Water-saving warm air and water mixed cleaning device and method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of warm gas and water mixed cleaning, and discloses a water-saving type warm gas and water mixed cleaning device and method, which comprises a closed loop cleaning system sequentially connected by a water supply unit, a gas supply unit, a Venturi ejector, a vortex mixer, a bubble refiner, a cleaning actuator, a waste heat recovery and sterilization unit and an intelligent control unit; wherein the Venturi ejector is internally provided with a honeycomb-shaped rectifier and a circumferentially uniformly distributed radial air inlet structure, the vortex mixer adopts two-stage reverse cyclone blades matched with a hydraulic self-rotating spoiler cone structure, the bubble refiner is provided with two-stage hole diameter decreasing detachable porous ceramic filter elements and an intermediate buffer flow equalizing cavity, the cleaning actuator realizes partitioned differential cleaning in combination with a visual detection module, and the waste heat recovery and sterilization unit realizes waste water waste heat recovery and circulating water sterilization. The present application generates stable nanometer scale warm gas and water mixed liquid through rectification and steady flow, multi-stage hydraulic shearing refinement, and is suitable for automatic cleaning operation of large-scale livestock and poultry breeding houses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of warm air-water mixing cleaning technology, and particularly to a water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning device and method. Background Technology

[0002] As livestock and poultry farming develops towards large-scale and intensive operations, regular cleaning and disinfection of livestock pens has become a crucial step in ensuring livestock and poultry health and preventing the spread of diseases. Traditional high-pressure cold water cleaning methods have many drawbacks, such as high water consumption, incomplete cleaning, and the potential to cause stress reactions in livestock and poultry. Therefore, the industry has begun to experiment with air-water hybrid cleaning technology. This technology introduces air to form bubbles, and utilizes the micro-jet streams and shock waves generated when these bubbles burst to enhance cleaning power, thereby achieving the goals of water conservation and improved cleaning effectiveness.

[0003] Some air-water mixing cleaning devices have emerged in the prior art, attempting to improve the cleaning effect and save water by introducing air. However, these devices generally have the following problems: uneven air-water mixing, bubble particle size is mostly above 100μm, bubble stability is poor, the micro-jet and shock wave generated when the bubble breaks are insufficient in intensity, and the cleaning force is limited; the air-water mixing ratio cannot be precisely controlled, the cleaning intensity cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the degree of contamination, and the energy and water consumption are still high.

[0004] Therefore, this invention proposes a water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning device and method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning device and method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning device, comprising a water supply unit, an air supply unit, a Venturi jet, a vortex mixer, a bubble refiner, and an intelligent control unit. The water supply unit is connected to the Venturi jet via a water supply pipe, the air supply unit is connected to the Venturi jet via an air supply pipe, the output end of the Venturi jet is connected to the vortex mixer, and the output end of the vortex mixer is connected to the bubble refiner. The Venturi ejector is provided with an inlet section, a rectifier section, a converging section, a throat section, a diffuser section, and a gas-water outlet section arranged sequentially along the water flow direction. The rectifier section is equipped with a honeycomb rectifier. An air intake ring is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the throat section. The air intake ring is connected to the throat section through radial air intake holes evenly distributed in its circumferential direction. The vortex mixer is provided with a first guide bearing ring, a turbulent, and a second guide bearing ring arranged sequentially along the water flow direction. Left-handed guide blades are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the first guide bearing ring, and right-handed guide blades are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the second guide bearing ring.

[0007] Preferably, a first solenoid valve is fixedly mounted on the gas supply pipe, and a second solenoid valve is fixedly mounted on the water supply pipe, and the intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve.

[0008] Preferably, six groups of the turbulence diffusers are evenly arranged along the circumference of the vortex mixer, and each group of turbulence diffusers includes a central shaft fixedly installed on the inner wall of the vortex mixer. A turbulence cone is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the central shaft, and guide holes are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the turbulence cone.

[0009] Preferably, the bubble refiner has a first filter element and a second filter element arranged sequentially along the water flow direction inside, and both the first filter element and the second filter element include an outer protective frame, which is threaded to the inner side wall of the bubble refiner. The first filter element and the second filter element are respectively equipped with 10μm and 2μm porous ceramic filter elements, and a buffer cavity is provided between the first filter element and the second filter element.

[0010] Preferably, the output end of the bubble refiner is connected to a cleaning actuator, which includes a rotary nozzle assembly, a translational guide rail, a walking mechanism, and a vision detection module. The translational guide rail is fixedly installed on the top of the breeding pen along the length of the pen. The walking mechanism is slidably installed on the translational guide rail via rollers. The rotary nozzle assembly is fixedly installed at the bottom of the walking mechanism via a connecting rod. The vision detection module is fixedly installed at the front end of the walking mechanism and faces the ground of the breeding pen. The rotary nozzle assembly includes multiple high-pressure rotary nozzles. The inlet of each high-pressure rotary nozzle is connected to the output port of the bubble refiner via an independent branch pipe. Each branch pipe is equipped with a third solenoid valve. The walking mechanism, the vision detection module, and each third solenoid valve are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0011] Preferably, the water supply unit includes a raw water tank, a booster pump, a water pretreatment module, and a heating unit. The outlet of the raw water tank is connected to the inlet of the booster pump, and the outlet of the booster pump is connected to the inlet of the water pretreatment module. The water pretreatment module includes a quartz sand filter, an activated carbon filter, and a precision filter connected in series. A liquid level sensor is installed on the side wall of the raw water tank, and the liquid level sensor is electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0012] Preferably, the heating unit includes a spiral tube heat exchanger, an electric heating rod, and a temperature sensor. The inlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the water pretreatment module, and the outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the Venturi ejector. The electric heating rod is disposed inside the spiral tube heat exchanger and is evenly distributed along the axis of the spiral tube. The temperature sensor is disposed at the outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger. The electric heating rod and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0013] Preferably, the air supply unit includes an air compressor, an air tank, and a dryer filter. The air outlet of the air compressor is connected to the air inlet of the air tank, and the air outlet of the air tank is connected to the air inlet of the dryer filter. The air outlet of the dryer filter is the air outlet of the air supply unit. A pressure sensor is installed on the top of the air tank, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a waste heat recovery and disinfection unit, which includes a sewage collection tank, a filtration module, a waste heat recovery heat exchanger, and an ultraviolet disinfection module. The inlet of the sewage collection tank is connected to the sewage collection outlet of the breeding pen, the outlet of the sewage collection tank is connected to the inlet of the filtration module, the outlet of the filtration module is connected to the sewage-side inlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, the sewage-side outlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is connected to the external sewage treatment system, the clean water-side inlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is connected to the external clean water source, the clean water-side outlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the ultraviolet disinfection module, and the outlet of the ultraviolet disinfection module is connected to the return water outlet of the water supply unit. A submersible pump is installed in the sewage collection tank, and the submersible pump is electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0015] This invention provides a water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning method, the steps of which are as follows: S1: The intelligent control unit controls the water supply unit to pre-treat the raw water, while controlling the air supply unit to generate compressed air with stable pressure, and controlling the waste heat recovery and disinfection unit to preheat and disinfect the recovered clean water and deliver it to the water supply unit. S2: The intelligent control unit controls the cleaning actuator to collect image information of the surface of the breeding pen. It analyzes the degree and location of pollution through a deep learning-based image recognition algorithm. Based on the analysis results, the intelligent control unit controls the walking mechanism to move along the translation guide rail to the polluted area. At the same time, it controls the third solenoid valve at the corresponding position to open, so that the warm air-water mixture is sprayed out from the corresponding high-pressure rotary nozzle for cleaning. The walking speed, the opening degree of the third solenoid valve, and the air-water mixing ratio of the Venturi injector are adjusted according to the degree of pollution. S3: The Venturi injector enhances the uniformity of air-water mixing, and the vortex mixer generates a strong shearing effect through the counter-rotating vortex, improving the efficiency of bubble refinement. The bubble refiner enhances the stability of nano-scale bubble generation. Then, the mixture is fed into the cleaning actuator to perform differentiated cleaning on the breeding pens.

[0016] S4: Wastewater generated during cleaning flows into a wastewater collection tank, and after filtration, waste heat recovery and disinfection, it is transported to the water supply unit for recycling.

[0017] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention effectively eliminates water turbulence by setting a honeycomb rectifier in the rectifier section of the Venturi injector, making the water flow into the contraction section more stable, thereby generating a stable negative pressure at the throat, with the negative pressure fluctuation range controlled within ±0.005MPa; at the same time, by setting an annular air intake chamber and multiple radial air intake holes in the throat section, compressed air is uniformly introduced into the water flow from multiple directions, improving the initial air-water mixing uniformity by more than 30%, and solving the problem of uneven mixing caused by single axial air intake in the prior art.

[0018] 2. This invention employs a vortex mixer structure combining two-stage counter-rotating helical guide vanes and a turbulence-inducing component. The first-stage left-handed vanes generate left-handed vortices, and the second-stage right-handed vanes generate right-handed vortices. The counter-rotating vortices can generate strong shearing action, while the turbulence-inducing component can further enhance the turbulence intensity, thereby increasing the bubble refinement efficiency by more than 40%. The generated micron-sized bubbles have a uniform particle size distribution between 10μm and 30μm. In addition, the polytetrafluoroethylene coating sprayed on the vane surface can effectively reduce the adhesion of impurities, reduce the risk of clogging, and improve the reliability of equipment operation.

[0019] 3. This invention employs a three-stage detachable modular porous ceramic filter element, with a buffer chamber between each stage. This ensures that the gas-water two-phase flow is evenly distributed before entering the next stage, preventing excessively high local flow rates that could cause filter element wear. Simultaneously, it allows for further uniform mixing of the bubbles. Furthermore, the stainless steel flow stabilizer at the outlet of the third-stage filter element further stabilizes the bubble distribution, increasing the generation efficiency of nano-sized bubbles by over 50%, improving stability by over 60%, and extending the residence time of bubbles in the mixture to over 5 minutes. This solves the problems of unstable nano-sized bubble generation and rapid bubbling in existing technologies.

[0020] 4. This invention uses a first gas flow sensor and a first liquid flow sensor to detect the intake air volume and water volume in real time. The intelligent control unit adjusts the opening of the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve precisely according to the detection signal and the preset air-water mixing ratio. The control accuracy of the air-water mixing ratio can reach ±2%. It can adjust the cleaning intensity in real time according to the degree of pollution in different areas of the breeding pen, further improving the water-saving effect and cleaning stability. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the Venturi injector of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the vortex mixer of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spoiler structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the bubble refiner of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 10, Water supply unit; 20, Water supply pipe; 30, Venturi ejector; 31, Inlet section; 32, Rectifying section; 33, Contraction section; 34, Throat section; 35, Diffusion section; 36, Air-water outlet section; 37, Honeycomb rectifier; 38, Air inlet ring; 39, Radial air inlet; 40, Air supply unit; 50, Air supply pipe; 60, Vortex mixer; 61, First guide bearing ring; 62, Second guide bearing ring; 63, Baffle; 631, Central shaft; 632, Baffle cone; 633, Guide hole; 64, Left-handed guide vane; 65, Right-handed guide vane; 70, Bubble refiner; 71, First filter element; 72, Second filter element; 73, Buffer chamber; 80, Cleaning actuator. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, this embodiment discloses a water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning device, including a water supply unit 10, an air supply unit 40, a Venturi jet 30, a vortex mixer 60, a bubble refiner 70, and an intelligent control unit. It also includes a waste heat recovery disinfection unit. The outlet of the water supply unit 10 is sealed to the water inlet of the Venturi jet 30 via a water supply pipe 20. The outlet of the air supply unit 40 is sealed to the air inlet of the Venturi jet 30 via an air supply pipe 50. The output of the Venturi jet 30 is coaxially sealed to the air inlet of the vortex mixer 60 via a flange structure. The output of the vortex mixer 60 is coaxially sealed to the air inlet of the bubble refiner 70 via a flange structure. The output of the bubble refiner 70 is connected to the input of the cleaning actuator 80 via a main water supply pipe. The water inlet of the waste heat recovery disinfection unit is connected to the wastewater collection port of the livestock pen. The outlet of the waste heat recovery disinfection unit is connected to the return port of the water supply unit 10. The intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the water supply unit 10, the air supply unit 40, the control valves on the corresponding pipelines, the cleaning actuator 80, and the waste heat recovery disinfection unit through control lines to achieve unified acquisition and control of the entire device's operating status. A modular functional division architecture is adopted, in which the functions of water supply pressurization, air supply, air-water preliminary mixing, vortex refinement, nano-level bubble generation, cleaning execution, and waste heat recovery water circulation are independently packaged and connected in series through pipelines to form a complete closed-loop system of warm air-water preparation, precise cleaning, and wastewater recycling. This effectively reduces the difficulty and cost of operation and maintenance. At the same time, the unified intelligent control architecture provides complete hardware support for subsequent differentiated cleaning and parameter adaptive adjustment, solving the technical problems of low integration, poor system integrity, and high maintenance costs of traditional aquaculture cleaning devices.

[0025] The Venturi ejector 30 has an inlet section 31, a rectifier section 32, a converging section 33, a throat section 34, a diffuser section 35, and a gas-water outlet section 36 arranged sequentially along the water flow direction. The rectifier section 32 is fitted with a honeycomb rectifier 37 with an interference fit. The axial length of the honeycomb rectifier 37 is 1.8 times the inner diameter of the rectifier section 32. The inside is composed of several hexagonal honeycomb holes with the axis parallel to the axis of the Venturi ejector 30. The diameter of a single hole is 2.5 mm. An air inlet ring 38 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the throat section 34. The air inlet ring 38 is connected to the throat section 34 through radial air inlets 39 evenly distributed in its circumferential direction. Each radial air inlet 39 penetrates the side wall of the throat section 34 to connect the annular air chamber with the internal flow channel of the throat section 34. The outlet end of the radial air inlet 39 is provided with a 30° guide chamfer along the water flow direction. The end of the air supply pipe 50 is sealed and connected to the main air inlet of the air inlet ring 38.

[0026] In actual operation, heated water enters the Venturi injector 30 through the inlet section 31. It first flows through the honeycomb rectifier 37 in the rectifying section 32, where the water flow is divided into multiple parallel streams. The turbulent energy carried by the incoming water is effectively dissipated by the honeycomb holes, and the original turbulent flow is corrected to a stable laminar flow. The stable water flow then enters the contraction section 33, where the cross-section continuously narrows. The flow velocity continuously increases along the flow path, reaching a peak of 16 m / s to 19 m / s at the throat section 34. This creates a stable negative pressure of -0.06 MPa to -0.075 MPa inside the throat section 34. Under the suction effect of this negative pressure, compressed air output from the air supply unit 40 enters the annular air chamber of the air intake ring 38 through the air supply pipe 50. Then, through ten sets of circumferentially evenly distributed radial air intake holes 39, it synchronously merges into the high-speed water flow in the throat section 34 from the entire circumference of the water flow, completing the initial air-water mixing and forming a two-phase flow containing large-sized air bubbles. The gas-water two-phase flow then enters the diffuser section 35. As the cross-section of the flow channel gradually expands, the flow velocity gradually decreases and the pressure gradually increases. Finally, it is smoothly input into the vortex mixer 60 through the gas-water outlet section 36. The honeycomb rectifier 37 is used to rectify and eliminate turbulence in the inlet water, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the flow field in the contraction section 33 and the throat section 34. This generates a stable negative pressure field with minimal fluctuation. At the same time, a radially distributed air intake structure is adopted to allow compressed air to be injected synchronously from the entire circumference of the water flow, avoiding the gas-water flow deviation and uneven mixing caused by traditional single-sided air intake. The negative pressure fluctuation range at the throat can be controlled within ±0.004MPa. The initial gas-water mixing uniformity is improved by more than 35% compared with the traditional single-sided air intake Venturi structure. From the source of gas-water mixing, the consistency and stability of subsequent bubble refinement are ensured. This effectively solves the technical problems of uneven Venturi air intake, large negative pressure fluctuation, and poor initial stability of gas-water mixing in existing technologies.

[0027] Inside the vortex mixer 60, a first guide bearing ring 61, a flow disruptor 63, and a second guide bearing ring 62 are arranged sequentially along the water flow direction. Left-handed guide vanes 64 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the first guide bearing ring 61, with a lead of 1.3 times the inner diameter of the vortex mixer 60 shell. Right-handed guide vanes 65 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the second guide bearing ring 62, with a lead of 0.9 times the inner diameter of the vortex mixer 60 shell. Six sets of flow disruptors 63 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the vortex mixer 60. Each set of flow disruptors 63 includes a central shaft 631 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the vortex mixer 60. A flow disruptor cone 632 is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the central shaft 631, and flow guide holes 633 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the flow disruptor cone 632.

[0028] In actual operation, the gas-water two-phase flow output from the Venturi ejector 30 enters the vortex mixer 60 and first flows through the left-handed guide vanes 64 of the first guide bearing ring 61. Under the guiding action of the vanes, a high-speed left-handed vortex is formed, with a vortex speed of 3500 r / min to 4800 r / min. As the left-handed vortex carries air bubbles forward axially, it continuously impacts the six sets of turbulence cones 632. The axial impact force of the water flow acts on the cone surface and the guide holes 633, causing the turbulence cones 632 to rotate around the central axis 63. 1. The self-rotating, rotating turbulence cone 632, in conjunction with the surface guide holes 633, continuously cuts and disturbs the regular left-handed vortex, breaking the stratified flow state of the vortex and further enhancing the turbulence intensity of the flow field. This causes large-sized bubbles to be initially sheared into medium-sized bubbles. The gas-liquid two-phase flow, after being enhanced by turbulence, then flows through the right-handed guide vanes 65 of the second guide bearing ring 62. Under the guiding action of the counter-rotating vanes, a high-speed right-handed vortex is formed. The two-stage vortices rotating in opposite directions generate strong hydraulic shear in the confluence region. The function is to further shear and refine bubbles into micron-sized bubbles with particle sizes concentrated between 12μm and 28μm. The fully mixed micron-sized bubble-water mixture enters the bubble refiner 70 from the output end of the vortex mixer 60. A reverse shear flow field is constructed using two-stage counter-current swirling blades, and the turbulence disturbance is enhanced by the self-rotating turbulence cone 632 structure under the action of water flow. The bubble refinement is achieved through multi-stage hydraulic shearing. At the same time, the rotating structure of the turbulence cone 632 can change the adhesion force state of impurities, avoiding the deposition and wall adhesion of aquaculture waste on the surface of the turbulence component. The bubble refinement efficiency is improved by more than 42% compared with the traditional single-stage vortex structure, and the particle size distribution dispersion of the output bubbles is reduced by 60%. Moreover, the self-rotation characteristic of the turbulence cone 632 can effectively reduce the adhesion and clogging of organic impurities such as feces and feed residue in aquaculture wastewater. The continuous clogging-free operation time of the equipment is increased by more than 2 times. It can effectively solve the technical problems of low refinement efficiency, uneven bubble particle size, and easy clogging when applied to aquaculture scenarios in existing vortex mixers.

[0029] Inside the bubble refiner 70, a first filter element 71 and a second filter element 72 are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction. Both the first filter element 71 and the second filter element 72 include an outer protective frame, which is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the bubble refiner 70. A porous ceramic filter element with a filtration accuracy of 10 μm is fixedly installed inside the outer protective frame of the first filter element 71, and a porous ceramic filter element with a filtration accuracy of 2 μm is fixedly installed inside the outer protective frame of the second filter element 72. A buffer chamber 73 is provided between the first filter element 71 and the second filter element 72, and the axial length of the buffer chamber 73 is equal to the length of the bubble refiner 70 shell. With an inner diameter 0.7 times larger than the standard, during actual operation, the gas-water mixture containing micron-sized bubbles enters the bubble refiner 70 and first flows through the first filter element 71. The porous ceramic filter element with a 10μm pore size performs primary cutting of the bubbles in the gas-water mixture, shearing bubbles larger than 10μm into smaller microbubbles. After primary refinement, the gas-water mixture then enters the buffer chamber 73. The sudden expansion of the flow channel space causes the flow rate of the mixture to decrease instantaneously and diffuse fully within the chamber. The airflow and water flow undergo secondary uniform mixing within the buffer chamber 73, reducing the flow rate at the end face of subsequent filter elements. The distribution is more uniform, avoiding localized rapid wear of the filter element caused by concentrated flow velocity. After sufficient uniform flow, the mixture then flows through the second filter element 72. The porous ceramic filter element with a 2μm pore size performs secondary precision cutting of the bubbles, ultimately generating a stable nano-sized bubble warm air-water mixture with a particle size concentrated between 120nm and 480nm. When the filter element becomes clogged or worn, the outlet end cap of the bubble refiner 70 can be removed and the corresponding filter element can be unscrewed for individual replacement, without the need to replace the entire bubble refiner 70. The use of two-stage porous ceramic filter elements with decreasing pore size achieves progressive bubble cutting and refinement. A buffer chamber 73 is set between the two filter elements to achieve uniform flow and stable pressure, ensuring uniform flow rate and thorough mixing of bubbles across the entire filter element surface. The generation rate of nano-sized bubbles is increased by more than 55%, and the residence time of bubbles in still water can reach more than 6 minutes. The stability and duration of bubbles are significantly improved. At the same time, the detachable modular filter element structure reduces maintenance costs by more than 65%, and extends the filter element replacement cycle from the traditional 30 days to more than 90 days. The design of the bubble refiner 70 can effectively solve the technical problems of unstable nano-bubble generation, uneven filter element wear, and high maintenance costs in traditional bubble refinement devices.

[0030] A first solenoid valve is fixedly mounted on the air supply pipe 50, and a second solenoid valve is fixedly mounted on the water supply pipe 20. The intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the first and second solenoid valves. Both the first and second solenoid valves are proportional regulating solenoid valves. The intelligent control unit has pre-stored a set of air-water mixing ratio parameters corresponding to different pollution levels. By synchronously adjusting the opening of the first and second solenoid valves, the air-water mixing ratio can be precisely adjusted in stages within the range of 1:10 to 1:3. In actual operation, when the cleaning actuator 80 detects a heavily polluted area in the breeding pen, the intelligent control unit automatically increases the opening of the first solenoid valve and correspondingly adjusts the opening of the second solenoid valve to increase the air-water mixing ratio to 1:3. In the 1:5 range, the proportion of air bubbles in the mixture is increased to enhance the cleaning effect with stronger bubble bursting impact. When a lightly contaminated area is detected, the intelligent control unit automatically reduces the opening of the first solenoid valve, lowering the air-water mixing ratio to the 1:8 to 1:10 range. This maximizes water conservation while ensuring cleaning effectiveness. A proportional solenoid valve is used to synchronously adjust the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the air and water paths. Combined with pre-stored contamination levels and mixing parameters, the air-water mixing ratio is adaptively matched. The physical parameters of the cleaning medium can be dynamically adjusted according to the contamination status of the cleaning surface, avoiding water waste in the cleaned area and further improving the overall water saving rate. The overall water saving rate of the device is more than 72% higher than that of traditional high-pressure water washing.

[0031] The output end of the bubble refiner 70 is connected to a cleaning actuator 80 via a main water supply pipe. The cleaning actuator 80 includes a translation guide rail, a walking mechanism, a rotary nozzle assembly, and a vision detection module. The translation guide rail is fixedly suspended on the steel structure frame at the top of the breeding pen along the length of the pen. The walking mechanism is slidably mounted on the translation guide rail via drive rollers and can move back and forth along the guide rail. The rotary nozzle assembly is fixedly installed at the bottom of the walking mechanism via a vertical connecting rod. The spray surface of the nozzle assembly faces the pen floor, and the vertical distance between the lower end of the nozzle assembly and the pen floor is set to 1.8m. The vision detection module is fixedly installed at the lower front end of the walking mechanism, with the collection direction facing the pen floor in the walking direction. The rotary nozzle assembly includes seven sets of high-pressure rotary nozzles. The inlet of each set of high-pressure rotary nozzles is connected to the main water supply pipe via an independent branch pipe. A third solenoid valve is connected in series on each branch pipe. The drive motor of the walking mechanism, the vision detection module, and each set of third solenoid valves are all electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0032] In actual operation, the visual inspection module uses a high-definition industrial camera to collect real-time images of the pen floor and transmit them to the intelligent control unit. The intelligent control unit analyzes the images using a built-in deep learning image recognition algorithm to identify the distribution and degree of contaminants such as feces and feed residue on the pen surface, classifying the contaminated area into three levels: heavily, moderately, and lightly contaminated. The intelligent control unit then controls the walking mechanism to move along the translational guide rail at the corresponding speed to above the contaminated area, simultaneously activating the third solenoid valve on the corresponding branch pipe. This allows a nano-level warm air-water mixture to be sprayed from the corresponding high-pressure rotary nozzle. The high-pressure rotary nozzle can automatically rotate 360° under the hydraulic reaction force, with a rotation speed of 120 r / min to 180 r / min. Combined with the high-speed micro-jet and shock wave generated by the bursting of nanobubbles upon impact with the wall, it achieves thorough cleaning. For heavily contaminated areas, the intelligent control unit controls the walking mechanism at a speed of 0.6... The system moves at a low speed of 0.7 m / s to 0.7 m / s, while simultaneously fully opening the corresponding third solenoid valve to increase the spray flow rate and extend the cleaning time per unit area. For moderately polluted areas, the walking mechanism moves at a speed of 0.9 m / s to 1.1 m / s, with the third solenoid valve opening adjusted to 70%. For lightly polluted areas, the walking mechanism moves at a speed of 1.3 m / s to 1.9 m / s, with the third solenoid valve opening adjusted to 40%. Non-contact real-time detection of the pollution status is achieved through machine vision. Combined with the adjustment of the walking mechanism's movement speed and independent on / off control of each nozzle, differentiated and precise cleaning by zone is achieved. The cleaning process is fully automated, requiring no on-site manual operation. The cleaning efficiency of a single unit can reach over 550 m² / h, with a cleanliness pass rate of 99.2%. At the same time, precise zone control avoids ineffective spraying, further reducing water consumption and solving the technical problems of low efficiency, uneven cleanliness, and the existence of cleaning dead spots in traditional manual cleaning.

[0033] The water supply unit 10 includes a raw water tank, a booster pump, a water pretreatment module, and a heating unit. The outlet of the raw water tank is connected to the inlet of the booster pump, and the outlet of the booster pump is connected to the inlet of the water pretreatment module. The water pretreatment module includes a quartz sand filter, an activated carbon filter, and a precision filter connected in series. A liquid level sensor is installed on the side wall of the raw water tank and is electrically connected to the intelligent control unit. The heating unit includes a spiral tube heat exchanger, electric heating rods, and a temperature sensor. The inlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the water pretreatment module, and the outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the Venturi ejector 30. The electric heating rods are installed inside the spiral tube heat exchanger and are evenly distributed along the axis of the spiral tube. The temperature sensor is installed at the outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger. The electric heating rods and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0034] In actual operation, the raw water tank is used to store raw water for cleaning and recycled water. A level sensor monitors the water level in the tank in real time and transmits the signal to the intelligent control unit. When the water level is below the low threshold, the intelligent control unit controls the external water supply valve to open and replenish the raw water tank. When the water level reaches the high threshold, the water supply valve automatically closes, achieving fully automatic water level control. A booster pump pressurizes the water in the raw water tank to 0.35MPa to 0.45MPa before delivering it to the water pretreatment module. The water then passes through a quartz sand filter to remove large particles such as silt and rust, and an activated carbon filter. The device adsorbs residual chlorine, odors, and large organic molecules. A precision filter removes tiny suspended particles, preventing impurities from entering subsequent heating and mixing components and causing blockages or wear. The pretreated water then enters the spiral tube heat exchanger. The spiral flow channel structure extends the heat exchange path of the water body, enhancing the heat exchange effect. Electric heating rods heat the water body. The outlet water temperature sensor detects the outlet water temperature in real time and feeds it back to the intelligent control unit. The intelligent control unit uses a PID control algorithm to automatically adjust the output power of the electric heating rods, stabilizing the outlet water temperature between 36℃ and 39℃. The working principle of this part is to achieve step-by-step purification of water quality through three-stage gradient filtration, enhance heat exchange efficiency through a spiral heat exchange structure, and achieve precise water temperature control by combining PID closed-loop temperature control. Its technical effect is to effectively protect the core precision components such as the Venturi injector 30, vortex mixer 60 and filter element, extend the overall service life of the device, and achieve a water temperature control accuracy of ±0.4℃. This can soften the organic dirt in the livestock with warm water to improve cleaning efficiency, avoid stress reactions in livestock caused by cold water stimulation, and avoid unnecessary energy consumption caused by excessively high water temperature.

[0035] The air supply unit 40 includes an air compressor, an air tank, and a dryer filter. The air compressor's outlet is connected to the air tank's inlet, and the air tank's outlet is connected to the dryer filter's inlet. The dryer filter's outlet is the air supply unit 40's outlet. A pressure sensor is installed on the top of the air tank, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the intelligent control unit. The dryer filter is an adsorption type, filled with 4A molecular sieve adsorbent. During actual operation, the air compressor compresses outside air to 0.65MPa to 0.75MPa and then inputs it into the air tank for storage. The pressure sensor monitors the air pressure inside the tank in real time and feeds it back to the intelligent control unit. When the air pressure is lower than 0.55MPa, the intelligent control unit starts the air compressor to replenish the air. The compressor stops operating when the pressure reaches 0.75 MPa, ensuring a continuous and stable output of compressed air from the storage tank. The compressed air then enters the dryer filter, where molecular sieve adsorbents remove moisture and oil mist from the air, ensuring that the pressure dew point of the output air is below -22°C and the oil content is below 0.01 mg / m³. The stable output of the air source pressure is achieved through the pressure stabilization effect of the storage tank and pressure feedback control. The adsorption-type dryer filter removes liquid and oil impurities from the compressed air, providing a stable and clean compressed air source for the Venturi injector 30, ensuring the stability of the air-water mixing process, and preventing oil mist and water vapor in the air from entering the breeding pens and causing secondary pollution. It also prevents corrosion inside the pipeline and extends the service life of the air system.

[0036] The waste heat recovery and disinfection unit includes a wastewater collection tank, a filtration module, a waste heat recovery heat exchanger, and an ultraviolet disinfection module. The inlet of the wastewater collection tank is connected to the wastewater collection outlet of the breeding pen, the outlet of the wastewater collection tank is connected to the inlet of the filtration module, the outlet of the filtration module is connected to the wastewater side inlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, the wastewater side outlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is connected to the external wastewater treatment system, the clean water side inlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is connected to the external clean water source, the clean water side outlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the ultraviolet disinfection module, and the outlet of the ultraviolet disinfection module is connected to the return water outlet of the water supply unit 10. A submersible pump is installed in the wastewater collection tank, and the submersible pump is electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0037] In actual operation, the warm wastewater generated from cleaning the pens flows along the slope of the pens into various wastewater collection inlets, and then into the wastewater collection tank through the collection pipe network. A coarse screen first intercepts large impurities such as tree branches, lumps of feces, and clumps of feed in the wastewater. A submersible pump transports the wastewater from the collection tank to the filtration module, where it passes through a coarse filter and a fine filter to remove suspended solids. The filtered wastewater then enters the wastewater side channel of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger. This plate heat exchanger allows for counter-current heat exchange between the wastewater and the ambient temperature clean water on the clean water side, transferring the residual heat carried by the wastewater to the clean water, preheating it to 21°C to 24°C. After the heat exchange and cooling process, the wastewater is discharged from the wastewater side outlet into the external wastewater treatment system for further treatment. The preheated clean water then enters the ultraviolet disinfection module, where a 254nm wavelength ultraviolet germicidal lamp irradiates and disinfects the clean water with a sterilization dose of no less than 32mJ / cm², effectively killing bacteria. The system eliminates pathogens such as E. coli and Salmonella in the water with a sterilization rate of over 99.9%. The preheated clean water after disinfection is fed into the raw water tank for recycling as cleaning water. The intelligent control unit can automatically adjust the output flow of the submersible pump according to the wastewater temperature and flow rate to maximize the waste heat recovery efficiency. Solid impurities in the wastewater are removed through filtration and purification. The wastewater waste heat is recovered and preheated using the counter-current heat exchange principle of the plate heat exchanger. Then, ultraviolet disinfection is carried out to achieve biosafety control of the recycled water. This process realizes the recovery and utilization of waste heat from the cleaning wastewater, reducing the energy consumption of the heating unit by more than 42%. At the same time, it realizes the recycling and reuse of cleaning water, with a water recycling rate of over 62%, further saving water resources. Moreover, the ultraviolet disinfection process avoids the risk of pathogens spreading through the circulating water, ensuring the biosafety of the aquaculture environment. This solves the technical problems of waste heat wastewater, low water resource utilization, and easy bacterial contamination in the circulating water in traditional cleaning processes.

[0038] This embodiment discloses a water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning method, which is implemented using the water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning device described above. The cleaning method includes the following steps: S1: The first stage is the pretreatment start-up phase. After receiving the start-up command, the intelligent control unit first controls the water supply unit 10 to start, the booster pump starts running, and the water pretreatment module and heating unit enter the working state. The heating unit stabilizes the water temperature to the preset range of 36℃ to 39℃. At the same time, it controls the air supply unit 40 to start, and the air compressor runs until the pressure of the air tank reaches the set value and remains in standby state. The submersible pump and ultraviolet disinfection module of the waste heat recovery disinfection unit start synchronously and enter the water circulation and waste heat recovery standby state. S2: The next stage is pollution detection and parameter matching. The intelligent control unit controls the walking mechanism to move along the translation guide rail at the detection speed. The visual detection module collects images of the pen floor in real time and transmits them to the intelligent control unit for identification and analysis to determine the location and pollution level of the polluted area. The intelligent control unit matches the corresponding air-water mixing ratio, walking speed and nozzle opening parameters according to the pollution level. S3: The next stage is the differentiated cleaning stage. The intelligent control unit adjusts the opening of the first and second solenoid valves according to the matching parameters, so that the Venturi injector 30 outputs a gas-water two-phase flow with a corresponding gas-water ratio. The gas-water two-phase flow is refined into micron-level bubbles by the vortex mixer 60 and then into nano-level warm gas-water mixture by the bubble refiner 70 before being delivered to the cleaning actuator 80. At the same time, the intelligent control unit controls the walking mechanism to move at a corresponding speed and opens the third solenoid valve at the corresponding position of the contaminated area, so that the nano-level warm gas-water mixture is sprayed out through the high-pressure rotating nozzle. The cleaning operation is completed by using the micro-jet and shock wave generated by the bursting of bubbles. During the movement, the vision detection module continuously detects and adjusts the operating parameters and nozzle opening status in real time. S4: Finally, the recycling stage is where the warm wastewater generated during cleaning flows into the wastewater collection tank through the wastewater collection port. After filtration and impurity removal, waste heat recovery and heat exchange, and ultraviolet disinfection, the preheated clean return water is fed into the raw water tank for recycling, completing the entire cleaning process.

[0039] This embodiment uses visual detection as the front-end perception and an intelligent control unit as the control core to link all aspects of air and water generation, cleaning execution, and recycling, achieving fully automated closed-loop operation. The entire cleaning process requires no manual intervention and can achieve unattended operation, significantly reducing the intensity of manual labor. At the same time, through parameter matching and recycling throughout the process, it achieves multiple effects of water saving, energy saving, and high-efficiency cleaning, reducing the overall operating cost by more than 50% compared to traditional cleaning methods.

[0040] In summary, the core of this embodiment lies in three synergistic improvements. First, the honeycomb rectification and circumferentially distributed venturi structure at the air-water mixing front end break through the inherent design limitations of traditional venturi systems with single-sided air intake and unstable flow fields, thereby improving the stability and uniformity of air-water mixing from the source. Second, the vortex refinement structure of the reverse double swirl and self-rotating turbulence cone enhances the turbulent shearing effect through hydraulically driven self-rotating turbulence components, while specifically addressing the industry-specific problem of easy fouling and clogging in aquaculture scenarios. Third, the nanobubble generation structure with two-stage ceramic filter elements and intermediate buffer flow equalization achieves efficient and stable generation of nanobubbles, while significantly reducing operation and maintenance costs. These three aspects work together synergistically to achieve a warm air-water cleaning effect with high stability, high cleaning power, and low water consumption in aquaculture scenarios, solving many long-standing technical pain points in existing technologies and demonstrating outstanding substantive features and significant progress.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning device, comprising a water supply unit (10), an air supply unit (40), a Venturi jet (30), a vortex mixer (60), a bubble refiner (70), and an intelligent control unit, characterized in that: The water supply unit (10) is connected to the Venturi injector (30) via the water supply pipe (20), the air supply unit (40) is connected to the Venturi injector (30) via the air supply pipe (50), the output end of the Venturi injector (30) is connected to the vortex mixer (60), and the output end of the vortex mixer (60) is connected to the bubble refiner (70). The Venturi injector (30) is provided with an inlet section (31), a rectifier section (32), a converging section (33), a throat section (34), a diffuser section (35), and a gas-water outlet section (36) in sequence along the direction of water flow. The rectifier section (32) is equipped with a honeycomb rectifier (37). An air intake ring (38) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the throat section (34). The air intake ring (38) is connected to the throat section (34) through radial air intake holes (39) evenly distributed in its circumferential direction. The vortex mixer (60) is provided with a first guide bearing ring (61), a turbulent (63), and a second guide bearing ring (62) in sequence along the direction of water flow. The inner sidewall of the first guide bearing ring (61) is evenly provided with left-handed guide blades (64) along the circumferential direction, and the inner sidewall of the second guide bearing ring (62) is evenly provided with right-handed guide blades (65) along the circumferential direction.

2. The water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first solenoid valve is fixedly mounted on the gas supply pipe (50), and a second solenoid valve is fixedly mounted on the water supply pipe (20). The intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve.

3. The water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turbulence diffuser (63) is evenly arranged in six groups along the circumference of the vortex mixer (60), and each group of turbulence diffuser (63) includes a central shaft (631) fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the vortex mixer (60), and a turbulence cone (632) is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the central shaft (631), and guide holes (633) are evenly distributed on the outer side wall of the turbulence cone (632).

4. The water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bubble refiner (70) has a first filter element (71) and a second filter element (72) arranged sequentially along the water flow direction inside. Both the first filter element (71) and the second filter element (72) include an outer protective frame, which is threaded to the inner wall of the bubble refiner (70). The first filter element (71) and the second filter element (72) are respectively equipped with 10μm and 2μm porous ceramic filter elements. A buffer chamber (73) is provided between the first filter element (71) and the second filter element (72).

5. The water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output end of the bubble refiner (70) is connected to a cleaning actuator (80). The cleaning actuator (80) includes a rotary nozzle assembly, a translational guide rail, a walking mechanism, and a vision detection module. The translational guide rail is fixedly installed on the top of the breeding pen along the length of the pen. The walking mechanism is slidably installed on the translational guide rail via rollers. The rotary nozzle assembly is fixedly installed at the bottom of the walking mechanism via a connecting rod. The vision detection module is fixedly installed at the front end of the walking mechanism and faces the ground of the breeding pen. The rotary nozzle assembly includes multiple high-pressure rotary nozzles. The inlet of each high-pressure rotary nozzle is connected to the output port of the bubble refiner (70) via an independent branch pipe. A third solenoid valve is installed on each branch pipe. The walking mechanism, the vision detection module, and each third solenoid valve are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

6. The water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water supply unit (10) includes a raw water tank, a booster pump, a water pretreatment module and a heating unit. The outlet of the raw water tank is connected to the inlet of the booster pump, and the outlet of the booster pump is connected to the inlet of the water pretreatment module. The water pretreatment module includes a quartz sand filter, an activated carbon filter and a precision filter connected in series. A liquid level sensor is installed on the side wall of the raw water tank and is electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

7. The water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heating unit includes a spiral tube heat exchanger, an electric heating rod, and a temperature sensor. The inlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the water pretreatment module, and the outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the Venturi ejector (30). The electric heating rod is set inside the spiral tube heat exchanger and is evenly distributed along the axis of the spiral tube. The temperature sensor is set at the outlet of the spiral tube heat exchanger. The electric heating rod and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

8. The water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply unit (40) includes an air compressor, an air tank and a dryer filter. The air outlet of the air compressor is connected to the air inlet of the air tank, and the air outlet of the air tank is connected to the air inlet of the dryer filter. The air outlet of the dryer filter is the air outlet of the air supply unit (40). A pressure sensor is installed on the top of the air tank and is electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

9. The water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a waste heat recovery and disinfection unit, which includes a sewage collection tank, a filter module, a waste heat recovery heat exchanger and an ultraviolet disinfection module. The inlet of the sewage collection tank is connected to the sewage collection outlet of the breeding pen. The outlet of the sewage collection tank is connected to the inlet of the filter module. The outlet of the filter module is connected to the sewage side inlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger. The sewage side outlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is connected to the external sewage treatment system. The clean water side inlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is connected to the external clean water source. The clean water side outlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the ultraviolet disinfection module. The outlet of the ultraviolet disinfection module is connected to the return water outlet of the water supply unit (10). A submersible pump is installed in the sewage collection tank. The submersible pump is electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

10. A water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning method, implemented using the water-saving warm air-water mixing cleaning device as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The cleaning method involves the following steps: S1: The intelligent control unit controls the water supply unit (10) to pre-treat the raw water, and at the same time controls the air supply unit (40) to generate compressed air with stable pressure, and controls the waste heat recovery and disinfection unit to preheat and disinfect the recovered clean water and deliver it to the water supply unit (10). S2: The intelligent control unit controls the cleaning actuator (80) to collect image information of the surface of the breeding pen, analyzes the degree of pollution and the location of pollution through the deep learning-based image recognition algorithm, and controls the walking mechanism to move along the translation guide to the polluted area according to the analysis results. At the same time, it controls the third solenoid valve at the corresponding position to open, so that the warm air-water mixture is sprayed out from the corresponding high-pressure rotary nozzle for cleaning, and adjusts the walking speed, the opening degree of the third solenoid valve and the air-water mixing ratio of the Venturi injector (30) according to the degree of pollution. S3: Venturi jet (30) enhances the uniformity of air-water mixing, vortex mixer (60) generates strong shearing force through the reverse rotating vortex, improves bubble refinement efficiency, bubble refiner (70) enhances the stability of nanoscale bubble generation, and then inputs it into the cleaning actuator (80) to perform differentiated cleaning of the breeding pen; S4: The wastewater generated during cleaning flows into the wastewater collection tank, and after filtration, waste heat recovery and disinfection, it is transported to the water supply unit (10) for recycling.

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