A fixed jaw double acting chuck

Abstract

The application relates to the chuck technical field, in particular to a fixed claw double-action chuck, which comprises a disc body, a clamping module, a clamping pneumatic assembly, a transmission module, an air inlet assembly and a planetary reducer; the clamping module is rotationally connected with the disc body; the clamping module comprises a chuck and a plurality of moving blocks; the chuck is rotationally connected with the disc body; the plurality of moving blocks are circumferentially arranged on the chuck and are slidably connected with the chuck; the clamping pneumatic assembly is arranged in the clamping module and is used for driving the plurality of moving blocks; the transmission module is fixedly connected with the disc body and is used for driving the clamping module to rotate; the air inlet assembly is arranged between the clamping module and the transmission module and is used for driving the clamping pneumatic assembly; and the planetary reducer is fixedly connected with the air inlet assembly and is used for driving the transmission module. In the application, the double-layer clamping end and the limiting protrusion are designed to increase the clamping contact area, the workpiece can be axially positioned, the axial movement of the workpiece is effectively prevented, and the clamping stability and the positioning precision are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of chuck technology, and in particular to a fixed-claw double-acting chuck. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, machine tool chucks are core process equipment installed at the end of the spindle for positioning and clamping workpieces. Their structure and drive method directly determine the workpiece clamping method and the degree of automation. According to the drive method, chucks can be divided into two main categories: manual chucks and powered chucks. Manual chucks use a wrench to rotate a small bevel gear, which drives a screw thread or lead screw nut mechanism to achieve radial movement of the jaws; common examples include the three-jaw self-centering chuck and the four-jaw single-acting chuck. With the introduction of pneumatic, hydraulic, and electrical control technologies, powered chucks have become widely used. Based on the power source and drive method of clamping and releasing actions, they are further divided into single-acting chucks and double-acting chucks. Single-acting chucks typically use energy storage elements such as springs to maintain the clamping state and utilize fluid pressure to overcome the spring force to achieve release; while double-acting chucks are directly driven by fluid pressure for both clamping and releasing strokes; these chucks are also called double-acting chucks.

[0003] The core feature of a double-acting chuck lies in its internal or linked power cylinder, which employs a double-acting cylinder structure. Independent fluid chambers are located on both sides of the piston, enabling bidirectional movement through reversing control, without a return spring participating in the working stroke. In the most typical double-acting pneumatic chuck structure, the chuck body is a disc-shaped part made of high-strength alloy steel. Its rear end is bolted to the spindle flange, and an axial through-hole is machined in the center for a hollow pull tube to pass through. The front end of the chuck body has multiple radial grooves uniformly machined along its circumference—commonly three or two T-shaped grooves—with radially sliding slides fitted within these grooves. The jaws are fixed to the slides by screws or a quick-change mechanism. The lower part of the slide has an inclined wedge-shaped surface or a beveled slot. Inside the chuck body are axially movable wedge blocks or wedge sleeves, each with a wedge-shaped surface that complements the inclined surface of each slide. The inclination angle is typically between 10° and 20°, thus establishing a specific transmission ratio between the axial thrust and radial clamping force.

[0004] Fixed-jaw double-acting chucks are a fundamental category within double-acting power chuck systems. Their structural characteristic lies in the non-removable or non-quick-change rigid connection between the workpiece-clamping jaws and the transmission slide, a significant difference from quick-change jaw chucks. In fixed-jaw double-acting chucks, the jaws are typically considered direct extensions of the slide, and the two are integrated into a single motion unit through processes such as bolt fastening, keyway engagement, serrated locating surface meshing, cylindrical pin positioning, or even welding. During operation, the bidirectional fluid pressure provided by a pneumatic or hydraulic double-acting cylinder is converted into radial linear motion of the slide via a transmission mechanism. This motion drives the jaws fixed to the slide to move synchronously centripetally or centrifugally, achieving bidirectional active control of workpiece clamping and release. Throughout the entire process, the jaws do not possess any floating, yaw, or micro-compensation mechanisms relative to the slide; their spatial position is entirely determined by the slide's stroke.

[0005] Existing double-acting chucks typically have only a single clamping surface for the jaws and lack an integrated axial limiting structure, which makes the workpiece prone to shifting when subjected to axial loads. Their pneumatic solutions mostly rely on the contact friction seal of the rotary joint at the tail end of the spindle. At high speeds, the wear of the sealing surface intensifies and gas leakage increases, which can easily cause pressure fluctuations in the clamping chamber. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the issue that existing double-acting chucks only have a single clamping surface and lack an integrated axial limiting structure, this application provides a fixed-claw double-acting chuck.

[0007] This application provides a fixed-claw double-acting chuck, which adopts the following technical solution: A fixed-jaw double-acting chuck includes: a chuck body, a clamping module, a clamping pneumatic assembly, a transmission module, an air intake assembly, and a planetary reducer; the clamping module is rotatably connected to the chuck body; the clamping module includes a chuck and multiple moving blocks, the chuck being rotatably connected to the chuck body, the multiple moving blocks being circumferentially arrayed on the chuck and slidably connected to the chuck; the clamping pneumatic assembly is disposed within the clamping module and is used to drive the multiple moving blocks; the transmission module is fixedly connected to the chuck body and is used to drive the clamping module to rotate; the air intake assembly is disposed between the clamping module and the transmission module and is used to drive the clamping pneumatic assembly; the planetary reducer is fixedly connected to the air intake assembly and is used to drive the transmission module.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple moving blocks are driven to move radially synchronously using a clamping pneumatic component, thereby achieving stable clamping of the workpiece. At the same time, the entire clamping module is driven to rotate by a planetary reducer via a transmission module, which meets the requirement of rotary processing in the clamping state. This achieves dual-action functions of clamping and rotation, with a compact structure, fast action response, and convenient control.

[0009] Optionally, the clamping module also includes a double-layer clamping end, which is fixedly connected to the moving block.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the double-layer clamping end can apply clamping force at different axial positions or different angles of the workpiece simultaneously, increasing the clamping contact area, improving the stability and centering accuracy of clamping, and effectively reducing the risk of vibration and deformation of the workpiece during processing.

[0011] Optionally, the double-layer clamping end includes a fixed block, a clamping block, and a limiting protrusion; the fixed block is fixedly connected to the moving block, the clamping block is fixedly connected to the fixed block, and the limiting protrusion is fixedly connected to the clamping block.

[0012] Optionally, the clamping disc includes an outer disc and an inner disc; the inner disc is rotatably connected to the disc body, the outer disc is fixedly connected to the inner disc, and the moving block is slidably connected to the outer disc.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the clamping plate is divided into an inner plate and an outer plate. The inner plate is responsible for the rotational support between itself and the plate body, while the outer plate provides precise sliding guidance for the moving block, ensuring smooth movement of the moving block and stable clamping accuracy.

[0014] Optionally, the clamping pneumatic assembly includes a gear ring, a power assembly, and a transition gear; the gear ring is rotatably connected to the disc body, the power assembly is fixedly connected to the inner disc, and the transition gear is rotatably connected to the power assembly and meshes with the moving block.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the power component drives the transition gear to rotate through the gear ring, and the transition gear then drives the moving block to move radially, which can realize the synchronous linkage of multiple moving blocks, ensuring that the clamping center always coincides with the chuck rotation center, and greatly improving the centering accuracy and clamping synchronization.

[0016] Optionally, the power assembly includes a positioning rod, a power rod, and a power cylinder; one end of the positioning rod is rotatably connected to the inner disc, and the other end is rotatably connected to the power cylinder; one end of the power rod is rotatably connected to the gear ring, and the other end is rotatably connected to the power cylinder.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution and using a pneumatic drive, the extension and retraction of the power cylinder can drive the gear ring to rotate via the power rod, while the positioning rod constrains the posture of the power cylinder, ensuring accurate and stable motion trajectory, fast response speed, and adjustable clamping force.

[0018] Optionally, the transmission module includes a gear housing, a drive gear, a driven gear, and an oil-coated helical gear; the gear housing is fixedly connected to the disc body, the drive gear is rotatably connected to the gear housing, the driven gear meshes with the drive gear and is fixedly connected to the inner disc; the oil-coated helical gear is rotatably connected to the gear housing and meshes with the driven gear.

[0019] Optionally, the intake assembly includes a recirculating chamber, an inlet / outlet pipe, and a vent valve; the recirculating chamber is fixedly connected to the disc body, the power cylinder is connected to the recirculating chamber, the inlet / outlet pipe is connected to the recirculating chamber, and the vent valve is screwed to the recirculating chamber.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the circulating air chamber can continuously and stably supply air to the rotating power cylinder, the inlet and outlet air pipes realize the introduction of air source, and the vent valve can adjust or release the internal air pressure to ensure the pressure safety of the pneumatic system.

[0021] Optionally, the transmission module also includes a deep groove ball bearing, which is coaxially disposed between the circulating air chamber and the gear housing and is rotatably connected to the gear housing.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the deep groove ball bearing provides rotational support between the circulating air chamber and the gear housing, effectively reducing rotational friction resistance, ensuring coaxiality and stability of relative rotation, and helping to improve transmission efficiency and service life.

[0023] Optionally, the fixed-claw double-acting chuck also includes a sealing assembly disposed between the circulating air chamber and the inner plate; the sealing assembly includes multiple sealing limit rings and multiple soft sealing rings; the multiple sealing limit rings are fixedly connected to the inner plate and rotatably connected to the circulating air chamber; the multiple soft sealing rings are disposed between the circulating air chamber and the inner plate.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing limit ring provides stable rotational support and clearance control, and the soft sealing ring fills the mating gap to form a reliable gas seal; effectively preventing gas leakage, maintaining the working air pressure required for clamping pneumatic components, and ensuring sealing performance under high speed and long-term operation.

[0025] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The present invention increases the clamping contact area through the design of double-layer clamping ends and limiting protrusions, and can axially position the workpiece, effectively preventing the workpiece from moving axially, and improving clamping stability and positioning accuracy.

[0026] 2. This invention achieves radial synchronous movement of multiple moving blocks through the linkage of pneumatic components, gear rings, and transition gears, ensuring clamping centering accuracy and synchronization; the setting of a circulating air chamber and sealing components enables continuous and stable air supply while the chuck is rotating, and ensures gas sealing performance, ensuring reliable operation of the pneumatic clamping at high speeds. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a fixed-claw double-acting chuck according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The bottom view in the middle; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The front view in the middle; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the BB direction; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the CC direction; Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of a fixed-claw double-acting chuck; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A partial structural diagram of the pneumatic component held in the middle.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Disc body; 2. Clamping module; 21. Clamping disc; 211. Outer disc; 212. Inner disc; 22. Moving block; 23. Double-layer clamping end; 231. Fixing block; 232. Clamping block; 233. Limiting protrusion; 3. Clamping pneumatic assembly; 31. Gear ring; 32. Power assembly; 321. Positioning rod; 322. Power rod; 323. Power cylinder; 33. Transition gear; 4. Transmission module; 41. Gear cover; 42. Drive gear; 43. Driven gear; 44. Oil-coated helical gear; 45. Deep groove ball bearing; 5. Intake assembly; 51. Circulating air chamber; 52. Inlet and outlet air pipes; 53. Exhaust valve; 6. Sealing assembly; 61. Sealing limit ring; 62. Soft sealing ring; 7. Planetary reducer. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0030] This application discloses a fixed-jaw double-action chuck, comprising: a chuck body 1 and a clamping module 2 rotatably connected to the chuck body 1; the chuck body 1 serves as the base of the entire chuck and is typically integrally cast from high-strength gray cast iron HT300 or ductile iron QT500-7, possessing good vibration absorption and structural rigidity. The bottom is provided with a mounting flange and a stop, the stop diameter tolerance being H7, and an annular sealing groove is provided on the end face of the stop for precise docking with the machine tool spindle box. The clamping module 2 is rotatably connected to the chuck body 1 via two sets of crossed roller bearings or a rotary table bearing, capable of withstanding large axial and radial loads while ensuring rotational accuracy. This achieves a double-action function where the chuck body is fixed while the clamping module is driven to rotate, and clearance can be eliminated by adjusting the bearing preload.

[0031] The clamping module 2 includes a clamping plate 21 and multiple moving blocks 22. The clamping plate 21 is rotatably connected to the disk body 1. The multiple moving blocks 22 are arranged in a circumferential array on the clamping plate 21 and are slidably connected to the clamping plate 21. The clamping plate 21 is the rotating skeleton of the entire clamping module, used to support and guide the moving blocks, and its rotation axis coincides with the center of the disk body 1. Preferably, there are three moving blocks 22, evenly distributed at 120° to achieve self-centering clamping. Four blocks can also be used to meet the clamping requirements of square workpieces. The sliding mating surface of the moving blocks 22 adopts rectangular or dovetail-shaped guide rails, and is coated with plastic or wear-resistant coating, so that the movement is smooth and without crawling. The material can be 38CrMoAl nitrided, with a hardness of HV850 or higher, effectively improving the service life.

[0032] The pneumatic clamping assembly 3 is housed within the clamping module 2 and drives multiple moving blocks 22. This assembly converts gas pressure into synchronous radial displacement, achieving the linkage clamping and releasing of the moving blocks 22 through a built-in linkage and gear mechanism. The pneumatic drive ensures rapid clamping response, and the clamping force can be steplessly adjusted via a pressure regulating valve. It also features overload protection to prevent damage to thin-walled workpieces. The entire pneumatic assembly is encapsulated within the clamping module and rotates with the chuck 21, eliminating the need for a complex dynamic-to-static conversion mechanism. The transmission module 4 is fixedly connected to the disc body 1 and drives the clamping module 2 to rotate. As an independent power transmission unit, the transmission module 4 is fixedly mounted on the disc body 1, converting the high-speed, low-torque rotation input from the planetary reducer 7 into low-speed, high-torque rotation to drive the chuck 21 to rotate, enabling turning, grinding, or indexing of the workpiece while it is clamped. Its gearbox structure facilitates lubrication and sealing, reducing operating noise.

[0033] The air intake assembly 5 is located between the clamping module 2 and the transmission module 4, and is used to drive the clamping pneumatic components 3. The air intake assembly 5 is a rotary joint of the air circuit system, responsible for continuously supplying stationary external air to the rotating clamping module 2. Its stationary part is fixed to the gear cover 41, and its rotating part rotates synchronously with the inner disk 212. The internal air supply to multiple power cylinders is achieved through annularly distributed air passages, and a leakage compensation structure is provided. This structure is a built-in miniature overflow valve or energy storage chamber. When a slight leakage at the sealing surface causes a pressure drop, gas is automatically replenished to ensure a constant clamping pressure. This assembly serves as a dynamic-to-static conversion function, avoiding pipe entanglement.

[0034] Planetary reducer 7 is fixedly connected to the intake assembly 5 and is used to drive transmission module 4. Planetary reducer 7 uses a precision planetary gear structure, and the speed ratio can be selected according to the workpiece inertia and cutting torque, for example, 4:1 to 10:1. It is directly connected to a servo motor or hydraulic motor, and its output shaft drives the drive gear 42 of transmission module 4 via a key or shrink sleeve. This reducer features high rigidity, high precision, and low backlash, with a backlash value not exceeding 4 arcminutes and torsional rigidity exceeding 8 Nm / arcmin, ensuring accurate chuck rotation positioning. Alternatively, a harmonic reducer or RV reducer can be used to meet different precision requirements.

[0035] The clamping module 2 also includes a double-layer clamping end 23, which is fixedly connected to the moving block 22.

[0036] The double-layer clamping end 23 includes a fixed block 231, a clamping block 232, and a limiting protrusion 233. The double-layer clamping end 23 provides inner and outer clamping surfaces, simultaneously clamping the outer periphery of the workpiece and pressing against the shoulder or end face, forming a composite constraint of axial and radial forces. This significantly improves clamping stability and machining accuracy, making it particularly suitable for pipe fittings, flanged parts, and applications requiring prevention of axial movement. It adopts a modular design, with quick-change connection to the moving block 22 via T-slots or bolts. The T-slots are radial, and the bottom of the clamping end is equipped with a T-block. Replacement only requires loosening two fastening bolts to slide out as a whole, accommodating workpieces of different specifications. The fixed block 231 is fixedly connected to the moving block 22, the clamping block 232 is fixedly connected to the fixed block 231, and the limiting protrusion 233 is fixedly connected to the clamping block 232. The fixing block 231 serves as the base, made of 45 medium carbon steel with heat treatment to ensure connection strength; the clamping block 232 can be replaced according to the shape of the workpiece, and its clamping surface can be designed as V-shaped, arc-shaped or with teeth, and the material is wear-resistant tool steel Cr12MoV or Gcr15, with a quenching hardness of HRC58-62; the limiting protrusion 233 is a prominent anti-disengagement stop, which can be designed as a continuous step or spaced stop, which can limit the end face of the workpiece while resisting the axial force during cutting.

[0037] The clamp 21 includes an outer plate 211 and an inner plate 212; the inner plate 212 is rotatably connected to the plate body 1, the outer plate 211 is fixedly connected to the inner plate 212, and the moving block 22 is slidably connected to the outer plate 211. The outer plate 211 mainly provides radial slideways and protection for the moving block 22. The slideways are precision ground and can be equipped with wear-resistant steel strips. The outer plate 211 and the inner plate 212 are connected by circumferentially distributed reamed bolts and locating pins, which ensures torque transmission and facilitates disassembly and maintenance. The bearing mounting position of the inner plate 212 is a stepped hole, which mates with the outer ring of the bearing on the plate body 1. The material can be QT600-3 ductile iron or 40Cr forged steel.

[0038] The clamping pneumatic assembly 3 includes a gear ring 31, a power assembly 32, and a transition gear 33. The gear ring 31 is rotatably connected to the disk body 1, the power assembly 32 is fixedly connected to the inner disk 212, and the transition gear 33 is rotatably connected to the power assembly 32 and meshes with the moving block 22. The gear ring 31 is an internal gear ring, forming a rotary pair with the disk body 1 through a thin-walled bearing or a self-lubricating copper sleeve, and can rotate relative to the disk body at a limited angle. The power assembly 32 provides the driving torque for the rotation of the gear ring 31. The transition gear 33 meshes with the rack below the moving block 22, accurately converting the rotation of the gear ring 31 into equal radial displacement of each moving block 22, achieving self-centering motion. The teeth of the gear ring 31 are induction hardened, and the transition gear 33 is made of 20CrMnTi carburized, quenched, and ground gears to ensure high-precision, backlash-free transmission.

[0039] The power assembly 32 includes a positioning rod 321, a power rod 322, and a power cylinder 323. One end of the positioning rod 321 is rotatably connected to the inner disk 212, and the other end is rotatably connected to the power cylinder 323. One end of the power rod 322 is rotatably connected to the gear ring 31, and the other end is rotatably connected to the power cylinder 323. This structure constitutes a crank-rocker mechanism, where the positioning rod 321 acts as a rocker arm to provide rotational guidance for the cylinder, the power rod 322 acts as a connecting rod to transmit driving force, the inner disk 212 acts as a frame, the positioning rod 321 defines the cylinder's swing trajectory, and the power rod 322 transmits thrust. When multiple power cylinders 323 extend or retract synchronously, the power rod 322 drives the gear ring 31 to rotate, thereby driving the transition gear 33 and the moving block 22. The power cylinder 323 is preferably a double-acting cylinder with a buffer, the cylinder body is made of hard anodized aluminum alloy, the piston seal is made of polyurethane material, and the working pressure is 0.4–0.8 MPa.

[0040] The transmission module 4 includes a gear housing 41, a drive gear 42, a driven gear 43, and an oil-coated helical gear 44. The gear housing 41 is fixedly connected to the disc body 1. The gear housing 41 is a gray cast iron component, and its inner cavity can store lubricating oil to form an oil bath lubrication environment, effectively reducing operating noise and wear. Its mating surface with the disc body 1 is coated with sealant. The drive gear 42 is rotatably connected to the gear housing 41. The drive gear 42 is mounted via double bearings, and its input end is connected to the output shaft of the planetary reducer 7. It is made of 40Cr tempered and high-frequency quenched dies. The driven gear 43 meshes with the drive gear 42 and is fixedly connected to the inner disc 212. The driven gear 43 is used to transmit power to the inner disc 212 and achieves initial deceleration according to the gear ratio. It is connected to the inner disc 212 via bolts or splines, driving the chuck 21 to rotate as a whole. The oil-coated helical gear 44 is rotatably connected to the gear housing 41 and meshes with the driven gear 43. The oil-lubricated helical gear 44 is an oil-lubricated spiral bevel gear or worm gear used to convert horizontal input torque into output on a vertical rotation axis. It also has a self-locking function to prevent the workpiece from rotating in the opposite direction during processing. The tooth surface is ground and phosphated.

[0041] The intake assembly 5 includes a circulating air chamber 51, inlet and outlet pipes 52, and a vent valve 53. The circulating air chamber 51 is fixedly connected to the disc body 1. The circulating air chamber 51 has an annular flow channel machined into it and connects to each air port, forming a gas distribution center. It is fixed to the disc body 1, and its end face is rotary sealed with the inner disc 212. Power cylinders 323 are connected to the circulating air chamber 51. Pressurized gas from the circulating air chamber 51 is introduced into each power cylinder 323 through air passages inside the inner disc 212, ensuring synchronous extension and retraction. The inlet and outlet pipes 52 are connected to the circulating air chamber 51. The inlet and outlet pipes 52 serve as compressed air inlets and are equipped with quick-connect fittings. Multiple air ports can also be connected in parallel to meet high flow rate requirements. The vent valve 53 is screwed to the circulating air chamber 51 and is used for manual rotation to depressurize the system, facilitating maintenance.

[0042] The transmission module 4 also includes a deep groove ball bearing 45, which is coaxially disposed between the circulating air chamber 51 and the gear housing 41 and rotatably connected to the gear housing 41. The deep groove ball bearing 45 provides radial support and guidance for the gear housing 41, and mates with the outer circle of the circulating air chamber 51 to ensure smooth rotation of the inner disk 212 and bear part of the radial force. It adopts a double-sealed bearing, which is lubricated for life and reduces maintenance.

[0043] The fixed-jaw double-acting chuck also includes a sealing assembly 6, which is disposed between the circulating air chamber 51 and the inner disk 212. The sealing assembly 6 includes multiple sealing limiting rings 61 and multiple soft sealing rings 62. The multiple sealing limiting rings 61 are fixedly connected to the inner disk 212 and rotatably connected to the circulating air chamber 51. The multiple soft sealing rings 62 are disposed between the circulating air chamber 51 and the inner disk 212. The function of the sealing assembly 6 is to establish a reliable airtight channel between the rotating inner disk 212 and the stationary circulating air chamber 51. The sealing limiting rings 61 are metal skeletons coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) friction-reducing layer, used for positioning and pressing the soft sealing rings. The soft sealing rings 62 can be oil-resistant rubber O-rings, lip seals, or copper powder-filled PTFE rings, forming a combined dynamic seal to prevent compressed air leakage.

[0044] The implementation principle of a double-action chuck in this application embodiment is as follows: External power is reduced and amplified by the planetary reducer 7, and then the torque is transmitted to the drive gear 42 of the transmission module 4. The drive gear 42 rotates under the support of the gear cover 41, and drives the driven gear 43 meshing with it to rotate. The driven gear 43 meshes with the oil-coated helical gear 44, which rotates around its own axis inside the gear cover 41. It generates a self-locking effect by relying on its helix angle to prevent the cutting force from causing the chuck 21 to reverse. The driven gear 43 is fixedly connected to the inner plate 212 of the chuck 21 by a key or bolt, thereby driving the inner plate 212, the outer plate 211, and the moving block 22 and the double-layer clamping end 23 mounted on the outer plate 211 to rotate together relative to the fixed plate body 1, completing the workpiece rotation movement. The deep groove ball bearing 45 is coaxially arranged between the gear cover 41 and the circulating air chamber 51 to provide radial support for the inner plate 212 and ensure its smooth rotation.

[0045] Meanwhile, compressed air is introduced into the stationary circulating air chamber 51 through the inlet / outlet pipe 52, and the circulating air chamber 51 is fixedly connected to the disc body 1. When the inner disc 212 of the clamping disc 21 rotates relative to the disc body 1, the sealing assembly 6 set between the circulating air chamber 51 and the inner disc 212 is put into operation—multiple sealing limit rings 61 are fixed to the inner disc 212 and rotate with it, pressing multiple soft sealing rings 62 against the mating surface of the circulating air chamber 51 to form a reliable rotary dynamic seal and prevent pressurized gas leakage. The airflow enters the rod chamber or rodless chamber of each power cylinder 323 through the pre-machined air passage inside the inner disc 212. When the piston rod of the power cylinder 323 extends outward, because one end of the positioning rod 321 is rotatably connected to the inner disc 212 and the other end is rotatably connected to the cylinder body of the power cylinder 323, the movement trajectory of the cylinder is restricted. One end of the power rod 322 is rotatably connected to the gear ring 31 and the other end is rotatably connected to the piston rod of the power cylinder 323. The linear motion of the piston rod is converted into the rotation of the power cylinder 323, which in turn drives the gear ring 31 to rotate relative to the disk 1 by a certain angle via the power rod 322. The internal or external teeth of the gear ring 31 drive the intermediate gear 33 to rotate, and the intermediate gear 33 then meshes with the rack at the bottom of the moving block 22, thereby accurately converting the circumferential rotation of the gear ring 31 into the synchronous radial movement of each moving block 22 along the slide of the outer disk 211. When the moving blocks 22 move inward synchronously, they drive the fixing block 231, clamping block 232 and limiting protrusion 233 of the double-layer clamping end 23 to move radially and centripetally together until the clamping surface of the clamping block 232 clamps the outer circle or inner hole of the workpiece, while the limiting protrusion 233 presses against the stepped end face or shoulder of the workpiece, realizing the combined radial and axial clamping. When the air path is switched to make the power cylinder 323 move in the opposite direction, the gear ring 31 drives the moving block 22 to move outward synchronously via the intermediate gear 33, releasing the workpiece. The vent valve 53 is screwed onto the circulating air chamber 51. When the air pressure exceeds the set value, it automatically opens to relieve pressure and protect the power cylinder 323 and pipeline safety.

[0046] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A fixed-claw double-acting chuck, comprising a chuck body (1); characterized in that, Also includes: The clamping module (2) is rotatably connected to the disk body (1); the clamping module (2) includes a clamping plate (21) and multiple moving blocks (22). The clamping plate (21) is rotatably connected to the disk body (1), and the multiple moving blocks (22) are arranged in a circumferential array on the clamping plate (21) and are slidably connected to the clamping plate (21). A clamping pneumatic assembly (3) is disposed within the clamping module (2) for driving multiple moving blocks (22). The transmission module (4) is fixedly connected to the disc body (1) and is used to drive the clamping module (2) to rotate; An intake assembly (5) is disposed between the clamping module (2) and the transmission module (4) for driving the clamping pneumatic assembly (3). The planetary reducer (7) is fixedly connected to the intake assembly (5) and is used to drive the transmission module (4).

2. A fixed-claw double-acting chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping module (2) also includes a double-layer clamping end (23), which is fixedly connected to the moving block (22).

3. A fixed-claw double-acting chuck according to claim 2, characterized in that, The double-layer clamping end (23) includes a fixing block (231), a clamping block (232), and a limiting protrusion (233); the fixing block (231) is fixedly connected to the moving block (22), the clamping block (232) is fixedly connected to the fixing block (231), and the limiting protrusion (233) is fixedly connected to the clamping block (232).

4. A fixed-claw double-acting chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamp (21) includes an outer plate (211) and an inner plate (212); the inner plate (212) is rotatably connected to the plate body (1), the outer plate (211) is fixedly connected to the inner plate (212), and the moving block (22) is slidably connected to the outer plate (211).

5. A fixed-claw double-acting chuck according to claim 4, characterized in that, The clamping pneumatic assembly (3) includes a gear ring (31), a power assembly (32), and a transition gear (33); the gear ring (31) is rotatably connected to the disc body (1), the power assembly (32) is fixedly connected to the inner disc (212), and the transition gear (33) is rotatably connected to the power assembly (32) and meshes with the moving block (22).

6. A fixed-claw double-acting chuck according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power assembly (32) includes a positioning rod (321), a power rod (322), and a power cylinder (323); one end of the positioning rod (321) is rotatably connected to the inner disc (212), and the other end is rotatably connected to the power cylinder (323); one end of the power rod (322) is rotatably connected to the gear ring (31), and the other end is rotatably connected to the power cylinder (323).

7. A fixed-claw double-acting chuck according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transmission module (4) includes a gear cover (41), a drive gear (42), a driven gear (43), and an oil-coated helical gear (44); the gear cover (41) is fixedly connected to the disc body (1), the drive gear (42) is rotatably connected to the gear cover (41), the driven gear (43) meshes with the drive gear (42) and is fixedly connected to the inner disc (212); the oil-coated helical gear (44) is rotatably connected to the gear cover (41) and meshes with the driven gear (43).

8. A fixed-claw double-acting chuck according to claim 7, characterized in that, The intake assembly (5) includes a circulating air chamber (51), an inlet / outlet pipe (52), and a vent valve (53); the circulating air chamber (51) is fixedly connected to the disc body (1), the power cylinder (323) is connected to the circulating air chamber (51), the inlet / outlet pipe (52) is connected to the circulating air chamber (51), and the vent valve (53) is screwed to the circulating air chamber (51).

9. A fixed-claw double-acting chuck according to claim 8, characterized in that, The transmission module (4) also includes a deep groove ball bearing (45), which is coaxially disposed between the circulating air chamber (51) and the gear cover (41) and is rotatably connected to the gear cover (41).

10. A fixed-claw double-acting chuck according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a sealing assembly (6) disposed between the circulating air chamber (51) and the inner disk (212); the sealing assembly (6) includes a plurality of sealing limiting rings (61) and a plurality of soft sealing rings (62); the plurality of sealing limiting rings (61) are fixedly connected to the inner disk (212) and rotatably connected to the circulating air chamber (51); the plurality of soft sealing rings (62) are disposed between the circulating air chamber (51) and the inner disk (212).

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