A printing apparatus and a forming method for ultrafast laser-continuous laser hybrid additive manufacturing

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of printing equipment and forming method for ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing, including support frame, X axis linear module, Y axis linear module, continuous optical mechanism, ultrafast laser, mirror, ultrafast optical mechanism, multiple nanometer material sprayer;X axis linear module is respectively installed in support frame inside two sides, Y axis linear module is installed between the slider of two sets of X axis linear module;Ultrafast laser is installed on the side plate of support frame, mirror, ultrafast optical mechanism and multiple nanometer material sprayer are installed on Y axis linear module, the light beam emitted by ultrafast laser is input to ultrafast optical mechanism by mirror, ultrafast optical mechanism and multiple nanometer material sprayer can reciprocate along Y axis direction, and multiple nanometer material sprayer is located in the side below of ultrafast optical mechanism.The present application realizes the cooperative work of double optical mechanism, to realize the accurate manufacturing of multiple materials, multiple levels, multiple functional areas, improve manufacturing efficiency and part performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of additive manufacturing equipment technology, and in particular relates to a printing device and forming method for ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] 3D laser printing equipment employs selective laser melting technology, a primary technique in additive manufacturing of metal materials. Traditional 3D printing uses continuous lasers as the energy source. While continuous lasers can rapidly melt materials and offer high processing efficiency, their processing accuracy is relatively low, requiring secondary processing to ensure usability. Ultrafast lasers, on the other hand, possess cold-processing characteristics; their extremely short pulses generate virtually no heat-affected zone, resulting in high precision.

[0003] Traditional equipment relies solely on a fixed galvanometer optical system to achieve selective melting, which cannot complete the integrated manufacturing of different materials (especially multi-dimensional nanomaterials) within the same manufacturing cycle. This results in parts being limited to a single metal material, failing to meet the design requirements for localized high performance and restricting the manufacturing capability of complex structural parts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention proposes a printing device and forming method for ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing. By integrating a fixed continuous optical mechanism and a movable ultrafast optical mechanism, the ultrafast optical mechanism can be precisely moved to a predetermined position for local fine processing or multi-material addition. This enables the dual optical mechanisms to work collaboratively, thereby achieving precise manufacturing of multi-material, multi-level, and multi-functional areas, improving manufacturing efficiency and part performance. It also solves the problem in the prior art of not being able to flexibly control laser parameters and processing positions during the same construction process.

[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows: a printing device for ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing, comprising a support frame, an X-axis linear module, a Y-axis linear module, a continuous optical mechanism, an ultrafast laser, a reflector, an ultrafast optical mechanism, and a multi-element nanomaterial ejector; The X-axis linear modules are respectively installed on both sides of the support frame, and the Y-axis linear module is installed between the sliders of the two sets of X-axis linear modules. The continuous optical mechanism is mounted on the top of the support frame; the ultrafast laser is mounted on the side plate of the support frame; the reflector, the ultrafast optical mechanism, and the multi-element nanomaterial jet are all mounted on the Y-axis linear module; the beam emitted by the ultrafast laser is input to the ultrafast optical mechanism through the reflector; the ultrafast optical mechanism and the multi-element nanomaterial jet can reciprocate along the Y-axis; the multi-element nanomaterial jet is located below the side of the ultrafast optical mechanism.

[0006] In the above technical solution, preferably, the nozzle of the multi-element nanomaterial injector is 3-5 mm away from the printing surface.

[0007] In the above technical solution, preferably, the device further includes a lifting mechanism for controlling the lifting of the substrate and a squeegee powder spreading mechanism for evenly spreading powder raw materials on the substrate for printing.

[0008] In the above technical solution, preferably, the support frame and the cylinder are sealed together, so that the entire printing process is carried out under inert gas.

[0009] In the above technical solution, preferably, an X-axis grating ruler is installed on the X-axis linear module. The X-axis grating ruler includes an X-axis grating ruler body and an X-axis encoder reading head. The X-axis grating ruler body is fixedly installed on the corresponding flight axis linear module. The X-axis grating ruler body is composed of grating lines engraved with absolute codes. The X-axis encoder reading head cooperates with the X-axis grating ruler body to measure the mechanical displacement of the corresponding X-axis.

[0010] In the above technical solution, preferably, a Y-axis grating ruler is installed on the Y-axis linear module. The Y-axis grating ruler includes a Y-axis grating ruler body and a Y-axis encoder reading head. The Y-axis grating ruler body is fixedly installed on the corresponding flight axis linear module. The Y-axis grating ruler body is composed of grating lines engraved with absolute codes. The Y-axis encoder reading head cooperates with the Y-axis grating ruler body to measure the mechanical displacement of the corresponding Y-axis.

[0011] In the above technical solution, preferably, the X-axis linear module includes an X-axis servo motor, an X-axis linear guide, and an X-axis slider. The two ends of the Y-axis linear module are respectively connected to the corresponding X-axis sliders, and the X-axis encoder reading head is electrically connected to the corresponding X-axis servo motor.

[0012] In the above technical solution, preferably, the Y-axis linear module includes a Y-axis servo motor, a Y-axis linear guide, a Y-axis slider, an ultrafast optical mechanism and a multi-element nanomaterial injector mounted on the corresponding Y-axis slider, and the Y-axis encoder reading head is electrically connected to the corresponding Y-axis servo motor.

[0013] A printing method for ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing includes the following steps: S1. Import the workpiece model with position coordinates into the control system, slice the model and divide it into workpiece printing zones and individual optical mechanism printing zones; after dividing the fixed continuous optical mechanism scanning area, the control system starts the printing task. S2. The doctor blade powder spreading mechanism spreads powder. After the powder spreading is completed, the continuous optical mechanism is activated. Based on the slicing data, it quickly scans and melts the outline and internal structure of the main body of the part in the current layer. After all the workpiece printing partitions of the current target layer are scanned, the substrate is precisely lowered by a layer thickness. S3. The control system then instructs the X-axis linear module and Y-axis linear module to carry the multi-dimensional nanomaterial sprayers on them to move precisely to the predetermined coordinate position where the current layer needs to be specially processed, and spray them according to the planned route. After the multi-dimensional nanomaterial is sprayed, the control system again instructs the X-axis linear module and Y-axis linear module to drive the ultrafast optical mechanism to move precisely to the processing coordinate position of the multi-dimensional nanomaterial, and use the ultrafast optical mechanism in combination with ultrafast laser to sinter the multi-dimensional nanomaterial. S4. If the current target layer is printed, the control system will continue to build the next layer; if "No", the process will return to step S3, and the ultrafast optical mechanism will continue to locate and process the next functional area until all the designed special areas of this layer are processed. S5. The substrate is precisely lowered by a layer thickness before printing; the continuous optical mechanism and the ultrafast optical mechanism are printed alternately. S6. The control system checks whether the number of layers already built is consistent with the total number of slices. If "no", it continues to print a new layer and builds the part layer by layer. If "yes", the entire additive manufacturing process ends and enters the post-processing stage.

[0014] In the above technical solution, preferably, the powder spreading volume in a single reciprocating motion is V. 铺粉 V 铺粉 =h×W×L, where h is the powder thickness, W is the powder width, and L is the scraper stroke.

[0015] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are: 1. This invention integrates traditional selective melting equipment with X and Y axis linear modules to construct a hybrid additive manufacturing system with dual optical systems. This enables the layered and zoned manufacturing of a single metal matrix and multiple special nanomaterials for the same part, breaking through the limitations of a single process, expanding the equipment design and manufacturing capabilities, and improving the local and overall performance of the part materials.

[0016] 2. The hybrid additive manufacturing equipment structure of the present invention integrates a continuous optical mechanism and a moving ultrafast optical mechanism. Through precise control of the moving ultrafast optical mechanism, the ultrafast optical mechanism can be precisely moved to a predetermined position for local fine processing or multi-material addition. This enables the dual optical mechanisms to work together, thereby achieving precise manufacturing of multi-material, multi-level, and multi-functional areas, improving manufacturing efficiency and part performance, and solving the problem in the prior art that it is impossible to flexibly control laser parameters and processing positions in the same construction process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a top view of the printing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2This is a bottom view of the printing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the printing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view of the printing device displaying an ultrafast laser provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view of the printing device provided in this embodiment of the invention, displaying the combination of continuous laser and ultrafast laser. Figure 6 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of ultrafast laser printing in the middle-Brow direction; Figure 7 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of ultrafast laser printing in the AA direction.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 2. X-axis linear module; 21. X-axis servo motor; 22. X-axis grating ruler body; 23. X-axis encoder reading head; 3. Y-axis linear module; 31. Y-axis servo motor; 32. Y-axis grating ruler body; 33. Y-axis encoder reading head; 4. Ultrafast optical mechanism; 5. Ultrafast laser; 51. Beam; 6. Reflector; 7. Continuous optical mechanism; 8. Lifting mechanism; 81. Substrate; 82. Piston; 83. Cylinder; 9. Scraper powder spreading mechanism; 10. Multi-element nanomaterial injector. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To further understand the content, features, and effects of this invention, the following embodiments are provided, and detailed descriptions are given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] Please see Figures 1 to 7 The present invention provides a printing device for ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing, including a support frame 1, an X-axis linear module 2, a Y-axis linear module 3, a continuous optical mechanism 7, an ultrafast laser 5, a reflector 6, an ultrafast optical mechanism 4, and a multi-element nanomaterial ejector 10.

[0022] The X-axis linear modules 2 are respectively installed on the top of both sides inside the support frame 1, and the Y-axis linear module 3 is installed below the sliders between the two sets of X-axis linear modules 2. The two sets of X-axis linear modules 2 can drive the Y-axis linear module 3, the ultrafast optical mechanism 4, and the multi-element nanomaterial ejector 10 to reciprocate along the X direction, increasing the stability of the structure. By cooperating with the X-axis linear modules 2 and Y-axis linear modules 3, the material ejected by the multi-element nanomaterial ejector 10 and the beam output by the ultrafast optical mechanism 4 can cover the entire substrate area, ensuring that the entire substrate area can be processed.

[0023] The continuous optical mechanism 7 is installed on the top of the support frame 1 and can print the entire substrate area; one or more sets can be set to ensure the processing of the entire substrate area.

[0024] The ultrafast laser 5 is mounted on the side plate of the support frame 1. The reflector 6, the ultrafast optical mechanism 4, and the multi-dimensional nanomaterial jet 10 are all mounted on the Y-axis linear module 3. The beam 51 emitted by the ultrafast laser 5 is input to the ultrafast optical mechanism 4 through the reflector 6. The ultrafast optical mechanism 4 and the multi-dimensional nanomaterial jet 10 can reciprocate along the Y-axis direction. The multi-dimensional nanomaterial jet 10 is located below the side of the ultrafast optical mechanism 4.

[0025] The ultrafast laser 5 is the printing energy output element. It irradiates the reflector 6 and adjusts the optical path through the reflector 6 to input the beam into the ultrafast optical mechanism 4. The ultrafast optical mechanism 4 can process the light source input from the ultrafast laser 5 to form an ultrafast printing beam, which serves as the printing energy source. The Y-axis linear module 3 can drive the ultrafast optical mechanism 4 and the multi-element nanomaterial ejector 10 to reciprocate along the Y-axis.

[0026] The reflector 6 is a device that changes the propagation direction of the ultrafast laser, ensuring that the ultrafast laser, after originating from the ultrafast laser 5, can accurately reach the target scanning area of ​​the printing surface, thus guaranteeing the scanning coverage and positioning accuracy of the ultrafast laser. The ultrafast laser 5 emits the ultrafast laser through the laser head to the reflector 6. The ultrafast laser 5 and the reflector 6 work together to accurately guide the ultrafast laser to the designated area of ​​the printing surface, and the coverage range is perfectly matched with the equipment manufacturing requirements.

[0027] The continuous optical mechanism 7 and the ultrafast optical mechanism 4 need to alternate in printing. The continuous optical mechanism 7 performs single-layer printing for rapid prototyping first, while the ultrafast optical mechanism 4 performs high-precision printing, enabling parts to be formed quickly and with high precision, reducing subsequent processing. Based on the characteristics of continuous and ultrafast lasers, the continuous laser is mainly responsible for rapid prototyping during the printing process, while the ultrafast laser is used for surface structure processing or defect repair. The two lasers work together to achieve efficient printing of high-precision parts.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, the nozzle of the multi-nanomaterial jetter 10 is 3-5mm away from the printing surface to ensure uniform and rapid powder spreading.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the device further includes a lifting mechanism 8 for controlling the lifting of the substrate and a squeegee powder spreading mechanism 9 for uniformly spreading powder material on the substrate for printing.

[0030] Specifically, the lifting mechanism 8 includes a base plate 81, a piston 82, a drive mechanism, and a cylinder 83. The base plate 81 and the piston 82 are located inside the cylinder 83. The part is printed on the base plate 81. The base plate 81 is fixed to the top of the piston 82. The drive mechanism drives the piston 82 to move up and down. When one layer is printed, the piston 82 drives the base plate 81 to descend by a fixed layer thickness before the next printing is performed.

[0031] The doctor blade powder spreading mechanism 9 is a feeding device that can evenly spread powder raw materials on the substrate 81 for printing. The doctor blade powder spreading mechanism 9 pre-spreads powder on the substrate 81 to ensure uniform powder distribution. The continuous optical mechanism 7 performs forming processing, and the part is printed on the substrate 81. The piston 82 can drive the substrate 81 to rise and fall. After the continuous optical mechanism 7 finishes printing one layer, the piston 82 drives the substrate 81 to fall by a fixed layer thickness. The multi-element nanomaterial ejector 10 starts spreading powder. After the powder spreading is completed, the ultrafast laser 5 emits light, which is input into the ultrafast optical mechanism 4 through the reflector 6. The ultrafast optical mechanism 4 performs high-precision processing and printing. In this way, the continuous optical mechanism 7 and the ultrafast optical mechanism 4 alternately print, which can ensure high precision while printing at high speed.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the support frame 1 and the cylinder 83 are sealed together, so that the entire printing process is carried out under inert gas to prevent dust explosion.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, an X-axis absolute grating ruler is installed on the X-axis linear module 2. The X-axis absolute grating ruler includes an X-axis grating ruler body 22 and an X-axis encoder reading head 23. The X-axis grating ruler body 22 is fixedly mounted on the corresponding flight axis linear module. The X-axis grating ruler body 22 is composed of grating lines engraved with absolute codes. The grating lines are evenly distributed, and the code at each position is unique. The X-axis encoder reading head 23 cooperates with the X-axis grating ruler body 22 to measure the mechanical displacement of the corresponding X-axis.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, a Y-axis incremental grating ruler is installed on the Y-axis linear module 3. The Y-axis incremental grating ruler includes a Y-axis grating ruler body 32 and a Y-axis encoder reading head 33. The Y-axis grating ruler body 32 is fixedly mounted on the corresponding flight axis linear module. The Y-axis grating ruler body 32 is composed of grating lines engraved with absolute codes. The grating lines are evenly distributed, and the code at each position is unique. The Y-axis encoder reading head 33 cooperates with the Y-axis grating ruler body 32 to measure the mechanical displacement of the corresponding Y-axis.

[0035] The encoder reading head is a measurement and feedback device for the external encoder. It works in conjunction with the grating ruler of the motion axis to perform high-precision displacement and velocity measurement. Specifically, it uses the photoelectric conversion principle to read the changes in mechanical displacement encoded by the grating ruler through a photoelectric detector, converting them into an electrical signal proportional to the displacement, thereby determining the position and providing reliable data support for the control system, thus improving the stability and accuracy of the system.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the X-axis linear module 2 includes an X-axis servo motor 21, an X-axis linear guide, and an X-axis slider. The two ends of the Y-axis linear module 3 are respectively connected to the corresponding X-axis sliders, and the X-axis encoder reading head 23 is electrically connected to the corresponding X-axis servo motor 21.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the Y-axis linear module 3 includes a Y-axis servo motor 31, a Y-axis linear guide, a Y-axis slider, an ultrafast optical mechanism 4, and a multi-element nanomaterial ejector 10 mounted on the corresponding Y-axis slider, and the Y-axis encoder reading head 33 is electrically connected to the corresponding Y-axis servo motor 31.

[0038] A linear module is a precision transmission mechanism based on the principle of linear motion, capable of achieving high-precision, high-speed linear motion, and is used in automated equipment. A servo motor is a type of electric motor specifically designed for precise control of mechanical displacement, speed, and acceleration. It boasts advantages such as precise control, high efficiency, and wide applicability, making it outstanding in automation and precision control fields. The servo motor achieves closed-loop control of the X and Y axes through an external encoder reading head, enabling high-speed and precise adjustment of the axis motion state. A coupling is also installed between the servo motor and the lead screw. A coupling is a mechanical part that connects two shafts or a shaft with other rotating components, primarily used to transmit torque and motion, while compensating for misalignment between shafts, reducing vibration and noise, and providing overload protection. Specifically, the X-axis servo motor 21 is the X-axis motion actuator, and the X-axis encoder reading head 23 is the X-axis displacement measuring mechanism; the Y-axis servo motor 31 is the Y-axis motion actuator, and the Y-axis encoder reading head 33 is the Y-axis displacement measuring mechanism.

[0039] A printing method for ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing includes the following steps: S1. Import the workpiece model with position coordinates into the control system, slice the model and divide it into workpiece printing zones and individual optical mechanism printing zones; after dividing the fixed continuous optical mechanism 7 scanning area, the control system starts the printing task. S2. The squeegee powder spreading mechanism 9 spreads powder. After the powder spreading is completed, the continuous optical mechanism 7 is started. Based on the slicing data, it quickly scans and melts the outline and internal structure of the main body of the part in the current layer. After all the workpiece printing partitions of the current target layer are scanned, the substrate 81 will be precisely lowered by a layer thickness under the drive of the Z-axis drive mechanism. S3. The control system then instructs the X-axis linear module 2 and the Y-axis linear module 3 to carry the multi-dimensional nanomaterial sprayer 10 on them to move precisely to the predetermined coordinate position where the current layer needs to be specially processed, and spray it according to the planned route. After the multi-dimensional nanomaterial is sprayed, the control system again instructs the X-axis linear module 2 and the Y-axis linear module 3 to drive the ultrafast optical mechanism 4 to move precisely to the processing coordinate position of the multi-dimensional nanomaterial, and use the ultrafast optical mechanism 4 in conjunction with the ultrafast laser to sinter the multi-dimensional nanomaterial. S4. If the current target layer is printed, the control system will continue to build the next layer; if "No", the process will return to step S3, and the ultrafast optical mechanism 4 will continue to locate and process the next functional area until all the designed special areas of this layer are processed. S5, the substrate 81 will be precisely lowered by a layer thickness under the drive of the Z-axis drive mechanism before printing; the continuous optical mechanism 7 and the ultrafast optical mechanism 4 will alternately perform printing; S6. The control system checks whether the number of layers already built is consistent with the total number of slices. If "no", it continues to print a new layer, and repeats the process to build the part layer by layer. If "yes", the entire additive manufacturing process is successfully completed and can enter the post-processing stage.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the powder spreading volume in a single reciprocating motion is V. 铺粉 V 铺粉 =h×W×L, where h is the powder thickness, W is the powder width, and L is the scraper stroke.

[0041] The printing process of this invention will be further described in detail below, with the specific steps as follows: (1) Import the workpiece model with position coordinates into the control system, slice the model and divide it into workpiece printing zones and individual optical mechanism printing zones.

[0042] After defining the scanning area of ​​the fixed continuous optical mechanism 7, the control system begins the printing task.

[0043] (2) The scraper powder spreading mechanism 9 intervenes and begins to spread powder. At the same time, the scraper powder spreading mechanism 9 spreads powder according to the powder spreading thickness h, powder spreading width W and scraper stroke L, wherein the formula V is used. 铺粉 =h×W×L, calculate the powder spreading volume V in a single reciprocating motion. 铺粉 .

[0044] (3) After the powder is spread, the fixed continuous optical mechanism 7 at the top is started first. Based on the slice data, it uses parameter set A to quickly scan and melt the outline and internal structure of the main body of the part in the current layer. After all the workpiece printing partitions of the current target layer are scanned, the substrate 81 will be precisely lowered by a layer thickness under the drive of the Z-axis drive mechanism.

[0045] (4) The control system then instructs the X and Y axis linear module 3 to carry the multi-element nanomaterial sprayer 10 on it to move precisely to the predetermined coordinate position where the current layer needs to be specially processed, and to spray it according to the planned route. After the special multi-element nanomaterial is sprayed, the control system again instructs the X and Y axis linear module 3 to drive the ultrafast optical mechanism 4 to move precisely to the processing coordinate position of the special multi-element nanomaterial, and to use the moving ultrafast optical mechanism 4 to use parameter set B in combination with ultrafast laser to sinter the special multi-element nanomaterial.

[0046] (5) If the current target layer is printed, the control system will continue to build the next layer; if “no”, the process will return to step (4), and the moving ultrafast optical mechanism 4 will continue to position and process the next functional area until all the designed special areas of this layer are processed.

[0047] (6) The substrate 81 will be precisely lowered by a layer thickness under the drive of the Z-axis drive mechanism before printing; the continuous optical mechanism 7 and the ultrafast optical mechanism 4 will print alternately.

[0048] (7) The control system checks whether the number of layers already built is consistent with the total number of slices. If "no", the printing of a new layer continues, and the process is repeated to build the part layer by layer. If "yes", the entire additive manufacturing process is successfully completed and can proceed to the post-processing stage.

[0049] This invention utilizes a dual-optical-mechanism differentiated processing method to achieve gradient changes in material composition or properties within the same part through multi-element nanomaterials, thereby enhancing material performance and effectively improving the manufacturing efficiency of metal manufacturing equipment.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A printing device for ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing, characterized in that, It includes a support frame, an X-axis linear module, a Y-axis linear module, a continuous optical mechanism, an ultrafast laser, a mirror, an ultrafast optical mechanism, and a multi-element nanomaterial ejector; The X-axis linear modules are respectively installed on both sides of the support frame, and the Y-axis linear module is installed between the sliders of the two sets of X-axis linear modules. The continuous optical mechanism is mounted on the top of the support frame; the ultrafast laser is mounted on the side plate of the support frame; the reflector, the ultrafast optical mechanism, and the multi-element nanomaterial jet are all mounted on the Y-axis linear module; the beam emitted by the ultrafast laser is input to the ultrafast optical mechanism through the reflector; the ultrafast optical mechanism and the multi-element nanomaterial jet can reciprocate along the Y-axis; the multi-element nanomaterial jet is located below the side of the ultrafast optical mechanism.

2. The printing equipment for ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle of the multi-nanomaterial injector is 3-5 mm away from the printing surface.

3. The printing equipment for ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The equipment also includes a lifting mechanism for controlling the raising and lowering of the substrate and a squeegee powder spreading mechanism for evenly spreading powder materials on the substrate for printing.

4. The printing equipment for ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame and the cylinder are sealed together, allowing the entire printing process to be carried out under inert gas.

5. The printing equipment for ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The X-axis linear module is equipped with an X-axis grating ruler, which includes an X-axis grating ruler body and an X-axis encoder reading head. The X-axis grating ruler body is fixedly mounted on the corresponding flight axis linear module. The X-axis grating ruler body is composed of grating lines engraved with absolute codes. The X-axis encoder reading head cooperates with the X-axis grating ruler body to measure the mechanical displacement of the corresponding X-axis.

6. The printing equipment for ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Y-axis linear module is equipped with a Y-axis grating ruler, which includes a Y-axis grating ruler body and a Y-axis encoder reading head. The Y-axis grating ruler body is fixedly mounted on the corresponding flight axis linear module. The Y-axis grating ruler body is composed of grating lines engraved with absolute codes. The Y-axis encoder reading head cooperates with the Y-axis grating ruler body to measure the mechanical displacement of the corresponding Y-axis.

7. The printing equipment for ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The X-axis linear module includes an X-axis servo motor, an X-axis linear guide, and an X-axis slider. The two ends of the Y-axis linear module are respectively connected to the corresponding X-axis sliders, and the X-axis encoder reading head is electrically connected to the corresponding X-axis servo motor.

8. The printing equipment for ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Y-axis linear module includes a Y-axis servo motor, a Y-axis linear guide, a Y-axis slider, an ultrafast optical mechanism, and a multi-element nanomaterial injector mounted on the corresponding Y-axis slider. The Y-axis encoder reading head is electrically connected to the corresponding Y-axis servo motor.

9. A printing method for ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing, implemented using the ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing printing equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: S1. Import the workpiece model with position coordinates into the control system, slice the model and divide it into workpiece printing zones and individual optical mechanism printing zones; after dividing the fixed continuous optical mechanism scanning area, the control system starts the printing task. S2. The doctor blade powder spreading mechanism spreads powder. After the powder spreading is completed, the continuous optical mechanism is activated. Based on the slicing data, it quickly scans and melts the outline and internal structure of the main body of the part in the current layer. After all the workpiece printing partitions of the current target layer are scanned, the substrate is precisely lowered by a layer thickness. S3. The control system then instructs the X-axis linear module and Y-axis linear module to carry the multi-dimensional nanomaterial sprayers on them to move precisely to the predetermined coordinate position where the current layer needs to be specially processed, and spray them according to the planned route. After the multi-dimensional nanomaterial is sprayed, the control system again instructs the X-axis linear module and Y-axis linear module to drive the ultrafast optical mechanism to move precisely to the processing coordinate position of the multi-dimensional nanomaterial, and use the ultrafast optical mechanism in combination with ultrafast laser to sinter the multi-dimensional nanomaterial. S4. If the current target layer is printed, the control system will continue to build the next layer; if "No", the process will return to step S3, and the ultrafast optical mechanism will continue to locate and process the next functional area until all the designed special areas of this layer are processed. S5. The substrate is precisely lowered by a layer thickness before printing; the continuous optical mechanism and the ultrafast optical mechanism are printed alternately. S6. The control system checks whether the number of layers already built is consistent with the total number of slice layers. If "no", it continues to start printing a new layer, building the part layer by layer. If "yes", the entire additive manufacturing process ends and the process enters the post-processing stage.

10. The printing method for ultrafast laser-continuous laser composite additive manufacturing according to claim 9, characterized in that, The volume of powder spread in a single reciprocating motion is V. 铺粉 V 铺粉 =h×W×L, where h is the powder thickness, W is the powder width, and L is the scraper stroke.

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