Device and method for improving pre-concentration efficiency of vanadium-titanium magnetite

Abstract

The application relates to the field of comprehensive utilization of vanadium-titanium magnetite, and particularly discloses a device and method for improving pre-concentration efficiency of ilmenite in vanadium-titanium magnetite. The device comprises: a sorting column body, an internal sorting chamber is formed in the sorting column body, the sorting chamber is sequentially provided with a grading section, a circular table and a separation section from top to bottom along a longitudinal direction, wherein the grading section is provided with a layer plate assembly, and is arranged to make light and heavy minerals in titanium-bearing ilmenite ore slurry stratify along the longitudinal direction under the action of an upward water flow; a feeding unit connected to the sorting column body and arranged to feed the titanium-bearing ilmenite ore slurry into the sorting column body; an upward water supply unit connected to the separation section and arranged to generate the upward water flow in the sorting column body; a discharge unit; and a control unit. The device and method can significantly improve the TiO2 grade and recovery rate of the pre-concentrated titanium rough concentrate, and lay a foundation for reducing the consumption and cost of the titanium concentrate floating titanium reagent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of comprehensive utilization of vanadium-titanium magnetite, specifically relating to an apparatus and method for improving the pre-enrichment efficiency of vanadium-titanium magnetite and ilmenite. Background Technology

[0002] The Panxi region is an important vanadium-titanium magnetite resource base in my country. Since the early 1980s, titanium resources have been recovered from iron ore tailings of vanadium-titanium magnetite. The process has undergone several innovations, evolving from spiral sluice gravity separation—flotation desulfurization—drying—electrostatic separation for titanium removal, to the currently widely used two-stage high-intensity magnetic separation—flotation desulfurization—flotation for titanium removal process. Currently, the titanium concentrate produced in this region accounts for about 80% of the total domestic titanium concentrate produced by my country's titanium industry. However, for low-titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite from olivine gabbro, the TFe content in the iron ore tailings is about 13%, and the TiO2 content is only about 4%. Using a pre-enrichment process with a vertical ring pulsed high-gradient magnetic separator and a spiral sluice, the TiO2 grade of the pre-enriched concentrate can only be increased to 11%~13%, and the TiO2 recovery rate is only 35%~40%. This results in an overall titanium resource recovery rate of only 20%~25% from iron ore tailings for this type of ore, far lower than other types of vanadium-titanium magnetite, and the consumption of flotation reagents and the production cost of titanium concentrate are significantly higher. The root cause of the above problems is that the main gangue minerals such as olivine and pyroxene in olivine gabbro type ore have similar specific gravities to ilmenite. Conventional strong magnetic separation and spiral sluice gravity separation are difficult to achieve effective separation of ilmenite and gangue minerals. Poor enrichment effect in the pre-enrichment stage is the key bottleneck restricting the improvement of subsequent flotation efficiency.

[0003] To address the challenge of recovering ilmenite from iron ore tailings of vanadium-titanium magnetite containing olivine or pyroxene, researchers have proposed corresponding improvement schemes. For example, Chinese patent CN112892854B discloses a method for recovering ilmenite from iron ore tailings of vanadium-titanium magnetite containing olivine or pyroxene. This method involves pre-treating the iron ore tailings through roughing, classification, strong magnetic concentrating, and concentration to obtain a gravity concentrate. The gravity concentrate is then subjected to one roughing and one cleaning cycle, and one to two scavenging gravity separation operations to obtain a gravity concentrate. This concentrate is fed into the grinding process without pre-classification. After grinding, the concentrate is classified by cyclone separation and screening. The oversize product with a particle size of 0.10~0.16mm is returned to be mixed with the gravity concentrate, forming a gravity separation-grinding cycle system. This method, through the closed-loop cycle of gravity separation and grinding, aims to pre-discard interfering minerals such as olivine and pyroxene, creating conditions for reducing consumption in flotation operations. However, this method has limited recovery efficiency for fine-grained ilmenite, and the closed-loop system increases the complexity of the process and operating costs.

[0004] Regarding pre-enrichment equipment, Chinese patent CN120662436A proposes a device and method for pre-enriching ilmenite from vanadium-titanium magnetite. This device includes a vertical cavity and an inclined cavity connected to the lower part of the vertical cavity. An inclined plate is installed in the inclined cavity, and a stirring component is installed in the vertical cavity. Low-density minerals are discharged from the tailings discharge section by the action of rising water, while high-density ilmenite is discharged from the bottom concentrate discharge pipe, thus achieving pre-enrichment of ilmenite. It has been reported that this type of gravity separation column can achieve a TiO2 enrichment ratio of up to 2.4 and a grade increase of approximately 21% in pre-enrichment tests of olivine gabbro-type ores. However, for low-titanium olivine gabbro tailings with a TiO2 grade of only about 4% and fine ilmenite particle size requiring high liberation, the pre-enrichment capacity of a single gravity separation column is still insufficient to meet the comprehensive requirements of subsequent flotation for feed grade and recovery rate.

[0005] In summary, existing pre-enrichment processes and equipment still have significant shortcomings in treating iron ore tailings from low-titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite ore from olivine gabbro: the pre-enriched concentrate has a low TiO2 grade and low recovery rate, resulting in the loss of a large amount of ilmenite in the tailings; furthermore, the large amount of material entering the flotation operation and the high consumption of flotation reagents severely restrict the economical and efficient recovery of titanium resources from this type of ore. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a device and method that can significantly improve the pre-enrichment efficiency of ilmenite from low-titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite ore from olivine gabbro, reduce the production cost of titanium concentrate, and is easily industrialized. This is of great practical significance for improving the comprehensive utilization rate of titanium resources in the large amount of low-titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite ore in the Panzhihua-Xichang region of my country. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an apparatus and method for improving the pre-enrichment efficiency of low-titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite ilmenite in olivine gabbro. This method can significantly improve the TiO2 grade and recovery rate of pre-enriched titanium concentrate, laying the foundation for reducing the consumption and cost of titanium flotation reagents for titanium concentrate.

[0007] To solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: According to one aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for improving the pre-enrichment efficiency of vanadium-titanium magnetite-ilmenite is provided, comprising: a sorting column having a sorting chamber formed therein, wherein the sorting chamber is arranged longitudinally from top to bottom as a grading section, a frustum, and a separation section, wherein the grading section is provided with a layer plate assembly configured to stratify light and heavy minerals in the ilmenite-bearing slurry longitudinally under the action of rising water flow, the flow area of ​​the frustum increasing or decreasing longitudinally from top to bottom, and the separation section is equipped with a stirring assembly configured to agitate the slurry to prevent mineral settling and clogging; and a feed ore... A unit, connected to the sorting column, is configured to feed ilmenite slurry into the sorting column; a rising water supply unit, connected to the separation section, is configured to generate rising water flow within the sorting column; a discharge unit includes an underflow discharge port located at the bottom of the separation section and an overflow discharge port located above the grading section; a control unit, connected to the sorting column, the feeding unit, the rising water supply unit, and the discharge unit, is configured to adjust at least one of the following operating parameters: rising water flow rate, stirring speed, feeding speed, and discharge speed.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a slurry collecting device is provided on the outer periphery of the upper end of the grading section, and the slurry collecting device is connected to the overflow discharge port; the separation section includes a cylindrical section and a conical section arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the longitudinal direction, and the underflow discharge port is located at the bottom of the conical section.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the layer assembly is composed of multiple layers of laterally extending layers stacked together, with gaps formed between adjacent layers for the passage of slurry, and the layer spacing of the layer assembly is 1~4mm.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the stirring assembly includes: a longitudinal stirring shaft; stirring impellers, which are alternately fixed in a cross shape along the longitudinal direction on the longitudinal stirring shaft; a transverse stirring shaft, one end of which is drivenly connected to the longitudinal stirring shaft; and a transverse stirring shaft motor, which is connected to the control unit and drivenly connected to the other end of the transverse stirring shaft; wherein the transverse stirring shaft motor drives the transverse stirring shaft, thereby causing the stirring impellers to rotate within the sorting column.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the rising water supply unit includes: rising water pipes, a plurality of rising water pipes being arranged circumferentially along the lower part of the separation section; and a rising water control pump connected to the control unit, configured to independently or centrally control the rising water flow rate through the rising water pipes.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for improving the pre-enrichment efficiency of vanadium-titanium magnetite ilmenite using the apparatus described in any one of the above claims is provided. The method includes the following steps: Classification: Classifying the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings to obtain coarse-grained separation raw material and fine-grained separation raw material, with the overflow from the classification being reused as circulating water; Coarse-grained magnetic separation: After slag removal and weak magnetic iron removal, the coarse-grained separation raw material is subjected to strong magnetic roughing and strong magnetic scavenging to obtain coarse-grained magnetic concentrate; Coarse-grained gravity separation: Classifying the coarse-grained magnetic concentrate, the classified sediment is slurried and fed into the apparatus for first separation to obtain a first heavy mineral product and a first light mineral product, the overflow from the classification is screened, the undersize product is incorporated into the fine-grained processing flow, and the oversize product is returned to the... The raw material is fed into the device after slurry preparation; fine magnetic separation: the fine-grained raw material is subjected to weak magnetic iron removal, followed by strong magnetic roughing and strong magnetic scavenging to obtain fine magnetic concentrate; fine gravity separation: the fine magnetic concentrate and the undersize product from the coarse gravity separation are combined and classified, and the classified sand is fed into the device for a second separation to obtain a second heavy mineral product and a second light mineral product. The overflow after classification is reused as circulating water; concentrate collection and middlings return treatment: the first heavy mineral product and the second heavy mineral product are screened separately, the undersize products are combined as pre-enriched titanium concentrate, and the oversize products are combined and returned to the grinding operation. After grinding, they re-enter the classification process; tailings merging treatment: the tailings generated in each separation step are merged as the final tailings.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in the classification process, the iron tailings are classified using a two-stage inclined plate system, with the overflow from the second-stage inclined plate used as recycled water; the coarse-grained separation raw material is the first-stage inclined plate sediment, and the fine-grained separation raw material is the second-stage inclined plate sediment.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in the coarse magnetic separation process, the primary inclined plate sand is first filtered by a high-frequency vibrating linear screen with a screen aperture of 1.0~1.5mm, and the product on the screen enters the grinding operation.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in the coarse-particle magnetic separation process, the magnetic field strength of the strong magnetic separation for coarse separation is 0.8~1.0T, and the magnetic field strength of the strong magnetic separation for sweep separation is 0.9~1.1T; in the fine-particle magnetic separation process, the magnetic field strength of the strong magnetic separation for coarse separation is 0.9~1.1T, and the magnetic field strength of the strong magnetic separation for sweep separation is 1.0~1.2T.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in the coarse-grain reseparation process, The grading process uses a hydrocyclone, the screening process uses a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen aperture size of 0.1~0.2mm, and the slurry preparation process involves adjusting the slurry concentration to 25%~45%.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first sorting and the second sorting adopt different operating parameters. The first sorting processes coarse-grained materials, with a plate spacing of 2-4 mm, a feed rate of 1.0-1.2 t / h, a water flow rate of 30-40 L / h, a stirring speed of 200-400 rad / min, and a discharge speed of 2-4 L / min. The second sorting processes fine-grained materials, with a plate spacing of 1-2 mm, a feed rate of 0.6-0.8 t / h, a water flow rate of 10-15 L / h, a stirring speed of 100-200 rad / min, and a discharge speed of 1-3 L / min.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings are the tailings of low-titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite from olivine gabbro after grinding, classification and weak magnetic separation, with a TiO2 content of 3.5%~4.5% and a TFe content of 12%~14%.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has at least one of the following advantages compared with the prior art: Specifically, it has the following advantages compared to existing technologies: 1. Significantly improve the TiO2 grade and recovery rate of pre-enriched concentrate: By using the device and method of this invention to process iron tailings from low-titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite from olivine gabbro, a pre-enriched titanium concentrate with a TiO2 grade of 22%~25% and a TiO2 recovery rate of 42%~46% can be obtained. 2. Significantly reduced flotation operation costs: The TiO2 grade of the pre-enriched titanium concentrate is increased from 11%~13% in conventional processes to 22%~25%, and the yield of the pre-enriched concentrate is about 7%~8%, which is only about 70% of the yield of conventional pre-enriched concentrate (about 10%~11%). That is, the amount of ore entering the flotation operation is reduced by about 30%. 3. Simplified process flow: The device of this invention replaces the multi-stage spiral chute gravity separation operation in the conventional process. One device can complete the coarse and fine particle separation tasks that are difficult to achieve with a single gravity separation device. The three-stage device separation replaces the original four-stage spiral chute gravity separation and one-stage strong magnetic separation, and eliminates the inclined plate thickening operation before ilmenite flotation, which greatly simplifies the pre-enrichment process of low titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite ilmenite in olivine gabbro. 4. High separation efficiency and strong adaptability: The device of this invention achieves efficient separation of ilmenite and gangue minerals through the synergistic effect of the grading section plate assembly, the frustum and the stirring assembly in the separation section, combined with the precise control of the rising water flow. The control unit enables the coordinated adjustment of the rising water flow, stirring speed, feeding speed and discharge speed, allowing the device to flexibly adjust the operating parameters according to changes in the properties of the raw materials, and has good process adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an apparatus for improving the pre-enrichment efficiency of vanadium-titanium magnetite and ilmenite according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a process flow diagram of a method for improving the pre-enrichment efficiency of vanadium-titanium magnetite and ilmenite according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a process flow diagram of a method for improving the pre-enrichment efficiency of vanadium-titanium magnetite and ilmenite according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the picture, 1. Cylindrical section; 2. First connecting screw; 3. Conical section; 4. Rising water pipe; 5. Rising water control pump; 6. Bottom discharge outlet; 7. Discharge control pump; 8. Lower discharge outlet control valve; 9. Frame; 10. Agitator impeller; 11. Longitudinal agitator shaft; 12. Longitudinal agitator shaft fixing device; 13. Right-angle transmission coupling; 14. Transverse agitator main shaft motor; 15. Transverse agitator main shaft; 16. Second connecting screw; 17. Frustum; 18. Third connecting screw; 19. Bottom layer structure; 20. Classification section; 21. Overflow discharge outlet; 22. Slurry collection device; 23. Top layer structure; 24. Feed pump; 25. Motor bracket; 26. Feed pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples and the accompanying drawings.

[0024] It should be understood that the embodiments of the invention shown in the exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this invention, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that various modifications are possible without substantially departing from the teachings of the invention. Accordingly, all such modifications should be included within the scope of the invention. Other substitutions, modifications, variations, and deletions can be made to the design, operating conditions, and parameters of the following exemplary embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0025] Figure 1An apparatus for improving the pre-enrichment efficiency of vanadium-titanium magnetite and ilmenite according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, hereinafter referred to as the apparatus, comprising: a sorting column, a feeding unit, a rising water supply unit, a discharge unit, and a control unit.

[0026] The sorting column is the main structure of the device, which is fixedly mounted on the frame 9. The frame 9 provides a stable support foundation for the entire device, ensuring that the sorting column remains vertically stable during operation and preventing vibration or displacement from affecting the sorting accuracy. The sorting column contains a sorting chamber, which, longitudinally from top to bottom, consists of a grading section 20, a frustum 17, and a separation section. The grading section 20 is equipped with a layering assembly, designed to separate light and heavy minerals in the ilmenite slurry longitudinally under the action of rising water flow. The flow area of ​​the frustum 17 increases or decreases longitudinally from top to bottom to achieve a smooth transition in slurry flow rate and avoid turbulent sorting caused by abrupt changes in flow area. The separation section is equipped with a stirring assembly to agitate the slurry and prevent mineral settling and clogging. The sorting column adopts a segmented structural design. The lower end of the cylindrical segment 1 and the upper end of the conical segment 3 are fixedly connected by a flange and a first connecting bolt 2. The upper end of the cylindrical segment 1 and the lower end of the frustum 17 are fixedly connected by a flange and a second connecting bolt 16. The upper end of the frustum 17 and the lower end of the grading segment 20 are fixedly connected by a flange and a third connecting bolt 18. The segments are connected by flanges and bolts, which facilitates the disassembly, transportation, installation, and maintenance of the device. The cross-sectional shape of the sorting column can be circular, square, or other geometric shapes. In the embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sections of the grading segment 20 and the separation segment are circular.

[0027] Preferably, the diameter of the grading segment 20, which has a circular cross-section, can be 90-130 cm, and the height can be 140-180 cm. The shelf assembly within the grading segment 20 can be composed of multiple layers of horizontally extending shelves stacked together. Each shelf has a circular cross-section, and the shelf assembly is 140-180 cm long. The lower end of the shelf assembly is supported by a crossbeam, and the upper end is fixed by a crossbeam. In one embodiment of the present invention, the grading segment 20 is provided with a shelf assembly consisting of a bottom shelf structure 19 and a top shelf structure 23 of the upper column. The bottom shelf structure 19 is located at the lower end of the shelf assembly and is supported by a crossbeam inside the upper column. The top shelf structure 23 is located at the upper end of the shelf assembly and is fixed by a crossbeam at the top of the upper column. The two-layer structure clamps and fixes multiple transversely extending layers within the classification section 20, ensuring the layer assembly remains structurally stable under the impact of rising water flow and slurry, preventing displacement or deformation. This ensures a uniform and stable flow field between the layers, providing a reliable separation space for longitudinal stratification of light and heavy minerals. Gaps for slurry passage are formed between adjacent layers, with a layer spacing of 1-4 mm. The main functions of the layer assembly include, but are not limited to: providing a larger effective settling area within a limited space, significantly improving the processing capacity of the device; allowing fine-grained ilmenite to reach the layer surface with a shorter settling distance, thus improving the recovery rate of fine-grained ilmenite; and creating a laminar flow between the layers, which facilitates stratification of fine-grained minerals by density, improving separation accuracy. The layers can be made of metal, plastic, fiberglass, or other suitable materials, and their surfaces can be smooth or have a certain degree of roughness to facilitate the sliding of mineral particles.

[0028] The truncated cone 17 is located below the grading section 20 and above the separation section. Its flow area increases longitudinally from top to bottom—that is, the diameter of the upper port is smaller than the diameter of the lower port, the height is 10~30cm, the diameter of the lower port is the same as the diameter of the cylindrical section 1 of the separation section, the diameter of the upper port is the same as the diameter of the grading section 20, and the angle between the cone surface and the horizontal direction is 50°~70°.

[0029] A stirring assembly is installed within the circular cross-section separation section to agitate the slurry, preventing excessive settling of heavy minerals at the bottom and clogging the equipment. Simultaneously, it keeps the slurry in a loose, suspended state within the separation section, promoting thorough separation of light and heavy minerals. The separation section comprises a cylindrical section 1 and a conical section 3 arranged longitudinally from top to bottom. The cylindrical section 1 has a circular cross-section with a diameter of 100-140 cm and a height of 100-140 cm. The conical section 3 is connected below the cylindrical section 1, with its upper end having the same diameter as the cylindrical section 1, preferably 100-140 cm; the angle between the conical surface and the horizontal direction is preferably 50°-70°. The constricted structure of the conical section 3 facilitates the collection of settled heavy minerals and guides them towards the underflow discharge port 6 for centralized discharge.

[0030] The feeding unit is connected to the sorting column and is configured to feed ilmenite slurry into the sorting column. Preferably, the feeding unit may include a feeding pipe 26 and a feeding pump 24. The feeding pipe 26 has a discharge end that extends into the interior of the sorting column, and it can be located on the side of the sorting column, preferably on the lower side wall of the grading section 20, with an inner diameter of 2-4 cm. The feeding pump 24 is fixedly installed via a motor bracket 25 and connected to a feeding control motor, used to continuously and stably pump the slurry into the interior of the sorting column. The feeding pump 24 is preferably a continuously variable frequency speed control pump, which can achieve precise adjustment of the feeding speed.

[0031] The rising water supply unit is connected to the separation section, preferably to the conical section 3, and is configured to generate rising water flow within the sorting column. The main functions of this rising water flow include, but are not limited to: carrying upwards the less dense gangue minerals and slime, allowing them to overflow from the top; hindering the upward movement of denser ilmenite, promoting its downward settling; and creating a laminar flow between the layers, which is beneficial for the stratification of fine-grained minerals according to density. Preferably, the rising water supply unit may include multiple rising water pipes 4 and a rising water control pump 5. The multiple rising water pipes 4 may be arranged uniformly or non-uniformly along the circumference of the conical section 3, and each rising water pipe 4 is connected to the rising water control pump 5. The rising water control pump 5 is connected to a control unit for independently or centrally controlling the rising water flow rate through the rising water pipes 4 to adapt to the water supply needs of different areas and achieve uniform distribution of the rising water flow across the cross-section of the sorting column. In an embodiment of the invention, the number of rising water pipes 4 is 8, evenly arranged along the circumference of the conical section 3, with a diameter of 1.5 cm. The rising water control pump 5 is preferably a continuously variable frequency pump.

[0032] The mixing assembly, installed within the separation section, includes a longitudinal mixing shaft 11, mixing impellers 10, a transverse mixing main shaft 15, and a transverse mixing main shaft motor 14. The longitudinal mixing shaft 11 extends longitudinally, its upper end connected to the transverse mixing main shaft 15 via a right-angle transmission coupling 13. The other end of the transverse mixing main shaft 15 is driven by the transverse mixing main shaft motor 14. The transverse mixing main shaft motor 14 is preferably a stepless frequency converter motor connected to a control unit. The mixing impellers 10 are alternately fixed to the longitudinal mixing shaft 11 in a cross shape. The cross-shaped structure of the mixing impellers 10 generates a more uniform flow field during rotation, which is beneficial for the dispersion and separation of the slurry. The transverse mixing main shaft motor 14 drives the transverse mixing main shaft 15, thereby converting the transverse rotational power into longitudinal rotational power through the right-angle transmission coupling 13, driving the mixing impellers 10 to rotate within the separation column. The main functions of the agitation assembly include, but are not limited to: dispersing the slurry, preventing slurry agglomeration and particle flocculation, and improving separation efficiency; promoting further dissociation of ilmenite particles attached to gangue; disrupting the channeling phenomenon of the rising water flow, making the water flow distribution more uniform across the cross-section of the separation column; and forming local turbulence at the bottom of the conical section to prevent underflow blockage. The shape of the agitator impeller 10 is not limited to a cross shape; it can also be a paddle, turbine, anchor, or other forms, as long as it can effectively agitate the slurry. In the embodiment of the present invention, the projected surface of the agitator impeller 10 is a cross shape, and it is made of steel bars with a diameter of 2.0 cm welded to the longitudinal agitator shaft 11, with each steel bar spaced 10 cm apart, and the distance between the end and the sidewall of the columnar section 1 and the conical section 3 is 3.0~5.0 cm. Furthermore, the longitudinal stirring shaft fixing device 12 is fixed to the symmetrical side of the cylindrical section 1, with a hole in the middle for fitting onto the longitudinal stirring shaft 11; the right-angle transmission coupling 13 includes two flanges respectively fixed at the end of the transverse stirring main shaft 15 and the end of the longitudinal stirring shaft 11. The flanges have four symmetrical holes with a diameter of 1.6cm. The corresponding holes of the two flanges are hinged with right-angle steel bars of equal length and a diameter of 1.5cm. The length of the two sides of the right-angle steel bars is greater than the distance between the farthest ends of the two flanges, and the diameter of the ends of the right-angle steel bars is ≥2cm.

[0033] The discharge unit includes an underflow discharge port 6 located at the bottom of the separation section and an overflow discharge port 21 located above the classification section 20. The underflow discharge port 6, with a diameter of 2.0-4.0 cm, is located at the bottom of the conical section 3 and is used to discharge heavy mineral products, such as ilmenite pre-enriched concentrate, that have settled to the bottom. The overflow discharge port 21 is used to discharge light mineral products carried by the rising water flow. Preferably, the discharge unit also includes a discharge control pump 7 and a lower discharge port control valve 8. The discharge control pump 7 is connected to the underflow discharge port 6 and is used to transport the underflow product to the next processing step. The discharge control pump 7 should be capable of transporting high-concentration slurries, such as heavy minerals with a mass concentration of 55%-85%, to accommodate the high concentration of the underflow product. The discharge control pump 7 is preferably a continuously variable frequency pump. One or more overflow discharge ports 21 can be provided and arranged at appropriate positions above the classification section 20 to ensure smooth overflow discharge. Furthermore, a slurry collection device 22 is provided on the upper outer periphery of the grading section 20. The slurry collection device 22 has a circular structure with a bandwidth of 8~12cm and a bottom surface with an inclination slope of 5°~10°. An overflow discharge port 21 is provided at the lowest end to guide the overflow tailings carried by the rising water flow to the overflow discharge port 21 for centralized discharge under the action of gravity, ensuring the smooth discharge of overflow products and avoiding the accumulation of slurry at the top of the device.

[0034] The control unit is connected to the sorting column, feeding unit, rising water supply unit, and discharge unit, and is configured to adjust at least one of the following operating parameters: rising water flow rate, stirring speed, feeding speed, and discharge speed. The control unit may include one or more continuously variable frequency speed control devices, installed on the rising water control pump 5, discharge control pump 7, feeding pump 24, or transverse stirring spindle motor 14, to achieve continuous and precise adjustment of each operating parameter. By adjusting the feeding speed, the processing capacity and feed concentration of the device can be controlled; by adjusting the rising water flow rate, the sorting density and overflow grade can be controlled; by adjusting the stirring speed, the slurry dispersion and flow field distribution can be controlled; and by adjusting the discharge speed, the underflow concentration and discharge volume can be controlled. The control unit can be an independent controller, an integrated control system, or a manually adjustable device.

[0035] Using the apparatus of this invention for separation, the ilmenite-containing slurry enters the separation column through the feeding unit. Under the combined force field of rising water flow, mechanical agitation, and plate settling, the denser ilmenite particles overcome the resistance of the rising water flow and settle to the bottom, exiting from the bottom discharge port 6. The less dense gangue minerals and slime are carried to the top by the rising water flow and exiting from the overflow discharge port 21. The agitation ensures uniform dispersion of the slurry and prevents particle agglomeration; the plate settling enhances the settling and recovery of fine-grained ilmenite; the gradually changing flow area design of the frustum 17 achieves a smooth transition of slurry flow rate from the classification section 20 to the columnar section 1, avoiding separation disorder caused by sudden changes in flow rate, thereby achieving efficient separation of ilmenite and gangue minerals.

[0036] The present invention also provides a method for improving the pre-enrichment efficiency of vanadium-titanium magnetite-ilmenite using the above-mentioned device, comprising the following steps: Grading process: The iron tailings from vanadium-titanium magnetite beneficiation are graded to obtain coarse-grained and fine-grained separation raw materials, and the overflow from the grading is reused as circulating water.

[0037] Preferably, in the classification process, the iron ore tailings are classified using a two-stage inclined plate system, with the overflow from the second-stage inclined plate used as recycled water. The raw material for coarse-grained classification is the underflow from the first-stage inclined plate, and the raw material for fine-grained classification is the underflow from the second-stage inclined plate. Inclined plate classification utilizes the difference in settling velocity of mineral particles on the inclined plate to achieve particle size classification. It has high classification efficiency and large processing capacity, effectively separating ilmenite of different particle sizes, providing a basis for subsequent use of differentiated classification parameters. The reuse of the overflow from the second-stage inclined plate as recycled water enables the recycling of water resources and reduces water consumption in production.

[0038] Coarse magnetic separation treatment: After the coarse-grained raw material is separated by slag removal and weak magnetic iron removal, it is subjected to strong magnetic roughing and strong magnetic scavenging to obtain coarse magnetic concentrate.

[0039] Preferably, in the coarse magnetic separation process, the primary inclined plate underflow is first screened by a high-frequency vibrating linear screen with a screen aperture of 1.0~1.5mm. The oversize product enters the grinding process, and the undersize product enters the weak magnetic iron removal process. The screening process aims to remove large gangue and impurities from the coarse material, preventing them from interfering with subsequent separation operations and protecting the equipment. The oversize product is returned to the grinding process to achieve sufficient individual liberation of the valuable minerals. The weak magnetic iron removal uses a permanent magnet drum magnetic separator with a magnetic field strength of 0.3~0.4T to remove strongly magnetic minerals (mainly ilmenite), preventing them from entering the subsequent ilmenite separation process and affecting the final concentrate quality. The strong magnetic roughing and strong magnetic scavenging processes use a vertical ring pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator, which uses a high-gradient magnetic field to capture weakly magnetic ilmenite particles. The pulsating mechanism keeps the slurry in a loose state, preventing mechanical inclusion of non-magnetic gangue. In the coarse-grained magnetic separation process, the magnetic field strength of the high-intensity magnetic separation roughing is 0.8~1.0T, aiming to maximize the concentrate grade while ensuring recovery rate; the magnetic field strength of the high-intensity magnetic separation scavenging is 0.9~1.1T, used to recover ilmenite lost in the roughing tailings, thereby improving resource recovery rate. The roughing concentrate and scavenging concentrate are combined and fed into subsequent classification operations, while the scavenging tailings are discharged as tailings 1.

[0040] Coarse Gravity Separation: The coarse magnetic concentrate is classified. The classified sand is fed into the device for the first separation after slurry preparation to obtain the first heavy mineral product and the first light mineral product. The overflow after classification is screened. The undersize product is incorporated into the fine particle processing flow, and the oversize product is returned to the device after slurry preparation.

[0041] Preferably, in the coarse-grained gravity separation process, hydrocyclones are used for classification, which utilize the principle of centrifugal sedimentation to separate mineral particles of different sizes and densities. The sediment (coarse-grained grade) after hydrocyclone classification is slurry-adjusted to a slurry concentration of 25%~45% and then fed into the device for the first separation. The reasonable slurry concentration ensures both the dispersion of minerals in the separation medium and the processing efficiency. The overflow (fine-grained grade) is classified by a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen aperture of 0.1~0.2mm. The undersize product (fine-grained ilmenite) is incorporated into the fine-grained processing flow, while the oversize product is returned to the slurry-adjusted device and fed back in, forming a closed-loop cycle to avoid the loss of valuable minerals. In the first separation process of the device, a configuration with a plate spacing of 2~4mm is adopted. The feed rate of 1.0~1.2t / h, the rising water volume of 30~40L / h, the stirring speed of 200~400rad / min, and the discharge rate of 2~4L / min are adjusted by the control unit to achieve efficient separation of coarse-grained ilmenite and gangue minerals under the action of a composite force field.

[0042] Fine-grained magnetic separation: After weak magnetic removal of iron from the fine-grained raw material, strong magnetic roughing and strong magnetic scavenging are carried out to obtain fine-grained magnetic concentrate.

[0043] The technical principle of fine-particle magnetic separation is similar to that of coarse-particle magnetic separation. However, due to the large specific surface area and high surface energy of fine-particle materials, fine-particle ilmenite is more susceptible to mechanical inclusions from non-magnetic fine mud during magnetic separation, thus requiring stronger magnetic capture. In fine-particle magnetic separation, the magnetic field strength for roughing is 0.9~1.1T, and the magnetic field strength for scavenging is 1.0~1.2T.

[0044] Fine-grained gravity separation: The fine-grained magnetic separation concentrate and the undersize product from the coarse-grained gravity separation are combined and then classified. The classified sand is fed into the device for a second separation to obtain the second heavy mineral product and the second light mineral product. The overflow after classification is reused as circulating water.

[0045] The fine-grained gravity separation process also employs hydrocyclones to classify the combined materials. The classified sediment is then fed into a secondary separation device, with the overflow being reused as circulating water. Due to their small particle size and slow settling velocity, fine-grained materials are more susceptible to interference from the rising water flow during gravity separation. Therefore, a smaller interlayer spacing (1-2 mm) is required to increase the contact area and collision probability between the slurry and the interlayer, promoting the stratification and separation of fine-grained ilmenite from gangue minerals. By adjusting parameters such as the feed rate (0.6-0.8 t / h), rising water flow (10-15 L / h), stirring speed (100-200 rad / min), and discharge rate (1-3 L / min) through the control unit, the fine-grained ilmenite can be effectively recovered.

[0046] Concentrate collection and middlings return processing: The primary and secondary mineral products are screened separately. The undersize products are combined as pre-enriched titanium concentrate, and the oversize products are combined and returned to the grinding operation. After grinding, they re-enter the classification process.

[0047] The screening process uses a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen aperture size of 0.1~0.2mm. The undersize product is the pre-enriched titanium concentrate with qualified particle size and high grade, while the oversize product is the intergrowth particles with moderate grade but coarser particle size. These particles are returned to the grinding operation for further grinding to fully liberate the ilmenite and gangue minerals before re-entering the separation process.

[0048] Tailings consolidation: The tailings generated from each sorting step are combined as the final tailings.

[0049] The tailings generated from each sorting step, including tailings from strong magnetic separation and light mineral products from the first and second sorting, are combined and discharged as the final tailings.

[0050] More preferably, the above method is a fully wet process, in which the water used in the sorting process is concentrated and then recycled, thereby achieving water conservation and environmental protection.

[0051] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the iron beneficiation tailings of vanadium-titanium magnetite are the tailings of low-titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite from olivine gabbro after grinding, classification and weak magnetic separation, with a TiO2 content of 3.5%~4.5% and a TFe content of 12%~14%.

[0052] The device and method for improving the pre-enrichment efficiency of vanadium-titanium magnetite and ilmenite provided by this invention are based on the following inventive concept: Taking advantage of the uneven particle size distribution of ilmenite in the iron ore tailings of low-titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite from olivine gabbro, the iron ore tailings are classified into two independent processing systems: a coarse-grained stage and a fine-grained stage. These stages are pre-enriched by weak magnetic iron removal, strong magnetic roughing, and strong magnetic scavenging, respectively, and then fed into the same device for gravity separation with different parameter configurations. Finally, the gravity concentrates from both systems are combined to form the pre-enriched titanium concentrate. Through this tightly coupled "classification-magnetic separation-gravity separation" technical chain, the advantages of this device in high-precision separation of fine-grained materials are fully utilized, while overcoming the shortcomings of low recovery rates and poor adaptability to fine-grained materials associated with single gravity separation or strong magnetic separation.

[0053] The following are specific embodiments of an apparatus and method for improving the pre-enrichment efficiency of vanadium-titanium magnetite and ilmenite according to the present invention.

[0054] Example A sample of a low-titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite from a certain olivine gabbro, after grinding and iron beneficiation, contained 12.80% TFe, 4.10% TiO2, 0.01% V2O5, 0.22% SiO2, 6.98% CaO, 14.87% MgO, 12.31% Al2O3, 0.59% S, 0.38% K2O, and 0.64% Na2O. Particles smaller than 0.074 mm accounted for 50.47% of the sample. The sample contained 5.82% ilmenite, 1.43% titanomagnetite, 1.15% pyroxene, 19.91% pyroxene, 23.08% labradorite, 8.87% amphibole, 36.09% olivine, 2.36% albite, and 0.91% potassium feldspar, with other minerals present in smaller quantities. The degree of liberation of the ilmenite monomer was 93.99%.

[0055] This embodiment has a processing capacity of 30 t / d, and the specific process flow is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0056] Hierarchical processing The iron tailings from vanadium-titanium magnetite beneficiation are classified to obtain coarse-grained and fine-grained separation raw materials, and the overflow from the classification is reused as circulating water.

[0057] Step 1, Inclined plate classification: The tailings of low-titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite from olivine gabbro after grinding, classification and weak magnetic separation are classified using two-stage inclined plate classification, and the overflow of the second-stage inclined plate is used as circulating water.

[0058] Coarse magnetic separation After the coarse-grained raw material is subjected to slag separation and weak magnetic iron removal, it is subjected to strong magnetic roughing and strong magnetic scavenging to obtain coarse magnetic concentrate.

[0059] Step 2, Primary Inclined Plate Sand Screening: In Step 1, the primary inclined plate sand is screened by a high-frequency vibrating linear screen with a screen size of 1.0~1.5mm. The undersize product enters Step 3, and the oversize product enters Step 11.

[0060] Step 3, Weak magnetic iron removal 1: The product under the screen from Step 2 enters a permanent magnet drum separator with a magnetic field strength of 0.3~0.4T to remove strongly magnetic minerals, and the tailings enter Step 4.

[0061] Step 4, pre-enrichment of ilmenite 1 by strong magnetic separation roughing: The iron removal tailings from Step 3 are pre-enriched with ilmenite using a vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator with a magnetic field strength of 0.8~1.0T. The magnetic separation tailings flow by gravity into Step 5, and the magnetic separation concentrate flows into Step 6.

[0062] Step 5, pre-enrichment of ilmenite 1 by strong magnetic separation: The tailings from the magnetic separation in Step 4 are pre-enriched with ilmenite using a vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator with a magnetic field strength of 0.9~1.1T. The tailings from the magnetic separation are referred to as tailings 1. The magnetic concentrate and the magnetic concentrate from Step 4 are combined and pumped into the operation of Step 6. Coarse Grain Reseparation The coarse magnetic separation concentrate is classified. The classified sand is then fed into the device for the first separation after slurry preparation to obtain the first heavy mineral product and the first light mineral product. The overflow after classification is screened. The undersize product is incorporated into the fine particle processing flow, while the oversize product is returned to the device after slurry preparation.

[0063] Step 6, Hydrocyclone Classification 1: The magnetic separation concentrate from Step 4 and Step 5 is divided into hydrocyclone underflow and hydrocyclone overflow. The hydrocyclone underflow flows by gravity into Step 8, and the hydrocyclone overflow flows by gravity into Step 7.

[0064] Step 7, High-frequency vibrating screen grading 1: The overflow of the hydrocyclone in step 6 is graded by a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen aperture size of 0.1~0.2mm. The product on the screen enters step 8, and the product under the screen is pumped into step 15.

[0065] Step 8, Adjusting the slurry concentration: The hydrocyclone sediment from Step 6 and the product from the high-frequency screen from Step 7 enter the mixing tank and water is added to adjust the slurry concentration to 25%~45%. Then, the slurry is pumped into Step 9.

[0066] Step 9, enriching ilmenite 1: using a device with a layer spacing of 2~4mm to separate the ore discharge from step 8, adjusting parameters such as the device feed rate of 1.0~1.2t / h, the rising water volume of 30~40L / h, the stirring speed of 200~400rad / min, and the discharge speed of 2~4L / min to obtain titanium concentrate 1 and tailings 2. Titanium concentrate 1 is fed into operation step 10.

[0067] Step 10, High-frequency vibrating screen classification 2: The titanium concentrate 1 from step 9 is classified again using a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen aperture size of 0.1~0.2mm. The product on the screen enters step 11, and the product under the screen enters the final concentrate.

[0068] Fine particle magnetic separation After weak magnetic iron removal, the fine-grained raw material is subjected to strong magnetic roughing and strong magnetic scavenging to obtain fine-grained magnetic concentrate.

[0069] Step 11, Grinding: The oversize products from Steps 2, 10 and 17 enter the grinding operation, and the grinding discharge flows into Step 2 operation by gravity.

[0070] Step 12, Weak magnetic iron removal 2: The secondary inclined plate sediment from Step 1 enters a permanent magnet drum separator with a magnetic field strength of 0.3~0.4T to remove strongly magnetic minerals, and the tailings enter Step 13.

[0071] Step 13, strong magnetic separation roughing and pre-enrichment of ilmenite 2: The iron removal tailings from Step 12 are pre-enriched with ilmenite using a vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator with a magnetic field strength of 0.9~1.1T. The magnetic separation tailings flow by gravity into Step 14, and the magnetic separation concentrate enters Step 15.

[0072] Step 14, pre-enrichment of ilmenite 2 by strong magnetic separation: The magnetic separation tailings from Step 13 are pre-enriched with ilmenite using a vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator with a magnetic field strength of 1.0~1.2T. The magnetic separation tailings are used as tailings 3. The magnetic separation concentrate and the magnetic separation concentrate from Step 13 are combined and pumped into Step 15.

[0073] Fine-grained gravity separation: The fine-grained magnetic separation concentrate and the undersize product from the coarse-grained gravity separation are combined and then classified. The classified sand is fed into the device for a second separation to obtain the second heavy mineral product and the second light mineral product. The overflow after classification is reused as circulating water.

[0074] Step 15, Hydrocyclone Classification 2: The high-frequency screened product from Step 7, the magnetic concentrate from Steps 13 and 14 are divided into hydrocyclone underflow and hydrocyclone overflow. The concentration of hydrocyclone underflow is controlled at 25%~45%. The hydrocyclone underflow is pumped into the operation of Step 16. The hydrocyclone overflow with extremely low concentration is used as circulating water.

[0075] Step 16, enriching ilmenite 2: using a device with a layer spacing of 1~2mm to separate the cyclone sediment from step 15, adjusting the device parameters such as feed rate of 0.6~0.8t / h, rising water volume of 10~15L / h, stirring speed of 100~200rad / min, and discharge speed of 1~3L / min to obtain titanium concentrate 2 and tailings 4.

[0076] Concentrate collection and middlings return processing The first and second mineral products are screened separately. The undersize products are combined as pre-enriched titanium concentrate, and the oversize products are combined and returned to the grinding operation. After grinding, they re-enter the classification process.

[0077] Step 17, High-frequency vibrating screen grading 3: The titanium concentrate 2 from step 16 is graded again using a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen aperture size of 0.1~0.2mm. The product on the screen enters step 11.

[0078] Tailings Consolidation and Treatment The tailings generated in each sorting step are combined as the final tailings.

[0079] The undersize products from steps 18, 10, and 17 are combined as the final titanium concentrate, and tailings 1, 2, 3, and 4 are combined as the final tailings.

[0080] The production results, such as product yield, obtained through the above operating steps are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Production Results of the Example

[0081] Comparative Example Using the same olivine gabbro low-titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite samples after grinding and iron beneficiation as in the previous example, the samples were subjected to conventional process equipment in the following order: inclined plate classification, coarse-grained slag separation, weak magnetic iron removal, strong magnetic roughing, strong magnetic concentrate spiral sluice gravity separation, gravity concentrate classification and coarse-grained grinding classification, grinding classification products were combined with fine-grained weak magnetic iron removal, two-stage strong magnetic separation (one roughing and one cleaning), and gravity concentrate fine-grained and fine-grained strong magnetic concentrate to obtain the final pre-enriched titanium concentrate. The product yield and other production results are shown in Table 2. Table 2 Production Results of Original Process Equipment

[0082] The research results show that, in the example, a sample of a low-titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite from olivine gabbro, after grinding and iron beneficiation, can obtain a pre-enriched titanium concentrate with a yield of 7.78%, containing 23.27% TiO2 and a TiO2 recovery rate of 44.16% using the device and method of this patent. Compared with the conventional process, the TiO2 recovery rate of the pre-enriched titanium concentrate is increased by 10.58 percentage points (31.51%), the amount of ore entering the flotation operation is reduced by about 30%, and the TiO2 grade of the feedstock is increased by 10.32 percentage points (79.69%). Furthermore, the three-stage separation device replaces the original four-stage spiral chute gravity separation and one-stage strong magnetic separation, and eliminates the inclined plate thickening operation before ilmenite flotation, greatly simplifying the separation process of this type of ore.

[0083] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope thereof should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0084] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention is limited to these examples; within the framework of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the embodiments of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for improving the pre-enrichment efficiency of vanadium-titanium magnetite and ilmenite, characterized in that, include: The sorting column has a sorting chamber inside. The sorting chamber is arranged longitudinally from top to bottom as a grading section (20), a frustum (17) and a separation section. The grading section (20) is equipped with a layer plate assembly, which is configured to separate light and heavy minerals in the ilmenite slurry longitudinally under the action of rising water flow. The flow area of ​​the frustum (17) increases or decreases longitudinally from top to bottom. The separation section is equipped with a stirring assembly, which is configured to stir the slurry to prevent mineral sedimentation and blockage. A feeding unit, connected to the sorting column, is configured to feed ilmenite-containing slurry into the sorting column. A rising water supply unit, connected to the separation section, is configured to generate a rising water flow within the sorting column. The ore discharge unit includes a bottom flow ore discharge port (6) located at the bottom of the separation section and an overflow ore discharge port (21) located above the grading section (20). The control unit is connected to the sorting column, the feeding unit, the rising water supply unit, and the discharge unit, and is configured to adjust at least one of the following operating parameters: rising water flow rate, stirring speed, feeding speed, and discharge speed.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, A slurry collection device (22) is provided on the outer periphery of the upper end of the grading section (20), and the slurry collection device (22) is connected to the overflow discharge port (21); The separation section includes a columnar section (1) and a conical section (3) arranged longitudinally from top to bottom, and the bottom discharge outlet (6) is located at the bottom of the conical section (3).

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The layer assembly is composed of multiple layers that extend laterally and are stacked together, with gaps formed between adjacent layers to allow slurry to pass through. The spacing between the layers in the layer assembly is 1 to 4 mm.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring assembly includes: Longitudinal stirring shaft (11); The stirring impeller (10) is fixed in a cross shape along the longitudinal direction on the longitudinal stirring main shaft (11); A transverse stirring main shaft (15) is connected at one end to the longitudinal stirring shaft (11) for transmission. A transverse stirring spindle motor (14) is connected to the control unit and is driven to the other end of the transverse stirring spindle (15); The transverse stirring main shaft motor (14) drives the transverse stirring main shaft (15), which in turn drives the stirring impeller (10) to rotate in the sorting column.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rising water supply unit includes: Rising water pipes (4), multiple rising water pipes (4) are arranged circumferentially along the lower part of the separation section; The rising water control pump (5) is connected to the control unit and is configured to independently or centrally control the rising water flow rate through the rising water pipe (4).

6. A method for improving the pre-enrichment efficiency of vanadium-titanium magnetite and ilmenite, characterized in that, The method, employing the apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, comprises the following steps: Grading process: The iron tailings from vanadium-titanium magnetite beneficiation are graded to obtain coarse-grained and fine-grained separation raw materials, and the overflow from the grading is reused as circulating water. Coarse magnetic separation treatment: After the coarse-grained raw material is subjected to slag separation and weak magnetic iron removal, it is subjected to strong magnetic roughing and strong magnetic scavenging to obtain coarse magnetic concentrate; Coarse Grain Separation Process: The coarse magnetic concentrate is classified, and the classified sand is fed into the device for the first separation after slurry preparation to obtain the first heavy mineral product and the first light mineral product. The overflow after classification is screened, and the undersize product is incorporated into the fine grain processing flow, while the oversize product is returned to the device after slurry preparation. Fine-grained magnetic separation: After weak magnetic iron removal, the fine-grained raw material is subjected to strong magnetic roughing and strong magnetic scavenging to obtain fine-grained magnetic concentrate. Fine-grained gravity separation: The fine-grained magnetic concentrate and the undersize product from the coarse-grained gravity separation are combined and classified. The classified sand is fed into the device for a second separation to obtain a second heavy mineral product and a second light mineral product. The overflow after classification is reused as circulating water. Concentrate collection and middlings return processing: The first and second heavy mineral products are screened separately. The undersize products are combined as pre-enriched titanium concentrate, and the oversize products are combined and returned to the grinding operation. After grinding, they re-enter the classification process. Tailings consolidation: The tailings generated from each sorting step are combined as the final tailings.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the aforementioned hierarchical processing The iron ore tailings are classified using a two-stage inclined plate system, with the overflow from the second-stage inclined plate used as recycled water. The coarse-grained separation raw material is primary inclined plate sedimentation, and the fine-grained separation raw material is secondary inclined plate sedimentation.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the coarse magnetic separation process, the first-stage inclined plate sand is first filtered by a high-frequency vibrating linear screen with a screen size of 1.0~1.5mm, and the product on the screen enters the grinding operation.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the coarse magnetic separation process, the magnetic field strength of the strong magnetic separation coarsening is 0.8~1.0T, and the magnetic field strength of the strong magnetic separation sweeping is 0.9~1.1T; In the fine-particle magnetic separation process, the magnetic field strength of the coarse magnetic separation is 0.9~1.1T, and the magnetic field strength of the scavenging magnetic separation is 1.0~1.2T.

10. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the coarse-grained gravity separation process The grading is performed using a hydrocyclone, and the screening is performed using a high-frequency vibrating screen with a screen aperture size of 0.1~0.2mm; The slurry preparation involves adjusting the slurry concentration to 25%~45%.

11. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first sorting and the second sorting use different operating parameters, wherein, The first sorting process for coarse-grained materials has a plate spacing of 2-4 mm, a feed rate of 1.0-1.2 t / h, a rising water flow of 30-40 L / h, a stirring speed of 200-400 rad / min, and a discharge speed of 2-4 L / min. The second sorting process for fine-grained materials has a plate spacing of 1-2 mm, a feed rate of 0.6-0.8 t / h, a water flow rate of 10-15 L / h, a stirring rate of 100-200 rad / min, and a discharge rate of 1-3 L / min.

12. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings are the tailings from low-titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite from olivine gabbro after grinding, classification, and weak magnetic separation. The TiO2 content is 3.5%~4.5%, and the TFe content is 12%~14%.

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