044] The movable breaker 21 has holes on both sides for the guide fixing rod 26 to pass through. The guide fixing rod 26 is arranged parallel to the movable connecting rod 22, and the movable breaker 21 can move laterally back and forth along the guide fixing rod. The end of the guide fixing rod 26 is fastened by the guide fixing nut 27. The coarse crushing section 2 is provided with a grid filter plate 28 at the place where it connects with the fine crushing section 3 below the movable breaker 21.

[0045] Construction solid waste enters the space enclosed by the moving crusher 21, fixed anvil 23, and grid filter plate 28 in the coarse crushing section 2 through the feed hopper 1 and the grid filter 12. Construction solid waste particles smaller than the pores of the grid filter plate 28 pass directly through the grid filter plate and fall into the fine crushing section 3. Large particles of construction solid waste material remain on the grid filter plate 28.

[0046] The coarse crushing section 2 is driven by a hydraulic system. The double-acting cylinder 25 drives the movable breaker 21 to move laterally and reciprocally through the movable connecting rod 22. The construction solid waste particles that remain on the grid filter plate 28 are subjected to the interaction between the movable breaker 21 and the fixed anvil 23. The construction solid waste particles are sandwiched between the movable breaker 21 and the fixed anvil 23 and are subjected to the impact of the reciprocating movement of the movable breaker 21. In addition, both the movable breaker 21 and the fixed anvil 23 are equipped with crushing teeth. Under the action of the impact force, the construction solid waste particles are crushed into finer particles and fall through the gaps in the grid filter plate 28.

[0047] During the crushing of construction solid waste in the coarse crushing section, the guide fixing rod 26 serves two purposes: firstly, it guides the movable breaker hammer 21 to ensure its direction of movement; secondly, it bears the crushing impact force between the movable breaker hammer 21 and the fixed anvil 23; and thirdly, it also fixes the fixed anvil 23.

[0048] The fine crushing section 3 consists of a driving toothed roller system 31, a driven toothed roller system 32, a crushing comb plate 33, a synchronous belt mechanism 34, and a tooth gap adjustment mechanism 35. The fine crushing section 3 is fixedly installed in the housing 5, corresponding to the lower part of the coarse crushing section 2. A grid filter plate 28 is installed between the coarse crushing section 2 and the fine crushing section 3, and the grid filter plate is located above the fine crushing section 3. The crushed construction solid waste particles enter the fine crushing section 3 through the grid filter plate.

[0049] The axes of both the driven toothed roller system 31 and the driven toothed roller system 32 are horizontally arranged, and they rotate in opposite directions. Both the driven toothed roller system 31 and the driven toothed roller system 32 have multiple sets of crushing teeth arranged axially, and the crushing teeth of the two systems are staggered and meshed in the axial direction.

[0050] A crushing comb plate 33 is provided below the midpoint of the line connecting the center points of the driving toothed roller system 31 and the driven toothed roller system 32, and the crushing comb plate 33 is positioned above the screening section 4.

[0051] The driven toothed roller system 31 is driven by a hydraulic motor 3112, while the driven toothed roller system 32 is driven by the driven toothed roller system 31 through a synchronous belt mechanism 34. The driven toothed roller system 31 and the driven toothed roller system 32 mesh with each other, and when construction waste enters the gap between the rollers, it is further crushed. During the fall of the crushed construction waste, the high-speed construction waste particles collide again with the crushing comb plate 33, further crushing the construction waste. The crushing comb plate 33 also acts as a comb; when construction waste particles are trapped in the crushing teeth of the driven toothed roller system 31 and the driven toothed roller system 32, the crushing comb plate 33 can remove debris from the gaps, thus acting as a comb.

[0052] Specifically, the power toothed roller system 31 consists of a pulley 3101, end cover 3102, fixing nut 3103, bearing 3104, housing 3105, sealing ring 3106, moving toothed roller 3107, shaft 3108, coupling 3109, coupling 3110, gearbox 3111, and hydraulic motor 3112. The moving toothed roller 3107 passes through the shaft 3108. One end of the shaft 3108 is fixedly connected to the pulley 3101, and the other end of the shaft 3108 is connected to the gearbox 3111 via coupling 3109 and coupling 3110. The gearbox 3111 is connected to the hydraulic motor 3112. Bearings 3104 are installed at both ends of the shaft 3108 where it connects to the housing 3105. The bearings 3104 are placed in the end cover 3102 and secured by the fixing nut 3103. A sealing ring 3106 is also provided between the end cap 3102 and the housing 3105.

[0053] Specifically, the driven toothed roller system 32 consists of a driven pulley 3201, a shaft 3202, a sliding positioning plate 3203, a driven toothed roller 3204, and a sliding housing 3205. The driven toothed roller 3204 passes through the shaft 3202, one end of which is connected to the driven pulley 3201, and the other end is connected to the backlash adjustment mechanism 35. The sliding positioning plate 3203 is provided at the connection between the shaft 3202 and the housing 3205, and the sliding housing 3205 is provided at the connection between the shaft 3202 and the backlash adjustment mechanism 35.

[0054] The moving toothed roller 3107 of the power toothed roller system 31 includes a toothed roller housing 31072 and a crushing tooth. The crushing tooth includes a toothed plate 31071. The middle part of the toothed roller housing 31072 is connected to the shaft 3108 by a key 31073. The toothed plate 31071 and the toothed roller housing 31072 are fixedly connected.

[0055] The toothed plate 31071 includes a toothed plate body 310711, and the outer side of the toothed plate body 310711 is fixedly connected to the tooth tip 310713 by a fixing bolt 310712.

[0056] The toothed plate body 310711 has an overall annular structure. A protrusion is provided on the inner side of the toothed plate body 310711, and a groove is provided on the outer side of the toothed roller housing 31072. The protrusion of the toothed plate body 310711 and the groove of the toothed roller housing 31072 are fitted with a clearance, serving to position the toothed plate body 310711 and the toothed roller housing 31072. Tooth tips 317013 are also provided on the outer side of the toothed plate body 310711, and the tooth tips 310713 are fixed to the toothed plate body 310711 by fixing bolts 310712. The toothed plate body 310711 is fixed to the toothed roller housing 31072 by bolts (not shown in the figure) through screw holes 310714. The toothed plate body 310711, fixed to the toothed roller housing 31072 by bolts, forms a toothed roller. The toothed roller can be adjusted by replacing the toothed plate body 310711 to adjust the relative position between the tooth tips, thereby controlling the size of the crushed particles.

[0057] The tooth tip 310713 has a curved structure with an arc and a pointed end. This design allows for greater pressure when the pointed end comes into contact with the crushed construction waste, making the waste easier to crush.

[0058] The driven toothed roller 3204 of the driven toothed roller system 32 and the driven toothed roller 3107 of the driven toothed roller system 31 have the same configuration but are arranged symmetrically. In the axial direction, the tooth tips of the driven toothed roller system 32 and the tooth roots of the driven toothed roller system 31 mesh with each other.

[0059] The driving toothed roller system 31 is connected to the synchronous belt mechanism 34. The synchronous belt mechanism consists of an idler pulley 3401, an idler pulley shaft 3402, a tensioning structure 3403, a lead screw 3404, a pad 3405, a spring 3406, a nut 3407, and a double-sided synchronous toothed belt 3408. The synchronous belt mechanism connects the pulley 3101 and the driven pulley 3201, and its main function is to ensure synchronization between the driving and driven toothed roller systems. The synchronous belt mechanism achieves tension by tightening the two idler pulleys 3401. The idler pulleys 3401 are fixed on the idler pulley shaft 3402, and the tension of the idler pulleys 3401 is achieved through the lead screw 3404 and the nut 3407.

[0060] Specifically, two idler pulleys 3401 are provided, spaced vertically apart. A double-sided synchronous toothed belt 3408 is wound around the pulley 3101 of the driving toothed roller system 31, the driven pulley 3201 of the driven toothed roller system 32, and the two idler pulleys 3401. The two idler pulleys 3401 are located on the side of the driven pulley 3201 away from the pulley 3101. Both idler wheels 3401 are fixed to idler wheel shafts 3402. A tensioning structure 3403 connects the two idler wheel shafts 3402. The tensioning structure 3403 is a plate-shaped structure, with a lead screw 3404 passing through its center. The lead screw 3404 is perpendicular to the tensioning structure 3403, and the connection end between the lead screw 3404 and the tensioning structure 3403 is fixed by a nut. A spring 3406 is fitted onto the other end of the lead screw 3404. One end of the spring 3406 is fixed to a nut 3407, which is connected to the lead screw 3404. The other end of the spring 3406 is connected to a pad 3405, which is fixedly installed. The pad 3405 can be welded to the housing 5. The nut 3407 can adjust the tension, while the spring 3406 ensures the tension, especially when encountering particularly hard construction waste, where the spring acts as a buffer to prevent jamming.

[0061] The tooth gap adjustment mechanism 35 includes a channel 3501, a connecting ear plate 3502, a hydraulic servo actuator 3503, a connecting plate 3504, a fixing bolt 3505, a fixing tooth plate 3506, a position sensor 3507, etc. The tooth gap adjustment mechanism 35 is set on the upper side of the driven tooth roller system 32. By adjusting the position of the driven tooth roller 32, the gap between the active tooth roller system 31 and the driven tooth roller system 32 is changed, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the size of the crushed particles.

[0062] Specifically, the channel 3501 is a transversely arranged channel-shaped structure, and the sliding housing 3205 can slide within the channel 3501. The side of the sliding housing 3205 is fixedly connected to the connecting ear plate 3502, which is connected to the reciprocating moving mechanism. In this embodiment, a hydraulic servo actuator 3503 is used, which is connected to the fixedly arranged connecting plate 3504. The hydraulic servo actuator 3503 can drive the sliding housing 3205 to move within the channel 3501, thereby changing the distance between the driving toothed roller system 31 and the driven toothed roller system 32. A fixed toothed plate 3506 is fixedly installed on the sliding housing 3205. The fixed toothed plate 3506 is fixed to the sliding housing 3205 by fixing bolts 3505. A position sensor 3507 is installed on the fixed toothed plate 3506 to monitor the position of the sliding housing 3205, thereby obtaining the distance between the two toothed rollers.

[0063] The adjustment steps of the tooth backlash adjustment mechanism 35 are as follows: When the control system adjusts the tooth backlash, the control system controls the hydraulic oil to enter the hydraulic servo actuator 3503. The hydraulic servo actuator 3503 moves by pulling the sliding housing 3205 along the channel 3501 through the connecting ear plate 3502, thereby adjusting the gap between the crushing teeth of the active toothed roller system 31 and the driven toothed roller system 32. While the sliding housing 3205 moves, it drives the fixed toothed plate 3506 to move. The movement of the fixed toothed plate 3506 drives the position sensor 3507 to rotate. The position sensor 3507 feeds back the position signal to the control unit at any time.

[0064] The crushing comb plate 33 is Y-shaped overall. The sides of the Y-shaped structure of the crushing comb plate 33 have multiple sequentially arranged tooth-shaped structures. The ends of the tooth-shaped structures mesh with the tips of the driving tooth roller system 31 and the driven tooth roller system 32, respectively. The tooth-shaped structures of the crushing comb plate 33 are respectively placed between two adjacent tips of the driving tooth roller system 31 and the driven tooth roller system 32.

[0065] As described above, in order to ensure the synchronization of the moving toothed roller and the driven toothed roller and to ensure crushing efficiency, the fine crushing section of the integrated machine of the present invention adopts a double-sided synchronous toothed belt to ensure the synchronization of the two toothed rollers and their opposite rotation; the system adopts a double idler wheel structure, and the tension of the toothed belt is achieved by a lead screw and a spring; in particular, when the center distance of the mechanical double gears is adjusted, the requirements can be met because the system uses spring tensioning.

[0066] In addition, the fine crushing section has a toothed plate outside the toothed roller housing, and the toothed plate is also equipped with tooth tips. The tooth tips can be easily replaced individually, and their height can be adjusted after wear. As long as the toothed plate is not damaged, the product particle size can be maintained by replacing the tooth tips.

[0067] The screening section 4 is located below the fine crushing section 3. The screening section 4 consists of a screening box 41, a first support column, a vibration mechanism 43, a second support column 44, a discharge conveyor 45, a discharge conveyor support frame 46, and an aggregate bin 47. The screening section 4 is the mechanical screening output part. The material that has been finely crushed by the fine crushing section 3 directly enters the screening box of the screening machine. The aggregate after screening is transported to the aggregate bin by the discharge conveyor 45. During the conveying process of the discharge conveyor, the aggregate passes through an air separator to remove wood chips and light materials, and passes through a magnetic separator to remove metal impurities (the air separator and magnetic separator are not shown in the figure).

[0068] The screening box 41 is an inclined box structure. A first support column 42 and a second support column 44 are installed at the bottom of the screening box 41 to support it; both the first and second support columns are vertically arranged. The lower end of the screening box 41 is the output end, and multiple discharge conveyors 45 are installed on the side of this end to output aggregates of different specifications. A conveyor support frame 46 is installed at the bottom of each discharge conveyor 45 to support it, and an aggregate bin 47 is installed at the discharge end of each discharge conveyor 45. A vibration mechanism 43 is also installed inside the screening box 41 to vibrate the material and achieve screening.

[0069] Specifically, the screening box 41 is equipped with multiple layers of screens. In this embodiment, a first layer of screen 4101, a second layer of screen 4102, and a third layer of screen 4103 are arranged parallel to each other from top to bottom, and a bottom plate 4104 is provided at the bottom of the screening box 41. The mesh size of each screen is different to separate materials of different specifications. The screens and the bottom plate are also inclined.

[0070] The first support column 42 includes a support 4202, and a spring 4201 is installed on the top of the support. The second support column 44 includes a support base 4401, and a spring 4402 is installed on the top of the support base 4401. The vibration excitation mechanism 43 includes a hydraulic motor 4301, the bottom of which is supported by a hydraulic motor base 4302. The hydraulic motor 4301 is connected to the vibrator 4304 through a pulley assembly 4303, driving the vibrator 4304 to move.

[0071] In addition, the main parameters of this integrated machine are all equipped with detection sensors (detection of the position of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder, i.e., the relative distance between the moving crushing bell and the fixed anvil, and detection of the center distance of the double toothed rollers). During operation, the integrated machine for coarse and fine crushing and screening of construction solid waste continuously detects various parameters and feeds the detected parameters back to the control unit. The PLC controller in the control unit then controls and adjusts the mechanical parameters (such as adjusting the size of the coarse and fine crushed product particles) to control the proportion of aggregate produced to meet market needs.

[0072] This invention relates to an integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste. The entire machine is driven by a hydraulic system, which has high anti-blocking performance. Hydraulic cylinders drive hydraulic hammers, providing high impact force; hydraulic motors drive fine crushing rollers, providing high torque to crush high-strength raw materials. Because the entire machine uses a hydraulic system, it can achieve smooth machine start-up. Furthermore, the hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors have overload protection functions; compared to electric motor drives, this avoids motor burnout and reduces the need for hydraulic couplings.

[0073] The processing flow of the integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste of the present invention is as follows: Construction waste is conveyed to the feed hopper 1 via a belt conveyor. After the coarse filter 12 removes wood, the construction waste enters the coarse crushing section 2. In the coarse crushing section 2, fine particles of construction waste pass directly through the grid filter plate 28 and fall into the fine crushing section 3. For large particles, the interaction between the moving crushing bell 21 and the fixed anvil 23 breaks them into smaller particles, which also fall from the grid filter plate 28 into the fine crushing section 3. The material falling into the fine crushing section 3 is crushed into fine particles by the combined action of the driven toothed roller system 31 and the driven toothed roller system 32. The fine particles are further crushed when they pass through the crushing comb plate 33 during their high-speed fall. After crushing, the fine particles directly enter the screening section 4 and are screened into aggregates of various specifications by the screening box 41. The aggregates of various specifications are then conveyed to the corresponding aggregate bins by the discharge conveyor (which is equipped with air separation and magnetic separation functions to remove light and metallic substances).

[0074] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste, characterized in that, The device includes a housing, within which a fine crushing section is provided, and a screening section is provided below the fine crushing section; a coarse crushing section is provided above the fine crushing section, and a feed hopper is provided at the top of the coarse crushing section; the coarse crushing section includes a movable crushing hammer that can move laterally back and forth, and fixed anvils are provided on both sides of the movable crushing hammer. Both sides of the movable crushing hammer are equipped with crushing teeth, and the fixed anvils are also equipped with crushing teeth. The crushing teeth of the movable crushing hammer and the fixed anvils can mesh with each other.

2. The integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile breaker includes a breaker plate, and breaker teeth are fixedly installed on the side of the breaker plate.

3. The integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The mobile breaker is arranged horizontally, and the breaker teeth are arranged horizontally with tooth tips at the ends.

4. The integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed anvil and the movable breaker are provided with breaking teeth on opposite sides, and the breaking teeth have sharp tips at their ends; the breaking teeth of the movable breaker and the fixed anvil are staggered.

5. The integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A grid filter plate is installed below the mobile breaker where it connects with the fine crushing section.

6. The integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The feed hopper includes a hopper body, and the hopper body is equipped with a grid-type coarse filter.

7. The integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fine crushing section includes a power toothed roller system and a driven toothed roller system, and the power toothed roller system is connected to a tooth gap adjustment mechanism; both the power toothed roller system and the driven toothed roller system are provided with crushing teeth, and the crushing teeth of the two are meshed in the axial direction.

8. The integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The end of the power toothed roller system is provided with a sliding housing, the tooth backlash adjustment mechanism includes a channel, the sliding housing is placed in the channel, and the sliding housing is connected to the reciprocating movement mechanism.

9. The integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste as described in claim 7, characterized in that, A crushing comb plate is provided below the driving toothed roller system and the driven toothed roller system. The crushing comb plate is Y-shaped, and the two sides of the crushing comb plate have tooth-shaped structures that mesh with the crushing teeth of the driving toothed roller system and the driven toothed roller system, respectively.

10. The integrated coarse and fine crushing and screening machine for construction solid waste as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The screening section includes an inclined screening box with a support column at the bottom; multiple discharge conveyors are provided at the output end of the screening box, and an aggregate bin is provided at the discharge end of the discharge conveyors; multiple layers of screens are provided inside the screening box, each with a different mesh size, and a vibration mechanism is also provided inside the screening box.

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