Intelligent stamping die and process for structural member

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of structural member intelligent stamping die and process, belong to stamping die technical field, it includes: upper die holder, four corner positions are vertically fixed with guide sleeve in its lower end surface;Lower die holder, it is arranged in parallel below upper die holder;Lower backing plate, it is fixed in the upper end surface of lower die holder, the upper end surface of lower backing plate is fixed with lower die plate;Upper clamping plate, it is arranged in parallel below upper die holder, the upper die plate that is arranged in upper clamping plate is docked with lower die plate;Dot matrix die closing unit, it is arranged between upper die holder and upper clamping plate;The dot matrix die closing unit that mainly sets in the application can provide secondary vibration stamping to upper die plate using multiple distributed top shafts, so as to be able to implement fixed point high frequency pulse vibration stamping to difficult forming area according to the complex profile distribution of structural member, so that plate blank can completely fit die profile under lower forming force, realize intelligent step-by-step stamping forming.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of stamping die technology, specifically a smart stamping die and process for structural parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the automotive, aerospace, and precision electronics industries, structural components often feature complex geometric features such as small fillets, high ribs, narrow slots, and bosses, demanding stringent requirements for forming accuracy and surface quality. Currently, traditional stamping technology primarily utilizes rigid die stamping, which forms sheet metal through one or more die-closing operations on a stamping press. This process offers advantages such as high die rigidity, the ability to transmit significant forming pressure, fast forming speed, and high efficiency. However, it suffers from certain drawbacks in stamping complex structural components. For example, rigid die stamping cannot independently adjust the pressure distribution for localized complex features, easily leading to insufficient material stamping in areas such as small fillets and deep ribs, resulting in low dimensional and contour forming accuracy of the structural components and significant material springback. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an intelligent stamping die and process for structural components to address the problems mentioned in the background. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent stamping die for structural components, comprising:

[0004] The upper mold base has guide sleeves vertically fixed at the four corners of its lower end face;

[0005] The lower mold base is positioned parallel to and below the upper mold base;

[0006] The outer guide pillars are vertically fixed at the four corners of the lower mold base, and each of the outer guide pillars is slidably connected to the guide sleeve.

[0007] A lower pad is fixed to the upper end face of the lower mold base, and a lower template is fixed to the upper end face of the lower pad;

[0008] An upper clamping plate is arranged parallel to the lower part of the upper mold base, and an upper template that mates with the lower template is provided in the upper clamping plate;

[0009] A stamping device is installed above the upper die holder and is used to drive the upper die holder to press downwards to close the die.

[0010] A dot matrix mold clamping unit is disposed between the upper mold base and the upper clamping plate, and the lower end of the dot matrix mold clamping unit can abut against the upper end surface of the upper mold plate.

[0011] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, multiple columns are vertically fixed on both the left and right sides of the upper clamping plate, and the upper end of each column is fixed to the upper mold base;

[0012] The upper clamping plate has an installation groove in the middle, and the upper template is vertically slidably assembled in the upper clamping plate through the installation groove; the upper template adopts a soft mold structure.

[0013] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the dot-matrix molding unit includes:

[0014] A reference plate is arranged parallel to the upper clamping plate above it, and the reference plate has a plurality of reference holes evenly distributed therein.

[0015] A top shaft is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with each of the reference holes. Each top shaft is slidably disposed in the reference hole. A support spring is provided on the outer sleeve of the top shaft.

[0016] There are four symmetrically arranged limiting guide posts. All four limiting guide posts are vertically fixed on the upper clamping plate. The upper end of each limiting guide post is fixed through the reference plate, and its lower end is slidably connected to the lower pad plate.

[0017] A stamping plate is horizontally positioned above the reference plate, and the stamping plate is slidably connected to the limiting guide post;

[0018] The flexible guide shafts are arranged in multiple ways, each of which is vertically fixed inside the stamping plate and coaxially distributed with the corresponding top shaft below.

[0019] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a pulse cylinder is fixed to the upper end face of the upper mold base, and the lower end of the pulse cylinder slides through the upper mold base and is fixed to the stamping plate;

[0020] Multiple damping springs are evenly arranged on the lower end face of the reference plate, and the lower end of each damping spring is connected to the upper template.

[0021] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, positioning grooves are respectively provided on the lower left and right sides of the interior of the reference plate, and a positioning block is rotatably connected in each positioning groove, with a steel sleeve eccentrically fixed to the lower end face of the positioning block;

[0022] The steel sleeve has an internal threaded connection with a supporting top column.

[0023] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a transmission rod is horizontally rotatably connected to the reference plate, and each of the positioning blocks is fixed with a bevel gear at the same center. The transmission rod engages with each of the bevel gears through transmission teeth for transmission.

[0024] The supporting top column in the steel sleeve is positioned or removed from the area above the upper template as the positioning block rotates and adjusts.

[0025] Furthermore, preferably, the reference plate is provided with a driving unit, and the output end of the driving unit is fixed to the transmission rod;

[0026] The supporting top column can be replaced with various length specifications, and its length is not greater than the vertical height between the base plate and the upper clamping plate.

[0027] Furthermore, preferably, the flexible guide shaft includes:

[0028] A shaft cylinder sleeve is vertically fixed in the stamping plate. The shaft cylinder sleeve has an upper cavity and a lower cavity distributed vertically, and the upper cavity and the lower cavity are connected by a flow hole.

[0029] The upper end of the plunger rod is slidably and sealingly connected to the lower cavity.

[0030] A piston is slidably disposed in the upper cavity, and magnetorheological fluid is filled between the plunger rod and the piston.

[0031] End sleeve, fixed to the lower end of the plunger rod;

[0032] The excitation coil is disposed in the inner wall of the cylinder liner and located around the flow hole.

[0033] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, an inner spring is provided in the upper cavity above the piston.

[0034] Furthermore, as a preferred option, a smart stamping process for structural components is proposed.

[0035] It includes the following steps:

[0036] S1. Place the pre-treated and sheared sheet blank on top of the lower template and accurately position and correct it;

[0037] S2. The upper die base is driven downward by the stamping device to perform the first soft stamping pre-forming; the upper clamping plate below the upper die base drives the upper template to descend synchronously, and cooperates with the lower template to perform pre-forming stamping on the sheet blank. When the upper template is subjected to the reaction force and slides relative to the upper clamping plate, the soft stamping stroke ends when the support top column on the reference plate contacts and limits the upper template.

[0038] S3. After the first soft stamping, the upper and lower mold plates are not completely closed, and a mold closing gap remains between them. Based on the distribution of complex forming areas of the structural parts, the multi-point array positions where local high pressure needs to be applied are selected. The excitation coil in the flexible guide shaft at the corresponding position is energized, so that the magnetorheological fluid in the flow hole inside it is solidified under the action of the magnetic field. The flexible guide shaft then switches to a rigid state, which can effectively transmit the applied force. The remaining unenergized flexible guide shafts remain in a flexible state and do not participate in this local pressure application.

[0039] S4. The pulse cylinder works in a high-frequency vibration mode, driving the stamping plate to vibrate downwards; the rigid flexible guide shaft transmits the vibration to the lower top shaft, causing it to extend and abut against the upper template, thereby applying high-frequency vibration stamping to the upper template, so that the complex areas of rounded corners and ribs that were not attached to the mold after the first soft stamping receive periodic local dynamic pressure, and the material is gradually and completely formed.

[0040] S5. Repeat S3 and S4, selecting the remaining multi-point array positions for applying local high pressure, until the structural component is fully formed.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0042] In this invention, the upper and lower templates of the soft mold structure can perform the first soft stamping pre-forming, so as to complete the contour pre-forming of the sheet blank with uniform pressure and avoid stress concentration and surface damage. The main set of dot matrix mold closing unit can use multiple distributed top shafts to provide secondary vibration stamping to the upper template, so as to implement fixed-point high-frequency pulse vibration stamping in difficult-to-form areas according to the complex contour distribution of the structural parts, so that the sheet blank can completely fit the mold contour under lower forming force, realizing intelligent step-by-step stamping forming. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper and lower templates in this invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dot matrix molding unit in this invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the reference plate in this invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the top shaft structure distribution in this invention;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the flexible guide shaft in this invention;

[0049] In the diagram: 1. Guide sleeve; 11. Upper mold base; 12. Lower mold base; 13. Outer guide post; 14. Lower pad plate; 15. Lower template; 2. Upper clamping plate; 21. Upper template; 22. Column; 3. Dot matrix mold closing unit; 31. Reference plate; 32. Top shaft; 33. Support spring; 34. Limiting guide post; 35. Stamping plate; 36. Pulse cylinder; 37. Shock-absorbing spring; 4. Flexible guide shaft; 41. Shaft cylinder sleeve; 42. Lower cavity; 43. Flow hole; 44. Piston rod; 45. Piston; 46. Excitation coil; 5. Positioning block; 51. Steel sleeve; 52. Support top post; 53. Transmission rod. Detailed Implementation

[0050] Please see Figures 1-6 In this embodiment of the invention, a smart stamping die for structural components includes:

[0051] The upper mold base 11 has guide sleeves 1 vertically fixed at the four corners of its lower end face;

[0052] The lower mold base 12 is arranged parallel to and below the upper mold base 11;

[0053] The outer guide pillars 13 are vertically fixed at the four corners of the lower mold base 12. Each of the outer guide pillars 13 is slidably connected to the guide sleeves 1. In this way, the upper mold base 11 and the lower mold base 12 form a precise sliding fit with the guide sleeves 1 and the outer guide pillars 13 at the four corners, providing an accurate vertical guide reference for the entire mold closing process and ensuring the parallelism and repeatability of the upper mold base 11 during its downward movement.

[0054] The lower pad 14 is fixed to the upper end face of the lower mold base 12, and the lower template 15 is fixed to the upper end face of the lower pad 14.

[0055] The upper clamping plate 2 is arranged parallel to the lower part of the upper mold base 11, and the upper clamping plate 2 is provided with an upper template 21 that is mated and cooperates with the lower template 15;

[0056] A stamping device (not shown in the figure) is set above the upper die holder 11 and is used to drive the upper die holder 11 to press down and close the die. In the specific stamping operation, the stamping device can drive the upper die holder 11, the upper clamping plate 2 and the upper template 21 to move downward. The upper template 21 and the lower template 15 cooperate to stamp and form the sheet blank.

[0057] The dot matrix mold clamping unit 3 is disposed between the upper mold base 11 and the upper clamping plate 2. The lower end of the dot matrix mold clamping unit 3 can abut against the upper end face of the upper template 11. In this way, the dot matrix mold clamping unit 3 can assist the upper template 21 in secondary stamping during the subsequent stamping process, so that the sheet blank can completely fit the mold contour under a lower forming force, thereby reducing the springback of the structural parts and improving the stamping accuracy.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, multiple columns 22 are vertically fixed on both the left and right sides of the upper clamping plate 2. The upper end of each column 22 is fixed to the upper mold base 11. The upper clamping plate 2 can be pressed downward synchronously with the upper mold base 11 during stamping, so as to drive the upper template 21 to press down and close the mold.

[0059] The upper clamping plate 2 has an installation groove in the middle, and the upper template 21 is vertically slidably assembled in the upper clamping plate 2 through the installation groove. The upper template 21 adopts a soft mold structure and is designed as a punch, while the lower template 15 is a rigid mold and is designed as a die. It should be noted that although the upper template 21 adopts a soft mold structure, the upper template 21 will not undergo structural deformation in conventional stamping, ensuring stamping accuracy.

[0060] In this embodiment, the dot matrix molding unit 3 includes:

[0061] A reference plate 31 is arranged parallel above the upper clamping plate 2, and the reference plate 31 has a plurality of reference holes evenly distributed therein.

[0062] A top shaft 32 is provided in correspondence with each of the reference holes. Each top shaft 32 is slidably disposed in the reference hole. A support spring 33 is sleeved on the top shaft 32. The support spring 33 can use its elasticity to partially retract the top shaft 32 into the reference plate 31 in a natural state.

[0063] The limiting guide post 34 is arranged symmetrically. All four limiting guide posts 34 are vertically fixed on the upper clamping plate 2. The upper end of each limiting guide post 34 is fixed through the reference plate 31, and its lower end is slidably connected to the lower pad plate 14. That is to say, the upper clamping plate 2 is fixed to the reference plate 31 by the four limiting guide posts 34, and the distance between the two remains unchanged.

[0064] A stamping plate 35 is horizontally disposed above the reference plate 31, and the stamping plate 35 is slidably connected to the limiting guide post 34;

[0065] Multiple flexible guide shafts 4 are arranged in a row. Each flexible guide shaft 4 is vertically fixed inside the stamping plate 35 and is coaxially distributed with the corresponding top shaft 32 below. When the stamping plate 35 is driven downward to stamp and form, it gradually approaches the reference plate 31 as it slides along the limiting guide post 34. Thus, the multiple flexible guide shafts 4 can be used to push out the corresponding top shaft 32 in the reference plate 31. The lower end of the top shaft 32 contacts the upper template 21. The multiple top shafts 32 provide a dot matrix high pressure force to the upper template 21, thereby realizing precise secondary forming in local areas. This allows for forced compaction of areas where the sheet blank is not fully attached to the mold (such as fine rounded corners, rib roots, and springback sensitive areas), completing secondary finishing.

[0066] In this embodiment, a pulse cylinder 36 is fixed on the upper end face of the upper mold base 11, and the lower end of the pulse cylinder 36 slides through the upper mold base 11 and is fixed to the stamping plate 35.

[0067] Multiple damping springs 37 are evenly arranged on the lower end face of the reference plate 31, and the lower end of each damping spring 37 is connected to the upper template 21. Specifically, during the initial stamping process, the upper clamping plate 2 below the upper die holder 11 drives the upper template 21 to descend synchronously, and cooperates with the lower template 15 to pre-form the sheet blank. When the upper template 21 and the lower template 15 are initially closed and subjected to reaction force, the upper template 21 and the upper clamping plate 2 slide relative to each other, and the damping springs 37 are gradually compressed to the limit position, and the soft stamping stroke ends.

[0068] Then, the pulse cylinder 36 operates at high frequency, which drives the lower stamping plate 35 to vibrate downward, so that the flexible guide shaft 4 inside transmits the vibration to the lower top shaft 32. Each top shaft 32 can provide high-pressure vibration force in a local area, forming a high-frequency vibration stamping on the upper template 21, which causes the complex areas of the rounded corners and ribs that are not attached to the mold after soft stamping to obtain periodic local dynamic pressure, so that the sheet blank can be gradually and completely formed.

[0069] Through the above stamping die-closing process design, this device can fully form the material in complex areas such as rounded corners and ribs in stamped structural parts, avoid material springback, ensure forming accuracy, realize intelligent stamping die-closing, and can be finely adjusted according to material characteristics and the complexity of structural parts.

[0070] In this embodiment, positioning grooves are respectively opened on the lower left and right sides of the interior of the reference plate 31, and positioning blocks 5 are rotatably connected in each positioning groove. A steel sleeve 51 is eccentrically fixed on the lower end face of the positioning block 5.

[0071] The steel sleeve 51 is internally threaded with a support top column 52, which can be used as a limiting guide column to limit the displacement of the upper template 21 relative to the reference plate 31 during the initial mold closing process.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, a transmission rod 53 is horizontally rotatably connected to the reference plate 31, and each of the positioning blocks 5 is fixed with a bevel gear (not shown in the figure) at the same center. The transmission rod 53 is driven by the transmission teeth meshing with each of the bevel gears. With this arrangement, the two positioning blocks 5 can be adjusted synchronously as the transmission rod 53 rotates.

[0073] The support top column 52 in the steel sleeve 51 is positioned or removed from the area above the upper template 21 as the positioning block 5 rotates and adjusts. When the support top column 52 is in the area above the upper template 21, the support top column 52 can limit the displacement of the upper template 21 relative to the reference plate 31. The upper template 21 and the lower template 15 are not completely closed, thereby providing a mold-closing loading space for subsequent secondary stamping.

[0074] When the support column 52 disengages from the area above the upper template 21, the upper template 21 can generate the maximum displacement relative to the reference plate 31 during the initial stamping and die-closing process. This minimizes the die-closing pressure between the upper template 21 and the lower template 15, resulting in minimal changes to the material's initial impact profile. This avoids early damage to thin sheet materials, preventing wrinkling or tearing, and provides maximum die-closing loading space for subsequent secondary stamping. Precise adjustment of the die-closing loading space allows for various stamping die-closing processes. For example, a maximum die-closing loading space results in a large secondary die-closing forming volume on the upper template 21, suitable for correcting high-strength materials or areas with high springback; conversely, a small die-closing loading space results in a small secondary die-closing forming volume, suitable for thin sheets or soft materials requiring only minor correction.

[0075] In this embodiment, the reference plate 31 is provided with a driving part (not shown in the figure), and the output end of the driving part is fixed to the transmission rod 53;

[0076] The supporting top column 52 can be replaced with various length specifications, and its length is not greater than the vertical height between the reference plate 31 and the upper clamping plate 2. Among them, if the supporting top column 52 has a length equal to the vertical height between the reference plate 31 and the upper clamping plate 2, when the supporting top column 52 is in the area above the upper template 21, it can restrict the upper template 21 from displacing relative to the reference plate 31, so that the upper template 21 and the lower template 15 can be completely closed during the stamping process, realizing conventional stamping forming.

[0077] In this embodiment, the flexible guide shaft 4 includes:

[0078] The cylinder sleeve 41 is vertically fixed in the stamping plate 35. The cylinder sleeve 41 has an upper cavity and a lower cavity 42 distributed vertically. The upper cavity and the lower cavity 42 are connected by a flow hole 43.

[0079] The upper end of the plunger rod 44 is slidably and sealingly connected in the lower cavity 42;

[0080] Piston 45 is slidably disposed in the upper cavity, and magnetorheological fluid is filled between the plunger rod 44 and piston 45;

[0081] An end sleeve is fixed to the lower end of the plunger rod 44;

[0082] An excitation coil 46 is disposed within the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve 41 and located around the flow hole 43. Utilizing the rheological properties of the magnetorheological fluid under a magnetic field, the rigidity and flexibility of the flexible guide shaft 4 are adjusted by controlling the on / off state of the excitation coil 46. Specifically, when the excitation coil 46 is energized, it generates a strong magnetic field around the flow hole 43. The viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid flowing through the flow hole 43 increases sharply, transforming into a near-solid or high-viscosity semi-solid state, completely locking the flow. At this time, the magnetorheological fluid in the upper cavity and lower cavity 42 cannot generate relative flow, and the plunger... The rod 44 maintains a constant extension, and the flexible guide shaft 4 achieves a rigid effect as a whole. During the downward stamping process of the stamping plate 35, the flexible guide shaft 4 pushes the corresponding top shaft 32 downward, and multiple top shafts 32 apply a dot matrix local stamping and mold closing force to the upper template 21. When the excitation coil 46 is de-energized, the magnetorheological fluid in the upper cavity and lower cavity 42 of the corresponding flexible guide shaft 4 is in a flexible flow state. The flexible guide shaft 4 is flexible as a whole. During the downward stamping process of the stamping plate 35, the flexible guide shaft 4 contacts the top shaft 32, and the plunger rod 44 can slide upward and retract into the shaft cylinder sleeve 41.

[0083] Therefore, based on the above, in this device, during the secondary die-closing stamping process, the rigidity and flexibility switching of multiple flexible guide shafts 4 can be individually controlled to achieve flexible adjustment of the local high-pressure die-closing point during the secondary die-closing process;

[0084] Ideally, the secondary die-forming process can be further divided into multiple die-forming steps, in which different positions and numbers of flexible guide shafts 4 are activated to enter a rigid state, thereby completing high-precision die-forming of complex surfaces.

[0085] In this embodiment, an inner spring is provided in the upper cavity above the piston 45.

[0086] A smart stamping process for structural components includes the following steps:

[0087] S1. Place the pre-treated and sheared sheet blank above the lower template 15 and accurately position and correct it;

[0088] S2. The upper die holder 11 is driven downward by the stamping device to perform the first soft stamping pre-forming; the upper clamping plate 2 below the upper die holder 11 drives the upper template 21 to descend synchronously, and cooperates with the lower template 15 to perform pre-forming stamping on the sheet blank. When the upper template 21 is subjected to the reaction force and slides relative to the upper clamping plate 2, the damping spring 37 is gradually compressed to the limit position, and the soft stamping stroke ends.

[0089] S3. After the first soft stamping, the upper mold plate 21 and the lower mold plate 15 are not completely closed, and a mold closing gap is left between them. According to the distribution of complex forming areas of the structural parts, the multi-point array position where local high pressure needs to be applied is selected. The excitation coil 46 in the flexible guide shaft 4 at the corresponding position is energized, so that the magnetorheological fluid in the internal flow hole 43 is solidified under the action of the magnetic field. The flexible guide shaft 4 then switches to a rigid state, which can effectively transmit the applied force. The other unenergized flexible guide shafts 4 remain in a flexible state and do not participate in this local pressure application.

[0090] S4. The pulse cylinder 36 operates in a high-frequency vibration mode, driving the stamping plate 35 to vibrate downwards; the rigid flexible guide shaft 4 transmits the vibration to the lower top shaft 32, causing it to extend and abut against the upper template 21, thereby performing high-frequency vibration stamping on the upper template 21, so that the complex areas of rounded corners and ribs that were not attached to the mold after the first soft stamping receive periodic local dynamic pressure, and the material is gradually and completely formed.

[0091] S5. Repeat S3 and S4, selecting the remaining multi-point array positions for applying local high pressure, until the structural component is fully formed.

[0092] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart stamping die for structural components, characterized in that, It includes: The upper mold base (11) has guide sleeves (1) vertically fixed at the four corners of its lower end face. The lower mold base (12) is arranged parallel to the lower part of the upper mold base (11); The outer guide post (13) is vertically fixed at the four corners of the lower mold base (12), and each of the outer guide posts (13) is slidably connected to the guide sleeve (1); The lower pad (14) is fixed to the upper end face of the lower mold base (12), and the lower template (15) is fixed to the upper end face of the lower pad (14). The upper clamping plate (2) is arranged parallel to the lower part of the upper mold base (11), and the upper clamping plate (2) is provided with an upper template (21) that is mated and cooperates with the lower template (15). A stamping device is provided above the upper mold base (11) for driving the upper mold base (11) to press downwards to close the mold; A dot matrix mold clamping unit (3) is disposed between the upper mold base (11) and the upper clamping plate (2), and the lower end of the dot matrix mold clamping unit (3) can abut against the upper end surface of the upper mold plate (11).

2. The intelligent stamping die for structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple columns (22) are vertically fixed on both the left and right sides of the upper clamping plate (2), and the upper end of each column (22) is fixed to the upper mold base (11); The upper clamping plate (2) has an installation groove in the middle, and the upper template (21) is vertically slidably assembled in the upper clamping plate (2) through the installation groove; the upper template (21) adopts a soft mold structure.

3. The intelligent stamping die for structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dot matrix molding unit (3) includes: A reference plate (31) is arranged parallel above the upper clamping plate (2), and the reference plate (31) has a plurality of reference holes evenly distributed therein; The top shaft (32) is provided in correspondence with each of the reference holes. Each top shaft (32) is slidably disposed in the reference hole. The top shaft (32) is sleeved with a support spring (33). The limiting guide post (34) is four in a symmetrical arrangement. All four limiting guide posts (34) are vertically fixed on the upper clamping plate (2). The upper end of each limiting guide post (34) is fixed through the reference plate (31), and its lower end is slidably connected to the lower pad plate (14). A stamping plate (35) is horizontally positioned above the reference plate (31), and the stamping plate (35) is slidably connected to the limiting guide post (34); The flexible guide shafts (4) are arranged in multiple ways. Each of the flexible guide shafts (4) is vertically fixed inside the stamping plate (35) and is coaxially distributed with the corresponding top shaft (32) below.

4. The intelligent stamping die for structural components according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pulse cylinder (36) is fixed on the upper end face of the upper mold base (11), and the lower end of the pulse cylinder (36) slides through the upper mold base (11) and is fixed to the stamping plate (35). Multiple shock-absorbing springs (37) are evenly arranged on the lower end face of the reference plate (31), and the lower end of each shock-absorbing spring (37) is connected to the upper template (21).

5. The intelligent stamping die for structural components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reference plate (31) has positioning grooves on the lower left and right sides, and each positioning groove is rotatably connected to a positioning block (5). The lower end face of the positioning block (5) is eccentrically fixed with a steel sleeve (51). The steel sleeve (51) is internally threaded with a support top column (52).

6. The intelligent stamping die for structural components according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reference plate (31) is horizontally rotatably connected to a transmission rod (53), and each of the positioning blocks (5) is fixed with a bevel gear at the same center. The transmission rod (53) meshes with each of the bevel gears through the transmission teeth. The supporting top column (52) in the steel sleeve (51) is positioned or removed from the area above the upper template during the rotation adjustment of the positioning block (5).

7. The intelligent stamping die for structural components according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reference plate (31) is provided with a driving unit, and the output end of the driving unit is fixed to the transmission rod (53); The supporting top column (52) can be replaced with various length specifications, and its length is not greater than the vertical height between the base plate (31) and the upper clamping plate (2).

8. The intelligent stamping die for structural components according to claim 5, characterized in that, The flexible guide shaft (4) includes: A shaft cylinder sleeve (41) is vertically fixed in the stamping plate (35). The shaft cylinder sleeve (41) is provided with an upper cavity and a lower cavity (42) distributed vertically. The upper cavity and the lower cavity (42) are connected by a flow hole (43). The upper end of the plunger rod (44) is slidably and sealingly connected in the lower cavity (42); The piston (45) is slidably disposed in the upper cavity, and the space between the plunger rod (44) and the piston (45) is filled with magnetorheological fluid; End sleeve, fixed to the lower end of the plunger rod (44); The excitation coil (46) is disposed in the inner wall of the shaft cylinder sleeve (41) and located around the flow hole (43).

9. The intelligent stamping die for structural components according to claim 8, characterized in that: An inner spring is provided in the upper cavity above the piston (45).

10. A smart stamping process for structural components, which employs a smart stamping die for structural components as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Place the pre-treated and sheared sheet blank above the lower template (15) and accurately position and correct it; S2. The upper die holder (11) is driven downward by the stamping device to perform the first soft stamping pre-forming; the upper clamping plate (2) below the upper die holder (11) drives the upper template (21) to descend synchronously, and cooperates with the lower template (15) to perform pre-forming stamping on the sheet blank. When the upper template (21) is subjected to the reaction force and slides relative to the upper clamping plate (2), the damping spring (37) is gradually compressed to the limit position, and the soft stamping stroke ends. S3. After the first soft stamping, the upper template (21) and the lower template (15) are not completely closed, and there is a mold closing gap between them. According to the distribution of the complex forming area of ​​the structural part, the multi-point array position that needs to be applied with local high pressure is selected. The excitation coil (46) in the flexible guide shaft (4) at the corresponding position is energized, so that the magnetorheological fluid in the internal flow hole (43) is solidified under the action of the magnetic field. The flexible guide shaft (4) then switches to a rigid state, which can effectively transmit the applied force. The other unenergized flexible guide shafts (4) remain in a flexible state and do not participate in this local pressure application. S4. The pulse cylinder (36) operates in a high-frequency vibration mode, driving the stamping plate (35) to vibrate downwards; the flexible guide shaft (4) in a rigid state transmits the vibration to the lower top shaft (32), causing it to extend and abut against the upper template (21), thereby performing high-frequency vibration stamping on the upper template (21), so that the complex areas of rounded corners and ribs that were not attached to the mold after the first soft stamping receive periodic local dynamic pressure, and the material is gradually and completely formed. S5. Repeat S3 and S4, selecting the remaining multi-point array positions for applying local high pressure, until the structural component is fully formed.

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