A grain assembled silo bin plate splicing automatic welding device and a welding method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of welding, and specifically discloses a grain assembly type bin plate splicing automatic welding device and a welding method thereof, which comprises a base frame, both sides of the top of the base frame are fixedly provided with splicing alignment mechanisms, and the top of the base frame is fixedly provided with a welding mechanism on the inner side of the two splicing alignment mechanisms; the splicing alignment mechanism comprises a bracket, during application of the technical solution, through cooperation of the alignment splicing mechanism and the welding linkage mechanism, automatic alignment clamping, automatic splicing and lamination, and double-sided synchronous welding full-process operation of the bin plate can be sequentially completed, automatic operation of plate alignment and splicing is realized by means of the electric control sensing component and the motor self-locking structure, linkage operation of the welding walking structure and the bin plate rotating structure is realized, complete welding of the arc-shaped weld is completed, the overall operation process of the arc-shaped bin plate splicing and welding is reduced, the frequency of manual auxiliary operation is reduced, and the welding processing efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding technology, and in particular to an automatic welding device and welding method for splicing prefabricated grain silo panels. Background Technology

[0002] In the grain storage sector, prefabricated cylindrical silos are widely used due to their advantages such as convenient installation, high space utilization, good sealing performance, and short construction period. These silos are made by splicing and welding multiple prefabricated arc-shaped silo panels one by one. The welding quality of the splicing welds of the silo panels directly determines the overall structural strength and grain storage sealing of the silo, and is the core process in the production and processing of prefabricated silos. With the continuous improvement of the production capacity of the grain storage industry, the splicing and welding of arc-shaped silo panels is gradually developing towards automation and batch production, which puts forward higher requirements for the structural adaptability and operational precision of welding equipment.

[0003] Existing welding equipment for silo plates mostly follows the design concept of flat plate welding fixtures. Some automated welding systems adopt a structure in which a mobile cantilever carries a welding carriage. By arranging the assembly fixture and welding fixture side by side, the positioning, clamping and welding of the plate are completed. This type of equipment can achieve a certain degree of automation in the straight seam welding of flat plates, which can reduce some manual operation and improve the efficiency of conventional steel structure welding. It is widely used in the batch welding of flat workpieces.

[0004] When these types of equipment, which follow the logic of flat plate welding, are applied to the welding of arc-shaped silo plates, they lack an automatic feeding and alignment system adapted to the curved surface structure. They cannot achieve stable positioning and clamping of the arc-shaped silo plates and precise weld alignment. The arc-shaped structure itself has poor placement stability, and silo plates with different curvatures cannot be universally adapted to existing fixtures. During the welding process, manual assistance is required to repeatedly adjust the position of the workpiece. At the same time, it is difficult to simultaneously cover the weld seams on both the top and bottom surfaces of the arc surface of the silo plate. The overall operation efficiency is low and the welding quality is inconsistent, which cannot meet the production needs of batch splicing and welding of arc-shaped silo plates for assembled silos. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic welding device and welding method for splicing prefabricated grain silo panels, in order to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an automatic welding device for splicing and welding prefabricated grain silo panels, including a base frame, on both sides of the top of the base frame being fixedly installed with assembly and alignment mechanisms, and on the top of the base frame located inside the two assembly and alignment mechanisms being fixedly installed with welding mechanisms. The assembly and alignment mechanism includes a bracket, which is fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the base frame. A support seat is fixedly installed on the top of the bracket. A support groove is opened on the inner side of the support seat. Ball bearings are rotatably connected at equal intervals on the inner side of the support groove. A support frame is fixedly installed on the rear side of the bracket. A mounting seat is fixedly installed on the front end of the top of the support frame. An alignment adjustment module is fixedly installed on the middle front side of the mounting seat. An alignment feed module is fixedly installed on the inner front side of the mounting seat. The welding mechanism is located in the middle inner side of the support frame.

[0007] Furthermore, a support frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the base frame, the overall side of the support groove is V-shaped, and the inner side of the support groove is where the hopper plate to be welded is placed.

[0008] Furthermore, the alignment adjustment module includes a top seat, which is fixedly installed on the front center of the mounting base. A first electric cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the top seat, and an alignment seat is fixedly installed through the bottom output end of the first electric cylinder. An alignment drive wheel is rotatably connected to the inner side of the alignment seat. A first gearbox is fixedly installed on one side of the alignment seat, and a first motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the first gearbox. The output end of the first motor drives the alignment drive wheel to rotate through the first gearbox.

[0009] Furthermore, the alignment feeding module includes a side seat, which is fixedly installed on the inner front end of the mounting base. A second electric cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the side seat, and a feeding seat is fixedly installed at the output end of the second electric cylinder. A feeding drive wheel is rotatably connected to the inner side of the feeding seat. The feeding drive wheel and the alignment drive wheel are arranged perpendicularly. A second gearbox is fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the feeding seat, and a third motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the second gearbox. The third motor drives the feeding drive wheel to rotate through the second gearbox. Anti-slip textures are evenly spaced on the outer surfaces of the feeding drive wheel and the alignment drive wheel. The alignment adjustment module can drive the arc-shaped material hopper plate to be welded laterally. By driving the material hopper plate to be welded to rotate through the alignment adjustment modules on both sides, the material hopper plates to be welded are precisely aligned with each other. When the lateral position of the two material hopper plates to be welded is adjusted and they are in a mutually aligned state, the alignment feeding module can contact the material hopper plate to be welded to drive it to move inward. This process ensures the alignment of the silo plates to be welded. Once aligned and assembled, the welding mechanism can be activated to weld the top and bottom surfaces. During welding, the alignment adjustment module can be used to adjust the rotation of the silo plates within the support groove. Since the silo plates are arc-shaped, driving them to move laterally along the support groove will cause them to rotate. Combined with the lateral movement and angle adjustment of the welding mechanism, stable and comprehensive welding can be performed. This technical solution detects whether the silo plates are aligned by using laser displacement sensors, line laser contour sensors, or contact displacement sensors. Two sets of laser displacement sensors are placed on both sides of the mating silo plates to collect the distance between the plate surfaces. The line laser contour sensor is horizontally mounted across the silo plate joint to scan the overall contour. The contact displacement sensor uses a cylinder to push the probe against the surfaces of the two silo plates to compare the displacement data. This allows for the simultaneous identification of left and right offsets and height misalignments of the silo plates, accurately determining the alignment status of the silo plates.

[0010] Furthermore, a base is fixedly installed on one side of the top front end of the base frame, a chassis is fixedly installed on the top of the base, and a PLC controller is fixedly installed in the middle of the front side of the chassis.

[0011] Furthermore, the welding mechanism includes a crossbeam and two welding modules. The crossbeam is fixedly installed between the inner sides of the top of the support frame. The two welding modules are symmetrically arranged between the inner sides of the base frame. Connecting support rods are fixedly installed on the rear sides of the two welding modules. The welding module located at the top is fixedly installed between the inner sides of the crossbeam. A drive module is fixedly installed on one side of the welding module located at the top. The moving end of the drive module is connected to the welding module located at the top.

[0012] Furthermore, the welding module includes guide rails, which are respectively disposed at the lower and upper ends of the inner sides of the base frame. The top guide rail is fixedly installed between the inner sides of the crossbeam. The connecting support rod is fixedly connected between the rear sides of the two guide rails. A slider is slidably connected inside the guide rail. A connecting shaft is fixedly installed on the rear side of the slider. A synchronous connecting plate is fixedly installed through the rear end of the connecting shaft through the guide rail. The top slider is connected to the moving end of the drive module. Each slider is provided with a welding component, and the two welding components are arranged symmetrically at the top and bottom.

[0013] Furthermore, the welding assembly includes a third electric cylinder, which is fixedly installed on one side of the slider that is far apart from each other. The inner output end of the third electric cylinder is fixedly installed through the slider with an angle adjustment seat. The outer side of the angle adjustment seat is fixedly installed with a fourth motor. The output end of the fourth motor is fixedly installed through the angle adjustment seat with a laser welding head.

[0014] Furthermore, the drive module includes a side rail, which is fixedly installed on one side of the top guide rail among two guide rails. A lead screw is rotatably connected inside the side rail. An accordion cover is provided on the top of the side rail for dust protection. A third gearbox is fixedly installed at one end of the side rail. A fifth motor is fixedly installed on the outside of the third gearbox. The output end of the fifth motor drives the lead screw to rotate through the third gearbox. A movable block is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the lead screw. A connecting top frame is fixedly installed on the top of the movable block. The outer side of the connecting top frame is fixedly connected to a slider located at the top.

[0015] An automatic welding method for splicing and welding the silo panels of a prefabricated grain silo includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the two silo plates to be welded into the support grooves of the support seats on both sides of the base frame. The inner ball bearings of the support grooves contact the outer wall of the silo plate. The bracket and support frame support the upper adjustment components. The alignment adjustment module and the alignment feed module are kept in the retracted state. The PLC controller inside the chassis retrieves the preset operating parameters. Step 2: The PLC controller drives the first electric cylinder to extend, and the alignment seat moves down so that the alignment drive wheel fits against the top arc surface of the bin plate. The first motor drives the alignment drive wheel to rotate through the first gearbox, and the bin plate rotates with the ball bearing in the support groove until the mating ends of the bin plate are aligned. Step 3: The PLC controller shuts down the first motor, the first motor is powered off and self-locked, and the alignment drive wheel keeps pressing down on the clamping plate; Step 4: The PLC controller drives the second electric cylinder to extend, and the feed seat moves horizontally so that the feed drive wheel is in contact with the side end face of the bin plate; Step 5: The PLC controller drives the first electric cylinder to retract, the alignment drive wheel disengages from the top surface of the bin plate, the PLC controller starts the third motor, the third motor drives the feed drive wheel to rotate through the second gearbox, and the two bin plates move axially towards each other until the mating end faces are in contact. Step 6: The PLC controller shuts down the third motor, the third motor is powered off and self-locked, the feed drive wheel laterally clamps the bin plate, and the butt weld of the bin plate is placed in the middle of the welding mechanism; Step 7: The PLC controller drives the second electric cylinder to retract, the feed drive wheel disengages from the side end face of the bin plate, and the PLC controller drives the first electric cylinder to extend again, the alignment drive wheel re-fits the top surface of the bin plate; Step 8: The PLC controller starts the fifth motor, which drives the lead screw to rotate via the third gearbox. The lead screw drives the movable block to move linearly, and the movable block drives the top slider to slide along the guide rail. The coupling shaft and the synchronous connecting plate drive the bottom slider to move synchronously. The upper and lower sliders drive the two sets of welding components to move synchronously along the weld seam. Step Nine: The PLC controller adjusts the extension and retraction of the third electric cylinder, the PLC controller drives the fourth motor to rotate the angle adjustment seat, the synchronous drive module controls the first motor to run at low speed, and the alignment drive wheel drives the bin plate to rotate. At this time, the fifth motor remains locked. The rotating bin plate cooperates with the welding components in a stationary state to complete the arc weld. After the welding is completed, the PLC controller starts the third motor to run and discharge the bin plate. Repeat steps one to nine in a cycle.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Firstly, in this invention, during the application of this technical solution, the alignment adjustment module and the alignment feed module inside the assembly and alignment mechanism work independently and in steps, combined with the self-locking structure of the brake motors of the first and third motors, to separately complete the circumferential angle alignment and axial assembly and pushing operations of the bin plate. The alignment drive wheel and the feed drive wheel are arranged at a 90-degree angle perpendicularly, which can independently control the rotation and axial translation of the bin plate. With the help of laser displacement sensors, line laser contour sensors, and contact displacement sensors, the bin plate docking offset and misalignment are identified. The curved bin plate is supported by the support seat and support groove, and the friction of the bin plate adjustment is reduced by the ball bearings. There is no need for manual repeated adjustment of the placement position of the curved bin plate, which improves the situation where existing equipment is difficult to place the curved bin plate stably and requires manual assistance for alignment and assembly.

[0017] Firstly, in this invention, during the application of this technical solution, the two sets of welding modules and drive modules inside the welding mechanism work together in a coordinated manner. The fifth motor drives the third gearbox to drive the lead screw to rotate, which in turn drives the movable block and slider to work with the synchronous connecting plate to achieve synchronous movement of the upper and lower welding components. The third electric cylinder can adjust the welding spacing of the laser welding head, and the fourth motor drives the angle adjustment seat to adjust the welding angle of the laser welding head. The double-sided welding of the top and bottom surfaces of the silo plate can be completed simultaneously. During the welding process, the self-locking of the first motor can be released, and the silo plate can be rotated by the alignment drive wheel to adapt to the arc weld. The whole machine is controlled by the PLC controller inside the machine box to coordinate the operation of all components. The disassembly, alignment and feeding actions prevent the silo plate assembly from shifting, reduce the manual plate adjustment and welding position adjustment procedures, and adapt to the automated splicing and welding operation of the assembled arc silo plate for grain. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure in this invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure viewed from below in this invention; Figure 5 This is a side view of the structure in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly and alignment mechanism in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the welding assembly structure in this invention; Figure 8 In this invention Figure 7 A magnified structural diagram at point A.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Base frame; 2. Assembly and alignment mechanism; 21. Bracket; 22. Support seat; 23. Support groove; 24. Ball bearing; 25. Support frame; 26. Mounting seat; 27. Alignment adjustment module; 271. Top seat; 272. First electric cylinder; 273. Alignment seat; 274. Alignment drive wheel; 275. First gearbox; 276. First motor; 28. Alignment feed module; 281. Side seat; 282. Second electric cylinder; 283. Feed seat; 284. Feed drive wheel; 285. Second gearbox; 286. Third motor; 3. Welding machine 31. Crossbeam; 32. Welding module; 321. Guide rail; 322. Slider; 323. Coupling shaft; 324. Synchronous connecting plate; 325. Welding assembly; 3251. Third electric cylinder; 3252. Angle adjustment seat; 3253. Fourth motor; 3254. Laser welding head; 33. Connecting support rod; 34. Drive module; 341. Side rail; 342. Lead screw; 343. Third gearbox; 344. Fifth motor; 345. Movable block; 346. Connecting top frame; 4. Support base frame; 5. Base; 6. Chassis; 7. PLC controller. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figures 1 to 8 In this embodiment of the invention, an automatic welding device for splicing prefabricated grain silo panels includes a base frame 1, on both sides of the top of the base frame 1, an assembly alignment mechanism 2 is fixedly installed, and a welding mechanism 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the base frame 1 inside the two assembly alignment mechanisms 2. The assembly and alignment mechanism 2 includes a bracket 21, which is fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the base frame 1. A support seat 22 is fixedly installed on the top of the bracket 21. A support groove 23 is opened on the inner side of the support seat 22. Rollers 24 are rotatably connected at equal intervals on the inner side of the support groove 23. A support frame 25 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the bracket 21. A mounting seat 26 is fixedly installed on the front end of the top of the support frame 25. An alignment adjustment module 27 is fixedly installed in the middle of the front side of the mounting seat 26. An alignment feed module 28 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the front end of the mounting seat 26. A welding mechanism 3 is set in the middle of the inner side of the support frame 25. During the application of this device, by setting up two sets of assembly and alignment mechanisms 2 to work in conjunction with the middle welding mechanism 3, the arc-shaped bin plate can be directly placed inside the support groove 23. The rollers 24 arranged on the inner side of the support groove 23 can rotate against the outer wall of the bin plate, which can reduce the displacement of the bin plate during adjustment. The frictional resistance generated can be controlled step by step by the alignment adjustment module 27 and the alignment feeding module 28 of the assembly and alignment mechanism 2. The alignment and alignment of the silo plate can be controlled independently. The force load of each adjustment component is borne by the bracket 21 and the support frame 25. The force generated during the pressure and pushing process of the silo plate can be distributed, so that the components are evenly stressed. By arranging the welding mechanism 3 in the middle of the inner side of the two sets of assembly and alignment mechanisms 2, welding can be carried out directly and nearby after the silo plate is assembled, eliminating the steps of silo plate transfer and secondary positioning. The assembly and welding process of the silo plate can be shortened. With the assembly and alignment mechanism 2 arranged symmetrically on both sides, the two silo plates to be welded can be controlled and adjusted simultaneously. It can fit the docking and assembly conditions of the curved silo plate of the cylindrical grain prefabricated silo and is suitable for the synchronous alignment and assembly operation of the silo plate on both sides.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-5 A support base frame 4 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the base frame 1. The overall side shape of the support groove 23 is V-shaped. The silo plate to be welded is placed inside the support groove 23. During the application of this device, by setting the support base frame 4 to be assembled at the bottom of the base frame 1, it can support the self-weight and working load of the entire base frame 1 and all the upper working components, so that the force is balanced when the device is placed and operated. By setting the side of the support groove 23 to a V-shaped structure, the V-shaped groove can fit and fit the outer wall of the arc-shaped silo plate. The positioning system limits the offset of the bin plate. With the internal ball bearings 24 of the support groove 23 moving against the outer wall of the bin plate, it can lock and limit the bin plate while allowing the bin plate to rotate and fine-tune its position. This eliminates the need for external limiting components to fix the bin plate. It is suitable for direct placement of curved bin plates. With the double-sided assembly and alignment mechanism 2 and the central welding mechanism 3 working together, it can directly perform alignment, assembly and welding operations on the placed bin plate, simplifying the operation steps for placing curved bin plates.

[0023] Please see Figures 1-6The alignment adjustment module 27 includes a top seat 271, which is fixedly installed on the front center of the mounting base 26. A first electric cylinder 272 is fixedly installed on the top of the top seat 271. An alignment seat 273 is fixedly installed through the bottom output end of the first electric cylinder 272 through the top seat 271. An alignment drive wheel 274 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the alignment seat 273. A first gearbox 275 is fixedly installed on one side of the alignment seat 273. A first motor 276 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the first gearbox 275. The output end of the first motor 276 drives the alignment drive wheel 274 to rotate through the first gearbox 275. During the application of this device, by setting the top seat 271 to support and fix the first electric cylinder 272, the first electric cylinder 272 can maintain a vertically regular telescopic working posture. The cylinder 272 extends vertically, driving the alignment seat 273 to rise and fall. It can autonomously control the alignment drive wheel 274 to engage with or disengage from the bin plate surface. Through the first motor 276 and the first gearbox 275, the alignment drive wheel 274 rotates. It can use the friction of the outer wall of the alignment drive wheel 274 to drive the bin plate to rotate and adjust the angle. It can autonomously adjust the angle of the bin plate mating end face and lock the start and stop state of the alignment drive wheel 274 as needed. After the alignment drive wheel 274 presses down and engages with the bin plate, it can remain stationary and apply pressure. It can press and limit the bin plate from the upper side of the bin plate, restricting the bin plate from shifting arbitrarily. The bin plate angle adjustment and top surface pressing and limiting operations can be completed using only the module's own components. There is no need to install additional external pressing components, reducing the number of supporting auxiliary operating components.

[0024] Please see Figures 3-6The alignment feed module 28 includes a side seat 281, which is fixedly installed on the inner front end of the mounting base 26. A second electric cylinder 282 is fixedly installed on the top of the side seat 281. A feed seat 283 is fixedly installed at the output end of the second electric cylinder 282. A feed drive wheel 284 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the feed seat 283. The feed drive wheel 284 and the alignment drive wheel 274 are arranged perpendicularly. A second gearbox 285 is fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the feed seat 283. A third motor 286 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the second gearbox 285. The third motor 286 drives the feed drive wheel 284 to rotate via the second gearbox 285. The outer surfaces of the feed drive wheel 284 and the alignment drive wheel 274 are equally spaced with anti-slip textures. During operation, the device uses a side seat 281 to support the second electric cylinder 282, allowing the second electric cylinder 282 to smoothly push the feed seat 283 laterally. The second electric cylinder 282 drives the feed seat 283 to move, controlling whether the feed drive wheel 284 contacts or detaches from the side face of the storage plate. The third motor 286, in conjunction with the second gearbox 285, further enhances the performance. The transmission of box 285 drives the feed drive wheel 284 to rotate, which can drive the axial translation of the bin plate by means of the wheel friction. The feed drive wheel 284 and the alignment drive wheel 274 are arranged perpendicularly, so that the two sets of drive wheels can control the two independent actions of axial translation and circumferential rotation of the bin plate respectively. The anti-slip texture on the outer wall of the two sets of drive wheels can increase the friction between the wheel and the contact surface of the arc-shaped bin plate and reduce the probability of drive slippage. After the circumferential angle of the bin plate is adjusted, the two bin plates can be pushed together and assembled by the alignment feed module 28. After the assembly is completed, the welding machine can be started. Structure 3 completes double-sided welding of the top and bottom surfaces of the silo plate. During welding, the alignment adjustment module 27 can be reused to fit the silo plate, causing the silo plate to rotate inside the support groove 23. This works in conjunction with the welding mechanism 3 to complete the full-area welding of the arc-shaped silo plate. Simultaneously, it works in conjunction with a laser displacement sensor, a line laser contour sensor, and a contact displacement sensor. The three sets of sensors work together to collect data on the distance between the silo plate surfaces, the contour of the joint gap, and the displacement of the plate surface. This allows for the identification of silo plate offset and misalignment, and the determination of the silo plate's fitting status, eliminating the need for manual visual inspection of the silo plate's fitting condition.

[0025] Please see Figures 1-6A base 5 is fixedly installed on one side of the top front end of the base frame 1. A chassis 6 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 5. A PLC controller 7 is fixedly installed in the middle of the front side of the chassis 6. During the application of this device, the base 5 is installed on one side of the top front end of the base frame 1 to support the chassis 6 and various electrical components inside the chassis 6. The chassis 6 can provide external shielding protection for the PLC controller 7, reducing the possibility of external debris directly touching the controller. The PLC controller 7 centrally receives the signals generated by the operation of each module of the equipment and outputs unified control commands to schedule the alignment adjustment module 27, the alignment feed module 28, and the welding mechanism 3 to carry out corresponding actions synchronously. It can centrally manage the entire operation process of the entire device, eliminating the need for multiple independent control elements to be controlled separately and simplifying the layout of the equipment's electrical circuits.

[0026] Please see Figures 3-5 and Figures 7-8 The welding mechanism 3 includes a crossbeam 31 and two welding modules 32. The crossbeam 31 is fixedly installed between the inner sides of the top of the support frame 25. The two welding modules 32 are symmetrically arranged between the inner sides of the base frame 1. Connecting support rods 33 are fixedly installed on the rear sides of the two welding modules 32. The welding module 32 at the top is fixedly installed between the inner sides of the crossbeam 31. A drive module 34 is fixedly installed on one side of the welding module 32 at the top. The moving end of the drive module 34 is connected to the welding module 32 at the top. During the application of this device, by setting the crossbeam 31 between the inner sides of the top of the two support frames 25, it can provide a stable installation point for the top welding module 32. The support rod 33 connects the upper and lower welding modules 32, enabling the two welding modules 32 to maintain synchronous linkage. The two welding modules 32 are symmetrically arranged vertically, allowing simultaneous welding operations on the top and bottom surfaces of the silo plate butt joint. Power output is provided by the drive module 34 connected to the top welding module 32, allowing the moving end of the drive module 34 to directly drive the top welding module 32 to move, and the bottom welding module 32 to move synchronously. There is no need to configure a separate power component to drive the bottom welding module 32, reducing the number of power components in the device. The movement position of the welding module 32 can be uniformly controlled according to the direction of the arc-shaped silo plate butt joint weld, which is suitable for double-sided synchronous welding operations after the silo plate is assembled.

[0027] Please see Figures 3-5 and Figures 7-8The welding module 32 includes guide rails 321, which are respectively located at the lower and upper ends of the inner sides of the base frame 1. The top guide rail 321 is fixedly installed between the inner sides of the crossbeam 31. A connecting rod 33 is fixedly connected between the rear sides of the two guide rails 321. A slider 322 is slidably connected inside the guide rail 321. A connecting shaft 323 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the slider 322. A synchronous connecting plate 324 is fixedly installed through the rear end of the connecting shaft 323 through the guide rail 321. The top slider 322 is connected to the moving end of the drive module 34. Each slider 322 is equipped with a welding component 325. The two welding components 325 are arranged symmetrically above and below. During the application of this device, the guide rails 321 arranged above and below provide a limited sliding path for the slider 322. The top guide rail 321 is positioned and installed by relying on the crossbeam 31. The connecting rod 33 fixes the two sets of The relative positions of the guide rails 321 ensure that the upper and lower guide rails 321 are aligned. When the moving end of the drive module 34 drives the top slider 322 to slide along the guide rail 321, the top slider 322 can be driven by the connecting shaft 323 and the synchronous connecting plate 324. The synchronous connecting plate 324 drives the bottom slider 322 to slide synchronously along the lower guide rail 321, so that the upper and lower sliders 322 move in the same direction and at the same speed. The slider 322 can carry the corresponding welding component 325 to move synchronously. The welding components 325 arranged symmetrically above and below can move synchronously with the slider 322, and can move synchronously along the butt weld of the silo plate. A single power source can drive the two sets of welding components 325 to move synchronously without separately adjusting the movement rhythm of the two sets of welding components 325, ensuring that the movement positions of the two sets of welding components 325 correspond to each other, which is suitable for synchronous welding of the upper and lower butt welds of the curved silo plate.

[0028] Please see Figures 3-5 and Figures 7-8The welding assembly 325 includes a third electric cylinder 3251, which is fixedly installed on the side of the slider 322 that is far apart from it. The inner output end of the third electric cylinder 3251 passes through the slider 322 and is fixedly installed with an angle adjustment seat 3252. The outer side of the angle adjustment seat 3252 is fixedly installed with a fourth motor 3253. The output end of the fourth motor 3253 passes through the angle adjustment seat 3252 and is fixedly installed with a laser welding head 3254. During the application of this device, the third electric cylinder 3251 installed on the outer side of the slider 322 drives the angle adjustment seat 3252 to make linear displacement, which can autonomously change the weld seam between the laser welding head 3254 and the plate. The spacing between them is adjusted by the fourth motor 3253 mounted on the outside of the angle adjustment seat 3252 to drive the laser welding head 3254 to rotate, which can autonomously adjust the direction of the laser welding head 3254. The third electric cylinder 3251 and the fourth motor 3253 work together to adapt to the welding requirements of different curvature plate welds. While the slider 322 drives the entire welding assembly 325 to move along the weld, the distance and orientation of the laser welding head 3254 are adjusted simultaneously. There is no need to manually change the placement of the laser welding head 3254. The entire adjustment component moves with the slider 322 as a whole, and there is no need to add an additional independent moving support to support the welding head adjustment component.

[0029] Please see Figures 3-5 The drive module 34 includes a side rail 341, which is fixedly installed on one side of the top guide rail 321 among two guide rails 321. A lead screw 342 is rotatably connected inside the side rail 341. A bellows cover is provided on the top of the side rail 341 for dust protection. A third gearbox 343 is fixedly installed at one end of the side rail 341. A fifth motor 344 is fixedly installed on the outside of the third gearbox 343. The output end of the fifth motor 344 drives the lead screw 342 to rotate through the third gearbox 343. A movable block 345 is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the lead screw 342. A connecting top frame 346 is fixedly installed on the top of the movable block 345. The outer side of the connecting top frame 346 is fixedly connected to the slider 322 located at the top. During the application of this device, it is connected to the side rail. The guide rail 341 is fixed to one side of the top guide rail 321 to support the lead screw 342. The bellows cover covers the top of the side rail 341, which can prevent dust from entering the interior of the rail and contacting the lead screw 342. The fifth motor 344, together with the third gearbox 343, outputs torque to drive the lead screw 342 to rotate. During the rotation of the lead screw 342, it drives the movable block 345 to make linear translation. The movable block 345 transmits thrust through the connecting top frame 346 to drive the top slider 322 to slide along the guide rail 321. The entire set of power transmission components is concentrated on one side of the side rail 341. Only a single set of motor lead screw 342 structure can output the walking power to drive the overall displacement of the welding module 32. There is no need to use multiple sets of independent power components to drive the slider 322 separately, which can simplify the layout of the walking power of the welding module 32.

[0030] An automatic welding method for splicing and welding the silo panels of a prefabricated grain silo includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the two silo plates to be welded into the support grooves 23 of the support seats 22 on both sides of the base frame 1. The V-shaped support grooves 23 fit the outer contour of the arc-shaped silo plate to complete the positioning. The inner ball bearings 24 of the support grooves 23 fit the outer wall of the silo plate to reduce the frictional resistance of subsequent adjustment. The bracket 21 and the support frame 25 bear the load of the upper adjustment component. The alignment adjustment module 27 and the alignment feed module 28 are initially in the retracted standby state. The PLC controller 7 inside the chassis 6 retrieves the preset operating parameters and prepares to carry out the silo plate alignment operation. Step 2: The PLC controller 7 controls the first electric cylinder 272 to extend downward, driving the alignment seat 273 to move downward, so that the alignment drive wheel 274 presses against the top arc surface of the bin plate. The first motor 276 starts running. The first motor 276 drives the alignment drive wheel 274 to rotate through the transmission of the first gearbox 275. Relying on the friction of the wheel, the bin plate rotates inside the support groove 23 with the support ball 24, adjusting the angle of the mating end face of the two bin plates until the mating end face of the two bin plates is completely aligned. During application, laser displacement sensors, line laser contour sensors, and contact displacement sensors can be configured during adjustment. During use, the alignment detection of the bin plates can be completed by relying on the laser displacement sensors, line laser contour sensors, and contact displacement sensors. Two sets of laser displacement sensors are set at fixed points on both sides of the docking bin plates to collect the distance values ​​of the plate surfaces. The line laser contour sensor is horizontally erected across the docking seam of the bin plates to scan the overall contour. The contact displacement sensor is pushed by a cylinder to push the probe against the surfaces of the two bin plates to compare the displacement data and simultaneously identify the left and right offset and height misalignment of the bin plates until the sensor feedback data determines that the docking end faces of the two bin plates are completely aligned. The laser displacement sensors, line laser contour sensors, and contact displacement sensors can be flexibly assembled to the support frame 25 and the support base 22 using screws and corresponding mounting brackets, or directly installed on the outside of the entire equipment using an external bracket to assist in detecting whether they are aligned. Since the above-mentioned sensor detection is an existing technical means, this technical solution will not be described in detail here. Step 3: After the circumferential angle of the silo plate is aligned, the PLC controller 7 shuts down the first motor 276. The first motor 276 is a brake motor that achieves power-off self-locking. The output shaft of the first motor 276 is locked and fixed, and the alignment drive wheel 274 remains in a downward pressure state and cannot rotate. It vertically presses and limits the silo plate, restricts the silo plate from rotating and deviating on its own, and locks the circumferential position of the silo plate. Step 4: PLC controller 7 controls the second electric cylinder 282 to extend outward, pushing the feed seat 283 to move horizontally, so that the feed drive wheel 284 fits against the side end face of the bin plate. Relying on the structure of the alignment drive wheel 274 and the feed drive wheel 284 arranged at a 90-degree angle, it is ensured that the driving directions of the two sets of wheels do not interfere with each other. Step 5: PLC controller 7 controls the first electric cylinder 272 to retract and move upward, driving the alignment drive wheel 274 to disengage from the top surface of the bin plate, releasing the vertical clamping limit of the bin plate. Then, PLC controller 7 starts the third motor 286. The third motor 286 drives the feed drive wheel 284 to rotate through the transmission of the second gearbox 285. Relying on the anti-slip texture of the wheel body, it drives the bin plates on both sides to move axially inward until the mating end faces of the two bin plates are completely fitted and assembled. Step 6: After the two silo plates are assembled and bonded together, the PLC controller 7 shuts down the third motor 286. The third motor 286 is also a brake motor to achieve power-off self-locking. The drive wheel 284 is locked and fixed, and the silo plates after being spliced ​​are clamped and limited laterally, so that the butt weld of the two silo plates is in the center position of the welding mechanism 3, which meets the requirements of the welding station. Step 7: PLC controller 7 controls the second electric cylinder 282 to retract and reset, driving the feed drive wheel 284 to disengage from the side end face of the silo plate, releasing the lateral clamping limit of the silo plate, and then controls the first electric cylinder 272 to extend and move downward again, driving the alignment drive wheel 274 to press and adhere to the top surface of the spliced ​​silo plate again, completing the composite positioning of the silo plate before welding. Step 8: PLC controller 7 starts the fifth motor 344. The fifth motor 344, in conjunction with the third gearbox 343, drives the lead screw 342 to rotate. The lead screw 342 drives the movable block 345 to make linear displacement. The movable block 345, in conjunction with the top slider 322, slides along the guide rail 321. The top slider 322 drives the synchronous connecting plate 324 through the connecting shaft 323. The synchronous connecting plate 324 synchronously drives the bottom slider 322 to move in the same direction, realizing the synchronous displacement of the two sets of sliders 322. This drives the two sets of welding components 325 to move synchronously along the weld seam. If the current processing target is an axial straight weld seam, the laser welding head 3254 starts and moves linearly along the joint at a uniform speed to perform welding. If the processing target is a circumferential arc weld seam, the slider 322 only drives the welding component 325 to move to the starting point and then locks and stops. Step Nine: During the circumferential arc weld, while the welding assembly 325 is moving, the PLC controller 7 controls the extension and retraction of the third electric cylinder 3251 to change the relative distance between the laser welding head 3254 and the weld seam of the silo plate. Simultaneously, it controls the operation of the fourth motor 3253, driving the angle adjustment seat 3252 to rotate and adjust the welding angle of the laser welding head 3254 to adapt to welding silo plates of different arc sizes. The synchronous drive module also controls the rotation speed of the first motor 276. After the first motor 276 is released from its self-locking mechanism at low speed, it drives the alignment drive wheel 274 to rotate at a uniform speed, linking the silo plate within the support groove 23. The part rotates slowly, cooperating with the welding assembly 325 to complete the full-area welding of the arc-shaped weld. Whether to start the first motor 276 to drive the positioning drive wheel 274 to rotate can be flexibly selected according to the actual application requirements. For small arc-shaped silos, the first motor 276 can be not started, and the lead screw 342 can be used to drive it to cover. For large arc-shaped silos, if the lead screw 342 cannot drive the movement to cover the welding, the first motor 276 can be started for adjustment. After welding is completed, the third motor 286 is started to run in the same direction to discharge the welded silo from the equipment. Then, steps one to nine are repeated.

[0031] The entire machine operation is controlled and operated by the PLC controller 7 inside the chassis 6 above the base 5. An angle sensor is installed on the outside of the angle adjustment seat 3252 to collect and transmit the rotation angle of the laser welding head 3254 in real time. Stroke sensors are installed on the cylinder bodies of the first electric cylinder 272, the second electric cylinder 282, and the third electric cylinder 3251 to detect the extension and retraction stroke of the three sets of electric cylinders. Pressure sensors are installed at the bottom of the positioning seat 273 and the end face of the feed seat 283 to detect the pressure applied between the wheel and the chamber plate. The PLC controller 7 relies on the feedback data from various sensors... According to the system, the start / stop, speed, angle, and self-locking / unlocking status of all motors are controlled in a closed loop to manage the entire machine's operation process. Specifically, when the difference in distance between the two sides of the plate measured by the laser displacement sensor is less than the system's preset alignment tolerance threshold (e.g., 0.5mm), the PLC controller 7 determines that the mating ends are aligned and then issues a command to shut down the first motor 276. When the pressure sensor measures that the pressure applied between the drive wheel and the plate reaches the set clamping threshold, the motor self-locking is triggered, thereby achieving closed-loop management of the entire machine's operation process.

[0032] This technical solution separates the circumferential alignment and axial assembly of the bin plates into two completely independent processes. These two processes operate independently without linkage. Utilizing the self-locking characteristic of the dual-brake motors, step-by-step clamping, unlocking, and limiting are achieved, avoiding bin plate displacement deviations caused by simultaneous alignment adjustment and axial feeding. Two vertically arranged sets of drive wheels allow for independent control of bin plate angular rotation and axial translation, adapting to the placement characteristics of curved bin plates lacking independent stability. The screw 342, in conjunction with the synchronous connecting plate 324, enables the synchronous movement of the upper and lower welding components 325, and is further enhanced by a third electric cylinder 32. The 51 displacement adjustment and the fourth motor 3253 angle adjustment can adapt to the welding operations of silo plates with different arc specifications. During the welding stage, the alignment drive wheel 274 can be reused to drive the silo plate to rotate with the welding, which is suitable for continuous welding operations of arc-shaped circumferential welds. Relying on multiple sets of sensors and PLC controller 7, the entire process of electronic control is automatically operated. It accurately determines the electric cylinder stroke, wheel clamping and contact force, and welding head angle parameters. There is no need for manual adjustment of the silo plate angle and splicing spacing throughout the process. The entire process relies on the electronic control components to automatically switch the clamping, unlocking, and driving states, reducing the manual intervention steps for arc-shaped silo plate splicing welding.

[0033] This technical solution detects whether the bin plates are aligned. Specifically, it can use laser displacement sensors, line laser contour sensors, or contact displacement sensors. Two sets of laser displacement sensors are set up on both sides of the docking bin plates to collect the distance values ​​between the plate surfaces. The line laser contour sensor is horizontally erected across the docking seam of the bin plates to scan the overall contour. The contact displacement sensor is pushed by a cylinder to push the probe against the surfaces of the two bin plates to compare the displacement data. This can achieve the function of synchronously identifying the left and right offset and height misalignment of the bin plates and accurately determining the alignment status of the bin plates.

Claims

1. An automatic welding device for splicing and welding prefabricated grain silo panels, characterized in that, Includes a base frame (1), on both sides of the top of the base frame (1) are fixedly installed with assembly and alignment mechanisms (2), and on the top of the base frame (1) are fixedly installed with welding mechanisms (3) inside the two assembly and alignment mechanisms (2). The assembly and alignment mechanism (2) includes a bracket (21), which is fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the base frame (1). A support seat (22) is fixedly installed on the top of the bracket (21). A support groove (23) is opened on the inner side of the support seat (22). Ball bearings (24) are rotatably connected at equal intervals on the inner side of the support groove (23). A support frame (25) is fixedly installed on the rear side of the bracket (21). A mounting seat (26) is fixedly installed on the front end of the top of the support frame (25). An alignment adjustment module (27) is fixedly installed on the middle front side of the mounting seat (26). An alignment feeding module (28) is fixedly installed on the inner front side of the mounting seat (26). The welding mechanism (3) is located in the middle inner side of the support frame (25).

2. The automatic welding device for splicing and welding prefabricated grain silo panels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base frame (1) is fixedly installed with a support base frame (4), the overall side of the support groove (23) is V-shaped, and the inner side of the support groove (23) is placed with a silo plate to be welded.

3. The automatic welding device for splicing and welding prefabricated grain silo panels according to claim 2, characterized in that, The alignment adjustment module (27) includes a top seat (271), which is fixedly installed on the front middle of the mounting base (26). A first electric cylinder (272) is fixedly installed on the top of the top seat (271). An alignment seat (273) is fixedly installed through the bottom output end of the first electric cylinder (272) through the top seat (271). An alignment drive wheel (274) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the alignment seat (273). A first gearbox (275) is fixedly installed on one side of the alignment seat (273). A first motor (276) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the first gearbox (275). The output end of the first motor (276) drives the alignment drive wheel (274) to rotate through the first gearbox (275).

4. The automatic welding device for splicing and welding prefabricated grain silo panels according to claim 3, characterized in that, The alignment feed module (28) includes a side seat (281), which is fixedly installed on the inner front end of the mounting base (26). A second electric cylinder (282) is fixedly installed on the top of the side seat (281), and a feed seat (283) is fixedly installed at the output end of the second electric cylinder (282). A feed drive wheel (284) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the feed seat (283). The feed drive wheel (284) and the alignment drive wheel (274) are arranged perpendicularly. A second gearbox (285) is fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the feed seat (283), and a third motor (286) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the second gearbox (285). The third motor (286) drives the feed drive wheel (284) to rotate through the second gearbox (285). Anti-slip textures are evenly spaced on the outer surfaces of the feed drive wheel (284) and the alignment drive wheel (274).

5. The automatic welding device for splicing and welding prefabricated grain silo panels according to claim 4, characterized in that, A base (5) is fixedly installed on one side of the top front end of the base frame (1), a chassis (6) is fixedly installed on the top of the base (5), and a PLC controller (7) is fixedly installed in the middle of the front side of the chassis (6).

6. The automatic welding device for splicing and welding prefabricated grain silo panels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The welding mechanism (3) includes a crossbeam (31) and two welding modules (32). The crossbeam (31) is fixedly installed between the top inner sides of the support frame (25). The two welding modules (32) are arranged symmetrically between the inner sides of the base frame (1). A connecting rod (33) is fixedly installed on the rear side of the two welding modules (32). The welding module (32) located at the top is fixedly installed between the inner sides of the crossbeam (31). A drive module (34) is fixedly installed on one side of the welding module (32) located at the top. The moving end of the drive module (34) is connected to the welding module (32) located at the top.

7. The automatic welding device for splicing and welding prefabricated grain silo panels according to claim 6, characterized in that, The welding module (32) includes a guide rail (321), which is respectively set at the lower end and upper end of the inner side of the base frame (1). The top guide rail (321) is fixedly installed between the inner sides of the crossbeam (31). The connecting rod (33) is fixedly connected between the rear sides of the two guide rails (321). The guide rail (321) is slidably connected to a slider (322). The rear side of the slider (322) is fixedly installed with a connecting shaft (323). The rear end of the connecting shaft (323) passes through the guide rail (321) and is fixedly installed with a synchronous connecting plate (324). The top slider (322) is connected to the moving end of the drive module (34). The slider (322) is provided with welding components (325). The two welding components (325) are arranged symmetrically up and down.

8. The automatic welding device for splicing and welding prefabricated grain silo panels according to claim 7, characterized in that, The welding assembly (325) includes a third electric cylinder (3251), which is fixedly installed on the side of the slider (322) that is far apart from each other. The inner output end of the third electric cylinder (3251) passes through the slider (322) and is fixedly installed with an angle adjustment seat (3252). The outer side of the angle adjustment seat (3252) is fixedly installed with a fourth motor (3253). The output end of the fourth motor (3253) passes through the angle adjustment seat (3252) and is fixedly installed with a laser welding head (3254).

9. The automatic welding device for splicing and welding prefabricated grain silo panels according to claim 8, characterized in that, The drive module (34) includes a side rail (341), which is fixedly installed on one side of the top guide rail (321) among two guide rails (321). A lead screw (342) is rotatably connected inside the side rail (341). A bellows cover is provided on the top of the side rail (341) for dust protection. A third gearbox (343) is fixedly installed at one end of the side rail (341). A fifth motor (344) is fixedly installed on the outside of the third gearbox (343). The output end of the fifth motor (344) drives the lead screw (342) to rotate through the third gearbox (343). A movable block (345) is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the lead screw (342). A connecting top frame (346) is fixedly installed on the top of the movable block (345). The outer side of the connecting top frame (346) is fixedly connected to the slider (322) located at the top.

10. An automatic welding method for splicing silo panels of a prefabricated grain silo, employing the automatic welding device for splicing silo panels of a prefabricated grain silo as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the two silo plates to be welded into the support grooves (23) of the support seats (22) on both sides of the base frame (1). The inner ball bearings (24) of the support grooves (23) contact the outer wall of the silo plate. The bracket (21) and the support frame (25) support the upper adjustment components. The alignment adjustment module (27) and the alignment feed module (28) remain in the retracted state. The PLC controller (7) inside the chassis (6) retrieves the preset operating parameters. Step 2: The PLC controller (7) drives the first electric cylinder (272) to extend, and the alignment seat (273) moves down so that the alignment drive wheel (274) fits against the top arc surface of the bin plate. The first motor (276) drives the alignment drive wheel (274) to rotate through the first gearbox (275). The bin plate rotates in the support groove (23) with the ball (24) until the bin plate mating ends are aligned. Step 3: The PLC controller (7) shuts down the first motor (276), the first motor (276) is de-energized and self-locked, and the positioning drive wheel (274) keeps pressing down on the clamping plate; Step 4: The PLC controller (7) drives the second electric cylinder (282) to extend, and the feed seat (283) moves to make the feed drive wheel (284) fit against the side end face of the bin plate; Step 5: The PLC controller (7) drives the first electric cylinder (272) to retract, the alignment drive wheel (274) disengages from the top surface of the bin plate, the PLC controller (7) starts the third motor (286), the third motor (286) drives the feed drive wheel (284) to rotate through the second gearbox (285), and the two bin plates move axially towards each other until the mating end faces are in contact; Step 6: The PLC controller (7) shuts down the third motor (286), the third motor (286) is de-energized and self-locked, the feed drive wheel (284) laterally clamps the bin plate, and the butt weld of the bin plate is placed in the middle of the welding mechanism (3); Step 7: The PLC controller (7) drives the second electric cylinder (282) to retract, and the feed drive wheel (284) is disengaged from the side end face of the bin plate. The PLC controller (7) then drives the first electric cylinder (272) to extend, and the alignment drive wheel (274) is re-attached to the top surface of the bin plate. Step 8: The PLC controller (7) starts the fifth motor (344). The fifth motor (344) drives the lead screw (342) to rotate via the third gearbox (343). The lead screw (342) drives the movable block (345) to move linearly. The movable block (345) drives the top slider (322) to slide along the guide rail (321). The connecting shaft (323) cooperates with the synchronous connecting plate (324) to drive the bottom slider (322) to move synchronously. The upper and lower sliders (322) drive the two sets of welding components (325) to move synchronously along the weld seam. Step 9: The PLC controller (7) adjusts the extension and retraction of the third electric cylinder (3251), the PLC controller (7) drives the fourth motor (3253) to drive the angle adjustment seat (3252) to rotate, the synchronous drive module controls the first motor (276) to run at low speed, the alignment drive wheel (274) drives the bin plate to rotate, at this time the fifth motor (344) remains locked, the rotating bin plate cooperates with the welding components in a stationary state to complete the arc weld, after the welding is completed, the PLC controller (7) starts the third motor (286) to run and discharge the bin plate, repeating the cycle of steps one to nine.

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