Method and device for treating a combustible waste material in the preparation of cmc

Abstract

The application relates to the field of ceramic matrix composite material preparation, in particular to a treatment method and device for flammable waste materials in CMC preparation, which solves the problems of poor safety, low efficiency and lack of systematic classification and treatment scheme in waste material treatment, and comprises a circular core shaft mold with residual defective materials on the outer wall; a brush cleaning machine used for cleaning the circular core shaft mold, and a residue outlet and renewable material outlet arranged at the bottom of the brush cleaning machine and used for discharging different materials. The application separates high-concentration flammable waste materials from safe waste materials through concentration detection and classification treatment, reduces the safety risk in the treatment process from the source, meanwhile, through the setting of multiple safety devices such as a primary safety valve and a secondary safety air channel and an anti-explosion warning line with a single treatment capacity of not more than 0.1 cubic meters, explosion accidents in the incineration process are effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ceramic matrix composite material preparation technology, specifically to a method and apparatus for treating flammable waste materials in CMC preparation. Background Technology

[0002] Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are widely used in aerospace, weaponry, and high-end equipment manufacturing due to their high high-temperature strength, good ablation resistance, and strong thermal shock resistance. In the preparation of CMCs, organosilicon polymers such as polymethylsiloxane (PMS) are typically used as precursors, which are then converted into silicon carbide or silicon nitride matrices through pyrolysis.

[0003] However, PMS has extremely high viscosity and must be mixed with organic solvents such as xylene, n-butane, and tetrahydrofuran to effectively impregnate fibers. Among them, n-butane has a flash point of only 22°C and is extremely prone to spontaneous combustion or deflagration when exposed to fire or in poor ventilation. In addition, some modified PMS undergoes a strong exothermic reaction during crosslinking. If the temperature rises too quickly, the internal heat cannot be dissipated in time, which can easily trigger an ignition reaction. Therefore, the waste generated during the CMC preparation process contains a large amount of unreacted organic solvents, low molecular weight polymers, and flammable gases produced by cracking, posing a high flammability risk.

[0004] Currently, the industry lacks a systematic and safe solution for handling the flammable waste generated during CMC preparation. Existing technologies mainly suffer from the following shortcomings: First, the lack of effective detection and classification methods for flammable components in waste materials makes it impossible to accurately determine the hazard level of waste materials, resulting in safety hazards in the treatment process.

[0005] Secondly, the existing cleaning methods are limited and cannot effectively remove flammable waste materials remaining on the mold surface, and there is a lack of a mechanism for detecting and providing feedback on the cleaning effect.

[0006] Third, for the incineration of high-concentration flammable waste materials, existing equipment lacks multi-level safety protection design, and is prone to explosion accidents due to pressure accumulation or temperature runaway during the incineration process.

[0007] Fourth, existing processing technologies are mostly intermittent operations, which cannot achieve continuous operation, resulting in low processing efficiency and difficulty in meeting the needs of large-scale production.

[0008] Therefore, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for treating flammable waste materials in CMC preparation to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for treating flammable waste materials in CMC preparation, so as to solve the problems of poor safety, low treatment efficiency and lack of systematic classification and treatment schemes in the treatment of the above-mentioned waste materials.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A device for treating flammable waste materials in CMC preparation includes: The outer wall of the circular mandrel mold has residual defective material. A brush cleaning machine for cleaning the circular mandrel mold, wherein the bottom of the brush cleaning machine is provided with a slag outlet and a recyclable material outlet for discharging different materials; A height detection component used to detect the diameter of the cleaned circular mandrel mold; Concentration detection component used to detect the concentration of flammable materials in waste generated during cleaning; High-temperature incineration components used for high-temperature incineration of highly concentrated flammable waste.

[0011] Preferably, the brush cleaning machine further includes a conveyor belt, a cleaning steel wire brush, and a cleaning soft brush. The conveyor belt is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the brush cleaning machine. The cleaning steel wire brush and the cleaning soft brush are rotatably connected to the upper part of the brush cleaning machine and located above the conveyor belt. The cleaning steel wire brush is located at the front end of the cleaning soft brush. The height detection component includes a height detection machine and a circulation line. The height detection machine is installed on the top of the circulation line and is used to detect the diameter of the circular mandrel mold. The concentration detection component includes a flammable material concentration testing chamber and a concentration sensor. The concentration sensor is installed on the outer wall of the flammable material concentration testing chamber and is used to detect the flammable material concentration of the material. The high-temperature combustion component includes an inner furnace core, an outer furnace chamber, a lifting system, a transmission system, and an ignition device. The ignition device is installed on the upper part of the inner furnace core, and the transmission system is installed on the top of the ignition device. The inner furnace core is telescopically mounted on the upper part of the outer furnace chamber via the lifting system; The inner furnace core has a feeding door at the top of its outer wall, a primary safety valve on its outer wall, a slag discharge port at the bottom of its outer wall, and a secondary safety vent at the bottom of its outer wall.

[0012] A method for treating flammable waste materials in CMC preparation includes the following steps: Step A: Brush cleaning: Place the round mandrel mold on the conveyor belt. First, use a cleaning wire brush to roughly clean the outer wall of the round mandrel mold to remove surface defects and residual materials. Then, a fine cleaning is performed using a soft-bristled brush to remove any minor, defective material from the mold surface.

[0013] Step B: Waste sorting and collection: Filter and separate the substandard materials generated from the cleaning in Step A to separate the reusable qualified slurry and flammable waste residue. Qualified slurry is discharged and recycled through the renewable material outlet, while unqualified flammable waste residue is discharged through the slag outlet.

[0014] Step C: Mold height detection: The height of the outer wall of the circular mandrel mold after cleaning in step A is detected. The diameter of the circular mandrel mold is 70mm, and the positive error of the detection is 0.5mm. If the measured diameter exceeds 70.5mm, the mold is considered unqualified and should be placed back into the brush cleaning machine for further cleaning.

[0015] Step D: Waste Concentration Detection and Classification: The concentration of flammable waste residue discharged in Step B is detected, and the flammability of the combustibles is analyzed. When the concentration of flammable material is below 0.2%, it is classified as safe waste; when the concentration of flammable material is above 0.2%, it is classified as hazardous waste and sent to the inner furnace core for high-temperature incineration.

[0016] Step E: High-temperature incineration treatment: Hazardous waste with a concentration higher than 0.2% is introduced into the inner furnace core through the feed furnace door, with a single processing volume not exceeding 0.1 cubic meters; The feeding furnace door is closed, and the lifting system descends to close the inner furnace core and the outer furnace chamber. Based on the types of flammable materials detected by the concentration sensor, multiple temperature points are set in the control program as zoned control nodes for material combustion. The ignition device is activated to incinerate the waste until it is converted into slag.

[0017] Step F: Slag Discharge: After incineration is completed, the lifting system rises to the top, and the slag in the inner furnace core is discharged from the slag discharge port.

[0018] Preferably, in step E, the inner furnace core is divided into 5 mutually isolated areas to avoid explosions caused by the concentrated combustion of multiple materials and the resulting untimely exhaust.

[0019] Preferably, in step E, a first-level safety valve is installed on the outer wall of the inner furnace core, and the furnace pressure is set to 15 MPa. When the critical point is exceeded, the safety valve automatically opens for direct discharge.

[0020] Preferably, in step E, a secondary safety vent is provided at the bottom of the inner furnace core. When the pressure of the inner furnace core is too high, the lifting system rises directly to increase the actual volume of the furnace cavity and reduce the risk of explosion.

[0021] Preferably, in step E, the limit of processing a single volume of no more than 0.1 cubic meters is defined as the explosion-proof warning line.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention detects and classifies waste materials by concentration, separating high-concentration flammable waste from safe waste, thus reducing safety risks in the treatment process from the source. At the same time, by setting up multi-level safety devices such as primary safety valves and secondary safety gas channels, as well as an explosion-proof warning line with a single treatment volume not exceeding 0.1 cubic meters, it effectively prevents explosion accidents during the incineration process.

[0023] 2. This invention achieves continuous processing of waste materials from cleaning and testing to incineration through the coordinated operation of a continuous production line, which greatly improves processing efficiency and meets the needs of large-scale production.

[0024] 3. This invention uses a height detection component to detect the diameter of the cleaned mold. Unqualified molds are automatically returned to the cleaning machine for re-cleaning, thus achieving closed-loop quality detection and ensuring consistent cleaning results.

[0025] 4. The high-temperature combustion component of this invention adopts a double-layer structure design of inner furnace core and outer furnace chamber, combined with a first-level safety valve (15 MPa critical value), a second-level safety gas duct, and a lifting system for emergency lifting, to ensure the safety of the combustion process.

[0026] 5. This invention reduces material waste and lowers production costs by filtering and separating cleaning waste and recycling reusable slurry. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the circular mandrel mold of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the brush cleaning machine of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the brush cleaning machine of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the height detection machine components of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the flammable substance concentration testing chamber of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the high-temperature incineration component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the outer wall of the inner furnace core of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Circular mandrel mold; 2. Defective scrap material; 3. Brush cleaning machine; 4. Conveyor belt; 5. Cleaning steel wire brush; 6. Cleaning soft brush; 7. Slag outlet; 8. Recyclable material outlet; 9. Height detection machine; 10. Circulation line; 11. Flammable material concentration testing chamber; 12. Concentration sensor; 13. Inner furnace core; 14. Outer furnace chamber; 15. Lifting system; 16. Transmission system; 17. Ignition device; 18. Feed furnace door; 19. Primary safety valve; 20. Slag outlet; 21. Secondary safety vent. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] A device for treating flammable waste materials in CMC preparation, as shown in the attached document. Figure 1-7 As shown, it includes: Circular mandrel mold 1, with residual defective material 2 remaining on its outer wall; A brush cleaning machine 3 is used to clean a circular mandrel mold 1. The bottom of the brush cleaning machine 3 is provided with a slag outlet 7 and a recyclable material outlet 8 for discharging different materials. Height detection component used to detect the diameter of the cleaned circular mandrel mold 1; Concentration detection component used to detect the concentration of flammable materials in waste generated during cleaning; High-temperature incineration components used for high-temperature incineration of highly concentrated flammable waste.

[0031] As attached Figure 1-7 As shown, the brush cleaning machine 3 also includes a conveyor belt 4, a cleaning steel wire brush 5, and a cleaning soft brush 6. The conveyor belt 4 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the brush cleaning machine 3. The cleaning steel wire brush 5 and the cleaning soft brush 6 are rotatably connected to the upper part of the brush cleaning machine 3 and located above the conveyor belt 4. The cleaning steel wire brush 5 is located at the front end of the cleaning soft brush 6. The height detection component includes a height detection machine 9 and a circulation line 10. The height detection machine 9 is installed on the top of the circulation line 10 and is used to detect the diameter of the circular mandrel mold 1. The concentration detection component includes a flammable material concentration test chamber 11 and a concentration sensor 12. The concentration sensor 12 is installed on the outer wall of the flammable material concentration test chamber 11 and is used to detect the flammable material concentration of the material. The high-temperature combustion component includes an inner furnace core 13, an outer furnace chamber 14, a lifting system 15, a transmission system 16, and an ignition device 17. The ignition device 17 is installed on the upper part of the inner furnace core 13, and the transmission system 16 is installed on the top of the ignition device 17. The inner furnace core 13 is telescopically installed on the upper part of the outer furnace chamber 14 via the lifting system 15; The inner furnace core 13 has a feeding furnace door 18 at the top of its outer wall, a primary safety valve 19 installed on its outer wall, a slag discharge port 20 at the bottom of its outer wall, and a secondary safety air passage 21 at the bottom of its outer wall.

[0032] A method for treating flammable waste materials in CMC preparation includes the following steps: Step A, Brush cleaning: Place the circular mandrel mold 1 on the outer wall of the conveyor belt 4. First, use the cleaning wire brush 5 to roughly clean the outer wall of the circular mandrel mold 1 to remove large particles of defective material from the surface. Then, a fine cleaning is performed using a soft-bristled brush 6 to remove any minor defective material 2 from the surface of the circular mandrel mold 1.

[0033] Step B, Waste sorting and collection: The defective residue 2 generated from the cleaning in step A is filtered and separated to separate the reusable qualified slurry and flammable waste residue. Qualified slurry is discharged and recycled through the renewable material outlet 8, while unqualified flammable waste residue is discharged through the slag outlet 7.

[0034] Step C, Mold Height Inspection: The height of the outer wall of the circular mandrel mold 1 after cleaning in Step A is inspected; The diameter of the circular mandrel mold is 70mm, and the positive error for inspection is 0.5mm; If the measured diameter exceeds 70.5mm, it is a defective mold. The defective circular mandrel mold 1 is then put back into the brush cleaning machine 3 through the circulation line 10 for cleaning again.

[0035] Step D, Waste Concentration Detection and Classification: The concentration of flammable waste residue discharged in Step B is detected by using 6 concentration sensors 12 evenly installed on the outer wall of the flammable material concentration test chamber 11 to analyze the flammability of the combustibles. When the concentration of flammable materials is below 0.2%, it is considered safe waste and can be disposed of directly. When the concentration of flammable material is higher than 0.2%, it is identified as hazardous waste and sent to the inner furnace core 13 for high-temperature incineration.

[0036] Step E, High-temperature incineration treatment: Hazardous waste with a concentration higher than 0.2% is introduced into the inner furnace core 13 through the feed furnace door 18, with a single processing volume not exceeding 0.1 cubic meters; When the feeding furnace door 18 is closed, the lifting system 15 descends, and the inner furnace core 13 and the outer furnace chamber 14 are closed. Based on the type of flammable material detected by the concentration sensor 12, multiple temperature points are set in the control program as zone control nodes for controlling the combustion of materials. Ignition device 17 is activated for combustion. During combustion: The first-level safety valve 19 is set to a furnace pressure of 15 MPa. When the critical point is exceeded, the safety valve will automatically open to allow direct gas discharge. The inner furnace core is divided into 5 isolated areas to prevent explosions caused by insufficient exhaust due to the concentrated combustion of multiple materials; If the furnace core pressure is too high, the lifting system 15 will rise directly to increase the actual volume of the furnace cavity and reduce the risk of explosion. The single processing capacity limit of 0.1 cubic meters is the explosion-proof warning line. Incineration continues until the waste is completely converted into slag.

[0037] Step F, Slag Discharge: After incineration is completed, the slag discharge port 20 is a strip-shaped square opening. The lifting system 15 rises to the top, and the slag in the inner furnace core 13 is discharged from the slag discharge port 20.

[0038] The entire processing of this invention is a continuous production line. The circular mandrel mold 1 is sequentially cleaned by a brush and its height is detected. The waste material is sequentially detected for concentration and incinerated at high temperature. Each process is automatically transferred through a conveyor belt and a circulating line.

[0039] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," which indicate direction or positional relationships, are based on the direction or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are used merely for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for treating flammable waste materials in CMC preparation, characterized in that, include: A circular mandrel mold (1) has residual defective material (2) on its outer wall; A brush cleaning machine (3) is used to clean the circular mandrel mold (1). The bottom of the brush cleaning machine (3) is provided with a slag outlet (7) and a renewable material outlet (8) for discharging different materials. Height detection component used to detect the diameter of the cleaned circular mandrel mold (1); Concentration detection component used to detect the concentration of flammable materials in waste generated during cleaning; High-temperature incineration components used for high-temperature incineration of highly concentrated flammable waste.

2. The apparatus for treating flammable waste materials in CMC preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brush cleaning machine (3) also includes a conveyor belt (4), a cleaning steel wire brush (5), and a cleaning soft brush (6). The conveyor belt (4) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the brush cleaning machine (3). The cleaning steel wire brush (5) and the cleaning soft brush (6) are rotatably connected to the upper part of the brush cleaning machine (3) and located on the upper part of the conveyor belt (4). The cleaning steel wire brush (5) is located at the front end of the cleaning soft brush (6). The height detection component includes a height detection machine (9) and a circulation line (10). The height detection machine (9) is installed on the top of the circulation line (10) and is used to detect the diameter of the circular mandrel mold (1). The concentration detection component includes a flammable material concentration test chamber (11) and a concentration sensor (12). The concentration sensor (12) is installed on the outer wall of the flammable material concentration test chamber (11) and is used to detect the flammable material concentration of the material. The high-temperature combustion component includes an inner furnace core (13), an outer furnace chamber (14), a lifting system (15), a transmission system (16), and an ignition device (17). The ignition device (17) is installed on the upper part of the inner furnace core (13), and the transmission system (16) is installed on the top of the ignition device (17). The inner furnace core (13) is telescopically installed on the upper part of the outer furnace chamber (14) via the lifting system (15); The inner furnace core (13) has a feeding furnace door (18) at the top of its outer wall, a first-level safety valve (19) installed on its outer wall, a slag discharge port (20) at the bottom of its outer wall, and a second-level safety air passage (21) at the bottom of its outer wall.

3. A method for treating flammable waste materials in CMC preparation, comprising the flammable waste material treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step A: Place the circular mandrel mold (1) on the conveyor belt (4) and clean it by passing it through the cleaning wire brush (5) and the cleaning soft brush (6) in sequence to remove the defective material (2) from the surface of the circular mandrel mold (1). Step B: Filter and separate the residual material (2) generated from the cleaning in step A to separate the reusable slurry and flammable waste residue; Step C: The diameter of the circular mandrel mold (1) after cleaning in step A is checked. Molds that fail the test are returned to step one for cleaning again. Step D: Concentration testing of the flammable waste residue discharged in Step B. When the flammable concentration is below 0.2%, it is considered safe waste; when the flammable concentration is above 0.2%, it is considered hazardous waste. Step E: The hazardous waste with a concentration higher than 0.2% in step D is sent into the inner furnace core (13) for high-temperature incineration. During the incineration process, the pressure is controlled by the primary safety valve (19) and the secondary safety gas channel (21) until the waste is converted into slag. Step F: Discharge the slag produced in step E from the slag outlet (20).

4. A method for treating flammable waste materials in CMC preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step C, the diameter of the circular mandrel mold (1) is 70mm, the positive error of the test is 0.5mm, and the measured diameter exceeds 70.5mm, which is a defective mold. The defective circular mandrel mold (1) is put back into the brush cleaning machine (3) for cleaning.

5. A method for treating flammable waste materials in CMC preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step E, the amount of hazardous waste introduced into the inner furnace core (13) at a time does not exceed 0.1 cubic meters.

6. A method for treating flammable waste materials in CMC preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step E, the inner furnace core is divided into 5 mutually isolated areas to prevent several materials from burning together and causing an explosion due to insufficient exhaust.

7. A method for treating flammable waste materials in CMC preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step E, a first-level safety valve (19) is installed on the outer wall of the inner furnace core (13). The furnace pressure is set to 15 MPa. When the critical point is exceeded, the safety valve will automatically open for direct discharge.

8. A method for treating flammable waste materials in CMC preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step E, when the pressure of the inner furnace core (13) is too high, the lifting system is raised to increase the furnace volume and reduce the risk of explosion. The 0.1 cubic meter furnace charge limit is a warning line set for explosion prevention.

9. A method for treating flammable waste materials in CMC preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step E, based on the type of flammable material detected by the concentration sensor (12), multiple temperature points are set as combustion zone control nodes in the control program.

10. A method for treating flammable waste materials in CMC preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The entire process is a continuous operation, with each step being automated via conveyor belts and circulating lines.

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