Aluminum alloy material laser cutting machine for automobile

Abstract

The application discloses an aluminum alloy material laser cutting machine for automobiles, which comprises a laser cutting structure, a clamping device and a self-adaptive auxiliary device; the laser cutting structure is installed below a lifting appliance for clamping an aluminum alloy round pipe and is used for laser cutting of the aluminum alloy round pipe; the clamping device is two groups and is symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the laser cutting structure; the self-adaptive auxiliary device is arranged at the bottom input end of the two groups of clamping devices, the self-adaptive auxiliary device can drive the two groups of clamping devices to clamp and fix the two ends of the aluminum alloy round pipe, and the self-adaptive auxiliary device can be linked with the two groups of clamping devices; the aluminum alloy round pipe of different specifications can be fixed and self-adaptively lifted, and the machining efficiency, workpiece quality and machining precision of the laser cutting of the aluminum alloy round pipe are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology for aluminum alloy round tubes for automobiles, specifically to a laser cutting machine for aluminum alloy materials for automobiles. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, existing laser cutting equipment for aluminum alloy round tubes used in automobiles still has significant shortcomings in actual production; the equipment is not adaptable to workpieces of different specifications. When changing to aluminum alloy round tubes of different diameters, it is necessary to measure the tube diameter separately and calibrate the lifting height at the cutting point. The changeover preparation process is cumbersome and cannot effectively adapt to the batch and multi-variety production mode of the automotive manufacturing industry. Furthermore, the processing quality is difficult to guarantee. Most equipment uses rigid clamping and rigid lifting structures, which can easily cause scratches, indentations and plastic deformation on the surface of aluminum alloy round tubes. Moreover, the cutting point lacks dynamic support, and the workpiece is prone to drooping, deformation or shaking at the cutting end due to its own weight, resulting in poor flatness of the cutting surface, requiring additional grinding and other secondary processing. Furthermore, the operation accuracy and stability are insufficient, the poor synchronization of the clamping mechanism easily leads to uneven clamping force at both ends, the low positioning accuracy of the lifting mechanism makes the workpiece prone to displacement during the cutting process, which greatly affects the cutting accuracy and batch processing consistency of aluminum alloy round tubes, making it difficult to meet the high-precision processing requirements of the automotive industry for parts. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser cutting machine for aluminum alloy materials used in automobiles, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a laser cutting machine for automotive aluminum alloy materials, comprising: a laser cutting structure, a clamping device, and an adaptive auxiliary device; the laser cutting structure is installed below a hanger that clamps an aluminum alloy round tube, and the laser cutting structure is used to laser cut the aluminum alloy round tube; the clamping device consists of two sets, symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the laser cutting structure; the adaptive auxiliary device is located at the bottom input end of the two sets of clamping devices, and the adaptive auxiliary device can drive the two sets of clamping devices to clamp and fix both ends of the aluminum alloy round tube; the adaptive auxiliary device can work in conjunction with the two sets of clamping devices, and during the process of clamping and fixing the aluminum alloy round tube, it can synchronously move and support the bottom of the laser-cut part of the aluminum alloy round tube according to the change of clamping aluminum alloy round tubes of different diameters.

[0005] Preferably, the clamping device includes: a limiting component, a synchronization component, and a buffer clamping component; the limiting component is disposed on the top surface of the laser-cut structure; the synchronization component is movably embedded in the limiting component; the buffer clamping component is disposed on the two moving ends of the synchronization component, and the buffer clamping component can clamp and fix the aluminum alloy round tube through the synchronization component. By combining the limiting component, the synchronization component, and the buffer clamping component, the aluminum alloy round tube can be flexibly clamped and fixed.

[0006] Preferably, the adaptive auxiliary device includes: a driving component, an adjusting component, and a lifting component; the driving component is disposed at the bottom of the two sets of synchronous components within the two sets of clamping devices, and the driving component can drive the two sets of synchronous components to simultaneously clamp and fix the two ends of the aluminum alloy round tube; the adjusting component is disposed at the input end of the driving component; the lifting component is disposed at the moving output end of the adjusting component, and the adjusting component can drive the lifting component to adjust and move to the bottom of the laser-cut section of the aluminum alloy round tube; when the two sets of buffer clamping components clamp the two ends of aluminum alloy round tubes of different diameters, the clamping movement displacement of the buffer clamping components can be synchronously transmitted to the adjusting component through the driving component, thereby driving the lifting component to adaptively move according to a displacement proportional to the clamping movement displacement of the buffer clamping components, thereby driving the lifting component to lift and support the bottom of the laser-cut section of the aluminum alloy round tubes of different diameters. By linking the driving component, the adjusting component, and the lifting component, adaptive lifting and support of the cutting section of aluminum alloy round tubes of different diameters is achieved.

[0007] Preferably, the laser cutting structure includes: a quadrupole, limiting rods, a first high-precision electric push rod, a second high-precision electric push rod, a support plate, an automatic moving stage, and a laser cutting head; the quadrupole supports the top connecting component, and the top surface of the quadrupole has a through rectangular moving slot; there are two limiting rods, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the rectangular moving slot; the first high-precision electric push rod is disposed on the outer wall of the quadrupole; the second high-precision electric push rod is disposed on the moving end of the first high-precision electric push rod; the support plate is disposed on the moving end of the second high-precision electric push rod; the automatic moving stage is disposed on the outer wall of the support plate; the laser cutting head is disposed on the moving end of the automatic moving stage, and the laser cutting head is connected to an external auxiliary system. By cooperating with the quadrupole, electric push rods, moving stage, and cutting head, multi-directional precise movement and cutting of the laser cutting head can be achieved.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting component includes: a supporting inclined plate and a concave limiting seat; there are two supporting inclined plates, which are symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the quadrupole; the concave limiting seat is disposed at the top of the two supporting inclined plates, and two through observation slots are respectively opened on both sides of the outer wall of the concave limiting seat, and two limiting sliding grooves are respectively opened on the top of both sides of the inner wall of the concave limiting seat, and a through limiting rectangular groove is opened on the bottom surface of the concave limiting seat. By cooperating with the supporting inclined plate and the concave limiting seat, a stable limiting installation point is provided for the synchronization component.

[0009] Preferably, the synchronization component includes: a single-sloping surface moving block, a limiting slide bar, a trapezoidal limiting block, and a trapezoidal moving block; there are two single-sloping surface moving blocks, each movably and symmetrically embedded in the top of the concave limiting seat, and each of the two single-sloping surface moving blocks has a trapezoidal limiting groove on its inclined surface; there are four limiting slide bars, each symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer wall of the two single-sloping surface moving blocks, and all four limiting slide bars are movably embedded in the two limiting slide grooves; there are two trapezoidal limiting blocks, each movably and symmetrically embedded in its outer wall. The trapezoidal moving block is embedded in the two trapezoidal limiting grooves; the trapezoidal moving block is disposed between the two trapezoidal limiting blocks; when the trapezoidal moving block is driven to move, the inclined surfaces on both sides of the trapezoidal moving block can cooperate with the inclined surfaces of the two single-inclined moving blocks, and through the limiting cooperation of the two trapezoidal limiting blocks, the two trapezoidal limiting grooves, the four limiting slide rods and the limiting slide rods, the two single-inclined moving blocks can be driven to expand or contract synchronously. Through the cooperation of the single-inclined moving block, the limiting slide rods and the trapezoidal block, the synchronous expansion and contraction adjustment of the clamping end can be realized.

[0010] Preferably, the buffer clamping assembly includes: a movable seat, a first buffer spring, a first limiting block, and an arc-shaped clamping plate; there are two movable seats, symmetrically arranged on the top surfaces of the two single-inclined movable blocks, and two grooves are respectively formed on the opposite surfaces of the two movable seats; there are two first buffer springs, one end of which is symmetrically arranged in one end of the two grooves; there are two first limiting blocks, one end of which is movably and symmetrically arranged in the other end of the two first buffer springs; there are two arc-shaped clamping plates, symmetrically arranged in the other end of the two first limiting blocks. The two single-inclined movable blocks can drive the two arc-shaped clamping plates to fix the aluminum alloy round tube. By forming a clamping assembly with the movable seat, the first buffer spring, the first limiting block, and the arc-shaped clamping plate, flexible buffer clamping of the aluminum alloy round tube to prevent damage is achieved.

[0011] Preferably, the driving assembly includes: a rack, a long gear, and a brake motor; there are two racks, one end of which is symmetrically arranged on the bottom surface of two trapezoidal moving blocks in the two sets of clamping devices, and the other ends of the two racks are movably sleeved in two limiting rectangular slots in the two sets of clamping devices; the long gear is set on the top surface of the quadruped through two first bearing seats, and the two ends of the long gear mesh with the bottom ends of the two racks respectively; the brake motor is set on the outer wall of one of the first bearings, and the output end of the brake motor is connected and fixed to one end of the long gear. The brake motor can drive the long gear to rotate, and drive the two racks to drive the two trapezoidal moving blocks in the two sets of clamping devices to move, thereby driving the four arc-shaped clamping plates to flexibly clamp and fix the two ends of the aluminum alloy round tube through four first buffer springs. By cooperating with the rack, the long gear and the brake motor, stable driving and synchronous linkage of the clamping action are achieved.

[0012] Preferably, the adjusting assembly includes: a flat rack, a ball screw, a flat brake motor, a concave round rod, a hollow round block, and a ball nut; the flat rack is movably embedded in the rectangular moving groove, and two limiting slots are formed on both sides of the outer wall of the flat rack, with one end of two limiting rods respectively embedded in the two limiting slots, and the flat rack can be limited to move along one end of the two limiting rods through the two limiting slots; the ball screw is disposed on the outer wall of the flat rack through two second bearing seats; the flat brake motor is disposed on the outer wall of one of the second bearings, and the output end of the flat brake motor is connected to one end of the ball screw. The flat brake motor is fixed at one end and can drive the ball screw to rotate. A concave round rod is disposed on the outer wall of the flat rack. A hollow round block is sleeved on the outer wall of the concave round rod and can move along the outer wall of the concave round rod. A ball nut is sleeved on the outer wall of the ball screw and engages with the ball screw. The rotation of the ball screw drives the ball nut, and through the limiting cooperation of the hollow round block and the concave round rod, the ball nut is driven to move along the outer wall of the ball screw. By cooperating with the flat rack, ball screw, flat brake motor and limiting components, the precise position adjustment of the lifting component is achieved.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes: an L-shaped moving rod, a single-opening rectangular block, a second buffer spring, a second limiting block, and an arc-shaped lifting block; one end of the L-shaped moving rod is disposed on the outer wall of the ball nut; the single-opening rectangular block is disposed on the other end of the L-shaped moving rod; one end of the second buffer spring is disposed on the bottom end of the single-opening rectangular block; one end of the second limiting block is disposed on the other end of the second buffer spring, and the second limiting block is movably sleeved within the single-opening rectangular block; there are two arc-shaped lifting blocks, symmetrically disposed on the top of the second limiting block, with a certain distance between the two arc-shaped lifting blocks, used to avoid the laser cutting head emitting light for cutting aluminum alloy round tubes. The laser optical path; the flat brake motor drives the ball nut to move, enabling the two arc-shaped lifting blocks to be positioned directly below the aluminum alloy round tube cutting point; when the brake motor drives the four arc-shaped clamping plates to clamp and fix the two ends of aluminum alloy round tubes of different diameters, and the displacement of the arc-shaped clamping plates can be transmitted to the flat rack through the long gear, thereby driving the two arc-shaped lifting blocks to synchronously drive the lifting assembly to adaptively lift and support the bottom of the laser cutting point according to the clamping movement of aluminum alloy round tubes of different diameters. By forming the lifting assembly with the L-shaped moving rod, the single-opening rectangular block, the second buffer spring and the arc-shaped lifting blocks, flexible lifting and optical path avoidance at the aluminum alloy round tube cutting point are achieved.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Through mechanical linkage and self-adaptation, it can automatically adapt to the synchronous clamping and lifting of aluminum alloy round tubes of different diameters, without the need to separately measure the tube diameter and calibrate the lifting height, shortening the preparation time for changing the form of multi-specification workpieces, and is compatible with the processing of aluminum alloy round tubes for automobiles of different diameters and lengths; the laser cutting system adopts a three-axis linkage structure, supports a variety of complex cutting processes, and can adapt to the production needs of the automotive manufacturing industry for batch and multi-variety production.

[0015] 2. Both the clamping and lifting ends employ a composite design of elastic buffering and arc-shaped fit. The buffer clamping assembly uses a buffer spring in conjunction with an arc-shaped clamping plate to achieve flexible clamping, preventing scratches, indentations, and plastic deformation on the workpiece surface caused by rigid contact. The lifting assembly uses a buffer spring and double arc-shaped lifting blocks to provide flexible support at the cutting point, preventing the workpiece's own weight from affecting the process and fundamentally preventing the cutting end from sagging, deforming, or shaking during the cutting process. The spacing design of the double lifting blocks completely avoids the laser beam path, ensuring cutting continuity, improving the flatness of the cut surface, reducing subsequent secondary processing steps such as grinding and correction, and meeting the automotive industry's requirements for the surface quality and forming precision of aluminum alloy parts.

[0016] 3. The inclined plane linkage and interlocking transmission design of the synchronous component enables the clamping end to expand and contract synchronously on the same axis; the drive component, through the synchronous meshing structure of long gear and double rack, ensures that the clamping force at both ends is uniform and consistent, and with the power-off self-locking function of the brake motor, it prevents the workpiece from shifting during the cutting process; the adjustment component, through ball screw transmission, enables the precise positioning of the horizontal position of the lifting component, and the cooperation of the flat rack and limit rod ensures the straightness of the adaptive lifting, improving the cutting accuracy and processing consistency of aluminum alloy round tubes. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the laser cutting structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the position and structure of the clamping device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure within a cross-section of the movable seat of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the limiting component and the synchronization component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the positional structure of the adaptive auxiliary device of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A inside; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure within a cross-section of the lifting component of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Laser cutting structure, 11. Quadrupole, 12. Rectangular moving slot, 13. Limiting rod, 14. First high-precision electric push rod, 15. Second high-precision electric push rod, 16. Bearing plate, 17. Automatic moving table, 18. Laser cutting head; 2. Clamping device; 21. Limiting component; 211. Supporting inclined plate; 212. Concave limiting seat; 213. Observation slot; 214. Limiting slide groove; 215. Limiting rectangular groove; 22. Synchronization component; 221. Single inclined plane moving block; 222. Trapezoidal limiting groove; 223. Limiting slide rod; 224. Trapezoidal limiting block; 225. Trapezoidal moving block; 23. Buffer clamping component; 231. Moving seat; 232. Groove; 233. First buffer spring; 234. First limiting block; 235. Arc-shaped clamping plate; 3. Adaptive auxiliary device, 31. Drive assembly, 311. Rack, 312. Long gear, 313. Brake motor, 32. Adjustment assembly, 321. Flat rack, 322. Limiting groove, 323. Ball screw, 324. Flat brake motor, 325. Concave round rod, 326. Hollow round block, 327. Ball nut, 33. Lifting assembly, 331. L-shaped moving rod, 332. Single-opening rectangular block, 333. Second buffer spring, 334. Second limiting block, 335. Arc-shaped lifting block. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-9 This invention provides a laser cutting machine solution for automotive aluminum alloy materials, comprising: a laser cutting structure 1, a clamping device 2, and an adaptive auxiliary device 3; the laser cutting structure 1 is installed below a hanger that clamps an aluminum alloy round tube, and is used to laser cut the aluminum alloy round tube; there are two sets of clamping devices 2, symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the laser cutting structure 1; the adaptive auxiliary device 3 is located at the bottom input end of the two sets of clamping devices 2, and can drive the two sets of clamping devices 2 to clamp and fix both ends of the aluminum alloy round tube, and the adaptive auxiliary device 3 can interact with the two sets of clamping devices 2. The two sets of clamping devices 2 work together to simultaneously move and support the bottom of the aluminum alloy tube at the laser cutting point, according to the changes in the diameter of the aluminum alloy tube being clamped. Through the linkage of the laser cutting structure 1, the clamping device 2 and the adaptive auxiliary device 3, the clamping and fixing of the automotive aluminum alloy tube and the support of the cutting point are completed synchronously. It can automatically adapt to the clamping and lifting of aluminum alloy tubes of different diameters without the need for separate adjustment of the lifting position, thereby improving the automation of the aluminum alloy tube laser cutting operation and the stability of the cutting process.

[0021] As a preferred option, further, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the clamping device 2 includes: a limiting component 21, a synchronization component 22, and a buffer clamping component 23; the limiting component 21 is disposed on the top surface of the laser cutting structure 1; the synchronization component 22 is movably embedded in the limiting component 21; the buffer clamping component 23 is disposed on the two moving ends of the synchronization component 22, and the buffer clamping component 23 can clamp and fix the aluminum alloy round tube through the synchronization component 22; through the cooperation of the limiting component 21, the synchronization component 22 and the buffer clamping component 23 in the clamping device 2, the limiting component 21 ensures the trajectory limitation of the clamping movement, the synchronization component 22 enables the synchronous movement of the clamping ends on both sides to prevent clamping deviation, and the buffer clamping component 23 can flexibly contact and clamp the aluminum alloy round tube, improve the coaxiality and stability of the clamping device 2 in clamping the aluminum alloy round tube, and prevent rigid clamping from damaging the surface of the aluminum alloy round tube.

[0022] As a preferred option, further, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the adaptive auxiliary device 3 includes: a drive component 31, an adjustment component 32, and a lifting component 33. The drive component 31 is located at the bottom of the two sets of synchronous components 22 within the two sets of clamping devices 2. The drive component 31 can drive the two sets of synchronous components 22 to simultaneously clamp and fix the two ends of the aluminum alloy round tube. The adjustment component 32 is located at the input end of the drive component 31. The lifting component 33 is located at the moving output end of the adjustment component 32. The adjustment component 32 can drive the lifting component 33 to move to the bottom of the laser-cut part of the aluminum alloy round tube. When the two sets of buffer clamping components 23 clamp the two ends of aluminum alloy round tubes of different diameters, the clamping displacement of the buffer clamping components 23 can be synchronously transmitted to the adjustment component 32 through the drive component 31, thereby driving the lifting component 33 to move. The lifting component 33 moves adaptively according to the displacement proportional to the clamping movement displacement of the buffer clamping component 23, thereby driving the lifting component 33 to support the bottom of the laser-cut aluminum alloy round tubes of different diameters. Through the mechanical linkage of the driving component 31, the adjusting component 32 and the lifting component 33 in the adaptive auxiliary device 3, the driving component 31 simultaneously drives the clamping power output and the clamping displacement to be transmitted synchronously, and the adjusting component 32 completes the pre-adjustment of the cutting position and the adaptive height linkage adjustment of the lifting component 33. The lifting component 33 provides stable support at the cutting point, eliminating the need to separately calibrate the lifting height for different tube diameters, improving the adaptability and production efficiency of cutting operations for aluminum alloy round tubes of different specifications, and preventing the round tube cutting end from sagging, deforming or shaking during the cutting process, thereby improving the accuracy and cross-sectional quality of laser cutting.

[0023] As a preferred option, further, such as Figure 2As shown, the laser cutting structure 1 includes: a quadrupole 11, limiting rods 13, a first high-precision electric push rod 14, a second high-precision electric push rod 15, a supporting long plate 16, an automatic moving stage 17, and a laser cutting head 18; the quadrupole 11 is used to support the top surface connecting components, and a through rectangular moving groove 12 is opened on the top surface of the quadrupole 11; there are two limiting rods 13, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the rectangular moving groove 12; the first high-precision electric push rod 14 is arranged on the outer wall of the quadrupole 11; the second high-precision electric push rod 15 is arranged at the moving end of the first high-precision electric push rod 14; the supporting long plate 16 is arranged at the moving end of the second high-precision electric push rod 15; the automatic moving stage 17... 7 is set on the outer wall of the supporting long plate 16; the laser cutting head 18 is set on the moving end of the automatic moving table 17, and the laser cutting head 18 is connected to the external auxiliary system; the quadruped 11 provides stable support for the whole machine, the limit rod 13 ensures the trajectory accuracy of the moving parts, and the three-axis linkage design of the first high-precision electric push rod 14, the second high-precision electric push rod 15 and the automatic moving table 17 realizes the high-precision free movement of the laser cutting head 18. With the laser cutting head 18 connected to the external auxiliary system, it can accurately complete the laser cutting operation of automotive aluminum alloy round tubes of different lengths and different cutting positions, improving the flexibility, positioning accuracy and processing efficiency of laser cutting.

[0024] As a preferred option, further, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the limiting component 21 includes: a supporting inclined plate 211 and a concave limiting seat 212; there are two supporting inclined plates 211, which are symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the tripod 11; the concave limiting seat 212 is arranged on the top of the two supporting inclined plates 211, and two through observation slots 213 are opened on both sides of the outer wall of the concave limiting seat 212, and two limiting sliding grooves 214 are opened on the top of both sides of the inner wall of the concave limiting seat 212, and a through limiting rectangular groove 215 is opened on the bottom surface of the concave limiting seat 212; The triangular stability provided by the two supporting inclined plates 211 and the concave limiting seat 212 provides a solid installation foundation for the synchronization component. The limiting groove 214 on the concave limiting seat 212 precisely limits the movement direction of the synchronization component, preventing skew and misalignment during clamping. The limiting rectangular groove 215 ensures the operation of the transmission components, and the observation groove 213 enables visual viewing of the internal operating status, facilitates maintenance, and improves the stability, motion accuracy, and ease of maintenance of the clamping device.

[0025] As a preferred option, further, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the synchronization component 22 includes: a single-sloping surface moving block 221, a limiting slide bar 223, a trapezoidal limiting block 224, and a trapezoidal moving block 225; there are two single-sloping surface moving blocks 221, which are symmetrically and movably embedded in the top of the concave limiting seat 212, and the slopes of the two single-sloping surface moving blocks 221 are respectively provided with trapezoidal limiting grooves 222; there are four limiting slide bars 223, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer wall of the two single-sloping surface moving blocks 221, and all four limiting slide bars 223 are movably embedded in the two limiting grooves 214; there are two trapezoidal limiting blocks 224, which are movably embedded in the two trapezoidal limiting grooves 222; the trapezoidal moving block 225 is disposed between the two trapezoidal limiting blocks 224; when the trapezoidal moving block 225 is driven to move, it can pass through the trapezoidal grooves 222. The inclined surfaces on both sides of the moving block 225 cooperate with the inclined surfaces of the two single-inclined moving blocks 221, and through the limiting cooperation of the two trapezoidal limiting blocks 224, the two trapezoidal limiting grooves 222, the four limiting slide rods 223, and the limiting slide rods 223, the two single-inclined moving blocks 221 are driven to expand or contract synchronously. Through the linkage of the single-inclined moving block 221, the trapezoidal limiting grooves 222, the limiting slide rods 223, the trapezoidal limiting blocks 224 and the inclined surfaces of the trapezoidal moving block 225, the two clamping ends can perform high-precision synchronous expansion and contraction actions. The interlocking transmission structure of the trapezoidal limiting grooves 222 and the trapezoidal limiting blocks 224 prevents derailment and jamming during the movement. The four limiting slide rods 223 ensure the straightness and stability of the movement of the single-inclined moving block 221, and improve the synchronization and coaxiality of the clamping action.

[0026] As a preferred option, further, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the buffer clamping assembly 23 includes: a movable seat 231, a first buffer spring 233, a first limiting block 234, and an arc-shaped clamping plate 235; there are two movable seats 231, which are symmetrically arranged on the top surfaces of two single-sloping movable blocks 221, and two grooves 232 are respectively formed on the opposite surfaces of the two movable seats 231; there are two first buffer springs 233, one end of which is symmetrically arranged in one end of the two grooves 232; there are two first limiting blocks 234, one end of which is movably and symmetrically arranged in the other end of the two first buffer springs 233; there are two arc-shaped clamping plates 235, which are symmetrically arranged in one end of the first buffer springs 233. At the other end of the two first limiting blocks 234, the two single inclined plane moving blocks 221 can drive the two arc-shaped clamping plates 235 to fix the aluminum alloy round tube. Through the fitting and cooperation of the groove 232 with the first limiting block 234, the movement trajectory is precisely limited and buffered. With the elastic buffering effect of the first buffer spring 233, the aluminum alloy round tube can be flexibly clamped, preventing scratches, indentations and deformation damage to the surface of the aluminum alloy round tube caused by rigid clamping. At the same time, the arc design of the arc-shaped clamping plate 235 and its contact with the aluminum alloy round tube make the clamping force distribution more uniform, improve the stability and reliability of clamping, and ensure the accuracy of subsequent laser cutting operations.

[0027] As a preferred option, further, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the drive assembly 31 includes: racks 311, long gears 312, and brake motors 313; there are two racks 311, one end of which is symmetrically arranged on the bottom surface of two trapezoidal moving blocks 225 in the two sets of clamping devices 2, and the other ends of the two racks 311 are movably sleeved in two limiting rectangular slots 215 in the two sets of clamping devices 2; the long gears 312 are set on the top surface of the quadruped 11 through two first bearing seats, and the two ends of the long gears 312 mesh with the bottom ends of the two racks 311 respectively; the brake motor 313 is set on the outer wall of one of the first bearings, and the output end of the brake motor 313 is connected and fixed to one end of the long gear 312. The brake motor 313 can drive the long gear 312 to rotate and drive the two racks 311 to drive the two sets of clamping devices 2. The two trapezoidal moving blocks 225 inside the clamping device 2 move, thereby driving the four arc-shaped clamping plates 235 to flexibly clamp and fix the two ends of the aluminum alloy tube through the four first buffer springs 233 respectively. The brake motor 313 provides a stable clamping power source and has a self-locking capability. Through the synchronous meshing transmission structure of the long gear 312 and the two racks 311, the two sets of clamping devices 2 can be driven to move completely synchronously, so that the clamping force at both ends of the aluminum alloy tube is consistent and the clamping is coaxial. At the same time, the cooperation between the rack 311 and the limiting rectangular groove 215 limits the transmission trajectory and prevents transmission deviation. It can accurately drive the four arc-shaped clamping plates 235 to complete the flexible clamping of the aluminum alloy tube through the first buffer springs 233, improving the reliability and accuracy of the clamping action.

[0028] As a preferred option, further, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the adjustment assembly 32 includes: a flat rack 321, a ball screw 323, a flat brake motor 324, a concave round rod 325, a hollow round block 326, and a ball nut 327; the flat rack 321 is movably embedded in the rectangular moving groove 12, and two limiting slots 322 are opened on both sides of the outer wall of the flat rack 321. One end of each of the two limiting rods 13 is embedded in the two limiting slots 322 respectively, and the flat rack 321 can move along the two limiting slots 322 respectively. The movement is limited by one end of each of the two limiting rods 13; the ball screw 323 is mounted on the outer wall of the flat rack 321 via two second bearing seats; the flat brake motor 324 is mounted on the outer wall of one of the second bearings, and its output end is connected and fixed to one end of the ball screw 323, enabling the flat brake motor 324 to drive the ball screw 323 to rotate; the concave round rod 325 is mounted on the outer wall of the flat rack 321; and the hollow round block 326 is sleeved on the outer wall of the concave round rod 325. The hollow round block 326 can move along the outer wall of the concave round rod 325 for a limited movement; the ball nut 327 is sleeved on the outer wall of the ball screw 323, and the ball nut 327 meshes with the ball screw 323. The rotation of the ball screw 323 drives the ball nut 327, and through the limited engagement of the hollow round block 326 and the concave round rod 325, the ball nut 327 is driven to move along the outer wall of the ball screw 323; through the matching of the flat rack 321 with the limiting groove 322 and the limiting rod 13... The vertical movement trajectory is limited, ensuring the straightness of the adaptive lifting. The high-precision transmission structure of the ball screw 323 and ball nut 327, combined with the precise drive of the flat brake motor 324, enables high-precision adjustment of the horizontal position of the lifting component 33. The anti-rotation limit of the concave round rod 325 and hollow round block 326 prevents the ball nut 327 from rotating synchronously with the ball screw 323, ensuring the stability of the horizontal transmission and improving the positioning accuracy of the lifting component 33.

[0029] As a preferred option, further, such as Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the lifting assembly 33 includes: an L-shaped moving rod 331, a single-opening rectangular block 332, a second buffer spring 333, a second limiting block 334, and an arc-shaped lifting block 335; one end of the L-shaped moving rod 331 is disposed on the outer wall of the ball nut 327; the single-opening rectangular block 332 is disposed on the other end of the L-shaped moving rod 331; one end of the second buffer spring 333 is disposed on the bottom end inside the single-opening rectangular block 332; one end of the second limiting block 334 is disposed on the other end of the second buffer spring 333, and the second limiting block 334... The movable part is fitted inside the single-opening rectangular block 332; there are two arc-shaped lifting blocks 335, which are symmetrically arranged on the top of the second limiting block 334, with a certain distance between the two arc-shaped lifting blocks 335, and are used to avoid the laser beam path emitted by the laser cutting head 18 for cutting aluminum alloy round tubes; the flat brake motor 324 drives the ball nut 327 to move, so that the two arc-shaped lifting blocks 335 are located directly below the cutting point of the aluminum alloy round tube; when the brake motor 313 drives the four arc-shaped clamping plates 235 to cut different tube diameters When the two ends of the aluminum alloy round tube are clamped and fixed, the displacement of the arc-shaped clamping plate 235 can be transmitted to the flat rack 321 through the long gear 312, thereby driving the two arc-shaped lifting blocks 335 to synchronously drive the lifting assembly to adaptively lift and support the bottom of the laser cutting area according to the clamping movement of aluminum alloy round tubes of different diameters. The L-shaped moving rod 331 drives the transmission connection with the adjustment component 32. The single-opening rectangular block 332 provides the installation point and movement limit for the buffer structure. With the elastic buffer design of the second buffer spring 333 and the second limit block 334, it can flexibly lift the aluminum alloy round tube at the cutting area, preventing the round tube deformation and surface damage caused by rigid lifting. The arc-shaped contact surface of the two arc-shaped lifting blocks 335 improves the lifting stability and uniform contact, and the spacing design avoids the laser cutting light path, ensuring the continuous cutting operation. The overall structure can adaptively adjust the lifting height synchronously with the clamping displacement to adapt to the cutting support requirements of aluminum alloy round tubes of different diameters, improving the cross-sectional accuracy and processing quality of laser cutting.

[0030] Its detailed connection methods are well-known technologies in this field. The following mainly introduces the working principle and process, and the specific work is as follows: The first high-precision electric push rod 14, the second high-precision electric push rod 15, the bearing plate 16, the automatic moving table 17, and the laser cutting head 18 are all in their initial, non-operational positions and will not interfere with the lifting action of the lifting device to transport the aluminum alloy round tube. The lifting device will lift the aluminum alloy round tube to be cut to the preset clamping position between the four first limit blocks 234 of the two sets of clamping devices 2.

[0031] Aluminum alloy round tube clamping process: Brake motor 313 drives long gear 312 to rotate, and long gear 312 simultaneously meshes with two racks 311, driving the two racks 311 to move linearly; the two racks 311 respectively drive the trapezoidal moving blocks 225 in the two sets of clamping devices 2 to move downward synchronously, the trapezoidal moving blocks 225 cooperate with trapezoidal limiting blocks 224 and trapezoidal limiting grooves 222 through the inclined surfaces on both sides, driving the two single inclined surface moving blocks 221 to retract along the limiting slide grooves 214; the single inclined surface moving blocks 221 are driven until the four arc-shaped clamping plates 235 contact and clamp the two ends of the aluminum alloy round tube; the first buffer spring 233 generates elastic compression after the arc-shaped clamping plates 235 contact the aluminum alloy round tube, realizing flexible clamping and preventing rigid clamping from damaging the surface of the aluminum alloy round tube.

[0032] The principle of adaptive clamping and lifting linkage: When the diameter of the aluminum alloy round tube is larger, the bottom exposed portion of the tube at its initial placement position between the four arc-shaped clamps 235 is larger, the initial contact distance between the arc-shaped clamps 235 and the outer wall of the aluminum alloy round tube is closer, and the amount of relative displacement of the arc-shaped clamps 235 required to complete clamping is smaller; when the diameter of the aluminum alloy round tube is smaller, the bottom exposed portion of the tube at its initial placement position between the four arc-shaped clamps 235 is smaller, the initial contact distance between the arc-shaped clamps 235 and the outer wall of the aluminum alloy round tube is farther, and the amount of relative displacement of the arc-shaped clamps 235 required to complete clamping is smaller. The greater the displacement of the arc-shaped clamping plate 235, the longer the gear 312 meshes with the flat rack 321 while driving the rack 311 to complete the clamping action, and transmits the clamping displacement of the arc-shaped clamping plate 235 to the flat rack 321 in proportion, driving the flat rack 321 to move vertically upward along the two limit rods 13; wherein the length of the limit rod 13 at the front end of the rectangular moving groove 12 is greater than the length of the limit rod 13 at the rear end, so as to reserve enough space for the installation and axial operation of the flat brake motor 324 and prevent motion interference.

[0033] Cutting position lifting pre-adjustment: The flat brake motor 324 drives the ball screw 323 to rotate, and the ball screw 323 meshes with the ball nut 327. Under the limiting guidance of the concave round rod 325 and the hollow round block 326, the ball nut 327 is driven to move axially along the ball screw 323. The ball nut 327 drives the single-opening rectangular block 332, the second buffer spring 333, the second limiting block 334 and the arc-shaped lifting block 335 to move synchronously through the L-shaped moving rod 331, so that the two arc-shaped lifting blocks 335 are accurately positioned directly below the preset cutting position of the aluminum alloy round tube. The reserved gap between the two arc-shaped lifting blocks 335 is used to avoid the laser beam path of the laser cutting head 18 and prevent the laser from damaging the two arc-shaped lifting blocks 335.

[0034] The adaptive lifting mechanism operates as follows: The vertical upward movement of the flat rack 321 drives the overall adjustment component 32 to move vertically upward synchronously, which in turn drives the lifting component 33 to move vertically upward adaptively according to the displacement proportional to the clamping displacement of the arc-shaped clamping plate 235. When clamping a large-diameter aluminum alloy tube, the displacement of the arc-shaped clamping plate 235 is small, and the flat rack 321 drives the lifting component 33 to move upward a small distance, so that the two arc-shaped lifting blocks 335 just contact and lift the bottom of the cut of the large-diameter aluminum alloy tube. When clamping a small-diameter aluminum alloy tube, the displacement of the arc-shaped clamping plate 235 is large, and the flat rack 321 drives the lifting component 33 to move upward a large distance, so that the two arc-shaped lifting blocks 335 just contact and lift the bottom of the cut of the small-diameter aluminum alloy tube. The second buffer spring 333 generates elastic compression after the arc-shaped lifting blocks 335 contact the bottom of the aluminum alloy tube, realizing flexible lifting and preventing deformation of the aluminum alloy tube caused by rigid lifting.

[0035] Laser cutting process: After clamping and adaptive lifting are completed, the first high-precision electric push rod 14, the second high-precision electric push rod 15 and the automatic moving table 17 cooperate with each other to drive the laser cutting head 18 to be positioned at the preset cutting start position. The laser cutting head 18 starts to emit laser and cooperates with the linkage movement to complete the cutting operation of aluminum alloy round tube.

[0036] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser cutting machine for automotive aluminum alloy materials, characterized in that, include: A laser cutting structure (1) is installed below a hanger that holds an aluminum alloy round tube. The laser cutting structure (1) is used to laser cut the aluminum alloy round tube. The clamping device (2) consists of two sets, which are symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the laser cutting structure (1); An adaptive auxiliary device (3) is installed at the bottom input end of the two sets of clamping devices (2). The adaptive auxiliary device (3) can drive the two sets of clamping devices (2) to clamp and fix the two ends of the aluminum alloy tube. The adaptive auxiliary device (3) can work in conjunction with the two sets of clamping devices (2). When the two sets of clamping devices (2) clamp and fix the aluminum alloy tube, they can synchronously move and support the bottom of the laser-cut part of the aluminum alloy tube according to the change of clamping aluminum alloy tubes of different diameters. The clamping device (2) includes: A limiting component (21) is disposed on the top surface of the laser cutting structure (1); The synchronization component (22) is movably embedded within the limiting component (21); The buffer clamping assembly (23) is located at the two moving ends of the synchronization assembly (22). The buffer clamping assembly (23) can clamp and fix the aluminum alloy round tube through the synchronization assembly (22).

2. The laser cutting machine for automotive aluminum alloy materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive assist device (3) includes: The driving component (31) is located at the bottom of the two sets of synchronous components (22) in the two sets of clamping devices (2). The driving component (31) can drive the two sets of synchronous components (22) to drive the two sets of buffer clamping components (23) to clamp and fix the two ends of the aluminum alloy round tube simultaneously. An adjustment component (32) is disposed at the input end of the drive component (31); The lifting component (33) is located at the moving output end of the adjusting component (32). The adjusting component (32) can drive the lifting component (33) to adjust and move to the bottom of the laser-cut aluminum alloy tube. When the two sets of buffer clamping components (23) clamp the two ends of aluminum alloy tubes of different diameters, the clamping movement displacement of the buffer clamping component (23) can be synchronously transmitted to the adjusting component (32) through the driving component (31), thereby driving the lifting component (33) to move adaptively according to the displacement proportional to the clamping movement displacement of the buffer clamping component (23), thereby driving the lifting component (33) to lift and support the bottom of the laser-cut aluminum alloy tubes of different diameters.

3. The laser cutting machine for automotive aluminum alloy materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, The laser cutting structure (1) includes: A quadrupole (11) is used to support the top surface connecting component. The top surface of the quadrupole (11) is provided with a through rectangular moving groove (12). Two limiting rods (13) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the rectangular moving groove (12); The first high-precision electric push rod (14) is set on the outer wall of the quadrupole (11); The second high-precision electric push rod (15) is disposed at the moving end of the first high-precision electric push rod (14); The supporting plate (16) is located at the moving end of the second high-precision electric push rod (15); An automatic moving platform (17) is disposed on the outer wall of the supporting long plate (16); A laser cutting head (18) is mounted on the moving end of the automatic moving platform (17) and is connected to an external auxiliary system.

4. A laser cutting machine for automotive aluminum alloy materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limiting component (21) includes: Two supporting inclined plates (211) are symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the quadrupole (11); A concave limiting seat (212) is disposed at the top of the two supporting inclined plates (211). Two through observation grooves (213) are respectively opened on both sides of the outer wall of the concave limiting seat (212). Two limiting sliding grooves (214) are respectively opened on the top of both sides of the inner wall of the concave limiting seat (212). A through limiting rectangular groove (215) is opened on the bottom surface of the concave limiting seat (212).

5. A laser cutting machine for automotive aluminum alloy materials according to claim 4, characterized in that, The synchronization component (22) includes: Two single-sloping-plane moving blocks (221) are symmetrically and movablely embedded in the top of the concave limiting seat (212). The inclined surfaces of the two single-sloping-plane moving blocks (221) are respectively provided with trapezoidal limiting grooves (222). There are four limiting slide rods (223), which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer wall of the two single inclined plane moving blocks (221). All four limiting slide rods (223) are movably embedded in the two limiting slide grooves (214). Two trapezoidal limiting blocks (224) are movably embedded in the two trapezoidal limiting grooves (222); A trapezoidal moving block (225) is disposed between two trapezoidal limiting blocks (224). When the trapezoidal moving block (225) is driven to move, it can cooperate with the inclined surfaces of the two single-inclined moving blocks (221) through the two inclined surfaces of the trapezoidal moving block (225) and the limiting cooperation of the two trapezoidal limiting blocks (224), two trapezoidal limiting grooves (222), four limiting slide rods (223) and the limiting slide rods (223), thereby driving the two single-inclined moving blocks (221) to expand or contract synchronously.

6. A laser cutting machine for automotive aluminum alloy materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, The buffer clamping assembly (23) includes: There are two movable seats (231), which are symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the two single inclined plane movable blocks (221). Two grooves (232) are respectively opened on the opposite surface of the two movable seats (231). There are two first buffer springs (233), one end of which is symmetrically disposed in one end of each of the two grooves (232); There are two first limiting blocks (234), one end of which is movably and symmetrically disposed at the other end of the two first buffer springs (233); Two arc-shaped clamps (235) are symmetrically arranged at the other end of the two first limiting blocks (234). The two single inclined plane moving blocks (221) can drive the two arc-shaped clamps (235) to fix the aluminum alloy round tube.

7. A laser cutting machine for automotive aluminum alloy materials according to claim 6, characterized in that, The driving component (31) includes: Two racks (311) are provided, with one end symmetrically arranged on the bottom surface of two trapezoidal moving blocks (225) in the two sets of clamping devices (2). The other ends of the two racks (311) are respectively movably sleeved in two limiting rectangular grooves (215) in the two sets of clamping devices (2). The long gear (312) is mounted on the top surface of the quadruped (11) via two first bearing seats, and the two ends of the long gear (312) mesh with the bottom ends of the two racks (311) respectively. A brake motor (313) is mounted on the outer wall of one of the first bearings. The output end of the brake motor (313) is connected and fixed to one end of the long gear (312). The brake motor (313) can drive the long gear (312) to rotate and drive the two racks (311) to drive the two trapezoidal moving blocks (225) in the two sets of clamping devices (2) to move, thereby driving the four arc-shaped clamps (235) to flexibly clamp and fix the two ends of the aluminum alloy round tube through the four first buffer springs (233).

8. A laser cutting machine for automotive aluminum alloy materials according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adjustment component (32) includes: The flat rack (321) is movably embedded in the rectangular moving groove (12). Two limiting long grooves (322) are opened on both sides of the outer wall of the flat rack (321). One end of two limiting rods (13) is embedded in the two limiting long grooves (322), and the flat rack (321) can be limited to move along one end of the two limiting rods (13) through the two limiting long grooves (322). The ball screw (323) is mounted on the outer wall of the flat rack (321) via two second bearing seats; A flat brake motor (324) is disposed on the outer wall of a second bearing. The output end of the flat brake motor (324) is connected and fixed to one end of a ball screw (323). The flat brake motor (324) can drive the ball screw (323) to rotate. A concave round rod (325) is disposed on the outer wall of the flat rack (321); A hollow circular block (326) is fitted onto the outer wall of the concave circular rod (325), and the hollow circular block (326) can move along the outer wall of the concave circular rod (325) in a limited position. A ball nut (327) is fitted onto the outer wall of the ball screw (323). The ball nut (327) meshes with the ball screw (323). The ball screw (323) rotates to drive the ball nut (327). Through the limiting cooperation of the hollow round block (326) and the concave round rod (325), the ball nut (327) is driven to move along the outer wall of the ball screw (323).

9. A laser cutting machine for automotive aluminum alloy materials according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lifting component (33) includes: The L-shaped moving rod (331) has one end disposed on the outer wall of the ball nut (327); A single-opening rectangular block (332) is disposed at the other end of the L-shaped moving rod (331); The second buffer spring (333) is located at one end of the bottom of the single-opening rectangular block (332); The second limiting block (334) is located at one end of the other end of the second buffer spring (333), and the second limiting block (334) is movably sleeved inside the single-opening rectangular block (332); Two arc-shaped lifting blocks (335) are symmetrically arranged at the top of the second limiting block (334). There is a certain distance between the two arc-shaped lifting blocks (335) and they are used to avoid the laser beam path emitted by the laser cutting head (18) for cutting aluminum alloy round tubes. The flat brake motor (324) drives the ball nut (327) to move, so that the two arc-shaped lifting blocks (335) are located directly below the cutting point of the aluminum alloy round tube. When the brake motor (313) drives the four arc-shaped clamping plates (235) to clamp and fix the two ends of aluminum alloy round tubes of different diameters, the displacement of the arc-shaped clamping plates (235) can be transmitted to the flat rack (321) through the long gear (312) in a synchronous manner, thereby driving the two arc-shaped lifting blocks (335) to synchronously drive the lifting assembly to adaptively lift and support the bottom of the laser cutting point according to the clamping movement of the aluminum alloy round tubes of different diameters.

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