An aero-engine blade journal working surface spraying clamp and spraying method

Abstract

The application discloses an aero-engine blade journal working surface spraying clamp and a spraying method. The spraying clamp comprises a bottom plate, a cover plate, a left side plate, a right side plate, a top plate, a lower baffle, an upper baffle, a left positioning block, a right positioning block, a handle, a supporting strip and a pressing strip. The bottom plate, the cover plate, the left side plate, the right side plate, the top plate, the lower baffle and the upper baffle form a closed spraying protection space, the supporting strip and the pressing strip form a positioning and mounting hole of the blade journal, the lower baffle and the upper baffle form a blade root positioning and shielding hole of a non-spraying area, and spraying can be performed by mounting the spraying clamp on a spraying device through the left positioning block, the right positioning block and the handle. The application adopts a multi-station array structure, improves single-time processing capacity, effectively improves high-temperature working condition adaptability through high-temperature stainless steel material, reduces comprehensive production cost, and the spraying clamp is high in operability and applicable to automatic processing. When automatic spraying is performed, the spraying clamp meets quick-change requirements, and one spraying clamp can be compatible with spraying of multiple blades.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to tooling and fixtures in the field of spraying, and specifically relates to a spraying fixture and spraying method for spraying lubricant onto the working surface of the journal of an aero-engine blade. Background Technology

[0002] When aero engines operate at high speeds, lubricant needs to be sprayed onto the journal working surfaces to reduce fretting wear on the blades and prevent high-temperature seizing that would prevent disassembly and maintenance. Currently, there are two main methods for protecting the non-coated surfaces during spraying: The first method involves using tape to protect the non-coating areas, which is then manually removed after coating is complete. This method suffers from low processing precision, low production efficiency, high cost, and poor high-temperature adaptability. For example, the tape may loosen and fall off during preheating of the parts before coating, resulting in excess coating on the non-coating areas during the coating process.

[0003] The second method involves using two clamping blocks for processing. The two clamping blocks are equipped with cavities to accommodate the blade root and part of the blade body. A box is then used to protect the remaining blade body, thus protecting the non-coated area before coating. This processing method is complex and inefficient. One clamp can only process one blade at a time, and one type of clamp can only process one type of blade.

[0004] Furthermore, the protection provided by the two processing methods mentioned above is only applicable to manual spraying and cannot be used in automated spraying production lines.

[0005] Based on the above problems, it is necessary to design a spraying fixture that can meet the requirements of precise control of coating size when spraying lubricant, increase the number of products processed at one time and the compatibility of processing various blades, reduce production costs, improve the high temperature adaptability and operability of the fixture and make it suitable for automated processing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to provide a spraying fixture and method for the working surface of aero-engine blade journals, which can meet the requirements of precise control of coating size during lubricant spraying, increase the number of blades processed at one time, reduce production costs, and solve the problem of poor high-temperature adaptability of the original processing method. Furthermore, it improves the operability of the spraying fixture and makes it suitable for automated processing. When performing automated spraying, it meets the quick-change requirement, enabling a single fixture to be compatible with the spraying of multiple blades, thereby improving spraying efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A spraying fixture for the working surface of an aero-engine blade journal includes: A base plate and a cover plate, wherein the base plate and the cover plate are spaced apart; The left and right side plates are located between the cover plate and the bottom plate, and are spaced apart, so that the bottom plate, cover plate, left and right side plates enclose a blade placement space that is open at the top and bottom but closed at the front, back, left and right, serving as a protection for the non-painted area (the non-painted area of ​​the blade is housed inside this space, and the painted area of ​​the blade journal extends out from the lower opening). The top plate is installed at the upper opening of the blade placement space, and the cover plate is flipped and connected to the top plate by a hinge. The lower baffle and the upper baffle are combined and installed at the lower opening of the blade placement space. The lower baffle is provided with multiple first half holes and the upper baffle is provided with multiple second half holes. The multiple first half holes and multiple second half holes are spliced ​​together one by one to form multiple blade root positioning and shielding holes. A left positioning block and a right positioning block, wherein the left positioning block is located outside the blade placement space and is installed on the surface of the left side plate, and the right positioning block is located outside the blade placement space and is installed on the surface of the right side plate. Positioning holes are provided on both the left and right positioning blocks, and the axial directions of the positioning holes on the left and right positioning blocks are parallel. A handle is located outside the blade placement space and installed on the surface of the top plate. The handle is U-shaped and has a through hole. A support bar is detachably installed in the blade placement space. The support bar has multiple journal mounting slots. One journal mounting slot and one blade root positioning and shielding hole cooperate to form a blade mounting position. A pressure strip is placed within the blade placement space and pressed against the end of the support strip that has a journal mounting groove.

[0008] As one solution: The cover plate is made of a ferromagnetic material; A magnet is fixedly installed on the inner side of the left or right side plate. The magnet is used to attract the cover plate made of ferromagnetic material, so that the space where the blades are placed remains closed.

[0009] As one solution: The left and right side plates are provided with support bar mounting grooves on their surfaces within the blade placement space. Both ends of the support strip are placed in the support strip mounting slot and connected to the left and right side plates by wing screws screwed in from the outside of the blade placement space. This design allows for quick installation and removal of the support strip from the outside of the spraying fixture.

[0010] As one possible solution: the bottom plate, top plate, left side plate, and right side plate are connected by screws.

[0011] As one solution: the left and right side plates are provided with baffle mounting grooves on their surfaces within the blade placement space, and the two ends of the lower baffle and the two ends of the upper baffle are respectively inserted into the baffle mounting grooves.

[0012] As one solution: the blade root positioning and shielding hole is a conical hole. The conical hole facilitates the guiding assembly of the blade root and improves the sealing and shielding effect of the non-coated areas.

[0013] As one possible solution: the base plate, cover plate, left side plate, right side plate, top plate, lower baffle, upper baffle, left positioning block, right positioning block, handle, support strip and pressure strip are all made of high temperature resistant stainless steel.

[0014] A method for spraying the working surface of an aero-engine blade journal, using the aforementioned spraying fixture, includes the following steps: Step 1: Flip the cover away from the base plate; Step 2: Select the corresponding support strip, pressure strip, lower baffle, and upper baffle according to the specifications of the blade to be sprayed. Make sure that the journal mounting groove on the support strip is adapted to the size of the journal on the non-sprayed side of the blade, the distance from the support strip to the lower baffle is adapted to the distance between the journal on the non-sprayed side of the blade and the blade root on the side to be sprayed, and the blade root positioning and shielding hole formed by the lower baffle and the upper baffle is adapted to the size of the blade root on the side to be sprayed. Install the lower baffle and support strip in the blade placement space respectively, and then place multiple blades one by one into the blade placement space and assemble them with the support strip and the lower baffle. Step 3: Install the pressure strip and upper baffle in the blade placement space, with the pressure strip pressing firmly against the support strip and the upper baffle pressing firmly against the lower baffle; Step 4: Flip the cover plate towards the base plate until it seals off the space where the blades are placed; Step 5: The robotic arm grabs the handle and sends the spraying fixture and the blade into the spraying equipment. The spraying fixture is positioned and locked on the spraying equipment by the left and right positioning blocks. Then, lubricant is sprayed only on the working surface of the blade journal exposed at the blade root positioning and shielding hole.

[0015] Currently, there are two main methods for protecting the non-sprayed area when applying a lubricant coating: One is to use tape to protect the non-sprayed area, but this method suffers from problems such as long protection and cleaning times, high tape costs, and poor high-temperature adaptability affecting processing accuracy. The second method uses specialized tooling, consisting of two clamping blocks and a housing. The clamping blocks have cavities for accommodating the blade root and part of the blade body, and the housing protects the remaining blade body, thus protecting the non-sprayed area. This method is complex to operate and has low processing efficiency; one clamp can only process one blade at a time, and one type of clamp can only process one type of blade, resulting in poor clamp compatibility. Both of these protective methods are only suitable for manual spraying and cannot meet the needs of automated spraying.

[0016] Compared with existing spraying protection methods, this invention designs a special spraying fixture for spraying lubricant onto the working surface of aero-engine blade journals. This spraying fixture has the following advantages: (1) High machining accuracy: After the blade is clamped, the blade root is tightly fitted with the upper and lower baffles, which can ensure that the spraying area is outside the fixture and the non-spraying area is inside the fixture. The blade root extends out of the shielding hole and the journal is exposed for spraying, and the blade body is fully enclosed.

[0017] (2) High spraying efficiency: The spraying fixture is easy to load and unload parts and has an array of multiple blades. A single spraying fixture can clamp multiple blades at the same time for simultaneous spraying. The spraying fixture is equipped with a handle to facilitate robot gripping. It can be used with the positioning holes on the positioning block to realize quick change of the spraying fixture, which improves production efficiency.

[0018] (3) Good component compatibility: One spraying fixture can be compatible with the production of multiple blades. Different support strips and pressure strips can be selected according to the blade size, reducing the problems caused by the large variety of spraying fixtures in production.

[0019] (4) Good high temperature adaptability: The spraying fixture is made of high temperature resistant stainless steel, with a stable structure and can be reused for a long time (the expected life of the spraying fixture is more than 5 years) and has low economic cost.

[0020] (5) Meets the requirement of precise control of coating size during lubricant spraying: Since the non-spraying area is protected, the spraying equipment will not be affected by the non-spraying area, thus facilitating the control of the lubricant thickness on the spraying surface by the spraying equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the aero-engine blade to be coated in this invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the spraying fixture of the present invention (the left side is a sectional view); Figure 3 This is a top view of the spraying fixture of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the spraying fixture of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a left view of the spraying fixture of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a front view of the spraying fixture after the blades are assembled in the present invention (the left side is a sectional view). Figure 7 This is an overall schematic diagram of the spraying fixture after the blades are assembled in this invention; Figure 8 This is a partially enlarged view of the blades assembled in the spraying fixture of this invention; Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the spraying fixture of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the blade assembled by the fixture in this invention (with the cover plate hidden). In the diagram, 1-base plate, 2-cover plate, 3-left side plate, 4-right side plate, 5-top plate, 6-hinge, 7-lower baffle, 8-upper baffle, 9-left positioning block, 10-right positioning block, 11-handle, 12-first support bar, 13-second support bar, 14-third support bar, 15-wing screw, 16-magnet, 17-blade, 18-pressure strip. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments. All modifications, substitutions and alterations made based on ordinary technical knowledge and common practices in the art without departing from the above-described technical concept of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

[0023] The aircraft engine blades to be painted have a shape like 17 Figure 1 As shown, the W surface of blade 17 is the lubricant spraying area, the Q surface is allowed to have a coating, the blade root is a transition area, and spraying is not allowed below the blade root. The remaining areas of blade 17 are non-sprayed areas and need to be protected.

[0024] like Figures 2 to 10 This invention relates to a spraying fixture for the working surface of an aero-engine blade journal, comprising a base plate 1, a cover plate 2, a left side plate 3, a right side plate 4, a top plate 5, a hinge 6, a lower baffle 7, an upper baffle 8, a left positioning block 9, a right positioning block 10, a handle 11, a first support strip 12, a second support strip 13, a third support strip 14, a wing screw 15, a magnet 16, and a pressure strip 18. The main components of the spraying fixture are all made of 304 high-temperature resistant stainless steel, which can withstand the high temperatures of preheating before spraying, avoiding the high-temperature failure problem of traditional adhesive tapes.

[0025] The base plate 1, top plate 5, left side plate 3, and right side plate 4 of the spraying fixture are assembled with screws to form the fixture body. The cover plate 2 of the fixture is connected to the top plate 5 by a hinge 6, which facilitates the opening of the cover plate 2 to clamp the blade. The upper baffle 8 and the lower baffle 7 are respectively provided with grooves. The diameter of the blade root positioning and shielding hole formed by the splicing of the grooves matches the diameter of the blade root of the blade 17. After clamping the blade 17, the blade body (non-spraying area) of the blade 17 is protected inside the fixture body, while the journal working surface (W-side and Q-side spraying area) is outside the fixture body. The lower baffle 7 and the upper baffle 8 are spliced ​​to form a conical blade root positioning and shielding hole with a cone angle of 30° and a hole diameter adapted to the conventional size of the blade root of aero-engines, such as 4.5mm to 5.5mm. The non-spraying areas such as the blade body are completely contained inside the closed fixture, and the journal working surface of the blade to be sprayed extends out from the blade root positioning and shielding hole, achieving precise protection by zone.

[0026] The fixture body is internally designed with grooved support bars (specifically, based on the outer diameter of the journal on the non-spraying side, there are three support bars: a first support bar 12, a second support bar 13, and a third support bar 14; the grooves of these three support bars can adapt to different journal outer diameters, for example, the groove sizes are 7 mm, 8 mm, and 9 mm respectively to adapt to different blade specifications) and pressure bars 18 to fix the blades 17. A handle 11 is used for the robotic arm to grip during automatic spraying. The positioning blocks on both sides (left positioning block 9, right positioning block 10) can position the spraying fixture through their own positioning holes to ensure the accuracy of the robotic arm's gripping. Magnets 16 are used to attract the cover plate 2, keeping the spraying fixture closed, resisting vibrations during spraying operations, and ensuring the spraying fixture remains closed. Wing screws 15 are used to install and fix the support bars and pressure bars 18 on the left side plate 3 and the right side plate 4.

[0027] This invention provides a spraying fixture for the working surface of aero-engine blade journals that improves spraying efficiency, processing accuracy, reduces production costs, and is easy to operate. The method for spraying using this invention's spraying fixture is as follows: The blade 17 to be sprayed Figure 1 Assemble the blades into the spraying fixture. First, flip the cover plate 2 of the spraying fixture upwards and remove the upper baffle 8. Place the support strip (choose one of the first support strip 12, the second support strip 13, or the third support strip 14) into the support strip mounting groove / slot of the left side plate 3 and the right side plate 4 that match the blades 17 to be sprayed. Install multiple blades 17 one by one into the spraying fixture. Then, install the pressure strip 18 to press the journal on the non-spraying side of the blade 17. Remove the baffle 7 to press the blade root on the spraying side of the blade 17 to fix the blade 17. Finally, close the cover plate 2 to complete the clamping. The robotic arm grips the handle 11, and the spraying fixture is positioned on the spraying equipment via the left positioning block 9 and the right positioning block 10. Under the conditions of a preheating temperature of 95℃, a spraying pressure of 0.5MPa, and a spray gun distance of 100mm, lubricant is sprayed onto the exposed journal working surface of the blades (i.e., lubricant is sprayed onto the exposed journal working surface at the blade root positioning shielding hole, including the W and Q surfaces, through the spray gun). After completing the spraying of a batch of blades 17 in the spraying fixture, the blades 17 are removed, and the support strip, lower baffle 7, and upper baffle 8 are reinstalled according to the specifications of the next batch of blades 17 to be sprayed, and the next batch of blades 17 is sprayed.

[0028] Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. Although illustrative specific embodiments of the invention have been described above to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. Various modifications are readily apparent to those skilled in the art as long as they fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, and all inventions utilizing the concept of this invention are protected.

Claims

1. A spraying fixture for the working surface of an aero-engine blade journal, characterized in that, include: A base plate (1) and a cover plate (2) are provided at intervals; The left side plate (3) and the right side plate (4) are located between the cover plate (2) and the bottom plate (1), and the left side plate (3) and the right side plate (4) are spaced apart, so that the bottom plate (1), the cover plate (2), the left side plate (3) and the right side plate (4) enclose to form a blade placement space that is open at the top and bottom but closed in the front, back, left and right, serving as protection for the non-sprayed area; Top plate (5), the top plate (5) is installed at the upper opening of the blade placement space, and the cover plate (2) is flipped and connected to the top plate (5) by a hinge (6); The lower baffle (7) and the upper baffle (8) are combined and installed at the lower opening of the blade placement space. The lower baffle (7) is provided with multiple first half holes, and the upper baffle (8) is provided with multiple second half holes. The multiple first half holes and multiple second half holes are spliced ​​together one by one to form multiple blade root positioning and shielding holes. Left positioning block (9) and right positioning block (10), the left positioning block (9) is located outside the blade placement space and installed on the surface of the left side plate (3), the right positioning block (10) is located outside the blade placement space and installed on the surface of the right side plate (4), both the left positioning block (9) and the right positioning block (10) are provided with positioning holes, and the axial directions of the positioning holes on the left positioning block (9) and the right positioning block (10) are parallel; Handle (11), the handle (11) is located outside the blade placement space and installed on the surface of the top plate (5). The handle (11) is U-shaped and has a through hole. A support bar is detachably installed in the blade placement space. The support bar has multiple journal mounting slots. One journal mounting slot and one blade root positioning and shielding hole cooperate to form a blade mounting position. Pressure bar (18) is placed in the blade placement space and pressed against the end of the support bar with the journal mounting groove.

2. The spraying fixture for the working surface of an aero-engine blade journal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate (2) is made of ferromagnetic material; A magnet (16) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the left side plate (3) or the right side plate (4). The magnet (16) is used to attract the cover plate (2) of ferromagnetic material, so that the blade placement space is kept closed.

3. The spraying fixture for the working surface of an aero-engine blade journal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left side plate (3) and the right side plate (4) are provided with support strip mounting grooves on their surfaces within the blade placement space; The two ends of the support bar are placed in the support bar mounting groove and connected to the left side plate (3) and the right side plate (4) by wing screws (15) screwed in from the outside of the blade placement space.

4. The spraying fixture for the working surface of an aero-engine blade journal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left side plate (3) and the right side plate (4) are provided with baffle mounting grooves on their surfaces within the blade placement space. The two ends of the lower baffle (7) and the two ends of the upper baffle (8) are respectively inserted into the baffle mounting grooves.

5. A spraying fixture for the working surface of an aero-engine blade journal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leaf root positioning and shielding hole is a conical hole.

6. A spraying fixture for the working surface of an aero-engine blade journal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (1), cover plate (2), left side plate (3), right side plate (4), top plate (5), lower baffle (7), upper baffle (8), left positioning block (9), right positioning block (10), handle (11), support strip and pressure strip (18) are all made of high temperature resistant stainless steel.

7. A method for spraying coating on the working surface of an aero-engine blade journal, characterized in that, The spraying fixture described in claim 1 is used, and the process includes the following steps: Step 1: Flip the cover plate (2) away from the bottom plate (1); Step 2: Select the corresponding support strip, pressure strip (18), lower baffle (7) and upper baffle (8) according to the specifications of the blade (17) to be sprayed, so that the journal mounting groove on the support strip is adapted to the size of the journal on the non-sprayed side of the blade (17), the distance from the support strip to the lower baffle (7) is adapted to the distance between the journal on the non-sprayed side of the blade (17) and the blade root on the side to be sprayed, and the blade root positioning and shielding hole composed of the lower baffle (7) and the upper baffle (8) is adapted to the size of the blade root on the side to be sprayed on the blade (17). Install the lower baffle (7) and support strip in the blade placement space respectively, and then put multiple blades (17) into the blade placement space one by one and assemble them with the support strip and the lower baffle (7). Step 3: Install the pressure strip (18) and the upper baffle (8) in the blade placement space, wherein the pressure strip (18) is pressed against the support strip and the upper baffle (8) is pressed against the lower baffle (7); Step 4: Flip the cover plate (2) towards the bottom plate (1) until the cover plate (2) closes the space where the blades are placed; Step 5: The robotic arm grabs the handle (11) and sends the spraying fixture and the blade (17) into the spraying equipment. The spraying fixture is positioned and locked on the spraying equipment by the left positioning block (9) and the right positioning block (10). Then, lubricant is sprayed only on the exposed working surface of the blade (17) journal at the blade root positioning shielding hole.

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