A multi-stage sand washing and recycling and sorting integrated system

Abstract

The present application aims to provide a multi-stage sand washing recycling and sorting integrated system, which can improve the sand washing efficiency and product sand quality, and reduce energy consumption and water consumption. The present application comprises: a vortex sand washing module for preliminary cleaning and vortex sorting of sand bodies; a cyclone grading module connected with the output end of the vortex sand washing module for overflow sand slurry cyclone screening; a vibrating screen box connected with the output end of the cyclone grading module for sand slurry dewatering; a distribution control module provided with the vortex sand washing module, the cyclone grading module and the vibrating screen box respectively, for independent closed-loop control of the associated mechanical components; and a central coordination module in communication connection with the distribution control modules, for issuing optimized set values to each distribution control module based on global optimization targets. The present application is applied to the technical field of sand and gravel washing and recycling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of sand and gravel washing and recycling, and in particular to a multi-stage integrated system for sand washing, recycling and sorting. Background Technology

[0002] Construction projects require large quantities of sand for concrete and building mortar. Due to large-scale development and construction, high-quality, clean, and washable river sand has been largely depleted. A large amount of construction sand is now made from sea sand, manufactured sand, and river sand with high impurity content. These types of sand share the common characteristics of high mud and other impurities, requiring washing and purification with fresh water before safe use.

[0003] For example, Chinese invention patent CN118925926A discloses a sand washing machine that relies solely on a rotating impeller for simple scooping and washing, lacking a forced vortex pre-sorting structure. This prevents online pre-sorting of coarse, medium, and fine sand, resulting in a mixture of coarse and fine sand, large quantities of subsequent graded material, and severe equipment wear. Fine sand recovery relies solely on gravity settling in a single settling tank, without multi-stage hydrocyclones of varying cone angles for precise grading. Furthermore, the lack of coordinated control between components forces operators to manually adjust impeller speed, pump frequency, vibration parameters, and valve opening based on experience. This leads to a delayed response to raw material fluctuations and water quality changes, hindering stable operation. Under manual adjustment conditions, coarse and medium sand are mixed, fine sand is severely lost, the finished sand has a high moisture content, and energy and water consumption are difficult to optimize. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a multi-stage integrated sand washing, recycling and sorting system that can improve sand washing efficiency and finished sand quality, and reduce energy consumption and water consumption.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: This invention includes a vortex sand washing module for preliminary cleaning and vortex separation of sand; a cyclone grading module connected to the output end of the vortex sand washing module for overflow slurry cyclone screening; a vibrating screen box connected to the output end of the cyclone grading module for slurry dewatering; a distributed control module respectively connected to the vortex sand washing module, the cyclone grading module and the vibrating screen box for independent closed-loop control of their associated mechanical components; and a central coordination module communicatively connected to multiple distributed control modules for issuing optimized setpoints to each distributed control module based on a global optimization objective.

[0006] Furthermore, the vortex sand washing module includes a washing seat, an impeller sand washing assembly fixedly connected to the washing seat for agitating the sand layer, and an overflow weir assembly disposed on the washing seat for controlling the overflow height. The output end of the overflow weir assembly is connected to the vortex grading module. At least four vortex generating devices are disposed inside the washing seat, and the output direction of each vortex generating device is tangent to the inner wall of the washing seat.

[0007] Furthermore, the overflow weir assembly includes a mounting bracket fixedly connected to the cleaning seat, a height adjustment device fixedly connected to the mounting bracket, and a sliding overflow groove hinged to the height adjustment device via a hinge rod. The two sides of the sliding overflow groove are slidably engaged with the cleaning seat, and the sliding overflow groove forms an output flow channel, which is located above the vortex grading module.

[0008] Furthermore, the cyclone classification module includes a first slurry tank connected to the output end of the vortex sand washing module, a first cyclone device connected to the first slurry tank via a primary slurry pump, a second slurry tank connected to the overflow end of the first cyclone device, and a second cyclone device connected to the second slurry tank via a secondary slurry pump; both the first cyclone device and the second cyclone device are located above the vibrating screen box.

[0009] Furthermore, the cone angle of the first swirling device is 25-35 degrees; the cone angle of the second swirling device is 5-15 degrees.

[0010] Furthermore, the output end of the first vortex device is provided with a first flow equalization plate, the angle between the first flow equalization plate and the horizontal plane being between 30 and 45 degrees; the output end of the second vortex device is provided with a second flow equalization plate, the angle between the second flow equalization plate and the horizontal plane being between 25 and 35 degrees.

[0011] Furthermore, the distributed control module includes a fuzzy PID control unit, a sensor interface unit, and an actuator interface unit. The fuzzy PID control unit obtains the operating status of the associated mechanical components through the sensor interface unit and outputs control commands to the associated mechanical components through the actuator interface unit to achieve independent closed-loop control of its associated mechanical components.

[0012] Furthermore, the central coordination module includes a multi-objective optimization unit and an online rule correction unit. The multi-objective optimization unit is used to calculate and issue optimization settings to each of the distributed control units based on the global optimization objective. The online rule correction unit is used to correct the fuzzy control rules in each of the distributed control modules online based on the operating data.

[0013] Furthermore, the sensor interface module includes at least one sensor interface for collecting slurry concentration, pressure, moisture or liquid level; the actuator interface module includes at least one actuator interface for controlling a frequency converter or regulating valve.

[0014] Furthermore, the multi-objective optimization unit adopts a fuzzy weighted method that takes into account the fineness modulus of the finished sand, mud content, water consumption per ton of sand, and total energy consumption for optimization decision-making; the online rule correction module updates the fuzzy rule library of each of the distributed control modules through a fuzzy clustering algorithm and limits the magnitude of each correction.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The cyclone classification module adopts a two-stage series structure of a first cyclone device and a second cyclone device. The first cyclone device is set with a larger cone angle for the separation of medium and fine sand, while the second cyclone device is set with a smaller cone angle to improve the recovery accuracy of ultrafine sand. With the precise closed-loop control of the slurry pump frequency by the distributed control module, the stable feed pressure required by the cyclone device is maintained. The system can achieve efficient and accurate classification of medium and fine sand and ultrafine sand, and significantly improve the fine sand recovery rate.

[0016] Through the distributed control module and the central coordination module, each distributed control module performs independent closed-loop control of the vortex sand washing module, the cyclone classification module and the vibrating screen box to ensure rapid response and accurate execution of local control. The central coordination module issues optimized setpoints to each distributed control module through the multi-objective optimization unit and dynamically adjusts the control strategies of each distributed control module based on actual operating data through the online rule correction unit.

[0017] Through a distributed execution and centralized optimization architecture, the system can automatically and collaboratively adjust the parameters of each stage according to the fluctuation of raw ore and changes in water quality. This effectively solves the problems of coarse and fine sand mixing, serious loss of fine sand, system adjustment lag, and high energy and water consumption in existing technologies, thereby improving sand washing efficiency and finished sand quality, as well as reducing energy and water consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the preferred structure of the multi-stage sand washing, recycling, and sorting integrated system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the preferred vortex sand washing module of the multi-stage sand washing, recycling and sorting integrated system of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overflow weir component of the preferred cyclone grading module of the multi-stage sand washing, recycling and sorting integrated system of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the preferred cyclone grading module of the multi-stage sand washing, recycling and sorting integrated system of the present invention; Figure 5This is a system block diagram of the preferred distributed control module of the multi-stage sand washing, recycling and sorting integrated system of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a system block diagram of the preferred central coordination module of the multi-stage sand washing, recycling, and sorting integrated system of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Vortex sand washing module; 11. Washing seat; 12. Impeller sand washing assembly; 13. Overflow weir assembly; 131. Mounting bracket; 132. Height adjustment device; 133. Hinge rod; 134. Sliding overflow channel; 135. Output flow channel; 14. Vortex generator;

[0024] 2. Cyclone Classification Module; 21. First Slurry Tank; 22. First Slurry Pump; 23. First Cyclone Device; 24. Second Slurry Tank; 25. Second Slurry Pump; 26. Second Cyclone Device; 27. First Flow Equalization Plate; 28. Second Flow Equalization Plate;

[0025] 3. Vibrating screen box. Detailed Implementation

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the present invention includes a vortex sand washing module 1 for preliminary cleaning and vortex separation of sand; a cyclone grading module 2 connected to the output end of the vortex sand washing module 1 for overflow slurry cyclone screening; a vibrating screen box 3 connected to the output end of the cyclone grading module 2 for slurry dewatering; a distributed control module, which is respectively set to the vortex sand washing module 1, the cyclone grading module 2 and the vibrating screen box 3, for independent closed-loop control of their associated mechanical components; and a central coordination module, which is communicatively connected to multiple distributed control modules, for issuing optimized setpoints to each distributed control module based on a global optimization objective.

[0027] Specifically, the vortex sand washing module 1 is used to receive the sand and water to be processed. The internal impeller sand washing component 12 agitates and mixes the sand and water. The impeller sand washing component 12 screens and throws out large sand and gravel particles, while the fine sand and gravel particles remain in the washing seat 11. The vortex generator 14 is used to form a forced rotating flow field in the washing seat 11 to achieve the initial separation of coarse sand and medium and fine sand. The separated medium and fine sand and water mixture is discharged through the overflow weir component 13 and enters the vortex classification module 2.

[0028] The cyclone grading module 2 receives the overflow slurry from the vortex sand washing module 1 and performs fine grading through two-stage cyclone devices connected in series to separate sand particles of different sizes. The graded sand-water mixture is then transported to the vibrating screen box 3 for dewatering to obtain finished sand.

[0029] The distributed control module collects the operating status of the associated mechanical components in real time and generates control commands through a fuzzy PID control algorithm to drive the actuators to achieve independent closed-loop stable operation of each link. The central coordination module collects the operating data of each distributed control module, calculates the global optimal setpoint based on a preset multi-objective optimization algorithm, and sends it to each distributed control module. At the same time, it corrects the fuzzy control rules of each distributed control module online according to the operating data to achieve coordinated optimization of the entire system.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the vortex sand washing module 1 includes a washing seat 11, an impeller sand washing assembly 12 fixedly connected to the washing seat 11 for agitating the sand layer, and an overflow weir assembly 13 disposed on the washing seat 11 for controlling the overflow height. The output end of the overflow weir assembly 13 is connected to the vortex grading module 2. At least four vortex generating devices 14 are disposed inside the washing seat 11, and the output direction of each vortex generating device 14 is tangent to the inner wall of the washing seat 11.

[0031] Specifically, the washing seat 11 constitutes the main cavity of the sand washing operation. The impeller sand washing assembly 12 includes an impeller driven by a motor, which is located in the middle of the washing seat 11 and is used to rotate and stir the sand-water mixture. The impeller is equipped with a perforated screen to screen out large sand particles and throw them out to the external large sand particle processing mechanism. The small sand particles remaining in the washing seat 11 are fully suspended under stirring. The vortex generating device 14 can be a tangential water inlet nozzle located on the side wall of the washing seat 11. By tangentially injecting high-pressure water or guiding the water flow direction, a forced vortex rotating around the central axis is formed in the washing seat 11. The vortex field causes the sand particles to be stratified according to particle size under the action of centrifugal force. Coarse particles move to the outer periphery and settle, while fine particles move with the rising water flow. The overflow weir assembly 13 is located on one side of the upper part of the washing seat 11. The overflow port height is adjustable and is used to control the thickness of the overflow layer and the overflow particle size limit. Adjusting the overflow weir height can change the sorted particle size.

[0032] Furthermore, based on the above principles, this structure can significantly reduce the coarse particle content entering the subsequent cyclone classification module 2, thereby reducing equipment wear and processing load.

[0033] In one specific implementation, the cleaning seat 11 can be a circular or square tank; the impeller sand washing assembly 12 can be an impeller with a diameter of 1200mm, and the rotation speed can be adjusted in the range of 6 to 12 r / min by a frequency converter; the vortex generating device 14 is a tangential water inlet nozzle located at the bottom of the cleaning seat 11 and tangential to the inner wall, and the water inlet flow is controlled by an electric regulating valve, with a designed tangential flow velocity of 1.2 to 1.8 m / s to form a stable rotating flow field.

[0034] like Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the overflow weir assembly 13 includes a mounting bracket 131 fixedly connected to the cleaning seat 11, a height adjustment device 132 fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 131, and a sliding overflow groove 134 hinged to the height adjustment device 132 via a hinge rod 133. The two sides of the sliding overflow groove 134 are slidably engaged with the cleaning seat 11, and the sliding overflow groove 134 forms an output flow channel 135, which is located above the vortex grading module 2.

[0035] Specifically, the height adjustment device 132 can be an electric push rod, a hydraulic cylinder, or a lead screw mechanism with a displacement sensor, used to receive commands from the distributed control module and drive its own extension and retraction. The sliding overflow trough 134 is connected to the output end of the height adjustment device 132 via a hinge rod 133, and its two sides slide in engagement with the slide rails or guide grooves on the inner wall of the cleaning seat 11. When the height adjustment device 132 is activated, the sliding overflow trough 134 can slide up and down along the inner wall of the cleaning seat 11, thereby changing the height of the overflow port relative to the liquid surface. The output flow channel 135 formed on the sliding overflow trough 134 guides the overflowed slurry to the receiving port of the vortex grading module 2 located below it. This structure achieves continuous and precise adjustment of the overflow height.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the cyclone grading module 2 includes a first slurry tank 21 connected to the output end of the vortex sand washing module 1, a first cyclone device 23 connected to the first slurry tank 21 via a primary slurry pump 22, a second slurry tank 24 connected to the overflow end of the first cyclone device 23, and a second cyclone device 26 connected to the second slurry tank 24 via a secondary slurry pump 25; the first cyclone device 23 and the second cyclone device 26 are both located above the vibrating screen box 3.

[0037] Specifically, the first slurry tank 21 is used to receive and temporarily store the overflow slurry from the vortex sand washing module 1. The first-stage slurry pump 22 pumps the slurry in the first slurry tank 21 to the first cyclone device 23. The first cyclone device 23 uses centrifugal force to perform preliminary classification of the slurry. The coarser medium and fine sand is discharged from its bottom outlet and falls directly or through the feed box into the front dewatering zone of the vibrating screen box 3. The slurry containing finer particles discharged from the overflow outlet of the first cyclone device 23 enters the second slurry tank 24. The second-stage slurry pump 25 pumps the slurry in the second slurry tank 24 to the second cyclone device 26. The second cyclone device 26 performs secondary fine classification. The ultrafine sand is recovered from its bottom outlet and falls into the rear dewatering zone of the vibrating screen box 3. The main discharge from the overflow outlet of the second cyclone device 26 is mud and water and extremely fine particles, which can be sent to an external wastewater treatment system.

[0038] By arranging the particles in series and considering their spatial relationship, a physical path for two-stage particle size separation is constructed, simplifying material transport and reducing intermediate transport equipment. Gravity can be used to allow the bottom sand to directly enter the screen box, simplifying the material transport path.

[0039] In one specific implementation, the first swirling device 2323 can be an FX350GXB type swirling device, and the second swirling device 2626 can be an FX150PUB type swirling device.

[0040] In this embodiment, the cone angle of the first swirling device 23 is 25-35 degrees; the cone angle of the second swirling device 26 is 5-15 degrees.

[0041] Specifically, a larger cone angle gives the internal flow field of the first cyclone device 23 a shorter residence time and a stronger concentration capacity, making it suitable for quickly separating relatively coarse medium and fine sand from the feed; while a smaller cone angle makes the internal flow field of the second cyclone device 26 more gentle, extends the particle residence time, and improves the separation accuracy, making it suitable for recovering finer ultrafine sand from the primary overflow.

[0042] Preferably, the cone angle of the first swirling device 23 is 30 degrees, and the cone angle of the second swirling device 26 is 10 degrees. By setting different cone angles, the two swirling devices complement each other in terms of physical structure, jointly covering a wide particle size classification range from tens of micrometers to about one millimeter.

[0043] In this embodiment, the output end of the first swirling device 23 is provided with a first flow equalization plate 27, the angle between the first flow equalization plate 27 and the horizontal plane is between 30 and 45 degrees; the output end of the second swirling device 26 is provided with a second flow equalization plate 28, the angle between the second flow equalization plate 28 and the horizontal plane is between 25 and 35 degrees.

[0044] Specifically, the first flow equalization plate 27 and the second flow equalization plate 28 are respectively installed below the underflow outlets of the first cyclone device 23 and the second cyclone device 26. They are used to diffuse and buffer the high-speed, jet-like sand-water mixture discharged from the underflow outlet of the cyclone, so that it is evenly and gently spread on the screen surface of the vibrating screen box 3 below. The first flow equalization plate 27 forms an angle of 30-45 degrees with the horizontal plane, which is suitable for processing medium and fine sand materials with large flow rates and particle sizes, so that they can obtain a suitable material drop speed and distribution width. The second flow equalization plate 28 forms an angle of 25-35 degrees with the horizontal plane, which is suitable for processing ultrafine sand materials with smaller flow rates and finer particle sizes, and helps to prevent material splashing and accumulation, ensuring uniform feeding in the dewatering screen rear zone.

[0045] The use of this flow equalization plate structure can optimize the material distribution effect on the screen surface, improve the dewatering efficiency of the dewatering screen and the service life of the screen.

[0046] like Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, the distributed control module includes a fuzzy PID control unit, a sensor interface unit, and an actuator interface unit. The fuzzy PID control unit obtains the operating status of the associated mechanical components through the sensor interface unit and outputs control commands to the associated mechanical components through the actuator interface unit to achieve independent closed-loop control of its associated mechanical components.

[0047] Specifically, the sensor interface unit is responsible for connecting and acquiring signals from various sensors, such as pressure transmitters, concentration meters, flow meters, level gauges, and moisture meters, and converting analog or digital signals into data that the controller can process; the actuator interface unit is responsible for converting control commands into drive signals and controlling the actions of actuators such as frequency converters, regulating valves, and electric push rods.

[0048] The fuzzy PID control unit is the core of the control system. Based on the error and rate of change between the set liquid level, pressure, concentration, and moisture and the actual values ​​fed back by the sensors, the fuzzy inference method is used to dynamically adjust the proportional, integral, and derivative parameters of the PID controller and calculate the control output.

[0049] Furthermore, the fuzzy PID algorithm is better suited to the multivariable and nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the sand washing process than the traditional PID algorithm, thus improving the stability and robustness of local control.

[0050] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the central coordination module includes a multi-objective optimization unit and an online rule correction unit. The multi-objective optimization unit is used to calculate and issue optimization setting values ​​to each of the distributed control units based on the global optimization objective. The online rule correction unit is used to correct the fuzzy control rules in each of the distributed control modules online based on the running data.

[0051] Specifically, the multi-objective optimization unit receives real-time impeller speed, overflow concentration, hydrocyclone pressure, screen moisture, and makeup water flow from various distributed control modules. Based on a preset optimization algorithm, such as fuzzy weighted method, it weighs multiple conflicting or coupled objectives, calculates the globally optimal or suboptimal combination of setpoints for each component under the current operating conditions, and sends these optimized setpoints to the corresponding distributed control modules.

[0052] The online rule correction unit continuously monitors the gap between the system's operating data and the optimization target. When it finds that the control effect is not good under certain operating conditions, it can use algorithms such as fuzzy clustering to perform small-scale online learning and updates on the fuzzy control rule base in the relevant distributed control module, so that the control strategy can adapt to changes in actual production conditions and improve the long-term stability and adaptability of the system.

[0053] In this embodiment, the sensor interface module includes at least one sensor interface for collecting slurry concentration, pressure, moisture or liquid level; the actuator interface module includes at least one actuator interface for controlling a frequency converter or regulating valve.

[0054] Specifically, the sensor interface module has multiple types of analog input channels, which can be connected to sensors such as ultrasonic concentration meters, pressure transmitters, microwave moisture meters, and ultrasonic level meters to comprehensively acquire the physical parameters of the process; the actuator interface module has analog output channels and digital output channels, which can output 4-20mA signals to control the frequency of the slurry pump inverter, the opening of the water supply regulating valve, and output switch signals to control the start and stop direction of the electric push rod, thereby achieving precise drive of the actuator.

[0055] Each distributed control module can be flexibly configured with the necessary sensing and actuation hardware according to the process stage it is responsible for. For example, the distributed control module controlling the cyclone classification module 2 can connect a pressure transmitter and a concentration meter to its sensor interface, while its actuator interface connects to the slurry pump frequency converter; the module controlling the vibrating screen box 3 has a sensor interface connected to a moisture meter and an actuator interface connected to the vibrating motor frequency converter. This modular interface design enhances the system's configurability and maintainability.

[0056] In this embodiment, the multi-objective optimization unit adopts a fuzzy weighted method that takes into account the fineness modulus of the finished sand, mud content, water consumption per ton of sand, and total energy consumption for optimization decision-making; the online rule correction module updates the fuzzy rule library of each of the distributed control modules through a fuzzy clustering algorithm and limits the magnitude of each correction.

[0057] Specifically, in the fuzzy weighted method, the system first quantifies the targets such as the fineness modulus deviation of finished sand, mud content, water consumption per ton of sand and total energy consumption into comparable indicators, and assigns a weight coefficient to each indicator.

[0058] The weighting coefficients can be dynamically adjusted according to different priorities in the production stage or fluctuations in the raw ore. The optimization algorithm searches within a feasible setpoint space to find the solution that optimizes the weighted comprehensive objective function, which is the optimization decision result. For online rule correction, fuzzy clustering algorithms are used to analyze a large amount of historical operating data to automatically summarize better control rules under different operating conditions, which are then used to replace or supplement some rules in the original rule base. To prevent rule mutations caused by individual abnormal data during the learning process, which could lead to system oscillations, the magnitude of each rule base correction is limited, with the change in rule confidence or output value not exceeding 15% for each adjustment, ensuring a smooth system transition.

[0059] In some optional implementations, the system may adopt a modular distributed control architecture, which divides the control function into four peripheral control modules: eddy current pre-sorting control module, two-stage vortex grading control module, zoned dewatering control module, and water quality circulation and replenishment control module, as well as a central coordination and optimization decision module.

[0060] Each edge module is equipped with an independent fuzzy PID controller, responsible for local fast closed-loop control; the central module is responsible for multi-objective optimization and online rule correction. This architecture facilitates step-by-step debugging, fault isolation, and functional expansion; the front and rear vibration zones of the vibrating screen box 3 can be flexibly connected by shear-type rubber springs. The front zone can use a lower frequency of 25Hz and a larger amplitude of 5.0mm, while the rear zone can use a higher frequency of 50Hz and a smaller amplitude of 1.5mm to achieve zoned variable amplitude dewatering, optimize the dewatering effect of sand of different particle sizes, and reduce energy consumption.

[0061] The specific type and driving method of the power sources such as the height adjustment device 132 of the overflow weir assembly 13, the slurry pump, and the excitation motor of the vibrating screen box 3 can be selected according to actual needs, such as electric or hydraulic, and are controlled by the corresponding distributed control module.

[0062] The vortex generator 14 inside the cleaning seat 11 can be guided to form a vortex, in addition to a tangential water inlet nozzle, by means of a spiral guide vane fixed to the cavity wall.

[0063] Working principle of the invention:

[0064] The muddy sand to be processed enters the cleaning seat 11 of the vortex sand washing module 1 along with water.

[0065] The impeller sand washing assembly 12 agitates the sand-water mixture and throws out large sand and gravel particles. At the same time, the tangentially injected water flow forms a forced vortex in the washing seat 11 through the vortex generator 14. Under the action of the centrifugal force of the vortex, coarse sand settles to the outer periphery and is picked up by the impeller assembly or discharged from the bottom, while medium and fine sand and even finer particles overflow from the adjustable overflow weir with the rising water flow.

[0066] Overflowing mortar enters the first slurry tank 21 of the cyclone classification module 2. After being pressurized by the primary slurry pump 22, it is sent to the first cyclone device 23 for coarse classification. The separated medium and fine sand underflow is spread onto the front area of ​​the vibrating screen box 3 via the first flow equalization plate 27. The overflow from the first cyclone device 23 enters the second slurry tank 24. After being pressurized by the secondary slurry pump 25, it is sent to the second cyclone device 26 with a smaller cone angle for fine classification. The recovered ultrafine sand underflow is spread onto the rear area of ​​the vibrating screen box 3 via the second flow equalization plate 28. The vibrating screen box 3 dewaters the medium and fine sand and ultrafine sand respectively to obtain finished sand. Throughout the process, the distributed control module monitors in real time and independently controls each mechanical component in a closed loop.

[0067] The central coordination module dynamically coordinates the setpoints of each distributed control module based on global sensor data and optimization objectives, and optimizes control rules online, ultimately achieving comprehensive optimization of sand washing efficiency, finished product quality, energy consumption, and water consumption.

[0068] Although the embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to actual solutions, they do not constitute a limitation on the meaning of the present invention. Modifications to the embodiments and combinations with other solutions based on this specification will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A multi-stage sand washing, recycling, and sorting integrated system, characterized in that, include: Vortex sand washing module (1) is used for preliminary cleaning and vortex separation of sand. The cyclone grading module (2) is connected to the output end of the vortex sand washing module (1) and is used for overflow mortar cyclone screening; The vibrating screen box (3) is connected to the output end of the cyclone grading module (2) and is used for mortar dewatering; A distributed control module is provided with the vortex sand washing module (1), the cyclone grading module (2) and the vibrating screen box (3) respectively, and is used to perform independent closed-loop control on their associated mechanical components; The central coordination module communicates with multiple distributed control modules and is used to send optimized setpoints to each distributed control module based on the global optimization objective.

2. The multi-stage sand washing, recycling, and sorting integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex sand washing module (1) includes a washing seat (11), an impeller sand washing assembly (12) fixedly connected to the washing seat (11) for stirring the sand layer, and an overflow weir assembly (13) set on the washing seat (11) for controlling the overflow height. The output end of the overflow weir assembly (13) is connected to the vortex grading module (2). At least four vortex generators (14) are provided inside the washing seat (11), and the output direction of each vortex generator (14) is tangent to the inner wall of the washing seat (11).

3. The multi-stage sand washing, recycling, and sorting integrated system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The overflow weir assembly (13) includes a mounting bracket (131) fixedly connected to the cleaning seat (11), a height adjustment device (132) fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (131), and a sliding overflow groove (134) hinged to the height adjustment device (132) via a hinge rod (133). The two sides of the sliding overflow groove (134) are slidably engaged with the cleaning seat (11), and the sliding overflow groove (134) forms an output flow channel (135), which is located above the vortex grading module (2).

4. The multi-stage sand washing, recycling, and sorting integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone grading module (2) includes a first slurry tank (21) connected to the output end of the vortex sand washing module (1), a first cyclone device (23) connected to the first slurry tank (21) via a first-stage slurry pump (22), a second slurry tank (24) connected to the overflow end of the first cyclone device (23), and a second cyclone device (26) connected to the second slurry tank (24) via a second-stage slurry pump (25); the first cyclone device (23) and the second cyclone device (26) are both located above the vibrating screen box (3).

5. The multi-stage sand washing, recycling, and sorting integrated system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cone angle of the first swirling device (23) is 25-35 degrees; the cone angle of the second swirling device (26) is 5-15 degrees.

6. The multi-stage sand washing, recycling, and sorting integrated system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first swirling device (23) has a first flow equalization plate (27) at its output end, and the angle between the first flow equalization plate (27) and the horizontal plane is between 30 and 45 degrees; the second swirling device (26) has a second flow equalization plate (28) at its output end, and the angle between the second flow equalization plate (28) and the horizontal plane is between 25 and 35 degrees.

7. The multi-stage sand washing, recycling, and sorting integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distributed control module includes a fuzzy PID control unit, a sensor interface unit, and an actuator interface unit. The fuzzy PID control unit obtains the operating status of the associated mechanical components through the sensor interface unit and outputs control commands to the associated mechanical components through the actuator interface unit to achieve independent closed-loop control of its associated mechanical components.

8. The multi-stage sand washing, recycling, and sorting integrated system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The central coordination module includes a multi-objective optimization unit and an online rule correction unit. The multi-objective optimization unit is used to calculate and issue optimization settings to each of the distributed control units based on the global optimization objective. The online rule correction unit is used to correct the fuzzy control rules in each of the distributed control modules online based on the operating data.

9. The multi-stage sand washing, recycling, and sorting integrated system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sensor interface module includes at least one sensor interface for collecting slurry concentration, pressure, moisture or liquid level; the actuator interface module includes at least one actuator interface for controlling frequency converter or regulating valve.

10. The multi-stage sand washing, recycling, and sorting integrated system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The multi-objective optimization unit adopts a fuzzy weighted method that takes into account the fineness modulus of finished sand, mud content, water consumption per ton of sand, and total energy consumption for optimization decision-making; the online rule correction module updates the fuzzy rule library of each of the distributed control modules through a fuzzy clustering algorithm and limits the magnitude of each correction.

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