Thin plate butt joint welding auxiliary tool and welding method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of shipbuilding, and discloses a kind of sheet horizontal butt welding auxiliary tool and welding method.The sheet horizontal butt welding auxiliary tool includes card code and gasket, card code is used to be arranged in the upper deck to be welded and the lower deck to be welded along vertical direction, and one end of card code is welded with the upper deck, the other end of card code is welded with the lower deck;Card code is provided with a let slot, the let slot is opposite the joint between the upper deck and the lower deck, gasket is connected to card code, gasket is provided on the same side of the upper deck and the lower deck, and gasket covers the joint between the upper deck and the lower deck from one side.The sheet horizontal butt welding auxiliary tool can pre-connect the upper deck and the lower deck to be welded to improve the overall rigidity, offset the shrinkage stress of subsequent welding, inhibit the plate collapse and the concave angle deformation of the weld on both sides from the source, improve the welding quality, avoid the fire correction in later period, thereby shorten the construction period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shipbuilding technology, and in particular to an auxiliary tooling and welding method for transverse butt welding of thin plates. Background Technology

[0002] During shipbuilding, numerous transverse seams on the hull require welding. However, transverse butt welds on thin plates typically employ traditional multi-layer, multi-pass CO2 gas shielded welding. Due to the inherent poor rigidity, thinness, and high heat sensitivity of thin plates, multi-layer, multi-pass welding generates a cumulative effect of multiple thermal cycles. This leads to stress concentration in the transverse and longitudinal shrinkage of the weld, making it highly susceptible to inward deformation and folding of the weld seam after welding. Consequently, the welding quality of the hull is significantly affected.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design an auxiliary tooling and welding method for thin plate transverse butt welding to solve the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an auxiliary tooling and welding method for transverse butt welding of thin plates, which can improve the rigidity of the welded plate surface and prevent the collapse and concave corner deformation of the plate surface on both sides of the weld from the source, thereby improving the welding quality.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] Auxiliary fixture for thin-plate horizontal butt welding, used to fix and connect the upper and lower plates to be welded, including:

[0007] The card is used to be vertically mounted across the upper plate and the lower plate to be welded, with one end of the card being welded to the upper plate and the other end of the card being welded to the lower plate.

[0008] The card code has a clearance groove, which is positioned directly opposite the joint between the upper plate and the lower plate;

[0009] A pad, connected to the clip, is disposed on the same side of the upper and lower plates, and the pad covers the seam between the upper and lower plates from one side.

[0010] Preferably, the card code includes a body, a first connecting plate, and a second connecting plate. The first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the body along the vertical direction. The first connecting plate is used to weld to the upper plate, and the second connecting plate is used to weld to the lower plate. The body between the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate is recessed to form the clearance groove.

[0011] Preferably, the first connecting plate is disposed perpendicular to the upper plate, and the second connecting plate is disposed perpendicular to the lower plate.

[0012] Preferably, the auxiliary tooling for horizontal butt welding of thin plates further includes a first reinforcing plate and a second reinforcing plate. The first reinforcing plate is welded horizontally to the portion of the upper plate near the joint, and the second reinforcing plate is welded horizontally to the portion of the lower plate near the joint.

[0013] Preferably, the first reinforcing plate is welded to the first connecting plate, and the second reinforcing plate is welded to the second connecting plate.

[0014] Preferably, the first reinforcing plate is disposed perpendicular to the upper plate and the first connecting plate, and the second reinforcing plate is disposed perpendicular to the lower plate and the second connecting plate.

[0015] Preferably, multiple card codes are provided, and the multiple card codes are spaced apart along the length direction of the seam.

[0016] The method for horizontal butt welding of thin plates, using the aforementioned auxiliary tooling for horizontal butt welding of thin plates, includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Align the clearance groove of the card with the seam, and weld the two ends of the card vertically to the upper plate and the lower plate respectively;

[0018] S2. The gasket is provided between the relief groove and the joint so that the gasket covers one side of the joint;

[0019] S3. The joint is welded in one pass using a gas-electric horizontal welding device.

[0020] Preferably, the method further includes the following steps before step S1:

[0021] Apply a reverse deformation amount to the upper plate and the lower plate.

[0022] Preferably, step S1 is followed by:

[0023] A first reinforcing plate is provided above the card code, and the first reinforcing plate is welded to the card code and the upper plate respectively;

[0024] A second reinforcing plate is provided below the card code, and the second reinforcing plate is welded to the card code and the lower plate respectively.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0026] The auxiliary tooling for thin-plate horizontal butt welding provided by this invention includes clamps and a backing. The clamps are vertically positioned across the upper and lower plates to be welded. Therefore, the upper and lower plates are pre-connected by the clamps to form a longitudinal rigid constraint system, achieving longitudinal clamping constraint on the joint between the upper and lower plates. This can counteract the longitudinal shrinkage of the upper and lower plates during subsequent welding, thereby limiting plate surface collapse and concave corner deformation caused by shrinkage deformation on both sides of the weld. Because the clamps are provided with clearance grooves, which are positioned directly opposite the joint between the upper and lower plates, this provides operating space for subsequent welding operations and prevents interference from the clamps forming the joint during welding. The tooling incorporates a gasket attached to the card, positioned on the same side of both the upper and lower plates. Because the gasket covers the joint between the upper and lower plates from one side, it blocks and supports the molten solder during welding, allowing the solder to remain within the joint and form a neat weld, thus facilitating successful welding. This thin-plate transverse butt welding auxiliary tooling pre-connects the upper and lower plates to be welded, enhancing overall rigidity and mitigating shrinkage stress from subsequent welding. It suppresses plate surface collapse and concave corner deformation on both sides of the weld from the source, improving welding quality and avoiding subsequent heat treatment, thereby shortening the construction cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a side view of the card code provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of the card code, the first reinforcing plate, and the second reinforcing plate provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a thin plate being welded horizontally in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 100 - Upper layer board;

[0032] 200 - Lower layer board;

[0033] 300-Gas-Electric Horizontal Welding Equipment;

[0034] 1-Card code; 11-Leaning slot; 12-Body; 13-First connecting plate; 14-Second connecting plate;

[0035] 2-Padding;

[0036] 3-First reinforcing plate;

[0037] 4-Second reinforcement plate. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0039] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0041] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and "left," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the present invention provides an auxiliary tooling for horizontal butt welding of thin plates. This auxiliary tooling is used to fix and connect with the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200 to be welded. The auxiliary tooling includes a clamp 1 and a gasket 2. The clamp 1 is used to span across the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200 to be welded in a vertical direction. One end of the clamp 1 is welded to the upper plate 100, and the other end of the clamp 1 is welded to the lower plate 200. A clearance groove 11 is provided on the clamp 1, which is set opposite to the joint between the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200. The gasket 2 is connected to the clamp 1 and is set on the same side of the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200. The gasket 2 covers the joint between the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200 from one side. In this embodiment, the clamp 1 is vertically positioned across the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200 to be welded. Therefore, the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200 are pre-connected by the clamp 1 to form a longitudinal rigid constraint system, achieving longitudinal clamping constraint on the joint between the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200. This can counteract the longitudinal shrinkage of the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200 during subsequent welding, thereby limiting the collapse of the plate surface and the concave corner deformation caused by shrinkage deformation on both sides of the weld. Since the clamp 1 is provided with a clearance groove 11, which is positioned directly opposite the joint between the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200, it provides operating space for subsequent welding operations, preventing the clamp 1 from interfering with the formation of the joint during welding. A gasket 2 is connected to the code 1. The gasket 2 is set on the same side of the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200. Since the gasket 2 covers the joint between the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200 from one side, it can block and support the molten solder during welding, so that the solder can stay in the joint between the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200 to form a regular weld, thus completing the welding operation smoothly. This thin plate transverse butt welding auxiliary tool can pre-connect the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200 to be welded to improve the overall rigidity, offset the shrinkage stress of subsequent welding, suppress the collapse of the plate surface and the deformation of the concave corner on both sides of the weld from the source, improve the welding quality, avoid the need for subsequent fire correction, and thus shorten the construction cycle.

[0043] The specific structure of card code 1 can be set according to the actual situation. In this embodiment, for example... Figure 1As shown, the card 1 includes a body 12, a first connecting plate 13, and a second connecting plate 14. The first connecting plate 13 and the second connecting plate 14 are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the body 12 along the vertical direction. The first connecting plate 13 is used to weld to the upper plate 100, and the second connecting plate 14 is used to weld to the lower plate 200. A relief groove 11 is formed in the body 12 between the first connecting plate 13 and the second connecting plate 14. Specifically, the body 12, the first connecting plate 13, and the second connecting plate 14 are all rectangular steel plates and are integrally formed. The first connecting plate 13 and the second connecting plate 14 protrude to the same side of the body 12, thereby forming a recessed relief groove 11 on the body 12 between the first connecting plate 13 and the second connecting plate 14. The first connecting plate 13 and the second connecting plate 14 of the card 1 span across the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200, thereby forming a rigid connection between the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200.

[0044] To enhance the rigid constraint of the card 1 on the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200, the first connecting plate 13 is set perpendicular to the upper plate 100, and the second connecting plate 14 is set perpendicular to the lower plate 200.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the auxiliary tooling for thin plate transverse butt welding also includes a first reinforcing plate 3 and a second reinforcing plate 4. The first reinforcing plate 3 is welded horizontally to the portion of the upper plate 100 near the joint, and the second reinforcing plate 4 is welded horizontally to the portion of the lower plate 200 near the joint. The first reinforcing plate 3 and the second reinforcing plate 4 can form a transverse rigid constraint system for the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200 in the horizontal direction, thereby further improving the flatness of the plate joint after welding. In this embodiment, the first reinforcing plate 3 and the second reinforcing plate 4 are both rectangular steel plates. The first reinforcing plate 3 is welded to the upper plate 100, and the second reinforcing plate 4 is welded to the lower plate 200. Specifically, the first reinforcing plate 3 and the second reinforcing plate 4 are flat iron commonly used in the art.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first reinforcing plate 3 is welded to the first connecting plate 13, and the second reinforcing plate 4 is welded to the second connecting plate 14. The first reinforcing plate 3 and the second reinforcing plate 4 can reinforce the clip 1 from both sides. The three together form a three-dimensional rigid constraint system in both directions, which can greatly improve the overall rigidity of the plate surface after welding, effectively offset the welding shrinkage stress, and suppress the collapse of the plate seam and the deformation of the concave corner from the assembly source.

[0047] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, the first reinforcing plate 3 is set perpendicular to the upper plate 100 and the first connecting plate 13, respectively, and the second reinforcing plate 4 is set perpendicular to the lower plate 200 and the second connecting plate 14, respectively. The first reinforcing plate 3, the locking bracket 1, and the second reinforcing plate 4 form an I-shaped structure, which improves the stability of the overall structure. Specifically, when welding the above structure, the construction personnel first weld the locking bracket 1 to the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200, and then weld the first reinforcing plate 3 and the second reinforcing plate 4 to the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200, respectively. The first reinforcing plate 3 is welded to the first connecting plate 13, and then the second reinforcing plate 4 and the second connecting plate 14 are welded together.

[0048] It is understandable that, such as Figure 2 As shown, multiple clips 1 are provided, and the multiple clips 1 are spaced apart along the length of the joint. The multiple clips 1 can constrain the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200 on both sides of the joint. In order to improve the consistency of stress on the plate surface after welding, the multiple clips 1 are evenly spaced.

[0049] This embodiment also provides a method for horizontal butt welding of thin plates, using the above-mentioned auxiliary tooling for horizontal butt welding of thin plates, including the following steps:

[0050] S1. Align the relief groove 11 of the card 1 with the seam, and weld the two ends of the card 1 vertically to the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200 respectively.

[0051] S2. A gasket 2 is provided between the relief groove 11 and the joint so that the gasket 2 covers one side of the joint;

[0052] S3. Use a gas-electric horizontal welding device to perform a single weld on the butt joint.

[0053] In this embodiment, before welding the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200, the construction personnel first place the clip 1 on the plate surface and align the clearance groove 11 of the clip 1 with the joint between the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200. Then, the construction personnel weld the first connecting plate 13 and the second connecting plate 14 of the clip 1 to the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200 respectively, so that the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200 are pre-connected through the clip 1. After that, the construction personnel place the gasket 2 in the clearance groove 11 and use a wedge-shaped gasket to fill the gap between the gasket 2 and the clip 1 so that the gasket 2 is tightly attached to the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200. After the gasket 2 is installed, the construction personnel use a transverse EGW welding device to weld the joint between the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200, thereby completing a single-pass one-time forming weld.

[0054] Specifically, the material of the liner 2 can be selected according to the actual situation, such as asbestos, ceramic and copper; in this embodiment, the liner 2 is made of ceramic.

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown in this embodiment, the transverse EGW welding device is a commonly used pneumatic-electric transverse welding device 300 in the art. Its specific usage and working principle will not be described in detail here. The transverse EGW welding device mainly includes a welding machine, a water-cooled slider, a water tank, and welding wire. During welding, the front water-cooled slider is in close contact with the plate surface during the welding process to reduce the welding temperature and heat input, thereby preventing the plate surface from folding inward. Specifically, the transverse EGW welding device is used to perform a single weld on the butt joint. A single weld can complete the full thickness fusion of the entire bevel, eliminating the need for backside root cleaning and backside repair welding, which greatly reduces the number of welding passes, thereby reducing the overall heat input and thus sharply reducing the thermal stress inside the plate surface.

[0056] Further, after step S1, the process includes: setting a first reinforcing plate 3 above the clip 1, and welding the first reinforcing plate 3 to the clip 1 and the upper plate 100 respectively; setting a second reinforcing plate 4 below the clip 1, and welding the second reinforcing plate 4 to the clip 1 and the lower plate 200 respectively. Specifically, the construction workers uniformly weld multiple clips 1 along the length of the joint. Then, the construction workers set the first reinforcing plate 3 above the clip 1, and the first reinforcing plate 3 is welded to the upper plate 100 in a horizontal direction. The first reinforcing plate 3 is also welded to the first connecting plate 13 of the multiple clips 1 respectively. After that, the construction workers set the second reinforcing plate 4 below the clip 1, and the second reinforcing plate 4 is welded to the lower plate 200 in a horizontal direction. The second reinforcing plate 4 is also welded to the second connecting plate 14 of the multiple clips 1 respectively, thus finally forming a three-dimensional rigid constraint system in both longitudinal and transverse directions.

[0057] Before step S1, the process also includes: applying a reverse deformation amount to the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200. The reverse deformation amount can counteract the tendency of the plate surface to shrink and concave after welding, thereby further eliminating welding deformation. Specifically, after applying the reverse deformation amount to the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200 before welding, the construction personnel weld the clip 1, the first reinforcing plate 3 and the second reinforcing plate 4 onto the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200, thereby using the clip 1, the first reinforcing plate 3 and the second reinforcing plate 4 to lock the reverse deformation shape of the upper plate 100 and the lower plate 200.

[0058] This thin plate transverse butt welding method adopts the construction logic of "pre-assembly rigid locking" plus "reduced welding heat input". That is, in the assembly stage, the plate surfaces on both sides of the butt joint are rigidly fixed in the transverse and longitudinal directions by the clamp 1, the first reinforcing plate 3 and the second reinforcing plate 4 to offset the transverse and longitudinal shrinkage allowance of the weld in advance. In the welding stage, multi-layer and multi-pass welding is abandoned and a single-pass high-efficiency gas-electric transverse welding process is adopted to significantly reduce the number of welding heat cycles and total heat input from the source, and completely block the conditions for the generation of inward concave corner deformation.

[0059] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thin plate transverse butt welding auxiliary fixture, used for fixed connection with the upper plate (100) and lower plate (200) to be welded, characterized in that, include: The card (1) is used to be vertically mounted across the upper plate (100) to be welded and the lower plate (200) to be welded, and one end of the card (1) is welded to the upper plate (100) and the other end of the card (1) is welded to the lower plate (200). The card code (1) is provided with a relief groove (11), which is located opposite the joint between the upper plate (100) and the lower plate (200); A pad (2) is connected to the clip (1), the pad (2) is disposed on the same side of the upper plate (100) and the lower plate (200), and the pad (2) covers the seam between the upper plate (100) and the lower plate (200) from one side.

2. The auxiliary tooling for thin plate transverse butt welding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The card code (1) includes a body (12), a first connecting plate (13) and a second connecting plate (14). The first connecting plate (13) and the second connecting plate (14) are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the body (12) along the vertical direction. The first connecting plate (13) is used to weld to the upper plate (100), and the second connecting plate (14) is used to weld to the lower plate (200). The body (12) between the first connecting plate (13) and the second connecting plate (14) is recessed to form the relief groove (11).

3. The auxiliary tooling for thin plate transverse butt welding according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first connecting plate (13) is arranged perpendicular to the upper plate (100), and the second connecting plate (14) is arranged perpendicular to the lower plate (200).

4. The auxiliary tooling for thin plate transverse butt welding according to claim 2, characterized in that, The auxiliary tooling for horizontal butt welding of thin plates also includes a first reinforcing plate (3) and a second reinforcing plate (4). The first reinforcing plate (3) is welded horizontally to the portion of the upper plate (100) near the joint, and the second reinforcing plate (4) is welded horizontally to the portion of the lower plate (200) near the joint.

5. The auxiliary tooling for thin plate transverse butt welding according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first reinforcing plate (3) is welded to the first connecting plate (13), and the second reinforcing plate (4) is welded to the second connecting plate (14).

6. The auxiliary tooling for thin plate transverse butt welding according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first reinforcing plate (3) is respectively perpendicular to the upper plate (100) and the first connecting plate (13), and the second reinforcing plate (4) is respectively perpendicular to the lower plate (200) and the second connecting plate (14).

7. The auxiliary tooling for thin plate transverse butt welding according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple card codes (1) are provided, and the multiple card codes (1) are spaced apart along the length direction of the seam.

8. A method for transverse butt welding of thin plates, characterized in that, Using the auxiliary tooling for transverse butt welding of thin plates according to any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: S1. Align the clearance groove (11) of the card (1) with the seam, and weld the two ends of the card (1) vertically to the upper plate (100) and the lower plate (200) respectively. S2. The gasket (2) is provided between the relief groove (11) and the joint so that the gasket (2) covers one side of the joint; S3. The joint is welded in one pass using a gas-electric horizontal welding device (300).

9. The method for transverse butt welding of thin plates according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step S1 is preceded by: Apply a reverse deformation amount to the upper plate (100) and the lower plate (200).

10. The method for transverse butt welding of thin plates according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step S1 is followed by: A first reinforcing plate (3) is provided above the card code (1), and the first reinforcing plate (3) is welded to the card code (1) and the upper plate (100) respectively; A second reinforcing plate (4) is provided below the card code (1), and the second reinforcing plate (4) is welded to the card code (1) and the lower plate (200) respectively.

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