Accurate positioning drilling device for machining end cover of air compressor and method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of precision positioning drilling device and method of air compressor middle end cover processing, specifically related to air compressor middle end cover processing technical field, including device base, the top of device base is fixedly installed with support frame and top bracket, the top of support frame is fixedly installed with positioning mechanism, and the upper portion of positioning mechanism is equipped with drilling mechanism;The drilling mechanism includes mechanism top frame, and mechanism top frame is fixedly installed on top bracket, and the positioning card frame and bottom support frame of detachable clamping are arranged in the application, and the positioning mold of flexible selection adaptation can be selected according to the model of air compressor end cover, simultaneously, by setting adjusting screw around fixed middle frame cooperation horizontal sliding clamping seat in horizontal sliding groove, the horizontal position of drill cylinder in X axis and Y axis direction can be manually adjusted, so that bottom drill bit, first boring cutter head and second boring cutter head are accurately one-to-one corresponding with end cover hole position to be processed, precision tool setting is realized, and the problems of low positioning precision and poor universality of existing device are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air compressor end cap processing technology, specifically to a precision positioning drilling device and method for processing air compressor end caps. Background Technology

[0002] The air compressor end cover is a core sealing and load-bearing component of the air compressor. Its machining accuracy directly determines the sealing performance, assembly accuracy, and operational stability of the entire air compressor. In the end cover machining process, the drilling process is a key process, mainly used to machine functional holes such as assembly fixing holes, pressure relief holes, and balance holes. The position accuracy, diameter accuracy, and perpendicularity of the hole surface directly affect the fit between the end cover and the machine body. If the drilling accuracy is not up to standard, problems such as air leakage, abnormal noise during operation, and loose assembly may occur, which will significantly reduce the service life and working efficiency of the air compressor. Therefore, the positioning accuracy and machining stability of the end cover drilling process have extremely high process requirements. Existing technologies for drilling assembly and fixing holes for air compressor end caps still have some problems: Firstly, end cap fixing is often achieved through rigid clamping with bolts and pressure plates, which has poor versatility and can only be adapted to the positioning and machining of a single type of end cap. Secondly, drilling and boring of end caps usually need to be completed in multiple steps on different equipment, increasing the number of clamping operations and auxiliary time. Furthermore, multiple positioning operations introduce cumulative errors, affecting the positional accuracy and coaxiality of the holes and grooves. Additionally, while coolant spraying is often used for cooling during end cap machining, the cooling medium often only acts on the drill bit surface, having limited overall cooling effect on the workpiece body, making it difficult to effectively reduce thermal deformation of the end cap during machining. Therefore, we propose a precision positioning drilling device and method for machining end caps in air compressors to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a precise positioning drilling device and method for machining the end cap of an air compressor, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a precision positioning drilling device for processing the end cover of an air compressor, comprising a device base, a support frame and a top bracket fixedly installed on the top of the device base, a positioning mechanism fixedly installed on the top of the support frame, and a drilling mechanism provided above the positioning mechanism; The drilling mechanism includes a top frame, which is fixedly mounted on a top support. A plurality of first guide rods arranged in a circular array are vertically inserted on the top frame. A bottom frame is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the plurality of first guide rods. A plurality of second guide rods arranged in a circular array are vertically inserted on the bottom frame. A pressure frame is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the plurality of second guide rods. Springs are movably sleeved on the outer sides of the second guide rods at the top end of the pressure frame and the bottom end of the bottom frame. A drilling assembly is provided on the bottom frame, and a fluid guiding assembly is provided in the middle of the drilling assembly.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drilling assembly includes a fixed middle frame, a first bearing fixedly mounted in the middle of the fixed middle frame, a drill barrel fixedly mounted in the middle of the first bearing, a bottom drill bit fixedly mounted at the bottom of the drill barrel, a first boring head and a second boring head fixedly mounted on the outer bottom of the drill barrel, the first boring head being located below the second boring head, a fluid guiding longitudinal groove formed in the middle of the drill barrel, a bottom drain groove formed at the bottom of the fluid guiding longitudinal groove, and the bottom end of the bottom drain groove extending beyond the bottom end of the bottom drill bit. The liquid guiding longitudinal groove has a middle row groove near the first boring head, with the outer end of the middle row groove aligned with the first boring head. The liquid guiding longitudinal groove has a top row groove near the second boring head, with the outer end of the top row groove aligned with the second boring head. The outer sides of the fixed middle frame are all provided with transverse sliding grooves, and transverse sliding brackets are slidably fitted in each transverse sliding groove. A second bearing is fixedly fitted in the middle of each transverse sliding bracket, and an adjusting screw is fixedly installed in the middle of each second bearing. The adjusting screws are threadedly installed around the bottom frame of the mechanism.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a mounting frame is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the fixed middle frame, and a bottom fixed frame is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the mounting frame. The bottom fixed frame and the fixed middle frame are arranged coaxially. The drill barrel movably passes through the bottom fixed frame. A plurality of positioning balls distributed in a ring array are rolled and fitted on the inner side of the bottom fixed frame. The positioning balls are in contact with the outer wall of the drill barrel.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a motor bracket is fixedly installed at the top of the fixed middle frame, a first motor is fixedly installed at the top of the motor bracket, a first bevel gear is fixedly installed at the drive end of the first motor, and a second bevel gear is fixedly installed at the top of the drill barrel, with the second bevel gear and the first bevel gear meshing together.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid guiding assembly includes a liquid guiding top tube, a liquid guiding bottom tube fixedly installed at the bottom end of the liquid guiding top tube, the liquid guiding bottom tube being movably engaged in the liquid guiding longitudinal groove, a sealing ring fixedly installed at the bottom outer side of the liquid guiding bottom tube, the outer side of the sealing ring contacting the inner wall of the liquid guiding longitudinal groove, a top-fixing frame provided at the top outer side of the liquid guiding top tube, a third bearing fixedly installed in the middle of the top-fixing frame, the third bearing fixedly installed at the top outer side of the liquid guiding top tube, a plurality of rotating shafts arranged in a ring array fixedly installed on the outer side of the top-fixing frame, a connecting frame rotatably installed on the outer side of each rotating shaft, a connecting longitudinal rod vertically slidingly engaged on each connecting frame, a positioning ring fixedly installed at the top of each connecting longitudinal rod, the positioning ring slidingly engaged on the connecting frame, and the bottom end of the connecting longitudinal rod and the top end of the corresponding second guide rod fixedly installed.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a rotary seal is fixedly fastened to the top of the liquid guiding pipe, a connecting bend is fixedly fastened to the middle of the rotary seal, an L-shaped bracket is fixedly installed on the outer side of the connecting bend, and the L-shaped bracket is fixedly installed on the outer side of the top fixed frame.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, lifting cylinders are vertically installed on the top frame of the mechanism near the first guide rod, and the driving end of the lifting cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the bottom frame of the mechanism.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the positioning mechanism includes a structural frame, which is fixedly installed on the top of a support frame. A positioning frame is detachably mounted on the structural frame. A bottom support frame is provided in the middle of the positioning frame. A positioning groove is formed between the inner side of the positioning frame and the upper surface of the bottom support frame. A drill rod groove is provided in the middle of the bottom support frame. A cooling cavity is provided in the middle of the bottom support frame. A partition plate is fixedly mounted on one end of the cooling cavity. Connecting pipes are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the bottom support frames on both sides of the partition plate. Connecting clamps are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the connecting pipes. Connecting hoses are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the connecting clamps. The external movable clamp is equipped with multiple top material rods arranged in a ring array. A connecting ring is fixedly installed at the bottom end of each top material rod. A U-shaped support frame is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting ring. A drive cross frame is provided in the middle of the U-shaped support frame. A drive sleeve is movably installed in the drive cross frame. A drive lever is fixedly installed in the middle of the drive sleeve. A connecting rod is vertically installed at the end of the drive lever. A drive cross rod is vertically installed at the top of the connecting rod. The drive cross rod is rotatably installed at the bottom of the structural outer frame. A second motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the structural outer frame near the drive cross rod. The drive end of the second motor and the drive cross rod are coaxially fixedly installed.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a support block is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner side of the outer frame of the structure, the bottom end of the positioning card frame contacts the top end of the support block, a fixing bolt is threaded on the outer frame of the structure, and the end of the fixing bolt is threaded on the positioning card frame.

[0013] A method for using a precision positioning drilling device for machining the end cover of an air compressor includes the following steps: Step 1: According to the end cap model, select and install the appropriate positioning clip frame, bottom support frame and top pressure frame, and fix them to the outer frame of the structure with fixing bolts. Then, put the end cap to be processed into the positioning groove to complete the initial positioning. At the same time, the external coolant system injects circulating coolant into the cooling chamber built into the bottom support frame. Step 2: Manually rotate the adjusting screws around the bottom frame of the mechanism. By sliding the horizontal sliding seat in the horizontal sliding groove, the fixed middle frame moves slightly in the horizontal direction of the X and Y axes, so that the axes of the bottom drill bit, the first boring head and the second boring head on the drill barrel are precisely aligned with the hole to be machined on the end cover, thus completing the positioning. Step 3: Activate the lifting cylinder to push the bottom frame of the mechanism to descend vertically. The top pressure frame first contacts the top surface of the end cover and compresses the spring to achieve flexible clamping. Then the bottom frame of the mechanism continues to descend, and the drilling assembly and the fluid guiding assembly descend synchronously. Meanwhile, the top pressure frame always maintains continuous pressure on the end cover to ensure processing rigidity. Step 4: Start the first motor to drive the first bevel gear to drive the second bevel gear to rotate at high speed, thereby controlling the drill barrel, bottom drill bit, first boring head and second boring head to rotate at high speed. During the continuous downward movement of the drilling assembly and the fluid guiding assembly, the bottom drill bit first contacts the workpiece and drills out the bottom hole. Then the first boring head and the second boring head enter the hole in sequence, and gradually perform first-stage boring and second-stage boring on the hole wall, completing the drilling and precision boring process in one go. The cutting fluid is introduced into the top and bottom pipes of the fluid guide through the connecting bend. As the drilling assembly moves down, the top pressure frame is pushed up by the workpiece and moves up. The second guide rod drives the connecting longitudinal rod and the top fixing frame to move up, so that the bottom pipe of the fluid guide rises synchronously in the fluid guide longitudinal groove. The bottom end of the fluid guide tube passes through the bottom drain groove, the middle drain groove and the top drain groove in sequence, so that the cutting fluid is sprayed onto the machining areas of the bottom drill bit, the first boring head and the second boring head in sequence, so as to achieve graded and precise cooling and lubrication in sync with the machining process. Meanwhile, during the entire drilling and boring process, the cooling chamber inside the bottom support frame continuously circulates coolant to exchange heat with the end cap inside the positioning groove, thus suppressing thermal deformation. Step 5: After processing is completed, turn on the second motor to drive the drive crossbar, connecting rod, drive lever, and drive sleeve to rotate. The drive sleeve slides in the drive crossbar frame and pushes the drive crossbar frame, U-shaped support frame, connecting ring, and multiple push rods to move upward, pushing out the end cover for convenient unloading of the end cover.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention, by setting a detachable and snap-fit ​​positioning frame and a bottom support frame, allows for flexible selection of a suitable positioning mold according to the model of the air compressor end cover. At the same time, by setting adjusting screws around the fixed middle frame to slide in the horizontal sliding groove with the horizontal sliding seat, the horizontal position of the drill barrel in the X and Y axis directions can be manually adjusted, so that the bottom drill bit, the first boring head and the second boring head are precisely aligned with the holes to be machined on the end cover, achieving precise tool setting and effectively solving the problems of low positioning accuracy and poor versatility of existing devices.

[0015] 2. In this invention, an annular cooling chamber is provided in the middle of the bottom support frame, which, together with the external coolant circulation system, enables continuous circulation of coolant to exchange heat with the end cap in the positioning groove, reducing thermal deformation during drilling. At the same time, the bottom drill bit, the first boring head, and the second boring head are cooled and lubricated at specific points through the liquid guiding component. The dual cooling effect improves the drilling quality of the end cap.

[0016] 3. This invention integrates a bottom drill bit, a first boring head, and a second boring head on the drill barrel. By driving the drill barrel to rotate at high speed and coordinating with the continuous downward movement of the drilling assembly, the bottom drill bit drills first, followed by the first boring head and the second boring head sequentially entering the hole slot for primary and secondary boring. Drilling and precision boring can be completed with a single clamping and a single feed, reducing the number of clamping operations and auxiliary time, while ensuring the coaxiality and positional accuracy of the hole slot.

[0017] 4. This invention, by setting up a fluid guiding component, utilizes the upward movement of the top pressure frame due to the reverse push of the workpiece, causing the bottom fluid guiding pipe to move synchronously upward within the fluid guiding longitudinal groove. Its bottom end passes through the bottom drain groove, middle drain groove, and top drain groove in sequence. The cutting fluid is gradually sprayed out according to the machining sequence of drilling, first-stage boring, and second-stage boring. No fluid is supplied during the stage before the bottom drill bit, first boring head, or second boring head contacts the workpiece, thus achieving graded cooling and lubrication that matches the machining process and effectively reducing the waste of cutting fluid. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling mechanism in this invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the structural connection between the drilling assembly and the fluid guiding assembly in this invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling assembly in this invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structural connection of the drilling assembly in this invention.

[0024] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structural connection between the drill barrel and the fluid guide tube in this invention.

[0026] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structural connection of the drilling mechanism in this invention.

[0028] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 A magnified view of point C in the middle.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism in this invention.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism in this invention from another angle.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the outer frame of the structure in this invention.

[0032] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structural connection of the positioning mechanism in this invention.

[0033] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structural connection between the drive frame and the drive sleeve in this invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Device base; 11. Support frame; 12. Top support; 2. Positioning mechanism; 3. Drilling mechanism; 4. Drilling assembly; 5. Fluid guiding assembly; 31. Mechanism top frame; 32. First guide rod; 33. Mechanism bottom frame; 34. Lifting cylinder; 35. Second guide rod; 351. Spring; 36. Top pressure frame; 41. Fixed middle frame; 411. First bearing; 4001. Horizontal slide groove; 412. Horizontal... 413. Sliding bracket; 414. Second bearing; 415. Adjusting screw; 42. Drill barrel; 43. Bottom drill bit; 44. First boring head; 45. Second boring head; 46. Mounting frame; 461. Bottom fixing frame; 462. Positioning ball; 47. Motor bracket; 48. Second bevel gear; 481. First motor; 482. First bevel gear; 401. Fluid guiding longitudinal channel; 402. Bottom drain channel; 403. Middle drain trough; 404, top drain trough; 51, liquid guiding top pipe; 511, rotary seal; 512, connecting bend; 513, L-shaped bracket; 52, liquid guiding bottom pipe; 53, sealing ring; 54, top fixing outer frame; 541, third bearing; 55, rotating shaft; 56, connecting frame; 57, connecting longitudinal rod; 571, positioning ring; 21, structural outer frame; 211, support block; 212, fixing bolt; 22. Positioning frame; 23. Base support frame; 231. Cooling chamber; 232. Partition plate; 233. Connecting pipe; 234. Connecting clamp; 235. Connecting hose; 236. Drill rod groove; 24. Top rod; 241. Connecting ring; 25. U-shaped support frame; 26. Drive cross frame; 27. Drive sleeve; 271. Drive lever; 272. Connecting rod; 273. Drive cross bar; 28. Second motor. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Example: Figure 1-15 As shown, the present invention provides a precision positioning drilling device for processing the middle end cover of an air compressor, including a device base 1, a support frame 11 and a top bracket 12 fixedly installed on the top of the device base 1, a positioning mechanism 2 fixedly installed on the top of the support frame 11, and a drilling mechanism 3 provided above the positioning mechanism 2. The positioning mechanism 2 includes a structural frame 21, which is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame 11. A positioning frame 22 is detachably installed in the structural frame 21. A bottom support frame 23 is provided in the middle of the positioning frame 22. A positioning groove is formed between the inner side of the positioning frame 22 and the upper surface of the bottom support frame 23. The end cap to be drilled is placed in the positioning groove for positioning. A drill rod groove 236 is provided in the middle of the bottom support frame 23 to facilitate the subsequent bottom drill bit 43 to pass through the drill rod groove 236. A ring-shaped cooling chamber 231 is provided in the middle of the bottom support frame 23. A partition plate 232 is fixedly installed at one end of the cooling chamber 231 to divide the ring-shaped cooling chamber 231. Connecting pipes 233 are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the bottom support frame 23 on both sides of the partition plate 232. Connecting clips 234 are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the connecting pipes 233 and connecting hoses 235 are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the connecting clips 234. The ends of the two connecting hoses 235 are connected to the output end and input end of the external coolant circulation system, respectively. When the external coolant circulation system is turned on, the coolant is introduced into the cooling chamber 231 through one of the connecting hoses 235 and discharged through the other connecting hose 235, so as to circulate the coolant in the cooling chamber 231. This can continuously cool the positioned end cap, thereby effectively reducing the thermal deformation generated when drilling the end cap and further improving the drilling quality of the end cap. The bottom support frame 23 is externally fitted with multiple top rods 24 arranged in a circular array. In the initial state, the top of the top rods 24 is flush with the inner lower wall of the positioning groove. A connecting ring 241 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the multiple top rods 24. A U-shaped support frame 25 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting ring 241. A drive cross frame 26 is provided in the middle of the U-shaped support frame 25. A drive sleeve 27 is movably fitted in the drive cross frame 26. A drive lever 271 is fixedly installed in the middle of the drive sleeve 27. A connecting rod 272 is vertically installed at the end of the drive lever 271. A drive cross bar 273 is vertically installed at the top of the connecting rod 272. The rod 273 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the outer frame 21. A second motor 28 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer frame 21 near the drive crossbar 273. The drive end of the second motor 28 is coaxially fixedly installed with the drive crossbar 273. After the end cover is drilled, the second motor 28 is turned on to drive the drive crossbar 273, connecting rod 272, drive lever 271, and drive sleeve 27 to rotate. The drive sleeve 27 slides in the drive cross frame 26 and pushes the drive cross frame 26, U-shaped support frame 25, connecting ring 241, and multiple push rods 24 to move upward, pushing out the end cover for convenient unloading.

[0037] A support block 211 is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner side of the outer frame 21. The bottom end of the positioning frame 22 contacts the top end of the support block 211. A fixing bolt 212 is threaded on the outer frame 21. The end thread of the fixing bolt 212 is installed on the positioning frame 22 to fix the positioning frame 22 and the outer frame 21. This makes it easy to select and install the appropriate positioning frame 22 and bottom support frame 23 according to the model of the air compressor end cover to position the air compressor end cover.

[0038] The drilling mechanism 3 includes a top frame 31, which is fixedly mounted on a top support 12. Multiple first guide rods 32 arranged in a circular array are vertically inserted into the top frame 31. A bottom frame 33 is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of each first guide rod 32. Multiple second guide rods 35 arranged in a circular array are vertically inserted into the bottom frame 33. A pressure frame 36 is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of each second guide rod 35. Springs 351 are movably sleeved on the outer sides of the second guide rods 35 at the top of the pressure frame 36 and the bottom of the bottom frame 33. A drilling assembly 4 is mounted on the bottom frame 33, and a fluid guiding assembly 5 is located in the middle of the drilling assembly 4. Vertically mounted components are also present on the top frame 31 near the first guide rods 32. The lifting cylinder 34 is fixedly installed at the top of the mechanism base frame 33. By opening the lifting cylinder 34 to extend, the mechanism base frame 33 is controlled to drive the drilling assembly 4 and the fluid guiding assembly 5 to descend, and at the same time drive the top pressure frame 36 to descend until the top pressure frame 36 presses on the top of the end cap to be drilled, thus pressing the top of the end cap. Subsequently, as the mechanism base frame 33 continues to descend, the drilling assembly 4 and the fluid guiding assembly 5 continue to descend, and at the same time, the top pressure frame 36 continues to press on the top of the end cap. Meanwhile, multiple second guide rods 35 move upward relative to the mechanism base frame 33 and compress the spring 351, so that the top pressure frame 36 continues to press on the top of the end cap, increasing the stability of the end cap during drilling.

[0039] The drilling assembly 4 includes a fixed middle frame 41, a first bearing 411 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the fixed middle frame 41, a drill barrel 42 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the first bearing 411, a bottom drill bit 43 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the drill barrel 42, a first boring head 44 and a second boring head 45 are fixedly mounted on the outer bottom of the drill barrel 42, the first boring head 44 is located below the second boring head 45, and a fluid guiding groove 4 is formed in the middle of the drill barrel 42. 01. A bottom drain groove 402 is provided at the bottom of the liquid guiding longitudinal groove 401. The bottom end of the bottom drain groove 402 extends to the bottom end of the bottom drill bit 43. A middle drain groove 403 is provided near the first boring head 44 of the liquid guiding longitudinal groove 401. The outer end of the middle drain groove 403 is aligned with the first boring head 44. A top drain groove 404 is provided near the second boring head 45 of the liquid guiding longitudinal groove 401. The outer end of the top drain groove 404 is aligned with the second boring head 45. A horizontal sliding groove 4001 is provided on all four outer sides of the fixed middle frame 41. A horizontal sliding bracket 412 is slidably engaged in each horizontal sliding groove 4001. A second bearing 413 is fixedly engaged in the middle of each horizontal sliding bracket 412. An adjusting screw 414 is fixedly installed in the middle of each second bearing 413. The adjusting screws 414 are threaded around the bottom frame 33 of the mechanism. By setting the adjusting screws 414 around the fixed middle frame 41, the horizontal sliding brackets 412 can slide in the horizontal sliding groove 4001. By manually rotating the corresponding adjusting screw 414 according to the drilling position of the end cap, the fixed middle frame 41 is moved in the X-axis and Y-axis within the bottom frame 33 of the mechanism. This allows for flexible adjustment of the horizontal position of the drill barrel 42 relative to the end cap, thereby accurately positioning the drill barrel 42, the bottom drill bit 43, the first boring head 44, and the second boring head 45. This ensures that the positions of the drill barrel 42, the bottom drill bit 43, the first boring head 44, and the second boring head 45 correspond precisely to the drilling position of the end cap.

[0040] A mounting frame 46 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed middle frame 41, and a bottom fixed frame 461 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting frame 46. The bottom fixed frame 461 and the fixed middle frame 41 are arranged coaxially. The drill barrel 42 moves through the bottom fixed frame 461. Multiple positioning balls 462 distributed in a ring array are rolled on the inner side of the bottom fixed frame 461. The positioning balls 462 are in contact with the outer wall of the drill barrel 42. By setting the bottom fixed frame 461 and installing multiple positioning balls 462, which are in contact with the outer wall of the drill barrel 42, the drill barrel 42 can be auxiliaryly positioned to prevent the drill barrel 42 from vibrating during drilling and further improve the stability of drilling and boring the end cap.

[0041] A motor bracket 47 is fixedly installed at the top of the fixed middle frame 41. A first motor 481 is fixedly installed at the top of the motor bracket 47. A first bevel gear 482 is fixedly installed at the drive end of the first motor 481. A second bevel gear 48 is fixedly installed at the top of the drill barrel 42. The second bevel gear 48 and the first bevel gear 482 are meshed together. By turning on the first motor 481, the first bevel gear 482 is driven to drive the second bevel gear 48 to rotate at high speed, thereby controlling the drill barrel 42, the bottom drill bit 43, the first boring head 44 and the second boring head 45 to rotate at high speed. With the descent of the drilling assembly 4, the bottom drill bit 43 first contacts the end cover to perform drilling. Subsequently, the first boring head 44 and the second boring head 45 gradually contact the hole groove, gradually performing first-stage boring and second-stage boring on the hole groove of the end cover, improving the smoothness and quality of the inner wall of the hole groove of the end cover.

[0042] The fluid guiding assembly 5 includes a fluid guiding top pipe 51, with a fluid guiding bottom pipe 52 fixedly installed at the bottom end of the fluid guiding top pipe 51. The fluid guiding bottom pipe 52 is movably engaged in the fluid guiding longitudinal groove 401. A sealing ring 53 is fixedly installed on the outer bottom of the fluid guiding bottom pipe 52, and the outer side of the sealing ring 53 contacts the inner wall of the fluid guiding longitudinal groove 401. In the initial state, the bottom of the fluid guiding bottom pipe 52 extends to the bottom position of the fluid guiding longitudinal groove 401. At this time, the cutting fluid in the fluid guiding bottom pipe 52 can only be discharged through the bottom drain groove 402 to cool and lubricate the bottom drill bit 43, and cannot be discharged from the middle drain groove 403 or the top drain groove 404. A top fixing frame 54 is provided on the outer top of the fluid guiding top pipe 51, and a third bearing 541 is fixedly installed in the middle of the top fixing frame 54. The third bearing 541 is fixedly installed in the guide pipe. On the outer top of the liquid jacking pipe 51, multiple rotating shafts 55 arranged in a ring array are fixedly installed on the outer side of the jacking frame 54. A connecting frame 56 is rotatably installed on the outer side of each rotating shaft 55. A connecting longitudinal rod 57 is vertically slidably clamped on each connecting frame 56. A positioning ring 571 is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting longitudinal rod 57. The positioning ring 571 is slidably clamped on the connecting frame 56. When the horizontal position of the drill barrel 42 relative to the end cap is adjusted, the liquid jacking pipe 51 is adjusted synchronously. At this time, the jacking frame 54 and the connecting frame 56 rotatably connected on the outer side are adjusted synchronously. The connecting frame 56 slides on the outer side of the connecting longitudinal rod 57 and the positioning ring 571, so that the connecting longitudinal rod 57 is always connected to the connecting frame 56, the jacking frame 54 and the liquid jacking pipe 51. The bottom end of the connecting rod 57 and the top end of the corresponding second guide rod 35 are fixedly installed. The connecting rod 57 moves through the top frame 31 of the mechanism. When the multiple second guide rods 35 move upward relative to the bottom frame 33 of the mechanism, they drive the connecting rod 57, the connecting frame 56, the top fixed outer frame 54, the top guide pipe 51, and the bottom guide pipe 52 to rise relative to the drill barrel 42. At this time, the bottom guide pipe 52 moves upward in the guide longitudinal groove 401. At this time, the bottom of the bottom guide pipe 52 gradually moves upward through the middle drain groove 403 and the top drain groove 404. The cutting fluid is gradually discharged through the middle drain groove 403 and the top drain groove 404 to cool and lubricate the positions of the first boring head 44 and the second boring head 45. Thus, when the bottom drill bit 43, the first boring head 44, and the second boring head 45 gradually contact the end cap for machining, the corresponding cutting fluid is gradually discharged through the bottom drain groove 402, the middle drain groove 403, and the top drain groove 404.

[0043] The top of the fluid guide tube 51 is fixed with a rotary seal 511, and the middle of the rotary seal 511 is fixed with a connecting bend 512. An L-shaped bracket 513 is fixedly installed on the outside of the connecting bend 512. The L-shaped bracket 513 is fixedly installed on the outside of the top frame 54, connecting the end of the connecting bend 512 to the external cutting fluid output system. When the cutting fluid output system is started, the cutting fluid is introduced into the fluid guide tube 51 and the fluid guide bottom tube 52 through the connecting bend 512.

[0044] A method for using a precision positioning drilling device for machining the end cover of an air compressor includes the following steps: Step 1: According to the end cap model, select and install the appropriate positioning frame 22, bottom support frame 23 and top pressure frame 36, and fix them in the outer frame 21 of the structure with fixing bolts 212. Then, put the end cap to be processed into the positioning groove to complete the initial positioning. At the same time, the external coolant system injects circulating coolant into the cooling chamber 231 built into the bottom support frame 23. Step 2: Manually rotate the adjusting screws 414 around the bottom frame 33 of the mechanism. Through the sliding of the horizontal sliding seat 412 in the horizontal sliding groove 4001, the fixed middle frame 41 is moved slightly in the horizontal direction of the X-axis and Y-axis, so that the axis of the bottom drill bit 43, the first boring head 44 and the second boring head 45 on the drill barrel 42 are precisely aligned with the hole to be processed on the end cover, thus completing the positioning. Step 3: Start the lifting cylinder 34 to push the bottom frame 33 of the mechanism to descend vertically. The top pressure frame 36 first contacts the top surface of the end cover and compresses the spring 351 to achieve flexible clamping. Then the bottom frame 33 of the mechanism continues to descend, and the drilling assembly 4 and the liquid guiding assembly 5 descend synchronously. The top pressure frame 36 always maintains continuous pressure on the end cover to ensure processing rigidity. Step 4: Start the first motor 481 to drive the first bevel gear 482 to drive the second bevel gear 48 to rotate at high speed, thereby controlling the drill barrel 42, bottom drill bit 43, first boring head 44 and second boring head 45 to rotate at high speed. During the continuous downward movement of the drilling assembly 4 and the fluid guiding assembly 5, the bottom drill bit 43 first contacts the workpiece and drills out the bottom hole. Then the first boring head 44 and the second boring head 45 enter the hole in sequence, and gradually perform first-stage boring and second-stage boring on the hole wall, completing the drilling and precision boring process in one go. The cutting fluid is introduced into the top pipe 51 and the bottom pipe 52 through the connecting bend 512. As the drilling assembly 4 moves down, the top pressure frame 36 is pushed up by the workpiece and rises relative to it. The second guide rod 35 drives the connecting longitudinal rod 57 and the top fixing frame 54 to move up, so that the bottom pipe 52 rises synchronously in the longitudinal groove 401. The bottom end of the fluid guide tube 52 passes through the bottom drain 402, the middle drain 403 and the top drain 404 in sequence, so that the cutting fluid is sprayed onto the machining areas of the bottom drill bit 43, the first boring head 44 and the second boring head 45 in sequence, so as to achieve graded and precise cooling and lubrication in sync with the machining process. Meanwhile, during the entire drilling and boring process, the cooling chamber 231 inside the bottom support frame 23 continuously circulates coolant to exchange heat with the end cap inside the positioning groove, thus suppressing thermal deformation. Step 5: After processing is completed, turn on the second motor 28 to drive the drive crossbar 273, connecting rod 272, drive lever 271, and drive sleeve 27 to rotate. The drive sleeve 27 slides in the drive cross frame 26 and pushes the drive cross frame 26, U-shaped support frame 25, connecting ring 241, and multiple push rods 24 to move upward, pushing out the end cover for convenient unloading of the end cover.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A precision positioning drilling device for machining the end cap of an air compressor, comprising a device base (1), characterized in that: The top of the device base (1) is fixedly installed with a support frame (11) and a top bracket (12). The top of the support frame (11) is fixedly installed with a positioning mechanism (2). A drilling mechanism (3) is provided above the positioning mechanism (2). The drilling mechanism (3) includes a top frame (31), which is fixedly mounted on a top support (12). A plurality of first guide rods (32) arranged in a ring array are vertically inserted on the top frame (31). A bottom frame (33) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the plurality of first guide rods (32). A plurality of second guide rods (35) arranged in a ring array are vertically inserted on the bottom frame (33). A top pressure frame (36) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the plurality of second guide rods (35). A spring (351) is movably sleeved on the outer side of the second guide rods (35) at the top end of the top pressure frame (36) and the bottom end of the bottom frame (33). A drilling assembly (4) is provided on the bottom frame (33). A fluid guiding assembly (5) is provided in the middle of the drilling assembly (4).

2. The precision positioning drilling device for machining the end cover of an air compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling assembly (4) includes a fixed middle frame (41), a first bearing (411) is fixedly mounted in the middle of the fixed middle frame (41), a drill barrel (42) is fixedly mounted in the middle of the first bearing (411), a bottom drill bit (43) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the drill barrel (42), a first boring head (44) and a second boring head (45) are fixedly mounted on the outer bottom of the drill barrel (42), the first boring head (44) is located below the second boring head (45), a liquid guiding longitudinal groove (401) is opened in the middle of the drill barrel (42), a bottom discharge groove (402) is opened at the bottom of the liquid guiding longitudinal groove (401), the bottom end of the bottom discharge groove (402) extends out of the bottom end of the bottom drill bit (43), and the liquid guiding longitudinal groove (401) is close to the first A middle groove (403) is provided at the position of the boring head (44), and the outer end of the middle groove (403) is aligned with the first boring head (44). A top groove (404) is provided near the second boring head (45) of the liquid guiding groove (401), and the outer end of the top groove (404) is aligned with the second boring head (45). A horizontal sliding groove (4001) is provided on the outer periphery of the fixed middle frame (41). A horizontal sliding bracket (412) is slidably installed in each horizontal sliding groove (4001). A second bearing (413) is fixedly installed in the middle of each horizontal sliding bracket (412). An adjusting screw (414) is fixedly installed in the middle of each second bearing (413). The adjusting screw (414) is threadedly installed around the bottom frame (33) of the mechanism.

3. The precision positioning drilling device for machining the end cover of an air compressor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom end of the fixed middle frame (41) is fixedly installed with a mounting frame (46), and the bottom end of the mounting frame (46) is fixedly installed with a bottom fixed frame (461). The bottom fixed frame (461) and the fixed middle frame (41) are arranged coaxially. The drill barrel (42) moves through the bottom fixed frame (461). The inner side of the bottom fixed frame (461) is fitted with a plurality of positioning balls (462) arranged in a ring array. The positioning balls (462) are in contact with the outer wall of the drill barrel (42).

4. The precision positioning drilling device for machining the end cover of an air compressor according to claim 3, characterized in that: A motor bracket (47) is fixedly installed at the top of the fixed frame (41), a first motor (481) is fixedly installed at the top of the motor bracket (47), a first bevel gear (482) is fixedly installed at the drive end of the first motor (481), and a second bevel gear (48) is fixedly installed at the top of the drill barrel (42). The second bevel gear (48) and the first bevel gear (482) are meshed together.

5. The precision positioning drilling device for machining the end cover of an air compressor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid guiding assembly (5) includes a liquid guiding top tube (51), and a liquid guiding bottom tube (52) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the liquid guiding top tube (51). The liquid guiding bottom tube (52) is movably snapped into the liquid guiding longitudinal groove (401). A sealing ring (53) is fixedly installed at the bottom outer side of the liquid guiding bottom tube (52). The outer side of the sealing ring (53) is in contact with the inner wall of the liquid guiding longitudinal groove (401). A top-fixing frame (54) is provided at the top outer side of the liquid guiding top tube (51). A third bearing (541) is fixedly installed in the middle of the top-fixing frame (54). The top of the liquid guide tube (51) is fixedly installed on the outside of the top frame (54). Multiple rotating shafts (55) are fixedly installed on the outside of the top frame (54). A connecting frame (56) is rotatably installed on the outside of each rotating shaft (55). A connecting rod (57) is vertically slidably mounted on each connecting frame (56). A positioning ring (571) is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting rod (57). The positioning ring (571) is slidably mounted on the connecting frame (56). The bottom end of the connecting rod (57) and the top end of the corresponding second guide rod (35) are fixedly installed.

6. The precision positioning drilling device for machining the end cover of an air compressor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the liquid guiding pipe (51) is fixedly fitted with a rotary seal (511), and the middle part of the rotary seal (511) is fixedly fitted with a connecting bend (512). An L-shaped bracket (513) is fixedly installed on the outside of the connecting bend (512), and the L-shaped bracket (513) is fixedly installed on the outside of the top fixed outer frame (54).

7. The precision positioning drilling device for machining the end cover of an air compressor according to claim 6, characterized in that: Lifting cylinders (34) are vertically installed on the top frame (31) of the mechanism near the first guide rod (32), and the driving end of the lifting cylinders (34) is fixedly installed on the top of the bottom frame (33) of the mechanism.

8. The precision positioning drilling device for machining the end cover of an air compressor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (2) includes a structural frame (21), which is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame (11). A positioning frame (22) is detachably installed in the structural frame (21). A bottom support frame (23) is provided in the middle of the positioning frame (22). A positioning groove is formed between the inner side of the positioning frame (22) and the upper surface of the bottom support frame (23). A drill rod groove (236) is opened in the middle of the bottom support frame (23). A cooling cavity (231) is opened in the middle of the bottom support frame (23). A partition plate (232) is fixedly installed at one end of the cooling cavity (231). A connecting pipe (233) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the bottom support frame (233) on both sides of the partition plate (232). A connecting head (234) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting pipe (233). A connecting hose (235) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting head (234). The outer part of the bottom support frame (23) is movable. The moving plate is equipped with multiple top rods (24) arranged in a ring array. A connecting ring (241) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the multiple top rods (24). A U-shaped support frame (25) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting ring (241). A drive cross frame (26) is provided in the middle of the U-shaped support frame (25). A drive sleeve (27) is movably installed in the drive cross frame (26). A drive lever (271) is fixedly installed in the middle of the drive sleeve (27). A connecting rod (272) is vertically installed at the end of the drive lever (271). A drive cross bar (273) is vertically installed at the top of the connecting rod (272). The drive cross bar (273) is rotatably installed at the bottom of the structural frame (21). A second motor (28) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the structural frame (21) near the drive cross bar (273). The drive end of the second motor (28) and the drive cross bar (273) are coaxially fixedly installed.

9. The precision positioning drilling device for machining the end cover of an air compressor according to claim 8, characterized in that: A support block (211) is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner side of the outer frame (21). The bottom end of the positioning frame (22) is in contact with the top end of the support block (211). A fixing bolt (212) is threaded on the outer frame (21). The end of the fixing bolt (212) is threaded on the positioning frame (22).

10. A method of using the precision positioning drilling device for machining the end cap of an air compressor as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: According to the end cap model, select and install the appropriate positioning frame (22), bottom support frame (23), and top pressure frame (36), and fix them in the outer frame (21) of the structure with fixing bolts (212). Then, put the end cap to be processed into the positioning groove to complete the initial positioning. At the same time, the external coolant system injects circulating coolant into the cooling chamber (231) built into the bottom support frame (23). Step 2: Manually rotate the adjusting screws (414) around the bottom frame (33) of the mechanism. By sliding the horizontal sliding seat (412) in the horizontal sliding groove (4001), the fixed middle frame (41) is moved slightly in the horizontal direction of the X-axis and Y-axis, so that the axes of the bottom drill bit (43), the first boring head (44) and the second boring head (45) on the drill barrel (42) are precisely aligned with the hole to be processed on the end cover, thus completing the positioning. Step 3: Start the lifting cylinder (34) to push the bottom frame (33) of the mechanism to descend vertically. The top pressure frame (36) first contacts the top surface of the end cover and compresses the spring (351) to achieve flexible clamping. Then the bottom frame (33) of the mechanism continues to descend, and the drilling assembly (4) and the liquid guiding assembly (5) descend synchronously. The top pressure frame (36) always maintains continuous pressure on the end cover to ensure processing rigidity. Step 4: Start the first motor (481) to drive the first bevel gear (482) to drive the second bevel gear (48) to rotate at high speed, thereby controlling the drill barrel (42), bottom drill bit (43), first boring head (44) and second boring head (45) to rotate at high speed. During the continuous downward movement of the drilling assembly (4) and the fluid guiding assembly (5), the bottom drill bit (43) first contacts the workpiece and drills out the bottom hole. Then the first boring head (44) and the second boring head (45) enter the hole in sequence, and gradually perform first-stage boring and second-stage boring on the hole wall, completing the drilling and precision boring process in one go. The cutting fluid is introduced into the top pipe (51) and bottom pipe (52) through the connecting bend (512). As the drilling assembly (4) moves down, the top pressure frame (36) is pushed up by the workpiece and rises relative to it. The second guide rod (35) drives the connecting longitudinal rod (57) and the top fixing frame (54) to move up, so that the bottom pipe (52) rises synchronously in the longitudinal groove (401). The bottom end of the fluid guide tube (52) passes through the bottom drain groove (402), the middle drain groove (403) and the top drain groove (404) in sequence, so that the cutting fluid is sprayed onto the machining area of ​​the bottom drill bit (43), the first boring head (44) and the second boring head (45) in sequence, so as to achieve graded and precise cooling and lubrication synchronized with the machining process; Meanwhile, during the entire drilling and boring process, the cooling chamber (231) inside the bottom support frame (23) continuously circulates coolant to exchange heat with the end cap in the positioning groove and suppress thermal deformation. Step 5: After processing is completed, turn on the second motor (28) to drive the drive crossbar (273), connecting rod (272), drive lever (271), and drive sleeve (27) to rotate. The drive sleeve (27) slides in the drive cross frame (26). The drive sleeve (27) pushes the drive cross frame (26), U-shaped support frame (25), connecting ring (241), and multiple push rods (24) to move upward, push out the end cover, and facilitate the unloading of the end cover.

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