Electrode integrated water-cooled small-bore plasma spray gun

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of plasma spray welding guns, and discloses an electrode integrated water-cooled small-bore plasma spray welding gun which comprises an anode gun head and a cathode conductive rod; the anode gun head is internally provided with an integrated nozzle; a water-cooling cavity is arranged between the anode gun head and the nozzle, and the anode gun head is internally provided with an anode water inlet channel, an anode water outlet cavity, an anode cooling communication chamber and an anode water outlet channel, which are sequentially communicated; the cathode conductive rod is internally provided with a cathode water inlet channel, a cathode water cavity and a cathode water outlet channel which are sequentially communicated; the anode gun head is internally provided with an anode gun head ion gas channel and an anode gun head powder feeding channel, the nozzle is internally provided with a nozzle ion gas channel which is communicated with the anode gun head ion gas channel and a nozzle powder feeding channel which is communicated with the anode gun head powder feeding channel. The application has compact structure, can realize direct water cooling of the cathode and the anode, and can realize long-time continuous welding under a high-temperature environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plasma spraying torch technology, specifically to a water-cooled plasma spraying torch with integrated electrode and small internal bore. Background Technology

[0002] The claw connecting rod of the nuclear control rod drive mechanism is a key core component responsible for reciprocating motion. Because the nuclear control rod drive mechanism is designed for a service life of up to 60 years, the moving friction pairs of the claw connecting rod must possess excellent wear resistance. Therefore, the relatively moving parts of this component typically require a layer of Stellite alloy to be deposited. This relatively moving part has an inner hole with a diameter less than 40 mm. Currently, plasma spraying technology is commonly used to achieve automatic depositing of these small holes, i.e., production is carried out using plasma spraying alloy powder technology. However, existing small-hole plasma spraying guns have poor cathode and anode cooling effects, making continuous welding at high temperatures for extended periods impossible. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical objective of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a compact, water-cooled, small-bore plasma spraying gun with integrated electrodes that enables direct water cooling of the cathode and anode and allows for continuous welding at high temperatures for extended periods.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: An integrated electrode water-cooled small-bore plasma spraying gun includes an anode gun head and a cathode conductive rod disposed inside the anode gun head, wherein an insulating sleeve is provided between the anode gun head and the cathode conductive rod; The anode head is provided with a nozzle integrally formed with the anode head; The anode nozzle has a water-cooling chamber between it and the nozzle, and the anode nozzle has an anode water inlet channel, an anode water outlet chamber, an anode cooling connecting chamber and an anode water outlet channel. The anode water inlet channel, the water-cooling chamber, the anode water outlet chamber, the anode cooling connecting chamber and the anode water outlet channel are connected in series. The cathode conductive rod is provided with a cathode water inlet channel, a cathode water chamber and a cathode water outlet channel connected in series. The anode nozzle has an anode nozzle ion gas channel and an anode nozzle powder feeding channel. The nozzle has a nozzle ion gas channel connected to the anode nozzle ion gas channel and a nozzle powder feeding channel connected to the anode nozzle powder feeding channel.

[0005] The aforementioned technical measures, through the installation of an insulating sleeve, ensure mutual insulation and isolation between the anode nozzle and the cathode conductive rod. The sequentially connected anode water inlet channel, water-cooling chamber, anode water outlet chamber, anode cooling connecting chamber, and anode water outlet channel allow for large-area direct contact between the cooling water and the nozzle, facilitating heat dissipation from the anode nozzle, particularly the nozzle itself, thereby extending its service life and ensuring continuous welding for extended periods in high-temperature environments. Furthermore, the sequentially connected cathode water inlet channel, cathode water chamber, and cathode water outlet channel enable direct water cooling of the cathode conductive rod, promoting heat dissipation from the cathode conductive rod and its associated components, further ensuring continuous welding for extended periods in high-temperature environments. Finally, by designing the anode nozzle and the nozzle as a single, integrally molded structure, leakage is prevented during prolonged welding in high-temperature environments, ensuring sealing performance and thus guaranteeing effective cooling.

[0006] Furthermore, the cathode conductive rod has a through mounting hole, a tungsten electrode is assembled in the mounting hole, and one end of the tungsten electrode passes through the mounting hole and is inserted into the nozzle ion gas channel.

[0007] Furthermore, a tungsten electrode clip is fitted onto the tungsten electrode, and the tungsten electrode is assembled onto the cathode conductive rod via the tungsten electrode clip.

[0008] Furthermore, a copper alloy is brazed onto the tungsten electrode, and the tungsten electrode is assembled onto the cathode conductive rod via the copper alloy.

[0009] Furthermore, the anode gun head is provided with an assembly hole, which is located above the tungsten electrode.

[0010] The above-mentioned technical measures facilitate the installation, disassembly, and replacement of the tungsten electrode by setting up assembly holes.

[0011] Furthermore, the end of the cathode conductive rod closest to the tungsten electrode along the axial direction is convex arc-shaped.

[0012] Furthermore, the nozzle includes a plasma nozzle and a powder feeding nozzle located outside the plasma nozzle; The water-cooled chamber is located between the anode nozzle and the plasma nozzle, the nozzle ion gas channel is located inside the plasma nozzle, and the nozzle powder feeding channel is located inside the powder feeding nozzle.

[0013] Furthermore, the cathode water chamber includes a cathode inlet chamber, a cathode cooling communication chamber, and a cathode outlet chamber connected in series. The cathode water inlet channel, cathode water inlet chamber, cathode cooling connecting chamber, cathode water outlet chamber, and cathode water outlet channel are connected in series.

[0014] Furthermore, the anode head and nozzle are integrally formed structures made of copper alloy.

[0015] Furthermore, the maximum outer diameter of the anode nozzle is ≤20mm.

[0016] The above-mentioned technical measures enable the present invention to be applied to welding the inner holes of workpieces with a diameter ≤ 40 mm.

[0017] One or more technical solutions provided by this invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: This invention achieves mutual insulation between the anode nozzle and the cathode conductive rod by incorporating an insulating sleeve. The sequentially connected anode water inlet channel, water-cooling chamber, anode water outlet chamber, anode cooling connecting chamber, and anode water outlet channel allow for large-area direct contact between the cooling water and the nozzle, facilitating heat dissipation from the anode nozzle, particularly the nozzle itself, thereby extending its service life and ensuring continuous welding at high temperatures. Furthermore, the sequentially connected cathode water inlet channel, cathode water chamber, and cathode water outlet channel enable direct water cooling of the cathode conductive rod, promoting heat dissipation from the rod and its associated components, further ensuring continuous welding at high temperatures. Finally, the integrated anode nozzle and anode head prevent leakage during prolonged welding at high temperatures, ensuring a tight seal and effective cooling. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate embodiments of the invention and constitute a part of this invention, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view at point AA; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Sectional view at point BB; Among them, 1-anode nozzle; 2-cathode conductive rod; 3-insulating sleeve; 4-nozzle; 5-water cooling chamber; 6-anode water inlet channel; 7-anode water outlet chamber; 8-anode cooling connecting chamber; 9-anode water outlet channel; 10-cathode water inlet channel; 11-cathode water outlet channel; 12-anode nozzle ion gas channel; 13-anode nozzle powder feeding channel; 14-nozzle ion gas channel; 15-nozzle powder feeding channel; 16-tungsten electrode; 17-plasma nozzle; 18-powder feeding nozzle; 19-cathode water inlet chamber; 20-cathode cooling connecting chamber; 21-cathode water outlet chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0020] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] Example 1 Reference Figures 1-3 This embodiment provides an electrode-integrated water-cooled small-bore plasma spraying gun, including an anode gun head 1 and a cathode conductive rod 2 disposed in the anode gun head 1, with an insulating sleeve 3 provided between the anode gun head 1 and the cathode conductive rod 2; The anode head 1 has a nozzle 4 integrally formed with it; the anode head 1 and nozzle 4 are integrally formed structures made of copper alloy and manufactured using additive manufacturing technology. The maximum outer diameter of the anode head 1 is ≤20mm.

[0022] A water-cooling chamber 5 is provided between the anode head 1 and the nozzle 4, and the anode head 1 is provided with an anode water inlet channel 6, an anode water outlet chamber 7, an anode cooling connecting chamber 8 and an anode water outlet channel 9. The anode water inlet channel 6, the water-cooling chamber 5, the anode water outlet chamber 7, the anode cooling connecting chamber 8 and the anode water outlet channel 9 are connected in series. Specifically, the anode head 1 has an axially extending inner hole for assembling the cathode conductive rod 2, and the inner hole does not penetrate the anode head 1. The cathode conductive rod 2 is tightly fitted with the insulating sleeve 3, and the cathode conductive rod 2 is tightly wrapped by the insulating sleeve 3. The insulating sleeve 3 is made of organic or inorganic insulating material, and the thickness of the insulating sleeve 3 is ≤2mm to ensure the heat resistance and anti-breakdown performance of the insulating sleeve 3. The cathode conductive rod 2 with the insulating sleeve 3 is assembled in the inner hole.

[0023] The water-cooling chamber 5 is a ring structure that surrounds the outer wall of the nozzle 4.

[0024] The cathode conductive rod 2 has a cathode water inlet channel 10, a cathode water chamber and a cathode water outlet channel 11 connected in series. The cathode water chamber includes a cathode water inlet chamber 19, a cathode cooling connecting chamber 20, and a cathode water outlet chamber 21 connected in series. The cathode water inlet channel 10, cathode water inlet chamber 19, cathode cooling connecting chamber 20, cathode water outlet chamber 21 and cathode water outlet channel 11 are connected in series and form a ring structure.

[0025] The anode nozzle 1 is provided with an anode nozzle ion gas channel 12 and an anode nozzle powder feeding channel 13. The nozzle 4 is provided with a nozzle ion gas channel 14 connected to the anode nozzle ion gas channel 12 and a nozzle powder feeding channel 15 connected to the anode nozzle powder feeding channel 13.

[0026] Among them, the nozzle 4 includes a plasma nozzle 17 and a powder feeding nozzle 18 located outside the plasma nozzle 17; The water-cooled chamber 5 is located between the anode nozzle 1 and the plasma nozzle 17, the nozzle ion gas channel 14 is located inside the plasma nozzle 17, and the nozzle powder feeding channel 15 is located inside the powder feeding nozzle 18.

[0027] Specifically, the nozzle powder feeding channel 15 can be a ring-shaped array of powder feeding holes or powder feeding grooves, which facilitates the uniform entry of powder into the molten pool.

[0028] The anode nozzle 1 and the plasma nozzle 17 are integrally formed, and the anode nozzle 1 and the powder feeding nozzle 18 are integrally formed.

[0029] The axis of nozzle 4 is perpendicular to the axis of the inner hole, and the nozzle ion gas channel 14 is connected to the inner hole.

[0030] A mounting hole is provided through the cathode conductive rod 2, and a tungsten electrode 16 is installed in the mounting hole. One end of the tungsten electrode 16 passes through the mounting hole and is inserted into the nozzle ion gas channel 14. Correspondingly, a through hole is provided on the insulating sleeve 3 for the tungsten electrode 16 to pass through. Specifically, the through hole and mounting hole are located directly above the nozzle ion gas channel 14 and are on the same axis as the nozzle ion gas channel 14.

[0031] A tungsten electrode clip is fitted onto the tungsten electrode 16, and the tungsten electrode 16 is assembled onto the cathode conductive rod 2 through the tungsten electrode clip.

[0032] The tungsten electrode clip is made of copper and is connected to the cathode conductive rod 2 by a thread.

[0033] An assembly hole is provided on the anode nozzle 1, which is located above the tungsten electrode 16.

[0034] The end of the cathode conductive rod 2 closest to the tungsten electrode 16 along the axial direction is convex arc-shaped.

[0035] In this embodiment, the ports of the anode water inlet channel 6, anode water outlet channel 9, cathode water inlet channel 10, cathode water outlet channel 11, anode nozzle ion gas channel 12, and anode nozzle powder feeding channel 13 can be circular, elliptical, or oblong.

[0036] The wall thickness between the anode inlet channel 6 and the anode outlet channel 9 is ≥0.5mm, the wall thickness between the cathode inlet chamber 19 and the cathode outlet chamber 21 is ≥0.5mm, and the wall thickness between the cathode inlet channel 10 and the cathode outlet channel 11 is ≥0.5mm.

[0037] In this embodiment, there are two cathode inlet chambers 19, which are arranged on both sides of the tungsten electrode 16; there are two cathode outlet chambers 21, which are arranged on both sides of the tungsten electrode 16; the cathode inlet chambers 19 and the cathode outlet chambers are arranged vertically.

[0038] During application, ion gas enters from the ion gas channel 12 of the anode nozzle and exits from the ion gas channel 14 of the nozzle; powder enters from the powder feeding channel 13 of the anode nozzle and exits from the powder feeding channel 15 of the nozzle; the cooling circulating water of the cathode enters from the cathode inlet channel 10, passes through the cathode inlet chamber 19, the cathode cooling connecting chamber 20, and the cathode outlet chamber 21 in sequence, and finally exits through the cathode outlet channel 11; the cooling circulating water of the anode enters from the anode inlet channel 6, passes through the water cooling chamber 5, the anode outlet chamber 7, and the anode cooling connecting chamber 8 in sequence, and finally exits through the anode outlet channel 9.

[0039] Example 2 The rest of the content of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: A copper alloy is brazed onto the tungsten electrode, which is then assembled onto the cathode conductive rod via the copper alloy.

[0040] Specifically, the copper alloy is connected to the cathode conductive rod via a threaded connection.

[0041] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0042] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An electrode-integrated water-cooled small-bore plasma spraying gun, comprising an anode gun head (1) and a cathode conductive rod (2) disposed in the anode gun head (1), wherein an insulating sleeve (3) is provided between the anode gun head (1) and the cathode conductive rod (2). Its features are: The anode gun head (1) is provided with a nozzle (4) integrally formed with the anode gun head (1). The anode nozzle (1) has a water-cooling chamber (5) between it and the nozzle (4), and the anode nozzle (1) is provided with an anode water inlet channel (6), an anode water outlet chamber (7), an anode cooling connecting chamber (8) and an anode water outlet channel (9). The anode water inlet channel (6), the water-cooling chamber (5), the anode water outlet chamber (7), the anode cooling connecting chamber (8) and the anode water outlet channel (9) are connected in series. The cathode conductive rod (2) is provided with a cathode water inlet channel (10), a cathode water chamber and a cathode water outlet channel (11) connected in series. The anode nozzle (1) is provided with an anode nozzle ion gas channel (12) and an anode nozzle powder feeding channel (13). The nozzle (4) is provided with a nozzle ion gas channel (14) connected to the anode nozzle ion gas channel (12) and a nozzle powder feeding channel (15) connected to the anode nozzle powder feeding channel (13).

2. The electrode-integrated water-cooled small-bore plasma spraying torch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode conductive rod (2) has a mounting hole that passes through it. A tungsten electrode (16) is installed in the mounting hole, and one end of the tungsten electrode (16) passes through the mounting hole and is inserted into the nozzle ion gas channel (14).

3. The electrode-integrated water-cooled small-bore plasma spraying torch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tungsten electrode (16) is fitted with a tungsten electrode clip, and the tungsten electrode (16) is assembled onto the cathode conductive rod (2) through the tungsten electrode clip.

4. The water-cooled small-bore plasma spraying torch with integrated electrode as described in claim 2, characterized in that: A copper alloy is brazed onto the tungsten electrode (16), and the tungsten electrode (16) is assembled onto the cathode conductive rod (2) through the copper alloy.

5. The electrode-integrated water-cooled small-bore plasma spraying torch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anode nozzle (1) has an assembly hole located above the tungsten electrode (16).

6. The electrode-integrated water-cooled small-bore plasma spraying torch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the cathode conductive rod (2) that is close to the tungsten electrode (16) along the axial direction is convex arc-shaped.

7. The electrode-integrated water-cooled small-bore plasma spraying torch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (4) includes a plasma nozzle (17) and a powder feeding nozzle (18) located outside the plasma nozzle (17). The water-cooled chamber (5) is located between the anode nozzle (1) and the plasma nozzle (17), the nozzle ion gas channel (14) is located inside the plasma nozzle (17), and the nozzle powder feeding channel (15) is located inside the powder feeding nozzle (18).

8. The water-cooled small-bore plasma spraying torch with integrated electrode as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode water chamber includes a cathode inlet chamber (19), a cathode cooling connection chamber (20), and a cathode outlet chamber (21) connected in series. The cathode water inlet channel (10), cathode water inlet chamber (19), cathode cooling communication chamber (20), cathode water outlet chamber (21) and cathode water outlet channel (11) are connected in series.

9. The water-cooled small-bore plasma spraying torch with integrated electrode as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The anode gun head (1) and nozzle (4) are integrally formed structures made of copper alloy.

10. The water-cooled small-bore plasma spraying torch with integrated electrode as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum outer diameter of the anode gun head (1) is ≤20mm.

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