A directional internal cooling solid carbide milling cutter and its chip breaking helical groove structure

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of milling cutter, in particular to a directional internal cooling whole carbide milling cutter and its chip breaking helical groove structure, which comprises: an alloy milling cutter; a steady flow mechanism, the steady flow mechanism comprises a mounting disc arranged on the upper end surface of the alloy milling cutter, the upper end surface of the mounting disc is provided with a storage barrel, the inside of the storage barrel is sequentially provided with a vibration absorbing assembly and an interconnection assembly from bottom to top, the inside of the interconnection assembly is provided with a plurality of counterweight assemblies and a friction assembly, and the opposite sides of the interconnection assembly are provided with elastic rings. Through the storage barrel, the interconnection assembly, the counterweight assembly and the friction assembly in the steady flow mechanism, the cutting fluid input into the alloy milling cutter through the input pipe is buffered, so that when the cutting fluid enters the input pipe, the uneven radial impact force formed by the cutting fluid under the action of centrifugal force when the milling cutter rotates at high speed is avoided, the vibration of the milling cutter during work is reduced, and the machining precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of end mill technology, specifically to a directional internally cooled integral carbide end mill and its chip-breaking spiral groove structure. Background Technology

[0002] A type of directional internally cooled solid carbide end mill is a high-efficiency cutting tool with a solid carbide body and pre-set layered directional cooling channels inside. It delivers high-pressure cutting fluid through the machine tool spindle, which is precisely guided to each area of ​​the cutting edge through the layered directional channels inside the cutter body. It directionally and quickly removes the concentrated heat in the cutting area and washes away the fine chips after cutting in layers. At the same time, with the high hardness and high wear resistance of carbide, it is suitable for high-precision milling of various materials such as steel, cast iron, non-ferrous metals and composite materials. It can accurately suppress local high temperature on the cutting edge, reduce unilateral tool wear, and significantly reduce local thermal deformation of the workpiece. It simultaneously improves cutting stability, machining dimensional accuracy and machining efficiency. It is widely used in precision machinery manufacturing, high-end mold precision machining, aerospace structural component milling and other scenarios with strict requirements for cooling uniformity and cutting stability.

[0003] Existing directional internally cooled solid carbide end mills, using solid carbide as the cutter body base and pre-designed directional internal cooling channels, can deliver high-pressure cutting fluid to the vicinity of the cutting edge via the machine tool spindle. Leveraging the high hardness and wear resistance of carbide, they are suitable for milling various materials, providing directional heat dissipation, reducing wear, and mitigating localized thermal deformation of the workpiece. However, in actual operation, due to the high-speed rotation of the end mill, the high-pressure cutting fluid delivered along the directional channels generates uneven radial impact forces under continuous centrifugal force. The directional flow channels amplify the unilateral impact effect of the liquid. This unbalanced impact force completely disrupts the force balance of the end mill during high-speed rotation, leading to significantly increased vibration during operation. Vibration disrupts the spray angle of the directional coolant, affecting cutting process stability and causing unbalanced cooling distribution at the cutting edge. This directly reduces workpiece dimensional accuracy and surface finish, making it difficult to meet the high standards of directional cooling and low-vibration cutting performance required in precision machinery manufacturing and high-end mold machining. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a directional internal cooling integral carbide end mill and its chip-breaking spiral groove structure. This effectively solves the problem that uneven radial impact force generated by the cutting fluid during high-speed rotation in existing technologies exacerbates vibration, affects cutting stability, and reduces machining accuracy, making it difficult to meet the high requirements of precision manufacturing scenarios.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a directional internally cooled solid carbide end mill, comprising: Alloy end mills; A flow stabilizing mechanism includes a mounting plate disposed on the upper end face of an alloy milling cutter. A storage tank is disposed on the upper end face of the mounting plate. A vibration damping component and an interconnecting component are disposed sequentially from bottom to top inside the storage tank. Multiple counterweight components and a friction component are disposed inside the interconnecting component. Elastic rings are disposed on both sides of the friction component of the interconnecting component. The release mechanism includes a connecting cover located at the center of the mounting plate on the side away from the storage tank. The other end of the connecting cover is fixedly connected to an elastic tube, and the other end of the elastic tube is provided with a discharge component. The elastic tube is located between the connecting cover and the discharge component and is linearly connected to multiple discharge discs. Each discharge disc has multiple deceleration components and multiple guide components arranged in an alternating ring array on the side facing the discharge component.

[0006] Preferably, the alloy milling cutter has multiple clips fixedly connected in a ring array on the side facing the mounting plate; The mounting plate has multiple slots in a ring array on the side facing the carbide end mill, which are engaged with the clamping parts. An input pipe is fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of the mounting plate. The other end of the input pipe passes through a storage tank and is connected to the cutting fluid reservoir of the machine tool. The upper surface of the storage tank is clamped on the machine tool spindle, and the inside of the storage tank contains non-Newtonian liquid.

[0007] The present invention also provides a chip-breaking spiral groove structure for a directional internally cooled solid carbide end mill, comprising: First spiral groove and second spiral groove; Both the first and second spiral grooves are multiple and alternately formed on the side of the carbide end mill. The first and second spiral grooves are distributed in a right-handed manner on the carbide end mill. The width of the first spiral groove is greater than that of the second spiral groove, while the depth of the second spiral groove is greater than that of the first spiral groove. The groove spacing between the first and second spiral grooves gradually decreases from the mounting plate. Multiple spray holes are formed inside the first spiral groove, and the spray holes are connected to the inside of the carbide end mill.

[0008] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the known prior art: 1. The flow stabilizing mechanism, consisting of a storage tank, interconnecting components, a counterweight assembly, and a friction assembly, buffers the cutting fluid input into the carbide end mill through the inlet pipe. This prevents uneven radial impact from centrifugal force on the cutting fluid as it enters the inlet pipe due to the high-speed rotation of the end mill. The storage tank contains a non-Newtonian fluid, further absorbing the impact force and movement generated by the counterweight and friction assembly. The interconnecting components connect the counterweight, friction assembly, and inlet pipe, utilizing the shape of the counterweight... The friction between the counterweight and the friction components consumes the impact force of the cutting fluid in the input pipe. By utilizing the deformation of the counterweight and the friction effect of the friction components, the impact force of the cutting fluid delivered to the end mill through the input pipe is effectively buffered. At the same time, the non-Newtonian liquid in the storage tank can further consume the kinetic energy generated by the counterweight and friction components absorbing the impact force. This avoids the uneven radial impact force formed by the cutting fluid under the centrifugal force when the end mill rotates at high speed, reduces the vibration of the end mill during operation, ensures the stability of the cutting process, and thus improves the machining accuracy. It also reduces tool wear and extends tool life.

[0009] 2. The vibration-absorbing component in the flow stabilization mechanism dissipates the radial impact force generated by the high-speed rotation of the non-Newtonian fluid. Combined with the counterweight and friction components, the position of the non-Newtonian fluid within the storage tank is fixed to prevent its center of gravity from shifting due to high-speed rotation. This further weakens the unstable forces during fluid transmission, ensures the overall force balance of the flow stabilization mechanism, reduces vibration interference during milling cutter operation, improves cutting stability and machining accuracy, and allows the non-Newtonian fluid to continuously and stably buffer and dissipate energy, thus improving the machining accuracy of the milling cutter.

[0010] 3. By using the deceleration component, guiding component, and discharge component in the release mechanism, the cutting fluid is continuously and simultaneously released at different locations inside the carbide end mill. During the release process, the radial impact force on the cutting fluid entering the carbide end mill is consumed. The conductivity of the cutting fluid is also utilized to absorb the vibration energy generated during the operation of the carbide end mill. Specifically, the deceleration component controls the flow velocity of the cutting fluid caused by the rotation of the carbide end mill, while the guiding component guides the flow direction of the cutting fluid after its flow velocity is reduced by the deceleration component. Furthermore, the guiding component uses a gravity ring to absorb the vibration energy transmitted by the cutting fluid to the carbide end mill during operation. By controlling the flow velocity of the cutting fluid generated by the rotation of the end mill and guiding the flow direction of the decelerated cutting fluid, the deceleration component and the guiding component (with the aid of the gravity ring) can both consume the radial impact force of the cutting fluid. The conductivity of the cutting fluid can also absorb the vibration energy generated during the operation of the end mill, thereby reducing end mill vibration, improving the stability of the cutting process, reducing tool wear and workpiece thermal deformation, and ensuring machining accuracy and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall side structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the alloy end mill of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the alloy end mill of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the current stabilization mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the current stabilizing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the storage tank of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the interconnect component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the interconnect component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the interconnection component and the counterweight component of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the friction assembly of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration-absorbing component of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration absorption component and release mechanism of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the release mechanism of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the release mechanism of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the discharge disc of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the deceleration component and the guiding component of the present invention.

[0013] Reference numerals: 1. Carbide end mill; 11. Clamp; 2. Flow stabilizing mechanism; 21. Mounting plate; 211. Slot; 212. Storage tank; 213. Input pipe; 22. Interconnecting assembly; 221. Fixing plate; 222. Through hole; 223. Circular slide; 224. Rotary ring; 23. Support rod; 24. Counterweight assembly; 241. Fixing block; 242. Flexible rod; 243. Counterweight ball; 25. Friction assembly; 251. Fixing ring; 252. Friction point; 26. Elastic ring; 27. Vibration absorption assembly; 271. Sleeve 272. Ring; 273. Elastic sheet; 3. Elastic rod; 3. Release mechanism; 31. Connecting cover; 32. Elastic tube; 33. Discharge disc; 331. Discharge hole; 34. Speed ​​reduction assembly; 341. Rotating rod; 342. Rotating ball; 343. Flow channel; 35. Gravity ring; 36. Guide assembly; 361. Connecting block; 362. Arc-shaped cover; 363. Guide groove; 37. Discharge assembly; 371. Liquid distribution disc; 372. Spring; 373. Fixing seat; 4. First spiral groove; 41. Second spiral groove; 42. Spray hole. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0016] Example: Refer to Figures 1 to 17 A directional internally cooled solid carbide end mill, comprising: Carbide end mill 1; The flow stabilizing mechanism 2 includes a mounting plate 21 disposed on the upper end face of the alloy milling cutter 1. A storage tank 212 is disposed on the upper end face of the mounting plate 21. Inside the storage tank 212, a vibration absorption component 27 and an interconnection component 22 are disposed sequentially from bottom to top. Inside the interconnection component 22, multiple counterweight components 24 and a friction component 25 are disposed. Elastic rings 26 are disposed on both sides of the interconnection component 22 located on opposite sides of the friction component 25. Release mechanism 3 includes a connecting cover 31 located at the center of the side of the mounting plate 21 away from the storage tank 212. The other end of the connecting cover 31 is fixedly connected to an elastic tube 32. The other end of the elastic tube 32 is provided with a discharge component 37. The tube body of the elastic tube 32 located between the connecting cover 31 and the discharge component 37 is fixedly connected to multiple discharge discs 33 in a linear array. Each discharge disc 33 has multiple deceleration components 34 and multiple guide components 36 arranged in an alternating ring array on the side facing the discharge component 37.

[0017] The interconnecting components 22 in the flow stabilizing mechanism 2 are used to interconnect multiple counterweight components 24 with a friction component 25 and two elastic rings 26, thereby buffering and consuming the uneven radial impact force of the cutting fluid caused by centrifugal force when the carbide end mill 1 rotates at high speed. At the same time, it also locks the position of the non-Newtonian liquid stored in the storage tank 212 to prevent the non-Newtonian liquid from rotating when the carbide end mill 1 rotates at high speed, thus increasing its impact force. The cutting fluid delivered to the inside of the carbide end mill 1 is discharged from the discharge component 37 and multiple discharge discs 33 through the elastic tube 32 in the release mechanism 3, thereby realizing the discharge of cutting fluid from different height positions inside the carbide end mill 1.

[0018] Reference Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 6 The alloy milling cutter 1 has multiple clips 11 fixedly connected in a ring array on the side facing the mounting plate 21; The mounting plate 21 has multiple slots 211 in a ring array on the side facing the carbide end mill 1, which are corresponding to the clamping piece 11. The slots 211 are engaged with the clamping piece 11. An input pipe 213 is fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of the mounting plate 21. The other end of the input pipe 213 passes through the storage tank 212 and is connected to the cutting fluid reservoir of the machine tool. The upper surface of the storage tank 212 is clamped on the machine tool spindle, and the inside of the storage tank 212 stores non-Newtonian liquid.

[0019] The carbide end mill 1 is installed by engaging the locking piece 11 with the locking slot 211 in the mounting plate 21. Before the carbide end mill 1 is installed with the mounting plate 21 in the flow stabilizing mechanism 2 via the locking piece 11, the release mechanism 3 needs to be inserted into the carbide end mill 1. The input pipe 213 is connected to the cutting fluid reservoir of the machine tool to deliver the cutting fluid to the release mechanism 3, and then the cutting fluid is further released into the carbide end mill 1 via the release mechanism 3.

[0020] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 12The vibration absorption component 27 includes multiple sets of elastic rods 273 arranged in a ring on the inner wall of the storage tank 212. Each set of elastic rods 273 has at least three members. The tube body of each set of elastic rods 273 is fixedly connected to multiple collars 271. The collars 271 gradually decrease in size in the direction facing the input tube 213. Multiple elastic plates 272 are fixedly connected in a ring on the opposite surfaces of two adjacent collars 271.

[0021] The vibration-absorbing component 27 is used to separate and position the non-Newtonian liquid stored at the bottom of the storage tank 212. Since the other end of the input pipe 213 is rotatably connected to the connecting cover 31 following the ring, and the input pipe 213 is rotatably connected through the storage tank 212, when the storage tank 212 rotates, the input pipe 213 located inside the storage tank 212 also rotates synchronously with the storage tank 212. This causes the cutting fluid transported in the input pipe 213 to be located inside the storage tank 212 when it passes through the input pipe 213.

[0022] Reference Figures 7 to 11 The interconnection component 22 includes two fixed disks 221 that are fixedly connected in parallel to the inner wall of the storage tank 212. Each fixed disk 221 has a through hole 222 at its center, and the input pipe 213 passes through the through hole 222. A circular slide 223 is fixedly connected to the center of the opposite side of the two fixed disks 221. A rotating ring 224 is slidably connected to the other side of the circular slide 223.

[0023] Each counterweight component 24 is arranged in a ring between two rotating rings 224. Each counterweight component 24 includes two fixed blocks 241 fixedly connected in the two rotating rings 224, and a flexible rod 242 is fixedly connected to the opposite face of the two fixed blocks 241. A counterweight ball 243 is fixedly connected to the body of the flexible rod 242.

[0024] Multiple counterweight components 24 are realized by using two fixed disks 221 in the interconnection component 22. The rotating rings 224 in the two fixed disks 221 move in a circular slide 223. Two fixed blocks 241 are respectively fixed to the rotating rings 224 in the two fixed disks 221. The two fixed blocks 241 are connected by a flexible rod 242, and a counterweight ball 243 is fixed in the flexible rod 242, thereby realizing the rotation of the storage tank 212.

[0025] Reference Figures 9 to 10 The two fixed disks 221 are fixedly connected to a ring array on their opposite edges by multiple support rods 23; The friction assembly 25 includes a fixing ring 251 fixedly connected to the body of the support rod 23, and multiple friction points 252 are fixedly connected in a ring array on the side of the fixing ring 251 facing the counterweight ball 243. Two elastic rings 26 are fixedly connected to the body of the support rod 23, and the fixing ring 251 is located between the two elastic rings 26.

[0026] The support rod 23 is used to support and fix the two fixed disks 221, so that when the counterweight assembly 24 moves between the two fixed disks 221, the extension and deformation of the flexible rod 242 in the counterweight assembly 24 will not affect the two fixed disks 221. When the flexible rod 242 in the counterweight assembly 24 extends and deforms, causing the counterweight ball 243 to contact the friction point 252 in the friction assembly 25, the friction point 252 serves to further reduce the circumferential speed of the counterweight assembly 24.

[0027] Reference Figures 4 to 5 , Figures 13 to 16 The end of the connecting cover 31 away from the elastic tube 32 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate 21 away from the storage tank 212, and the connecting cover 31 passes through the mounting plate 21 and is rotatably connected to the input tube 213. The discharge assembly 37 includes a liquid distribution plate 371 fixedly connected to the end of the elastic tube 32 away from the connecting cover 31, and multiple liquid outlet channels of the liquid distribution plate 371 face the discharge plate 33. Multiple springs 372 are fixedly connected in a ring array on the side of the liquid distribution plate 371 away from the elastic tube 32, and the other end of each spring 372 is fixedly connected to a fixing seat 373. Each of the multiple discharge discs 33 has multiple discharge holes 331 arranged in a ring array with the elastic tube 32 as the center on the side facing the connecting cover 31.

[0028] The connecting cover 31 is rotated and connected to the input pipe 213, thereby enabling the fixed disk 221 to rotate. However, the elastic tube 32 will not rotate synchronously, so the elastic tube 32 remains stationary inside the carbide end mill 1. When the cutting fluid delivered by the input pipe 213 enters the elastic tube 32 through the connecting cover 31, the elastic tube 32 will extend under the action of the discharge component 37 due to its elasticity, thus reaching the length of the carbide end mill 1.

[0029] Reference Figures 16 to 17 Each deceleration component 34 includes a rotating rod 341 fixedly connected to the side of the discharge disc 33 away from the discharge hole 331. The rod body of the rotating rod 341 is rotatably connected to two rotating balls 342 in parallel, and the spheres of each rotating ball 342 are arranged in a ring array with multiple flow grooves 343. The rod body of each rotating rod 341 located between the two rotating balls 342 is fixedly connected to a gravity ring 35.

[0030] The flow channel 343 of the rotating ball 342 in the speed reduction component 34 is used to block the discharge of cutting fluid inside the carbide end mill 1, thereby reducing the flow rate of the cutting fluid that is synchronized with the carbide end mill 1. After the rotating ball 342 blocks the flow rate of the cutting fluid, it is offset by the rotation of the rotating rod 341, while the gravity ring 35 prevents the rotating rod 341 from swinging during this process.

[0031] Reference Figures 16 to 17Each guide component 36 includes two connecting blocks 361 fixedly connected to both sides of the gravity ring 35, and each connecting block 361 has an arc-shaped cover 362 fixedly connected to both sides facing the adjacent rotating ball 342. Each arc-shaped cover 362 has multiple guide slots 363 linearly arrayed on its arc surface.

[0032] The guide groove 363 of the arc-shaped cover 362 in the guide component 36 is used to guide the cutting fluid inside the carbide end mill 1, so as to avoid the cutting fluid from becoming disordered inside the carbide end mill 1.

[0033] The specific operating principle of this embodiment is as follows: Step 1: First, the operator inserts the release mechanism 3 into the internal cavity of the alloy end mill 1, ensuring that there is no hard friction between the elastic tube 32 and the inner wall of the alloy end mill 1, and that the fixing seat 373 of the discharge component 37 contacts the inner bottom of the alloy end mill 1. Then, the clamping piece 11 of the alloy end mill 1 is aligned with the slot 211 of the mounting plate 21 in the flow stabilizing mechanism 2, and axial force is applied to make the clamping piece 11 fully engage with the slot 211, thus completing the fixation of the alloy end mill 1 and the mounting plate 21, ensuring that there is no relative looseness between the two. At the same time, the upper end cylindrical surface of the storage tank 212 is clamped using a special machine tool spindle chuck (such as an ER chuck). Finally, the end of the input pipe 213 away from the storage tank 212 is connected to the outlet of the machine tool cutting fluid reservoir through a quick connector. Special note: The storage tank 212 is filled with a non-Newtonian liquid (such as a shear-thickening liquid), and the interconnection assembly 22, support rod 23, counterweight assembly 24, friction assembly 25, elastic ring 26, and vibration absorption assembly 27 are all submerged in the non-Newtonian liquid.

[0034] Then, the machine tool is started and the machine tool spindle is rotated, which in turn drives the storage tank 212 to rotate. The rotational power is transmitted to the carbide end mill 1 through the mounting plate 21, so that the carbide end mill 1 rotates synchronously. At this time, the cutting edge of the carbide end mill 1 enters the cutting state. At the same time, the machine tool cutting fluid pump is turned on through the machine tool, and the cutting fluid in the cutting fluid storage tank flows towards the storage tank 212 through the input pipe 213 under the action of the pump pressure.

[0035] Step 2: When the cutting fluid flows in the input pipe 213, it is affected by the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the carbide end mill 1. The cutting fluid generates an uneven radial impact force on the wall of the input pipe 213. This impact force is transmitted through the wall of the input pipe 213 to the non-Newtonian liquid in the storage tank 212, causing the non-Newtonian liquid to ripple radially. The rippled non-Newtonian liquid impacts the collar 271 of the vibration-absorbing assembly 27. Because the diameter of the collar 271 gradually decreases in the direction facing the input pipe 213 (e.g., from 50mm to 20mm), and is connected to the storage tank 212 by the elastic rod 273... The inner wall of the barrel 212 is connected, so the collar 271 (diameter 20mm) near the input pipe 213 is first impacted and deformed to disperse the impact force, and drives the adjacent collars 271 to shift synchronously. The elastic sheet 272 between the adjacent collars 271 is squeezed and bent, converting the impact force into elastic potential energy, so as to disperse and consume part of the impact force. The elastic rod 273 undergoes axial micro-deformation as the collars 271 shift, further absorbing the impact force. Finally, the fluctuation amplitude of the non-Newtonian liquid achieves the primary impact buffering of the uneven radial impact force on the pipe wall of the input pipe 213.

[0036] As the storage tank 212 rotates along with the bed spindle, the non-Newtonian liquid inside the storage tank 212 rotates under centrifugal force, thereby driving the counterweight assembly 24 between the two rotating rings 224 in the interconnect assembly 22 to move. Because the counterweight ball 243 of the counterweight assembly 24, under centrifugal force, pulls the two fixed blocks 241 through the flexible rod 242, the rotating ring 224 slides circumferentially along the circular slide 223. During the sliding process, the flexible rod 242 gradually extends and deforms due to centrifugal force, thereby reducing the non-Newtonian liquid's rotation. The inertial impact force within the Newtonian fluid, on the other hand, causes the counterweight ball 243 to gradually approach the friction assembly 25. When the flexible rod 242 extends to a certain extent, the counterweight ball 243 contacts the friction point 252 of the friction assembly 25. Since the counterweight ball 243 moves in a circular motion with the rotating ring 224, it generates sliding friction with the fixed friction point 252. This friction hinders the movement of the counterweight ball 243, reducing the sliding speed of the rotating ring 224, thereby consuming the kinetic energy of the counterweight assembly 24 and achieving the purpose of consuming the energy generated by the rotation of the non-Newtonian fluid. Because when the storage tank 212 rotates at high speed with the alloy milling cutter 1, the non-Newtonian liquid inside generates rotational energy under the action of centrifugal force and drives the rotating ring 224 to slide along the circular slide 223. The rotating ring 224 and the counterweight assembly 24 are fixedly connected by the fixing block 241, so that the counterweight assembly 24 moves synchronously with the rotating ring 224 and generates kinetic energy. When the flexible rod 242 of the counterweight assembly 24 extends and deforms under the action of centrifugal force, it will cause the counterweight ball 243 to contact the friction point 252 of the friction assembly 25 and generate sliding friction. The frictional force hinders the movement of the counterweight ball 243 and is transmitted to the rotating ring 224, which reduces the sliding speed of the rotating ring 224 and consumes the kinetic energy of the counterweight assembly 24. Finally, the purpose of consuming the energy generated by the rotation of the non-Newtonian liquid is achieved, thus achieving the effect of stabilizing flow and reducing vibration. Meanwhile, the elastic rings 26 located on both sides of the fixed ring 251 buffer the lateral impact force generated by the rotation of the non-Newtonian liquid, and prevent the non-Newtonian liquid from shaking excessively and causing the center of gravity of the storage tank 212 to shift.

[0037] Special Note: The vibration-absorbing assembly 27 consists of multiple sets of elastic rods 273 arranged in a ring array on the inner wall of the storage tank 212, multiple collars 271 on the elastic rods 273 with their size gradually decreasing towards the input pipe 213, and elastic plates 272 connecting adjacent collars 271. The collars 271 and elastic plates 272 cooperate with each other to divide the non-Newtonian liquid at the bottom of the storage tank 212 into multiple independent and non-interfering small areas. At the same time, the supporting force of the elastic rods 273 and the deformation constraint of the elastic plates 272 can limit the flow range of the non-Newtonian liquid at the bottom and prevent the liquid from spreading randomly at the bottom. In the interconnection assembly 22, two parallel fixed disks 221 fixed to the inner wall of the storage tank 212 form a stable frame through the support rods 23 of the edge ring array. The frame, the elastic rings 26 (two in total, located on both sides of the friction assembly 25) between the fixed disks 221 and the counterweight assembly 24 distributed in a ring array (connected between the fixed disks 221 via rotating rings 224) are intertwined. The elastic rings 26 can laterally block the flow of non-Newtonian liquid, while the flexible rods 242 and counterweight balls 243 of the counterweight assembly 24 fill the space between the fixed disks 221 longitudinally. The three work together to divide the upper part of the non-Newtonian liquid in the storage tank 212 into multiple independent areas such as "fixed disk 221-elastic ring 26" and "elastic ring 26-counterweight assembly 24". At the same time, the rigid structure of the fixed disk 221 and the flexible limiting of the elastic rings 26 can limit the vertical flow range of the upper part of the liquid and prevent the liquid from moving upward or downward when rotating at high speed.

[0038] This avoids the overall violent shaking or center of gravity shift of non-Newtonian liquids caused by the high-speed rotation of the storage tank 212 with the carbide end mill 1. If the liquid is not separated, it is easy to form a "vortex" flow under high-speed rotation, causing the center of gravity of the liquid to deviate from the axis of the storage tank 212, thereby generating additional radial impact force that interferes with the rotational balance of the carbide end mill 1. After separation, the liquid is confined to a small area, which can only produce small fluctuations and always keep the center of gravity consistent with the axis of the storage tank 212. If the non-Newtonian liquid is not separated, the shaking under high-speed rotation will generate new impact force, which will aggravate the vibration of the carbide end mill 1 after being superimposed with the impact of the cutting fluid. After separation, the liquid only uses its own physical properties (such as shear thickening) to assist in vibration reduction without generating additional impact force, thus ensuring the stability of the vibration reduction effect of the flow stabilization mechanism 2 and improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0039] Step 3: The cutting fluid, after being damped by the flow stabilizing mechanism 2, enters the connecting cover 31 through the rotating connecting structure at the end of the input pipe 213. One end of the connecting cover 31 is fixed to the mounting plate 21, and the other end is sealed and connected to the elastic tube 32. Its internal cavity can temporarily buffer the cutting fluid, preventing the instantaneous pressure fluctuations generated by the high-speed rotation of the carbide end mill 1 from directly impacting the elastic tube 32. At the same time, the arc-shaped inner wall guides the cutting fluid to flow smoothly into the elastic tube 32, reducing liquid turbulence.

[0040] As the cutting fluid is continuously injected into the elastic tube 32, the pressure inside the tube increases, overcoming the elastic force of the elastic tube 32 itself and the tension of the spring 372 in the discharge assembly 37, pushing the elastic tube 32 to extend into the bottom of the carbide end mill 1. During the extension process, the elastic tube 32 always remains coaxial with the inner wall of the carbide end mill 1 until the fixing seat 373 of the discharge assembly 37 is completely in contact with the bottom of the carbide end mill 1. At this time, the length of the elastic tube 32 matches the length of the internal cavity of the carbide end mill 1, preparing for the release of cutting fluid from multiple positions.

[0041] In this design, multiple discharge discs 33 on the elastic tube 32 are located at different heights inside the alloy end mill 1. The cutting fluid is divided into multiple paths inside the elastic tube 32. A portion of the cutting fluid is released into the inner wall of the alloy end mill 1 through the discharge holes 331 of the discharge discs 33. Since the distance between adjacent discharge discs 33 is uniform and they correspond to different heights inside the alloy end mill 1, when the cutting fluid flows inside the elastic tube 32, most of the fluid is sprayed into the inner wall of the alloy end mill 1 through the discharge holes 331. The multi-angle discharge hole design of the discharge holes 331 ensures that the cutting fluid evenly covers the circumferential inner wall of the alloy end mill 1, avoiding uneven cooling. After the cutting fluid is released from the discharge holes 331, it tends to rotate synchronously with the alloy end mill 1 due to its high-speed rotation. At this time, the cutting fluid impacts the rotating ball 342. The rotating rod 341 begins to rotate, and the flow groove 343 on the body of the rotating ball 342 guides the flow direction of the cutting fluid. At the same time, the rotation of the rotating ball 342 consumes the kinetic energy of the cutting fluid and reduces the rotation speed of the cutting fluid. The gravity ring 35 on the rotating rod 341 increases the stability of the rotating rod 341 and prevents the rotating rod 341 from swinging due to the impact of the cutting fluid, ensuring the stable operation of the speed reduction component 34 and effectively controlling the flow rate of the cutting fluid. When the speed-reduced cutting fluid flows inside the carbide end mill 1, the arc-shaped cover 362 of the guiding component 36 guides the cutting fluid. The arc-shaped cover 362 is fixed to the gravity ring 35 by the connecting block 361. Its arc surface is adapted to the arc of the inner wall of the carbide end mill 1. The cutting fluid flows along the arc surface of the arc-shaped cover 362 and is further diverted through the guiding groove 363 to avoid the formation of eddies in the cutting fluid inside the carbide end mill 1 and to ensure that the cutting fluid is evenly distributed around the inner wall of the carbide end mill 1. Another portion of the cutting fluid flows along the elastic tube 32 to the bottom of the carbide end mill 1 and is released through the liquid distribution plate 371 at the end of the elastic tube 32. The liquid distribution plate 371 is provided with multiple liquid outlet channels, which face the cutting edge of the carbide end mill 1. Under the preload of the spring 372, the liquid distribution plate 371 always maintains a gap with the bottom of the carbide end mill 1, ensuring that the cutting fluid can flow directly to the vicinity of the cutting edge to replenish the liquid released in layers, forming a cooling system that covers the entire area from top to middle to bottom.

[0042] Special note: Multiple sets of deceleration components 34 and guide components 36 are staggered in a ring array on one side of each discharge disk 33 facing the discharge assembly 37. After the cutting fluid is released from the discharge hole 331, it tends to rotate synchronously due to the high-speed rotation of the carbide end mill 1. At this time, the liquid impacts the rotating ball 342 of the deceleration component 34, pushing the ball 342 to rotate around the rotating rod 341. The flow groove 343 on the body of the ball 342 can guide the cutting fluid from "radial rotating flow" to "axial stable flow". At the same time, the rotation of the ball 342 consumes the kinetic energy of the liquid, reduces the flow rate of the cutting fluid, and avoids additional vibration caused by the high-speed liquid impacting the inner wall of the carbide end mill 1. The gravity ring 35 in the middle of the rotating rod 341 can increase the stability of the rotating rod 341, prevent the rotating rod 341 from swinging due to liquid impact, and ensure stable deceleration effect. Since the guide component 36 and the deceleration component 34 are staggered, they are fixed on both sides of the gravity ring 35 by the connecting block 361. The arc-shaped cover 362 is parallel to the inner wall of the alloy end mill 1, which can prevent the cutting fluid from flowing randomly to the center of the alloy end mill 1. The guide groove 363 on the arc surface of the arc cover 362 can further guide the decelerated cutting fluid to the cutting edge of the alloy end mill 1. At the same time, with the help of the viscous resistance of the liquid flow in the groove, the small vibrations transmitted to the liquid when the alloy end mill 1 is working are absorbed, realizing the dual function of "flow control + vibration reduction".

[0043] This invention also provides an embodiment: The chip-breaking spiral groove structure of a directional internally cooled solid carbide end mill includes: First spiral groove 4 and second spiral groove 41; Both the first spiral groove 4 and the second spiral groove 41 are multiple and alternately opened on the side of the alloy end mill 1. The first spiral groove 4 and the second spiral groove 41 are distributed in a right-hand spiral on the alloy end mill 1. The groove width of the first spiral groove 4 is greater than that of the second spiral groove 41, while the groove depth of the second spiral groove 41 is greater than that of the first spiral groove 4. The groove spacing between the first spiral groove 4 and the second spiral groove 41 gradually decreases from the mounting plate 21. Multiple spray holes 42 are opened inside the first spiral groove 4, and the spray holes 42 are connected to the inside of the alloy end mill 1.

[0044] When the carbide end mill 1 is working, the first spiral groove 4 and the second spiral groove 41 are used to break and remove chips. However, the width, depth and spacing of the first spiral groove 4 and the second spiral groove 41 are different.

[0045] The specific operating principle of this embodiment is as follows: When the alloy end mill 1 mills the workpiece, the flow stabilizing mechanism 2 first dampens the cutting fluid supplied by the machine tool. The non-Newtonian liquid in the storage tank 212 encapsulates the vibration-absorbing component 27, the counterweight component 24, etc. The collar 271 and the elastic plate 272 of the vibration-absorbing component 27 buffer the impact of the cutting fluid. The flexible rod 242 of the counterweight component 24 deforms and cooperates with the friction component 25 to consume the inertial force of the liquid, ensuring that the cutting fluid enters the release mechanism 3 stably. The connecting cover 31 of the release mechanism 3 guides the cutting fluid to flow smoothly into the elastic tube 32. After the elastic tube 32 extends, it distributes the cutting fluid evenly into the interior of the alloy end mill 1 through multiple discharge plates 33. The speed reduction component 34 and the guiding component 36 further control the flow rate and regulate the flow direction, providing a stable liquid source for the nozzle 42.

[0046] In this design, the alternating right-handed first helical grooves 4 and second helical grooves 41 in the alloy end mill 1 enhance working accuracy through structural cooperation. Because the width of the first helical groove 4 is greater than that of the second helical groove 41, and the depth of the second helical groove 41 is greater than that of the first helical groove 4, and the groove spacing gradually decreases from the mounting plate 21 towards the cutting edge, the chips generated during cutting are guided by the differentiated dimensional structure within the helical grooves. Specifically, the wide groove space of the first helical groove 4 stably receives the chips, and then the "squeezing-splitting" effect formed by the deep groove and gradually decreasing groove spacing of the second helical groove 41 breaks down long chips into short chips, preventing chips from entangled in the alloy end mill 1 or scratching the workpiece surface. This chip breaking mechanism is particularly useful when milling high-precision mold steel workpieces. The chip removal method reduces the interference of chips on the cutting edge, making the cutting trajectory of the carbide end mill 1 more stable and directly improving the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of the workpiece after machining. At the same time, the nozzle 42 inside the first spiral groove 4 is connected to the inside of the carbide end mill 1. The cutting fluid inside the carbide end mill 1 is sprayed out through the nozzle 42 under pressure. It not only washes away residual chips along the direction of the first spiral groove 4 and the second spiral groove 41 to ensure that the spiral groove is always unobstructed to maintain a stable cutting environment, but also directly delivers the cutting fluid to the contact area between the cutting edge and the workpiece to quickly remove cutting heat. For example, when milling aluminum alloys at high speed, it prevents the carbide end mill 1 from thermally deforming due to high temperature, further ensuring the cutting accuracy of the carbide end mill 1 and extending the tool life.

[0047] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A directional internally cooled solid carbide end mill, characterized in that, include: Alloy end mill (1); The flow stabilizing mechanism (2) includes a mounting plate (21) disposed on the upper end face of the alloy milling cutter (1). A storage tank (212) is disposed on the upper end face of the mounting plate (21). A vibration absorbing component (27) and an interconnecting component (22) are disposed inside the storage tank (212) from bottom to top. A plurality of counterweight components (24) and a friction component (25) are disposed inside the interconnecting component (22). Elastic rings (26) are disposed on both sides of the friction component (25) of the interconnecting component (22). Release mechanism (3), the release mechanism (3) includes a connecting cover (31) located at the center of the side of the mounting plate (21) away from the storage tank (212), the other end of the connecting cover (31) is fixedly connected to an elastic tube (32), the other end of the elastic tube (32) is provided with a discharge component (37), the elastic tube (32) is located between the connecting cover (31) and the discharge component (37) and is fixedly connected to multiple discharge discs (33) in a linear array, each of the discharge discs (33) facing the discharge component (37) is arranged in a ring array and multiple deceleration components (34) and multiple guide components (36) are staggered.

2. The directional internal cooling solid carbide end mill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alloy end mill (1) has multiple clips (11) fixedly connected in a ring array on the side facing the mounting plate (21). The mounting plate (21) has a ring array of slots (211) on one side facing the alloy milling cutter (1) that correspond to the clamping piece (11). The slots (211) are engaged with the clamping piece (11). An input pipe (213) is fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of the mounting plate (21). The other end of the input pipe (213) passes through the storage tank (212) and is connected to the cutting fluid reservoir of the machine tool. The upper surface of the storage tank (212) is clamped on the machine tool spindle, and the inside of the storage tank (212) stores non-Newtonian liquid.

3. The directional internal cooling solid carbide end mill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration absorption assembly (27) includes multiple sets of elastic rods (273) arranged in a ring on the inner wall of the storage tank (212). Each set of elastic rods (273) has at least three rods. The tube body of each set of elastic rods (273) is fixedly connected with multiple collars (271). The collars (271) gradually decrease in size in the direction facing the input tube (213). Multiple elastic plates (272) are fixedly connected in a ring on the opposite surfaces of two adjacent collars (271).

4. A directional internally cooled solid carbide end mill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interconnection assembly (22) includes two fixed disks (221) fixedly connected in parallel to the inner wall of the storage tank (212). Each fixed disk (221) has a through hole (222) at its center, and the input pipe (213) passes through the through hole (222). A circular slide (223) is fixedly connected at the center of the opposite sides of the two fixed disks (221). A rotating ring (224) is slidably connected to the other side of the circular slide (223).

5. A directional internally cooled solid carbide end mill according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the counterweight components (24) is arranged in a ring between two rotating rings (224). Each of the counterweight components (24) includes two fixed blocks (241) fixedly connected in the two rotating rings (224), and a flexible rod (242) is fixedly connected to the opposite face of the two fixed blocks (241). A counterweight ball (243) is fixedly connected to the body of the flexible rod (242).

6. A directional internally cooled solid carbide end mill according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two fixed disks (221) are fixedly connected to a ring array of opposing edges by multiple support rods (23). The friction assembly (25) includes a fixing ring (251) fixedly connected to the body of the support rod (23), and a plurality of friction points (252) are fixedly connected in a ring array on the side of the fixing ring (251) facing the counterweight ball (243). The two elastic rings (26) are fixedly connected to the body of the support rod (23), and the fixing ring (251) is located between the two elastic rings (26).

7. A directional internally cooled solid carbide end mill according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the connecting cover (31) away from the elastic tube (32) is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate (21) away from the storage tank (212), and the connecting cover (31) passes through the mounting plate (21) and is rotatably connected to the input tube (213); The discharge assembly (37) includes a liquid distribution plate (371) fixedly connected to the end of the elastic tube (32) away from the connecting cover (31), and multiple liquid outlet channels of the liquid distribution plate (371) face the discharge plate (33). Multiple springs (372) are fixedly connected in a ring array on the side of the liquid distribution plate (371) away from the elastic tube (32), and the other end of each spring (372) is fixedly connected to a fixing seat (373). Each of the plurality of discharge discs (33) facing the connecting cover (31) has a plurality of discharge holes (331) arranged in a ring array with the elastic tube (32) as the center.

8. A directional internally cooled solid carbide end mill according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the speed reduction components (34) includes a rotating rod (341) fixedly connected to the side of the discharge disc (33) away from the discharge hole (331). The rod body of the rotating rod (341) is rotatably connected to two rotating balls (342) in parallel, and each rotating ball (342) has multiple flow grooves (343) in an annular array on its body. The rod body of each of the rotating rods (341) located between the two rotating balls (342) is fixedly connected to a gravity ring (35).

9. A directional internally cooled solid carbide end mill according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the guide components (36) includes two connecting blocks (361) fixedly connected to both sides of the gravity ring (35), and each connecting block (361) is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped cover (362) on both sides facing the adjacent rotating ball (342), and each arc-shaped cover (362) has multiple guide slots (363) linearly arranged on its arc surface.

10. A chip-breaking spiral groove structure suitable for a directional internally cooled solid carbide end mill according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: First spiral groove (4) and second spiral groove (41); The first spiral groove (4) and the second spiral groove (41) are both multiple and alternately opened on the side of the alloy end mill (1). The first spiral groove (4) and the second spiral groove (41) are distributed in a right-hand spiral on the alloy end mill (1). The groove width of the first spiral groove (4) is greater than that of the second spiral groove (41), while the groove depth of the second spiral groove (41) is greater than that of the first spiral groove (4). The groove spacing between the first spiral groove (4) and the second spiral groove (41) becomes smaller and smaller starting from the mounting plate (21). The first spiral groove (4) has multiple spray holes (42) inside, and the spray holes (42) are connected to the inside of the alloy end mill (1).

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