A laser cutting machine of servo air extraction dust removal type

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of servo wind extraction dust removal type laser cutting machine, including bed body, the equal interval of several top arc-shaped structure support plug-in beam is arranged between the inner surface of bed body body transverse two sides along longitudinal direction, several support toothed plates are inserted and installed along the equal interval between the top of support plug-in beam transversely, control device is arranged on the outer surface of bed body body transverse side, mobile crossbeam is slidably connected between the top of bed body body longitudinal two ends along transverse direction, laser cutting head mechanism is slidably connected on the surface of mobile crossbeam transverse side along longitudinal direction.The beneficial effects of the present application are: the present application is synchronized with laser cutting head through air extraction guide component and cooperates with electric air door partition suction, makes negative pressure close to cutting heat source point, smoke dust capture efficiency is high and energy saving, while tilting metal filter screen board makes large block waste material roll back and recycle, fine dust and smoke are inhaled, realize solid-gas separation and prevent pipeline blockage, suitable for use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting machine technology, specifically to a follow-up exhaust dust removal type laser cutting machine. Background Technology

[0002] A laser cutting machine uses a laser emitted from a laser source, which is focused into a high-power-density laser beam through an optical path system. The laser beam irradiates the surface of the workpiece, causing the irradiated workpiece material to melt, vaporize, burn, or reach its ignition point rapidly. At the same time, a high-speed airflow coaxial with the beam blows away the molten material, thereby cutting the workpiece. Laser cutting machines have advantages such as high cutting speed, high cutting precision, good cutting quality, avoidance of tool wear, and safety and pollution-free operation.

[0003] Chinese patent CN221715956U discloses a laser cutting machine. Although it can use a conical support frame to allow the cut chips to fall directly through the gaps between the support frames, preventing the chips from falling onto the worktable and causing subsequent cleaning difficulties, and the first motor output shaft drives the slide plate to vibrate, allowing the cut chips to slide smoothly along the slide plate to the collection trough, making chip collection and cleaning more convenient, the cutting process generates dust and smoke. This not only adversely affects the equipment and reduces its service life, but also causes operators to breathe polluted air for extended periods, affecting their health. Further development and improvement are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a follow-up exhaust dust removal laser cutting machine to solve the problem that dust and smoke generated during the cutting process of existing laser cutting machines not only reduce the service life of the equipment, but also affect the health of the operators.

[0005] This invention achieves the above-mentioned objective through the following technical solution: A follow-up exhaust dust removal type laser cutting machine includes a bed body. A plurality of support beams with arc-shaped tops are equidistantly arranged longitudinally between the inner surfaces of the two transverse sides of the bed body. A plurality of support toothed plates are equidistantly inserted between the tops of the support beams. A control device is provided on the outer surface of one transverse side of the bed body. A movable crossbeam is slidably connected transversely between the two longitudinal ends of the top of the bed body. A laser cutting head mechanism is slidably connected longitudinally to one transverse side surface of the movable crossbeam. An industrial vacuum cleaner is installed on the surface, and a centrifugal duct blower is installed on one side of the industrial vacuum cleaner. Sliding support mounting plates with sloping tops are symmetrically arranged on the inner surfaces of the longitudinal sides of the bed body below the supporting plug beam. A suction and material guiding assembly is slidably connected between the bottom of the sliding support mounting plates along the transverse direction. Several waste recycling trolleys are placed at equal intervals along the transverse direction below the suction and material guiding assembly. Linear transmission mechanisms are provided between the moving crossbeam and the bed body, between the laser cutting head mechanism and the moving crossbeam, and between the suction and material guiding assembly and the bed body.

[0006] Furthermore, the exhaust and material guiding assembly includes an inclined smoke and dust suction box. A first air box is fixedly installed at the bottom of the smoke and dust suction box. An L-shaped sliding support connecting plate is provided between the outer surfaces of the smoke and dust suction box and the first air box on one longitudinal side, and a U-shaped sliding support connecting plate is provided between their outer surfaces on the other side. The tops of the L-shaped and U-shaped sliding support connecting plates are slidably connected laterally to the bottoms of the sliding support mounting plates at both ends of the bed body. A linear transmission mechanism is provided between the longitudinal side of the U-shaped sliding support connecting plate and the inner surface of the longitudinal side of the bed body. The smoke and dust suction box has several smoke and dust suction chambers distributed longitudinally. The inclined surface of the top of the smoke and dust suction box corresponding to the position of the smoke and dust suction chamber is an open structure, and a metal filter screen is inserted therein. All the smoke and dust suction chambers are connected to the first air box. The smoke extraction chamber and the first air box are connected. An electric damper is provided at the connection point. A rotating shaft is located on the side of the smoke extraction chamber near the higher end of the inclined structure. Several fixed mounting plates are equidistantly arranged longitudinally on the outer surface of the lower end side. Several rotating bearing seats are equidistantly installed on the rotating shaft. One side of each rotating bearing seat is connected to the smoke extraction chamber. Support connecting blocks are equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the metal filter plate near the bottom of the rotating shaft. A second air box is located at the top. One end of each support connecting block is connected to the outer circumference of the rotating shaft. An air distribution plate is provided inside the second air box. Several air outlets are equidistantly opened from top to bottom on the side of the second air box near the fixed mounting plate. A vibration motor is located at the bottom of the fixed mounting plate. A vibration impact plate is installed above the fixed mounting plate at the top output end of the vibration motor.

[0007] Furthermore, the linear transmission mechanism is a transmission structure in which a drive motor is equipped with a transmission gear that meshes with a transmission rack.

[0008] Furthermore, a sealing gasket is provided at the bottom of the metal filter plate where it contacts the flue gas suction box, and the center lines of the hollow holes on the metal filter plate are all vertically upward when the bottom of the metal filter plate contacts the flue gas suction box.

[0009] Furthermore, the suction end of the industrial vacuum cleaner is connected to the inside of the first air box through an air duct, and the exhaust end of the industrial vacuum cleaner is equipped with a HEPA high-efficiency filter, a silencer and an exhaust duct in series, with one end of the exhaust duct extending to the outside.

[0010] Furthermore, the air supply end of the centrifugal duct blower is connected to the interior of the second air box through an air duct, and the air distribution plate is provided between the connection point and the air outlet.

[0011] Furthermore, the top of the vibration impact plate is equipped with an impact head made of wear-resistant rubber. When the bottom of the metal filter plate contacts the flue gas extraction box, the top end face of the impact head contacts the bottom surface of the metal filter plate. An electromagnet is recessed in the center of the top end face of the impact head. The adsorption working surface of the electromagnet is 0.3mm-1.5mm lower than the top impact surface of the impact head, so that the top impact surface of the impact head forms a continuous elastic buffer ring around the electromagnet.

[0012] Furthermore, the laser cutting head mechanism, the industrial vacuum cleaner, the centrifugal duct blower, the drive motor in the linear transmission mechanism, the electric damper, the vibration motor, and the electromagnet are all electrically connected to the control device.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention uses a linear transmission mechanism to drive the exhaust and material guiding assembly to move synchronously laterally with the laser cutting head mechanism, ensuring that the negative pressure suction zone is always close to the cutting heat source. This guarantees a high concentration of negative pressure, significantly improving the dust and smoke collection efficiency and effectively preventing the spread of dust inside the equipment and in the workshop space. At the same time, by setting multiple independently distributed dust suction chambers along the longitudinal direction in the dust suction box, and cooperating with the zonal control of the electric damper, only the suction chamber corresponding to the current processing longitudinal area of ​​the laser cutting head is opened for exhaust. This avoids energy waste caused by exhausting the entire area and further improves the suction negative pressure intensity of the effective working area, ensuring that the dust generated during cutting can be removed immediately and completely. 2. This invention uses an inclined dust extraction box with a metal filter screen inserted into its top surface to form a solid-gas separation and flow guiding structure. Larger pieces of waste generated during cutting roll down the top of the inclined metal filter screen under gravity to the waste collection cart, while fine dust and smoke are sucked into the dust extraction chamber below through the perforated holes of the screen. This solves the problem of pipe blockage and fan damage caused by the direct suction of large pieces of waste and slag into the air duct in traditional dust extraction structures. At the same time, it realizes the independent recycling of solid waste and dust, which facilitates the subsequent classification and reuse of waste. 3. When dust accumulates on the surface of the metal filter mesh after prolonged use, the centrifugal duct blower can be activated. The airflow is evenly distributed to each air outlet through the second air box and the air distribution plate, blowing towards the surface of the metal filter mesh. At the same time, the vibration motor drives the impact head to strike the metal filter mesh, blowing up the attached dust, which is then re-inhaled by the negative pressure airflow, achieving non-contact cleaning. When small pieces of waste are stuck in the mesh, the vibration motor can also drive the vibration impact plate at the top, causing the impact head to strike the bottom of the metal filter mesh. The rotation limit of the rotating shaft causes the mesh to vibrate at high frequency, forcibly shaking off the stuck waste. 4. In this invention, the impact head is made of wear-resistant rubber to form an elastic buffer layer, which avoids rigid impact with the metal filter plate, reduces noise and protects the components. At the same time, the electromagnet embedded in the center of the impact surface has its working surface slightly lower than the impact surface. When energized, it can firmly attract the metal filter plate to ensure the dust removal effect during the cutting process. When the power is off, the attraction force disappears, so that the impact head can rotate along the rotation axis during the impact of the metal mesh plate, so that the dust attached to the surface of the metal filter mesh plate can be removed and the waste stuck in the hollow holes can be removed. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the exhaust material guiding component in this invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the exhaust material guiding component in this invention from another perspective; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of section A in the middle; Figure 7 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of section B; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the second wind box in this invention.

[0015] In the figure: 1-Bed body, 2-Supporting plug beam, 3-Supporting toothed plate, 4-Control device, 5-Moving crossbeam, 6-Laser cutting head mechanism, 7-Industrial vacuum cleaner, 8-Centrifugal duct blower, 9-Sliding support mounting plate, 10-Exhaust and material guiding assembly, 11-Waste recycling trolley, 12-Linear transmission mechanism; 1001-Smoke and Dust Suction Box, 1002-First Air Box, 1003-L-shaped Sliding Support Connecting Plate, 1004-U-shaped Sliding Support Connecting Plate, 1005-Smoke and Dust Suction Chamber, 1006-Metal Filter Mesh Plate, 1007-Electric Air Door, 1008-Rotating Shaft, 1009-Fixed Mounting Plate, 1010-Rotating Bearing Seat, 1011-Support Connecting Block, 1012-Second Air Box, 1013-Air Distribution Plate, 1014-Air Outlet, 1015-Vibration Motor, 1016-Vibration Impact Plate, 1017-Impact Head, 1018-Electromagnet. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0018] Combination Figures 1 to 3The laser cutting machine shown includes a bed body 1. Several support beams 2 with arc-shaped tops are equidistantly arranged longitudinally between the inner surfaces of the two sides of the bed body 1. Several support toothed plates 3 are equidistantly inserted between the tops of the support beams 2. A control device 4 is provided on the outer surface of one side of the bed body 1. A movable crossbeam 5 is slidably connected transversely between the two ends of the top longitudinal direction of the bed body 1. A laser cutting head mechanism 6 is slidably connected longitudinally to one side of the movable crossbeam 5. An industrial suction device is provided on the outer surface of one side of the bed body 1. The dust collector 7, an industrial vacuum cleaner 7, is equipped with a centrifugal duct blower 8 on one side. The inner surfaces of the bed body 1 below the supporting insertion beam 2 are symmetrically equipped with sliding support mounting plates 9 with sloping tops. The bottom of the sliding support mounting plates 9 are slidably connected to the exhaust material guide assembly 10 along the horizontal direction. Several waste recycling trolleys 11 are placed at equal intervals along the horizontal direction below the exhaust material guide assembly 10. Linear transmission mechanisms 12 are provided between the moving crossbeam 5 and the bed body 1, between the laser cutting head mechanism 6 and the moving crossbeam 5, and between the exhaust material guide assembly 10 and the bed body 1.

[0019] like Figures 4 to 8As shown, the exhaust and material guiding assembly 10 includes an inclined smoke and dust suction box 1001. A first air box 1002 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the smoke and dust suction box 1001. An L-shaped sliding support connecting plate 1003 is provided between the outer surfaces of the smoke and dust suction box 1001 and the first air box 1002 on one longitudinal side, and a U-shaped sliding support connecting plate 1004 is provided between the outer surfaces on the other side. The tops of the L-shaped sliding support connecting plate 1003 and the U-shaped sliding support connecting plate 1004 are respectively connected to the sliding support mounting plates at both ends of the bed body 1 in the longitudinal direction. 9. The bottom is slidably connected laterally. A linear transmission mechanism 12 is provided between the longitudinal side of the U-shaped sliding support connecting plate 1004 and the inner surface of the longitudinal side of the bed body 1. The smoke and dust suction box 1001 has several smoke and dust suction chambers 1005 distributed longitudinally. The top inclined surface of the smoke and dust suction box 1001 is open at the position corresponding to the smoke and dust suction chamber 1005, and a metal filter plate 1006 is inserted and installed. All smoke and dust suction chambers 1005 are connected to the first air box 1002. The smoke and dust suction chambers 1005 and the first air box 1002 are connected to the first air box 1002. Electric dampers 1007 are installed at the connection points of the air box 1002. A rotating shaft 1008 is installed on the side of the smoke and dust extraction box 1001, which is closer to the higher end of the inclined structure. Several fixed mounting plates 1009 are installed longitudinally at equal intervals on the outer surface of the lower end. Several rotating bearing seats 1010 are installed at equal intervals on the rotating shaft 1008. One side of the rotating bearing seat 1010 is connected to the smoke and dust extraction box 1001. Support connecting blocks 10 are installed at equal intervals at the bottom of the metal filter plate 1006, which is closer to the rotating shaft 1008. 11. A second air box 1012 is provided at the top. One end of the support connecting block 1011 is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 1008. An air distribution plate 1013 is provided inside the second air box 1012. Several air outlets 1014 are opened at equal intervals from top to bottom on the side of the second air box 1012 that is close to the fixed mounting plate 1009. A vibration motor 1015 is provided at the bottom of the fixed mounting plate 1009. The top output end of the vibration motor 1015 extends to the top of the fixed mounting plate 1009 and a vibration impact plate 1016 is installed.

[0020] The linear transmission mechanism 12 is a transmission structure in which a drive motor is equipped with a transmission gear and a transmission rack, which are used to drive the laser cutting head mechanism 6 to reciprocate in the transverse direction and in the longitudinal direction for cutting, and to drive the exhaust material guide assembly 10 to follow the laser cutting head mechanism 6 in the transverse reciprocating motion to remove the smoke and dust generated at the cutting position. The bottom of the metal filter plate 1006 and the contact part of the smoke and dust suction box 1001 are provided with sealing gaskets, which can completely eliminate the assembly gap at the joint between the two and ensure that the negative pressure intensity in the smoke and dust suction chamber 1005 is stable and controllable. When the bottom of the metal filter plate 1006 contacts the smoke and dust suction box 1001, the center line of the hollow hole on it is set vertically upward, so that the exhaust airflow can act vertically upward directly below the cutting point to capture the smoke and dust generated during cutting to the maximum extent.

[0021] The suction end of the industrial vacuum cleaner 7 is connected to the interior of the first air box 1002 via a duct, providing a stable and powerful negative pressure power source for the entire dust extraction system. The exhaust end of the industrial vacuum cleaner 7 is equipped with a HEPA high-efficiency filter, a silencer, and an exhaust duct connected in series. One end of the exhaust duct extends outdoors to perform high-efficiency filtration of the dust-laden airflow after suction, removing fine dust particles and ensuring that the final exhaust air meets environmental protection requirements, avoiding secondary pollution to the atmospheric environment and surrounding personnel. Simultaneously, the silencer effectively reduces aerodynamic noise generated during exhaust, improving the workshop's acoustic environment. The centrifugal ducted blower 8's air supply end is connected to the interior of the second air box 1012 via a duct. The components are connected, and a distribution plate 1013 is provided between the connection point and the air outlet 1014. The positive pressure airflow provided by the centrifugal duct blower 8 enters the second air box 1012 and is rectified and distributed by the distribution plate 1013. This can eliminate the problem of uneven airflow caused by abrupt changes in the cross-section of the air duct and differences in the flow process, so that each air outlet 1014 can obtain airflow output with basically the same flow rate and wind speed. In addition, the drive motor, electric damper 1007, vibration motor 1015 and electromagnet 1018 in the laser cutting head mechanism 6, industrial vacuum cleaner 7, centrifugal duct blower 8, linear transmission mechanism 12 are all electrically connected to the control device 4 in order to control the working status of each drive component.

[0022] A cylindrical impact head 1017 made of wear-resistant rubber is installed on the top of the vibrating impact plate 1016. When the bottom of the metal filter plate 1006 contacts the smoke and dust suction box 1001, the top end face of the impact head 1017 contacts the bottom surface of the metal filter plate 1006. This provides excellent elastic cushioning when the vibration motor 1015 drives it to impact the metal filter plate 1006, avoiding rigid impact between metal parts, effectively reducing mechanical noise generated during vibration, and significantly reducing wear on the impact head and the filter plate, extending the service life of core components. An electromagnet 1018 is recessed in the center of the top end face of the impact head 1017. The adsorption working surface of the electromagnet 1018 is 0.3mm-1.5mm lower than the top impact surface of the impact head, so that the impact... The top impact surface of the impact head forms a continuous elastic buffer ring around the electromagnet 1018. During the cutting operation, the electromagnet 1018 is energized and uses this tiny gap to attract and fix the metal filter plate 1006, maintaining its sealed fit with the dust extraction box 1001 to ensure the dust extraction effect. When it is necessary to clean the dust or shake off the waste, the electromagnet 1018 is de-energized, the attraction force disappears, and the metal filter plate 1006 can be impacted by the impact head 1017 and generate rotational vibration under the limiting of the rotating shaft. At this time, the continuous elastic buffer ring formed around the electromagnet 1018 acts as a flexible first contact layer at the moment of impact, which not only protects the pole surface of the electromagnet 1018 from direct impact, but also ensures that the impact kinetic energy is effectively transferred to the metal filter plate 1006, shaking off the attached dust and stuck waste.

[0023] Working principle: During the cutting operation, the material to be processed is placed on the worktable consisting of a support insertion beam and a support toothed plate. The control device controls the moving crossbeam to move laterally along the bed body and drives the laser cutting head mechanism to move longitudinally along the moving crossbeam, so as to realize the cutting processing of the material on the worktable along different trajectories. During this process, the control device controls the exhaust and material guiding assembly to move synchronously laterally along the sliding support mounting plate through its linear transmission mechanism, based on the lateral position of the laser cutting head mechanism. This ensures that the dust extraction box is always directly below the cutting heat source. Simultaneously, based on the current longitudinal processing area of ​​the laser cutting head mechanism, the control device only opens the electric damper at the bottom of the dust extraction chamber corresponding to that area, while keeping the electric dampers of the other chambers closed. The industrial vacuum cleaner continues to operate, applying concentrated negative pressure only to the opened dust extraction chambers through the first air box. The negative pressure airflow acts directly below the cutting area through the vertically upward perforated holes on the metal filter screen, efficiently drawing the fine dust and smoke generated during cutting into the corresponding dust extraction chamber. The air then enters the industrial vacuum cleaner through the first air box and air duct, and subsequently passes through a HEPA high-efficiency filter for fine filtration and a silencer for noise reduction. The clean air is then discharged outdoors through the exhaust duct. The waste generated from cutting rolls down the upper surface of the inclined metal filter plate under the action of gravity. After passing the lower edge of the metal filter plate, it falls into the waste collection trolley below, realizing the automatic separation of solid waste and dust-laden airflow, and preventing large pieces of waste from entering the exhaust channel and causing blockage. When prolonged cutting causes blockage of the metal filter mesh or a large amount of dust and fine waste to adhere to its surface, the equipment can activate the cleaning and maintenance mode. At this time, all electric dampers open, the industrial vacuum cleaner continues to operate to maintain a negative pressure environment within the smoke extraction chamber, the centrifugal duct blower starts, and the output positive pressure airflow is evenly distributed by the air distribution plate inside the second air box before being blown onto the upper surface of the metal filter mesh from multiple outlets. Simultaneously, the electromagnet is de-energized and loses its adsorption force, the vibration motor starts, and drives the vibrating impact plate to repeatedly impact the lower bottom side of the metal filter mesh with its top impact head. One end of the plate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft via a support connecting block. Under the impact force, the metal filter plate generates a small rotational vibration around the rotating shaft. Under the dual action of the blowing airflow and mechanical vibration, the waste material attached to the upper surface of the metal filter plate and stuck in the hollow holes is forcibly peeled off and lifted. The dust is re-inhaled into the dust extraction chamber by the negative pressure airflow below, and the waste material slides into the waste collection trolley on the side. After cleaning, the vibration motor is turned off, the electromagnet is re-energized to generate an adsorption force, which firmly attracts the metal filter plate to the top surface of the dust extraction box, restoring the sealed state. The equipment can then continue to be put into normal cutting operations.

[0024] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0025] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A follow-up exhaust dust removal type laser cutting machine, comprising a bed body (1), wherein a plurality of support insertion beams (2) with arc-shaped tops are equidistantly arranged between the inner surfaces of the two transverse sides of the bed body (1) along the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of support toothed plates (3) are equidistantly inserted between the tops of the support insertion beams (2) along the transverse direction, a control device (4) is provided on the outer surface of one transverse side of the bed body (1), and a movable crossbeam (5) is slidably connected between the two ends of the top longitudinal direction of the bed body (1) along the transverse direction, and a laser cutting head mechanism (6) is slidably connected to one transverse side surface of the movable crossbeam (5) along the longitudinal direction, characterized in that: An industrial vacuum cleaner (7) is provided on the outer surface of the horizontal side of the bed body (1). A centrifugal duct blower (8) is provided on one side of the industrial vacuum cleaner (7). Sliding support mounting plates (9) with a sloping top are symmetrically provided on the inner surfaces of the longitudinal sides of the bed body (1) below the support plug beam (2). A suction and material guiding assembly (10) is slidably connected between the bottom of the sliding support mounting plates (9) in the horizontal direction. Several waste recycling trolleys (11) are placed equidistantly in the horizontal direction below the suction and material guiding assembly (10). A linear transmission mechanism (12) is provided between the moving crossbeam (5) and the bed body (1), between the laser cutting head mechanism (6) and the moving crossbeam (5), and between the suction and material guiding assembly (10) and the bed body (1).

2. The laser cutting machine with follow-up exhaust dust removal as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust and material guiding assembly (10) includes an inclined dust extraction box (1001), a first air box (1002) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the dust extraction box (1001), an L-shaped sliding support connecting plate (1003) is provided between the outer surfaces of the dust extraction box (1001) and the first air box (1002) on one longitudinal side, and a U-shaped sliding support connecting plate (1004) is provided between the outer surfaces on the other side. The tops of the L-shaped sliding support connecting plate (1003) and the U-shaped sliding support connecting plate (1004) are respectively connected to the bottoms of the sliding support mounting plates (9) at both longitudinal ends of the bed body (1). The parts are slidably connected in the transverse direction. A linear transmission mechanism (12) is provided between the longitudinal side of the U-shaped sliding support connecting plate (1004) and the inner surface of the longitudinal side of the bed body (1). The smoke and dust suction box (1001) has several smoke and dust suction chambers (1005) distributed in the longitudinal direction. The top inclined surface of the smoke and dust suction box (1001) is an open structure corresponding to the position of the smoke and dust suction chamber (1005), and a metal filter plate (1006) is inserted and installed. The smoke and dust suction chambers (1005) are all connected to the first air box (1002). The smoke and dust suction chambers (1005) and the first air box (1002) are connected to the first air box (1002). An electric damper (1007) is provided at each connection point of the air box (1002). A rotating shaft (1008) is provided on the side of the smoke and dust suction box (1001) that is laterally close to the higher end of the inclined structure. Several fixed mounting plates (1009) are provided at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction on the outer surface of the side of the lower end. Several rotating bearing seats (1010) are installed at equal intervals on the rotating shaft (1008). One side of the rotating bearing seat (1010) is connected to the smoke and dust suction box (1001). Support connecting blocks (1011) are provided at equal intervals at the bottom of the metal filter plate (1006) that is laterally close to the rotating shaft (1008). A second air box (1012) is provided at the top. One end of the support connecting block (1011) is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (1008). A wind distribution plate (1013) is provided inside the second air box (1012). Several air outlets (1014) are equally spaced from top to bottom on the side of the second air box (1012) close to the fixed mounting plate (1009). A vibration motor (1015) is provided at the bottom of the fixed mounting plate (1009). The top output end of the vibration motor (1015) extends to the top of the fixed mounting plate (1009) and a vibration impact plate (1016) is installed.

3. The laser cutting machine with follow-up exhaust dust removal as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The linear transmission mechanism (12) is a transmission structure in which a drive motor is equipped with a transmission gear and a transmission rack that mesh.

4. A follow-up exhaust dust removal type laser cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the metal filter plate (1006) and the contact area with the smoke and dust suction box (1001) are both provided with sealing gaskets. When the bottom of the metal filter plate (1006) is in contact with the smoke and dust suction box (1001), the center lines of the hollow holes on it are all set vertically upward.

5. A follow-up exhaust dust removal type laser cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The suction end of the industrial vacuum cleaner (7) is connected to the inside of the first air box (1002) through an air duct. The exhaust end of the industrial vacuum cleaner (7) is equipped with a HEPA high-efficiency filter, a silencer and an exhaust duct in series. One end of the exhaust duct extends to the outside.

6. A follow-up exhaust dust removal type laser cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air supply end of the centrifugal duct blower (8) is connected to the interior of the second air box (1012) through the air duct, and the air distribution plate (1013) is provided between the connection point and the air outlet (1014).

7. A follow-up exhaust dust removal type laser cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the vibration impact plate (1016) is equipped with an impact head (1017) made of wear-resistant rubber. When the bottom of the metal filter plate (1006) is in contact with the smoke and dust suction box (1001), the top end face of the impact head (1017) is in contact with the bottom surface of the metal filter plate (1006). An electromagnet (1018) is recessed in the center of the top end face of the impact head (1017). The adsorption working surface of the electromagnet (1018) is 0.3mm-1.5mm lower than the top impact surface of the impact head, so that the top impact surface of the impact head forms a continuous elastic buffer ring around the electromagnet (1018).

8. A follow-up exhaust dust removal type laser cutting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser cutting head mechanism (6), the industrial vacuum cleaner (7), the centrifugal duct blower (8), the drive motor in the linear transmission mechanism (12), the electric damper (1007), the vibration motor (1015), and the electromagnet (1018) are all electrically connected to the control device (4).

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