A quick release device for a center head

Abstract

The application provides a quick dismounting device for a top tip, and relates to the technical field of top tip assembly. The quick dismounting device comprises a main shaft body, a top tip and a top block. The main shaft body is provided with a tapered hole for mounting the top tip. An installation cavity is arranged on the inner wall of the tapered hole. The top block is slidably arranged in the installation cavity. The pressure in the installation cavity is changed to drive the top block to move. The top tip is detachably arranged in the tapered hole. The top block moves and abuts against the top tip to push the top tip to move out of the tapered hole. The top tip moves and abuts against the top block to push the top block to move into the installation cavity. A pressure sensing assembly is arranged between the top block and the installation cavity to obtain the pressure change in the installation cavity when the top block moves. In this way, the pressure in the top block and the installation cavity is established, so that the top tip can be effectively pushed to move to be dismounted. In the process of pushing the top tip by the top block, the pressure in the installation cavity can be detected by the pressure sensing assembly to prevent the main shaft body from being damaged due to excessive pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of advanced assembly technology, and more specifically, to an advanced quick-release device. Background Technology

[0002] For ultra-heavy workpieces with a load capacity exceeding 100 tons, heavy-duty lathes use ultra-heavy-duty centers with direct flange short cone tail connections to improve overall rigidity and resistance to deformation. The lathe centers serve as workpiece support components, especially the tailstock centers which bear half the weight of the workpiece. Insufficient or excessive clamping pressure will damage the centers. Centers are vulnerable parts of the lathe and need to be disassembled and replaced after damage.

[0003] When disassembling the tip, the tip is often forced out by pressurizing the sealed cavity, as the spindle body tapered hole and the tip tapered tail form a sealed cavity at the tail of the tapered hole. However, when the tip is deformed or damaged, there is a gap between the spindle body tapered hole and the tip, and the sealed cavity can no longer hold pressure. Pressure cannot be built up during pressurization, and the tip cannot be disassembled. In addition, if the pressure in the sealed cavity is too high, it will damage the inner wall of the spindle body. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem solved by this invention is how to quickly disassemble the center while keeping the spindle body intact.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a quick-release device for a center, comprising a spindle body, a center, and a top block. The spindle body has a tapered hole for mounting the center, and an mounting cavity is provided on the inner wall of the tapered hole. The top block is slidably disposed within the mounting cavity and forms a closed pressure chamber with the mounting cavity. A change in pressure within the closed pressure chamber drives the top block to move. The center is detachably disposed within the tapered hole. The moving top block abuts against the center, pushing the center out of the tapered hole. The moving top block abuts against the top block, pushing the top block towards the closed pressure chamber. The quick-release device further includes a pressure sensing component connected to the closed pressure chamber for acquiring pressure changes within the closed pressure chamber when the top block moves.

[0006] Optionally, it also includes a guide assembly disposed within the mounting cavity. The guide assembly includes a cylinder head with a guide hole, and the top block passes through the guide hole and is slidably connected to the cylinder head.

[0007] Optionally, the cylinder head is provided with a vent hole, the axial direction of which is the same as the moving direction of the top block.

[0008] Optionally, the pressure sensing component includes a pressure sensor, the closed pressure chamber is filled with a liquid pressure transmission medium, the main shaft body is provided with a first through hole communicating with the closed pressure chamber, the first through hole is closed, and the pressure sensor is disposed in the first through hole.

[0009] Optionally, it also includes a bolt, wherein the inner wall of the end of the first through hole away from the mounting cavity is provided with an internal thread, and the bolt thread is disposed in the first through hole for sealing the first through hole.

[0010] Optionally, it also includes the pressure fitting, which is detachably connected to the first through hole, and the bolt is rotated to disengage from the first through hole, for the purpose of allowing the pressure fitting to complete the installation with the first through hole.

[0011] Optionally, it also includes a front sealing cover and a rear sealing cover, both of which are sleeved on the top block. The front sealing cover and the rear sealing cover are spaced apart along the moving direction of the top block, and both of them are in a sealing sliding fit with the inner wall of the mounting cavity.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes an adjusting shim, wherein the tip is connected to the spindle body via a flange, the adjusting shim is connected to one end of the spindle body facing the flange, and there is an installation gap between the adjusting shim and the flange.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes a guide belt disposed on the top block, the guide belt being located between the front sealing cap and the rear sealing cap.

[0014] Optionally, the outer circumferential surface of the pressure fitting is provided with threads, and the pressure fitting is connected to the inner wall of the first through hole by threads.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the tip quick-release device of the present invention are: By moving the top block towards the center, the top block comes into contact with the center, pushing it towards the opening of the tapered hole, thus completing the removal of the center. This device removes the center by moving the top block. It converts the pressure acting on the center into pressure acting on the top block. Since the center may deform, but the top block does not directly contact the workpiece, it does not deform during workpiece installation. This effectively ensures pressure build-up within the top block and the mounting cavity, preventing pressure build-up due to center deformation. Therefore, it effectively moves the center for removal. Furthermore, during the process of the top block pushing the center, the pressure in the mounting cavity can be detected by the pressure sensing component, thereby preventing excessive pressure from damaging the spindle body. During the center installation process, the pressure can be changed to make the top block contact the center. That is, when the center contacts the workpiece, it transfers the pressure on the center to the top block. After being transferred to the top block, the pressure in the mounting cavity and the top block can be detected by the pressure sensing component. This allows the pressure on the center during workpiece installation to be detected, thus monitoring the state of the center during workpiece installation. This effectively avoids damage to the center due to over-installation of the workpiece, thereby effectively extending the service life of the center. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting of the center and the spindle in a center quick-release device.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a magnified structural diagram of part A in a top-of-the-line quick-release device.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Spindle body; 2. Center; 3. Top block; 4. Cylinder head; 5. Pressure sensor; 6. Bolt; 7. Front sealing cover; 8. Rear sealing cover; 9. Adjusting shim; 10. Guide belt. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein are open-ended, meaning "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "at least partially based on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; and the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". Definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts of "first," "second," etc., mentioned in this invention are used only to distinguish different devices, modules, or units, and are not intended to limit the order of functions performed by these devices, modules, or units or their interdependencies.

[0021] It should be noted that the terms "a" and "a plurality of" used in this invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0022] In related technologies, for ultra-heavy workpieces with a load capacity exceeding 100 tons, heavy-duty lathes use ultra-heavy centers with direct flange short cone tail connections to improve overall rigidity and resistance to deformation. The lathe center serves as a workpiece support component, especially the tailstock center which bears half the weight of the workpiece. Insufficient or excessive clamping pressure will damage the center. The center is a vulnerable part of the lathe, and it needs to be disassembled and replaced after damage.

[0023] When disassembling the tip, the tip is often forced out by pressurizing the sealed cavity, as the spindle body tapered hole and the tip tapered tail form a sealed cavity at the tail of the tapered hole. However, when the tip is deformed or damaged, there is a gap between the spindle body tapered hole and the tip, and the sealed cavity can no longer hold pressure. Pressure cannot be built up during pressurization, and the tip cannot be disassembled. In addition, if the pressure in the sealed cavity is too high, it will damage the inner wall of the spindle body.

[0024] To address the problems existing in the aforementioned related technologies, this embodiment provides a top-mounted quick-release device.

[0025] like Figure 1-2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a quick-release device for a center, including a spindle body 1, a center 2, and a top block 3. The spindle body 1 has a tapered hole for mounting the center 2, and an mounting cavity is provided on the inner wall of the tapered hole. The top block 3 is slidably disposed in the mounting cavity and forms a closed pressure cavity with the mounting cavity. The pressure in the closed pressure cavity changes to drive the top block 3 to move. The center 2 is detachably disposed in the tapered hole. The top block 3 moves and abuts against the center 2 to push the center 2 out of the tapered hole. The center 2 moves and abuts against the top block 3 to push the top block 3 into the closed pressure cavity. The quick-release device for a center also includes a pressure sensing component connected to the closed pressure cavity to obtain the pressure change in the closed pressure cavity when the top block 3 moves.

[0026] Specifically, an installation cavity is provided on the inner wall of the conical hole. The top block 3 is slidably and telescopically installed in the installation cavity, that is, the top block 3 slides against the inner wall of the installation cavity to seal the installation cavity and form a closed pressure cavity inside the installation cavity. The end of the top block 3 facing the tip 2 (the protruding end) may have a protrusion. When the tip 2 is installed, it will be in contact with the inner wall of the conical hole. When the top block 3 slides out, it will abut against the tip 2. After the tip 2 is installed, the top block 3 needs to be in contact with the tip 2. The contact between the tip 2 and the top block 3 can be determined by observing the reading of the pressure sensing component. When the reading of the pressure sensing component starts to change, it indicates that the tip 2 and the top block 3 are in contact.

[0027] In this embodiment, when it is necessary to disassemble the tip 2, the top block 3 is moved towards the tip 2. During this movement, the top block 3 abuts against the tip 2, thereby pushing the tip 2 towards the opening of the tapered hole, thus completing the disassembly of the tip 2. This device disassembles the tip 2 by moving the top block 3. This device can convert the pressure acting on the tip 2 into pressure acting on the top block 3. Since the tip 2 may deform or break, but the top block 3 does not directly contact the workpiece, the top block 3 will not deform or break during workpiece installation. This effectively ensures that the top block 3 effectively seals the installation cavity and establishes pressure within it, thus effectively preventing the failure to establish a pressure cavity due to deformation or breakage of the tip 2. Therefore, it can effectively push the tip 2 to move for disassembly. Furthermore, during the process of the top block 3 pushing the center point 2, the pressure in the mounting cavity can be detected by the pressure sensing component, thereby preventing excessive pressure from damaging the spindle body 1. When the center point 2 is being installed, the pressure in the mounting cavity can be changed to make the top block 3 contact the center point 2. That is, when the center point 2 contacts the workpiece, the pressure on the center point 2 is transmitted to the top block 3. After being transmitted to the top block 3, the pressure in the mounting cavity and the pressure on the top block 3 can be detected by the pressure sensing component. In this way, the pressure on the center point 2 during workpiece installation can be detected by the pressure sensing component, thereby detecting the state of the center point 2 during workpiece installation. This can effectively prevent the center point 2 from being damaged due to over-installation of the workpiece, thus effectively extending the service life of the center point 2.

[0028] Optionally, it also includes a guide assembly disposed within the mounting cavity. The guide assembly includes a cylinder head 4 with a guide hole on the cylinder head 4. The top block 3 passes through the guide hole and is slidably connected to the cylinder head 4.

[0029] Specifically, the mounting cavity can be regarded as a cylinder body, and the cylinder head 4 is set at the opening that connects the mounting cavity and the tapered hole. The top block 3 is equivalent to a piston. The protrusion on the top block 3 passes through the guide hole of the cylinder head 4 and slides against its inner wall. In this way, the movement path of the top block 3 is limited by the guide hole. The inner wall of the mounting cavity is provided with a mounting notch, and the mounting notch is provided with a threaded blind hole. The cylinder head 4 is provided with a mounting through hole. After aligning the mounting through hole with the threaded blind hole, the cylinder head 4 and the mounting cavity can be installed by screws.

[0030] In this embodiment, the movement path of the top block 3 is limited by the guide hole, thereby ensuring that the top block 3 can move along the specified path, thereby improving the stability of the movement of the top block 3, and further improving the stability when the top block 3 pushes the tip 2 for disassembly.

[0031] Optionally, the cylinder head 4 is provided with a vent hole, and the axial direction of the vent hole is the same as the moving direction of the top block 3.

[0032] In this embodiment, as the piston moves within the mounting cavity, the distance between the piston and the cylinder head 4 shortens, thereby compressing the internal air between the piston and the cylinder head 4. The vent hole effectively prevents the top block 3 from becoming compressed. Furthermore, the axial direction of the vent hole is the same as the direction of movement of the top block 3. Therefore, when the top block 3 moves, the compressed air between the cylinder head 4 and the top block 3 will be transmitted to the tip 2 through the vent hole, which further provides thrust to the tip 2 and facilitates the disassembly of the tip 2.

[0033] Optionally, the pressure sensing component includes a pressure sensor 5, the closed pressure chamber is filled with a liquid pressure transmission medium, the main shaft body 1 is provided with a first through hole that communicates with the closed pressure chamber, the first through hole is closed, and the pressure sensor 5 is disposed in the first through hole.

[0034] Specifically, the pressure sensor 5 is installed in the first through hole. The sealing of the first through hole can effectively prevent the liquid pressure transmission medium from being discharged from the first through hole. The pressure sensor 5 detects the pressure of the liquid pressure transmission medium in the mounting cavity and the first through hole. The liquid pressure transmission medium can be silicone oil or glycerin.

[0035] In this embodiment, the pressure of the liquid pressure transmission medium inside the mounting cavity is detected by the pressure sensor 5. Since the liquid pressure transmission medium is in constant contact with the top block 3 inside the mounting cavity, the detection of the pressure of the liquid pressure transmission medium can be converted into the detection of the pressure on the top block 3.

[0036] Optionally, it also includes a bolt 6, wherein the inner wall of the end of the first through hole away from the mounting cavity is provided with an internal thread, and the bolt 6 is threaded in the first through hole for sealing the first through hole.

[0037] In this embodiment, the threaded connection between the bolt 6 and the first through hole can effectively seal the first through hole, and the stability of the seal can be effectively guaranteed by the threaded engagement.

[0038] Optionally, the device also includes the pressure fitting, which is detachably connected to the first through hole. The bolt 6 is rotated to disengage from the first through hole so that the pressure fitting can be installed with the first through hole.

[0039] Specifically, the end of the pressure fitting away from the first through hole is connected to the pressure supply device, that is, the pressure supply device pressurizes the liquid pressure transmission medium in the installation cavity, which can push the top block 3 to move.

[0040] In this embodiment, when it is necessary to pressurize the liquid pressure transmission medium in the mounting cavity, the bolt 6 can be removed and the pressure fitting can be connected to the first through hole. The liquid pressure transmission medium in the mounting cavity can be pressurized through the pressure fitting and the pressure supply device. The increased pressure on the liquid pressure transmission medium can effectively push the top block 3 to move, thereby pushing the top point 2 to move through the top block 3, and completing the disassembly of the top point 2.

[0041] Optionally, it also includes a front sealing cover 7 and a rear sealing cover 8, both of which are sleeved on the top block 3. The front sealing cover 7 and the rear sealing cover 8 are spaced apart along the moving direction of the top block 3, and both of them are in a sealing sliding fit with the inner wall of the mounting cavity.

[0042] Specifically, both the front sealing cover 7 and the rear sealing cover 8 are provided with mounting through holes, while the top block 3 is provided with a mounting notch. The mounting notch is also provided with a threaded blind hole. The front sealing cover 7 and the rear sealing cover 8 are connected to the top block 3 by screws.

[0043] In this embodiment, the sealing front cover 7 and the sealing rear cover 8 can effectively seal the top block 3 and the inner wall of the mounting cavity, thereby effectively ensuring the sealing sliding fit between the top block 3 and the inner wall of the mounting cavity, thus ensuring the gap sealing between the top block 3 and the mounting cavity, ensuring the sealing of the mounting cavity when the device pressurizes the liquid pressure transmission medium, and enabling the pressure in the mounting cavity to be effectively established, thereby ensuring the stability of the device in use.

[0044] Optionally, it also includes an adjusting pad 9. The tip 2 is connected to the spindle body 1 via a flange. The adjusting pad 9 is connected to the end of the spindle body 1 facing the flange, and there is an installation gap between the adjusting pad 9 and the flange.

[0045] Specifically, the installation of the tip 2 with the spindle body 1 via the flange is a prior art, and will not be described in detail in this application. In the prior art, there is a certain gap between the flange and the spindle body 1 when the tip 2 is installed. In order to prevent the tip 2 from deforming and moving during operation, causing the flange to directly contact the spindle body 1 and resulting in damage to the spindle body 1.

[0046] In this embodiment, an adjusting shim 9 is added between the mounting flange of the tip 2 and the spindle body 1. When the tip 2 deforms and moves the flange toward the spindle body 1, it will contact the adjusting shim 9 instead of directly contacting the spindle body 1. This further prevents the flange from directly contacting the spindle body 1 and putting pressure on the spindle body 1, which could lead to damage to the spindle body 1.

[0047] Optionally, it also includes a guide belt 10, which is disposed on the top block 3 and located between the front sealing cover 7 and the rear sealing cover 8.

[0048] In this embodiment, the guide belt 10 can effectively fill the gap between the top block 3 and the mounting cavity, thereby further improving the sliding seal between the top block 3 and the mounting cavity.

[0049] Optionally, the outer circumferential surface of the pressure fitting is provided with threads, and the pressure fitting is connected to the inner wall of the first through hole by threads.

[0050] In this embodiment, the pressure fitting is connected to the first through hole by a thread, that is, the pressure fitting is threadedly installed between the pressure fitting and the spindle body 1. The threaded connection can effectively improve the installation stability between the pressure fitting and the spindle body 1, thereby ensuring the installation stability of the pressure fitting during the pressure test in the mounting cavity.

[0051] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A top-mounted quick-release device, characterized in that, The device includes a spindle body (1), a tip (2), and a top block (3). The spindle body (1) has a tapered hole for mounting the tip (2). The inner wall of the tapered hole is provided with a mounting cavity. The top block (3) is slidably disposed in the mounting cavity and forms a closed pressure cavity with the mounting cavity. The pressure in the closed pressure cavity changes to drive the top block (3) to move. The tip (2) is detachably disposed in the tapered hole. The top block (3) moves and abuts against the tip (2) to push the tip (2) out of the tapered hole. The tip (2) moves and abuts against the top block (3) to push the top block (3) into the closed pressure cavity. The tip quick-release device also includes a pressure sensing component connected to the closed pressure cavity to obtain the pressure change in the closed pressure cavity when the top block (3) moves.

2. The quick-release device for the top as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a guide assembly disposed in the mounting cavity. The guide assembly includes a cylinder head (4) with a guide hole on the cylinder head (4). The top block (3) passes through the guide hole and is slidably connected to the cylinder head (4).

3. The quick-release device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cylinder head (4) is provided with a vent hole, and the axial direction of the vent hole is the same as the moving direction of the top block (3).

4. The quick-release device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure sensing component includes a pressure sensor (5), the closed pressure chamber is filled with a liquid pressure transmission medium, the main shaft body (1) is provided with a first through hole that communicates with the closed pressure chamber, the first through hole is closed, and the pressure sensor (5) is disposed in the first through hole.

5. The quick-release device according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a bolt (6), and the inner wall of the first through hole away from the mounting cavity is provided with an internal thread. The bolt (6) is threaded in the first through hole and is used to seal the first through hole.

6. The quick-release device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a pressure fitting, which is detachably connected to the first through hole. The bolt (6) is rotated to disengage from the first through hole, so that the pressure fitting can be installed with the first through hole.

7. The quick-release device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a front sealing cover (7) and a rear sealing cover (8), both of which are fitted onto the top block (3). The front sealing cover (7) and the rear sealing cover (8) are spaced apart along the moving direction of the top block (3), and both the front sealing cover (7) and the rear sealing cover (8) are in a sealing sliding fit with the inner wall of the mounting cavity.

8. The quick-release device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an adjusting pad (9), the tip (2) is connected to the spindle body (1) by a flange, the spindle body (1) is connected to the adjusting pad (9) at one end facing the flange, and there is an installation gap between the adjusting pad (9) and the flange.

9. The quick-release device according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a guide belt (10) disposed on the top block (3) and the guide belt (10) is located between the front sealing cover (7) and the rear sealing cover (8).

10. The quick-release device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer circumferential surface of the pressure fitting is provided with threads, and the pressure fitting is connected to the inner wall of the first through hole by threads.

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